DE10334979A1 - Directional antenna e.g. for satellite television, radar, has reflecting and partially transmitting-reflecting surfaces for transmission of electromagnetic energy and area between surfaces, resonator field is formed - Google Patents
Directional antenna e.g. for satellite television, radar, has reflecting and partially transmitting-reflecting surfaces for transmission of electromagnetic energy and area between surfaces, resonator field is formed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE10334979A1 DE10334979A1 DE2003134979 DE10334979A DE10334979A1 DE 10334979 A1 DE10334979 A1 DE 10334979A1 DE 2003134979 DE2003134979 DE 2003134979 DE 10334979 A DE10334979 A DE 10334979A DE 10334979 A1 DE10334979 A1 DE 10334979A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- directional antenna
- antenna according
- reflecting
- reflectors
- reflector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/02—Details
- H01Q19/021—Means for reducing undesirable effects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
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- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Antenne zur Aussendung oder zum Empfang elektromagnetischer Wellen, bevorzugt im Millimeter- bis zum Dezimeter-Wellenlängenbereich. Hier wird meist eine hohe Richtwirkung gefordert, die die Funktion und Effektivität vieler Anwendungen wesentlich mitbestimmt, z. B. bei kommerziellem Richtfunk, Radar, Satellitenfernsehen, Radioastronomie oder drahtloser Energieübertragung.The The present invention relates to an antenna for transmission or for receiving electromagnetic waves, preferably in the millimeter up to the decimeter wavelength range. Here is usually required a high directivity, the function and effectiveness many applications determined significantly, z. B. in commercial Radio relay, radar, satellite television, radio astronomy or wireless Energy transfer.
Wie bekannt, hat die Antenne die Aufgabe, die elektrische Leistung aus Strom und Spannung in einem Generator oder einem Empfänger über einen Wandler in Strahlungsleistung umzusetzen und an das Feld im freien Raum anzupassen, allgemein an homogene, transversalelektromagnetische Wellen mit ebenen Phasenfronten. Eine Anpassung an dieses Feldbild erfordert Flächenstrahler mit einer ungestörten, unendlich großen Fläche oder auf einer endlichen Fläche eine Gauß'sche Belegungsfunktion für die Energieverteilung. Eine solche Antenne strahlt oder empfängt nur aus einer Richtung, quantitativ beschrieben durch den Richtfaktor oder Strahlungsgewinn.As known, the antenna has the task of electrical power Current and voltage in a generator or receiver via a converter to translate into radiant power and to the field in free space adapt, generally to homogeneous, transversal electromagnetic Waves with flat phase fronts. An adaptation to this field picture requires surface spotlights with an undisturbed, infinitely large area or on a finite surface a Gaussian assignment function for the Energy distribution. Such an antenna only emits or receives from one direction, quantitatively described by the directivity or radiation gain.
Bekannterweise nähert man sich diesen Forderungen durch Parabolspiegel, die im Brennpunkt gespeist werden oder phasenrichtig gespeiste Dipolanordnungen oder Metallschlitze (planar arrays). Es lassen sich aber hier Beugung an der Berandung und an abschattenden Speiseelementen nicht vermeiden, was zu seitlicher Abstrahlung, d. h. zu Nebenkeulen im Richtdiagramm führt. Damit sind diese realen Antennen energetisch weniger effektiv (verringerter Strahlungsgewinn) und als Sender störend oder als Empfänger stör- und rauschanfällig. Eine oft unbequeme und aufwändige Größe der Antenne kann daher auch aus diesen Gründen nicht unterschritten werden.known manner approaches One meets these demands by parabolic mirrors, which are fed in the focal point or in-phase fed dipole arrays or metal slots (planar arrays). But here you can bend at the boundary and to shadowing feed elements not avoid, what to lateral Radiation, d. H. leads to side lobes in the directional diagram. In order to These real antennas are energetically less effective (reduced Radiation gain) and interfering as a transmitter or as receiver susceptible to noise and erosion. A often uncomfortable and expensive Size of the antenna can therefore also for these reasons not be fallen below.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die genannten Mängel zu mindern. Das Mittel dafür ist ein Resonator, der aus mindestens zwei reflektierenden Flächen besteht, zwischen denen sich ein Feld stehender Wellen bildet, das über dem Querschnitt eine Gauß'sche Energieverteilung hat. Diese wird in den freien Raum abgestrahlt oder daher empfangen, indem einer der Reflektoren teildurchlässig ist und die Antennenapertur bildet. Weiterhin sind bekannte Mittel einzusetzen, die die elektromagnetische Energie in den Resonator hinein bzw. herausbringen, z.B. Koppelelemente zu einer Speiseleitung in einem der nicht durchlässigen Reflektoren. Von Vorteil für die Energieverarbeitung ist, daß die Feldstärke im Inneren bei geringen Verlusten und zweckmäßigen Koppelfaktoren (Anpassung) ein Mehrfaches der äußeren Feldstärke beträgt (Resonanzüberhöhung, Transformation). Es kann weiterhin vorteilhaft sein, mehrere Resonatoren mit mindestens einem teildurchlässigen Reflektor zu verkoppeln. Durch Variation der Geometrie und des Verkopplungsfaktors lassen sich unterschiedliche Eigenschaften des Systems einstellen, wie die Resonanzen und Bandbreiten und die Abstrahlung aus den Teilresonatoren.task It is the object of the present invention to cope with the aforementioned deficiencies reduce. The means for that is a resonator consisting of at least two reflective surfaces, between which a field of standing waves forms, which above the Cross section of a Gaussian energy distribution Has. This is radiated into free space or therefore received, by one of the reflectors is partially transparent and the antenna aperture forms. Furthermore, known means are to be used, which are the electromagnetic Bring energy into the resonator, e.g. coupling elements to a feedline in one of the non-transmissive reflectors. Advantageous for the Energy processing is that the field strength inside with low losses and functional coupling factors (adaptation) is a multiple of the external field strength (resonance peak, transformation). It may also be advantageous to provide a plurality of resonators with at least one partially transmitting Coupling reflector. By varying the geometry and the coupling factor different properties of the system can be set, like the resonances and bandwidths and the radiation from the partial resonators.
Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend an einigen Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert werden.The Invention will be explained below in some embodiments.
Spiegelradius2 = Spiegelabstand × Wellenlänge, da dann
innere Resonatorverluste und verbleibende Beugungsverluste ein optimales
Verhältnis
haben. Der Spiegelradius kann verkleinert werden zugunsten des Flächenwirkungsgrades
und zu Lasten der Richtwirkung (Auftreten von Nebenkeulen), umgekehrt
ist es bei der Vergrößerung des
Spiegelradius.
Mirror radius 2 = mirror distance × wavelength, since then inner resonator losses and remaining diffraction losses have an optimal ratio. The mirror radius can be reduced in favor of the area efficiency and at the expense of directivity (occurrence of side lobes), conversely, it is the magnification of the mirror radius.
- 11
- Reflektor, auch SpiegelReflector, also mirrors
- 1.11.1
- Reflektor, auch SpiegelReflector, also mirrors
- 22
- teildurchlässiger Reflektor, auch Strahlteilersemitransparent reflector, also beam splitter
- 2.12.1
- teildurchlässiger Reflektorpartially transparent reflector
- 33
- Koppelelementcoupling element
- 44
- Hohlleiter, SpeiseleitungWaveguide, feeder
- 55
- reflektierende Abschirmungreflective shielding
- 5.15.1
- nicht reflektierender BereichNot reflective area
- 66
- dielektrische Plattedielectric plate
- 77
- Fassungversion
- 88th
- Hornstrahler, PrimärantenneHorn, primary antenna
- 99
- Magnetronmagnetron
- 1010
- LNBLNB
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2003134979 DE10334979B4 (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2003-07-29 | directional antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2003134979 DE10334979B4 (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2003-07-29 | directional antenna |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE10334979A1 true DE10334979A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
DE10334979B4 DE10334979B4 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
Family
ID=34111775
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2003134979 Expired - Fee Related DE10334979B4 (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2003-07-29 | directional antenna |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE10334979B4 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015104828A1 (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-09-29 | Torsten Weber | Measuring pin for a soil tester and a soil tester, and a method for data preparation of acceleration data, and an output unit for outputting calculated path data |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4021812A (en) * | 1975-09-11 | 1977-05-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Layered dielectric filter for sidelobe suppression |
US6014108A (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2000-01-11 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Transverse-folded scanning antennas |
US6061027A (en) * | 1997-09-01 | 2000-05-09 | Alcatel | Radiating structure |
WO2001052356A1 (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-19 | Universite De Rennes 1 | Resonant cavity antenna having a beam conformed according to a predetermined radiation diagram |
US6351247B1 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2002-02-26 | The Boeing Company | Low cost polarization twist space-fed E-scan planar phased array antenna |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6150991A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-11-21 | Raytheon Company | Electronically scanned cassegrain antenna with full aperture secondary/radome |
-
2003
- 2003-07-29 DE DE2003134979 patent/DE10334979B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4021812A (en) * | 1975-09-11 | 1977-05-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Layered dielectric filter for sidelobe suppression |
US6061027A (en) * | 1997-09-01 | 2000-05-09 | Alcatel | Radiating structure |
US6014108A (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2000-01-11 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Transverse-folded scanning antennas |
WO2001052356A1 (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-19 | Universite De Rennes 1 | Resonant cavity antenna having a beam conformed according to a predetermined radiation diagram |
US6351247B1 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2002-02-26 | The Boeing Company | Low cost polarization twist space-fed E-scan planar phased array antenna |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015104828A1 (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-09-29 | Torsten Weber | Measuring pin for a soil tester and a soil tester, and a method for data preparation of acceleration data, and an output unit for outputting calculated path data |
DE102015104828B4 (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2020-01-23 | Torsten Weber | Measuring pins for a soil testing device, a soil testing device and a soil testing system, as well as a method for determining the compaction properties of a subsoil |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10334979B4 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
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OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
8122 | Nonbinding interest in granting licences declared | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee | ||
8370 | Indication of lapse of patent is to be deleted | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20110201 |
|
R409 | Internal rectification of the legal status completed | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20150203 |