DE10340596A1 - Brick for construction of wall, planted embankment walls and palisade walls has trapezoidal planform terminating in convex and concave ends - Google Patents

Abstract

A modular wall construction system employs bricks, end-bricks and centre bricks that are essentially of trapezoidal shape as seen in plan view.

Description

The Invention relates to a brick or a masonry block, a masonry stone and a brick system for the construction of walls, embankment walls and palisade walls according to the preamble of claim 1 or 10 or 14th

From the DE 196 51 710 A1 is a concrete block known, which is formed in the plan view as isosceles trapezoid and has teeth and depressions on side surfaces. This concrete block allows the straight and arcuate structure of walls and embankment walls, with adjacent concrete blocks are interlocked. A disadvantage of these concrete blocks is that, in particular in arcuate walls, which are loaded from the inside of the curve, the interlocking teeth and depressions are not able to keep the force exerted by a slope thrust permanently. This problem occurs in particular in a serious form when the concrete blocks are offset with a slight distance from each other, since then no effective meshing of the teeth and depressions is given more.

Furthermore, from the DE 298 00 946 U1 a masonry system is known, which comprises a masonry block and at least one short masonry stone and a long Mauersendstein. This system is to be improved with regard to the error-free construction of a wall created from stones of this system.

task The invention is to propose a brick, which for the construction of walls, embankment walls and palisade walls is suitable, which adjacent stones are effective even then mutually support against shear loads when the adjacent Bricks do not lie together to the millimeter. Furthermore is It is an object of the invention to propose a masonry stone, which a professional side completion of brick walled with the brick Wall allowed. Finally is It is an object of the invention to provide a brick system, with which also the layman is able, without deeper planning, one with respect to the joint pattern to wall up professional wall.

These The object is based on the features of the preamble of claims 1 and 10 or 14 according to the invention by the characterizing features of claims 1 and 10 or 14 solved. In the respective dependent claims are advantageous and expedient developments specified.

The The invention provides, on the brick or Mauermittelstein the first side surface concave and the opposite second side surface convex to form and the vaults to provide with about the same radius. This is a deep Ensures interlocking adjacent bricks, regardless of which is given, whether by the bricks a straight or an arc after left or right wall is formed. The articulated Interaction of adjacent bricks continues to allow light Corrections in the orientation of the bricks, without affecting the quality of the vaults formed shift insurance suffers. By a light Angle contour also creates no unwanted gap between the faces the bricks. Only the front surfaces of the angle correction As a result, participating bricks receive a slightly different orientation to each other.

Farther the invention provides, the centers of the two curved side surfaces to arrange two beams which are within a contour of the Cut brick. This requirement facilitates the construction of bricks according to the invention.

According to the invention the rays on which the centers of the side surfaces are arranged, in positive or negative angles, in particular about 2 ° to 10 ° to a Centerline of the brick. Such constructed bricks fulfill the Requirements that are regularly asked become.

Farther the invention provides, the vaults trough-like or nose-like or spherical or hollow spherical form. This is the realization of a deep overlap in masonry possible and continue to allow such connected bricks through the articulated nature of the compound slight corrections in the Alignment of adjacent bricks.

It is particularly advantageous when the gutters or with the gutters interacting noses are aligned perpendicular to the brick. This facilitates the construction of a wall, since a merging of Brick from two directions is possible, namely from the side and from the top.

The Invention provides, the front surfaces as flat visible surfaces train. With such trained front surfaces, it is possible straight Build walls or walls with a polygon character.

A variant The invention provides for the front surfaces to be concave or convexly curved or spherical, the front surfaces oriented in the same direction or in different directions are and in particular have approximately the same radii. From such Masonry walls, embankment walls or palisade walls allow opposite Wall of bricks with flat front surfaces to a greater extent slight changes in the course of the wall, which remain hidden from the viewer.

It is according to the invention provided the width of the wall by the sum of the distances, which the side edges of the front sides have to define, where the sum of a double width of the brick corresponds. at Wallstones with arched front surfaces is the width of the brick as the edge distance between the side edges the side surfaces define. By such a design of the dimensions of Bricks it is possible with the bricks to realize particularly solid 90 ° runs, as well in the corner area an offset of the bricks in the individual layers given is.

Farther the invention provides, the difference in length between the distances the side edges of the front pages in particular smaller than 6 cm too hold. This makes it possible with the bricks at usual Wall stone sizes light arc to create running walls.

The Invention provides for a masonry block, which in plan view is designed as a non-isosceles trapezoid, which is a first has legs at right angles to the bases and has a second leg, which by a concave or convex arc is replaced. This is a brick wall created, which in concave formation of the arc or one of the side surfaces is always suitable, a layer of the masonry stones described above complete. In a convex formation of the circular arc or one of the side surfaces the masonry stone suitable to a concave curvature of a masonry middle stone to join.

Especially the invention provides, the imaginary leg in angles of particular about 85 ° or 95 ° to the Align basic pages. This is a straight connection to a Mauermittelstein possible with rays running at an angle of 5 °.

One Connect of the masonry stone is due to the adaptation of the radius of the curvature the radii of the vaults of the masonry block.

It is according to the invention provided, the brick or Mauermittelstein and the masonry stone respectively to use in four positions when building the wall, with the Positions by a rotation of the masonry block or the masonry stone can be achieved about a vertical axis and / or a longitudinal axis. hereby can be with the wall center stone straight and to the left or right curved Realizing wall courses, which are completed by the masonry stone accordingly can.

Furthermore, the invention provides a brick system in which a wall center stone and a short and a long wall end stone are dimensioned, wherein the small edge distance of the long wall cornerstone is greater than the large edge distance of the wall centerstone, wherein the large edge distance of the short corner cornerstone is smaller than that small edge distance of the wall centerstone, wherein the small edge distance of the long wall corner stone minus the large edge distance of the short wall cornerstone is greater than zero and wherein the large edge distance of the long corner stone minus the small edge distance of the short corner stone is smaller than the small edge distance of the wall center block. These specifications for the ratio of the lengths of the three brick types, it is possible walls with a consistently professional offset of the bricks to wall, without having to pay attention to the position of the Mauerecksteine or the Mauermittelssteins, with which the new position of the wall is started. In formula language, the following four conditions should apply (in addition, an example with the concrete dimensions of the bricks 1 . 101 and 201 ) Stated: A 202 > A 3 = 30.25 cm> 27 cm A 103 <A 2 = 19.75 cm <23 cm (A 202 - A 103 )> 0 = (30.25 cm - 19.75 cm> 0 cm) (A 203 - A 102 ) <A 2 = (32.25 cm - 17.75 cm <23 cm)

Wall progressions with 90 ° corners can be realized particularly stable if the sum of the side distances of the Frontages of the wall center stone of a double width of the wall center stone Corresponds to, as a result, in the corner area, a continuous offset the vertical joints are guaranteed from one layer to the next.

The invention further provides for the oversize of the long brick wall facing the masonry center stone to be sized in accordance with the undersize of the masonry block facing the masonry core. This makes it possible to build walls in which the vertical joints of each second layer in the alignment correspond exactly. The following condition should apply in the formula language (supplementary is an example with the concrete dimensions of the bricks 1 . 101 and 201 ) Stated: A 202 - A 2 = A 3 - A 103 30.25 cm - 23 cm = 27 cm - 19.75 cm 7.5 cm = 7.5 cm

Further Details of the invention will become apparent in the drawing with reference to FIG illustrated embodiments described.

in this connection shows:

1 a brick or masonry block according to the invention in plan view,

2 : a short masonry stone according to the invention in plan view,

3 : a long masonry stone according to the invention in plan view,

4a : a schematic representation of the in the 1 wall brick or masonry block,

4b - 4e : in the 4a shown brick in four different positions,

4f - 4i : Side views of the in the 4a shown brick,

5 : a side view of a brick to form a palisade wall,

6a : one of the in the 1 to 4i shown brick wall formed straight wall,

6b : one from the one in the 1 shown brick formed arcuate wall,

6c : one from the one in the 1 shown snake wall,

6d : a schematic enlarged view of three cooperating masonry stones,

7 : a plan view of a wall of bricks whose front surfaces are convex and concave,

8th : a top view of a wall of bricks, the front surfaces are convex,

9 : a Versetzvariante of in the 7 shown masonry block,

10a - 10f : further bricks of a brick system according to the invention,

11 a side view of a wall of the brick system according to the invention and

12 : A side view of another wall of the brick system according to the invention.

In the 1 is a first brick 1 shown in plan view. The brick 1 has a first front surface 2 and an opposite second front surface 3 on. The front surfaces 2 and 3 are through a first side surface 4 and an opposite side surface 5 connected. On vertical side edges S _2-4 , S _2-5 , S _3-4 and S _3-5 , the front surfaces bump 2 and 3 with the side surfaces 4 and 5 together. The side edges S _2-4 and S _2-5 have an edge distance A ₂ from each other, which has a length L _{2 of} the front side 2 equivalent. The side edges S _3-4 and S _3-5 have an edge distance A ₃ from each other, which has a length L _{3 of} the front side 3 equivalent. The brick 2 also has an opening 6 on which the brick 1 from a top 7 to a bottom 8th (See also the schematic illustration 4f ) penetrates. The brick 1 is in the 1 shown in a position I ₁ (for further positions see 4b to 4e ). The side surface 4 and 5 are by two vaults 9 and 10 formed, with the first curvature 9 concave and the second vault 10 is convex. The fronts 2 and 3 of the brick 1 are each similar to a so-called padded cuboid by a pad or a projection 14 respectively. 15 educated. The rectangular projections 14 and 15 go rounding on all four sides 16 and 17 with radii R ₁₆ and R ₁₇ in the side surfaces 4 and 5 , in the top 7 and in the bottom 8th above. The transition to the curved side surfaces 4 and 5 is in each case freed from sharp edges by a second counter-rotating radius R _16-4 , R _16-5 , R _17-4 and R _17-5 .

In the 2 is a short brick wall 101 shown in plan view. This has front surfaces 102 and 103 and side surfaces 104 and 105 on. The front surfaces 102 and 103 are through protrusions 114 and 115 formed, which pass over in analogy to the execution of the front surfaces of the wall centerstone with curves in the adjacent surfaces. The side surface 105 is by a corresponding projection 118 educated. On vertical side edges S _102-104 , S _102-105 , S _103-104 and S _103-105 , the front surfaces abut 102 and 103 with the side surfaces 104 and 105 together. The side edges S _102-104 and S _102-105 have an edge distance A ₁₀₂ from each other, which has a length L _{102 of} the front side 102 equivalent. The side edges S _103-104 and S _103-105 have an edge distance A ₁₀₃ from each other, which has a length L _{103 of} the front side 103 equivalent. The brick 102 also has an opening 106 on which the brick 101 from a top 107 to a bottom 108 penetrates. The brick 101 is in the 2 shown in a position I ₁₀₁ . The side surface 104 is by a vault 109 formed, with the curvature 109 is concave. Viewed from the top view, an unequal trapezoid T ₁₀₁ forms the basic shape of the short wall end stone 101 , The basic shape becomes clear when a circular arc K ₁₀₉ with a radius R ₁₀₉ , which the curvature 109 is replaced by an imaginary connecting line V _102-103 which forms a leg of the trapezoid T ₁₀₁ . The connecting line V _102-103 or the leg extends at angles α _102-104 or α _103-104 to the front surface 102 respectively. 103 , In the plan view, the side surface forms 105 another leg of the trapezium T ₁₀₁ This is perpendicular to the front surfaces 102 and 103 , so that α _102-105 = α _103-105 . The illustrated embodiment of the brick 101 has the following dimensions:

In the 3 is a long brick wall 201 shown in plan view. This has front surfaces 202 and 203 and side surfaces 204 and 205 on. The front surfaces 202 and 203 are through protrusions 214 and 215 formed, which pass over in analogy to the execution of the front surfaces of the wall centerstone with curves in the adjacent surfaces. The side surface 205 is by a corresponding projection 218 educated. On vertical side edges S _202-204 , S _202-205 , S _203-204 and S _203-205 , the front surfaces abut 202 and 203 with the side surfaces 204 and 205 together. The side edges S _202-204 and S _202-205 have an edge distance A ₂₀₂ from each other, which has a length L _{202 of} the front side 202 equivalent. The side edges S _202-203 and S _203-205 have an edge distance A ₂₀₃ from each other, which has a length L _{203 of} the front side 203 equivalent. The brick 202 also has an opening 206 on which the brick 201 from a top 207 to a bottom 208 penetrates. The brick 201 is in the 2 shown in a position I ₂₀₁ . The side surface 204 is by a vault 209 formed, with the curvature 209 is concave.

Viewed from the top view, an unequal leg trapezoid T ₂₀₁ forms the basic shape of the long wall end stone 201 , The basic shape becomes clear when a circular arc K ₂₀₉ with a radius R ₂₀₉ , which the curvature 209 is replaced by an imaginary connecting line V _202-203 , which forms a leg of the trapezoid T ₂₀₁ . The connecting line V _202-203 or the leg extends at angles α _202-204 = 95 ° and α _203-204 = 85 ° to the front surface 202 respectively. 203 , In the plan view, the side surface forms 205 another leg of the trapezium T ₂₀₁ . This is perpendicular to the front surfaces 202 and 203 , so that holds α _202-205 = α _203-205 = 90 °. The illustrated embodiment of the brick 201 has the following dimensions:

The long brick wall 201 thus corresponds exactly to the dimensions A ₂₀₂ or L ₂₀₂ and A ₂₀₃ or L ₂₀₃ exactly in the 2 described short brick wall 101 ,

In the 4a is the one in the 1 illustrated brick 1 shown schematically. On the representation of the opening and the projections is omitted for simplicity. The vaults 9 and 10 are defined in plan view by circular arcs K ₉ and K ₁₀ with radii R ₉ and R ₁₀ , wherein the radii R ₉ and R _{10 are} about the same size. Through the front surfaces 2 and 3 a centerline M is defined which is equidistant to the front surfaces 2 and 3 runs. A center M _{9 of} the circular arc K ₉ is below the center line M and a center M _{10 of} the arc K ₁₀ is above the center line M. From the midpoints M ₉ and M ₁₀ each emanate a beam S ₉ and S ₁₀ , which by the intersection of the circular arc K ₉ with the center line M and the circular arc K ₁₀ with the center line M runs. The two beams S ₉ and S ₁₀ intersect at an intersection S _9-10 , which is within a contour K of the brick 1 lies. The rays S ₉ and S ₁₀ extend to the center line with angles α _9-M and α _10-M . The illustrated embodiment of the brick 1 has the following dimensions:

The front surface 2 is centered on the front surface 4 aligned, so that by means of imaginary connecting lines V _2-3 between the front surfaces 2 and 3 an isosceles trapezoid T _{1 is} formed. The brick 1 has a width B ₁ .

In the 4b to 4e are different positions I ₁ , II ₁ , III ₁ and IV ₁ shown, in which the brick 1 is rotatable by a rotation about a vertical axis H perpendicular to the plane of the drawing or a longitudinal axis L. The 4b shows the brick 1 in the already out of the 1 and 4a known position I ₁ . By a 180 ° turn around the two axes H and L is the brick 1 from position I ₁ to those in 4c shown position II ₁ transferred. The in the 4d shown position III ₁ is from the position I ₁ ( 4b ) is achieved by a rotation through 180 ° about the longitudinal axis L. The in the 4e position IV ₁ shown by a rotation of the brick 1 from position I ₁ ( 4b ) reached by 180 ° about the vertical axis H. By an alternating juxtaposition of in the positions I ₁ and III ₁ and II ₁ and IV ₁ standing bricks 1 can a wall (see eg 6a ) with a straight course. By lining up bricks 1 In the positions I ₁ and II ₁ walls can be formed, which, viewed in a clockwise direction follow a right turn. A row of bricks 1 in the positions III ₁ and IV ₁ allows the formation of walls, which, viewed in a clockwise direction follow a left turn. The radius of a left or right curve of the wall can be determined by the use of a lining up of bricks 1 influence existing game. Furthermore, it is possible to influence the radius of the wall, that bricks 1 which form a right turn regularly or irregularly interrupted by at least one brick, which forms a left turn. In this way, the radius of the right turn can be weakened. Dashed lines indicate the four positions I ₁₀₁ , II ₁₀₁ , III ₁₀₁ , IV ₁₀₁ and I ₂₀₁ , II ₂₀₁ , III ₂₀₁ , IV ₂₀₁ , respectively, which are the short masonry block 101 and the long brick wall 201 can take.

In the 4f is the brick 1 from the in the 4a shown arrow direction IVf shown in side view. The side edge S _3-5 is from the curved side surface 5 obscured and the viewer looks at the front surface 2 , In the 4g is the brick 1 from the in the 4a shown arrow direction IVg shown. The 4h and 4i show the brick 1 from those in the 4a shown arrow directions IVh and IVi. The brick 1 has a height H ₁ .

In the 5 is another brick 1 in one of the 4f corresponding side view shown which has a high height H ₁ and thus is suitable for the construction of palisade walls.

In the 6a is a top view of a location 300 a straight wall 301 shown, which consists of a short brick wall 101 a long brick wall 201 and ten bricks or masonry stones 1 is constructed. The stones 1 . 101 . 201 correspond to those in the 1 to 4i Stones shown and form an inventive wall brick system 800 , According to an embodiment not shown, it is provided instead of the short masonry block 101 with the concave curvature 109 to use another masonry stone, which in the dimensions of the short brick wall stone 101 corresponds but has a convex curvature. The bricks 1 are alternately offset in the positions I ₁ and III ₁ , to obtain the straight course of the wall. The long brick 201 closes the wall 301 in position III ₂₀₁ and the short brick 101 forms in position II ₁₀₁ a wall.

The 6b shows a location 300 a wall 301 which has the course of a right-hand turn RK in a clockwise direction. The location 300 is made of seven bricks 1 built, which in the 1 and 4a to 4i brick shown 1 correspond. All bricks or masonry stones 1 are offset in position I ₁ (see 4b ). A radius R _RK is determined by the deviation α _9-M and α _{10-M of} the centers M ₉ and M ₁₀ from the center line M (see 4a ). In this case, the radius R _{RK of} the right-hand curve RK becomes smaller with increasing angular deviation. This applies accordingly for left turns.

The 6c shows a location 300 another wall 301 which has a serpentine curve formed by two right-hand curves RK and one left-hand curve LK. For the formation of the right curves RK find bricks 1 in position I ₁ use. The left-hand bend LK is through bricks 1 trained, which are in the position III ₁ .

In the 6d are three bricks 1 shown schematically and enlarged and correspond in their construction in the 1 or in the 6a to 6c illustrated bricks. The vertical edges S _2-4 and S _{3-4 of} the first and second brick 1 are connected by imaginary lines P This makes it clear how far adjacent bricks 1 interpenetrate each other or overlap. Thus, there is also in the two laid in the position I ₁ bricks 1 which form a right-hand curve RK, there is no danger of a brick being forced out of the dressing in a load acting on the inside curve from a direction D. In the above dimensions for the wall center stone 1 or the endstones 101 and 201 is the intersection depth T _P about 3 cm.

In the 7 is a top view of a location 300 a wall 301 shown. The wall 301 is made of bricks 1 built, which front surfaces 2 and 3 exhibit. The front surface 2 is as a concave curvature 11 and the front surface 3 as a convex curvature 12 executed. With dashed lines is the comparison of the course of Fronflächen in the brick according to the 1 shown. Based on the dashed lines is also the course of the wall 301 easily recognizable. In a clockwise direction, the wall points 301 initially a straight course GV on. Here are the bricks 1 alternately offset in positions I ₁ and III ₁ . The straight course is followed by a right turn RK. In the right turn RK are the bricks 1 arranged exclusively in the position I ₁ . The right curve RK then goes back to a straight course GV. The vaults 11 and 12 are defined by circular arcs and have approximately the same curvature.

In the 8th is a top view of a location 300 a wall 301 shown. The wall 301 is made of bricks 1 built, which front surfaces 2 and 3 exhibit. The front surfaces 2 and 3 are as convex bulges 12 and 13 executed. With dashed lines is the comparison of the course of Fronflächen in the brick according to the 1 shown. Based on the dashed lines is also the course of the wall 301 easily recognizable. In a clockwise direction, the wall points 301 initially a straight course GV on. Here are the bricks 1 alternately offset in positions I ₁ and III ₁ . The straight course is followed by a right turn RK. In the right turn RK are the bricks 1 arranged exclusively in the position I ₁ . The vaults 13 and 12 are defined by circular arcs and have approximately the same curvature.

In the 9 is a variant for putting the in the 7 shown brick. The 9 shows a location 301 a wall 300 , which from the from the 7 known bricks is constructed, with the bricks 1 with the front sides actually forming the visible sides 2 and 3 are placed together. Around the wall 301 forming a straight course GV is every second brick 1 the situation 300 rotated by 180 ° about a transverse axis Q. Also with this wall 301 show the individual bricks 1 a profound positive connection with each other. The wall 301 has a wave-shaped visible side 302 on. Such a wall structure is particularly interesting when a wall width B ₁ deviates greatly from a mean side edge distance A _2-3 = (A ₂ + A ₃ ) / 2.

In such a case it is possible with the same bricks 1 To realize walls of different widths.

In the 10a to 10f bricks are shown schematically for a brick system according to the invention.

In the 10a is a wall centerstone 401 schematically shown in plan view. The masonry middle stone 401 has a first front surface 402 and an opposite second front surface 403 on. The front surfaces 402 and 403 are through a first side surface 404 and an opposite side surface 405 connected. Viewed in plan view forms the masonry center stone 401 an isosceles trapeze T ₄₀₁ . On vertical side edges S _402-404 , S _402-405 , S _403-404 and S _403-405 , the front _surfaces abut 402 and 403 with the side surfaces 404 and 405 together. This is where the surfaces close 402 to 405 Angle α _602-604 , α _603-604 , α _602-605 and α _603-605 . The rare edges S _402-404 and S _402-405 have an edge distance A ₄₀₂ from each other which corresponds to a length L _{402 of} the front side 402 equivalent. The side edges S _403-404 and S _403-405 have an edge distance A ₄₀₃ from each other, which has a length L _{403 of} the front side 403 equivalent. The brick 402 also has a top 407 , a bottom 408 , a height H ₄₀₁ and a width B ₄₀₁ (see 10b - Side view on the front 402 ) on. The masonry middle stone 401 is in the 10a shown in a position I ₄₀₁ .

The in the 10a and 10b illustrated embodiment of the Mauermittelsteins 401 has the following dimensions:

In the 10c is a short brick wall 501 schematically shown in plan view. This has front surfaces 502 and 503 and side surfaces 504 and 505 on. On vertical side edges S _502-504 , S _502-505 , S _503-504 and S _503-505 , the front _surfaces abut 502 and 503 with the side surfaces 504 and 505 together. The side edges S _502-504 and S _502-505 have an edge distance A ₅₀₂ from each other, which has a length L _{502 of} the front side 502 equivalent. The side edges S _503-504 and S _503-505 have an edge distance A ₅₀₃ from each other, which has a length L _{503 of} the front side 503 equivalent. also has a top 507 to a bottom 508 on. The brick 501 is in the 10a shown in a position I ₅₀₁ . Seen from the top view forms the brick wall 501 an unequal trapeze T ₅₀₁ . The side surface 504 runs at angles α _502-504 and α _503-504 to the front surface 502 respectively. 503 , In the plan view, the side surface forms 505 Another leg of the trapezoid T ₅₀₁ This is at angles α _502-505 and α _503-505 at right angles to the front surfaces 502 and 503 , The brick has a constant width B ₅₀₁ . The 10d shows a side view of the in the 10c depicted wall endstone 501 from an arrow Xd direction. The masonry stone 501 has a height H ₅₀₁ . The in the 10c and 10d illustrated embodiment of the masonry stone 501 has the following dimensions:

In the 10e is a long brick wall 601 schematically shown in plan view. This has front surfaces 602 and 603 and side surfaces 604 and 605 on. On vertical side edges S _602-604 , S _602-605 , S _603-604 and S _603-605 , the front _surfaces abut 602 and 603 with the side surfaces 604 and 605 together. The side edges S _602-604 and S _602-605 have an edge distance A ₆₀₂ from each other, which has a length L _{602 of} the front side 602 equivalent. The side edges S _603-604 and S _603-605 have an edge distance A ₆₀₃ from each other, which has a length L _{603 of} the front side 603 equivalent. also has a top 607 to a bottom 608 on. The brick 601 is in the 10a shown in a position I ₆₀₁ . Seen from the top view forms the brick wall 601 an unequal trapezoid T ₆₀₁ . The side surface 604 runs at angles α _602-604 = 95 ° or α _603-604 = 85 ° to the front surface 602 respectively. 603 , In the plan view, the side surface forms 605 Another leg of the trapezoid T ₆₀₁ This is perpendicular to the front surfaces 602 and 603 , so that α _602-605 = α _603-605 = 90 °. The brick has a constant width B ₆₀₁ . The 10f shows a side view of the in the 10e depicted wall endstone 601 from an arrow Xf. The masonry stone 601 has a height H ₆₀₁ . The in the 10e and 10f illustrated embodiment of the Mau erendsteins 601 has the following dimensions:

According to an embodiment not shown, at least one of the bricks 401 . 501 or 601 at least one opening which extends from the top to the bottom over the height of the brick.

The particular in the 1 to 3 illustrated bricks 1 . 101 and 201 together form a brick system according to the invention.

In the 11 is a side view of a wall 301 shown which the brick system 800 uses and from four layers 300 is bricked up. For the wall 301 find next to cover plates 701 those from the 1 to 3 known bricks 1 . 101 and 201 Use. The individual layers 300 the wall 301 are alternated by short wall bricks 101 and long brick wall stones 201 completed. Between the masonry stones 101 and 201 are wall center stones 1 arranged. These are arranged alternately in the positions I ₁ and III ₁ . At the left edge of the wall 301 find the short brick end stones 101 in position III ₁₀₁ use. The long brick wall stones 201 stand here in the position I ₂₀₁ . At the right edge of the wall 301 are the short and the long wall endstones 101 and 201 in each case by 180 ° about the vertical axis H (see 4b ) and are in the positions II ₁₀₁ and IV ₂₀₁ . The joint picture of the wall 301 is through the protrusions 14 . 114 . 214 respectively. 15 . 115 . 215 the bricks 1 . 101 and 201 embossed.

In the 12 is a side view of another wall 301 shown, which uses the brick system and four layers 300 is bricked up. For the wall 301 find cover plates 701 and those from the 1 to 3 known bricks 1 . 101 and 201 Use. The individual layers 300 the wall 301 are alternated by short wall bricks 101 and long brick wall stones 201 completed. Between the masonry stones 101 and 201 are wall center stones 1 arranged. These are arranged alternately in the positions I ₁ and III ₁ . At the left edge of the wall 301 find the short brick end stones 101 in positions III ₁₀₁ and I ₁₀₁ use. The long brick wall stones 201 stand here in the positions I ₂₀₁ and III ₁₀₁ . At the right edge of the wall 301 stand the short and long brick wall stones 101 and 201 in positions II ₁₀₁ , IV ₁₀₁ , II ₂₀₁ and IV ₂₀₁ . Due to the different orientation of the same brick wall stones 101 respectively. 201 in every other situation 300 are vertical joints 303 the first location 300 the wall 301 opposite vertical joints 305 the third location 300 the wall 301 offset by an offset V _303-305 . Likewise, vertical joints 304 the second location 300 the wall 301 opposite vertical joints 306 the fourth location 300 the wall 301 offset by an offset V _304-306 . The offset V _303-305 corresponds to the offset V _304-306 and is calculated according to the formula V _303-305 = A ₁₀₃ -A ₁₀₂ and V _304-306 = A ₂₀₃ -A ₂₀₂ . The offset V _303-305 or V _304-306 is opposite the dimensions of the bricks 1 . 101 and 201 so small that the joint image despite the disregard of the alignment of the brick wall stones 101 and 102 at the wall ends no more unwanted, weakening the wall cross joints shows. This is achieved by the special dimensions of the wall system. The joint picture of the wall 301 is in turn through the protrusions 14 . 114 . 214 respectively. 15 . 115 . 215 the bricks 1 . 101 and 201 embossed.

According to two embodiments find in the in the 11 and 12 shown walls 301 the bricks 401 . 501 and 601 as wall brick system use, whereby the wall center stone 401 the wall center stone 1 replaced, with the short brick wall stone 501 the short brick wall 101 replaced and where the long brick wall stone 601 the long brick wall 201 replaced. When using the bricks 401 . 501 and 601 results in the illustrated joint image, if the bricks 401 . 501 and 601 one of the bricks 1 . 101 . 201 corresponding, a padded cuboid similar embodiment with projections. Thus, the bricks also form 401 . 501 and 601 an inventive brick system.

The The invention is not limited to illustrated or described embodiments limited. Rather, it comprises developments of the invention in the context of Patent claims.

1

Brick, Wall Mesolithic

2

first front surface of 1

3

second front surface of 1

4

first side surface of 1 (concave)

5

second side surface from 1 (convex)

6

Breakthrough in 1

7

Top of 1

8th

Bottom of 1

9

first curvature (concave) 4

10

second curvature (convex) 5

11

arched first Front surface, bulge (concave)

12

arched second Front surface, bulge (convex)

13

arched first Front surface, bulge (convex)

14

head Start

15

head Start

16

Rounding on all side edges of 14

17

Rounding on all side edges of 15

101

short Maue end stone

102

first front surface of 101

103

second front surface of 101

104

first side surface of 101

105

second side surface of 101

106

Breakthrough in 101

107

Top of 101

108

Bottom of 101

109

Vault on 104

114

head Start

115

head Start

118

head Start

201

short Maue end stone

202

first front surface of 201

203

second front surface of 201

204

first side surface of 201

205

second side surface of 201

206

Breakthrough in 201

207

Top of 201

208

Bottom of 201

209

Vault on 204

214

head Start

215

head Start

218

head Start

300

location

301

Wall

302

Visible side of 301

303-306

vertical Fugue of the 1st to 4th position

401

short Maue end stone

402

first front surface of 401

403

second front surface of 401

404

first side surface of 401

405

second side surface of 401

406

Breakthrough in 401

407

Top of 401

408

Bottom of 401

501

short Maue end stone

502

first front surface of 501

503

second front surface of 501

504

first side surface of 501

505

second side surface of 501

506

Breakthrough in 501

507

Top of 501

508

Bottom of 501

601

short Maue end stone

602

first front surface of 601

603

second front surface of 601

604

first side surface of 601

605

second side surface of 601

606

Breakthrough in 601

607

Top of 601

608

Bottom of 601

701

cover plate

800

Brick system

I ₁ , II ₁ , III ₁ , IV _i

Positions of 1

I ₁₀₁ , II ₁₀₁ , III ₁₀₁ , IV ₁₀₁

Positions of 101

I ₂₀₁ , II ₂₀₁ , III ₂₀₁ , IV ₂₀₁

Positions of 201

I ₄₀₁ , II ₄₀₁ , III ₄₀₁ , IV ₄₀₁

Positions of 401

I ₅₀₁ , IV ₅₀₁ , III ₅₀₁ , IV ₅₀₁

Positions of 501

I ₆₀₁ , IV ₆₀₁ , III ₆₀₁ , IV ₆₀₁

Positions of 601

A ₂

Edge distance between S _2-4 and S _2-5

A ₃

Edge distance between S _3-4 and S _3-5

A ₁₀₂

Edge distance between S _102-104 and S _102-105

A ₁₀₃

Edge distance between S _103-104 and S _103-105

A ₂₀₂

Edge distance between S _202-204 and S _202-205

A ₂₀₃

Edge distance between S _203-204 and S _203-205

A ₄₀₂

Edge distance between S _402-404 and _S402-405

A ₄₀₃

Edge distance between S _403-404 and S _403-405

A ₅₀₂

Edge distance between S _502-504 and S _502-505

A ₅₀₃

Edge distance between S _503-504 and S _503-505

A ₆₀₂

Edge distance between S _602-604 and S _602-605

A ₆₀₃

Edge distance between S _603-604 and S _603-605

A _2-3

mean edge distance = (A ₂ + A ₃ ) / 2

α _9-M

Angle between S ₉ and M

α _10-M

Angle between S ₁₀ and M

α _102-104

Angle between 102 and V _102-104

α _103-104

Angle between 103 and V _103-104

α _102-105

Angle between 102 and 105

α _103-105

Angle between 103 and 105

α _202-204

Angle between 202 and V202-203

α _203-204

Angle between 203 and V203-204

α _202-205

Angle between 202 and 205

α _203-205

Angle between 203 and 205

α _402-404

Angle between 402 and 404

α _403-404

Angle between 403 and 404

α _402-405

Angle between 402 and 405

α _403-405

Angle between 403 and 405

α _502-504

Angle between 502 and 504

α _503-504

Angle between 503 and 504

a _502-505

Angle between 502 and 505

α _503-505

Angle between 503 and 505

α _602-604

Angle between 602 and 604

α _603-604

Angle between 603 and 604

α _602-605

Angle between 602 and 605

α _603-605

Angle between 603 and 605

B ₁

Width of 1

B ₁₀₁

Width of 101

B ₂₀₁

Width of 201

B ₄₀₁

Width of 401

B ₅₀₁

Width of 501

B ₆₀₁

Width of 601

D

print direction

GV

straight course of 300 respectively. 301

H

vertical axis

H ₁

Height of 1

K ₉ , K ₁₀

Arc of 9 respectively. 10

K ₁₀₉

Arc of 109

K ₂₀₉

Arc of 209

L

longitudinal axis

L ₂

length of 2

L ₃

length of 3

LK

Left turn of 300 respectively. 301

M

center line

M ₉

Center of 9

M ₁₀

Center of 10

P

imaginary line between S _2-4 and S _3-4

R ₉ , R ₁₀

Radii of 9 respectively. 10

R ₁₀₉

Radius of 109

R ₂₀₉

Radius of 209

R ₁₆ , R ₁₇

Transition radii on 16 respectively. 17

R _16-4 , R _16-4

Transition radii of R16 up 4 or R16 5

R _17-4 , R _17-4

Transition radii from R17 to 4 or R17 on 5

RK

Right turn of 300 respectively. 301

S _2-4 , S _2-5 , S _3-4 , S _3-5

vertical side edges of 1

S _102-104 , pp _{. 102-105}

vertical side edges of 101

_{Pp. 103-104} , pp. _103-105

vertical side edges of 101

S _202-204 , S _202-205

vertical side edges of 201

S _203-204 , S _203-205

vertical side edges of 201

S _402-404 , S _402-405

vertical side edges of 401

S _403-404 , S _403-405

vertical side edges of 401

S _502-504 , S _502-505

vertical side edges of 501

S _503-504 , S _503-505

vertical side edges of 501

S _602-604 , S _602-605

vertical side edges of 601

S _603-604 , S _603-605

vertical side edges of 601

S ₉

Ray starting in M ₉

S ₁₀

Ray starting in M ₁₀

P _9-10

Intersection of the rays S ₉ and S ₁₀

T ₁

Trapeze formed by 2 . 3 , V _2-3 and V _2-3

T ₁₀₁

Trapeze formed by 102 . 103 , and V _102-103

T ₂₀₁

Trapeze formed by 202 . 203 , and V _202-203

T ₄₀₁

Trapeze formed by 402 - 405

T ₅₀₁

Trapeze formed by 502 - 505

T ₆₀₁

Trapeze formed by 602 - 605

T _P

overlap depth

V _2-3

imaginary connecting line between 2 and 3

V _102-103

imaginary connecting line between 102 and 103

V _202-203

imaginary connecting line between 202 and 203

V _303-305

Offset between 303 and 305

V _304-306

Offset between 304 and 306

Claims (18)

Brick ( 1 ) for the construction of walls ( 301 ), Embankment walls and palisade walls with a first front surface ( 2 ) and an opposing second front surface ( 3 ), with a first side surface ( 4 ) and an opposite second side surfaces ( 5 ), wherein vertical side edges (S _2-4 , S _2-5 ) of the first front surface ( 2 ) have a first edge distance (A ₂ ), wherein vertical side edges (S _3-4 , S _3-5 ) of second front surface ( 3 ) have a second edge distance (A ₃ ) and wherein the two distances (A ₂ , A ₃ ) are different, characterized in that the first side surface ( 4 ) concave and the second side surface ( 5 ) is curved convexly, the vaults ( 9 . 10 ) have approximately the same radius (R ₉ , R ₁₀ ). Brick according to claim 1, characterized in that center points (M ₉ , M ₁₀ ) of the two curved side surfaces ( 4 . 5 respectively. 9 . 10 ) lie on two rays (S ₉ , S ₁₀ ), which are within a contour (K) of the brick ( 1 ) at an intersection (S _9-10 ). Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beams (S ₉ , S ₁₀ ) on which the centers (M ₉ , M ₁₀ ) of the side surfaces ( 4 . 5 respectively. 9 . 10 ), in positive or negative angles (α _9-M , α _10-M ) of in particular about 2 ° to 10 ° to a center line (M) of the brick ( 1 ). Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bulges ( 9 . 10 ) are channel-shaped or spherical. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gutters ( 9 . 10 ) are vertical. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front surfaces ( 2 . 3 ) flat visible surfaces ( 2 . 3 ) form. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front surfaces ( 2 . 3 ) as curved front surfaces ( 11 . 12 . 13 ), wherein the bulges ( 11 . 12 . 13 ) in the same direction ( 11 . 12 ) or in different directions ( 12 . 13 ) are formed and wherein the vaults ( 11 . 12 . 13 ) in particular have approximately equal radii. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sum of the distances (A ₂ , A ₃ and L ₂ , L ₃ ) of the side edges (S _2-5 , S _2-4 , S _3-5 , S _{3- 4} ) of the front pages ( 2 . 3 ) of a double width (B ₁ ) of the brick ( 1 ) corresponds. Brick according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the difference between the distances (A ₂ , A ₃ ) of the side edges (S _2-5 , S _2-4 , S _3-5 , S _3-4 ) of the front sides ( 2 . 3 ) is in particular smaller than 6 cm. Masonry stone in particular for use with bricks according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the masonry stone ( 101 ; 201 ) is formed in the plan view as a non-isosceles trapezoid (T ₁₀₁ , T ₂₀₁ ), which has a first leg ( 105 ; 205 ) at right angles (α _102-105 ; α _103-105 ) to the bases (FIG. 102 . 103 ; 202 . 203 ), and which has a second leg (V _102-103 , V _202-203 ) which is replaced by a concave or convex circular arc (K ₁₀₉ , K ₂₀₉ ). Masonry stone according to claim 10, characterized in that the second imaginary leg (V _102-103 , V _202-203 ) at angles (α _103-104 or α _102-103 , α _203-204 or α _202-104 ) of in particular about 85 ° or 95 ° to the bases ( 102 . 103 ; 202 . 203 ) runs. Masonry stone according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that a radius (R ₁₀₉ , R ₂₀₉ ) defined by the convex or concave circular arc (K ₁₀₉ , K ₂₀₉ ) curvature ( 109 . 209 ) about the radii (R ₉ , R ₁₀ ) of the vaults ( 9 . 10 ) of the brick ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9. Brick or masonry stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brick ( 1 ) or the masonry stone ( 101 ; 201 ) in four positions (I ₁ , II ₁ , III ₁ , IV ₁ , I ₁₀₁ , II ₁₀₁ , III ₁₀₁ , IV ₁₀₁ , I ₂₀₁ , II ₂₀₁ , III ₂₀₁ , IV ₂₀₁ ) is usable, with a change between these Positions (I ₁ , II ₁ , III ₁ , IV ₁ , I ₁₀₁ , II ₁₀₁ , III ₁₀₁ , IV ₁₀₁ , I ₂₀₁ , II ₂₀₁ , III ₂₀₁ , IV ₂₀₁ ) by rotation of the brick ( 1 ) or the masonry stone ( 101 ; 201 ) about a vertical axis (H) and / or a longitudinal axis (L). Wall brick system for the erection of walls, embankment walls and palisade walls consisting of a masonry block ( 1 ; 401 ) and at least one short masonry stone ( 101 ; 501 ) and at least one long brick endstone ( 201 ; 601 ), where the bricks ( 1 ; 4011 101 ; 501 ; 201 ; 601 ) by connecting lines (V _2-3 ; V _102-103 ; V _202-203 ; 404 . 405 ; 504 . 505 ; 604 . 605 ) between their side edges (S _2-4 , S _2-5 , S _3-4 , S _3-5, S _{102-104, 102-105} S, S _{103-104, 102-} S _105, S _{202-204, 202-205} S, S _{203-204, 203-205} S, S _402-404 S _{402-405, 403-404} S, S _{403-405, 502-505} S, S _{502-505, 503-504} S, S _{503-505, 602-604} S, S _{602-605, 603-604} S, S _603-605 ;) in plan view each _define a trapezoid (T ₁ , T ₁₀₁ ; T ₂₀₁ ; T ₄₀₁ ; T ₅₀₁ ; T ₆₀₁ ), characterized in that - the small edge distance (A ₂₀₂ ; A ₆₀₂ ) of the long Mauveckstein ( 201 ; 601 ) is greater than the large edge distance (A ₃ , A ₄₀₃ ) of the middle brick ( 1 ; 401 ), - the large edge distance (A ₁₀₃ , A ₅₀₃ ) of the short wall cornerstone ( 101 ; 501 ) is smaller than the small edge distance (A ₂ , A ₄₀₂ ) of the middle brick ( 1 . 401 ), - the small edge distance (A ₂₀₂ , A ₆₀₂ ) of the long wall cornerstone ( 201 ; 602 ) minus the large edge distance (A ₁₀₃ , A ₅₀₃ ) of the short wall cornerstone ( 101 ; 501 ) is greater than zero and - the large edge distance (A ₂₀₃ , A ₆₀₃ ) of the long corner stone ( 201 ; 601 ) minus the small edge distance (A ₁₀₂ ; A ₅₀₂ ) of the short corner stone ( 101 ; 501 ) is smaller than the small edge distance (A ₂ , A ₄₀₂ ) of the middle brick ( 1 ; 401 ). Brick system according to claim 14, characterized in that the sum of the edge distances (A ₂ , A ₃ , A ₄₀₂ , A ₄₀₃ ) of the front sides ( 2 . 3 ; 402 . 403 ) of the masonry middle stone ( 1 ; 401 ) of a double width (B ₁ , B ₄₀₁ ) of the masonry middle stone ( 1 ; 401 ) corresponds. Masonry system according to one of claims 14 or 15, characterized in that the difference between the large edge distance (A ₃ ; A ₄₀₃ ) of the masonry center block ( 1 ; 401 ) and the large edge distance (A ₁₀₃ , A ₅₀₃ ) of the short wall end stone ( 101 ; 501 ) of the difference hiss the small edge distance (A ₂ , A ₄₀₂ ) of the middle brick ( 1 ; 401 ) and the small edge distance (A ₂₀₂ , A ₆₀₂ ) of the long wall end stone ( 201 ; 601 ) corresponds. Brick system according to one of claims 14, 15 or 16, characterized in that one of the side surfaces ( 104 . 105 ; 204 . 205 ) of the masonry stones ( 101 . 201 ) by a concave curvature ( 109 . 209 ) is formed and the two opposite side surfaces ( 4 . 5 ) of the masonry middle stone ( 1 ) by in each case by a concave and a convex curvature ( 9 . 10 ) are formed. Brick system according to one of claims 14, 15, 16 or 17, characterized in that for the brick system bricks ( 1 . 101 . 201 ) according to claims 1 to 13 or bricks ( 401 . 501 . 601 ) Find use.