DE1052673B - Wide slot nozzle for the production of foils and sheets made of thermoplastics - Google Patents

Wide slot nozzle for the production of foils and sheets made of thermoplastics

Info

Publication number
DE1052673B
DE1052673B DEH31007A DEH0031007A DE1052673B DE 1052673 B DE1052673 B DE 1052673B DE H31007 A DEH31007 A DE H31007A DE H0031007 A DEH0031007 A DE H0031007A DE 1052673 B DE1052673 B DE 1052673B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
nozzle
plastic material
agitator
shaft
shows
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEH31007A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Rudolf Barainsky
Gottfried Sander
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hagedorn & Co AG Osnabrueck A
Original Assignee
Hagedorn & Co AG Osnabrueck A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL129548D priority Critical patent/NL129548C/xx
Priority to BE570608D priority patent/BE570608A/xx
Priority to NL113660D priority patent/NL113660C/xx
Priority to NL253458D priority patent/NL253458A/xx
Priority to LU36357D priority patent/LU36357A1/xx
Priority to NL230731D priority patent/NL230731A/xx
Priority to BE593902D priority patent/BE593902A/xx
Application filed by Hagedorn & Co AG Osnabrueck A filed Critical Hagedorn & Co AG Osnabrueck A
Priority to DEH31007A priority patent/DE1052673B/en
Priority to DEH34043A priority patent/DE1127575B/en
Priority to GB26439/58A priority patent/GB894335A/en
Priority to CH345152D priority patent/CH345152A/en
Priority to SE786658A priority patent/SE210990C1/sv
Priority to FR1201917D priority patent/FR1201917A/en
Publication of DE1052673B publication Critical patent/DE1052673B/en
Priority to DEH39590A priority patent/DE1194125B/en
Priority to GB21958/60A priority patent/GB929629A/en
Priority to LU38868D priority patent/LU38868A1/xx
Priority to CH762460A priority patent/CH363796A/en
Priority to FR835301A priority patent/FR78241E/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/484—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with two shafts provided with screws, e.g. one screw being shorter than the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/485—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with three or more shafts provided with screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
    • B29B7/489—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/31—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
    • B29C48/313—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections by positioning the die lips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/49—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Breitschlitzdüse zur Herstellung von Folien und Platten aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen.The invention relates to a slot die for the production of foils and plates from thermoplastics.

Das Herstellen von Folien und Platten aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen erfolgt unter anderem mittels einer Breitschlitzdüse. Diese soll den zylindrischen Fluß des Kunststoffmaterials im Extruder in einen prismenartigen Fluß umlenken, wobei jedoch eine Dimension immer stark überwiegt. So hat man z. B. L-Düsen verwendet, bei denen das Kunststoffmaterial an einer Seite eintritt und der Kunststoffmaterialfluß ein L bildet. Diese Düse hat den Vorteil eines leicht überschaubaren Kunststoffmaterialflusses. Da der zylindrische Kanal zur Vermeidung eines zu starken Druckabfalles nicht zu eng sein darf, tritt jedoch der Nachteil auf, daß sich im oberen und im unteren, wie auch im hinteren Teil der Düse tote Zonen bilden, in denen das Kunststoffmaterial nicht fließt und sich bei wärmeempfindlichem Kunststoffmaterial dort zersetzt.The production of foils and plates from thermoplastics is carried out, among other things, by means of a slot nozzle. This is to the cylindrical flow of the plastic material in the extruder in one Divert prism-like flow, but one dimension always predominates. So one has z. B. L-nozzles are used where the plastic material enters on one side and the plastic material flow forms an L. This nozzle has the advantage of an easily manageable flow of plastic material. Since the cylindrical The channel must not be too narrow to avoid an excessive pressure drop, but the The disadvantage is that dead zones are formed in the upper and lower parts of the nozzle, as well as in the rear part of the nozzle where the plastic material does not flow and where heat-sensitive plastic material decomposes.

Es sind auch bereits sogenannte T-Düsen verwendet worden, bei denen das Kunststoffmaterial in der Mitte der Düse eintritt und der Kunststoffmaterialfluß sich in Form eines T verteilt. Diese Düsen haben den Vorteil eines geringen Druckabfalles, jedoch den Nachteil eines teilweise recht komplizierten und nicht übersehbaren Flusses des Kunststoffmaterials, der im wesentlichen in Druckrichtung verläuft. Es gibt verschiedene Arten von T-Düsen, die im Prinzip auf zwei Konstruktionen zurückgehen. Bei der einen, der T-Diise mit Ausgleichkanal, wird die Verteilung des Kunststoffmaterials über die Breite durch einen Ausgleichkana! angestrebt, wobei aber in den Ecken tote Zonen entstehen, in denen das Kunststoffmaterial nicht oder nur sehr langsam fließt. Durch eine verstellbare Druckleiste kann man zwar die Fließverhältnisse etwas verbessern, aber nicht die toten Zonen vermeiden. Bei der sogenannten Fischschwanz- oder Patschendüse hat man die Verteilung des Kunststoffmaterialflusses über die Breite durch Verteilerkanäle und Stauflächen zu erreichen versucht. Diese Düsen haben den Nachteil, daß sie nicht nur kompliziert und teuer sind, sondern vor allem, daß sie jeweils nur für Kunststoffmaterial mit gleichem oder ähnlichem Fließverhalten geeignet sind. Bei beiden Bauarten der T-Düse ist keine Gewähr gegeben, daß ein gleichmäßiges Fließen des Kunststoffmaterials über die gesamte Breite der Düse stattfindet, vielmehr bleiben einige Kunststoffmaterialteile länger in der Düse als andere. Dies läßt sich gut beobachten, wenn man zwei verschieden gefärbte Kunststoffmaterialien nacheinander extrudiert. Es dauert oft Stunden, ehe die letzten Spuren des zuerst verarbeiteten Kunststoffmaterials aus der Düse entfernt sind.So-called T-nozzles have also been used in which the plastic material in the Enters the center of the nozzle and the flow of plastic material spreads out in the shape of a T. These nozzles have the advantage of a low pressure drop, but the disadvantage of a sometimes quite complicated and not overlookable flow of the plastic material, which runs essentially in the direction of pressure. There are different Types of T-nozzles, which in principle go back to two constructions. With the one who T-Diise with compensation channel, the distribution of the plastic material across the width is ensured by a compensation channel! aimed, but in the corners dead zones arise in which the plastic material does not flow or flows very slowly. With an adjustable pressure bar you can adjust the flow conditions improve something, but don't avoid the dead zones. With the so-called fishtail or Patch nozzle is used to distribute the flow of plastic material across the width through distribution channels and trying to reach storage areas. These nozzles have the disadvantage that they are not only complicated and are expensive, but above all that they are only suitable for plastic material with the same or similar flow behavior. With both types of T-nozzle is no guarantee that a uniform flow of the plastic material over the entire Width of the nozzle takes place, rather some pieces of plastic material stay in the nozzle longer than others. This can be easily observed if you look at two differently colored plastic materials one after the other extruded. It often takes hours before the last traces of the plastic material processed first are removed from the nozzle.

Es sind auch bereits Breitschlitzdüsen bekannt, in Breitschlitzdüse
zur Herstellung von Folien
und Platten aus thermoplastischen
KunststoffenThere are also slot nozzles already known, in slot nozzles
for the production of foils
and sheets of thermoplastic
Plastics

Anmelder:Applicant:

A. Hagedorn & Co. Aktiengesellschaft
Osnabrück, Lotterstr. 95/96A. Hagedorn & Co. Aktiengesellschaft
Osnabrück, Lotterstr. 95/96

Rudolf Barainsky und Gottfried Sander, Osnabrück,
sind als Erfinder genannt wordenRudolf Barainsky and Gottfried Sander, Osnabrück,
have been named as inventors

deren Innern eine das durchtretende Kunststoffmaterial bewegende Einrichtung in Form einer Förderschnecke angeordnet ist.the inside of which is a device in the form of a screw conveyor that moves the plastic material passing through is arranged.

Zur Verarbeitung sehr wärmeempfindlicher Kunst-Stoffmaterialien ist auch diese bekannte Vorrichtung nicht geeignet, da Schnecken immer eine Förderwirkung und damit einem Kunststoffmaterialfluß in Richtung ihrer Achse zur Folge haben. Wenn man einen seitlichen Kunstoffmaterialfluß erreichen will, dann muß man den Hauptstrom des Kunststoffmaterials umlenken, wodurch eine Verminderung der Ausstoßmenge, eine Verlängerung der Verweilzeit und eine starke adiabatische Erwärmung durch Reibung der Schnecke im Kunststoffmaterial hervorgerufen wird.This known device is also used for processing very heat-sensitive plastic materials not suitable, since screws always have a conveying effect and thus a flow of plastic material in the direction their axis result. If you want to achieve a lateral flow of plastic material, then you have to divert the main flow of plastic material, thereby reducing the output, an extension of the residence time and a strong adiabatic heating by friction of the Snail is caused in the plastic material.

Außerdem tritt das Kunststoffmaterial nur stoßweise seitlich aus, und zwar jeweils nur dann, wenn das Ende eines Schneckenganges bei der Drehung in die Ausflußrichtung kommt.In addition, the plastic material only emerges from the side in spurts, and only when that The end of a worm gear turns in the outflow direction.

Auch bei der bekannten Verwendung von Druckschnecken mit verringertem Gangvolumen erfolgt kein gleichmäßiger Austritt des Kunststoffmaterials, so daß eine Nachbehandlung (Glättung) des aus der Düse ausgepreßten Kunststoffmaterials erforderlich ist. Vor allem aber ist die Verweilzeit in den der Austrittsöffnung entgegengesetzten Teilen der Düse, und zwar zwischen Schnecke und Düsenmantel, zu hoch, weil dort keine Strömung vorhanden ist, die das Kunststoffmaterial wegführt. Diese Mängel lassen sich auch nicht dadurch beseitigen, daß der Zwischenraum zwi-Even with the known use of pressure screws with reduced flight volume, there is no uniform discharge of the plastic material, so that a post-treatment (smoothing) of the from the nozzle Expressed plastic material is required. Above all, however, is the dwell time in the outlet opening opposite parts of the nozzle, between the screw and the nozzle jacket, too high because there is no flow that carries away the plastic material. These shortcomings can also be do not eliminate the fact that the gap between

809 769/540809 769/540

Claims (1)

sehen Schnecke und Düseninnenwandung stark vermindert wird, weil in der dann zwischen Schnecke und Mantel verbleibenden dünnen Kunststoffmaterialschicht bei wärmeempfindlichen Kunststoffmaterialien die auftretende starke Friktionserwärmung die Gefahr des Anbrennens und der Zersetzung des Kunststoffmaterials noch wesentlich vergrößert. Bei Verwendung von sehr wärmeempfindlichem Kunststoffmaterial würde ferner ein Anbrennen an der Düsenwandung und evtl. eine chemische Zersetzung erfolgen, die sich in stetig zunehmenden Ungleicihmäfiigkeiten und Beschädigungen des aus der Düse austretenden Kunststoffmaterials auswirken. Es ist weiter bekannt, innerhalb einer Breitschlitzdüse eine das durchtretende Kunststoffmaterial bewegende Einrichtung in Form von zwei Druckschnecken mit stetig abnehmendem Gangvolumen vorzusehen, deren Gänge so ineinandergreifen, daß ihre Flächen und Kanten sich selbst und die Gehäusewandung vollkommen abstreichen. Auf diese Weise sollte die Entstehung toter Räume innerhalb der Schneckennuten und somit eine Festsetzung und ein Anwachsen des zu verarbeitenden Kunststoffmaterials vermieden werden. Aber auch dabei traten die gleichen, oben angeführten Nachteile, insbesondere die Friktionserwärmung, auf. Die Erfindung hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, eine Breitschlitzdüse zu schaffen, die die Mängel der bekannten Breitschlitzdüsen vermeidet. ZudiesemZweck besteht die Erfindung bei einer Breitschlitzdüse zur Herstellung von Folien und Platten aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen mit in ihrem Innern angeordneter, das durchtretende Kunststoff material bewegender Einrichtung darin, daß insbesondere bei Verwendung wärmeempfindlicher thermoplastischer Kunststoffe, die Einrichtung als aus über die Länge der Düse verteilten, ein längsachsiges Ausweichen des Kunststoffmaterials ermöglichenden Rührwerkzeugen bestehendes Rührwerk ausgebildet ist. Vorzugsweise ist das Rührwerk mit den Rührwerkzeugen als auf einer Welle radial angeordnete und in Richtung der Achse sich erstreckende Rührflügel ausgebildet. Das Rührwerk mit den Rührwerkzeugen kann auch als auf dem Umfang einer Welle mit Abstand verteilten, sich über die gesamte Länge der Welle erstreckenden Reihen von koaxial hintereinander unter einem Winkel zur Achse angeordneten Rührflügeln ausgebildet sein. Der Innenraum der Düse kann sich dabei in an sich bekannter Weise von der Einlaßöffnung bis zum Ende hin konisch verjüngen. Bei zylindrischem Innenraum der Düse kann die Welle von der Einlaßöffnung bis zum Düsenende hin konisch vergrößert sein. Schließlich kann die Düse mit zwei oder mehr Austrittsschlitzen versehen sein. Durch das erfindungsgemäße Rührwerk wird eine ständige Mischung des Kunststoffmaterials in der Düse erreicht und jegliche Überhitzung und Zersetzung vermieden, ohne daß der normale Strömungsverlauf gestört wird, weil das Kunststoffmaterial um das einzelne Rührwerkzeug längsachsig ausweichen kann, was auch für Kunststoffmaterial gilt, welches nicht in Längsrichtung strömt. Die Rührgeschwindigkeit ist weitgehend unabhängig von der Menge des durchtretenden Kunststoffmaterials und kann daher dem jeweils zu verarbeitenden Kunststoffmaterial angepaßt werden. Das Kunststoffmaterial tritt gleichmäßig temperiert und homogenisiert in gleichmäßiger Dicke über die Bahnbreite aus der Düse aus, so daß auch ein Dauerbetrieb- bei hervorragenden Qualitätseigenschaften des Kunststoffmaterials möglich ist. Mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele des Gegenstandes der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigt Fig. 1 eine Breitschlitzdüse nach der Erfindung mit einem Austrittsschlitz in prinzipieller Darstellung, Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch eine Düse nach Fig. 1, Fig. 3 eine abgeänderte Ausführungsform der Düse, Fig. 4 eine Düse nach Fig. 1, jedoch mit zwei Austrittsschlitzen, Fig. 5 eine weitere Ausführungsform der Düse. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 und 2 besteht die Düse aus einem massiven Metallblock mit einer zylindrischen Bohrung, die unmittelbar an den Zylinder des Extruders anschließen kann. Die Düse ist auf 1s einer Seite geschlitzt und kann in an sich bekannter Weise mit verstellbaren Lippen versehen sein. Im Innern der Düse rotiert ein Rührwerk mit Rührwerkzeugen, das bis zum Schneckenende des Extruders reichen kann und dessen Form und Geschwindigkeit dem jeweiligen Kunststoffmaterial angepaßt ist. Das von der Schnecke des Extruders in die Düse geförderte Kunststoffmaterial wird dabei so bewegt, daß kein Teil des Kunststoffmaterials irgendwo in einer toten Zone längere Zeit verweilen kann. Insbesondere gilt dies für die kreuzweise schraffierten Zonen in Fig. 2. Das Rührwerk mit den Rührwerkzeugen ist hier als zwei auf einer Welle radial angeordnete und in Richtung der Achse sich von der Eintrittsöffnung bis zum Düsenende erstreckende, diametral gegenüberliegende Rührflügel ausgebildet. Dabei können auch mehr als zwei Rührflügel vorgesehen sein. Wiederholt man mit einer solchen Düse den oben angeführten Versuch mit zwei verschieden gefärbten Kunststoffmaterialien, so ist festzustellen, daß nach kurzer Zeit auch die letzten Reste des zuerst extrudieren Kunststoffmaterials aus der Düse entfernt sind. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3 ist das! Rührwerk mit den Rührwerkzeugen als auf dem Umfang +° einer Welle mit Abstand verteilten, sich über die gesamte Länge der Welle erstreckenden Reihen von koaxial hintereinander unter einem Winkel zur Achse angeordneten Rührflügeln ausgebildet, durch die das Kunststoffmaterial eine Bewegung sowohl in Umfangsrichtung wie auch in Längsrichtung erfährt. Die Fig. 4 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der Düse entsprechend Fig. 1, jedoch sind zwei Austrittsschlitze vorgesehen. Die Fig. 5 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der Düse mit von der Einlaßöffnung bis zum Düsenende hin konisch vergrößerter Welle des Rührwerks, wodurch ein gleichmäßiger seitlicher Ausfluß des Kunststoffmaterials über die ganze Düsenbreite erreicht wird. Es ist auch möglich, daß sich der Innenraum der Düse in an sich bekannter Weise von der Einlaßöffnung bis zum Ende hin konisch verjüngt. Weiterhin ist es auch möglich, die verschiedenen dargestellten Rührwerke miteinander zu kombinieren und dabei gegebenenfalls auch die konische Form der Rührwelle anzuwenden. Patentansprüche:see screw and nozzle inner wall is greatly reduced, because in the then remaining thin plastic material layer with heat-sensitive plastic materials in the case of heat-sensitive plastic materials, the strong frictional heating that occurs significantly increases the risk of burning and decomposition of the plastic material. When using very heat-sensitive plastic material, burning on the nozzle wall and possibly chemical decomposition would occur, which would result in steadily increasing inequality and damage to the plastic material emerging from the nozzle. It is also known to provide a plastic material moving device in the form of two pressure screws with steadily decreasing passage volume within a slot nozzle, the flights of which intermesh so that their surfaces and edges completely wipe themselves and the housing wall. In this way, the creation of dead spaces within the screw grooves and thus a fixation and growth of the plastic material to be processed should be avoided. However, the same disadvantages listed above, in particular friction heating, also occurred in this case. The invention has set itself the task of creating a slot nozzle which avoids the shortcomings of the known slot nozzles. For this purpose, the invention consists in a slot die for the production of foils and plates made of thermoplastics with a device arranged in its interior that moves the plastic material passing through, especially when using heat-sensitive thermoplastics, the device as a distributed over the length of the nozzle, a longitudinal axis evasion of the plastic material enabling stirring tools existing agitator is formed. The agitator with the agitating tools is preferably designed as agitator blades which are arranged radially on a shaft and extend in the direction of the axis. The agitator with the agitating tools can also be designed as rows of agitating blades arranged coaxially one behind the other at an angle to the axis and distributed at a distance on the circumference of a shaft, extending over the entire length of the shaft. The interior of the nozzle can taper conically in a manner known per se from the inlet opening to the end. If the interior of the nozzle is cylindrical, the shaft can be enlarged conically from the inlet opening to the nozzle end. Finally, the nozzle can be provided with two or more outlet slots. The agitator according to the invention achieves constant mixing of the plastic material in the nozzle and prevents any overheating and decomposition without disturbing the normal flow because the plastic material can move longitudinally around the individual agitating tool, which also applies to plastic material that is not longitudinal flows. The stirring speed is largely independent of the amount of plastic material passing through and can therefore be adapted to the plastic material to be processed in each case. The plastic material exits the nozzle at a uniform temperature and homogenized in a uniform thickness over the width of the web, so that continuous operation is also possible with excellent quality properties of the plastic material. Several embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown in the drawing. 1 shows a wide slot nozzle according to the invention with an outlet slot in a basic representation, FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a nozzle according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a modified embodiment of the nozzle, FIG. 4 shows a nozzle according to FIG. 1, however with two outlet slots, FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the nozzle. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the nozzle consists of a solid metal block with a cylindrical bore which can be directly connected to the cylinder of the extruder. The nozzle is slotted on one side and can be provided with adjustable lips in a manner known per se. Inside the nozzle, an agitator rotates with agitator tools, which can extend to the end of the screw of the extruder and whose shape and speed are adapted to the respective plastic material. The plastic material conveyed into the nozzle by the screw of the extruder is moved in such a way that no part of the plastic material can linger anywhere in a dead zone for a long time. This applies in particular to the cross-hatched zones in FIG. 2. The agitator with the agitators is designed here as two diametrically opposed agitator blades arranged radially on a shaft and extending in the direction of the axis from the inlet opening to the nozzle end. More than two agitator blades can also be provided. If the above-mentioned experiment is repeated with such a nozzle with two differently colored plastic materials, it can be seen that after a short time the last remnants of the plastic material extruded first are removed from the nozzle. In the embodiment of FIG. 3 that is! Agitator with the agitating tools designed as rows of agitator blades arranged coaxially one behind the other at an angle to the axis, distributed over the circumference + ° of a shaft at a distance, extending over the entire length of the shaft, through which the plastic material moves both in the circumferential direction and in the longitudinal direction learns. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the nozzle according to FIG. 1, but two outlet slots are provided. 5 shows an embodiment of the nozzle with a conically enlarged shaft of the agitator from the inlet opening to the nozzle end, whereby a uniform lateral outflow of the plastic material is achieved over the entire width of the nozzle. It is also possible that the interior of the nozzle tapers conically in a manner known per se from the inlet opening to the end. Furthermore, it is also possible to combine the various agitators shown with one another and, if necessary, also to use the conical shape of the agitator shaft. Patent claims: 1. Breitschlitzdüse zur Herstellung von Folien und Platten aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen mit in ihrem Innern angeordneter, das durchtretende Kunststoffmaterial bewegender Einrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, insbesondere bei Venvendung wärmeempfmdlieher thermoplastischer Kunststoffe, die Einrichtung als aus über die1. Wide slot nozzle for the production of foils and sheets from thermoplastics with a device arranged in its interior to move the plastic material passing through it, characterized in that, especially when using thermosensitive thermoplastic Plastics, the establishment than from about the
DEH31007A 1957-08-29 1957-08-29 Wide slot nozzle for the production of foils and sheets made of thermoplastics Pending DE1052673B (en)

Priority Applications (18)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL129548D NL129548C (en) 1957-08-29
BE570608D BE570608A (en) 1957-08-29
NL113660D NL113660C (en) 1957-08-29
NL253458D NL253458A (en) 1957-08-29
LU36357D LU36357A1 (en) 1957-08-29
NL230731D NL230731A (en) 1957-08-29
BE593902D BE593902A (en) 1957-08-29
DEH31007A DE1052673B (en) 1957-08-29 1957-08-29 Wide slot nozzle for the production of foils and sheets made of thermoplastics
DEH34043A DE1127575B (en) 1957-08-29 1958-08-09 Extruder wide slot nozzle
GB26439/58A GB894335A (en) 1957-08-29 1958-08-18 A die for making films and sheets of thermoplastic synthetic substances
CH345152D CH345152A (en) 1957-08-29 1958-08-22 Wide slot nozzle for the production of foils and sheets made of thermoplastics
SE786658A SE210990C1 (en) 1957-08-29 1958-08-26
FR1201917D FR1201917A (en) 1957-08-29 1958-08-29 Longitudinal slot nozzle for extruding elements, especially in plastics
DEH39590A DE1194125B (en) 1957-08-29 1960-06-02 Extruder wide slot nozzle for pressing out foils or plates from melts of highly viscous, thermoplastic plastics
GB21958/60A GB929629A (en) 1957-08-29 1960-06-23 Improvements in and relating to sheeting dies
LU38868D LU38868A1 (en) 1957-08-29 1960-06-23
CH762460A CH363796A (en) 1957-08-29 1960-07-04 Wide slot nozzle for the production of foils and sheets made of thermoplastics
FR835301A FR78241E (en) 1957-08-29 1960-08-08 Longitudinal slot nozzle for extruding elements, particularly in plastics

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEH31007A DE1052673B (en) 1957-08-29 1957-08-29 Wide slot nozzle for the production of foils and sheets made of thermoplastics
DEH34043A DE1127575B (en) 1957-08-29 1958-08-09 Extruder wide slot nozzle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1052673B true DE1052673B (en) 1959-03-12

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ID=25979456

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEH31007A Pending DE1052673B (en) 1957-08-29 1957-08-29 Wide slot nozzle for the production of foils and sheets made of thermoplastics
DEH34043A Pending DE1127575B (en) 1957-08-29 1958-08-09 Extruder wide slot nozzle

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEH34043A Pending DE1127575B (en) 1957-08-29 1958-08-09 Extruder wide slot nozzle

Country Status (8)

Country Link
BE (2) BE593902A (en)
CH (2) CH345152A (en)
DE (2) DE1052673B (en)
FR (1) FR1201917A (en)
GB (2) GB894335A (en)
LU (2) LU38868A1 (en)
NL (4) NL129548C (en)
SE (1) SE210990C1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3123859A (en) * 1961-03-27 1964-03-10 Barainsky
US3137895A (en) * 1961-09-25 1964-06-23 Hagedorn & Co Ag A Rotating attachment for extruding apparatus

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1094035A (en) * 1964-03-23 1967-12-06 Kawasaki Kokuki Kogyo Kabushik Improvements in or relating to a plastics extruder
US5234330A (en) * 1991-06-14 1993-08-10 Eastman Kodak Company Dies

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR859672A (en) * 1938-08-30 1940-12-24 Kalle & Co Ag Apparatus for spinning very viscous materials for the production of wide belts
DE713403C (en) * 1938-08-30 1941-11-06 Kalle & Co Akt Ges Device for spinning highly viscous masses for the production of films
DE842402C (en) * 1950-03-21 1952-06-26 Bayer Ag Device for the distribution of homogenized masses

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE586021C (en) * 1933-10-14 Kalle & Co Ag Process for the production of films from regenerated cellulose with a patterned surface
GB410168A (en) * 1932-11-10 1934-05-10 British Celanese Improvements in extrusion apparatus
GB682543A (en) * 1950-04-17 1952-11-12 Ici Ltd The production of extruded sheets, films and the like of organic thermoplastic material
DE834139C (en) * 1950-04-18 1952-03-17 Phrix Werke Ag Slot nozzle for pouring foils
FR1146742A (en) * 1955-02-23 1957-11-14 Du Pont Improvements to extrusion equipment

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR859672A (en) * 1938-08-30 1940-12-24 Kalle & Co Ag Apparatus for spinning very viscous materials for the production of wide belts
US2229422A (en) * 1938-08-30 1941-01-21 Kalle & Co Ag Spinning of highly viscous masses
DE713403C (en) * 1938-08-30 1941-11-06 Kalle & Co Akt Ges Device for spinning highly viscous masses for the production of films
DE842402C (en) * 1950-03-21 1952-06-26 Bayer Ag Device for the distribution of homogenized masses

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3123859A (en) * 1961-03-27 1964-03-10 Barainsky
US3137895A (en) * 1961-09-25 1964-06-23 Hagedorn & Co Ag A Rotating attachment for extruding apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1127575B (en) 1962-04-12
SE210990C1 (en) 1967-02-14
NL230731A (en) 1900-01-01
BE593902A (en) 1900-01-01
LU36357A1 (en) 1900-01-01
GB894335A (en) 1962-04-18
NL253458A (en) 1900-01-01
NL129548C (en) 1900-01-01
CH363796A (en) 1962-08-15
FR1201917A (en) 1960-01-06
LU38868A1 (en) 1960-08-23
NL113660C (en) 1900-01-01
CH345152A (en) 1960-03-15
GB929629A (en) 1963-06-26
BE570608A (en) 1900-01-01

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