DE1087635B - Telegraphic exchange - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to a message switching system, namely a circuit arrangement for j Establishing and maintaining a telegraph connection, d. H. one of the telegraphic signal transmission connecting path between one that requests the connection via semi-central and central facilities and one that can be connected via these facilities. The uses to transmit signals within the switching system Invention a pulse multiplex system which is already known per se.

It is already known to use pulse multiplex systems for switching purposes. So is z. B. already a Switching system became known, in which each participant a certain channel pulse one Subscriber multiplex is permanently assigned. On "the The channel pulse of a calling subscriber locks into place Pulse of a switching multiplex. The conversion from the participant pulse to the mediation pulse preferably takes place via a demodulation stage. The message is transmitted through the transmission pulse Code lines are fed to the decoder of the called subscriber and from there to the subscriber himself. The opposite direction from the calling subscriber "runs" consistently over the switching pulse, with a local one The message is converted from the code of the called party to the code of the calling party.

It is also known to assign a calling part of ^one contractor because of his call from an the pulses of the multiplexing system containing sum pulse an unused channel pulse and synchronize directly or indirectly required for the construction and for the Aufrechterhaltüng of connecting devices to this channel pulse. .

The invention relates to a circuit arrangement with which the aforementioned allocation method can be carried out particularly easily and quickly for a channel pulse to the subscriber. Here precautions have been taken to ensure that double assignments etc. are suppressed. The circuit arrangement for producing and maintaining a Telegraph connection via semi-central and central facilities, when using at least a pulse multiplex system to the calling subscriber, if necessary, a free channel pulse from one of the pulses of the multiplex system is allocated, is characterized in that the calling subscriber to set up a connection to the dialing signals (keypad dialing pulses) via the channel pulse assigned to it a switch synchronized to this channel pulse transmits that this switch transmits the dialing signals , demodulates and stores and forwards them to a marker in the same pulse phase in parallel output, which has a multiple field valuation

Telegraphic exchange

Applicant:

Siemens & Halske Aktiengesellschaft,

Berlin and Munich,
Munich 2, Wittelsbacherplatz 2

Adolf Badier, Munich,

and Dr.-Ing. Wilhelm Lockemann, Haar near Munich, have been named as inventors

controls that only respond when the dialing signal assigned to them is transferred from the marker to the Multiple field was transmitted, and then in the pulse phase of the calling party through the Dialing signals call certain participants, which synchronizes them to the corresponding channel pulse will.

Further details of the invention and its advantageous embodiment are given below Hand of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. In the figures, a telegraphy exchange is shown as an exemplary embodiment.

1 to 4 show a block diagram of a telegraphic exchange for a general understanding of the invention; " ^:

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate an embodiment of one Subscriber circuit;

7 shows an exemplary embodiment of a connecting chain through which a plurality of; Subscriber circuits with the same call number can be combined to form a free dialing level;

8 and 9 illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a subscriber circuit belonging to a free selection stage; the interaction of the same with the connecting chain can be seen from FIGS. 7 to 9;

Figures 10 to 15 show an embodiment of an intermediary;

Fig. 16 shows an isolation amplifier for the operations of the individual intermediaries;

Figures 17 through 19 illustrate an embodiment of one central marker;

FIGS. 20 and 21 illustrate variants and extensions of the control part of the in FIGS. 17 to 19 shown marker; -ü

009 588/175

22 and 23 show an embodiment of a central number circuit multiple;

Figure 24 illustrates an embodiment of an auto-switching multiplex amplifier;

Fig. 25 shows an embodiment of a central basic generator with automatic switching dar;

Fig. 26 shows an embodiment of a central double-barrel trigger;

27 shows an embodiment of an arrangement for automatic triggering of the name giver the called office;

Fig. 28 shows an embodiment of a circuit arrangement for busy signaling;

29 illustrates an example of a pulse scheme for an arrangement according to the invention, the works with time division of the multiplexes;

30 shows a block diagram showing essential changes in a subscriber circuit in the case of time division the multiplexes emerge;

Fig. 31 shows how the various figures must be put together in groups in order to to result in complete circuit parts.

Putting together FIGS. 1 to 4 according to FIG. 31, a block diagram of a telegraphy exchange is obtained. Using this block diagram, the structure and function of such a system are first presented Mediation explained in its main features. The switching shown can be divided into three assemblies subdivide. The first assembly shown in Figs. 1 and 2 contains the essentially for Facilities serving telex transmission. The second assembly comprises that shown in FIG. 3 switching devices shown and the third subassembly the control devices shown in FIG.

The following facilities are available for telex transmission (FIGS. 1 and 2): A subscriber circuit T is assigned to each subscriber in their own office. Lines that lead to foreign offices are, insofar as they belong to a group with the same call numbers, combined in free dialing levels. A subscriber circuit 7 * is assigned to each line of such a group. By means of a connection chain AK which, in conjunction with the subscriber circuits T ' assigned to it, forms a free selection stage, one of the subscriber circuits T' is made available for establishing a connection. The telex characters are transmitted from the calling to the called subscriber via the forward multiplex on lines 6 and 3, between which the central multiplex amplifier ZMV 4 is located. Teletype character transmission takes place from the called to the calling subscriber via the reverse direction multiplex on lines 4 and 5, between which the central multiplex amplifier ZMF 5 is arranged.

The switching facilities (FIG. 3) consist of the central connection chain ZAK, through which one of the brokers V is made available to the calling subscriber for each new call. The operator V receives the dialing signals of the calling subscriber in series input and outputs them in parallel to the central marker ZMA , which transmits them to an original and an inverting multiple of the central numbering multiple ZNU. Evaluation circuits are connected to the central number circuit multiplexer ZNU , through which the dialing signals are evaluated and the subscriber circuit T or T ″ is controlled.

The control devices (Fig. 4) consist of the central basic generator ZGG, which produces the square-wave voltage controlling the office, as well as devices that are used to form the counting multiplex on line 10, the free multiplex on line 9 and the busy multiplex on line 4 . There is also a central double overrun trigger ZDA

ίο and a central busy signal transmitter ZSG available. The basic mode of operation of the arrangement is as follows: If a subscriber calls, he is assigned the pulse of the free multiplex which follows this point in time on the line 9. The free multiplex contains the still available pulses of the total pulse of the counting multiplex generated by the central basic generator ZGG. If no connection is established in the office or is being established, the free multiplex carries the sum pulse of the counting multiplex. If one of its pulses is now allocated to the calling subscriber as a channel pulse, this pulse is blanked out of the free multiplex after a period and is therefore blocked for allocation to other subscribers. The first pulse of the channel pulse assigned to the calling subscriber triggers a pulse generator in his subscriber circuit T or T ' , which then, controlled by the counting multiplex, generates this pulse. The calling subscriber is now locked onto the channel pulse assigned to him and can now send messages with this pulse to the forward multiplex. During the first pulse of the allocated channel pulse, a still free operator V is provided with the central connection chain ZAK and is also locked onto this pulse. The dialing start characters and the dialing signals of the calling subscriber are now fed to the operator V in series input via his subscriber circuit, the forward multiplex. The operator forwards the selection signals in parallel to the central marker ZMA . In this, each dialing signal is inverted, and all dialing signals are transmitted both in the original position and also inverted in parallel output to the central number circuit multiple ZNU. The selection signals are evaluated there by evaluation circuits. Via the output lines corresponding to the dialing signals, the subscriber circuit of the called subscriber is prepared so that the pulse generator of the called subscriber is triggered by a pulse from the channel pulse assigned to the calling subscriber. This now also generates this pulse, whereby the called subscriber is also locked onto this channel pulse. This establishes the connection and the switching devices switch themselves off because they are no longer required. Calling and called subscribers can now exchange their messages via the channel pulse assigned to them, the connection from the calling to the called subscriber via the forward multiplex and the connection from the called to the calling subscriber via the reverse multiplex.

The devices shown as block diagrams in the overview circuit diagram in FIGS. 1 to 4 can be designed in different ways. Embodiments of these devices are shown below Hand detailed circuit arrangements explained in more detail. The circuit arrangements are again into those already explained in the overview circuit diagram

Subdivided groups and within each of these groups the spans which fall off at the screen grid current so structured that it is not sufficient with the only symbolic voltage there to match the facilities shown in the first grid of the tube. Unlock R2 . Will be the third grid of the tube

In Fig. 5 and 6, the circuit arrangement of a Rl is positive during a pulse cycle, so is represented by the subscriber circuit T. To each participant 5 the next following, via the line 9 to the first of the office, such a participant circuit is pulling grid of this tube fed impulse of the free order. The mode of operation of such a circuit multiplexes the tube Rl conductive, and it flows in it depends on whether the subscriber himself calls during this positive pulse or whether he is anode current via the switching equipment. Will call through the additional anode current. As a result, the subscriber circuit has a greater voltage level at the resistor WI , which only drops in function than occurs with the screen grid current when the subscriber calls himself; furthermore, only the case, and the potential of the cathode, they have switching means that only come into operation when the tube R1 is increased so much that this potential of the subscriber is called, and further are still tial via the coupling capacitor C 3 on the Switching means present, which enters the tube R2 regardless of whether it is 15 first grid. As a result, a calling or called subscriber will conduct this tube, since at this point in time the third party will be effective. Grid there is no blocking potential.

First of all, it is assumed that the subscriber who is closed to the potential of the third grid of the tube R2 is a calling subscriber through the subscriber formed from the tubes R 4 and R 5. The switch controlled in its subscriber circuit 20, which also controls the start counting gate, are subsequently released and the marked busy gate. As already explained in more detail. is ringing, the subscriber switch is in the rest position

After the end of a connection, each division makes the tube R 5 conductive and consequently the tube receiver circuit is brought into the rest position. Locked to i? 4. At the anode resistance WZ of the tube are for this purpose, as further below detailed 25 R 4, therefore, there occurs no voltage drop, thereby, loaned explained, all as mentioned above, so by a reset switch on the third grid of the tube R 2 flip-flops of the subscriber circuit impressive - there is no blocking potential. Since the tube R 5 is conductive, the tubes R 5, R7, R9, RYl, i? 20, R23 , a voltage drop occurs at its anode resistor W4 and the tubes R 11, R13, R15 (not shown) voltage drop, and thus lies on the third grid which are conductive. In this rest position, the partial tube R 3 calls up blocking potential. Is now the tube R 2 by acceptor. The subscriber circuit, the individual circuit elements of which the anode current lei starting in the tube Rl are outlined in dashed lines in FIG. 5, so occurs at their cathode resistance remains the same as before. It contains a voltage drop in itself W5. As is known, the A and 5 relays are connected to the cathode. This creates a positive potential via the Kondena wire and the & -Ader2 is the subscriber's own 35 sator C 4 coupled to the first grid of the tube R 4 connecting circuit with the office's own members of the. The tube R 4 is thereby conductive and the subscriber circuit T is connected. If the subscriber now calls their anode resistor W3 , the α-wire 1 becomes positive, as is known. Voltage drop causes a blocking potential at Thereby, via the rectifier G1 of the condensate third grid of the tube R 2. is charged in known sator C1, and a positive pulse reaches 40, the tube R is blocked 5, after the via capacitor C 2 on the resistance Wl tube i? 4 becomes conductive, so that on its anode and on the third grid of the tube Rl. The scarf. resistance WA. no more voltage drop occurs, the processing arrangement is now dimensioned such that - this Im - as a result of which there is no longer a pulse on the third grid of the tube R 3, at least for the duration of a complete blocking potential. The blocking of the pulse period is effective. This ensures that tube R2 is passed through the capacitor C5 at least one of the total within one pulse period, so that the conductivity of this tube decreases moderately slowly in relation to the line 9 to the first grid of the tube R1. In the same way, the applied pulse of the free multiplex is slowed down during the conduction of the tube R 3 by the capacitor. For the execution 50 RZ ₁ controlled by the anode potential of the tube R5 , for example, it is assumed that a pulse period increases gradually. This prevents 64 individual pulses from being present. A maximum of 64 connections can be made at the same time after a pulse has taken effect on the first grid. of the tube R2 the subsequent switching of the. Assuming that 63 connections from tube R 2 to tube R 3 are already switched off, the free multiplex contains only 55 would result in a double pulse leading to the counting gate, a free pulse. As has already been explained, the tube R2 in the tube R 1 will certainly conduct an anode current as soon as the tube R1 creates for the duration of the over, the third grid of this tube must min- the line 9 «incoming positive Pulse at least for the duration of a pulse period, as above leads to anode current. Your anode current causes the wrote to be prepared. 60 Switching of the start counter switch Ri, R5 Before a call, i.e. when the office's own and also the occurrence of a pulse on the members of the subscriber circuit T are in the rest position secondary side of the in the anode line of the tube R2 , with every positive pulse that over lying transformer U2. This impulse is pulled via the line 9 to the first grid of the tube Rl - the line 20 and the rectifier G 4 that guides the gate, in this tube only screen grid current. 65 circuit ET 3 is supplied and is the first to arrive. This screen grid current generates a voltage drop at the cathode pulse via the switching device resistance W2 of this tube, which is described below. on the forward multiplex. It is used to synchronize the cathode potential of the tube Al via a mediator on this pulse phase to synchronize the capacitor C 3 on the first grid of the tube R 2 . At the anode there was resistance W 6, which is coupled to the tubes. The resistor W2 is dimensioned so that "70 R2 and R3 are common, and there is also a negative

tive impulse. This is differentiated by the capacitor CT and the rectifier 3 and the G i to? 17 existing counter supplied via the coupling capacitor C8 of the R 6 tubes of which the tubes are not drawn to R 10 to R 15 °. The resulting positive differentiation voltages are derived via the rectifier G 3. After this first pulse, the tube R2 is blocked again; however, the RZ tube is now conductive. The square-wave voltages of the counting multiplex are constantly on the first grid of the tube R3 via the line IQ. so that now constantly negative pulses occur at the anode resistance JV6, which, as previously explained, fed after their differentiation to the payer R 6 to R 17th

In addition to tubes R2 and RZ , tubes R 4 and R 5 of the start counter switch also control tubes RTA and i? 25. If the subscriber circuit is in the rest position, i.e. the tube R 5 is conductive, then due to the voltage drop occurring at the resistor Wi over the line 24 there is such a potential at the first grid of the tube R 25 of the occupied gate that this is limited by the amplitude occurring on the line 7 Impulse can be made non-conductive. At the same time there is a potential such that via the line 23 on the first grid of the tube R 24 of the marking gate, since there is no voltage drop across the anode resistor WZ. this tube is made conductive by the impulses appearing on the line 7. If the tube R 4 is conductive as a result of a call and the tube R 5 is blocked, the potentials at the grids of the tubes i? 24 and i? 25 change accordingly.

The counter i? 6 to 2? 17 is constructed in a manner known per se from bistable multivibrators. Since, according to the prerequisite, the counter has a counting interval of. To have 64 pulses, there are six flip-flops consisting of the tubes R6, Rl, R8 * R9 etc. to RlQ, RY7 . As already explained, in the rest position of the subscriber circuit and thus also in the rest position of the counter, the right-hand systems of the flip-flop circuits, i.e. the tubes R 7, R9, RIl, RlZ, R15 and R 17, are conductive. The first negative pulse supplied by the tube R2 is fed to the first flip-flop which consists of the tubes R6 and R7. This negative pulse has the effect, in a manner known per se, that the tube R 7 is blocked and the tube R 6 becomes conductive. In detail, this process proceeds as follows: Since the tube R 7 is conductive in the rest position of the counter, a potential lower than the anode potential of a blocked tube is present at its anode due to the potential falling at the andden resistor, which is not described in detail. As a result, the rectifier G 24 is blocked. The rectifier G 23 is then correspondingly conductive, since it is connected to the high anode potential of the tube R 6 . If the previously mentioned negative pulse is now given to the two rectifiers G 23 and G 24 via the capacitor C 8, the lowering of the potential of the anode of the tube R 7 causes a current to flow only via the rectifier G 23, which is the anode potential of the Tube R 6 lowers significantly. Since the control grid of the tube R7 to the anode of tube R 6 is connected, causing those caused by the negative control pulse potential reduction in the anode of the tube R6 just such a potential lowering of the control grid of the tube R7, whereby the latter is locked. Due to this blocking, the anode potential of the tube R7 ;, and since the .Steuergitter the tube R6 to the anode of the tube R7 increased ties in, and the control grid of the tube 726 is so strongly positive, that now the tube conductively R 6 will. By making the tube J? 6, the anode potential is lowered so much that there is now a safely blocking potential on the control grid of the tube R7. Thus, the flip-flop is switched from the rest position, in which the tube R 7 is conductive, into the counting position, in which the tube R 6 carries current.

Depending on this, the rectifier G 23 is now blocked, while the rectifier G 24 is conductive. The next negative pulse generated by the tube R 3 and occurring at the rectifiers G 23 and G 24 has the effect, analogous to what has already been described, that the now conductive tube R 6 is blocked and the tube R 7 becomes conductive again. The negative voltage jump that occurs at the anode of tube R 7 and causes tube R 6 to block is differentiated by an unspecified coupling capacitor and sent to the two input rectifiers of the multivibrator circuit consisting of tubes R 8 and 9. As a result, at the same time as the tube R6 is blocked, the tube R 9 is blocked so that both the tube R 7 and the tube R 8 are conductive. The flip-flop circuit consisting of the tubes R6 and R7 is now switched back to the counting position by the next negative pulse supplied by the tube R 3 and to the rest position again by the next subsequent pulse. When it again tumbles into the rest position, a negative pulse is again given to the input rectifier of the flip-flop circuit consisting of the tubes R 8 and R9. Since it is in the counting position, this tilts back into the rest position and in turn sends a negative pulse to the input rectifier of the next following, not shown, trigger circuit of the counter. What has been said above applies in the same way to the other flip-flops. Assuming that the last toggle switch of the counter was switched to the counting position by a pulse from the previous toggle switch, i.e. tube R16 is conducting, the next pulse that occurs at the input rectifiers of this toggle switch switches this toggle switch back to the rest position. The potential increase occurring at its anode when the tube R 16 is blocked serves not only to make the tube R 17 conductive, but also to generate a positive pulse on the line 21, the capacitor C 9 and the resistor W7 to give the third grid of the tube R 18.

The pulses of the counting multiplex supplied via the line 10 are constantly on the first grid of the tube R 18 via the line 25. Since the counter is also incremented by these pulses via the counting gate 3, the pulse supplied by the tube R 17 to the third grid of the tube R 18 coincides with a pulse of the counting multiplex, so that the tube R18 is conductive for the duration of this pulse will. This always takes place after a counting interval of the counter, e.g. B. after 2 ⁶ = 64 pulses of the tube R 3. Since the winding UZl of the transformer U 3 is in the anode line of the tube R 18, the conduction of this tube causes a positive pulse on the winding U 32 of the transformer UZ. This positive pulse reaches the rectifier G 5 of the decoupling gate ETZ, which makes it conductive.

The output of the decoupling gate ETZ is both at the rectifier G10 of the gate circuit T1 and also at the rectifier G13 of the gate circuit T 2 as

9 10

also kept conductive at the rectifier G 17 of the gate circuit T 3 and circuit T 2, so that this too

At the same time, the gate circuit is also blocked on the rectifier G 20 for the calling subscriber

tungT4. If one of the rectifiers G 4 or remains.

G 5 a positive pulse occurs as described above, because the rectifier G15 at the calling subscriber

in this way, the transmit / receive switch is also constantly activated at the output of the ET3 5 decoupling gate.

a positive pulse, which blocks the rectifier and the rectifier G 17, as already

GlO., G13, G17 and G 20 are blocked. * purifies, via the decoupling gate ET 3 in time with the

The tubes consisting of R 19 and R 20 transmitting the calling party allocated pulse during

Reception switch, which in turn locks a bistable of the occurrence of the individual impulses,

If the io is called, the gate circuit T 3 is able to use the equalization

Participant in the rest position, i.e., the tube judge G to emit 6 output pulses when on the

R20 is conductive and tube R 19 is blocked. Since line 5 of the reverse direction multiplex in the dem

at the anode resistance of the tube R19, accordingly, the calling subscriber assigned pulse phase pulses

no voltage drop occurs, is due to occur at the anode. For each such on line 5

this tube has a positive potential. The gate circuit T3 then transfers the potential of the impulse that occurs

The anode of the tube R 19 is also connected to the rectifier G15 and the rectifier G 6 of the decoupling gate ET 2

the gate circuit T 3 and at the rectifier G11 of the line 17 an output pulse to the first

Gate circuit Tl, whereby these two rectifiers, grid of the tube R 28 from.

if the tube 'R 19 is blocked, also blocked The tubes R 27 and R 28 are in the form of an on. For a calling subscriber, these two known monostable multivibrator rectifiers are therefore basically blocked. The synchronized. This flip-flop is used for the demo device G 9 of the gate circuit Π is from the call to lation of the supplied via the decoupling gate ET 2 via the line 1 at positive potential. This gives impulses. Is in the rest position the operation of a rectifier is also banned this, so that the gate corresponding monostable multivibrator, the tube 'Tl circuitry via the rectifier 23 in each G 35 blocked R28 and R27 tube conducting. If the positive impulses supplied via the decoupling gate ET 3 arrive from the decoupling gate ET 2, the above-mentioned tive impulses, through which the rectifier G10 positive impulses on the first grid of the tube R 28, are blocked for the duration of these impulses, then this becomes conductive . Your anode potential drops, positive output pulse is emitted on line 3 of the front and via the between the anode of the tube i? 28 and the back multiplex. The calling subscriber has the possibility of a capacitor lying in the grid of the tube R 27, a negative pulse arrives at the first grid gate circuit via the line 1 and the C 10 Π his teletype dialing signals on the tube R 27. This blocks it, what to give to line 3 of the forward multiplex. If the result is that its anode potential rises and the potential on line 1 is positive, if the voltage divider (not shown in more detail) is the first in the isolating current state, then the gate Tl, since the grid of the tube R 28 is still held positive, then the rectifiers G 9 and GIl permanently blocked. This state remains until the block, when the rectifier G10 is blocked, a positive capacitor C 10 via the grid leakage resistance of the tive pulse on line 3. The rectifier tube R 27 and via the internal resistance of the tube GlO is, as described, discharged through the decoupling R28. After it has been discharged, the lungstorliT3 is controlled. Since the tube R27 is again conductive, its anode potential becomes the assigned pulse, the first pulse of which is thereby reduced and the control grid of the tube R 2 via the transformer U 2 and the tube R 28 is blocked. The mono-stable multivibrator rectifier G 4 and its further pulses through has thus returned to its rest position and if the counter is supplied via the pulse gate R 18 and the rectifier again only by the next via the decoupling rectifier G 5, the rectifier 45 is tor ET 2 incoming impulse, as previously described, G10 brought into effect in the cycle of the assigned to the calling subscriber. The time constant of the coupling channel pulse is blocked. This occurs on the line 3, the first grid of the tube R 27 is through the positive capacitor C10 when the line 1 has an isolating current state and through the grid bleitwider tive pulses at the rate of the calling subscriber was the tube R27 so dimensioned that the tube i? 27 allocated channel pulse. If the line 1 leads to it being blocked for a little less than a pulse period. On the other hand, zero potential or negative potential, which is located by converts the small direct current value, which the Imsie carries in the symbol current state, so the pulses remain in them, into a large one. Pulses controlling the rectifier G10 - the anode line of the tube R 28, the relay B 'is loose, since the rectifier G 9 is then not blocked. switched on. If one of the mentioned Im-Wie makes known that a gate circuit gives the 55 pulses shown the tube i? 28 conductive, then an output pulse is only emitted by the type if the relay B 'is energized along with the anode current flowing. As a result, the rectifier of the gate inputs are blocked. the above-mentioned dimensioning of the monostable

As can be seen from the basic circuit diagram in Fig. 1 to 4 of the flip-flop, the tube R 28 remains conductive until shortly before the arrival of the next pulse of the pulse period via a central multiplex amplifier ZMV 4 with 60 and thus holds the relay B ' connected to line 6 of the forward multiplex for this time. That stirs. The relay B ' is dimensioned so that during the pause given by the calling subscriber to the line 3 until the arrival of the next positive pulse, it also occurs on the line 6 of the pre-pulse, in which the tube R 28 is blocked and that upward multiplexing. Although relay is not energized by these pulses, it does not drop out. The relay B ' the rectifier G19 is locked, the gate 65 can be locked to avoid additional distortion circuit T 4 with a calling party, a z. B. compensated with a second winding because, as already explained, the tube R 20 of the transmission telegraph relay. If the relay B 'is energized, the receiving switch is conductive and the positive potential due to its contact b' remains open via the rectifier G18. Put through the pipe _ line 2 to the subscriber relay B. If the i? 20, the rectifier G14 of the gate 70 relay B ^{f is also} not energized, the contact b '

negative potential applied to line 2. The signals represented by the pulses appearing on line 5 are thus converted into single-current characters in the demodulator and transmitted to line 2 as double- current characters via relay B '.

By means of the transmit / receive switch, the first grid of the tube R 21 is constantly positively biased at the calling subscriber, since his tube R 19 is non-conductive. If the tube R 18 now carries anode current, as explained above, the winding £ 732 of the transformer (73 in the cycle of the channel pulse phase assigned to the calling subscriber supplies positive square pulses to the third grid of the tube R 21 conductive and leads anode current. this positive via the transformer U 4 pulses in the phase of the subscriber on the lines 11 and 12 are given. the first of these positive pulses appear until a pulse period after the successful phase assigning on lines 11 and 12. the on Line 11 occurring pulses are used to blank the relevant channel pulse now assigned to the calling subscriber on the free multiplex. The blanking of this pulse on the free multiplex is only carried out by the calling subscriber, so that the central double overrun trigger ZO A is able to allocate to prevent a pulse phase to two subscribers who call almost at the same time In such a case, r gives both calling subscribers the busy signal. The central double overrun trigger is controlled by the positive pulses appearing on line 12. The blanking of an allocated pulse begins one pulse period later than the allocation takes place, so that a new pulse phase appears on the character multiplex for the duration of a pulse period and this has not yet been blanked on the free multiplex. This gives free intermediaries the opportunity to run into this new pulse phase. The blanking of the pulse phase on the free multiplex as well as the mode of action of the central Doppelauf running trigger and the accrual of the agent on a new pulse phase are explained in detail below. As explained above, when the subscriber circuit is in the rest position, the tube R 1 conducts screen grid current when each positive pulse supplied via the line 9 occurs. As a result, a negative potential is applied to the first grid of the tube R 30 'of the busy signal trigger via the transformer U1 and via the rectifier G 26 and the resistor WS. This negative potential is maintained by the capacitor C 11 until the occurrence of the next pulse on the line 9, so that the tube R 30 remains blocked with certainty. Since, as already explained in more detail above, the pulse phase assigned to the calling subscriber is blanked after a pulse period after the phase assignment has taken place, i.e. no longer occurs on line 9, the blocking of tube R 30 would thus be lifted if there was no longer a free pulse phase were. For this reason, after a pulse period has elapsed after the phase allocation has taken place, the tube R 30 is now held blocked by the tube R 18 via the winding t / 33 of the transformer U3, the lines 26 and 27, the rectifier G27 and the resistor W9. The capacitor C 12 in turn serves to maintain the reverse voltage occurring with each pulse supplied by the transformer 73 until the occurrence of the next pulse supplied by the transformer US.

If a subscriber calls and all available channel pulses of the sum pulse have already been assigned to other subscribers, then, since no pulses appear on the line 9 at the first grid of the tube R 1, this tube is kept blocked. Neither the transformer U 1 nor the transformer

- U3 can thereby deliver blocking impulses to the R 30 tube. On the first grid of this tube, rather, one occurs from the capacitor Cl via the

ίο Resistance W 10 supplied potential that the tube carries i? 30 anode current. The rectifier G 25 limits this potential to 0 V. As a result, the anode voltage of the tube R 30 drops, and a negative pulse occurs on the first grid of the tube R 23 via the line 28, the rectifier G 28 and the differentiating capacitor C 13, whereby this is blocked and kept blocked by the tube i? 22, which now becomes conductive in a known manner. This has the consequence that the rectifier G 21 of the gate circuit T 5 is blocked.

The busy signal is continuously fed to the rectifier G 22 via the line 13. The busy signal consists of a periodic voltage change with a negative potential of 200 ms and then a positive potential for 200 ms. During the positive potential, the rectifier G 22 is blocked, and since the rectifier G 21 is also blocked, the gate circuit T 5 supplies positive potential to the first grid of the tube R 28 via the rectifier G 8 of the decoupling gate ET2 controls the relay B ' in the manner described above, whereby the busy signal occurs on the line 2. This informs the subscriber that the entire exchange is busy.

After the operation of a subscriber circuit has been described above, if the same one is assigned to the calling subscriber, the subscriber circuit assigned to a called subscriber is subsequently assigned described in more detail.

If a subscriber is called, a positive pulse occurs simultaneously on the lines 7 and 8 of the central numbering multiple ZNU assigned to this subscriber. The pulse appearing on line 8 reaches the third grids of tubes R24 and R25. If the called subscriber is not busy, then, as already explained, there is a constant potential at the first grid of the tubes R 24 of the marking gate that the positive, even amplitude-limited pulse, the tube R 24 during the duration of this Impulse can become conductive. The first grid of the busy gate R25 , however, has such a potential that the positive pulse of the line 7 can make this tube non-conductive. The transformer C / 5 thereby delivers a positive pulse to the control grid of the tube R 19, which makes it conductive and the previously conductive tube R 20 is blocked. The transmit / receive switch is thus switched to the position of called subscriber, ie tube R 19 is conductive. At the same time, however, the transformer i / 5 still emits a positive pulse which is transmitted via line 19,. the rectifier G2 of the decoupling gate ETl and the capacitor C 3 causes a positive potential at the first grid of the tube R2. This start impulse acts in exactly the same way as the impulse that occurs when a calling subscriber calls via the cathode resistor W2 of the tube R1 and via the capacitor C 3 on the first grid of the tube i? 2. The switching of the tube consisting of the tubes i? 4 and R 5 triggered by this pulse

1 087 b

Start counter switch and the first stage of the counter, consisting of tubes R6 and R7, are carried out in the same way as already described for the calling subscriber and need not be explained in more detail again. Since the pulses occurring in lines 7 and 8 occur in the channel pulse phase of the calling subscriber and thus also start the called subscriber's counter in this pulse phase, pulses occur on the decoupling current ET 3 of the called subscriber in the pulse phase of the channel pulse assigned to the calling subscriber. The called subscriber is thus locked into the channel pulse phase assigned to the calling subscriber.

With each of the impulses occurring at the decoupling gate ET 3, the rectifiers G10, G13, G17 and G 20 are also blocked for the called subscriber for the duration of these impulses. Since the tube R 19 of the transmit / receive switch is now conductive, the rectifiers G15 and GIl remain permeable so that the gates Tl and T 3 are not able to emit output pulses. On the other hand, however, since the tube R 20 is non-conductive, the rectifiers G14 and G18 are always blocked. If a positive potential occurs on line 1, the rectifier G12 of the gate circuit Γ 2 is blocked, and the gate circuit Γ 2 delivers positive pulses via the rectifier G 24 to the line 4 of the reverse direction multiplex when the rectifier G13 is also blocked. If, as already explained for the calling subscriber, pulses occur on line 6 of the forward multiplex in the channel pulse phase now allocated to the calling and called subscriber, the rectifier G19 is blocked during the duration of these pulses, and since the rectifier G18 is constantly blocked and the rectifier G 20 is also blocked by the pulse of the same pulse phase, the gate circuit Γ 4 outputs positive pulses to the first grid of the tube R 28 via the rectifier G 7 of the decoupling gate ET 2 in time with the pulses occurring on the line 6 . These impulses are, as already described for the calling subscriber. demodulated and transmitted to line 2 in the form of double-stream characters. The called subscriber is thereby able to deliver messages on the line 4 of the reverse direction multiplex via the gate circuit T2 and to receive messages from the line 6 of the forward multiplex via the gate circuit T 4.

The connection between the calling and called subscriber is thus established. The calling subscriber transmits his messages over line 3 * of the forward multiplex, the central multiplex amplifier ZMV 4 and over line 6 of the forward multiplex to the called subscriber. The called subscriber transmits his messages via line 4 of the reverse direction multiplex, the central multiplex amplifier ZMV5 ' and via line 5 of the reverse direction multiplex to the calling subscriber.

If the called subscriber is busy, is located on the first grid of the tube R 24, as already described, such a potential that this tube can be non-conductive, further comprising the first grid of the tube R 25 is prepared so that this tube the through on Lines 7 and 8 occurring positive pulses can be conductive. During the duration of these pulses, the occupied gate, ie the tube R 25, carries anode current, and the transformer U 6 gives one

positive pulse via line 15 to a central busy multiplex to be explained in more detail later. The central busy multiplex delivers the pulses fed to it on line 15 via line 14 to the third grid of tube R 26, which represents a phase gate. The pulses occurring at the output of the decoupling gate ET 3, which, as already explained, represent the pulse assigned to the calling subscriber, are fed to the first grid of the tube R 26 and cause the same pulse to be fed to the third grid of this tube via the line 14 , a conduction of this tube. When the called subscriber is busy, the phase gate R 26 carries anode current during a pulse of the channel pulse assigned to the calling subscriber. The reason why the pulse of the channel pulse assigned to the calling subscriber only occurs once is described below for the operator. The negative pulse thus occurring at the anode of the tube R 26 is fed to the control grid of the tube R 22 via the rectifier G 29 and the differentiating capacitor C 14. The tube R 22 is already blocked, so that this pulse initially has no effect and only the positive trailing edge of this pulse makes the tube R 22 conductive, whereby the tube R 23 is blocked, that is, the busy signal gate switch is switched. Via the gate Γ 5, the busy signals delivered via the line 13, as already explained above, reach the first grid of the tube i? 28 of the demodulator of the calling subscriber via the rectifier G 8 of the decoupling gate ET 2, so that the calling subscriber can use the line 2 receives the busy signal.

As already described, when a subscriber calls, a positive potential occurs on his line 1, as a result of which the capacitor C1 is charged via the rectifier G1. This causes positive potential to reach the first grid of tube R 29 of the reset switch, making it conductive.The primary winding of transformer U 7 in the anode line of tube R 29 is short-circuited by rectifier G 30, so that when tube R 29 becomes conductive no negative pulse occurs on the secondary side of the transformer U 7. The capacitor C1 is dimensioned in such a way that the tube 29 retains its conductivity during the entire operation. After the connection is terminated, a negative potential occurs on line 1 of the calling subscriber; as a result, the capacitor C1 discharges, the tube R 29 loses its conductivity, and a positive pulse occurs on the secondary winding of the transformer U 7. This positive pulse arrives via the line 18, the rectifier G 31 on the resistor PFIl in the reset channel of the subscriber circuit. The voltage drop occurring at the resistor W 11 applies positive potential via the line 22 to the first grid of the tubes R7, RQ ₁ RIl, i-13, .R15 and i-17 of the meter, making them conductive, which, as already explained , is the home position of the counter. In addition, positive potential is applied via the rectifier G 32 to the first grid of the tube R 5 of the start-counter gate switch, whereby this is also brought into its basic position as a result of this tube becoming conductive. Furthermore, this positive potential is applied via the rectifier G 33 to the first grid of the tube RZO of the transmit / receive switch and via the rectifier G34 to the first grid of the tube R 23 of the busy signal gate switch, which means that these tubes are also conductive

and the said changeover switches are brought into their basic position. This is the entire subscriber circuit back in their basic position and prepared for a new call.

Essentially the same applies to the subscriber circuit of the called subscriber. After the subscriber has been called, a positive potential also occurs on line 1 of his subscriber circuit, as a result of which the tube R 29 becomes conductive. After termination of the connection, as explained with the calling subscriber, negative potential occurs on line 1 of the subscriber circuit, whereby the tube R29 of his subscriber circuit is also blocked and his subscriber circuit is also brought into the basic position.

If the supply voltages fail in the office, the subscriber circuits should also be brought into the basic position using the reset switch. For this purpose, the line 16 is connected to the first grid of the tube R 29 via the capacitor C 15. If the supply voltage fails, such a potential is applied to the first grid of the tube R29 via the line 16 that the reset switch brings the subscriber circuit into its basic position in the manner previously described. Appropriately, a threshold evaluator, not shown, when the supply voltage of the office occurs again, via a pulse-shaping circuit, also not shown, a single positive pulse on line 16, which actuates the reset switch via capacitor C 15.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, lines that lead to other offices and have the same call number are combined into so-called free selection levels. Each line to another office ends with a subscriber circuit T '. The subscriber circuits T 'of a free selection stage are called from their own office via a connection chain AK . A subscriber circuit T and the circuit of a connection chain AK are described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9.

8 and 9 show the circuit arrangement of a subscriber circuit T '. Essential parts of this circuit arrangement correspond to the circuit arrangement of a subscriber circuit T shown in FIGS. These parts are provided with the same reference numerals in FIGS. 8 and 9. Unless expressly mentioned below, the mode of operation of these parts of the subscriber circuit T 'is the same as that already explained for the subscriber circuit T.

Lines 1 and 2 lead to the remote office. If the subscriber circuit T 'is called from there, a positive potential occurs on the line 1, which leads to the third grid of the tube Rl via the rectifier G 1 and the capacitor Cl as well as the capacitor C 2 and the resistor Wl a positive pulse arrives. This process corresponds exactly to that already described for the subscriber circuit T. The consequence of this is that the start counting gate switch consisting of tubes R 4 and R 5 is switched over, as a result of which the subscriber circuit T 'is locked onto the next free pulse of the free multiplex that appears on line 9 on the first grid of the tube Rl and then the pulses occurring on the line 10 on the first grid of the tube R 3 advance the counter consisting of the tubes R 6 to RYl and via the impulse gate R1%, as already explained, the other circuit parts in time with this Bring the pulse into effect, that is, via the pulse gate R 21, the phase allocated to this subscriber circuit T ' on the free multiplex lex and the gates T1 to TA in the manner already explained for the subscriber circuit T. All switching functions that are triggered by a call from the remote office are exactly the same as they have already been explained for a subscriber circuit T when this is called by the subscriber assigned to it.

In addition to the tube R1 , the subscriber circuit T ' can also be synchronized to a channel pulse of the sum pulse of the character multiplex via the gate circuit T 6, which consists of the rectifiers G 35 and G 36. The tube Rl and the gate circuit T 6 form the two inputs of the decoupling gate ETl. Does the gate circuit T 6, as explained in more detail below, give a positive pulse to the first grid of the tube J via the rectifier G 37? 2, this pulse has the same effect as the pulse that occurs when a subscriber calls over the line 1 at the cathode resistor W2 of the tube R1 , ie the subscriber circuit T ' locks onto this pulse. The gate circuit T 6 forms the input of the subscriber circuit T ' controlled by the connection chain AK.

Each subscriber circuit T ' has a tube R31. When the subscriber circuit T ' in question is occupied, this tube is prepared by the tube R 5 on its third grid so that a positive pulse occurring on the first grid of this tube via the decoupling gate ETA consisting of the rectifiers G 38 and G 39 conducts it can be. In the case of an unoccupied circuit T ', however, the third grid of the tube R 31 is blocked by the tube i? 5, so that an impulse occurring at the first grid of the tube i? 31 has no effect. As will be described in detail later, the tubes R 31 are interconnected to form a ring. If such a tube becomes conductive, a positive pulse occurs on the line 29 via the transformer U8 located in its anode line. This line leads to line 30 of the next subscriber circuit T '. Assuming that 'such a pulse is occurred on the line 29 and on line 30 the subscriber circuit T shown in Fig. 7 to 9, so passes this via the rectifier G 39 on the first grid of the pipes R 31 is If this subscriber circuit is already occupied, the tube R31 is, as already explained, prepared on the third grid, and the occurrence of this pulse on the first grid causes this tube to become conductive and thus the occurrence of a pulse on line 29 leading to line 30 of the im Ring next following subscriber circuit T ' leads. However, if the subscriber circuit is still free, the tube R 31 on the third grid is blocked and the impulse occurring on the first grid remains ineffective. In the case of an unoccupied subscriber circuit T ' , the tubes}? 4 is blocked, and their anode potential is via the line 31 on the first grid of the connection tube BZ.RI assigned to it of the connection chain AK. The pulse occurring on the line 30 arrives not only via the rectifier G 39 to the first grid of the tube R 31 but also via the rectifier G 38 of the decoupling gate ET 5 to the second grid of the connection tube BZ.R I. This becomes conductive because it is over the line 31 is prepared on the first grid. The positive potential occurring at its cathode resistor W 12 reaches the rectifier G 36 via the line 32

of the gate T 6 and locks it. Thus, the gate circuit T 6 is prepared so that if a positive pulse occurs from the connection chain via the line 51 in the manner described below, which blocks the rectifier G 35, a positive pulse on the first grid of the tube via the rectifier G 37 R2 occurs.

If all subscriber circuits T 'of the relevant number are already busy, the

pulses on. These pulses cause the tube RS1 to become conductive, as a result of which a positive pulse is given to the line 51 via the transmitter [/ 51]. This positive pulse blocks the rectifier G35 of the gate circuit T6 of that subscriber circuit which is prepared by its connection tube, for example i? L, in the manner described above. Since only one of the subscriber circuits T ' can be prepared for a call, the remains on the

in each subscriber circuit existing tube R 32 io line 51 occurring pulse triggered for the not prepared busy signal. subscriber circuits ineffective.

If a subscriber circuit is synchronized to this pulse by a pulse appearing on the line 51, this is applied to the resistor WS

If there are still free subscriber circuits T ' available in a free selection stage, tube R 54 is the flip-flop consisting of tubes R 54 and R 55

Subscriber circuit, as already explained, a positive 15 circuit conductive. If, however, all participant tive impulses occur which are occupied via the capacitor C 4 circuits T ', then appears as explained above

is passed to the first grid of the tube R 4 and makes it conductive. This increases the anode potential at tube R 5 and instantly switches it

tert, on line 33 a positive pulse. This positive pulse passes through the capacitor C 51 to the first grid of the tube R 55, causing this third grid of the tube R 31 to be OV. The one at the resisting 20 and the tube R 54 is blocked. This results in W 5 tapped positive pulse but the anode potential of tube R 54 is positive. This also via the rectifier G 38 of the decoupling positive potential passes through the delay gate ET 4 to the first grid of the tube R 31, line FLl to the third grid of the tube R 53 and making it conductive and on the line 29 directly to the third Lattice of the tube .R 52. As am causes a positive impulse. This impulse 25 is still the first grid of the tube R 52 on the

runs through, as previously explained, over all tubes R 31 of the subscriber circuit the entire ring in which these tubes are connected until it encounters a subscriber circuit that is not busy, whose

Line 5 is the prevailing positive potential, this tube becomes conductive, and via the transformer U 52, a positive pulse reaches the line 52. The line 52 leads to the rectifiers G 39 of the decoupling

? Is therefore 31 locked on the third grid Röhrei Is 30 development goals ET 5 all · Anschaltröhren RI, RII now none of the subscriber circuits more free, _& c. About the rectifier G reaches 39 occurring at the meet the above-mentioned pulse after passing through the line 52 positive impulse to the second entire ring via the lines 29 and 30 as well as the grid of the connection tubes and, in the meantime, causes the connection via the rectifier G 39 to return to the first grid of the connection tubes in the meantime via the unfortunately tube R 31. The transit time which this pulse 35 received tang 31 at the first grid of positive potential required to traverse the ring once will make this tube conductive. If one of these tubes becomes conductive due to the bandwidth and the number of steps in the ring, it sinks, since all connection tubes are determined. During this time, the common anode resistance WIl and the capacitor C6 will have W 51 via the line 53, the anode voltage of this tube formed the third grid of the tube R 32 so 40 briefly, making a negative one Pulse 'prepared that the is released via the decoupling gate ET 4, the impulse arriving after passing through the ring via the rectifier G 52 reaches the first grid of the tube R 55 and this tube also occurs on the first grid of the tube R 32, this locks. The tube R 54 thereby becomes conductive, and that makes it conductive. As a result, the anode potential of this tube drops over the transformer U 9 , whereby the rectifier G 40 on the line 33 a 45 third grid of the tubes R 52 is blocked, which leads to

positive pulse, which continues in the connection chain triggers the switching functions explained in detail below.

In FIG. 7, the circuit arrangement is such that the transmission of the interrogation pulse via the line 52 to the decoupling gates ET 5 is interrupted. At the same time, the transmitted via the delay line VL 2 is thereby. Impulse loading

switching chain shown. This consists of a control 50 ends, and that of this delay line to the and a connection part. In the connection part there are impulses supplied for each grid of the tube R 53, we-subscriber circuit T'- there is one coincidence current gate RI, RII etc. in front of the relevant free selection stage

act. The connection tubes are endless

unsuccessful, since with the drop in the anode voltage of the tube R 54, the third grid of the tube R 53 was immediately blocked by the rectifier G 53. The ring is switched and, similar to the counting 55 delay line VL 2 causes a delay, chains, a common anode resistance and depending on the maximum ignition delay that occurs, the

Being blocked via the transformer

Tube a cathode capacitor. This circuit achieves that. only one of these connection tubes can be conductive and that, if one of these tubes becomes conductive, the tube of this ring that has been conductive up to this point in time is blocked. Since the entrance gates T 6 of the subscriber circuits T ' are prepared for a call through the connection tubes, only one of the subscriber circuits can be prepared for a call, since only one of the connection tubes can be conductive.

This is now such a subscriber circuit from your own office. called, step on the lines 7 and 8 simultaneously correspond to positive pulses in the pulse switch tubes. That

Tube R 53 has the consequence that

U 53 and the rectifier G 54 no pulse is sent to line 15 and thus to the busy multiplex.

Assume that. .by the renewed parallel query via line 52 no more free switching was determined, the busy signal is triggered at the calling subscriber. This is done in the following way: The pulse appearing on the line 51 causes, as previously described, the conduction of the tube R 52, so that a pulse is sent to the line 52 via the transmitter U 52

phase of the channel assigned to the calling subscriber is 7 °. At the same time is over the delay line

009 588/175

19 20

VL 2 the first grid of the tube R 53 with one of the number of delay times of the delay line that are not prepared by the connection chain. One of the connections would be prepared. The impulse emitted by the calling circuit via the tubes during this delay time causes line 29 to conduct, as previously described, tube 5 of the next following connection R 55 in the ring is blocked and tube R 54 becomes conductive. switching tube, whereby the part assigned to it would be blocked by the third grid of the tube R 53 receiving circuit for a call on the line 51, and which is prepared in the delay line VL 2. The fact that this delayed pulse would become conductive would have no effect on the switching tube, the previously conductive connection tube R 53.Because none of these connection tubes has ignited as a result of the common anode resistance, it is established that all W 51 are blocked, and theirs assigned partial subscriber circuits are busy. In this receiver circuit, the switching state is now via line 32, but tube R 54 is blocked and not prepared.

the third grid of the R 53 tube remains prepared. If after the calling circuit there are already some 15 occupied circuits in the ring delayed on the first grid of the tube R 53, on which a non-stock-arriving pulse causes this tube to follow a conductive fourth, but free circuit, the will pass through and via the Transmitter 1753 and the direct output from the calling circuit, on the line rectifier G 54, a pulse is thereby given to the line device 29, all pulses that have already been assigned to the busy multiplex. This impulse is set subscriber circuit and causes an action to counteract the otherwise occurring on this multiplex. Ao vation of the next subscriber circuit following the busy subscriber by the time of the delay of the interconnections by delay line-i ^; X2 shortened. Since the participant lets their connection tube become conductive. A circuit already activated in the circuits T and T is designed so that only the ring after this subscriber circuit, be-trailing edge of this pulse in the phase gates R 26 loses its active signal for the calling subscriber.

triggers, the shortening of this impulse remains without an already occupied effect on the calling circuit. Subscriber circuits, and then the free circuit From the above, it can be seen that the device is already activated. In this case, the subscriber circuit V and the connection chain in which the transformer U 8 of the calling circuit ab are closely interrelated. In the following pulse given, all occupied circuits are, therefore, for a closer understanding of the effect.After passing through the same, it encounters the repercussions coupling gate ET 5 on the already conductive connection of the subscriber circuit T on the connection chain of the circuit prepared for a call 7 ". Tries when the subscriber circuit is calling. It remains ineffective on this connection tube, so that it is initially assumed that the subscriber circuit of the associated subscriber circuit still belongs to a free selection stage for circuit T ' , in which it activates any incoming dialing signals or can be prepared by itself through the associated connection tube.

is tet, ie in which the associated connection tube, It is also conceivable that all, for example, RI, is conductive. When a call is over, the LEI i _m SchaltungenT ring lying 'previously occupied getungl and the rectifier Gl third gratings are essentially of 40, but one of these circuits mid-Röhrei? L positive. The first on line 9 has become free at the time. In this case, through the first grid of the tube Rl occurring impulse of the circuit T 'which has meanwhile become free, via the free multiplexes, this line31 becomes conductive, the first grid of the associated connection tube, so that anode current flows and a positive tube is positively biased. This changes the momentum reaches the first grid of the tube R 2. 45 Status of the connection chain still nothing. Only the RZl emitted by the tube R 5, the third grid of the tube transmitter £ 78 of the calling circuit, becomes positive, as already explained, so that this tube hits the impulse when it passes through the ring and becomes conductive. As a result, the transformer U 8 supplies a second grid of this connection tube and lets the same positive pulse on line 29 and the next one become conductive. This activates the conduction of this tube in the circuit T located in the ring, again causing a brief drop in the And. H. for a call that arrives on line 51, switching tubes common anode voltage, thereby preparing. The preparation takes place in that the previously ignited tube of the chain is locked, i.e., the next free circuit V associated arrival In other words, this means that which is interrupter, prepared on the first grid through it _v the calling circuit on outgoing search pulse , by which from the transformer Ό8 over the line 55 the next lying in the ring, meanwhile released, ignites over the line 30 and the rectified interrupter, whereby the connecting funnel G 38 appear on the second grid of this tube of the circuit causing the search pulse the impulse makes them conductive. Is blocked when it becomes conductive.

this tube prepares this via line 32 and if one assumes the case that the calling

the rectifier G36 the gate circuit Γ6 so before, 60 circuit T'the last free circuit of the ring of the

that the next appearing on the line 51 is the connection chain and all lying in the ring

pulse via this gate circuit and the ToxETl the circuits are occupied and none of them mean-

already exerts previously explained effects. while has become free, the calling circuit gives

If one assumes that the calling circuit T'einer again sends a pulse via its transformer U 8

Belong to free-choice level, at which she herself through the 65 on the line 29. This impulse runs through the

Pull-ordered ^ connecting tube is not prepared, so the entire ring meets after passing through it

are different switching states of the connection chain from line 29 of the previous one in the ring He-

possible. lowing circuit on line 30 at the same

The judge G 39 of the decoupling gate ET 4 of the calling circuit following the ^ calling circuit in the ring

Shifts 7 ″ are free, but the shift is only activated after a 7 ° . It causes there, as already above

1 0Ö7 Ö
21 22

explains the busy signaling of a subscriber calling free. The process is impulse the last free circuit 7 "in the ring, with the following: The impulse that took its output from a tube so this circuit is synchronized by the dialing impulse, has been chronized at its first, and on line 29 In the event of this circuit, a search pulse also occurs on the first grid of the tube 5. This search pulse has an effect of 32. However, he could not make this tube conductive in each of the occupied circuits in the ring, since the third grid of the same would become conductive of the tube 32, thus making only gradually over an AEC member positively Leitung33 each passes a positive pulse /? on that is. only when the throughput of the chain of tubes R31 so influences the control part of the Anschaltkette that has run , meanwhile the third grid of the tube io, if another participant calls, this i? 32 has become positive.

Chain arriving at the first grid of tube R 32 If a dialing pulse on line 51 causes it to become conductive, wo-pulse does not have a free circuit T ' , it stays on through all inputs T6 of the circuits via the transformer 79 and the rectifier T ' wir- G 40 given a positive pulse on line 33 15 without effect. This impulse arrives at the same time. In the same way, the others also have the first grid of the tube R 52 and an occupied circuit T "causes these pulses to be transmitted to the conductor. Devices 33 are transmitted via the line 52. As already explained, this results in all connection tubes Search impulses made a preparation in the connection chain, but remain ineffective. As already described, when the free choice level is called from the office 20, in this case the third grid remains, the calling subscriber a busy signal of the tube R 53 positive, and which supplies from the transformer U 52. via the delay line VL 2 with one of these

In the following, some examples of the corresponding delay time on the first interaction of connection chain and subscriber grid of the tube R 53 incoming impulse causes a circuit T ' explained when the free selection stage of the tube R 53 becomes conductive. This delivers via the office will. Assuming that a selection signal appearing on the transformer U 53 and the rectifier G 54 on the line 51 encounters several positive impulses on the line 15 to the busy circuit T , this is a selection multiplex. The trailing edge of this pulse causes that circuit T synchronize in the signal, which is prepared by the phase gate R26 of the subscriber circuit of the calling subscriber assigned to it via the line 32 30 to trigger the busy signal. In this circuit, the die from the tubes i? 54 and R 55 existing tilting

already described start functions triggered. The circuit in the control part of the connection chain has, in addition to the circuit synchronized by the call, T 'also provides the above-mentioned tasks with the effect of a positive pulse via the line 29, which activates the vibration lock. If a positive connection tube of a free 35 pulse arrives on the line 33, the tube i? 55 is ignited by this circuit T ' and this circuit is thus pre-pulse conductive. It is prepared from the anode of this tube. by a negative potential on line 34

It can also happen that one is given on the. The line 34 leads to the first grids line 51 occurring selection signal, although several of the tubes R31 and via a circuit T 'which does not have a specific description, but that between 40 netes i? C element to the first grids of the tubes R 32 through this. Call synchronized circuit T 'of the circuits T'. The potential emerging on line 34 and the other free circuits T 'one or more causes an increase in the number of occupied circuits T' . Also in the negative grid bias of the tubes R 31, so that in this case the synchronized circuit on the line 29 running through the ring circuit of these tubes would cause a pulse. Since the 45 search pulse is not able to cause a continuous next circuit lying in the ring according to the conductivity of the tubes R 31 above. If the assumption is to be occupied, the tube R 32 of which would lower the grid bias voltage of the tubes i? 32 would cause a positive pulse on the line 33. is delayed by the i? C element to such an extent that this impulse causes the tube to become conductive. 31 traverse i-55, which, as already described, has its full effect on the first grid of the device 52 on the line 50, a positive pulse occurs which exerts via the tube R 32. The i? C element thus holds the grid rectifier G 39 to the second grid from all the bias voltage of the first grid of the tubes R 32 after switching tubes is fed. This impulse causes the switching of the tubes R 54 and 55 another that one of the connection tubes that a free switching time is upright.

device T "is assigned. On the common 55 If a circuit T 'is ge-anode resistance W 51 from your own office, a voltage drop occurs and the subscriber in question does not dial, so that the tube R 55 is blocked and again the would this subscriber circuit remain occupied, so tube R 54 is conductive. the other thereby be sawn blocked. in order to prevent this, is a from the worked switching operations are previously loading tube R 34 and the gate T 7 formed back Registered. the on Line 52 occurring impulse 60 control switch is provided, by means of which the connection tubes belonging to the "subscriber-dials-no-alarm triggered" for a free circuit T ' will always ignite, which will trigger the smallest call that has synchronized a circuit T' At the same time, however, a leads via the demodulator R 27 and R 28 and via a search pulse passes through the tubes i? 31 of all occupied the relay B ' and the lei tion 2 to the remote office. The circuits T. Only if a large number of unauthorized callers 65 must now the reni? 31 for the next office must be run through until the search pulse gives certain dialing signals. If he does this while a free circuit T 'does not ignite, the search pulse that occurs on the reset line 52 throws one of the switches the synchronized circuit 7 "into the idle connection tubes faster than the ring of tubes i? 31 lay back and gives the calling subscriber a continuous search pulse. 70 line 35 and line 15 indicate a busy

23 24

pulse. The reset switch tube R 34 will be called. So it can only be the case

on the third grid of. of the tube R 28 of the demodulation, that the connecting chain t ^ over the tube R 51 from the

lators controlled. The anode of the R 28 tube remains so that the office is called.

long positive, as no teletype characters appear on the switch chain ZAK of the intermediary gate circuit ET2 on their first grid. 5, in turn, consists of an endless ring of coincidence - through the state "called circuit T '" is the current gates, which are also referred to here as connecting tubes R I, RII consisting of the tubes R19 and R20 , transmitting, etc. Each of these connection tubes receiving switch from the gate circuit T 6 is assigned to an intermediary. Since it has been switched by the circuit that the tube R 19 is conductive and switching tubes can only be conductive at a time, the tube R 20 is blocked. As a result, the anode is that for a new call only one potential of the tube R20 has become positive and is therefore prepared or switched on in the middle. The analysis of the first grid of the R 34 tube. As a result, the switching tubes are achieved by the synchronization part so that anode current flows when the third grid is predominantly positive, as is the anode current from the control part of the R 34 connecting tube. This anode chain is controlled. In contrast to the above energized, 15 is written in the heating winding of the bimetallic strip. Connection chain of a free selection stage is integrated in BS and only leads to the response on the first grid of the tube R 51, the line 9 of the bimetallic contact, if over a certain time free multiplex and on the third grid of this tube in the tube 2? 34 uninterrupted anode current on line 6 of the forward multiplex. The synfins are. If this occurs, the bi-chronization part of the intermediary closes as the only metal contact, and the gate circuit T101 arrives at the rectifier G 41 20 synchronization input. If there is a positive potential at the DC input of this gate circuit via a sufficiently large capacitor. This potential must be at least line 32, the preparatory potential supplied by the connection tube assigned to this switch during the duration of a pulse series. The rectifier G 42 of the gate circuit Γ 7, the rectifier G102 is blocked. If now the pulse gate R 18 and the transformer 25 on the line 51 get a positive potential, the U 3 of which has been supplied with pulses since the phase allocation. Since the origin is explained below, the rectifier G 41 is now blocked at least while the rectifier G101 is blocked for one pulse period via the capacitor ClOl, is blocked during the, and the gate circuit T 101 outputs the rectifier G103 pulses that block the rectifier G42 for its duration a positive pulse to the Γ7 pulses at the output of the gate circuit. These 30 first grids of the R 101 tube. The tube 22101 bil impulses arrive on the one hand via the rectifier det the start gate of the synchronization part of the Ver-G 43, the line 35 and the line 15 to the input mediator. When the operator is in the idle position, the busy multiplex is present and the caller triggers the busy signal at the calling sub-third grid of the R 101 tube. On the other hand, the impulse coming from the rectifier G103 to the first of these impulses via the rectifier G 44 to the entire grid of this tube arrives at these conductive flip-flops of the circuit T ', whereby they become. At the anode resistance of this tube circuit is switched to the rest position. As already described for the circuits T and V the reset switches are caused by a negative impulse, which is described by a circuit T and the differentiating network connected downstream is switched to the rest position. The busy signal is adorned, whereby the triggering of the circuit T ' which continues to occur takes place practically in the positive impulse, as will be explained in more detail below, as for the circuits T , derived by a rectifier and the wrote. A repeated explanation of these switching negative impulses at the input of the first stage of the control parts is therefore unnecessary. Counting chain consisting of tubes R 107 to J? 118 to which the cathodes of the connection tubes RI, RTL etc. 45 are fed. As soon as the tube R 101 is conductive, an occupancy counter BZ. has been switched on j gives it to be from its cathode resistor. Every time the connection tube assigned to the respective occupancy on the first grid of the tube R 104 becomes conductive, a tive pulse is generated, making this tube conductive and that of the occupancy counter, the tube R 105 is blocked in a manner known per se. Can be formed by being conductive. 50 of the tube R 104 'is the braking grille of the tube. The following is the R 101' now 'blocked and explained in more detail by the blocked switching devices. are the tube R 105 is the braking grid of the The intermediary V are similar to the subscriber tube 2? 102 now open. This process is connected to circuits T ' to form a ring. The assignment of the same, as already described for the tubes R 4 and RS development of one of these intermediaries for setting up a connection of the subscriber circuit T or T ' , takes place through the central connection chain. This is achieved by switching the R 104 ZAK tubes. In FIGS. 10 and 11, the central and 2? 105 caused switching of tubes 2? 101 switching chain ZÄK as well as the synchronization part of one and R102 is again represented here by 2? C-Gli'eder of the intermediary V. delayed. This is also necessary here, because after the start of the central connection chain ZAK corresponds exactly to 60, the start from the tubes R 104 and 2? 105 of the connection chain of a free selection level. For this flip-flop ordering the potentials of the third reason is it not here again in detail from the grid of the tube R 101 and 2? 102 to switch quickly, but it is only the connection dignity and the one on the first grid of the tube 2? 102 lines drawn between her and the synchronization part effective positive rectangle change to one of the mediator. The numbering of this 65 second negative pulse on the common anode connection lines agrees with the numbering resistance would result.

of the lines between the connection chain AK and the one from the tubes 2? 104 and 2? 105 existing

a subscriber circuit 7 ". As from the changeover switch also prepares from the anode of the

3 can be seen, a mediator V via the tube 2? 105 off immediately the third grid of the

central connection chain ZAK only from own office 70 tube 2? 103 in such a way that the

25 26

Was the tube R 101 coming, over the equality, that this grid after a certain time, judge G104 on the first grid of the tube R 103 acts- the same positive impulse the tube R 103 becomes conductive due to the cut-off frequency of the chain of tubes R 103 is given, is opened. After that left. Via the impulse in the anode circuit of the tube R 103, which passes through all the tubes 103, when it becomes conductive, a positive impulse arrives at the line 29 via the line 30 and the DC tube Decoupling gate ET 100 give again, via line 30 and the rectifier to the first grid of the tube R 103, from which he took his G105 to the first grid of the tube R 103 of the output. At the same time, however, he also arrives at the ring of the next following agent. At the same time the first grid of the tube R 106, as a result of which this impulse arrives in a conductive manner but also via the line 30 becomes io. Via the anode transformer of this tube and the rectifier G 38 of the decoupling gate, the rectifier G107, a positive pulse is given to ET 5 on the second grid of the connection tube of the line 33. As a result, tube R 55 becomes the next intermediary in the ring. If this of the central connection chain is conductive and releases the next switch, then by setting the switch already existing for the connection chain of a free selection stage from the tubes 1? 104 and R 105, processes are triggered which cause the next switch to open the tube R 103 locked on the third grid. calling busy signal is given.
At the same time, however, the switch is assigned to this operator. In the event that all operators are occupied, the connection tube is prepared on the first grid. As already mentioned, a pulse passes through all the pulses occurring on the line 30 and remains without tubes R 103. The ring effect formed by these tubes on the tube R 103, so that amplifiers of this 20 would continue to oscillate in this state. Tube off via line 29 of this intermediary. In order to prevent this, the now negative tube R 103 can reach the first grid of the next switching chain of a free selection stage, as in the positive impulse. The positive anode potential of the tube R 55 is used to make the first grid of the tube R 103 and connection tube conductive via the impulse that reaches the second grid of the above-mentioned line 34 and makes it conductive, and at 25 via unspecified i? C links the first cathode resistance of this tube creates a positive grid to lock the tube R 106,
tive potential that has a steep starting edge Even with the central connection chain, the rectifier G102, which has already been described for the connection chain of a free choice stage, blocks the gate circuit T101 of this intermediary and the various switching states can occur in the central connection chain. The da gate circuit is prepared for a further call in the event of processes triggered by a call. central connection chain exactly the same, so that

The processes described so far correspond, a repeated explanation of the same is superfluous,
As will be appreciated, the 'erkette and a subscriber circuit T' already for the turn-As with the subscriber circuits T purifies a Freiwahl-, a specified level occurs after synchronization. Even if the next following 35 calling subscriber is busy on line 6 of the pre-operator, the same pulse phase as for forward multiplexes is activated with the pulse phase assigned to the calling subscriber. Since triggered after success. If the first pulse of this pulse rectifier G105 hits the line 30 and the synchronization via the line 29 that has not yet been deleted or the positive pulse on the first grid of the tube R 103, 40 is sampled, this occurs as a result The peculiarity of the circuit is that this tube is conductive because the same on the third grid on both the line 9 and the line 6 is caused by the simultaneous positive impulse from the tubes R 104 and R 105. This impulse standing changeover switch is already prepared. Via the causes the tube R 51 to become conductive, which causes the anode transformer of the tube 103 to be a positive via the transformer U 51, a positive impulse is sent to the impulse on the line 29, which is sent to both the 4-5 line 51. This positive pulse of the first grid of the tube R 103 of the next in the ring arrives via the capacitor C 101 to the rectifier as well as to the second grid G101 of the gate circuit T 101 of its connection of the corresponding connection tube. Since the chain ago via the line 32 prepared switch-on tube of the occupied operator at the first lers. Since the rectifier G101 is blocked with the occurrence of the pulse on the Lei grid from the changeover switch R 104 and R 105, the rectifier G101 is blocked and the impulse that occurs on the second grid causes rectifier G102 to be blocked this connection tube. The positive impulse emanating from the rectifier G103 of the gate circuit T 101, a positive tube R 103 of the just synchronized mediator impulse to the first grid of the tube R 101, passes through the give. This positive pulse causes a conductive line 29 and 30 of all tubes R 103, since these 55 are this tube, and this generates an interconnected to an endless ring, to negative pulse, which is the first stage of the counting chain on a tube R 103 hits whose third grid is fed. At the same time it is the one who is blocked. This is only ever the case with a free connection of i? 104 and i? 105 existing changeover switches. The connection tube is switched over so that the tube 104 is now conductive, as has already been explained, and is 60. The changeover switch has the effect that this operator is now blocked for a new call. Tube R 101 is now blocked and tube R 102 is ready. Should none of the intermediaries be free, the third grid is prepared in such a way that the pulse passes through all tubes R 103 through the line 10 from the counting multiplex the duration of the impulse runs through it with the cutoff frequency of 65 of these impulses. After tubes R 103 have been connected in series and start, the first grid of that tube R 103, tubes R 101 and 102 at the same time as the counter from which it originated, step back onto the common anode resistor. multiplex delivered impulses on negative impulses,

After the call has been made, the third grid becomes the one consisting of the tubes i? 107 to i? 118

Tube R 106 from the anode of tube R 105 so before- 70 counting chain in the already for the subscriber circuit

27 28

continue as explained. This counting chain of the network to the rectifier G121 of the gate

again consists of six flip-flops, so that, device T 105, which is the input of the in Fig. 12 to 15

after forming the illustrated memory part of a mediator at the common anode resistor.

Tubes R 101 and i? 102 sixty-four pulses on- The original remote-

entered, after every sixty-fourth impulse 5 characters are sent to the inputs of the gate

the tube R 117 sends a positive pulse to the gate circuits T106 to T110.

circuit Γ102 supplies, whereby its rectifier is blocked for the duration of these impulses when a teletype character starts on G108. To rectifier G123 of gate switch T 105 for reasons that improve the shape of the impulses emitted by gate circuit T 102, which will be explained later, to improve rectifier blocking potential. The inverted start-up core, this gate switching step of a telex character is generated to the rectifier G109 on the device the square-wave voltage of the counting multiplex via line 101 positive potential, whereby line 10 is supplied to the DC. At the output, i.e. at the rectifier G121, it is blocked, and since the rectifier G123 is blocked during the rectifier GIlO of the gate circuit Π02, the rectifier G123 is blocked as a result, pulses in the pulse phase with which the participant calling the gate circuit arrives via the rectifier G122 the line 6 of the forward Π 05 has reported a positive pulse to the first grid of the multiplexes and to that of the synchronizing tube R 125. The tubes R 125 and I? 126 form the sation part of the switch was synchronized. The start circuit of the tubes i? 127 to? 132 be output of the gate circuit? 02 controls the first standing sampling of the memory part of the switching grid of the tube R119, which has a pulse amplifier 20. The tubes R 125 and 126 are shown in FIG. In every manner known from the rectifier GI10 as a monostable flip-flop to the pulse, the tube R 119 becomes conductive and that is connected together. When the anode lead is in the idle state, the transformer R 126 is conductive. If the tive impulse now hits the rectifier Gill of the gate circuit T 103 coming from the rectifier G122. The rectifier G112 this gate 25 positive impulse on the first grid of the tube R 125, circuit will be from the line 6 of the forward so will this conductive and the tube R 126 blocked, multiplexes the pulses generated by the calling subscriber The duration during which the tube R 125 is conductive, supplied. These pulses are modulated with the remote is by the time constant of the AC coupling characters of the calling subscriber. position between tubes R 125 and R 126. The gate circuit T 103 thus forms a modulation gate while the tube R 125 is conducting. Via the rectifier G119 of this gate circuit, the cathode current f when this negative or zero potential the first grid of the tube R 127 sends a positive potential. The output of the gate circuit T103 controls 35 tial supplies. The resonant circuit 5 "10l is so dimensioned as the first grid of the tube R 120 of the tubes that the tube R 127 is ignited by the demodulator that consists of it g & - R 120 and R 121 monostable multivibrator is formed in which approximately the middle of the line 102. The tube R 121 is conductive in the idle state first step of the telex occurs. Then and the tube R 120 blocked in the idle state. Step 40 through is achieved that the middle of the step of the first now positive pulse from the rectifier G119 the current step of the telex code is scanned gate circuit T 103 on the first grid of the tube R 120, which will be described in more detail below, this tube becomes conductive, its anode potential sinks into equalization of the incoming current steps, and the first grid of the tube R 121 is acted upon, when the tube R 127 becomes conductive, the negative I occurring at it mpuls blocked. 45 its cathode potential becomes positive as a result of the voltage dropping across the Ka-The duration of this blocking becomes positive due to the time resistance. Via the constant of the network differentiating between the anode of the tube R 120 and the grid of the tube R 121, a condenser positive impulse to the rectifier G125 of the torsator and the grid leakage resistance of the tube R 121. circuit T 106. This rectifier is thereby co-determined. If tube R 121 is blocked, 50 blocked for the duration of this pulse. If its anode potential rises at the same time, and at the same time, however, the resonant circuit 5 * 102 is also coupled with current, the grid of the tube R 120 is fanned into attenuated oscillations in such a way that it becomes positive. The time constant of the alternating current coupling supplies a positive potential to the first grid of the gas coil from the anode of tube R 120 to the grid of triode tube R 128, so that the tube in tube R 121 is dimensioned so that tube R 121 to 55 point in time ignites, in which on the line 102 about shortly before the arrival of the next pulse at the middle of the second current step of the telex first grid of the tube R 120 is blocked. This character occurs. The tube R 128, in turn, supplies the tubes R 120 with almost the entire time over a differentiating network of their cadre pulse period conductive, and at the cathode of this method from when conductive a positive pulse tube arises a voltage, which is sent 60 to the rectifier G127 corresponds to the gate circuit T 107. Teletype character. At the cathode of the In the same way the oscillating tube i? 121, on the other hand, creates a voltage to the transmitted circle 6 "103 the tube i? 129, from this via the telex characters inverse voltage. The cathode oscillating circuit £" 104 the tube R 130 and from this capacitors of the two tubes have the task of igniting the tube R ^{131 via the resonant circuit 5 1} 105, the voltage 6g dropping across the cathode resistor. The ignition time of these tubes is again selected during the relapse pauses at the cathodes in such a way that it is kept right with the middle of the current steps occurring on the lines 101 and 102 102 coincide. The inverse and original telex characters are created. Tubes R 127 to R 131 thus represent a scanning device which occurs on line 101 and by means of which the telex characters on line 102 arrive via a differentiating current steps of a telex character

can be scanned approximately in the middle of the current step. The tubes R1Z7 to i-131 have the common anode resistance W 151, and since each of the tubes has an individual cathode capacitor, only one of the tubes connected in the form of a counting chain can be conductive at any one time. The cathode of the tube R 128 is connected to the resonant circuit vS101 via the rectifier G134 and an unspecified, series-connected capacitor. This "connection prevents the resonant circuit 5" 10 from continuing to oscillate when the tube R 128 ignites. This is necessary because the oscillation circles fanned into dampened oscillations could under certain circumstances ignite the tube assigned to them a second time. This is prevented by stopping the oscillation circuits via rectifiers G134 to G138. The tubes R 127 to 2? 131 supply positive pulses to the gate circuits T106 to TI10 in the middle of the current steps of the teletype character occurring on the line 102. The gate circuit T106 is assigned to the first, the gate circuit T107 to the second, the gate circuit Γ108 to the third, the gate circuit T109 to the fourth and the gate circuit TI10 to the fifth code step.

If the tube R 131 becomes conductive, it in turn fills the resonant circuit 506. This resonant circuit is dimensioned in such a way that through it the tube R 132 becomes conductive for a short interval. When the tube R 132, which has the anode resistance W 151 in common with the tubes i? 127 to R131, becomes conductive , the tube R 131 is extinguished. The tube R 132 is only conductive during the positive voltage supplied to its first grid by the resonant circuit 506 and then loses its conductivity again. After the tube R 131 has become conductive, whereby the fifth current step of the teletype character is scanned, this tube is erased , so that a blocking potential occurs again at the rectifier G123 of the gate circuit T 105, so that this gate circuit prepares for the scanning of another teletype character is.

As already explained, the current steps of the teletype character supplied by the tube R 120 appear on the line 102. The line 102 is connected to the second inputs of the gate circuit T106 to TI10. These inputs are formed by the rectifiers G124, G126, G128, G130 and G132. These Tofcircuits only emit a positive pulse at their alternating current output if a potential blocking them occurs at the same time at the rectifiers of their two inputs. It follows from this that these gate circuits only emit an output pulse when a positive isolating current step occurs on line 102. The output pulse is emitted approximately in the middle of this current step, since at this point in time the keying tube assigned to the relevant current step is ignited, as explained above, and thereby applies a positive pulse to the corresponding input of the gate circuit. If negative current steps occur on line 102, the second input of the gate circuit supplied by the corresponding connection tube with a positive pulse at the other input remains open, and no pulse is generated at the output of this gate circuit. If it is assumed that the first code current step of the teletype character appearing on line 102 is an isolating current step, the rectifier G124 is blocked by this current step. In the middle of this current step, as already explained, a positive potential is applied from the cathode of the tube R 127 to the rectifier G125, which blocks the rectifier and the gate circuit T106 emits a positive pulse at its AC outputs. If, on the other hand, it is assumed that the second current step is a symbol current step, as a result of which a negative or zero potential is produced on the line 102, then the rectifier G126 is used for the entire duration

ίο this current step is not blocked, and that of the Tube i? 128 blocked rectifier G 127, for known reasons, does not lead to output a pulse at the AC outputs of the gate circuit T107. The same applies to the further gate circuits T108 to TIlO.

In the present exemplary embodiment of the invention, the dialing is carried out using two telex characters. Each participant is assigned two telex characters, the transmission of which calls him can be. These teletype characters are hereinafter referred to as dial signals. To dial signals Distinguishing clearly from telex characters of a text is according to a feature of the invention A so-called dialing start signal is sent before a dialing signal. This measure is necessary in the event of telexes being interrupted for any reason while they are being forwarded to prevent the pretense of dialing signals. In the present embodiment, there is Start of dialing characters made up of two letters Y sent one after the other. The combination YY is one which most likely does not appear in a normal telex text. As a voting start sign but other letter combinations can also be sent, but it is always on to ensure that a combination is chosen that is not or only in a normal telex text occurs extremely rarely. The invention is not limited to the use of only two selection signals or start of dialing characters, with a large number of participants, three or more telex characters can be used as Dial signals can be used. If necessary, a corresponding number of starting digits can also be used be used.

By means of a reset switch, which will be described in detail further below, the tube R 134 has been made conductive before starting a selection. The tube R 133 becomes non-conductive because these two tubes are connected in the form of a bistable multivibrator. The anode of tube R 133 is connected to rectifiers G139 to G143 of decoupling gate ET 103 and the anode of tube R 134 is connected to rectifiers G144 to G148 of decoupling gate ET 104. It is assumed that of the tubes R 127 to 2? 131 the first dialing start character, i.e. the step group Y, is scanned, then, since the tube R 133 is blocked, a positive result will be given during the scanning of this character to the rectifiers G139 to G143 of the decoupling gate ET 103

So potential is placed, and this potential is applied to the starter electrodes of the tubes i? 137 to 2? 141. These tubes form the memory for the first dial signal. In the present example, the storage elements consist of cold cathode tubes. The high voltage supplied to the starter electrodes of these tubes via the decoupling gate ET 103 acts as a preparation in such a way that if a positive pulse is supplied by one of the gate circuits T106 to TIlO, this impulses the corresponding one

tube i? 137 to 2? 141 ignites.

31 32

Ignite tubes while scanning the first start of dialing. Since the tube is now marked, the tube R 134 is conductive. Consequently, conductive, is located on the rectifiers G139 until lies on its anode a potential lower than G143 of the decoupling gate .ET 103 and the anode of the non-conductive tube R 133. This to lower potential is also applied to the ignition electrodes of the tubes R 137 over the Decoupling gate 5 R 141 such a low preparation voltage that BTlOi. the starter electrodes of the tubes R 142 to those of the gate circuits Γ106 to TIlO also fed to R 146. These tubes form the memory, the ignition electrodes of these tubes are supplied for the second dialing signal. As long as the tube pulse is not able to make those of these R 134 conductive, the starter electrodes of the tubes must be ignited which have not yet been ignited by the preparatory potential signs placed by the first election start tubes R 142 to R 146. In which from the TiAl so low that these tubes thus this can be ignited by the genicht to R 141 remains existing memory for the gates to Γ106 Γ110 pulses supplied first choice beginning characters through the tubes R 137th So while at the stores. If the tubes now receive the second dialing start character, scanning the first dialing start character, this is explained 15 start characters, as already prepared for the first dialing i? 137 to i? 141 for an ignition, the tubes R 127 bis are the tubes R 142 to i? 146 not scanned for an ignition i? 131 and prepared depending on the on the application, so that the current steps occurring from the gate circuits line 102 of this remote T 106 to T 110 also to the ignition electrodes of the raw characters The impulses supplied by the gate circuits Γ106 reni 142 to i 146 control these tubes up to Γ110 in such a way that they cannot ignite during this time. 20 puhkt, in which the assigned scanning tube a

The first choice beginning characters, the letter Y, the positive pulse provides, at their alternating current consists of the current sequence of steps - outputs \ 1 h emits a positive pulse, the

The current steps of this symbol occur on the associated storage tube ignites. Prerequisite line 102 in sequence. In the middle of the first according to the second dialing start character from current steps, the gate circuit T 106 should consist of a positive 25 the letter Y; consequently, when the tive pulse is applied to the starter electrode of the tube R 137, the tubes are scanned and the second dial start character is triggered, causing them to ignite. The same pulse occurs i? 142, i? 144 and i? 146 ignited, while those on the starter electrode of tube R 142, tubes R 143 and i? 145, remain unignited. According to this, however, for the reasons mentioned above, the scanning of the second dialing start character is not ignited. When the second current is sampled, it is stored in the tubes R 142 to R 146. The two output pulse in the memories as described above, since the second current step is a stored dialing start character, i.e. the one in the preceding character current step, and consequently the two characters YY, line 102 none use the rectifier G on the example above, there is no output pulse at the gate circuit T 107 126 blocking potential occurs after the last current step has been sampled. The tube R 138 is therefore not ignited 35 of the second voting start character in an evaluation. A corresponding evaluation is carried out during the switching. In this evaluation circuit, scanning the third current step, the tube R 139, it is determined whether the two memories have ignited the correct ones, during the scanning of the fourth dialing start character or not. The Bewer current step does not include the R 140 tube and in the case of the cut-off circuit, the two tubes for sampling the fifth current step contain the R 141 40 and R 148 tubes and the R 149 and R150 tubes that are ignited. After scanning the fifth standing flip-flops. After the end of a current step the first dialing start sign is in the previous dialing, tubes R 148 and tubes R 137 to i? 141 of this sign in the form i? 150 have been made conductive by a switch described below for the ignited or not ignited tubes . The results are saved. 45 tubes R 151 of the voting start character evaluation will be

As described above, after these two flip-flops have been switched off, the R 132 tube is controlled and a teletype code is scanned, although the third grid of this tube with the tube is briefly conductive. At its cathode there is an anode of the tube R 149 and the first grid with the positive pulse, which is connected to the anode of the tube R 148 via the rectifier G149. At rest, the cathodes of the tubes R 133 and R 134 are fed to the 50 position of the two flip-flops. During the scanning of the first dialing start tube R 151 by the tube R 148 at its first character, the tube R 134 was conductive and caused grids to be blocked. The anode potential of the tube R 151 via the decoupling gate ET 103 is a preparation both at the rectifier G161 of the gate circuit of the tubes 7? 137 to i? 141, which represent the memory for the Γ115 as well as an unspecified first selection signal. Via the voltage divider on the rectifier G160 of the gate rectifier G149, the cathodes of the tubes are connected to the cathodes of the tubes 133 circuit Γ116. These two rectifiers are blocked, and the positive pulse supplied to R 134, which is when the tube R 151 is non-conductive, is blocked.
Tube R 134 made non-conductive, which has the consequence that since tubes R 137, 139 and R 141 are ignited, tube R 133 is now conductive. Since these are connected to the rectifiers G150 to G152 of the two tubes in the form of a bistable flip-flop 60 gate circuit Γ111, this rectifier blocking is switched on, the potential is activated after becoming conductive. Likewise, at the rectifiers G153, tube R 133, tube R 134 is kept locked. From to G155 of the gate circuit T 112 from the cathodes of the anode of the tube R 134, this rectifier is now the high potential lying there above the rectifying potential through the associated tubes. When scanning the last rectifier G144 to G148 of the decoupling gate ET 104 65 current step of the second dial start character, the ignition electrodes of the tubes R 142 to 2? 146 so the tube R 146 is conductive and the rectifier G155 is prepared that, if blocked by the gate circuits Γ106. This means that all inputs of the Torbis Γ110 are blocked when the second dial start circuits Γ111 and Γ112 are scanned, and the gate signal also gives positive impulses to this ignition circuit Γ115, whose rectifier G161 electrodes are also supplied, the corresponding 70 is blocked, gives via its Rectifier G162 one

positive impulse on the first grid of the tube R 147. This tube becomes conductive and the tube R 148 is blocked in a known manner. By blocking the tube 148, the first grid of tube R 151 receives a sufficiently positive potential so that this tube becomes conductive if the positive potential supplied by tube R 149 is still present on its third grid. If the correct dialing start characters are in the memories, the tube R 149 remains blocked. Only if incorrect dialing start characters are stored will this tube become conductive, as explained below, and the third grid of tube R 151 receives a potential that blocks this,

The tubes R 138, i? 140, i? 143 and i? 145 have, as described above, not been ignited during the scanning of the start of dialing characters. Accordingly, no positive potential is applied to the rectifier G163 of the gate circuit T 116 via the rectifiers G156 to G 159 of the decoupling gates ET 105 and ET 106, which are connected to the cathodes of these tubes. Using the decoupling gates £ T105 and ET 106 , a cross-check of the storage of the correct dialing start characters is made. If the correct dialing start characters are stored, neither the decoupling gate ET 105 nor the decoupling gate ET 106 emit a positive pulse that blocks the rectifier G 163. If this rectifier is not blocked, however, no positive impulse which makes the tube R 149 conductive is given via the rectifier G 164 to the gate circuit T116, so that the tube R 151 becomes conductive as described above.

If other than the start of dialing characters are stored, either the gate circuit T115 does not emit a pulse that makes the tube R 147 conductive, or it delivers one anyway. In the first case it does not matter whether the gate circuit T 116 in turn supplies a pulse to the first grid of the tube R 149. In the second case, that is, if the gate circuit T 115 emits a pulse in spite of storing incorrect dialing start characters, the gate circuit T116 always emits a pulse which makes the tube R 149 conductive. This double check ensures that the R 151 tube can only become conductive if the correct starting digits are stored, because only in this case both the R 147 tube and the R 150 tube are conductive, and only then is the first one Grid and on the third grid of the tube R 151 a potential that makes it conductive.

If the tube R 151 is conductive, the voltage at its anode drops. This voltage drop is so great that the rectifiers G160 and G161 are no longer blocked. As a result, the gate circuits T 115 and T 116 can no longer emit output pulses while the tube R 151 is conducting. The evaluation circuit is thus separated from the memories and can no longer be influenced by them. When the tube R 151 becomes conductive, the capacitor C 102, which is connected in parallel with the cathode resistor, is charged due to the voltage drop occurring at its cathode resistance. The capacitor C 102 is selected to be so large that the cathode voltage of the tube R 151 increases only relatively slowly. The cathode potential of this tube acts on the rectifier G172 of the gate circuit T118 in the manner explained below. If the evaluation of the dialing start characters shows that the memory does not contain the correct dialing start characters, the R 151 tube remains non-conductive. The high potential at its anode continues to block rectifiers G161 and G160, so that the evaluation circuit is not separated from the memories. The anode potential of the tube R 151 is also applied to the rectifier G165 of the gate circuit T 117 via the voltage divider (not shown), so that this remains blocked when the tube is non-conductive.

As explained above, after the last current step of each teletype character has been scanned, tube R 132 is briefly conductive. The positive impulse occurring at its cathode resistance reaches the first grid of tubes R 135 and R 136. The third grid of these tubes is controlled by tube R 134 of the memory switch. During the scanning of the first dialing start character, the tube R 134 is conductive, and a potential preventing them from becoming conductive is present on the third grids of the tubes R 135 and i? 136 via an unspecified delaying i? C element in each case. The impulse which occurs after the last step of the first telex character has been scanned on the first grids of these tubes and delivered by tube R 132 therefore has no effect. As already explained, tube R 134 is non-conductive during the scanning of the second dial start character, and there is now such a high potential at the third grids of tubes R 135 and 136 that if, after scanning the last current step of the second dial start character the above-mentioned positive impulse supplied by the tube R 132 occurs at the first grids of these tubes, these two tubes become conductive. The R 136 tube is immediately conductive, while the R 135 tube becoming conductive is delayed for a certain time, explained below, by the i? C combination lying in the circuit of the first grid of the R 135 tube, which is not specified in detail. When the tube R 136 becomes conductive, a positive pulse occurs at its cathode, which blocks the rectifier G166 of the gate circuit T117 and the rectifier G171 of the gate circuit T 118.

If, through the evaluation of the dialing start characters, it has been determined that incorrect dialing start characters are contained in the memories, then, as explained, the tube R 151 is non-conductive. The rectifier G165 is a reverse voltage, and when the rectifier G166 is blocked, the gate Γ117 is via the rectifier G167 a positive pulse on the Entkopplungstor ET 107. About the rectifier G 168 and G passes 169 this positive pulse to the first grid of the tubes R 148 and 2? 150. As a result, these tubes become conductive, and the start-of-dial evaluator is switched to the rest position. The R 151 tube still remains non-conductive. Since the tube R 151 is non-conductive, the rectifier G172 of the gate circuit T 118 is not blocked, so that the blocking of the rectifier G171 by the above-mentioned positive pulse remains ineffective.

If the tube R 151 is conductive, there is no blocking potential at the rectifier G165, and the blocking of the rectifier G166 remains ineffective for the gate circuit T 117. Since the voltage rise at the cathode of tube R 151 takes place only very slowly and at the point in time when the above-mentioned positive pulse is emitted from tube R 136, which blocks rectifiers G166 and G 171, the voltage at rectifier G172 is still not one Blocking the same effecting size

009 588/175

35 36

is enough, neither the gate circuit T 117 nor the and G 169 are on the first grid of the tubes 148 and gate circuit Γ118 when this pulse I? A pulse reaching 150 causes an output pulse to become conductive. As a result, the tube of these tubes remains, so that the dial start character evaluator i? 151 continues to be conductive, and the am is now switched to its rest position, whereby the cathode potential of these 5 R 151, which is located in the tube rectifier G172, becomes non-conductive, as explained above. Tube has a height such that the rectifier is blocked by the overall Wahlendetor R 152 pulse delivered. reaches through the rectifier G 174 to the rectifier only after the tube R 136 has a positive G175 of the gate circuit T 119. This rectifier pulse is output to the rectifiers G 166 and G 171 is blocked during this pulse. Then the R 135 tube becomes conductive. At the node resistance within this pulse at the rectifier G 176 was this tube, which is also common to all storage tubes of this gate circuit from tube R 119 of the R 137 to 146, a voltage synchronization part of the switch occurs via the line drop , which causes that now all raw -103 a blocking pulse occurs, these ren of the two memories are erased and thus a gate circuit via its rectifier G177 is prepared for the reception of the dialing signals. 15 positive pulse. The tube of the R-152 GELIE The tube R 135 is thereafter again non-conductive. ferte impulse is slightly longer than one pulse period of the After the start of dialing characters are given by the pulses that are assigned to the participants. So that the two dial signals are scanned on. In it is ensured that the gate circuit Π19 explains at least exactly the same way as for the first dialing a pulse in the phase of the calling part start character, the first dialing signal is sent to the output gates T 113 and T 114 of the one from the tubes i? 137 to i? 141 releases existing memory part of the intermediary. The one saved from memory. The storage of the pulse emitted by the second rectifier G177 blocks the selection signal in the same way as the second dial start character for rectifiers G183 to G187 of the gate circuit Γ113 explains, in which off and the rectifiers G193 to G197 of the gate circuit the tubes R 142 and i? 146 existing memory. 25 T 114. The rectifiers G178 to G 182 and G 188 The storage of the dialing signals remains for the until G 192 are controlled by the tubes R 137 to iül46 dialing start character evaluators ineffect. If one of these tubes is ignited, it is blocked by the gate circuit T115 and T116 when the rectifier connected to its cathode is switched off, the conduction of the tube R 151 from the memory and disconnected at the relevant output of the gate circuit Γ113. After the last 30 and T 114 have been sampled, a positive pulse occurs. Is z. B. the current step of the second selection signal is re- ignited tube R 137, through this the around the tube R 132 is conductive, and from its cathode rectifier G178 is blocked, and the equalization is again on the first grid of the tube rectifier G183 is blocked, a positive pulse is given via equi? 135 and i? 136. Since tube R 134 is non-conductive in rectifier G198 at this point in time _{, there is 35} 106. If, for example, tube R 138 is not ignited, the third grids of tubes R 135 and R 136 are not connected to rectifier G179 blocking a sufficiently positive potential, so that this by potential, and via the rectifier G199 no conductive positive pulse supplied by the tube R 132 is given to the line 107. Disappear. What is said about the cathode of the tube R 136 applies to the other branches of the gated pulse, in turn, blocks the rectifier circuits T 113 and Γ114. The ones in tubes R 137 G166 and G171. If the tube R 151 is non-conductive, the dialing signals stored up to 146 are blocked, and the rectifier G165 is blocked with the pulse blocking of the rectifier G166 associated with the calling subscriber 117 a positive (parallel output) via its rectifier G167, which leads to the input of the vertive impulse at the decoupling gate ET 107. This 45 lead to the marker stronger.

Impulse arrives via rectifiers G168 and G169 After the tube R 136, as before

to the first grids of the tubes i? 148 and i? 150. As described, the R 135 tube is conductive, whereby all

these tubes, as already explained, are already conducting, _c he pipes the memory lj non-conductive and for the

however, these impulses have no effect. When preparing the inclusion of new voting start characters

Tube R 151 will not turn 50 if the dialing code is incorrect.

The rectifier G172 is not conductive. The pulse emitted by the gate circuit Γ119 via the DC block and the blocking of the rectifier G171 rectifier G177 does not reach the synchronization part of the switch via the line 104 at the output of the gate circuit Γ118. Pulse. On the other hand, if the tube R 151 is conductive with correct 55 lungstores ET 102 to the rectifier G116 of the gate dialing signs, the rectifier G165 is circuit Γ104 and blocks it. The rectifier is not blocked, and the blocking of the rectifier G114 of the gate circuit T104 is on the line G 166 and remains ineffective for the gate circuit T 117. 103, so that it is blocked at the same time as the rectifier. The G176 of the gate circuit T 119 caused by the conduction of the tube R 151. Due to the charging of the capacitor C 102, the simultaneous blocking of the rectifiers G114 has progressed so far in the meantime that on and G116 of the gate circuit Γ104 it gives a blocking potential to its rectifier G115 via rectifier G172. By blocking the rectifier G171, the first grid 'of the tube R 123, as a result of which the gate circuit T 118 becomes conductive via the rectifier. The tube R 123 delivers a G173 positive pulse to the first grid of the 6g reset pulse as well as to the synchronization part tube R 152. This tube forms the election gate. as well as to the memory part of the intermediary. By the conduction of the tube R 152, a positive linder anode transformer arrives via the cathode of the tube R 123, a positive pulse on the pulse to the delay element V 100. This delay rectifier is given to G170 and G174. The over the approximate element causes such a delay this rectifier G170 and over the rectifier G168 70 pulse that this at the beginning of a negative

37 38

Rectangular change of the from. Counting multiplex supplied bimetallic contact current, so · that the bimetallic contact sum pulse at the start counter switch and on is heated. The heating coil of the bimetal occurs in the first grids of the tubes of the counting chain. contact is dimensioned in such a way that the contact is only closed after a predetermined time has elapsed during a negative square change. Counting multiplex delivered pulse is the counting chain 5 You can z. B. be dimensioned so that four television friction are not switched on, so the reset pulse hits in characters that contain all positive character steps, the counting pause on the tubes R 108, i? 110, i? 112, the bimetallic contact does not respond, RlIi, R116 and R 118 of the counting chain and, if the positive potential lasts longer, causes the same to become conductive. The counter is thus in z. B. takes 30 seconds, the bimetal contact closes the rest position switched back. Simultaneously with it io ßen, whereby a positive voltage is applied to an alarm, the reset pulse via the rectifier device A. When closing the G120 to the first grid of the tube R 105, whereby bimetallic contact occurs at the resistor W 152 this becomes conductive and the tube R 104 is blocked. The potential passes through the differentiating capacitor start counter switch is thus also switched back to the sator C 103 to the rectifier G117 of the decoupling basic position, which has the consequence that 15 gates ET 102 and from there to the rectifier G116 that the incoming over the line 10 Pulses of the gate circuit T 104. This rectifier is no longer able to count multiplexes, which are now blocked, and the gate circuit T 104 gives its rectifier G115 a positive pulse on the chain again via more counters switched back to its rest position . The synchronization - the first grid of the tube R 123, whereby this part of the operator is now in the idle position, is conducting and the position already explained in more detail above and is ready for a new call. Reset pulse supplies. This reset pulse switches

The reset pulse tet is fed via line 105 in the same way as already explained to the memory part of the intermediary. The synchronization and storage part of the intermediary reaches its basic position via the rectifier G 208 to the first grid. Simultaneously with the resetting of the R 134 tube, which makes it conductive. The memory switch is thus able to give the calling subscriber the busy signal in order to draw his attention to the fact that the intermediary who originally made his choice is time-consuming. The memory switch stood at one should take, no longer on its pulse phase synordnormal choice already in this position. is chronized and the participant has his choice of The reset pulse here only then a 30 must begin at the beginning,

Effect if no proper selection takes place When the bimetal contact is closed, the

found. This is the case, for example, with the "subscriber-does-not-dial-alarm" explained in more detail below on the capacitor C104 connected to the anode of the tube R 122. tive potential. The first grid of this tube through the rectifier G 209 passes the restoring are the 119 pulses supplied from the tube R, pulse also to Entkopplungstor ET 107, 35 which, as already explained, with the calling Teildem from it via the rectifier G168 and G169 to the assigned pulse phase from the anode transformer to the first grids of the tubes R 148 and 150 to the tube R 119. The R 122 tube reaches out and makes these tubes conductive. As a result, the dialing becomes conductive, and a positive pulse is also switched to the rest position at its cathode start sign evaluator in the resistor W153, so that the entire 40 occurs in the phase of the calling subscriber. This part of the memory of the operator for the reception of new impulses is prepared via the rectifier G106 and via the start of dialing characters. the line 15 is fed to the busy multiplex. Above

The operators are semi-centralized facilities and the busy multiplex affects this pulse, which is only available in a limited number in each office. So that these devices cannot be unnecessarily occupied for a long time in the description of the subscriber circuit, once one is explained, the busy signal occurs there. The dialing that has been started is interrupted for a certain period of time. Tube R 123 can be made conductive by pressing the T 0 button; This will also allow the intermediary in his z. B. be the case when the start of dialing basic position is switched, character YY has been sent properly 50 The operator takes the flow steps of the dialing, but after this there is a longer pause. Signals are input in a row and they are output in parallel - The "subscriber-does-not-dial-alarm" is triggered by the output on lines 106 to 115. The parallel tube R 124 is triggered. In the pre-output, this tube was carried out, as explained, in the phase of the high-vacuum triode in the case in question, the pulse assigned to the subscribers calling in this way. The tension is that it usually remains blocked. 55 lines 106 to 115 can be connected directly to the input of the marker receives from the cathode of the tube R 120. In the present Aus tube R 124 via an unspecified exemplary embodiment of the invention, these lines are voltage dividers such a potential at their first, however, as shown in FIG. 16, to the first grid grid that the tube at positive current steps. of tubes i? 153 to i? 162. Each of these of the teletype characters becomes conductive. As already 60 tubes is a pulse amplifier. B. explained earlier, with positive current steps the positive potential on the line 106, then tube R 120 becomes conductive, and the tube R 153 at its cathode is conductive, and the voltage drop occurring in the anode resistor causes this tube to conduct Transmitter lying on the ground will conduct the tube R 124. Each interruption pulse of the line 106 amplified on the line 116 of a choice causes the tube 65 to become conductive. Assuming that on line 107 i? 120, since in this case there is no positive impulse from the dialing subscriber, the tube separating current is sent. As a result, i? 154 is non-conductive, and the tube i? Appears on line 117 during this time as well. 124 is conductive. also no positive impulse. The lines 116 While this tube is conducting, the first selection signal flows through to 120 and the heating coil in the anode line of a 70 lines 121 to 125 transmit the second. The lines 116

to 125 represent multiple fields at which the outputs all intermediaries are, if necessary, via decoupling switching means. On the line z. B. so occur all the first current steps of the first selection signal of all intermediaries, namely with the Pulse phase of the respective calling subscriber. The same applies to the other lines.

In FIGS. 17 to 21 exemplary embodiments of circuit arrangements of the central marker ZMA according to the invention are shown. The central marker has the task of transmitting the first and second dialing signals supplied in parallel input from the operator on lines 116 to 125 in parallel output to multiple fields of the central numbering circuits ZNU both in the original position and in the inverted position. Since the central marker is only available once in the office and would make the entire office unable to work if it failed, devices are provided which switch to a replacement marker in the event of a fault in the marker.

The first dial signal supplied on lines 116 to 120 by the switch is transmitted to lines 301 to 305, which form the input multiple field for the first dial signal of the central marker. The second dial signal provided by the operator on lines 121 to 125 is transmitted on lines 306 to 310 which form the input multiple field for the second dial signal from the central marker. The tubes R301 to 305 serve for the direct transmission of the first dialing signal appearing on the lines 301 to 305 to the original multiple field consisting of the lines 311 to 315 for the first dialing signal of the central number circuits. The tubes R 306 to 310 invert the first dialing signal appearing on the lines 301 to 305 and transmit the inverted dialing signal to the multiple field of the central number circuits for the inverted first dialing signal consisting of the lines 316 to 320. The tubes i-311 to i-315 transmit the second dialing signal occurring on the lines 306 to 310 directly to the original multiple field of the central number circuits for the second dialing signal, which consists of the lines 321 to 325. The tubes R 316 to 320 invert the second dialing signal and transmit it to the multiple field of the central number circuits consisting of the lines 326 to 330 for the inverted second dialing signal. The tubes R 301 to R 320 form the operational marker that is normally used. Of the tubes R 311 to R 320, only tubes RZIl, RZlB, R316 and i? 320 are shown. The missing tubes are analogously connected to the input multiple field of the second dialing signal and to the multiple fields of the second dialing signal of the central number circuits, as shown for the first dialing signal for tubes R 301 to 310.

If a fault occurs in the operational marker, a switch is made to a replacement marker. The replacement marker consists of tubes R 321 to i? 340. The tubes .R 321 to i-325 are connected to the respective multiple fields in exactly the same way as the tubes i-301 to i-305. Again, for the sake of simplicity, only the tubes i? 321 and R 325 are shown . The tubes i? 326 to R 330 correspond to the tubes R 306 to R 310 and the tubes R 331 to R 340 correspond to the tubes R 311 to R 320. - -

Depending on the tests explained in more detail below, either the operational marker or, if it is faulty, the replacement marker is switched on. The two markers are switched on or switched over using the marker switch. This consists of the tubes 2? 343 and i? 344, which are connected together in the form of a bistable multivibrator. If the operational marker is not defective, the tube R 343 is conductive and consequently the tube

ίο i? 344 non-conductive. As a result, the potential at the anode of tube R 344 is more positive than that at the anode of tube R 343. The anode potential of tube i? 344 is at the first grids of tubes 2? 301 to i? 305 and 2? 311 to 2? 315 and 2? 342. The anode potential of tube R 344 is chosen so that it makes the tubes on whose first grids it is non-conductive, but prepares these tubes so that they become conductive when a sufficiently large positive pulse occurs on their first grids. The first grids of the tubes 2? 301 to 2? 305 and 2? 311 to J? 315 are applied to the input multiples for the first and second selection signals. If a positive pulse supplied by the switch occurs on the corresponding lines of the input multiples, the tubes assigned to these lines become conductive. Assuming that line 116 has given such a positive pulse to line 301, tube R 301 becomes conductive. If the line 117 has not delivered such a pulse, the remains

Tube R 30'2 non-conductive. The same applies to the other tubes. The aforementioned positive impulses also occur on the first grids of the tubes 2? 321 to i? 325 and R331 to 2? 335 of the replacement marker. The grids of these tubes are, however, at the anode of tube 2? 343, and since this is conductive, the anode potential of this tube is insufficient to prepare the grids of tubes R 321 to 25325 and 25331 to 25335 so that they can be made conductive by the pulses appearing on lines 301 to 310. These tubes therefore remain blocked when the operational marker is in operation.

Lines 301 to 310 end at rectifiers G 301 to G 310 of decoupling gate ET 301. During the pulse phase assigned to the calling subscriber, the dialing signals are transmitted simultaneously to the input multiples, ie lines 301 to 310. The combination "32" of the teletype alphabet, since it consists of five character stream steps, is not permitted for both dialing signals at the same time. As a result, at least one of these lines will carry ppsitive potential during this time. This positive potential reaches the rectifier G 361 of the gate circuit T 301 via the corresponding rectifier of the decoupling gate ET 301 and blocks it. At the same time, a positive pulse from the central basic generator ZGG is applied to the rectifier G 362 of this gate circuit, whereby this rectifier is also blocked and the gate circuit T 301 sends a positive pulse to the first grid of the tubes 25341 and 25342 via its rectifier G 363. As described, the tube R 342 is already prepared on the first grid, and the pulse supplied by the rectifier G 363 causes this tube to become conductive. As a result, a positive pulse is sent to the second grids of the tubes 25306 to R310 and 25316 to 25320 via the transformer located in the anode line of this tube. The tube R 341 remains, since it is not prepared on the first grid, not-

conductive, and no positive potential is applied to the second grid of the tubes via their anode transformer 2? 326 to .R 330 and 2? 336 to 2? 340 laid.

As previously assumed, the R 301 tube should have become conductive. As a result, their anode potential is reduced so much that the first grid of the tube R 306 is blocked via the voltage divider (not shown). The conductive tube R 301, in whose cathode line the resistor W 301 is located,

25306 to 25310 and 25316 to 25320 are therefore not prepared. Since none of the tubes R 301 to 25320 can now become conductive, the operational marker is switched off, and since the tubes 25321 to 5 25340 are now prepared, the replacement marker is switched on. The replacement marker now transmits the selection signals occurring on the input multiple fields in exactly the same way as was described above for the operational marker

causes a voltage drop at this, so that io on lines 311 to 330. The rectifiers

G 364 and G 365 serve to limit the voltages supplied by the anode transformers of the tubes R 341 and 25.342 when these tubes are conducting to the second grid of the inverting tubes.

In FIGS. 19 to 21, for example, there are circuit arrangements of the control and switching devices of the central marker. Since the marker is only available once in the office and for the Security of choice is responsible for his

FIG. 19 is a circuit arrangement for routine checking, and FIG. 20 is a circuit arrangement for a test represented by the dial signals themselves. The routine test is carried out either with a specific Phase of the system or after connection by a specific connection circuit. In the In the circuit arrangement shown in Fig. 19, the routine check is carried out in that all of the

a positive potential occurs on line 311,
which is taken from the number circuits to be explained later with a sufficiently low resistance
can be. Since the R 306 tube is non-conductive,
no voltage drops across its cathode resistor W 306
voltage from, and on line 316 occurs accordingly
no positive potential. If the tube R 302 is non-conductive, there is no drop in its anode resistance
Potential from what has the consequence that over the not
The voltage divider designated in more detail has a positive position either through the selection signals themselves or

potential occurs on the first grid of the R 307 tube, but should be checked by means of a routine test. In through this, since it is prepared on its second grid, becomes conductive. At the cathode resistor
As a result, WZQ2 of tube R 302 does not drop any voltage, and no positive 25 appears on line 312
Potential. However, a voltage drop occurs across the cathode resistor W307 of the conductive tube R 307
on what is a positive potential on line 317
has the consequence. The same applies to the other tubes above

Said accordingly. Those of the lines 116 to 30, lines 301 to 310 simultaneously carry positive potential 120, which carry positive potential, this is given. Assuming that the operating line 301 to 305 is switched on and that the corresponding lines 301 to 305 are switched on - for the replacement marker those of the tubes 25301 to R 305 which are the same with theirs apply - then the tubes R 301 to the first grid must then be connected to the 25305 and 25311 to 25315 carrying positive potential must be conductive, and on the lines become conductive, so that lines 311 to 315 of the multiple potential corresponding to the positive potential must appear on the 35 lines 311 to 315 and 321 to 325. If a positive potential occurs on the lines. Those of the 301 to 310 do not have a positive Po tubes 25306 to 25310 during the test period that are potential to the conductive tubes, so the tubes 25301 to 25305 and must be ordered, remain non-conductive, and on them 25311 to 25315 remain non-conductive, and no positive field may occur on lines 316 to 320 of the multiples 311 to 315 and 321 to 325 assigned to it. For whom there is no tive potential. This means that the circuits 301 to 305 of the tubes # 301 to 25305 and 25311 to 25315 with the multiple field carrying positive potential and the tubes assigned to them have been tested for safety, because only if the above does the corresponding apply accordingly. At the Lei tun potentials on lines 311 to 315 and 321 to 311 to 315 so that the first selection signal occurs in 45 325, these circuits are OK. Original position and on the lines 316 to 320 in A conduction of the tubes 25301 to 2? 305 and inverted position are transmitted. What has been said above applies analogously to the second dial signal.

If the operational marker is defective, then how

explained below, the substitute marker is 5 ° no positive potential. The R 301 tubes remain

switches. This is done using the marker switch, until 2? 305 and 25311 to 25315 on the other hand non-conductive,

where the tube R 344 is now conductive and the tube must be tubes 2? 306 to R 310 and R 316 to

2? 343 is blocked. By being the leader of tube 2? 320 become conductive, and on lines 316 to

R 344 are the first grids of tubes 2? 301 to 320 and 326 to 330 occurs positively in this case

2? 305 and 2? 311 to 25315 now not prepared 55 potential. The circuits of the

and can through the tubes on lines 301 to 310 2? 306 to 2? 310 and 25316 to 2? 320 with

Occurring positive impulses not made conductive. Safety checked.

will. For this purpose, the tube 25343 from a square wave generator ZGG, which is only available as

first grid of tubes 2? 321 to 2? 325 and 2? 331 block diagram is shown and e.g. the following

up to 2? 335 and the first grid of tube 2? 341 in 60 gend the central basic generator explained in more detail

prepared in the manner described above. That can be with, a connection circuit 331 is controlled in such a way that

Occurrence of the selection signals from the gate circuit that it the latching counter 332 at certain times

A positive pulse delivered to T 301 now causes a start, which opens a pulse gate T 310 in accordance with the phase,

The tube 2? 341 becomes conductive, and via its connection, in turn, via the line 11, a blanking

The ground transformer will deliver positive potential to the two- 65 pulse on the free multiplex of the system, so

th grid of tubes 2? 326 to 2? 330 and 2? 336 until this pulse phase has no calling subscriber

2? 340 so that these tubes can be assigned more of their second. The impulse gate T310

Grids are prepared. The tube 2? 342, which also supplies to for the duration of an entire dialing

your first grid is now not prepared, signals to the first grid of the probe tubes 2? 341 and

remains non-conductive, and the second grid of the tubes 7 ° 2? 342 a pulse. It also delivers to the same

009 588/175

2? 311 to R 315 causes tubes 75306 to 25310 and 2? 316 to 25320 to remain non-conductive. Thus occurs on lines 316-320 and 326-330

judge G 366 of the control gate circuit Γ 304 and an impulse to another impulse gate T 311. This pulse is transformed in the pulse gate Γ 311 so that it is only during a part, preferably only during half of the time in which the gate circuit T 310 supplies a pulse, such a pulse to the rectifier G 370 of the gate circuit T 305, whereby this Rectifier is locked. The devices ZGG _1, shown only as a block diagram, the connection circuit 331, the latching counter 332 and the pulse gates T310 and T311 are central devices which will be described further below or are constructed in the same way as circuit parts already explained. *

During the time in which a positive pulse from the gate circuit T 311 blocks the rectifier G 370, the gate circuit T 305 sends a positive pulse to the lines 301 to 310 via its rectifier G 311 to G 320 thus about half of the duration of the interval of a dial signal positive potential. A dialing signal that only consists of positive potentials corresponds to the step group »letter switching«, and since this group is used for control purposes in the following example, this step group must not be used as the first and second dialing signal at the same time, otherwise the control devices will use the this dialing signal would call or synchronize subscribers. Devices are conceivable that block the corresponding subscriber circuit for the control phase. However, these trivial possibilities are not described. During the second half of the pulse delivered by gate 310 to gate T 311, gate T311 gives no positive potential to rectifier G 37Oj so that it remains permeable and gate circuit T305 via its rectifier G 311 to G 320 does not have a positive potential at the Lines 301 to 310 are there. A telex character that has only negative potential corresponds to step group 32 of the international telegraph alphabet, and this step group must not be used simultaneously for the first and second dialing signal, since then, as already mentioned, when such a dialing signal is sent by the control device of corresponding subscribers drawn would be synchronized. During the time in which the gate circuit T 305 applies positive potential to the lines 301 to 310, the tubes 2? 301 to i? 305 and i? 311 to R515 conductive, while, depending on these tubes becoming conductive, tubes i? 306 to R310 and i? 316 to i? 320 remain non-conductive. A positive potential occurs on lines 311 to 315 and 321 to 325, while this is not the case with lines 316 to 320 and 326 to 330. Via the gate circuit T301, when the gate circuit T 305 delivers a positive pulse, such a pulse also reaches the first grid of the tubes i-341 and i-342, whereby the tube 7-342 sends a positive pulse to the second. Provides grid of tubes i? 306 to R310 and i? 316 to R320. These tubes are thereby prepared on their second grid and, since their first grids are also positive, they become conductive.

The rectifiers G 321 to G 330 of the gate circuit Γ 302 are connected to lines 311 to 315 and 321 to 325, while the rectifiers G 331 to G 340 of the gate circuit T 303 are connected to lines 316 to 320 and 326 to 330. Before a positive potential was applied to lines 301 to 310 by gate circuit T305, a quiescent current flows via transformer U 301, rectifiers G 321 to G 330 of gate circuit Γ302 and resistors W301 to W305 and W311 to W315. A quiescent current also flows via the transformer Ϊ7302, the rectifiers G 331 to G 340 of the gate circuit T 301 and via the resistors 1 ^ 306 to W310 and W 316 to PF320. After the test potential has been fed into lines 301 to 310, there must be positive potential on lines 311 to 315 and 321 to 325. As a result, the rectifiers G 321 to G 330 are blocked, the quiescent current through the transformer U 301 is interrupted, as a result of which a negative pulse is supplied to the rectifier G 369 of the gate circuit T 304, which causes a current to flow through this rectifier and its associated winding Transformer U7301 has the consequence that the gate circuit T 304, although its rectifier G 366 and also the rectifier G 368 are blocked, cannot emit a positive pulse via its rectifier G 367. While the gate circuit T 302 sends a negative pulse to the rectifier G 369, the gate circuit Γ303 is not affected, since its rectifiers G331 to G 340 are still permeable, so that the rectifier G 368 remains blocked.

In the second half of the test interval, the rectifier G 370 is no longer blocked, and the gate circuit T 305 does not supply a positive potential to the lines 301 to 310. As a result, the lines 316 to 320 and 326 to 330 are now positive, so that the rectifiers G 331 to G 340 are now blocked, whereby the current flow through the winding of the transformer U 302 assigned to these rectifiers is interrupted and the rectifier G 368, to which a negative pulse is supplied by its assigned winding of the transformer £ / 302, is permeable will. The gate circuit T 304 is therefore not able to emit a pulse via its rectifier G 367 in this case either. While rectifiers G 331 to G 340 are blocked, rectifiers G321 to G330 are permeable, so that rectifier G 369 remains blocked. The preparation of the tubes of the operational marker remains the same as in the first half of the test interval, since the gate circuit T 310 causes tube I? 342 is kept conductive.

If any tube of the operational marker is defective or if there is an interruption in the coupling between the input and inverting tubes, the gate circuits T 302 and T303 do not supply a negative pulse to the gate circuit T 304, which then supplies a positive pulse via the rectifier G 367 the first grid of the tube i? 344, whereby this is conductive and the tube i? 343 is blocked. In this position of the marker switch, the operational marker is switched off and the replacement marker is switched on. The tubes i? 345 and i? 346 are used to indicate which marker is switched on. If the operational marker is working, the tube i? 346, e.g. B. a glow tube can be ignited, while when the replacement marker is working, the tube 2? 345 is ignited. Gate circuit T302 tests the circuits of tubes R301 to i? 305 and i? 311 to i? 315, while gate circuit T303 checks the circuits of tubes R306 to i? 310 and i? 316 to i? 320 Γ 302 and Γ 303 a display device can be controlled, which shows in which of the tube

groups a malfunction has been detected. This display device is not shown in the exemplary embodiment, their training can be left to the specialist.

If the gate circuit T 304 already delivers a pulse at the beginning of the first half of the test period, which indicates that the operational marker is defective and which switches it off and the replacement marker is switched on, the switchover takes place practically without delay, and for the remainder of the first Half of the test interval, the replacement marker is also checked by the gate circuit T 302. Since the replacement marker is then also switched on in the second half, this is also checked by the gate circuit T 303. In this case, the replacement marker is also fully checked. For the details of the check, what has been said for the operational marker applies without restriction. When the replacement marker is switched on, a voltage drop occurs across the resistor W 321, which prepares an alarm device 334 (not shown in detail) so that if, during the above-described control of the replacement marker via the rectifier G 367, a pulse which also identifies the replacement marker as disturbed is sent to the Means 334 is provided to indicate that both operational and replacement markers are defective. The training of this facility can be left to the specialist.

If during the check of the operation marker during the first half of the test interval by the gate circuit T 302 no fault was detected, while the test carried out in the second half of the test interval a malfunction of the operation marker was detected by the gate circuit T 303, then the In the second half of the test interval, the operational markers are switched off and the replacement markers switched on. As a result, only the tubes I? 326 to R33O and i? 336 to i? 340 of the replacement marker are checked, while the tubes i? 321 to R325 and i? 331 to R335 are checked in the first half of the test interval takes place, remain unchecked. If one of the tubes i? 326 to i? 330 and R336 to i? 340 is defective, the device 334 indicates that the operating and replacement markers are not in order. However, if these tubes are OK, it is uncertain whether the other parts of the replacement marker are OK. However, in the event that a switchover from operational to substitute marker has taken place, a device (not shown) can cause a complete check, including the substitute marker, to take place in a further test interval.

In the circuit arrangement shown in FIG. 19 there is also a control device which responds when the operational or replacement marker or the control part for these markers are completely disturbed. This can e.g. B. occur that the heating voltage for the tubes of the marker or for the tubes I? 341 to i? 344 of the control part fails. The fact that, when on lines 301 to. 310 dial signals occur, the decoupling gate -ET 301 always emits a positive pulse. If one of the above-mentioned parts is not completely disturbed, the decoupling gate ET 302, which consists of rectifiers G 341 to G 360, must also emit a positive pulse. If this decoupling gate does not emit a positive impulse, this is a sign that part of the marker is completely disturbed.

The control circuit works as follows: The selection signals appearing on lines 301 to 310 cause the decoupling gate ET 301 to emit a positive pulse. This is fed to the rectifier G371 of the gate circuit T 306, whereby this rectifier is blocked. If the decoupling gate ET 302 gives a positive pulse to the primary winding of the transformer t / 303 at the same time, this is transmitted via the secondary winding

ίο Transformer put a negative pulse on the rectifier G 372 so that it becomes conductive. As a result, no positive pulse can occur at the output of the gate circuit T 306. Since there is no defect in the marker in this case, the gate circuit T 306 does not trigger any further switching processes. If, on the other hand, the decoupling gate ET 301 has delivered a pulse that blocks the rectifier G 371 and the decoupling gate £ T302 does not deliver a positive pulse to the transformer £ 7303, the rectifier G 372 of the gate circuit T 306 remains blocked, and this is emitted via the rectifier G 373 Gate circuit a positive pulse on line 335, which leads to the input of the central multiplex amplifier ZMV3 . This positive pulse arrives on line 14 of the busy multiplex and has the effect that the calling subscriber is given a busy signal, as already described. He is informed that his election has not been successful and must be repeated. At the same time, this positive pulse delivered by gate T 306 also reaches the ignition electrode of tube i? 347, making it conductive. Alarm and display devices, not shown in detail, can be actuated through the tube i? 347, which signal the detected fault of the marker in the office. However, it is also possible to use the R 347 tube to switch on a new marker which is constructed and operates in the same way as the marker described above.

After a facility for routine testing of the central marker has been described above, the circuit arrangement of a control device shown in FIG. 20 is explained in more detail below, in which the dial signals themselves are used to control the marker. During routine checks a pulse phase of the free multiplex for the establishment of connections is lost because this pulse phase yes is used to carry out the routine control. This disadvantage occurs when a check is carried out which comes into effect with each of the incoming dial signals, does not appear. In addition, the in Fig. 20 shown control device has the advantage that if it causes a malfunction is found in the operational marker, the replacement marker is switched on immediately, so that the Lines 301 to -310 occurring dialing signals despite Disturbance of the operational marker can be transmitted to lines 311 to 330 practically without delay and Due to the rapid switching, no transformation or mutilation occurs, since the synchronization inputs of the subscriber circuits to pulses that are a maximum of the length of the switching time of the Marker switch, do not respond.

The gate circuit T 301 and the tubes i? 341 to R 344 have the same effect as the corresponding ones ^! Parts of Fig. 19 and are provided with the same reference numerals. The secondary side of the anode transformer of tube R 342 lies on the second grids of tubes 306 to 310 and R316 to -R320 and the secondary side of the anode transformer of tube 341 to the second grids of tubes R326 to

22330 and 72336 to 22340. In the same way as described for Fig. 19, the anode of the tube R 344 lies on the first grids of the tubes 22301 to 22305 and 22311 to 72315 and the anode of the tube R 343 lies on the first grids of the tubes 22321 to 22325 and R331 to 22335. To check the marker, the following facts are used in the circuit arrangement according to FIG. As a result of the inversion, positive potential must not occur simultaneously on the lines of the original and inverting multiple fields assigned to a current step of a selection signal. Occurs z. B. on the line 301 positive potential, the tube 22301 becomes conductive and causes a positive potential on the line 311. If the marker is OK, the tube R 306 must not be conductive, and consequently there must be no positive on the line 316 Potential occur. If a positive potential occurs on both line 311 and line 316, this indicates that the marker is defective. On the other hand, however, at least one of these lines must have a positive potential, and this fact can be used for a further check of the marker.

If selection signals come in, the decoupling gate JST301 consisting of the rectifiers G 301 to G 310 sends a positive pulse to the rectifier G 361 of the gate circuit T 301, whereby this rectifier is blocked. At the same time, however, the central basic generator ZGG also supplies a positive pulse to the rectifier G 362 of this gate circuit, and its rectifier G 363 sends a positive pulse to the first grids of the tubes 22341 and i-342. When the operation marker is on, is the one out of tubes 2? 343 and 22344 existing bistable multivibrator in a position in which the tube 22343 is conductive and the tube 7? 344 is non-conductive. As a result, there is such a preparatory potential at the first grid of the tube 22342 that the same becomes conductive due to the pulse supplied by the gate circuit T 301. The tubes 22306 to i? 310 and 2? 316 to 22320 prepared on their second grid. The tubes 22301 to 2? 305 and 22311 to 22315 are also prepared on their first grid from the anode of the tubes 22 344. The arrangement described so far corresponds in all details to that of FIG. 19. The positive pulse supplied by the rectifier G 363 also reaches the rectifier G 375 of the gate circuit T 309 and blocks it.

The gate circuit T 307, which consists of rectifiers G 380 to G 399, is used to determine whether positive potential occurs simultaneously on corresponding lines of the original and inverting multiple fields. The corresponding lines of these multiple fields are each assigned a rectifier pair which is connected to one of the rectifiers G420 to G 429 of the decoupling gate ET 303. Line 311 is on rectifier G 380 and line 316 on rectifier G 381. These two rectifiers form a rectifier pair of gate circuit Γ 307 and their common line is connected to rectifier G 420 of decoupling gate ET 303. The same applies to the rectifier G 421, consisting of rectifiers G 382 and G 383, rectifier pair of gate circuit T307 connected to lines 312 and 317. The same applies analogously to the other rectifier pairs. If a positive potential occurs on line 311, no positive potential may appear on line 316. If this is the case, the positive potential of line 311 is fed to the common point of this pair of rectifiers via the blocking resistance of rectifier G 380 and short-circuited by the forward resistance of rectifier G 381, with the result that no positive potential occurs at rectifier G420. As a result, this does not deliver a positive pulse via the differentiating capacitor C 301 to the first grid of the tube 22344 of the marker switch. This tube remains non-conductive and the operational marker is switched on. In the same way, the other rectifier pairs of the gate circuit T 307 check the corresponding lines of the output multiple fields of the marker assigned to them.

If both the line 311 and the line 316 carry a positive potential, this is transmitted via the rectifier G 380 and the rectifier G 381 to the rectifier G420 of the decoupling gate £ T303 and causes a positive potential via this rectifier and the differentiating capacitor C 301 Impulse occurs at the first grid of tube 22344. As a result, this tube becomes conductive and, in a manner known per se, blocks tube R 343 after it has become conductive. As a result, the operational marker is switched off and the replacement marker switched on. The time required to carry out the evaluation and to switch the marker switch is very short compared to the time in which the selection signals appear on lines 301 to 310. After switching over the marker switch, the tube 22341 is prepared on its first grid, and the positive pulse still supplied by the gate circuit T 301 causes this tube to become conductive. The replacement marker is thus able to correctly transmit them to lines 311 to 330 for the remaining time in which the selection signals on lines 301 to 310 are still active. This is an essential advantage of the dialing signal control method, since it prevents dialing signal transformations or mutilations from occurring. If another pair of rectifiers in the gate circuit T 307 detects a fault in the operational marker, the marker switch is switched over in the same way as described above.

If the tube 22343 has become conductive, the tube R 345 is ignited and indicates that the replacement marker is now working. A voltage drop occurs across resistor W 321 , and this voltage drop is applied to device 334 as a preparation potential. The replacement marker is checked in exactly the same way by the dialing signals now transmitted via it. If the test reveals that the replacement marker is also defective, then the decoupling gate ET 303 again delivers a positive pulse, and this passes via the capacitor C 301 to the other input of the device 334. Since the same is already prepared by the resistor W 321 , it speaks and actuates an alarm or display device. This indicates that both the operational marker and the replacement marker are defective. The device 334 may e.g. B. be a gate circuit. It is not detailed, as its training can be left to the specialist. With her z. B. a second replacement marker can be switched on in the manner described above. If no positive potential occurs on any of the corresponding lines of the multiple fields, the ET 303 decoupling gate does not deliver a positive pulse. In this case the marker is also defective

a device must be provided to indicate this fault. The decoupling gate ET304 is used in conjunction with the gate circuits T 308 and Γ309 to determine such an error. As already stated, if the marker is in order, positive potential must appear on at least one of the corresponding lines of the output multiple fields. If a positive potential occurs on both of these lines, this is determined by the gate circuit T 307, and the marker switch is switched over via the decoupling gate ET'303. If no positive potential occurs on either of these lines, this is determined by the decoupling gate £ T304, which consists of the rectifiers G400 to G419, and the gate circuit T 308, which in turn controls the gate circuit T 303, is controlled so that the Gate circuit T 309 gives a positive pulse to the first grid of tube R 344. Performs e.g. If, for example, line 311 has a positive potential, this occurs via rectifier G400 of the rectifier pair of the decoupling gate ET 304 consisting of rectifiers G 400 and G 401 and also on rectifier G 430 of gate circuit Γ 308. This rectifier is blocked, which is a sign that the mentioned rectifier pair of the decoupling gate ET 304 did not detect an error in the marker. If the other pairs of rectifiers of the decoupling gate £ T304 also find no fault in the marker, then all rectifiers G 430 to G 439 of the gate circuit T 308 are blocked. In the primary winding of the transformer Γ / 304 assigned to this gate circuit, the current flow is interrupted; this interruption acts as a negative pulse on the secondary side of the transformer, so that the rectifier G 376 becomes conductive. Thus, although the rectifier G 375 of the gate circuit T 309 is kept blocked by the gate circuit T 301, the gate circuit T 309 does not emit a positive pulse via its rectifier G 374.

If no positive potential occurs either on line 311 or on line 316, rectifier G 430 is not blocked via rectifier G 400 and G 401 and the current flow in the primary winding of transformer L / 304 is therefore not interrupted. This does not result in a negative pulse on the secondary winding of transformer t / 304, and rectifier G376 remains blocked. Since the rectifier G 375 of the gate circuit T 309 is also blocked at the same time, it sends a positive pulse to the first grid of the tube R 344 via the rectifier G374 and the differentiating capacitor C 301, making it conductive. As already described, the marker switch switches to the replacement marker. What is described above for the rectifier G 400 and G 401 of the decoupling gate ET304 and for the rectifier G 430 of the gate circuit T 308 applies analogously to the other rectifier pairs of the decoupling gate £ T304 and the other rectifiers of the gate circuit T 308.

The time required to check the multiple fields and to switch the marker switch is also short compared to the duration of the selection signals, so that these are still properly transferred to the output multiple fields after switching to the replacement marker. If the replacement marker is also disturbed, the pulse emitted by the gate circuit T309 causes the display device 334 prepared by the resistor W 321 to respond, which in turn indicates that both markers are defective.

The tests described so far do not yet determine whether one of the tubes R 301 to i-305 and i-311 to i-315 of the operational marker or the corresponding tubes of the replacement marker is faulty. To test these tubes, e.g. B. a device which is drawn in Fig. 21, which is formed from the gate circuits T 307 and T 308 can be used. If there is a positive potential on line 301, then tube 301 must become conductive, and a positive potential also occurs on line 311 as a result. If the lines 301 and 311 do not have a positive potential at the same time, this is a sign that the tube R 301 or the circuits dependent on it are faulty. If you put z. B.

the rectifier G 380 of the gate circuit T307 to the line 301 and the rectifier G 381 to the line 311, a positive pulse is then given via the rectifier G 430 of the gate T308 connected to this pair of rectifiers if a positive potential is present on both lines at the same time . This positive pulse is a sign that the R 301 tube is OK. If, on the other hand, there is no positive potential at one of the rectifiers G 380 and G 381, no positive pulse is emitted to the rectifier G 430, which is a sign that the tube R 301 is defective. If you now apply the output of the gate Γ308 to the primary winding of the transformer C / 304 assigned to the gate circuit T 308, the current in this winding is interrupted if the tube R 301 is OK and not interrupted if the tube R 301 is defective . An interruption of the current in this winding has the effect, as already described above, that the gate circuit T309 does not emit a positive pulse to the first grid of the tube R 344, while if there is no pulse on the primary winding of the transformer 17304, i.e. the current in it is not interrupted, the gate circuit T 309 emits a positive output pulse. The other rectifier pairs of the gate circuit T 307 are to be connected in a corresponding manner to the corresponding lines of the input and output multiple fields. This circuit arrangement, the further development of which can be left to a person skilled in the art, enables the named tubes of the operational and replacement marker to be properly checked.

Of course, the control devices described above can be used in combination with one another in any desired form. Each of these control devices can also control its own display device, so that it is possible to localize an occurring error from the displays of the various display devices. These and other modifications of the circuit arrangements shown, for example, do not need to be explained in more detail. When using the circuit arrangement shown in Fig. 19, the combination 32 of the international telegraph alphabet must not be used simultaneously for both dialing signals, since then the gate circuit T301 does not emit a positive pulse to the first grid of the tubes R 341 and R 342 and thus the ^ second The grid of the tubes R 206 to R 310 and R 316 to R 320 or the tubes R 326 to i? 330 and i? 336 to i? 340 are not prepared for an inversion.

In Fig. 22 and 23, the central number circuit multiple ZNU is shown. For the present embodiment it has been assumed that two selection signals are used for the selection.

Through these two dial signals, which are

009 588/175

groups of the international telegraph alphabet are formed, the called subscriber is clearly identified. For this reason, the central number circuit multiple contains evaluation circuits, one of which is provided for each step group of the telegraph alphabet for both the first and the second dialing signal. When the step group assigned to it occurs, each of the evaluation circuits emits a positive pulse at its output, which is fed via multiple fields to those of the subscriber circuits T or via the connection chains AK to the subscriber circuits T ' that have the relevant step group as a selection signal.

As already explained with the central marker, the received step groups become the first and transmit the second dial signal on lines 311 to 330 simultaneously. The lines 311 to 320 are assigned to the first dialing signal and lines 321 to 330 are assigned to the second dialing signal. Through the original and inverted transmission of the selection signals is achieved that five of the ten of this selection signal assigned lines lead positive potential, so that by the potential distribution on the ten lines the step groups of the dialing signals are clearly defined. To the positive potential Leading lines, the evaluation circuits are switched on so that they only have a positive Deliver an output pulse when the dialing signal assigned to them appears on the multiple fields.

In the case of the step group “A” of the first selection signal, the lines 311, 312, 318 to 320 carry positive potential. The rectifiers G 450 to G 454 of the gate circuit TA 1 are connected to these lines. The gate circuit TA 1 is designed so that it only gives a positive pulse to line 7 A when all rectifiers G 450 to G 454 are blocked simultaneously by the positive potential appearing on lines 311, 312 and 318 to 320. If one or more of these rectifiers is not blocked, a current flows through the resistor W 450 and the rectifier or rectifiers that are not blocked, and no positive potential occurs on the line TA. If rectifiers G 450 to G 454 are blocked at the same time, a potential increase occurs on the common line of these rectifiers, which causes the above-mentioned positive pulse on line TA. The rectifier G 455 limits this positive pulse to a predetermined value. From the above it can be seen that the gate circuit TA 1 only sends a positive pulse to line 7 A when the step group "A" occurs on the multiple field for the first selection signal. For the sake of clarity, the further evaluation circuits for the first selection signal are shown by simplified circuit diagrams. Instead of rectifiers G 450 to G 454, only rectifier G 450 is shown, and this rectifier is connected to lines 311, 312 and 318 to 320. This is to mean that these lines form the input of an evaluation circuit via five rectifiers, which are symbolically represented by a rectifier G45Q. The rectifier G 455 and the resistor W <i50 are the same in the simplified circuit diagram of an evaluation circuit as in the detailed circuit diagram explained above. For the step group “A” of the first selection signal, both the detailed circuit arrangement of an evaluation circuit and its simplified circuit arrangement are shown.

Of course, there is only one evaluation circuit for this step group. The line TA leads to all subscriber circuits T or connection chains AK that have the step group "A" as the first dial signal. In the description of the subscriber circuit, the line supplying the first dialing signal has been designated with 7 and leads to the first grid of tubes 2? 24 and I? 25th

The evaluation circuit TB1 is used to evaluate the step group “B” of the first selection signal . The dargesetellten by the rectifier 456 input rectifier G of this gate are located on the lines 311, 314, 315, 317 and 318. The feed resistance of this gate is denoted by W 451 and the voltage limiter rectifier with G 457th If the step group "B" occurs as the first selection signal, the gate circuit TBl gives a positive pulse to all lines 7 B, the z. B. lead to the first grids of the tubes i? 24 and R25 of all subscriber circuits to which the step group "B" is assigned as the first dialing signal. The gate circuit TC 1 is used to evaluate the step group "C"; The input rectifiers represented by rectifier G 458 are connected to the lines of the multiple field corresponding to step group "C" for the first selection signal, rectifier G 459 is used to limit the voltage, and resistor W4t52 is the feed resistor for this gate circuit. The output of the same is on lines 7 C, the z. B. lead to the first grid of tubes i? 24 and i? 25 of those subscriber circuits T to which the step group "C" is assigned as the first dialing signal. For the gate circuit TZl represented by the rectifiers G 460 and G 461 as well as the resistor if 453, which is used to evaluate the step group »Z«, the above applies accordingly. For the step groups "D" to "Y", only the connection points for the input rectifiers of the respective gate circuits are shown on the multiple field of the first selection signal. These circuits must be thought of supplemented by the corresponding gate circuits, which are constructed in exactly the same way as those described above. The outputs of these gate circuits lead to lines 7 D to 7 Y.

Evaluation circuits of similar structure are provided for the step groups of the second selection signals. For the step group “A” of the second selection signal, there is again a detailed circuit example of an evaluation circuit TAT. and a symbolic representation of the same drawn. The rectifiers G 462 to G 466 are on lines 321, 322, 328 to 330 of the multiple field for the second selection signal. If a positive potential occurs on these lines at the same time, these rectifiers are blocked and a positive pulse occurs on the line SA. The resistor W 454 is the feed resistor of the gate circuit TA2. The output of this gate circuit is on the line SA. This line leads to the second grid of tubes i? 24 and R25 of the subscriber circuits T, to which the step group "A" is assigned as the second dialing signal. If the rectifiers G462 to G466 are not all blocked at the same time, then a bias voltage which blocks these tubes is applied to their second grids via the resistor W 455. The resistor W 455 is therefore the grid leakage resistance for the second grid of the tubes R 24 and R 25 of all subscriber circuits to which the step group "A" is assigned as the second dial signal. Will the same

Richter G 462 to G 466 blocked at the same time by the step group "A" appearing on the multiple field for the second dial signal, the potential at the common connection point of these rectifiers increases, and via the capacitor C 450 a high positive is applied to line 8 A Transmit impulse so that the second grids of tubes ί? 24 and R25 are unlocked. The symbolic representation of this circuit arrangement is drawn again under the circuit arrangement TA 2 explained above. The rectifier G 462, which leads to the lines 321, 322, and 328 to 330, so symbolizes the five input rectifier G 462 to G 466 of the gate TA2..Oit resistors ^ F 454 and JF455, and the capacitor C 450 are the same as in the detailed circuit arrangement of this evaluation circuit. In the following, only the symbolic representation of the evaluation circuits is used.

The gate circuit TB2 with the symbolic rectifier G 467, the resistors W & 56 and PF457 and the capacitor C451 is used to evaluate the step group "B" of the second selection signal. Its output leads to the lines 8 B, which lead to the second grids of the tubes 2 - 24 and 1 - 25 of the subscriber circuits T , to which the step group "B" is assigned as the second dialing signal. For the evaluation circuit TC 2 consisting of the rectifier G 468 and the resistors fF458 and £ F459 as well as the capacitor C 452 as well as for the evaluation circuit TZ 2 consisting of the rectifier G 469, the resistors f-F460 and W 461 and the capacitor C 453 the above analogously. Of the other evaluation circuits for the second selection signals, only the connections for the step groups "D", "E", "X" and "Y" to the multiple field for the second selection signal are shown. Here, too, a separate evaluation circuit is provided for each step group, which leads to the corresponding lines 8 D to 8 Y.

If the step group "A" occurred as the first selection signal, the gate circuit TA 1 sends a positive pulse to the lines TA. If the step group “A” now also occurs as the second selection signal, the gate circuit TA 2 also supplies a positive pulse to the lines 8A. Only the subscriber circuit that has assigned the step groups "AA" as a dialing signal receives positive potential via the lines TA and 8A at the same time on the first and second grids of the tubes R 24 and 25 and, if it is not already occupied, is through the conduction of the tube R 24 is synchronized with the pulse phase with which the call is made. All other subscriber circuits remain unaffected by this call, since none of them have the first and second grids of their tubes R 24 and i? 25 at the same time as positive potential due to the dialing signals "AA". If, for example, the step groups "CZ" appear as selection signals, the gate circuit TC 1 supplies a positive pulse to line 7 C and gate circuit ΓΖ2 sends a positive pulse to line 8 Z. Lines 7 C and 8 Z supply the first and second Lattice of tubes i? 24 and I? 25 of the subscriber circuit T, which has the step groups "CZ" as dialing signals, a positive pulse simultaneously with the pulse phase assigned to the calling subscriber, whereby the subscriber circuit T is synchronized to this pulse phase. The same applies to the other subscriber circuits. If two dial signals are not sufficient, three or more dial signals can be used. When using three dial signals z. B. a multiple field consisting of ten lines is then additionally required for the third selection signal, to which the gate circuits evaluating these are connected for the step groups "A" to "Z".

FIG. 24 shows the circuit arrangement of a central multiplex amplifier. The central multiplex amplifiers ZMVl to ZMV 5 are all designed in the same way. The central multiplex amplifier has the task of amplifying the pulses occurring at its input on the line 500 and transmitting them to the line 501 with low resistance. This low resistance is necessary because z. B. on the multiplex amplifiers ZMF4 and ZMV5 are all office-owned circuits T and T ' . Since the multiplex amplifiers are central elements, they are designed in such a way that if the operating part fails, a replacement part can be replaced without delay

ao is switched on, so that the incoming impulses are unmutilated on the even in such a case Exit.

The central multiplex amplifier consists of the operational amplifier ZMVB, the replacement amplifier ZMVB and the control part ZMVK. The impulses occurring on line 500 reach the first grid of tube R 501. Every positive pulse that hits the first grid of tube 501 causes this tube to become conductive when the anode of tube R 504 has a preparatory potential at the first Grid of this tube lies. If the operational amplifier ZMVB is switched on, the R 504 tube is non-conductive for reasons to be explained later, and the potential then occurring at the anode of this tube applies a preparatory potential to the first grid of the tubes i? 501 to i? 503 such that these Tubes become conductive if, in addition to this preparation potential, correspondingly high positive impulses occur at these grids. While the tube i? 501 is conductive, it delivers a positive pulse to the first grid of the tube i? 502 via the transformer (7501, making it conductive. The positive pulse supplied by the transformer Γ / 501 is increased by the rectifier G 501 While the tube i? 502 is conducting, the transformer [/ 502 supplies a positive pulse limited by the rectifier G 502 to the first grid of the tube R 503. The transformers [7501 and U 502 generate pulses of high positive voltage which are limited by the rectifiers G 501 and G 502 so that only a small part of these pulses is used to control the respective following tube. 7502. The transformer t / 503 takes over the adaptation and delivers a positive, low-resistance pulse to the line while the tube R 503 is conducting g 501. The rectifier G 503 cuts off the negative overshoot voltages. The pulses occurring on the line 500 are thus transmitted to the line 501 in an increased manner.

When the central multiplex amplifier is put into operation, the tube R 505 of the bistable multivibrator consisting of the tubes R 504 and 505 is made conductive by closing the T 500 key. The tube i? 504 is thereby held non-conductive by the tube i? 505. Is the tube R 504.

non-conductive, then their anode resistance falls

55 56

a small voltage from, and the first grid preparation potential no longer to the first grid of the tubes i? 501 to R 503, tubes R 501 to 503 are laid as described above. The operating level, prepared so that when it arrives, additional marker is switched off and the substitute positive pulse on the first grid conductive marker is switched on in its place. The tube will be. At the same time the high anode potential 5 R 507, which is now conductive, shows this operation of the tube R 504 also on the tube R 506, for example the state of the central multiplex amplifier. Which can be a glow tube on and causing a backup amplifier is in exactly the same way as conducting it. The tube R 506 is used to set up the operational amplifier. When the display shows that the operational amplifier ZMVB is positive impulses on line 501, the tube is switched. Instead of this display tube, io j? 501 'can be conductive and of course, via the transformer U 501', any other display device, voltage-limited or signaling device that is voltage-limited by the rectifier G 501 ', can be used. At the positive impulse to the first grid of the tube R 502 ', anode resistance of the tube R 505 occurs, since this makes it conductive and is conductive via the transformer, a voltage drop, which causes the L ^T 502' to get voltage through the rectifier G 502 ' -Anode potential of this tube is lowered. This 15 limited positive impulses to the first grid of the low potential is insufficient to supply the tube tube i? 503 '. This tube is made conductive and around the first tend. The anode of the tube R 503 'is to be connected to the anode grid of the tubes R 501' to i? 503 'in such a way that the tube R 503 is connected, and when it becomes conductive, that it is connected to the tube R 503' which also occurs on these grids the same way positive impulses can become conductive. The replacement 20 for the tube R 503 described above via the over- amplifier ZMVE is thereby switched off, and U 503 carries positive pulses on the line 501 although the pulses occurring on the line 500 are given. These positive impulses cause the rectifier G 504 and the transformer! 7504 to act on the first grid of the tube R 501 '. 504 ,, who made them. 25 positive Im-Die on line 500 supplied via rectifier G 505 compensate for input pulses so that the tube R 504 continues to receive pulses from resistor W 501 through that supplied by the anode of tube 505 and the Capacitor C 501 existing delaying positive potential is kept conductive. If the network and the replacement amplifier via the rectifier G 505 also fail, the tube R 504 remains the first grid of the tube 504. The from the transformer 30 continues to be conductive, so that this disturbance is present in the. ^T 503 on the line 501 supplied output- the circuit example is not displayed. Possible impulses are sent via the rectifier G 504 to the appropriate alarm devices in front of the transmitter Ϊ7504 and cause a disturbance of the substitute gutter side to be seen over the course of a second, causing negative impulses to be displayed on the first grid of the amplifier tube. Such R 50i. The size of these negative pulses is so selected that they can be selected such that they are supplied by the rectifier G 505 such as the z. B. at least compensate for positive impulses described in the central marker. The over control devices. You do not need to explain the rectifier G 504 and the transformer U 504 again. The switching of the bistable tilting pulses consisting of the nega tubes R 504 and i? 505 transmitted by the first grid of the tube R 504 can be done e.g. B. from a third circuit is so fast that the winding on the line of the transformer J7501 are delivered. If the positive impulse occurring 501st is in order practically without a Verder operational amplifier, then the distortion appears on the output line 501, the impulses supplied via the rectifier G 505 and via the example of the central basic generator ZGG i? 504 remains non-conductive. That shown from the resistor 45. The central basic generator supplies the W501 and the capacitor C5Ö1 with an existing switching system with a delayed network that controls this and serves to reduce the rising edge voltage. It consists of the operating part ZGGB, the positive im- the replacement part ZGGB occurring on line 501 and the control part ZGGK. pulse with the rising edge of the negative pulses, similar to the central multiplex amplifier, which are supplied by the transformer U 504, the control part also has the task of closing the generation, so that any differences in the rising voltage of the square wave voltage rise if the operating part fails These impulses do not lead to a triggering one by switching on the replacement part without a disturbing impulse on the first grid of the R 504 tube. Maintain loss of square wave voltage. So-If the operational amplifier ZMVB is defective, an abrupt as well as a creeping failure will probably not deliver any output pulses on line 501. Over 55 of the operating part ZGGB leads to a practically verden rectifier G504 and the transformer U 504 listless switchover to the spare part ZGGE.
If the button 553 is pressed, the tube pulse will appear on the first grid of the tube!? 504, and Λ555 the positive bistable flip-flop circuit supplied via the rectifier G 505, consisting of the tubes R 554 and i? 555 made conductive. Da-impulses are not compensated and cause a 60 through the anode potential of the tube R 555 drops so Leitendwerderi the tubes I? 504. This means that the third grid of the tubes R 551 'and tube R505 is blocked and the tube R 504 receives such a strong negative potential as a result of R552' that the peculiarity of the bistable multivibrator is kept conductive. The tubes in question are blocked by this grid. Tube R 506 goes out and tube R 507 becomes the. Since tube R 554 is non-conductive, it is conductive. The now blocked tube R 505 applies a voltage of approximately 0 V to an anode. This span such preparatory potential at the first grid voltage is also applied to the third grid of the tubes of the tube R50Y to R 503 ', so that these, when connected to their i? 551 and i? 552, so that these tubes are additionally prepared sufficiently high positive grids at their third first grids. The R 551 tube is when pulses occur, become conductive. Since the pipes, which are known per se, act as a generator, are now conductive, such an upstream 70 is connected. The frequency-determining oscillatory circuit

57 58

consists of the inductance L 551 and the capacitance resistance W 552 tapped potential is positive C 551 and lies between the first grid of the tubes tiver and exceeds the limit of use at which R 551 and ground. The cathode of the tube R 551 is connected to the rectifier G 553, the tube R 554 becomes conductive. Purpose of the feedback with a tap of the circuit inductance L551 is connected by the conduction of the tube /? 554. Since the third grid 5 blocks tube R 555, which has the consequence that the nunder tube R 551 is held by tube R 554 to about 0V more at the third grid of tubes R 551 ' and, the anode current of tube R 551 / "552" has a potential of approximately 0V, while controlled by the first grid of this tube. The third grid of the tubes / 551 and R 552 of the carrier t / 551 is primarily tuned to the anode to be generated of the now conductive tube / 554 from such a frequency. It supplies high alternating voltage and receives a strong negative potential that the tubes R 551 voltages to the first grid of the tube R552. The and R552 are locked. The operating generator is the transformer U 552 is constructed in the same way so that it is switched off and the backup generator switched on,
like the transformer! 7551., it controls the first grid During the time in which the operating generator of the conduit R 553. The transformer U 5Si, which is switched on, the tubes R 553 and /? 553 'from the transformer [7552 are common associated with 15 supplied vibrations that control the tube / 553, supplies the generated square wave on the line 10 via the coupling capacitor C 555 also at the voltage with sufficiently low resistance. The rectifier first grid of the tube R 551 '. The substitute generator is G 551 is used to cut off the overshoot voltage in this way constantly with the operating generator. Synchronized by using the transformer! 7551. The at the first grid of the tube /? 551 'and C / 552 is again, as already mentioned with the central 20 effective vibrations but without a single multiplex amplifier, a high control voltage, because the third grid of the tubes R551' and generates voltage, only a small part of which have such a strong negative potential for the R552 ' that this control of the tube /? 552 or /? 553 is used. Tubes are locked. The over the Ankopplungskon-If necessary, you can limit the output voltages capacitor C 555 to synchronize the replacement of these transformers by means of rectifiers. B. that the first grid of the tubes /? 552 and R 553 are not overloaded with creeping failure of the operating part, so that the settling time is still able to synchronize the replacement part, each time to a certain voltage relate the amplitude occurring on the line 10. The replacement part of the marker consisting of the tubes /? 551 ', /? 552' and the positive impulses that control the voltage tester /? 553 'is in 30, which falls below the usage limit for this, is constructed in exactly the same way as the above For the synchronization of the operational part by the refined operational part. The same applies to the same parts with the same spare part. The provided by the over-reference number. To check the operating part, the square-wave voltage occurring on the first line 10 via the coupling capacitor C 556 is fed to a tension grid of the tube / 551 for the purpose of the synchronization tester. If the switch 554 is closed.

sen _r this is how the occurring on the line 10 should the square wave change from the tubes /? 554 and R 555 to the capacitor C 552. B. by filament break sen capacitor the square wave changes will be defective, so the anode potential of these two is graced, so that 40 positive tubes approximately 0 V via the rectifier G 554. This has the consequence that so-impulses on the first grid of the Tube /? 556 long the tubes R 551 and /? 552 of the operating part. These positive pulses are briefly in the supply and the tubes R 551 'and R 552' of the replacement part equal to the positive square-wave voltages. By being prepared at its third grid so that both these positive impulses the tube /? 556 becomes conductive. Generators on the common transformer! 7553 The potential at the anode of tube R 556 is working 45. The relays 550 and 551 lying in the anode lines of the tubes rend the conduction of this tube to a low level, whereby / 554 and R 555 are not energized in the first grid of the tube / 557 via the condenser - in this case not energized. Your contacts 560 and 561 sator C 553 is blocked. At the anode of this tube are in such a position that the line is positive potential, through which the tube is still conductive from the transformer! 7552 'to the capacitor C 556 - /? 556 via its first grid. This ensures that only one of them will hold. The time constant of the capacitor generators, in this case the operating part, with regard to C 553 and the resistor W551 is dimensioned so that the synchronization dominates,
that the tube R557 each already explained until just before the input How the tube R556 is preliminary meeting of the next positive 'pulse to the first predominantly conductive. A failure of this tube has led to the grid of the tube /? 556 being kept locked. As a result, the anode voltage and thus the span has the consequence that the tube / 556 increases up to a short voltage at the associated voltage divider, so before the arrival of the next positive pulse that the tube is kept conductive at its first grid after the operating limit has been exceeded will. A part /? 554 becomes conductive. That in the anode lead of the anode voltage of the tube /? 556 is on the tube /? 556 lying relay 552 is tapped in this case stood W552. The tap is selected to be energized 60 and caused by closing the contact 557 that the tapped voltage is not sufficient to trigger a signaling device, e.g. B. the tube 7 via the rectifier G 553? 554 conductive tube /? 560, indicating that the chip is to be made. The capacitor C 554 causes the voltage tester to fail. The relays 550 and 551 on the first grid of the tube / 554 also serve to indicate whether the operating part is also switched during the fallback pauses of the flip-flop circuit 65, and cause an indication when the hold approximately constant. Absence has become defective due to an abrupt changeover switch. Is z. B. the tube or creeping failure of the positive impulses on /? 555 conductive, the relay 55Ij causes the Konersten grid of the tube /? 556 or if it falls below clock 555 is closed, whereby a display of a certain value, so the tube /? 556 at the direction, for example the tube /? 558, is switched on, the end of the fallback pause is no longer conductive, which at 70 indicates that the operating part is switched on. Is the

59 60

Tube R 554 conductive, the relay 550 closes the already explained, at the relevant subscriber contact 556, and the tube 559 indicates that the circuits T or T 'from the busy signal. Is switched to spare part. If both relays 550 and the reason for the call from a calling subscriber are 551 not energized, then both the normally closed contact 558 connection is established, so this can be closed via this as well as the normally closed contact 559, and provide a certainty as to whether he is using the ge -Indicator device, for example the tube R 561, shows the desired subscriber is connected by failure of the switch. Press the »Wer-da« key the namesake of the

Further signals and remote stations can be triggered from the control unit so that they can identify their station

Control alarm devices that send even if the sign fails. According to another proposal by the

Switch on another spare part. io invention is after completion of the production of a

In FIG. 26, the circuit arrangement of the center connection of the name givers of the called place autotral double-overrun trigger is shown. The central is triggered automatically, so that the calling station through the double overrun trigger should then deliver a busy signal reception of the station identifier via the impulse when two approximately simultaneously calling termination of the connection setup and via circuits T or 7 "by the same pulse syn- 15 the connected subscriber is informed. Has been chronized. The allocation of the same the calling subscriber, e.g. inadvertently wrong channel pulse to two calling circuits T, must be prevented immediately after the establishment of the, otherwise a wrong dialing as well bond made aware of this fact.
Errors in transmissions can occur. Each syn- In Fig. 27 is an embodiment of a synchronized circuit T or 7 "supplies positive pulses to the line 12 assigned to it for automatic" Wer-da "transmission. This Im- to the called subscriber in the form of a block pulse are shown to prevent the simultaneous circuit diagram. From the central number synchronization of two subscribers to the same circuit multiple ZNU , the lines 7 and 8 use channel pulses. All lines 12 are connected to the subscriber circuits T and at the same time to the decoupling gate BT 600. Of the rectifiers, the- 25 gate circuits WDTl. If a participant (Ortsses Tores are only the rectifiers G 601 to G 606 or remote participants) of the office is drawn via the central office own the corresponding lines 7 and 8, as already he rectifier of the decoupling gstores £ T600 precharged, impulses in the phase of the connection can be seen. Only supplies one of the rectifiers of the 30 divided channel pulse. These pulses get decoupling gates ET 600 a positive impulse, so via the corresponding gate WDTl to a central one, this is a sign that only one subscriber connection chain ZAK ', which was allocated in the same way as the corresponding channel pulse. The central connection chain ZAK already described from the ratio of the internal resistance of the positive is formed. The synchronization gate 51 of this rectifier delivering an antive pulse to the terminating switching chain also has two inputs here, but resistance W600 has a certain value compared to the synchronization gate R 51 of the central voltage. This voltage is reduced to one of these inputs with a connecting chain ZAK , which is supplied by a stabilizer R 600. This restrictive input is delivered and occurs at resistor W 601 , in contrast to the busy multiplex on line 14 via the same. If the voltage at the resistor is if 600 40 transformer WDUl, then busy pulses if the subscriber called lower than the comparison voltage at the resistor is already busy. As a result, W601, so does not prevent a synchronization part V from flowing unnecessarily through the rectifier G 607. In this case, the transformer U600 delivers and is occupied. However, if the called subscriber is not connected to the amplifier ZMF no voltage. The busy, so through its subscriber circuit stronger ZMV is built up in the same way as 45 synchronizing, on lines 7 and 8 to the central multiplexing amplifier already described in more detail, via the central connection chain, it is connected to its output the Wi- ZAK ' a synchronization part V to which the connector W602 completed. The channel pulse allocated to the circuit arrangement is synchronized. The synchronization of Fig. 26 is now dimensioned so that when chronisation parts V are formed in the same way as only one of the rectifiers of the decoupling gate 5 ° synchronization parts of the intermediary V ET 600 delivers a positive pulse, the voltage and in the same number as these available. For example, if the resistor W 600 is less than that at the resistor FSS , it constantly generates the comparison voltage that is occurring for W601. If, on the other hand, the impulse provided for triggering the name giver is delivered by two or more of the rectifiers of the decoupling, that is, the so-called “who-there” characters. coupling gate EjT600 simultaneously positive pulses 55 About be the synchronization part V now, these so the combined internal resistance of this pulse groups via the Entkopplungstor WDT 2 and positive pulses supplied rectifier is smaller and via the rectifier WDGl to the input of zendie voltage across the resistor W 600 accordingly spectral multiplex amplifier ZMV 4 and from there over the line 6 with the channel pulse to which the settled voltage is greater than that occurring at the resistor W601. This has the consequence that now 60 matching synchronization part V has been synchronized, transmitted via the rectifier G 607 and via the primary to the called subscriber. At the same time winding of the transformer U 600 a current flows. These impulses get through via the transformer WDU2 and via the secondary side of this transformer to an input of the gate WDT3. This is blocked by a positive pulse to the amplifier ZMV and prevents the calling party from being given. This pulse occurs after its amplification 65 on the line 3 to the input of the resistor W602 and reaches the ZMVi can transmit messages. This ensures that the rectifier G 608 to the input of the central multi-channel ensures that the "Wer-da" groups without the Stöplex amplifier ZMVZ. These pulses are transmitted to the called subscriber via the central multiplex amplifier ZMV3.

The station is switched off again and is then available for a further connection. Since the teletypewriter of the called subscriber needs a certain amount of time after the call has been made before it is operational, each of the circuits V advantageously has a delay device by means of which the transmission of the "who-there" indicator is delayed until the called station agrees Security is operational. This can e.g. Carried example, in that, similar to the tube R124k in intermediary V (Fig. 11) already described, a bimetallic strip is heated, the thus prepared a transmitting port of said synchronization portion of V that after a certain delay time the "delivered by the remote-write station FSS Who -da «-sign should preferably be sent once to the decoupling gate WDT 2 . The telex transmitter FSS can be designed in a known manner and the one-time transmission of the "Who-there" characters z. B. can be controlled by the wfe contact of the telex transmitter. The circuit parts additionally required for the above device are divided off in FIG. 27 by a dashed line.

As explained above, a calling subscriber is not only given a busy signal when the called subscriber is Participant is busy, but also when z. B. all agents occupied or the same Channel pulse was assigned to two calling subscribers. The calling subscriber cannot determine what was to blame for the failure of the desired connection. This undesirable circumstance is eliminated according to a further proposal of the invention that only if the called Subscriber is busy, the usual busy signal, in all other cases a so-called street busy signal is sent to the calling party. The busy signal is one of the usual Various busy signals, when the calling subscriber knows that the signal did not come off the connection was the fault of the switching equipment. In this case he can then his Repeat the dialing immediately while, if the called subscriber is busy, for a certain period of time would have to wait.

Referring to Fig. 28, there is shown in block diagram form an embodiment of a circuit arrangement for busy signaling. If there is no switch or if no circuit T 'of a free selection stage AK (exchange connection line) is free any more, a pulse occurs on line 15; this pulse is fed to the decoupling gate SBT 1. This gate is also fed those impulses that are delivered by the central double overrun trigger via the rectifier G 608 with simultaneous allocation of a channel pulse to two calling subscribers, and also the impulses that occur on the line 335 when the central marker is defective. If such a pulse occurs, " one of the synchronization parts V" is synchronized to the relevant pulse phase in which this pulse occurs via the central connection chain ZAK. At one input of the input gate 51 of the central connection chain ZAK " are the pulses supplied by the decoupling gate SBT 1, while the other input of the gate R 51 is constantly at positive potential. The central connection chain ZAK" and the synchronization parts V " are in the same way formed like the central Anschaltkette ZAK 'and synchronization parts V. the synchronization parts V "do not need the same number to be present as the mediator V. from a synchronized synchronization part, the road busy signal delivered by telex stations FSS over the Entkopplungstor SBT2 and Rectifiers SBG are supplied to the input of the central multiplex amplifier ZMV 5 and from there via line 5 to the calling subscriber. So that the road busy signaling cannot be garbled, the entrance of the ZMV5 is blocked for further messages via the transmitter SB U and the gate SBT 3. This is especially important in the event that the busy signal is triggered by the central double-barrel trigger. After the busy signaling of the road has ended, the synchronization part is automatically switched back to the rest position by switching means which are not designated in any more detail. The circuit parts additionally required for the above device are divided off in FIG. 28 by a dashed line.

While in the previous embodiment a local division of the two directions of traffic has been made, another embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention is shown below described, in which a time division of the two traffic directions is applied.

FIG. 29 shows a pulse scheme, on the basis of which the time division is explained in more detail below. The pulse grid of the counting multiplex ZM leading the sum pulse includes ζ. Β. twelve pulse elements P1 to P12. In the present exemplary embodiment, the pulses P 1 to P 6 are assigned to the forward direction and correspond to the forward multiplex.

Assuming that a subscriber calls at time χ , the next free pulse of the forward pulses, for example pulse P 2, is allocated to this subscriber. With this pulse, the calling subscriber transmits his messages to the called party. Simultaneously with the allocation of the pulse P 2, the pulse J ³ 8 is permanently allocated for the reverse direction, by means of which the called subscriber transmits his messages to the calling subscriber. The assignment of the reverse direction pulses P 7 to P 12 can be arbitrary. The division into forward and reverse direction pulses can take place in various ways. So you can z. B. use all even-numbered pulses for the forward direction and all odd-numbered pulses for the reverse direction, etc., without departing from the scope of the invention.

FIG. 30 shows part of a subscriber circuit T in the form of a block diagram, from which it can be seen in which way the subscriber circuit shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 must be modified in order to be usable for a time division described above.

Via the tubes R 21R 3, both the synchronization pulse supplied by the receiving gate ET1 and the pulses of the counting multiplex supplied via the line 10 are fed to the counting chain consisting of the tubes R6 to RVT. As already described for FIG. 6, the tube R 16 of the last stage of the counting chain emits an output pulse to the tube R 18 after every sixty-fourth pulse of the counting multiplex. The pulses from the counting multiplex are also applied to the tube R 18, so that if a pulse from the counting multiplex and a pulse supplied by the tube R 16 coincide, a pulse is sent to the decoupling gate ET3. As already described, the synchronization pulse is fed directly to the decoupling gate ET 3 via the line 20 when it is allocated.

For the present example it is now assumed that

that the pulses 33 to 64 are provided for a transmission in the forward direction, that is from the calling to the called subscriber, and the pulses 1 to 32 for the reverse direction, that is from the calling to the called subscriber. If the counting chain is synchronized to a pulse, tube R 17 emits a positive pulse after thirty-two incremental pulses and tube R 16 after sixty-four incremental pulses. The positive pulse from tube R 17 is applied to a second tube R 18 'corresponding to tube R 18. The pulses for the forward direction are thus supplied from the tube R 18 via the decoupling gate E TS and the pulses for the reverse direction from the tube R 18 '.

With a time division, only a single multiplex is necessary to transmit the messages. Two of the gate circuits T1 to T 74 of FIG. 6 are thus omitted. In the present exemplary embodiment, the calling subscriber sends his messages via line 1 and gate T 1 to line 3 of the multiplex. From there they get via the central multiplex amplifier ZMV4: and the line 6 to the gate jT4 of the subscriber circuit of the called station and from there via the line 17 to the demodulator. If the subscriber is calling, its gate Γ1 must be made capable of transmission in the cycle of the pulse allocated for the forward direction and its gate 7 * 4 in the cycle of the pulse allocated for the reverse direction. The reverse applies to the called subscriber, that is, its gate T 1 must be made capable of transmission in the cycle of the for the return direction and the gate T4 in the cycle of the pulse allocated for the forward direction. This control is in turn carried out by the changeover switch consisting of tubes 7219 and R20. It controls similarly to the gates Tl to T4 \ ^r on FIG. 6 here depends AOM call status of the station, the gates TUl to TU 4. The pulse for the forward direction passes through the Entkopplungstor ET3 at the gates TUl and TU 4 The return pulse is at the gates TU2 and TU 3. If the subscriber is calling, the gates TU1 and TU 2 are made transferable through the tube R 19 and the gates TU 3 and TU 4 are blocked by the tube R 20. When a called subscriber the gates are reversed TU3 and TU4 through the tube R20: made capable of transmission and the gates TUl and TU 2 locked by the tube R 19th The further configuration of the circuit arrangement shown as a block diagram in FIG. 30 can be left to the person skilled in the art. The explanations made for FIGS. 5 and 6 apply accordingly.

Apart from the changes in the subscriber circuits, no further changes to the devices shown in FIGS. 10-23 are necessary. A connection is set up in exactly the same way as explained in detail for the location division. Of course, the circuit arrangement of the subscriber circuit T ' shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 must also be changed accordingly.

Claims (20)

Patent claims: 1. Circuit arrangement for establishing and maintaining a telegraphy connection via semi-central and central facilities, in which the calling subscriber is allocated a free channel pulse from one of the pulses of the multiplex system using at least one pulse multiplex system, characterized in that the calling subscriber is used to establish a connection transmits the dialing signals (keyboard dialing pulses) via the channel pulse assigned to it to an intermediary (V) synchronized with this channel pulse, so that this intermediary (F) demodulates and stores the dialing signals and forwards them in the same pulse phase in parallel output to a marker (ZMA) , which via a multiple field evaluation circuits (ZNU) controls which respond only when the dialing signal assigned to them has been transferred from the marker (ZMA) to the multiple field (ZNU) , and which then call the subscriber determined by the dialing signals in the pulse phase of the calling subscriber, whereby this is synchronized to the corresponding channel pulse. 2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the central marker (ZMA) has its own input multiple field for each selection signal, from which this is transmitted in the original position and in the inverted position to a downstream output multiple field. 3. A circuit arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that a control circuit is connected to the central marker (ZMA) , which checks the operational readiness of the operational marker with each incoming selection signal or at certain time intervals and, if a fault is detected, switches on a replacement marker and alarms or Display devices operated. 4. Circuit arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that during a certain Pulse phase of the sum pulse on all lines of the input multiple field of the central marker given a test potential and determined by gate circuits at the same time whether the lines of the two output multiple fields of the central marker have a corresponding, potential inevitably occurring if the central marker works correctly to lead. 5. Circuit arrangement according to Claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the potential of the lines of the gate circuits testing the output multiple fields are designed in such a way that, if only one of the lines of the multiple fields is not due to the test potential if it is faultless Work of the operational central marker has inevitably occurring potential, further Switching means are actuated by which the disturbed operational marker and a replacement marker is switched on. 6. Circuit arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that in each case to corresponding Lines of the two output multiple fields of the central marker gate circuits are switched on, which respond and operate the marker switch when two Corresponding lines carry a certain potential at the same time. 7. Circuit arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that in each case to corresponding Lines of the two output multiple fields of the central marker gate circuits are switched on, which respond and operate the marker switch when two Corresponding lines do not have a specific potential at the same time. 8. Circuit arrangement according to claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the control circuits divided into individual test groups each of which tests a particular circuit part of the marker and then each test group actuated a display device when an error is detected. 9. A circuit arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that evaluation circuits of the central number circuit multiple (ZNU) are connected to the output multiple fields of the central marker assigned to a dialing signal for each step group of the telegraph alphabet allowed as dialing signal, of which only those whose assigned step group to the corresponding Multiple fields of the central number circuit multiple (ZNU) was transmitted, responds and emits a pulse to the input gates of a subscriber circuit connected to this evaluation circuit. 10. Circuit arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that a separate evaluation circuit is provided for each selection signal, which consists of a gate circuit, the inputs of which are connected to the lines of the output multiple fields of the central marker (ZMA) , which when the relevant selection signal occurs Lead potential, and that the gate circuits are designed in such a way that only that one emits a pulse in which the said potential is present at all inputs. 11. Circuit arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the output each Gate circuit is connected to the input gates (i? 24) of the subscriber circuits to which the is assigned to be evaluated by the gate circuit in question. 12. Circuit arrangement according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that reset switches (i? 34, Γ7; T 124, R123, Γ104) are provided which, if a participant does not send messages during a predetermined time, the .Switch to devices involved in the connection (T 'and V) in the basic position and cause the transmission of busy signals to the subscriber. 13. Circuit arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that subscriber circuits (T ') to which a common dialing symbol is assigned are combined in free selection stages and connected to the corresponding evaluation circuits of the central numbering unit (ZNU) via a connection chain (AK) . 14. Circuit arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that a free subscriber circuit (T ') is made available for a call to the central number circuit multiple (ZNU) through the connection chain (AK) . 15. Circuit arrangement according to claims 13 and 14, characterized in that the connecting chain Contains switching means that synchronize the provided when a call has been made Subscriber circuit (T ') to the phase of the synchronization pulse Channel pulse and also another one during the duration of the synchronization pulse free subscriber circuit (T ') prepared for the next call. 16. Circuit arrangement according to claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the Anschal tchain has switching means which, if all subscriber circuits assigned to it, are occupied cause a busy signal to be sent out when a call is made to the calling subscriber. 17. Circuit arrangement according to claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the Anschal tchain has switching means that only send a busy signal to the calling party Participants cause · if the last free participant circuit is due to the previous call (T ') has been busy and in the meantime none of the subscriber circuits (T') has become free is. 18. Circuit arrangement according to claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the connecting chain a control part and also one assigned to each subscriber circuit (T ') Contains connection tube and that all connection tubes are connected to one another in a ring circuit are that only one of them can be conductive at a time. 19. A circuit arrangement for demodulating the telegraphy messages transmitted according to claims 1 to 18, characterized in that a monostable multivibrator (R27, R28) is used for demodulating the messages transmitted via the multiplex system, which by each pulse of a channel pulse occurring at its input from its The basic position is switched to the working position and only tilts back to the basic position shortly before the end of the pulse period. 20. Circuit arrangement according to claim 19, characterized in that the monostable Flip-flop a relay is switched on so that it is energized when the flip-flop in their working position is, and that the relay has a dropout delay that is greater than the time span between the tilting back into the Rest position and the expiry of the pulse period. Considered publications:
German patents No. 846 419, 876 714,
881807.905 380.920 492; Swiss Patent No. 294 912;
French Patent No. 1,080,528;
U.S. Patent No. 2,655,652. For this purpose 10 sheets of drawings