DE1039659B - Reactor for carrying out nuclear fission reactions - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to a reactor for carrying out nuclear fission reactions with the The aim is to be able to take superheated steam from the reactor to generate energy.

There are boiling water reactors known in which light or in certain channels in the reactor core heavy water evaporates and the saturated steam formed is superheated in further channels. Here Extremely high steam velocities are required to dissipate the thermal nuclear fission energy. It has already been thought of connecting two nuclear reactors together in such a way that im The first reactor generates saturated steam and the saturated steam formed is converted into superheated steam in the second reactor will. This results in better possibilities to influence the flow of the two reactors independently of one another, however, are this requires two separate pressure vessels, which make the system considerably more expensive.

These disadvantages can be remedied and at the same time there can be the risk of local overheating in steam-carrying Channels are reduced by concentric according to the invention the superheater part of the reactor is surrounded by the steam generating part.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous to use the central part of the evaporator reactor to be separated from the rest of the reactor by a guide tube and the elements to be arranged here and to train that the reaction takes place when cooled by the saturated steam. The steam is then passed through the Guide tube removed from the saturated steam room and down through the water chamber of the evaporator reactor derived as superheated steam. But it is also possible to design the superheater reactor with two flows, so that ζ. B. the saturated steam flows in at its outer periphery, through a reversing chamber is deflected at the lower part and through the inner part upwards through the steam space exits the reactor vessel. Both arrangements have the advantage that the highest temperature on the from Full pressure stressed reactor vessel only reaches the outlet point of the superheated steam, which through Double jacket can be designed accordingly, so that here too the reactor vessel is not at the same time has to withstand the pressure and temperature stress. This makes it possible for the guide tubes to use ceramic materials. In the invention, one is expediently in the superheater part higher concentration of fissile material used than in the evaporator part.

An embodiment according to the invention is shown in the drawing.

Fig. 1 shows a vertical section through the reactor and

Reactor for implementation
of nuclear fission reactions

Applicant:

Walther & Cie. Corporation,
Cologne-Dellbrück, Waltherstr. 51

Dr.-Ing. Wilhelm Lenz, Bergisch Gladbach,
has been named as the inventor

Fig. 2 shows a section along the line AB in Fig. 1.

The feed water passes through the pressure vessel 4 - coming from a ring main - evenly Lines 5 distributed over the circumference enter the reactor. It flows through the outer annular space 6 down, serving as a reflector and cooling jacket. Takes place at the lower end of the outer annulus a deflection by 180 ° in the inner annulus, which is formed by the outer and inner Guide tube 7 and 9. In this room, the water is brought to saturated steam temperature by the fissile material elements 8 warmed up. At the upper end of the inner annulus there is another reversal of the water 180 °, as a result of which it now enters the space of the inner guide tube 9. Here is through the fissile material elements 10 causes overheating to outlet temperature. The overheated one leaves through a line 11 Steam the reactor vessel. The action of the fissile material elements can be regulated with the aid of the regulating rods 12.

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. Reactor for carrying out nuclear fission reactions for the purpose of obtaining electrical power Energy with channels that are used on the one hand to generate steam and on the other hand to overheat serve the generated steam, characterized in that the superheater part concentrically from steam generating part is surrounded. 2. Reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that between the housing, the superheater and evaporator part guide walls are provided that the supplied to the housing circumference Divert feed water and the generated steam by 180 ° each. 3. Reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that the cool feed water is the housing & 09 639/385 flows through from top to bottom and after reversing its direction of movement in the outer reactor part as steam rises upwards, from there the superheater part in the opposite direction is flowed through and removed at the bottom of the reactor. 4. Reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that the flowing towards the superheater Steam in at the top and superheated at the top exits again, whereby in the lower part of the superheater itself a reversal chamber is located. 5. Reactor according to claim 2 to 4, characterized in that the baffles are made of ceramic Material. 6. Reactor according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that in the superheater part of the reactor a higher concentration of fissile material is used than in the evaporator section. Considered publications:
"Nucleonics", Vol. 11, 1953, H. 1, pp. 42 and 43, and Vol. 14, 1956, H. 8, p. R 9. 1 sheet of drawings ® «09 639/3 * 5 9.58