DE10325629A1 - Process for the deposition of compounds on a substrate by means of organometallic gas phase deposition - Google Patents
Process for the deposition of compounds on a substrate by means of organometallic gas phase deposition Download PDFInfo
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45514—Mixing in close vicinity to the substrate
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/301—AIII BV compounds, where A is Al, Ga, In or Tl and B is N, P, As, Sb or Bi
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/305—Sulfides, selenides, or tellurides
- C23C16/306—AII BVI compounds, where A is Zn, Cd or Hg and B is S, Se or Te
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/4411—Cooling of the reaction chamber walls
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
- C23C16/45572—Cooled nozzles
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- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/40—AIIIBV compounds wherein A is B, Al, Ga, In or Tl and B is N, P, As, Sb or Bi
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/40—AIIIBV compounds wherein A is B, Al, Ga, In or Tl and B is N, P, As, Sb or Bi
- C30B29/403—AIII-nitrides
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- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/40—AIIIBV compounds wherein A is B, Al, Ga, In or Tl and B is N, P, As, Sb or Bi
- C30B29/403—AIII-nitrides
- C30B29/406—Gallium nitride
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Abscheidung von Verbindungen auf einem Substrat mittels metallorganischer Gasphasendeposition und einem ersten Gemisch aus mindestens einem Trägergas und mindestens einem Metallorganikum sowie einem zweiten Gemisch aus mindestens einem Trägergas und mindestens einer Gruppe V- oder Gruppe VI-Verbindung, wobei beide Gemische separat in eine MOCVD-Anlage geleitet werden. DOLLAR A Das erste Gemisch aus mindestens einem Trägergas und mindestens einem Metallorganikum wird erfindungsgemäß zwischen das Substrat und das zweite Gemisch aus mindestens einem Trägergas und mindestens einer Gruppe V- oder Gruppe VI-Verbindung in die Anlage geleitet. DOLLAR A Dadurch wird vorteilhaft bewirkt, daß keine parasitäre Deposition an den Wänden der MOCVD-Anlage entstehen. Die Abscheidungsraten sind daher gegenüber Verfahren aus dem bisherigen Stand der Technik erhöht.The invention relates to a method for the deposition of compounds on a substrate by means of organometallic gas phase deposition and a first mixture of at least one carrier gas and at least one metal organic and a second mixture of at least one carrier gas and at least one Group V or Group VI compound, both mixtures separately into a MOCVD system. DOLLAR A According to the invention, the first mixture of at least one carrier gas and at least one metal organic is passed into the system between the substrate and the second mixture of at least one carrier gas and at least one Group V or Group VI compound. DOLLAR A This has the advantageous effect that no parasitic deposition occurs on the walls of the MOCVD system. The deposition rates are therefore increased compared to processes from the prior art.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Abscheidung von Verbindungen auf einem Substrat mittels metallorganischer Gasphasendeposition.The invention relates to a method for the deposition of compounds on a substrate by means of organometallic Gas phase deposition.
Die metallorganische Gasphasendeposition (metal organic chemical vapor deposition: MOCVD) ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung komplex aufgebauter Schichtstrukturen, wie sie in Bauelementen, z.B. Lasern, Hochgeschwindigkeitstransistoren für Handys oder Leuchtdioden verwendet werden. Im Gegensatz zum bekannten Silizium bestehen diese Strukturen nicht nur aus einem, sondern aus zwei oder auch mehr Elementen. Sie werden daher auch als Verbindungshalbleiter bezeichnet. Die metallorganische Gasphasendeposition findet in einer sogenannten MOCVD-Anlage statt.The organometallic gas phase deposition (metal organic chemical vapor deposition: MOCVD) is a process for the production of complex layer structures as described in Components, e.g. Lasers, high-speed transistors for cell phones or LEDs are used. In contrast to the well-known silicon these structures are not just one, but two or more elements. They are therefore also called compound semiconductors designated. The organometallic gas phase deposition takes place in one so-called MOCVD system instead of.
Mit der MOCVD-Anlage können unter anderem Nitridschichten abgeschieden werden, die aus zwei Elementen, wie z.B. GaN, InN oder AlN oder aus mehreren Elementen, wie z.B. GaInN oder AlGaN bestehen. Diese Verbindungen werden als binäre bzw. ternäre Systeme bezeichnet. Für die einkristalline Abscheidung von Nitrid-Verbindungen werden Saphir (Al2O3) oder Siliziumcarbid (SiC) oder Silizium, die ähnliche Kristalleigenschaften wie die Nitride aufweisen, als Substrate verwendet.The MOCVD system can be used to deposit nitride layers that consist of two elements, such as GaN, InN or AlN, or of several elements, such as GaInN or AlGaN. These connections are called binary or ternary systems. Sapphire (Al 2 O 3 ) or silicon carbide (SiC) or silicon, which have similar crystal properties to the nitrides, are used as substrates for the single-crystal deposition of nitride compounds.
Die Gruppe III-Nitride, spannen durch ihre Vertreter ein Halbleitersystem mit direkter Bandlücke von 1,9 eV für das InN bis 6,2 eV für das AlN auf.The group III nitrides, go through their representatives a semiconductor system with a direct band gap of 1.9 eV for the InN up to 6.2 eV for the AlN on.
Diese Nitridschichten sind wirtschaftlich sehr bedeutsam, da sie durch elektrische Anregung den blauen Teil des sichtbaren Spektrums entsenden können und daher zur Realisierung optoelektronischer Bauelemente in dem entsprechenden Energiebereich nutzbar gemacht werden. Als ein Beispiel hierfür seien pn-Leuchtdioden auf Basis von GaN genannt.These nitride layers are economical very significant since it excites the blue part of the visible spectrum and can therefore be realized optoelectronic components in the corresponding energy range be made usable. Pn light-emitting diodes are an example of this Called base of GaN.
Zur metallorganischen Gasphasendeposition von Nitridschichten benötigt man gasförmige Verbindungen von Gallium, Indium oder Aluminium sowie NH3 als sogenannte Precursor. Im Falle von Gallium wird eine metallorganische Verbindung, z.B. Trimethylgallium (TMG), verwendet. Mittels eines Trägergases, z.B. Wasserstoff, werden die Precursor in einen Reaktionsraum der Anlage eingebracht. Dort befindet sich das Substrat, eine einkristalline, sehr dünne Scheibe (Wafer), die erhitzt wird. Der Wafer ist auf einem sogenannten Suszeptor drehbar gelagert, um eine gleichmäßige Verteilung von Temperatur und Precursor in der Gasphase über dem Substrat zu erzielen. Über Infrarotstrahler oder eine Hochfrequenzheizung werden der Suszeptor und das Substrat geheizt. Die Temperatur am Substrat reicht bis ca. 1500°C, je nachdem, welches Materialsystem abgeschieden wird. Dieser Bereich wird auch als heiße Zone bezeichnet.For the metal-organic gas phase deposition of nitride layers, gaseous compounds of gallium, indium or aluminum as well as NH 3 are required as so-called precursors. In the case of gallium, an organometallic compound, for example trimethylgallium (TMG), is used. The precursors are introduced into a reaction space of the plant by means of a carrier gas, for example hydrogen. There is the substrate, a single-crystal, very thin disc (wafer) that is heated. The wafer is rotatably mounted on a so-called susceptor in order to achieve a uniform distribution of temperature and precursor in the gas phase over the substrate. The susceptor and the substrate are heated via infrared radiators or high-frequency heating. The temperature on the substrate ranges up to approx. 1500 ° C, depending on which material system is being deposited. This area is also known as the hot zone.
Zur Abscheidung auf dem Substrat, werden die Precursor umgesetzt. Dies geschieht zum Teil schon in der Gasphase durch die Hitze, die vom Substrat ausgeht, oder durch Zusammenstöße mit den Molekülen des Trägergases. Die Molekül-Bruchstücke setzen sich auf der Substrat oberfläche ab. Infolge der hohen Temperatur zersetzen sich die ursprünglichen Precursorverbindungen und reagieren je nach eingesetzten Edukten neu, z.B. zu GaN, InN oder AlN. Auf diese Weise wächst auf dem Wafer Atomlage für Atomlage eine neue Schicht aus GaN, InN oder AlN auf. Die Reste der Ausgangsmoleküle, beispielsweise Methylgruppen vom TMG und Wasserstoff, verbinden sich teilweise miteinander zu Methan. Nicht abgeschiedene Moleküle und Molekülbruchstücke lösen sich von der Oberfläche, werden wie das Methan vom Trägergasstrom erfaßt und aus der MOCVD-Anlage in ein Gasreinigungssystem, den sogenannten Scrubber gespült.For deposition on the substrate, the precursors are implemented. This already happens in part the gas phase by the heat emanating from the substrate or by Clashes with the Molecules of Carrier gas. Put the molecule fragments itself on the substrate surface from. Due to the high temperature, the original ones decompose Precursor compounds and react new depending on the starting materials used, e.g. to GaN, InN or AlN. In this way, atomic layer grows on the wafer for atomic location a new layer of GaN, InN or AlN. The residues of the starting molecules, for example Methyl groups from the TMG and hydrogen partially combine together to methane. Molecules and fragments of molecules that are not separated dissolve from the surface, become like the methane from the carrier gas stream detected and from the MOCVD system into a gas cleaning system, the so-called Scrubber rinsed.
MOCVD-Anlagen weisen hierzu zwei Gaseinlässe und Möglichkeiten zur Teilung der einzuleitenden Gasströme auf, da eine sofortige Mischung innerhalb der Anlage wegen der Bildung von Säure-Base-Addukten häufig unerwünscht ist. Hierzu ist eine Teilerplatte hinter den Gaseinlässen der Anlage derartig angeordnet, daß die MOCVD-Anlage in einen oberen und einen unteren Raum kompartimentiert wird. Außerhalb der Anlage sind Gassammelleitungen angeordnet, die zu den Vorratsbehältern führen. In diesen Vorratsbehältern werden die Ausgangsstoffe, also einerseits Metallorganika und andererseits Gruppe V- oder Gruppe VI-Verbindungen, aufbewahrt.MOCVD systems show two gas inlets and opportunities to divide the gas flows to be introduced, since an immediate mixture is often undesirable within the plant because of the formation of acid-base adducts. For this purpose, a divider plate is arranged behind the gas inlets of the system in such a way that the MOCVD system is divided into an upper and a lower room. Outside Gas collecting lines are arranged in the system, which lead to the storage containers. In these storage containers become the raw materials, i.e. metal organics on the one hand and Group V or Group VI compounds.
Nachteilig ist es bisher nicht möglich, Gase flexibel auf die Kompartimente innerhalb der Anlage zu verteilen.So far, it has not been possible to use gases can be flexibly distributed to the compartments within the system.
Bei der verfahrenstechnischen Herstellung von z.B. Gruppe-III-Nitridschichten mittels Gasphasendeposition in MOCVD-Anlagen werden die Precursor somit mittels ih rer Trägergase (H2, N2, Argon) jeweils separat in die Anlage eingeleitet. Die Gasströme werden erst in der heißen Zone der Anlage gemischt. Um die Stabilisierung der Nitrid-Oberfläche zu gewährleisten, an der bevorzugt bei Wachstumstemperatur der Stickstoff inkongruent verdampft, wird das Trägergas/NH3-Gemisch (Gruppe V-Verbindung) gemäß Stand der Technik örtlich gesehen näher zur Wachstumsoberfläche auf dem Substrat eingebracht als das Trägergas/Metallorganikum-Gemisch. Dies hat zur Folge, dass durch die heiße Oberfläche des Substrats Stickstoff aus Ammoniak freigesetzt wird und für die Reaktion auf dem Substrat zur Verfügung steht. Diese Vorgehensweise wird auch für Abscheidungen anderer Verbindungen gewählt.In the process engineering production of, for example, Group III nitride layers by means of gas phase deposition in MOCVD systems, the precursors are each introduced separately into the system by means of their carrier gases (H 2 , N 2 , argon). The gas flows are only mixed in the hot zone of the plant. In order to ensure the stabilization of the nitride surface, at which the nitrogen evaporates incongruently, preferably at the growth temperature, the carrier gas / NH 3 mixture (group V compound) is introduced locally, closer to the growth surface on the substrate than the carrier gas / Metallorganikum mixture. The consequence of this is that nitrogen is released from ammonia by the hot surface of the substrate and is available for the reaction on the substrate. This procedure is also used for the deposition of other compounds.
Nachteilig lagern sich im genannten Fall die gebildeten Nitride aber als parasitäre Depositionen auch an den heißen Wänden der Anlage rasch ab. Die Beschaffenheit und die Dicke der Depositionen ändert sich im Laufe des Verfahrens. Die Depositionen verändern das Wachstum auf dem Substrat durch katalytische Zerlegung der Ausgangsverbindungen und verursachen eine Verarmung in der Gasphase. Da die abgeschiedenen Verbindungen dunkel gefärbt sind, beeinflußt dies die Gasphasen- und die Oberflächentemperatur über dem Substrat. Die Nitridschichten können daher nicht reproduzierbar auf dem Substrat abgeschieden werden.Disadvantageously store in the above If the nitrides formed are also deposited as parasitic deposits on the be called walls the plant quickly. The nature and the thickness of the depositions change in the Course of the procedure. The depositions change the growth on the Substrate by catalytic decomposition of the starting compounds and cause depletion in the gas phase. Because the secluded Connections darkened are influenced this is the gas phase and surface temperature above the Substrate. The nitride layers can therefore cannot be reproducibly deposited on the substrate.
Die parasitäre Deposition blättert zudem nach kurzer Zeit ab. Die Partikel fallen von mit parasitärer Deposition belegten Bauteilen der Anlage auf das Substrat bzw. die Probe und beeinflussen nachteilig die Eigenschaften der dort aufgebrachten Schicht(en).The parasitic deposition is also leafing through after a short time. The particles fall off with parasitic deposition occupied components of the system on the substrate or the sample and adversely affect the properties of those applied there Layers).
Als Lösung dieser Probleme könnten die mit parasitärer Deposition belegten Bauteile der Anlage, die mit dem Substrat in Verbindung stehen, ausgetauscht oder gereinigt werden, sobald sich dort eine kritische parasitäre Deposition abgelagert hat.As a solution to these problems, the with parasitic Deposition occupied components of the plant that are in contact with the substrate Connected, exchanged or cleaned as soon as possible there a critical parasitic Deposition.
Dies ist aber nachteilig teuer, da die Anlage in der Zwischenzeit nicht benutzt werden kann.However, this is disadvantageously expensive because the system cannot be used in the meantime.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Abscheidung von Verbindungen auf einem Substrat mittels metallorganischer Gasphasendeposition bereit zu stellen, ohne dass parasitäre Deposition auftritt.The object of the invention is a Process for the deposition of compounds on a substrate by means of to provide organometallic gas phase deposition without parasitic Deposition occurs.
Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen von Patentanspruch 1 und durch eine MOCVD-Anlage mit den Merkmalen von Patentanspruch 15 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den jeweils darauf rückbezogenen Patentansprüchen.The task is accomplished through a process with the features of claim 1 and by a MOCVD system solved with the features of claim 15. Advantageous configurations result from the respective patent claims referring back to it.
Erfindungsgemäß wird bei dem Verfahren ein erstes Gemisch aus mindestens einem Trägergas und mindestens einem Metallorganikum sowie ein zweites Gemisch aus mindestens einem Trägergas und mindestens einer Gruppe V- oder Gruppe VI-Verbindung verwendet, wobei beide Gemische separat in eine Anlage zur Abscheidung der Verbindung auf dem Substrat eingeleitet werden. Das Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mindestens eine Metallorganikum zwischen das Substrat und der Gruppe V- oder Gruppe VI-Verbindung eingeleitet wird.According to the invention, in the method first mixture of at least one carrier gas and at least one Organometallic and a second mixture of at least one carrier gas and at least one group V- or Group VI compound used, both mixtures separately in initiated a plant for depositing the compound on the substrate become. The process is characterized in that at least a metal organic between the substrate and the Group V or Group VI compound is initiated.
Das mindestens eine Metallorganikum wird also örtlich gesehen näher an das Substrat geleitet, als die Gruppe V- oder Gruppe VI-Verbindung.The at least one metal organic so becomes local seen closer passed to the substrate as the Group V or Group VI compound.
Vorteilhaft wird dadurch bewirkt, daß die Dicke an parasitärer Deposition erheblich vermindert wird, da die Abscheidung nur dort vollzogen wird, wo sie erwünscht ist, nämlich auf dem Substrat. Die Abscheidungsrate wird regelmäßig erhöht und die Schichten sind hochrein im Vergleich zu Schichten, die gemäß Stand der Technik abgeschieden wurden.This advantageously results in that the Thickness of parasitic Deposition is significantly reduced because the deposition is only there is carried out where it is desired is, namely on the substrate. The deposition rate is increased regularly and the Layers are highly pure compared to layers that are the technology were deposited.
Die Partikelbildung an den Wänden und an der Decke der Anlage wird auf ein Minimum reduziert. Es können reproduzierbar viele Schichten abgeschieden werden, ohne dass mit parasitärer Deposition belegte Teile der Anlage aufwendig gewechselt werden müssen und ohne dass abgeschiedene Schichten durch abblätternde Deposition verunreinigt werden.Particle formation on the walls and on the ceiling of the system is reduced to a minimum. It can be reproduced many layers are deposited without using parasitic deposition occupied parts of the system have to be changed and without deposited layers becoming contaminated by flaking deposition become.
Als Metallorganikum kann eine Gruppe II- oder eine Gruppe III- oder eine Gruppe IV-Verbindung oder Mischungen hieraus gewählt werden. Nur beispielhaft seien Barium-Strontium-Verbindungen (Gruppe II) oder Trimethylgallium, Trimethylaluminium und Trimethylindium (Gruppe III) oder Titanisopropoxid (Gruppe IV) als Metallorganika genannnt.A group can be used as organometallic II or a Group III or a Group IV compound or mixtures chosen from here become. Barium-strontium compounds (group II) or trimethyl gallium, trimethyl aluminum and trimethyl indium (Group III) or titanium isopropoxide (Group IV) as metal organics genannnt.
Als Gruppe V-Verbindung kann NH3 und/oder AsH3 und/oder PH3 und als Gruppe VI-Verbindungen Sauerstoff oder Diethytellur gewählt werden.NH 3 and / or AsH 3 and / or PH 3 can be selected as the group V compound and oxygen or diethyl tellurium as the group VI compound.
Selbstverständlich ist das Verfahren aber nicht auf die Wahl derartiger Verbindungen eingeschränkt. Vielmehr kann das Verfahren grundsätzlich zur Abscheidung von Verbindungen auf einem Substrat mittels metallorganischer Gasphasendeposition verwendet werden.Of course, the procedure is not limited to the choice of such connections. Much more can basically the procedure for the deposition of compounds on a substrate by means of organometallic Gas phase deposition can be used.
Als Trägergas für die Verbindungen kommt Wasserstoff und/oder Stickstoff und/oder Argon in Betracht.Hydrogen comes as the carrier gas for the compounds and / or nitrogen and / or argon.
Zur Abscheidung von z.B. GaN kann Trimethylgallium als Gruppe III-Verbindung und NH3 als Gruppe-V-Verbindung mit jeweils Wasserstoff als Trägergas gewählt werden.For the deposition of, for example, GaN, trimethyl gallium can be selected as the group III compound and NH 3 as the group V compound, each with hydrogen as the carrier gas.
Dabei wird das Metallorganikum/Trägergas-Gemisch zwischen dem Substrat und dem NH3/Trägergas-Gemisch eingeleitet. Es ist aber ohne Einschränkung der Erfindung möglich, das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auf andere Verbindungen zu übertragen, um parasitäre Deposition zu vermeiden.The metal organic / carrier gas mixture is introduced between the substrate and the NH 3 / carrier gas mixture. However, without restricting the invention, it is possible to transfer the method according to the invention to other compounds in order to avoid parasitic deposition.
Eine MOCVD-Anlage weist mindestens zwei Gaseinlässe auf. Einen ersten für ein erstes Gemisch und mindestens einen zweiten für ein weiteres Gemisch. Die Gase selbst befinden sich in Vorratsbehältern. Zwischen den Gaseinlässen der Anlage und den Vorratsbehältern für die Gase sind erfindungsgemäß Mittel, insbesondere mindestens zwei Drei-Wege-Ventile in sogenannten Gassammelleitungen angeordnet. Es können aber auch geeignete Schnellverschlusskupplungen angeordnet sein.A MOCVD system has at least two gas inlets on. A first for a first mixture and at least a second one for another Mixture. The gases themselves are in storage containers. Between the gas inlets the system and the storage containers for the According to the invention, gases are agents, in particular at least two three-way valves in so-called gas manifolds arranged. It can but also suitable quick release couplings can be arranged.
Dies bewirkt vorteilhaft, daß die Anlage an die Vorratsbehälter angeschlossen werden kann und die Gase je nach Bedürfnissen flexibel in verschiedene Kompartimente der MOCVD-Anlage eingeleitet werden können, ohne dass die Anlage umständlich von den Vorratsbehältern getrennt und neu verbunden werden muß.This has the advantageous effect that the system can be connected to the storage container and the gases can be introduced flexibly into various compartments of the MOCVD system, depending on requirements can without having to laboriously separate and reconnect the system from the storage containers.
Mit anderen Worten, der Betreiber einer solchen Anlage ist in der Lage, Gase nach seinen Vorstellungen bequem und flexibel in die Teile der Anlage zu leiten, wo sie benötigt werden. Dadurch können die Gaseinlässe für die Gasgemische schnell miteinander vertauscht werden.In other words, the operator Such a facility is able to produce gases according to his ideas to be guided conveniently and flexibly into the parts of the system where they are needed. This allows the gas inlets for the Gas mixtures can be swapped quickly.
Es ist aber auch denkbar, zu diesem Zweck andere bauliche Veränderungen an der Anlage vorzunehmen.But it is also conceivable for this Purpose of other structural changes to make on the system.
Im weiteren wird die Erfindung an Hand einiger Ausführungsbeispiele und der beigefügten 5 Figuren näher beschrieben.In the further the invention Hand of some examples and the attached 5 figures closer described.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, bei dem das TMG/H2-Gemisch
erfindungsgemäß zwischen
das Substrat und das NH3/Trägergasgemisch,
also örtlich
gesehen näher
an das Substrat geleitet wird, ermöglicht eine durchschnittlich
viel höhere
Abscheidungsrate von ca. 4 bis 5 Mik rometer GaN. Auf Grund des drehbaren Suszeptors
Die hohe Abscheidungsrate kommt im letzteren Fall dadurch zustande, dass die Gasphase nicht durch parasitäre Deposition an den Anlagenwänden verarmt. Die Gase stehen also der Abscheidung auf dem Substrat zur Verfügung.The high deposition rate comes in the latter case arises from the fact that the gas phase is not caused by parasitic deposition on the system walls impoverished. The gases are then available for deposition on the substrate Available.
Die in den
Als ein weiteres Beispiel für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sei die Abscheidung von Zinktellurid genannt. Dabei wird zwischen Substrat und der Gruppe VI-Verbindung Diethyltellur die Gruppe II-Verbindung Dimethylzink in die Anlage eingeleitet.As a further example of the method according to the invention the separation of zinc telluride may be mentioned. It is between Substrate and the Group VI compound Diethyltellur the group II compound dimethyl zinc into the plant initiated.
Es ist auch möglich, zur Abscheidung für das Dielektrikum (Ba, Sr)-Titanat ein Gemisch aus zwei oder drei Metallorganika zwischen Sauerstoff und dem Substrat in die Anlage einzuleiten. Die Metallorganika umfassen z.B. ein Gemisch aus Diketonaten des Barium und Strontium sowie Alkoxiden des Titan, z.B. Titanisopropoxid. Dabei wird zwischen Substrat und Sauerstoff als Gruppe VI-Verbindung das Gemisch aus Metallorganika in die Anlage eingeleitet.It is also possible to deposit for the dielectric (Ba, Sr) titanate is a mixture of two or three metal organics between Introduce oxygen and the substrate into the system. The metal organics include e.g. a mixture of barium and strontium diketonates and alkoxides of titanium, e.g. Titanium isopropoxide. It is between Substrate and oxygen as a Group VI compound the mixture Metal organics introduced into the plant.
Es ist darüber hinaus möglich zur Herstellung der jeweiligen Schichtverbindungen jeweils geeignete Kombina tionen von Metallorganika und Gruppe V- bzw. Gruppe VI-Verbindungen, wie in Tab. 1 angegeben, auszuwählen.It is also possible to Production of the respective layer connections each suitable combinations of metal organics and group V or group VI compounds, as indicated in Tab. 1, select.
Die Sammelleitung
Beide Ventile V1 und V2 werden mit
nur einer N2-Druckleitung
Somit ist gewährleistet, dass niemals die
unterschiedlichen Gasgemische gleichzeitig auf ein und dasselbe Kompartiment
Teileliste:
- – 3/2-Wegeventile (V1, V2): 1/4 Zoll VCR-FFF
- – 3/2-Wegeventil (V3) handbetätigt, Schalttafel-Einbauventil (Bosch) 0820 402 024 3/2 WV NG4 (1/8 Zoll)
- – Edelstahlrohr 1/8 Zoll elektropoliert
- – Pneumatikschlauch 1/8 Zoll
- - 3/2-way valves (V1, V2): 1/4 inch VCR-FFF
- - 3/2-way valve (V3) manually operated, panel mount valve (Bosch) 0820 402 024 3/2 WV NG4 (1/8 inch)
- - 1/8 inch stainless steel tube electropolished
- - Pneumatic hose 1/8 inch
Claims (17)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10325629A DE10325629A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2003-06-06 | Process for the deposition of compounds on a substrate by means of organometallic gas phase deposition |
AT04713004T ATE443165T1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-20 | DEVICE FOR DEPOSITING COMPOUNDS ON A SUBSTRATE USING ORGANIC GAS PHASE DEPOSITION |
DE502004010071T DE502004010071D1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-20 | DEVICE FOR SEPARATING COMPOUNDS ON A SUBSTRATE USING THE METALORGANIC GAS PHASE DEPOSITION |
KR1020057017675A KR101105629B1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-20 | Method for depositing compounds on a substrate by means of metalorganic chemical vapor deposition |
US10/550,365 US20070031991A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-20 | Method for depositing compounds on a substrate by means of metalorganic chemical vapor deposition |
PCT/DE2004/000315 WO2004085702A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-20 | Method for depositing compounds on a substrate by means of metalorganic chemical vapor deposition |
JP2006504238A JP4712687B2 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-20 | Organometallic vapor deposition equipment |
EP04713004A EP1608794B1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-20 | Apparatus for depositing compounds on a substrate by means of metalorganic chemical vapor deposition |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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DE10312768.2 | 2003-03-21 | ||
DE10312768 | 2003-03-21 | ||
DE10325629A DE10325629A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2003-06-06 | Process for the deposition of compounds on a substrate by means of organometallic gas phase deposition |
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DE10325629A1 true DE10325629A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
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DE10325629A Withdrawn DE10325629A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2003-06-06 | Process for the deposition of compounds on a substrate by means of organometallic gas phase deposition |
DE502004010071T Expired - Lifetime DE502004010071D1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-20 | DEVICE FOR SEPARATING COMPOUNDS ON A SUBSTRATE USING THE METALORGANIC GAS PHASE DEPOSITION |
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JP (1) | JP4712687B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE443165T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10325629A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
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FR2957939A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-09-30 | Koolerheadz | Modular injector to inject gas in treatment chamber, comprises injectors including inlet to receive gas wave, curved section to dilate gas in direction perpendicular to propagation axis of gas and outlet to eject gas, and connection zone |
WO2011121508A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | Koolerheadz | Modular gas injection device |
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JP5215267B2 (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2013-06-19 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Method for producing compound semiconductor film |
JP6283245B2 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2018-02-21 | 旭化成エレクトロニクス株式会社 | Method for manufacturing compound semiconductor substrate |
JP2016174071A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-29 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Method for crystal growth |
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JP2646931B2 (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1997-08-27 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Vapor phase growth apparatus and vapor phase growth method using the same |
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KR100330749B1 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2002-04-03 | 서성기 | Thin film deposition apparatus for semiconductor |
JP2001250783A (en) * | 2000-03-08 | 2001-09-14 | Japan Pionics Co Ltd | Vapor growth device and method |
JP3472282B2 (en) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-12-02 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | Fluid control device, heat treatment device, and fluid control method |
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2003
- 2003-06-06 DE DE10325629A patent/DE10325629A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-02-20 JP JP2006504238A patent/JP4712687B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-20 DE DE502004010071T patent/DE502004010071D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-20 AT AT04713004T patent/ATE443165T1/en active
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FR2661554A1 (en) * | 1990-04-30 | 1991-10-31 | Philips Electronique Lab | Device for introducing gases into the chamber of an epitaxy reactor, reactor chamber including such a gas-introduction device, and use of such a chamber for producing semiconducting layers |
EP0505249A1 (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1992-09-23 | Fujitsu Limited | Apparatus for growing mixed compound semiconductor and growth method using the same |
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WO2011121508A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | Koolerheadz | Modular gas injection device |
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US10221479B2 (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2019-03-05 | Koolerheadz | Modular gas injection device |
Also Published As
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JP2006520851A (en) | 2006-09-14 |
JP4712687B2 (en) | 2011-06-29 |
ATE443165T1 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
DE502004010071D1 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
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