DE107528C - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- DE107528C DE107528C DENDAT107528D DE107528DA DE107528C DE 107528 C DE107528 C DE 107528C DE NDAT107528 D DENDAT107528 D DE NDAT107528D DE 107528D A DE107528D A DE 107528DA DE 107528 C DE107528 C DE 107528C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- protein
- acid
- phosphoric acid
- albumose
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 14
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 108090000284 Pepsin A Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940066779 Peptones Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002496 gastric Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940111202 pepsin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010064851 Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000026947 Plant Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001079 digestive Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 210000004400 Mucous Membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 210000002784 Stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052601 baryte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- YJISHJVIRFPGGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[5-[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyloxane-3,4-diol Chemical compound O1C(CO)C(OC)C(O)C(O)C1OCC1C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O2)O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(C)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 YJISHJVIRFPGGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000715 Mucilage Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001938 Vegetable gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 WHEAT STARCH Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000008286 diarrhea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organs Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014860 sensory perception of taste Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035917 taste Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/12—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from cereals, wheat, bran, or molasses
- A23J1/125—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from cereals, wheat, bran, or molasses by treatment involving enzymes or microorganisms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
KLASSE 53: Nahrungsmittel.CLASS 53: Food.
Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 26. Januar 1898 ab.Patented in the German Empire on January 26, 1898.
Bekanntlich ist der Kleber kein einheitlicher Eiweifskörper, sondern in demselben sind die nahrhaften Eiweifsstoife mit anderen Substanzen, namentlich mit Cellulose, Pflanzenschleim, Pflanzengummi und Paranuclein, gemengt oder verbunden, welche selbst unverdaulich sind und die Verdaulichkeit und Resorption jener brauchbaren Eiweifsstoffe beeinträchtigen, und zwar besonders leicht in solchen Fällen, in denen die Verdauungsorgane nicht mehr normal functioniren.It is well known that the glue is not a uniform protein body, but they are in the same nutritious proteins with other substances, namely with cellulose, plant mucilage, Vegetable gum and paranuclein, mixed or combined, which are themselves indigestible and impair the digestibility and absorption of those useful proteins, and especially easy in those cases in which the digestive organs are no longer normal function.
Um leicht verdauliche und nahrhafte pflanzliche Eiweifskörper zu gewinnen, kommt es also darauf an, sie in reinem Zustande darzustellen , sie namentlich von jenen unverdaulichen Bestandtheilen zu befreien. Dieses geschieht für den vorliegenden Zweck am vollkommensten , wenn man aus ihnen mit Hülfe der künstlichen .Verdauung Albumosen darstellt.In order to gain easily digestible and nutritious vegetable protein bodies, it comes therefore aim to present them in a pure state, especially from those indigestible To free components. This happens most perfectly for the present purpose when, with the aid of artificial digestion, they are used to make albumoses.
Diese Verdauung mufs in der Weise vorgenommen werden, dafs den Verdauungsproducten nichts Fremdartiges beigemischt bleibt, namentlich keine Salze und keine Peptone. Die ersteren wirken direct schädlich, die letzteren haben einen zweifelhaften Nährwerth und machen die Albumosen durch ihren bitteren Geschmack unappetitlich.This digestion must be carried out in such a way that the digestive products nothing strange remains mixed in, namely no salts and no peptones. The former are directly harmful, the latter are of dubious nutritional value make the albumoses unsavory due to their bitter taste.
Verdauungsproducte aus Pflanzeneiweifs sind bereits bekannt, dieselben konnten jedoch wegen ihres bitteren Geschmackes und wegen ihres wenig appetitlichen Aussehens keine Verwendung finden.Digestive products made from vegetable protein are already known, but the same could be due to because of their bitter taste and their unappetizing appearance, no use Find.
Die Frage der Umwandlung des Pflanzen- «iweifses in ein leicht verdauliches geniefsbares Eiweifspräparat war somit bisher nicht gelöst.The question of the transformation of the vegetable into something that is easily digestible and palatable So far, protein preparation has not yet been resolved.
Durch das vorliegende Verfahren wird nun Pflanzeneiweifs, welches bekanntlich die billigste Eiweifsquelle darstellt, in ein appetitlich aussehendes, wohlschmeckendes, fast geruchloses Eiweifspräparat übergeführt.The present process now produces vegetable protein, which is known to be the cheapest A source of protein, in an appetizing-looking, tasty, almost odorless one Protein preparation transferred.
Es ist bekannt, dafs man bei der künstlichen Verdauung des Eiweifses statt der Salzsäure auch Schwefel- oder Phosphorsäure der Verdauungsflüssigkeit zusetzen kann.. Auf dieser Beobachtung fufsend, wird bei dem vorliegenden Verfahren gerade eine der letztgenannten beiden Säuren zur Aufschliefsung des Klebereiweifses verwendet, um dieselben nach vollendeter Verdauung durch Kalk oder Baryt bezw. deren Salze in unlösliche Kalk- oder Baryumsalze überzuführen, als solche abzuscheiden und so auf einfachem Wege zu einer möglichst aschefreien Albumose zu gelangen.It is known that in the artificial digestion of albumen, instead of hydrochloric acid can also add sulfuric or phosphoric acid to the digestive fluid .. On this On the basis of observation, one of the last-mentioned is used in the present process Both acids are used to break up the gluten, and afterwards they are used Digestion by lime or barite respectively. their salts in insoluble lime or barium salts to be transferred, to be separated out as such, and thus in a simple way to be as ash-free as possible To get albumose.
Durch die Anwendung dieser Säuren wird die bei den bisher ausgeführten Verdauungen stets nothwendige Dialyse vermieden, welche bekanntlich einen ungemein hohen Aufwand von Zeit erfordert, während welcher oft genug die zu dialysirende Substanz verderbende Einwirkungen auftreten, wodurch das Eintreten der Fäulnifs gefördert wird.The use of these acids will help with the previously carried out digestions always necessary dialysis avoided, which is known to be extremely expensive of time, during which often enough the substance to be dialysed will spoil the substance occur, whereby the occurrence of the putrefaction is promoted.
Schwefelsäure und Phosphorsäure, haben vor der sonst benutzten Salzsäure den weiteren Vortheil, dafs sie weniger energisch peptonisirend wirken und daher bei richtiger Leitung , der Verdauung nur Spuren von Peptonen entstehen lassen, während bei der Salzsäure-Pepsin-Verdauung stets Gemische von Albumosen und Peptonen sich bilden, die einen intensiv bitteren Geschmack haben, beimSulfuric acid and phosphoric acid have the other before the otherwise used hydrochloric acid Advantage that they act less energetically peptonizing, and therefore with proper guidance, the digestion only allow traces of peptones to develop, while hydrochloric acid-pepsin digestion Always mixtures of albumoses and peptones are formed, which have an intensely bitter taste
Genufs Widerwillen erzeugen und leicht Durchfall herbeiführen.Generate reluctance to enjoy and easily induce diarrhea.
Das Verfahren wird auf folgende Weise ausgeführt. The procedure is carried out in the following manner.
Die zur Ueberführung der Pflanzeneiweifsstoffe in Albumosen dienende Verdauungsflüssigkeit wird entweder in einer der bekannten Herstellungsart analogen Weise aus den gewaschenen, fein gehackten Schleimhäuten von Schweinemagen gewonnen, indem man die 0,2 proc. Salzsäure durch 0,8 proc. Phosphorsäure ersetzt; man übergiefst die Schleimhaut je eines Schweinemagens mit 2 1 0,8 pCt. Phosphorsäure und filtrirt nach 48 Stunden die phosphorsaure pepsinhaltige Lösung ab., oder man bringt käufliches Pepsin zur Auflösung.The digestive fluid used to convert the vegetable proteins into albumoses is either stored in one of the known Production method in the same way from the washed, finely chopped mucous membranes obtained from pig stomachs by adding the 0.2 proc. Hydrochloric acid by 0.8 percent. phosphoric acid replaced; the mucous membrane of each pig's stomach is poured over with 2 1 0.8 pCt. Phosphoric acid and after 48 hours the phosphoric acid pepsin-containing solution is filtered off., Or commercial pepsin is dissolved.
10 kg lufttrockenes Pflanzeneiweifs (Kleber aus Weizenstärke)· werden mit 40 1 destillirtem Wasser von 50 bis 6o° angerührt und 24 Stunden stehen gelassen.10 kg of air-dry vegetable protein (gluten made from wheat starch) are distilled with 40 l Water from 50 to 60 ° and stirred for 24 hours ditched.
Alsdann fügt man 600 g Pepsin in 6000 ecm Wasser gut vertheilt und 2000 ecm 25 proc. Phosphorsäure oder 20 1 des nach oben angegebener Vorschrift hergestellten phosphorsauren Magenauszuges und 1600 ecm 25 proc. Phosphorsäure hinzu.Then add 600 g of pepsin in 6000 ecm of water, well distributed, and 2000 ecm 25 per cent. Phosphoric acid or 20 l of the phosphoric acid prepared according to the instructions given above Gastric extract and 1600 ecm 25 proc. Phosphoric acid added.
Die auf die eine oder die andere Weise erhaltene Mischung wird g Stunden bei 38° C. beständig gerührt. Darauf neutralisirt man genau mit Kalkmilch und filtrirt von dem ausgeschiedenen unlöslichen phosphorsauren Kalk, Paranucle'in, etwa unverdaut gebliebenen Planzeneiweifs, Syntonin und unverdaulichen Bestandtheilen des Klebers ab.The mixture obtained in one way or another is kept for g hours at 38 ° C. constantly stirred. Then neutralize exactly with milk of lime and filter it Excreted insoluble phosphoric acid lime, Paranucle'in, about undigested Plant protein, syntonin and indigestible components of the glue.
Die hierdurch erzielte klare fast wasserhelle Lösung wird auf ca. 20 1 eingeengt und zur Entfernung etwa vorhandener Peptonspuren in die siebenfache Menge 96 proc. Alkohols eingegossen.The resulting clear, almost water-white solution is concentrated to approx. 20 1 and used for Removal of any traces of peptone present in seven times the amount 96 per cent. Alcohol poured.
Während die Peptone in Lösung bleiben, scheidet sich die Albumose aus und wird nach Abgiefsen des Alkohols bei ca. 500 getrocknet und pulverisirt.While the peptones remain in solution, the albumose coming off and the alcohol at about 50 0 is dried after Abgiefsen and pulverized.
Nach einer. anderen Ausführungsweise des Verfahrens wird die Verdauungsflüssigkeit aus Schweinemagenschleimhäuten in analoger Weise wie bei Beispiel 1 hergestellt, indem die 0,8 proc. Phosphorsäure durch 0,5 proc. Schwefelsäure ersetzt wird. Es kommen demnach auf 10 kg Pflanzeneiweifs 600 g Pepsin in 6000 ecm Wasser und 1250 ecm 25 proc. Schwefelsäure oder 20 1 schwefelsaurer Magenauszug und 1000 ecm 25 proc. Schwefelsäure.After a. Another way of performing the process is to remove the digestive fluid Pig gastric mucous membranes prepared in a manner analogous to Example 1 by adding the 0.8 percent. Phosphoric acid by 0.5 percent. Sulfuric acid is replaced. So it comes to 10 kg Plant protein 600 g pepsin in 6000 ecm water and 1250 ecm 25 proc. sulfuric acid or 20 1 sulfuric acid gastric extract and 1000 ecm 25 proc. Sulfuric acid.
Nach vollendeter Verdauung kann die Neutralisation der Schwefelsäure sowohl durch Kalkmilch wie durch Barytlösung stattfinden.After digestion is complete, the sulfuric acid can be neutralized by either Milk of lime take place as if by barite solution.
Die so gewonnene Albumose stellt ein fast geruchloses und schwach aromatisch schmeckendes hell gelbliches Pulver dar, das sich leicht in Wasser löst.The albumose obtained in this way is almost odorless and tastes weakly aromatic light yellowish powder that easily dissolves in water.
Die wässerige Lösung wird durch Ammoniumsulfat quantitativ gefällt.The aqueous solution is quantitatively precipitated using ammonium sulfate.
Versetzt man die wässerige Lösung mit einigen Tropfen Salpetersäure, so tritt die bekannte charakteristische Albumosenfällung ein, die sich in der Siedehitze löst und beim Abkühlen wieder auftritt.If a few drops of nitric acid are added to the aqueous solution, the familiar occurs characteristic albumose precipitation, which dissolves in the boiling heat and when cooling occurs again.
Die Kleber-Albumose giebt die bekannten Farbenreactionen der Eiweißstoffe, so die Millon'sche und die Biuret-Probe, letztere wie alle Albumosen bereits in der Kälte.The gluten-albumose gives the well-known color reactions of the protein substances, so those Millon's and biuret samples, the latter, like all albumoses, already in the cold.
Wie alle wahren Eiweifskörper enthält auch die Kleber-Albumose beträchtliche Mengen Schwefel, der leicht beim Kochen der Albumose mit alkalischer Bleioxydlösung als Schwefelblei abgeschieden wird.Like all true albuminous bodies, the gluten albumose also contains considerable quantities Sulfur, which is easily converted into lead sulfur when boiling the albumose with an alkaline lead oxide solution is deposited.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0106309A2 (en) * | 1982-10-12 | 1984-04-25 | Kailash Kumar Dr. Prof. Gauri | Biologically active extracts, process for their manufacture, medicinal and cosmetical preparations comprising them, and their use as additives in foodstuffs and stimulants |
-
0
- DE DENDAT107528D patent/DE107528C/de active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0106309A2 (en) * | 1982-10-12 | 1984-04-25 | Kailash Kumar Dr. Prof. Gauri | Biologically active extracts, process for their manufacture, medicinal and cosmetical preparations comprising them, and their use as additives in foodstuffs and stimulants |
EP0106309A3 (en) * | 1982-10-12 | 1986-12-30 | Kailash Kumar Dr. Prof. Gauri | Biologically active extracts, process for their manufacture, medicinal and cosmetical preparations comprising them, and their use as additives in foodstuffs and stimulants |
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