DE1075894B - Device for adsorption of the harmful components contained in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Device for adsorption of the harmful components contained in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines

Info

Publication number
DE1075894B
DE1075894B DEB45899A DEB0045899A DE1075894B DE 1075894 B DE1075894 B DE 1075894B DE B45899 A DEB45899 A DE B45899A DE B0045899 A DEB0045899 A DE B0045899A DE 1075894 B DE1075894 B DE 1075894B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
exhaust gases
adsorption
internal combustion
combustion engines
harmful components
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEB45899A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Ernst Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of DE1075894B publication Critical patent/DE1075894B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0814Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0211Arrangements for mounting filtering elements in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/12Combinations of different methods of purification absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/08Granular material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2370/00Selection of materials for exhaust purification
    • F01N2370/22Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in non-catalytic purification apparatus

Description

PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE

kl. 46 c6 6/02kl. 46c 6 6/02

INTERNATIONALE KL.INTERNATIONAL KL.

BOId; F02fBOId; F02f

B45899IVc/46c6 B45899IVc / 46c 6

ASMELBETiG,:. 3. SEPTEMBER 1957ASMELBETiG,:. SEPTEMBER 3, 1957

BEKANNTMACHUNG
DER ANMELDUNG
UND AUSGABE DEK
AUSLEGESCHKIFT: 18. FEBRUAR 1960
NOTICE
THE REGISTRATION
AND ISSUE DEK
DISPLAY: FEBRUARY 18, 1960

Bei bisher bekannten Ausführungen von Einrichtungen zur Adsorption schädlicher Anteile der Abgase von Brennkraftmaschinen wird als Filterstoff in der Regel aktive Kohle oder Kieselsäure verwendet. Diese Substanzen besitzen an sich wohl ein entsprechend hohes Adsorptionsvermögen, das sich aber in erster Linie auf die dampfförmigen Abgasbeimengungen, insbesondere auf die Schmieröldämpfe, auswirkt, wogegen die besonders schädlichen teerartigen Verbrennungsrückstände nur ungenügend gebunden werden.In previously known designs of devices for the adsorption of harmful components of the exhaust gases Active carbon or silica is usually used as filter material in internal combustion engines. These Substances themselves have a correspondingly high adsorptive capacity, but this is primarily Line has an effect on the vaporous exhaust gas admixtures, in particular on the lubricating oil vapors, on the other hand the particularly harmful tar-like combustion residues are only insufficiently bound.

Erfindungsgemäß sind die Filterkörper aus körnigem natürlichem oder synthetischem Meerschaum gebildet, der, wie Versuche ergeben haben, ein besonders großes Aufnahmevermögen hinsichtlich der sich namentlich bei stärkerer Brennstoffanreicherung des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches in erheblichenMengen ergebenden teerartigen Verbrennungsrückstände besitzt, so daß diese besonders gesundheitsschädlichen Abgasbestandteile nicht durch die kinetische Energie der Auspuffgase in den Außenraum zerstäubt werden können. Aber auch als Bindemittel für die Verbrennungsprodukte der den Kraftstoffen in der Regel beigesetzten bleihaltigen Antiklopfmittel hat sich Meerschaum in besonderem Maße bewährt, desgleichen auch zur Adsorption der stickstoffhaltigen, vor allem ammoniakalischen Beimengungen. According to the invention, the filter bodies are made of granular natural or synthetic meerschaum, which, as experiments have shown, has a particularly great capacity for absorption in terms of name with greater fuel enrichment of the fuel-air mixture has tarry combustion residues resulting in significant amounts, so that these Particularly harmful exhaust gas components are not caused by the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases in the exterior can be atomized. But also as a binding agent for the combustion products of the Meerschaum has become particularly popular with fuels that contain lead-containing anti-knock agents Proven to a certain extent, as well as for the adsorption of nitrogenous, especially ammoniacal, additions.

In der Zeichnung ist eine beispielsweise Ausführungsform der Einrichtung im Schnitt wiedergegeben. In the drawing, an example embodiment of the device is shown in section.

Mit 1 ist das zwischen zwei Teilen 2 und 3 der Auspuffleitung eingeschaltete Einsatzgehäuse bezeichnet, das eine seitliche Erweiterung der Auspuffleitung bildet und mittels eines Deckels 4 gasdicht abschließbar ist. Von den Gehäusewänden nach innen vorspringende Halteleisten 5 dienen zur Festlegung der zwischen sie eingeschobenen beiden Filterkörper 6 und 7, die über die lichte Weite χ der Auspuffleitung 2, 3 allseits hinausragen, also durchgehend größere Querabmessungen als diese aufweisen. Der Filterkörper 6 ist dabei aus grobkörnigem Meerschaum gebildet, der durch eine mit zahlreichen Durchtrittsöffnungen 8 für den Durchlaß der Abgase versehene plattenförmige Fassung 9 zusammengehalten wird. Der zweite Filterkörper 7 kann aus grobkörniger Kieselgur bestehen.The insert housing, which is inserted between two parts 2 and 3 of the exhaust line and which forms a lateral extension of the exhaust line and can be closed in a gas-tight manner by means of a cover 4, is denoted by 1. From the housing walls inwardly protruding retaining strips 5 are used to fix the two filter bodies 6 and 7 pushed between them, which protrude on all sides over the clear width χ of the exhaust line 2, 3, so have consistently larger transverse dimensions than these. The filter body 6 is formed from coarse-grained meerschaum, which is held together by a plate-shaped holder 9 provided with numerous passage openings 8 for the passage of the exhaust gases. The second filter body 7 can consist of coarse-grained kieselguhr.

Die durch das Einsatzgehäuse 1 gebildete seitliche Erweiterung der Auspuffleitung 2, 3 und die Verwendung von über die lichte Weitem der Auspuffleitung allseits hinausragenden Filterkörpern ergeben den Vorteil, daß einerseits sowohl die Abgasgeschwindigkeit als auch durch entsprechendes Entspannen die Gastemperatur im Einsatzgehäuse vermindert wird., und andererseits ein gewisser Teil der den ersten Filterkörper 6 beaufschlagenden Abgase in die Seitenbereiche des Einsatzgehäuses abgedrängt wird. In diesen Seitenbereichen treten somit Wirbelbildungen auf, so daß Einrichtung zur AdsorptionThe lateral expansion of the exhaust line 2, 3 formed by the insert housing 1 and the use of filter bodies protruding on all sides beyond the clear distance of the exhaust line have the advantage of that on the one hand both the exhaust gas velocity and the gas temperature by means of corresponding relaxation in the insert housing is reduced., and on the other hand a certain part of the first filter body 6 acting exhaust gases is displaced into the side areas of the insert housing. In these side areas vortex formation occurs, so that means for adsorption

der in Abgasen von Brennkraftmaschinen enthaltenen schädlichen Anteilethe harmful components contained in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines

Anmelder:
Ernst Bauer, Wien
Applicant:
Ernst Bauer, Vienna

Vertreter: Dr.-Ing. Dr. jur. Fr. Lehmann, Patentanwalt, München 5, Papa-Schmid-Str. 1Representative: Dr.-Ing. Dr. jur. Ms. Lehmann, patent attorney, Munich 5, Papa-Schmid-Str. 1

Beanspruchte Priorität:
Österreich vom 10. Oktober 1956
Claimed priority:
Austria from October 10, 1956

Ernst Bauer, Wien,
ist als Erfinder genannt worden
Ernst Bauer, Vienna,
has been named as the inventor

die dorthin gelangenden Gasteilchen vor ihrem durch Wirbelbildung verzögerten Abfluß aus dem Einsatzkörper mit den Filtersubstanzen in länger andauerndem Kontakt gehalten werden, wodurch ein nicht unwesentlicher Teil der Abgase einer besonders gründlichen Reinigung und Entgiftung unterworfen wird, was sonst nur durch entsprechend lang bemessene Filterkörper erzielbar wäre.the gas particles arriving there before their outflow from the insert body, which is delayed by the formation of eddies be kept in prolonged contact with the filter substances, which is a not insignificant Part of the exhaust gases is subjected to particularly thorough cleaning and detoxification, which would otherwise only be achievable by using a filter body with a correspondingly long dimension.

Bei entsprechend aufgelockerter Filterfüllung tritt ein nennenswertes Stauen der Abgase und eine etwa hierdurch bedingte Leistungsminderung der Brennkraftmaschine überhaupt nicht ein.If the filter filling is appropriately loosened, there is a noticeable build-up of the exhaust gases and an approx The resulting reduction in engine power does not take place at all.

An Stelle viereckiger plattenförmiger Filterkörper können auch in Längsrichtung der Auspuffleitung angeordnete zylindrische Filterpatronen verwendet werden. Das Filtermaterial kann beispielsweise auch zu formbeständigen Filterkörpern verarbeitet werden, wodurch sich die Verwendung durchlochter Materialfassungen erübrigt. So können z. B. Streifen aus synthetischem Meerschaum netzartig miteinander verpreßt werden. Die auswechselbaren und untereinander austauschbaren Filterkörper können nach längerer Betriebsdauer mittels Preßluft oder durch Ausspulen mit entrußenden Mitteln gereinigt werden. Damit entfällt das sonst zufolge der Rußablagerung von Zeit zu Zeit erforderliche Ausbrennen der Auspuffleitung.Instead of square plate-shaped filter bodies can also be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust line cylindrical filter cartridges can be used. The filter material can, for example, also dimensionally stable filter bodies are processed, which means that perforated material mounts can be used unnecessary. So z. B. strips of synthetic meerschaum pressed together like a net will. The interchangeable and interchangeable filter bodies can after a long period of operation can be cleaned by means of compressed air or by rinsing with de-sooting agents. This does not apply the otherwise necessary burnout of the exhaust pipe from time to time due to the soot build-up.

Die am Beginn der Auspuffleitung angeordneten Filterkörper können zweckmäßig so untergebracht werden, daß sie nach Lüften der Motorhaube zugänglich und daher leicht auswechselbar sind. Am Ende der Auspuffleitung können die Filterkörper beispielsweiseThe filter bodies arranged at the beginning of the exhaust line can expediently be accommodated in this way that they are accessible after the bonnet has been lifted and are therefore easy to replace. At the end of The filter body can, for example, be used in the exhaust pipe

909 730/249909 730/249

mittels eines auf das Rohrende nach Art eines Gasmaskenfilters aufschraubbaren Einsatzgehäuses angebracht oder in das Leitungsende patronenartig eingefügt und durch irgendwelche Befestigungsmittel gegen Herausschleudern gesichert werden.attached by means of an insert housing which can be screwed onto the pipe end in the manner of a gas mask filter or inserted into the end of the line like a cartridge and counteracted by any fastening means Be secured against being thrown out.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch:Claim: Einrichtung zur Adsorption schädlicher Anteile der Abgase von Brennkraftmaschinen mit in der Auspuffleitung im Durchströmweg der Abgase angeordneten Filterkörpern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Filterkörper (6) aus grobkörnigem natürlichem oder synthetischem Meerschaum gebildet sind.Device for the adsorption of harmful components of the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines with in the Filter bodies arranged in the exhaust line in the flow path of the exhaust gases, characterized in that that the filter body (6) is formed from coarse-grained natural or synthetic meerschaum are. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 566 885, 595 426;
französische Patentschrift Nr. 611 452.
Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 566 885, 595 426;
French patent specification No. 611 452.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
DEB45899A 1956-10-10 1957-09-03 Device for adsorption of the harmful components contained in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines Pending DE1075894B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1075894X 1956-10-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1075894B true DE1075894B (en) 1960-02-18

Family

ID=3685025

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEB45899A Pending DE1075894B (en) 1956-10-10 1957-09-03 Device for adsorption of the harmful components contained in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1075894B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3271089A (en) * 1963-10-29 1966-09-06 Harry I Krellen Dehumidifying breather system for mobile cargo container
FR2643114A1 (en) * 1989-02-16 1990-08-17 Mohammed Boubehira CATALYTIC COMPOSITE EXHAUST POT
DE4023850C1 (en) * 1990-07-27 1991-06-06 Michael L. 8830 Treuchtlingen De Zettner Plant for removing harmful substances from air or gas stream - has housing contg. adsorbent through which stream passes at high rate, alternating with desorbing gas at low flow rate

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR611452A (en) * 1925-06-03 1926-09-29 Exhaust gas purifier silencer device
DE566885C (en) * 1930-07-30 1933-01-27 Auergesellschaft Gmbh Prefilter for separating solid or liquid particles from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines
DE595426C (en) * 1932-01-12 1934-04-11 Sigbert Seelig Process for cleaning gases, in particular exhaust gases

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR611452A (en) * 1925-06-03 1926-09-29 Exhaust gas purifier silencer device
DE566885C (en) * 1930-07-30 1933-01-27 Auergesellschaft Gmbh Prefilter for separating solid or liquid particles from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines
DE595426C (en) * 1932-01-12 1934-04-11 Sigbert Seelig Process for cleaning gases, in particular exhaust gases

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3271089A (en) * 1963-10-29 1966-09-06 Harry I Krellen Dehumidifying breather system for mobile cargo container
FR2643114A1 (en) * 1989-02-16 1990-08-17 Mohammed Boubehira CATALYTIC COMPOSITE EXHAUST POT
DE4023850C1 (en) * 1990-07-27 1991-06-06 Michael L. 8830 Treuchtlingen De Zettner Plant for removing harmful substances from air or gas stream - has housing contg. adsorbent through which stream passes at high rate, alternating with desorbing gas at low flow rate

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