DE1087756B - Projectile for the delivery of drugs to animals - Google Patents

Description

German

The invention relates to a projectile for the delivery of drugs to animals with a body part, one at the tip of the needle and one that causes the projectile to be emptied Trigger means.

For a long time, attempts have been made to create a projectile of the type just mentioned, which can be fired at a distance from an animal and injected a liquid drug into it, namely. after the projectile in. the body of the Animal has entered. "

It can be seen that such a projectile has great advantages in the injection of immunizing drugs, Sera, antibiotics, drug compositions for agitation of the animal, or the like Substances would have without the risk of injury to the injector due to a possible Resistance of the low against the injection arises. Such projectiles should usually with Be fired with the help of an air rifle.

There are already "various projectiles known, which supposedly * are supposed to fulfill the above purpose; the known projectiles have, however, insofar as proved unsatisfactory because they did not show a positive result in practice. While the known projectiles would work under favorable conditions, e.g. in the laboratory they are completely useless when used in the open field. The reason for this was above all else in the insufficient consideration of the effect of the triggering means, with which only the actual Injections are made into the animal.

The invention is based on this task Disadvantage: to turn it off. '

The object is achieved in that, according to the invention, the triggering means consists of a propellant which is actuated at the firing of the projectile and which brings about the combination of several gas-forming substances located in the fuselage of the projectile to expel the drug. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the propellant element consists of a needle with a wide head which is arranged at the rear end of the projectile and which can be moved in the direction of the projectile tip by the air pressure when the projectile is fired. Another embodiment of "the invention is characterized in that the Treiborgari from an in rückwär-" is mounted lid-side end of the projectile, 'when the firing of the ^projectile: itinaüsbewegbar is by the inertia force from its storage. "

The body part preferably consists of at least two chambers separated by a piston, one of which contains the drug and the other at least one gas-forming substance; this can projectile for drug delivery
to animals

Applicant:

Palmer Chemical

and.Equipment: Company, Inc.,

Atlanta, Ga. (V.St. Α.),

Representative: Dipl.-Ing. A. Bohr, Dipl.-Ing. H. Bohr,

Dipl.-Ing .. S. Staegex, Munich 5, Müllerstr, 31,

uncliDr.-Ing. H. Fincke, Berlin-Lichterfelde,

Patent attorneys

Jack A. Crockfor.d ,. Chemblee, Ga.,
Frank A. Hayes, Seldom D. Feurt, James H. Jenkins,

Athens, Ga.,

and Harold C. Palmer ,. Atlanta, Ga. (V. St. Α.),
have been named as inventors

the butt has a cavity in which a stepped part of the lid prior to firing of the projectile is fitted and which for receiving a gas-forming substance, preferably in tablet form serves.

It is not important in the invention that only a gas-forming substance to act on the Triggering means is provided, but it can also be proceeded so that according to the invention two gas-forming Substances, preferably different physical states, are provided, one of which is in a capsule that can be pierced by the needle is contained.

Various exemplary embodiments of the invention are hereinafter referred to in detail detailed on the drawings. It shows

1 shows a perspective side view of an embodiment of the projectile according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a side view of a construction similar to that of Fig. 1, but in which the body part is shown in section to show the internal construction of the parts,

Fig. 3 is a detailed side view in section of the rear part of the body part of the Proj.ek'tils according to Fig. 1 and 2, wherein the means for triggering the

009 588/12

Injection mechanism when firing the projectile are shown,

Fig. 4 is a detailed side view in section, similar to that of Fig. 2, the type and The manner in which the drug is expelled from the projectile is shown after the injection mechanism was triggered

Fig. 5 is a side view of a modified embodiment of a projectile according to the invention, in which, in section, the internal structure of the fuselage part and the projectile is shown in the loaded state and before firing,

Fig. 6 is a side view of the embodiment of a projectile according to FIG. 5, parts of it for Representation of the internal structure · broken away and the projectile in flight position immediately after is shown firing,

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the shape of a projectile of Fig. 5 taken along lines 7-7 of Fig. 5;

8 shows a side view of the front cover of the projectile of the embodiment according to FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13 and 14,

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the projectile according to FIG. 5 along lines 9-9 of FIG. 5;

Fig. 10 is a side view of a device used for accurate insertion of the drive member can be, which in the embodiment of the invention according to Fig. 5 to; 9 and 12 to 14 usage finds

11 is a side view "of a wrench, which can be used in the embodiment of the invention according to FIGS. 5 to 9 and 12 to 14, to ensure tightening of the front cover of the projectile,

12 shows a side view of the modified embodiment of the invention, according to FIGS. 5 to 9 and 12 to 14, with parts broken away to show the internal structure and the projectile in a position is shown, which the latter assumes immediately after reaching the animal,

13 shows a view similar to FIG. 12, but in which the entire body part of the projectile is in section and this is presented in a position which it assumes, after the drug contained in the latter has been injected into the animal, and

Fig. 14 is a partial end view of the front lid of the can be used in Figs. 5 to 9, 12 and embodiment of the invention illustrated ^£ 13, wherein the means are shown in cooperation with the wrench of Fig. 11.

Reference will now be made to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figures 1 through 4 for a description of its construction and operation. After the ^{embodiment shown in:} FIGS. 1 to 4 has been explained, the modified embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 9 and 12 to 14 is described and then the actuation of the two embodiments of the invention is explained in more detail. -V

Referring first to the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 through 'is 4, it is noted that the projectile 10' is provided with a body part 11 which, in turn, and a cap portion is divided 18 into a main part '19th The cap part 18 is tapered at its rear end.

A tail part 40 is provided with stabilizing fins 13 which are attached to a shaft 31. The "front end" of the shaft 31 is provided with an opening 14 so that the tail part 40 can sit over the rear part 15 of the cap 18.

The opening 14, however, extends rearwardly a greater distance than would be necessary to keep the rear part 15 of the cap 18 in a snug fit; an additional opening 16 is therefore provided. The opening 16 allows the entry of a gas after firing in order to trigger the injection mechanism, as will be explained in more detail below.
The main body part 19 has an internal thread 17

ίο at its rear end, and the cap 18 has a corresponding external thread 32 at its front end part. A closure 20 made of a resilient material, e.g. B. rubber or vinyl resin, is arranged on the front end part of the cap 18 and abuts against the inner wall 21 of the main body part 19.

The cap 18 is provided with a recess 22 which is larger at the rear end than at the front. A forwardly movable needle 23 with an enlarged tail portion 24 is inserted into the recess 22.

The main body part 19 is hollow and contains an inner cavity 3. A movable drive element 4 is arranged in the cavity 3 and is supported against the inner wall 21.

The drive member 4 divides the recess 3 into a front, drug-carrying chamber and a rear reaction chamber 26. A liquid drug 27 is inserted in the drug-receiving chamber 25. A needle 28 is attached to the head of the projectile 10 and is provided with a channel 29 and a point 30 . The channel 29 is in communication with the drug receiving chamber 25. A beard 44 is positioned on the needle 28 to hold the needle 28 in place during injection.

A puncturable container 34 made of rubber, vinyl or a similar flexible material is filled with a liquid, gas-generating agent. The liquid, gas-forming active ingredient is preferably under pressure in the container 35.

Next to the container 35 and also inside the reaction chamber 26 is a solid, gas-generating one Active ingredient 36 included. It should be noted that the use of the terms »liquid, gas-forming Active ingredient "and" solid, gas-forming active ingredient "in the description and in the claims is not limited to a single connection. Such active ingredients can understandably from more exist as a connection. The "solid, gas-forming active ingredient" can, for. B. a mixture of citric acid and sodium carbonate, while the "liquid, gas-forming agent" is a solution of such Compounds in water, a mixture of water and hydrogen peroxide or the like. Is.

The cap 18 can be provided with a knurled outer surface 37 to facilitate the assembly of the To facilitate projectile.

A modified embodiment of the invention according to FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 9, 12 and 13 consists of a projectile 110 with a hollow body 111. The front cover 112 is attached to the body 111 by threads 129 , which are connected to corresponding threads 130 on the Comb the front part of the body 111 . A seal 131 made of rubber or similar resilient material is disposed between the rear part of the front cover 112 and the body 111.

An injection device, consisting of a hollow needle 114 with a channel 115 a, is carried by the front cover 112 . The channel 115 a is also open at its front part 115. The needle 114

carries a tip 132 at its forward end and has a shoulder 133 attached to it. The shoulder 133 helps hold the needle in animals after a hole has been made.

The front cover 112 also has a hole 134 (Fig. 14) which corresponds to the prong 135 of the wrench 136 corresponds to the insertion and removal of the front cover 112 from the fuselage 111 facilitate.

A rear cover 113 is also provided with a thread 136, which with a corresponding Thread 137 on the rear part of the body 111 combs. A seal 138 made of rubber or a similar material is between the front part of the rear lid 113 and the Fuselage 111 arranged.

A wing 116 is carried by the lid 113 and extends backwards from him. The wing 116 is in the opening 117 in the cover 113 by means of a knot 118 attached.

A gas-actuated drive member 119 is slidably mounted in the body 111. The drive member 119 is provided with ribs 120 to provide an airtight seal between the part of the hull 111 which in front of the organ 119, and the part of the trunk 111 that lies behind the organ.

A quantity of injectable material, e.g. B. a liquid medical drug or agent to immobilize the animal, is in the trunk 111 in front of the drive element or driving element 119 arranged. The substance is denoted by the reference number 121.

The drive member 119 is provided with a reaction chamber 122 for receiving a solid Active ingredient 123 is used. The rear cover 113 is at the front part with an inner recess 124 Mistake.

, A sliding cover 127 is provided with two protrusions 126 and 127 and extends beyond the open end of the reaction chamber 122. Of the Protrusion 126 extends into reaction chamber 122 and protrusion 127 into recess 124; the cover is displaced backwards when the projectile 110 is fired.

A liquid, gas-forming active ingredient is in the body part 111, but outside the sliding cover 125 arranged.

The device can be made of any material which fulfills the required purposes. However, it is preferred to use the following substances:

1. For the body part and the lids 12 and 13, aluminum is preferred, but any other can be used Metal or a plastic material are used, which have the desired properties Has.

2. For the drive member 19, natural or synthetic rubber is preferred, but each can other compliant material with the desired properties can also be used.

3. Brass is preferred for the sliding lid because it is easy to machine and is stainless. However, any other metal or plastic material can also be used. the wished Properties find use.

4. Rubber is preferred for the seal.

5. For the wing 16, several strands or twine are preferred. However, others can Types of wings made of plastics, metal or the like. Find use.

6. Rubber is preferred for the puncturable container.

7. For the liquid, gas-forming active ingredient, water is preferred because it is the parts of the projectile does not etch with which it comes in contact and because it is readily available. However, in Depending on the solid, gas-forming active ingredient used, the liquid active ingredient hydrochloric acid or another mineral acid, acetic acid, or some other relatively strong liquid organic Acid, hydrogen peroxide or the like. Can be used.

8. A combination of sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid is preferred for the solid, gas-forming active ingredient. The preferred material is preferably combined with an inert material, such as a sweetener, calcium carbonate or the like, in order to dampen the reaction. However, any other gas-forming material can be used ¹ if it is used in admixture with another substance with satisfactory results. Such substances are zinc or any other metal above hydrogen in the voltage series of metals, magnesium dioxide, sodium peroxide, calcium carbide and the like.

The liquid, gas-forming agent is selected with reference to the solid, gas-forming agent, so that a gas is generated or formed by mixing the two.

With reference to the embodiment of the invention according to FIGS. 1 to 4, the following is the Operation of the same described, the projectile 10 has already been loaded by the cap 18 has been removed from the main body part 19 by unscrewing the parts. The required quantity The liquid drug is then administered using a syringe, pipette, or similar device inserted into the cavity 23.

The drive member 4 is then inserted into the rear end of the body part 19 and moved forward, by advancing it through a blunt probe or similar device. That in Fig. 10 The device shown is useful for this purpose. During the position that the drive member 24 within the recess 3 occupies, is not particularly critical, it is preferred to arrange the drive member 4 at a location as low as possible. This point can be determined by moving the drive member 4 down until the Liquid appears at the tip 30 of the needle 28.

A quantity of a solid, gas-forming agent is then introduced into the reaction chamber 26, the is formed in the cavity 23 by the arrangement of the drive member 4. The active ingredient used is not critical as any suitable gas-generating agent can be used.

A liquid, gas-forming active ingredient is then poured into a container 35 which, in addition to the solid, gas-forming agent is arranged in the reaction chamber 23. The container shown in the drawing can be charged for operation by using a small cylindrical rubber balloon, as it can be seen, for example, in a children's toy box and which has a uniform diameter of about 3 mm. The liquid is then poured into the balloon and this under the upper limit of the liquid tied so that compression takes place. The one above the The part of the balloon lying around the loop is then cut off.

In this context, it should be noted that the modified embodiment of the invention according to Fig-. 5 to 9 and 12 to 14 show a simpler method of loading the container 35 a.

The liquid used to load the container 35 depends on the nature of the solid gas-generating agent used.

It is also mentioned in this connection that it would also be possible to use two separate liquid active substances to be used when the surface ratios are satisfactory with respect to one another (i.e. that they do not mix too easily) or very low or high temperatures are present.

The position of the container 35 within the reaction chamber 26 corresponds to the tip of the needle 35 when the latter is driven forward, as explained in more detail below. ^:

When the gas-generating agents have been inserted into the reaction chamber 26, the cap 18 screwed onto the main body part 19 and the projectile in a rifle, preferably in an air rifle, loaded. Firing the rifle causes the gas to expand to focus on the enlarged part 24 of the needle 23, with the result that the needle 23 moves forward and the seal 20 pierces. This piercing can be facilitated by the seal 20 deliberately thin on the Point of impact is made.

The piercing of the 'seal 20 and the forward movement of the needle 23 also lead to a puncture of the container 35, with the result that the active ingredients mix and gas generation begins. However, when this occurs, the projectile is also propelled forward towards the animal. Because sufficient gas pressure is not immediately generated, an effect on the drug within the projectile will not be generated until a certain period of time has passed. Thereafter, the gas pressure ^moves: drive member 24 forward and pushing characterized ■ the drug from the projectile through the needle 28 via the channel 2, which is provided in it out. The needle is secured against withdrawal from the animal while the drug is being injected by the beard 44 which holds the needle 28 in place in the animal. However, this retention of the needle does not work constantly, the normal healing process of the animal will drive the projectile out of the body after a time.

The delay needed to drive the drug off the projectile after the mechanism has triggered so that the projectile can penetrate the animal's body is primarily controlled by the particle size of the solid, gaseous active ingredient used. The larger the particle size, the slower the gas generation and the greater the time lag. Under normal conditions it is preferred to use solid, gas-forming active ingredients with the particle size of Use coarse barley (uncooked). Where low temperatures are to be expected, particles become large in size roughly in the range of fine barley, the p'ul ^ verisert (non-granulated sugar) is used. At very low temperatures, where normally Water freezes, an active ingredient, such as. B. glacial acetic acid and ammonium sulfide 'can be used.

When determining the particle size, it is preferred to choose the larger rather than a smaller one for the respective specific temperature values. If the reaction is too slow, the projectile will reach the animal before the drug is expelled.

The only negative effect of slowing the reaction rate is to delay the exposure to the drug. However, if the reaction occurs too quickly, the drug will be expelled from the projectile before the latter has reached the animal and the desired effect will not be achieved. ^:

The amount of active ingredients used is not critical, except that at least sufficient active ingredients should be used to generate a sufficient gas to allow, which drives the drive member forward and pushes out the drug from the projectile. Here again, an excess of the active ingredients does not interfere, but an insufficient amount would not produce the desired effect.

Referring now to the modified form of the invention shown in FIGS. 5-9 and 12-14 it is noted for an explanation of the operation of this embodiment that the latter is similar, however is easier than described above.

The operator of the device removes the rear lid 113 from the body 111, the lid is unscrewed. The solid, gas-forming active ingredient 123 (preferably in tablet form) is in the Reaction chamber 122 of the drive member 119 inserted. The sliding cover 125 is then above of the reaction chamber 122 is inserted in place, with the extension 126 extending into the chamber extends. The device part, consisting of the drive member 119 and its cover 125 / is then inserted into the rear end of the fuselage 111. A slide 140 is then used to Drive member 119 to push into the body 111 at a suitable distance. This distance is determined when a stop 141 of the slide 140 reaches the outer rear wall of the body 111. Of the Slider 140 is then removed from the interior of the body 111 using a handle 142.

A quantum of a solid, gas-forming active ingredient (e.g. water) is then in the rear inner Part of the body 111, namely behind the drive member 119 and the cover 125, inserted. Afterward the rear lid 113 is tightly inserted into the fuselage

111 screwed in.

The front cover 112 is then removed from the body 111 by screwing. "Because it is important that the front cover ¹ tightly fits over the body 111, to prevent loss of the injected material, is he ~ e'htfernt and with the Wrench 136 is inserted again, the projection 135 of which fits tightly into the hole 134 in the front cover 112.

¹ After the front cover 112 has been removed, the injectable substance is inserted into the cavity in the fuselage 111 between its front part and the position which the drive member 119 has assumed. The amount of material that can be injected is measured and determined by the desired effect during the injection. '

After the injectable material has been inserted into the projectile, the front cover becomes

112 screwed in again and using the wrench 136 tightened.

The projectile is inserted into a rifle (preferably an air rifle) and then fired. The firing of the projectile triggers an inertial force which acts on the cover 125. As soon as the cover 125 is removed from the 'upper part ^! 132 of the recess 124 is released, the inertial force drives the lid

against the part 122 of the recess 124 (Fig. 6). The gas-forming active ingredients can now mix. However, because the liquid, gas-forming active ingredient 128 is also subjected to the force of inertia, it is essentially held behind the solid active ingredient (FIG. 6). Therefore, the active ingredients will generally not mix before the projectile touches the animal, as indicated in FIG. When this happens, the inertial force generated upon impact drives the two active ingredients together (Fig. 12). This creates a gas which expels the injectable material from the device (FIG. 13).

Claims (8)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Projectile for the delivery of drugs to animals with a body part receiving the drug, an injection needle arranged at its tip and a triggering means which causes the projectile to be emptied, characterized in that the triggering means consists of an immediately upon firing of the projectile (10, 110 ) actuated propellant (23, 125) , which brings about the combination of several gas-forming substances located in the body part to expel the drug. 2. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that that the propellant from a arranged at the rear end of the projectile needle (23) with a wide head (24), which is created by the air pressure when the projectile is fired is movable in the direction of the projectile tip. 3. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the propellant element consists of a rear End of the projectile mounted cover (125) , which can be moved out of its storage by the force of inertia when the projectile is fired. 4. Projectile according to claim 1 or the following, characterized in that the body part (11, 111) consists of at least two chambers separated by a piston (4, 119) , one of which (25, 121) the drug and the other ( 26, 124) contains at least one gas-forming substance. 5. Projectile according to claim 2, characterized in that the needle (23) in one in the body part (11) insertable cap (18) is mounted, which in turn carries a flight stabilization part (40), which has a recess or bore (16) behind the needle head (24). 6. Projectile according to claim 4, characterized in that the piston (119) has a cavity (122) in which a stepped part (126) of the lid (125) is fitted before the projectile is fired and which serves to hold a gas-forming substance (123), preferably in tablet form. 7. Projectile according to claim 6, characterized in that the piston (119) has ribs (120) on its circumference. 8. Projectile according to claim 1 or the following, characterized in that two gas-forming Substances, preferably different physical states, are provided, one of which is in a capsule (35) which can be pierced by means of the needle (23) is contained. Considered publications:
U.S. Patent No. 2,617,359. 1 sheet of drawings © 009 588/12 8.60