DE10300036B4 - Magnetic system, in particular for an electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Abstract

Magnetic system (1), in particular for relays,
wherein the magnet system (1) has a coil (2) with a coil former (5) and a tiltable, planar core anchor (4) mounted in an anchor bearing (12) and a yoke (3) arranged predominantly outside the coil former (5). and
wherein between the pole faces (8 ', 9') of the core anchor (4) and the yoke (3) and in the armature bearing (12) a first and second air gap (10, 11) are provided, characterized in that
the air gaps (10, 11) on the same in the direction of movement of the core anchor (4) sides of the same and the pole faces (8 ', 9') are arranged outside of the bobbin (5) and preferably have its width,
that at the bearing end of the core anchor (4) a preferably centrally arranged bearing pin (16) is provided, the flanking arranged bearing shoulders (17) of the core anchor (4) surmounted and play into a recess (18) of a bearing near leg (13) of the yoke (3) engages, while the two bearing shoulders (17) on its coil-near ...

Description

The The invention relates to a magnet system, in particular according to the preamble of claim 1

In the EP 0 480 908 B1 discloses a magnet system for a relay having a coil with a bobbin and a tiltably mounted therein, stored in an anchor bearing core anchor and a coil disposed predominantly outside the yoke and wherein between pole faces of the core anchor and the yoke and in the anchor bearing a first and a second air gap are provided. The core anchor above script is L-shaped, with its short leg is disposed outside of the bobbin.

The Yoke has an asymmetrical U-shape, with a short leg in the coil core and a long leg, which is parallel to the coil is arranged and this towers over a Jochstück.

The Anchor bearing is located in the area of this yoke piece. The face the short leg of the core anchor is perpendicular to this short Leg arranged so that its coil edge remote as a bearing edge on the yoke piece rests. Between the yoke piece and the face the short leg of the core anchor is the second air gap, which closes when tightening the core anchor.

By an undercut of the face can also the coil-near edge of the short leg of the core anchor as Serve edge of the warehouse. With appropriate design of the undercut lies the face of the short leg fed with fallen core anchor on the yoke piece at. When tightening the core anchor then opens the second Air gap, creating a counter-moment to the moment of the first air gap is produced.

The Anchor bearing can also be executed by means of a cambered end face, which in a corresponding Recess of the yoke piece rests.

Also in the EP 0 203 496 discloses a magnet system for a relay having a coil with a bobbin and a tiltably mounted therein, stored in an armature bearing core anchor and a coil disposed predominantly outside the yoke and wherein between pole faces of the core anchor and the yoke and in the anchor bearing a first and second Air gap are provided. This core anchor is flat and its two ends protrude out of the bobbin. The bearing end engages with a cutting edge or a rounding in a recess of the yoke. The free end of the core anchor is connected to a contact spring, actuates the contacts and brings the fallen core anchor over its entire length in the interior of the bobbin to the plant.

In the bearing remote end of the bobbin protrudes the yoke with its yoke pole surface in, the opposite the armature pole face is arranged.

Between the pole faces the core anchor and yoke is the first air gap, between the Recess of the yoke and the Polflächenseite the anchor is located the second air gap. When tightening the core anchor both Air gaps closed, thereby opposing their magnetic moments are because the air gaps are on the same side of the core anchor.

The DE 35 18 397 A1 describes a relay in which the mounted end portion of an armature is mounted in a bearing recess of a yoke, wherein both the mounted end portion and the bearing recess have an approximately rectangular cross-section. In this case, in each case a wedge-shaped gap is provided between the side walls of the mounted end portion of the armature and the side walls of the bearing recess, and between the end face of the armature and the bottom surface of the bearing recess. This results in larger transition surfaces for the magnetic flux in the storage area.

The DE 7601172 U describes a journal bearing for relay anchor with a yoke and an anchor mounted therein. To avoid friction and wear, the armature or yoke have guide slots with embossing notches.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a generic magnet system to create a simple structure with a high tightening force combines.

The Task is solved by the features of claim 1. The planar design of the core anchor allows a cost-effective Production of the same. The location of the first and second air gaps on the same in the direction of movement of the core anchor sides thereof caused when tightening the pole faces a simultaneous closing the Both air gaps and thus acting in the same sense torque. This results in an increased Tightening and holding force of the magnet system.

Since both pole faces are arranged outside the bobbin, they can be freely dimensioned relative to a layer in the bobbin. You can z. B. exploit the width of the magnet system. Above all, this is the magnet increased by the magnet system and allows the switching of high currents.

A Development of the invention is that on the bearing side End of the core anchor a preferably centrally arranged bearing pin is provided, the flanking arranged bearing shoulders of the core anchor projects beyond and with play in a recess of a bearing near leg of the yoke engages while the two bearing shoulders are supported on its coil-near side. In the recess learns the core anchor over his journals a lateral guidance, while the bearing shoulders to axial support serve.

Thereby, that the bearing pin and the recess has a rectangular cross-section have and that on the coil near edge of the recess of the polflächenferne Edge as tilting edge for the core anchor is formed, resulting in manufacturing technology Advantages and at the same time a good efficiency of the system. The Tilting edge, around which the core anchor is tilted, is due to the rectangular shape allows the trunnion and the recess. The position of the tilting edge leads to Formation of the core anchor as a two-armed lever whose air gaps close at the same time and lead to the addition of individual moments.

In addition causes the training of the core anchor as a two-armed lever in comparison to core anchors with only one but longer lever arm that the shortened lever arm has a smaller air gap at the same tilt angle. But there the attraction disproportionately with decreasing air gap enlarged, lies the torque is higher, despite the smaller lever arm, than conventional ones Core anchors with longer Lever arm.

A advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the yoke the coil housing U-shaped surrounds and that on the yoke near side of the core anchor a preferably An armature spring formed as a leaf spring is fixed, whose directed to the pole faces free spring end supported inside the coil tube and is axially limited in movement at one stage thereof. The leaf spring causes a plant of the fallen core anchor in bobbins and the journal on the tilting edge of the recess of the bearing near leg and thereby reduces noise and wear. The free spring end, which rests against the inner stage of the coil tube, prevents the core anchor from falling out of the bobbin. The Function of the leaf spring is particularly when using the relay according to the invention under vibration, as in the case of installation in vehicles occurs, important.

The Ankerfederfernen edges of the bearing shoulders, as a bearing cutting the armature bearing are formed and which are aligned with the tilting edge serve as a tilt axis of the core anchor on the near-side leg of the yoke.

For the clearance of the anchor bearing it is necessary because of the manufacturing tolerances that on the core anchor, starting from one of the tilting edge opposite Tipping line of the bearing journal and starting from the bearing cutting edges Free cuts are provided, the one uninfluenced by tolerances Ensure the position of the tilt axis of the core anchor. It is from Before part, if the angles of the cutouts at least the size of the tilt angle of Core anchor have.

It resulting in manufacturing advantages that the cutouts by Cold deformation, preferably by embossing the journal and the Bearing shoulders of the core anchor can be produced. Because the free cuts can only be produced by reworking on the core anchor, the recess the yoke with a production-favorable 90 ° cut be punched.

A Cost savings are achieved by the bobbin until on the location of power supply pins the coil is mirror-symmetrical, with a center plane serves as a plane of symmetry, which is arranged parallel to the Jochpolfläche. That way you can the power supply pins without additional Expense two different, rotated by 180 ° to each other Positions to the magnet system according to the invention taking.

If one of the pole faces slightly convex, these touch in tightened Condition only punctually, resulting in high holding forces and always the same, defined end position leads.

Further Features of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the drawing, in the embodiments of the invention are shown schematically.

It demonstrate:

1 a perspective view of a magnet system with coil, core anchor and yoke;

2 a perspective view of the core anchor and yoke of 1 ;

three a level view of the magnet system of 1 from underneath;

4 a plane section AA the three with enlargement "X" of the anchor bearing;

5 a level view of the magnet sys the three from above;

6 a side view of the magnet system of three ;

7 a flat section BB the 6 through the core anchor.

The magnet system 1 serves to drive a contact system, not shown, which together with the magnet system 1 forms an electromagnetic relay.

1 shows a perspective view of the magnet system 1 whose main components are a coil 2 a yoke three and a core anchor 4 are.

The sink 2 is on a bobbin 5 Wrapped from a near-bearing flange 6 , a bearing remote flange 7 and a coil tube 21 (please refer 4 and 7 ) connecting both flanges.

The sink 2 is via two power supply pins 20 powered. The pins 20 stuck in a holder 33 from which they protrude with different lengths. Since the bobbin 5 based on a middle level 28 (please refer 6 ) is mirror-symmetrical, the yoke three and the core anchor 4 also rotated by 180 ° to the bobbin 5 to be assembled. This allows the power supply pins 20 either the yoke three or the coil 2 overtop.

The bobbin 5 is made of a bearing-side, a coil-parallel leg and a stock-distant leg 13 . 14 . 15 of the U-shaped yoke three enclosed. The bearing remote flange 7 is over jetties 31 , which engage in corresponding recesses of the coil-parallel leg 14 stuck, with the yoke three connected.

The camp-lean leg 13 lies on the flange near the bearing 6 play free, while between the stock distant leg 15 and the remote bearing flange 7 Game is provided. This game serves together with formations 29 of the bearing remote flange 7 a plug connection of the magnet system 1 with the contact system, not shown.

The core anchor 4 has an anchor shaft 32 that with game through a window 30 of the bearing remote flange 7 in the coil tube 21 is pushed and a corresponding, but not shown window in the bearing flange 6 projects through.

At the camp remote end of the core anchor 4 there is an anchor pole head 9 with an anchor pole surface 9 ' , Through a first air gap 10 separated from this is a Jochpolfläche 8th' a yoke pole head 8th , Both heads 8th . 9 own the width of the magnet system 1 , The resulting large pole faces 8th . 9 ' cause a high magnetic attraction between them.

The pole faces 8th' . 9 ' touch each other in the tightened state of the core anchor 4 only at its end remote from the bearing or, if one of the two pole faces 8th' . 9 ' cambered, only occasionally. As a result, a high adjusting torque and a high holding force is achieved.

2 shows a perspective view of the yoke three and the core anchor 4 with parts of the anchor bearing 12 ,

The journal 16 of the core anchor 4 stuck in the recess 18 whose coil-like edge 24 is recognizable. The cutting edges 25 the camp shoulders 17 rest on the leg near the bearing 13 of the yoke three , The one of the bearing blades 25 outgoing second free cut 27 ' leads to an increase in the bearing shoulders 17 over the leg near the bearing 13 ,

The second free cut 27 ' is due to cold deformation of the bearing shoulders 17 created. He causes the core anchor 4 when tightening regardless of tolerances of the components always only to the bearing cutting 25 tilts.

Between the bearing blades 25 and in their flight is on the journal 16 opposite a tilting edge 23 of the edge 24 a tipping line 26 , The tipping line 26 and the cutting edges 25 are aligned and form the tilt axis of the core anchor 4 ,

On the jochnahen side of the anchor shaft 32 is an anchor spring 19 attached. This is designed as a leaf spring and has a free spring end 22 , It rests in the coil tube 21 and ensures that the fallen core anchor 4 in the coil tube 21 and in the recess 18 without play. This reduces wear and noise. The free end 22 the anchor spring 19 is at a stage not shown on the inner circumference of the coil tube 21 locked. This is the core anchor 4 fixed axially and against falling out of the coil tube 21 secured.

three provides a view of the bottom of the magnet system 1 , with the coil parallel leg 14 of the yoke three , the yoke pole head 8th , the two brackets 33 for the power supply pins 20 and with the coil 2 , It can be clearly seen that the width of the Jochpolkopfes 8th the maximum width of the magnet system 1 corresponds, whereby at its given length a maximum of Jochpolfläche 8th' and thus attractiveness is achieved.

three also shows the location of the longitudinal section AA, which in 4 with the detail "X" is shown. The detail "X" includes the anchor bearing 12 , In the leg near the camp 13 of the yoke three is the rectangular recess 18 with their walls punched out vertically 34 and its coil-near edge 24 shown. Visible are also the position of the tilting edge 23 of the edge 24 and the tipping line 26 of the journal 16 that of the tilting edge 23 opposite. Also, the location of the La will cut 25 the camp shoulders 17 (please refer 7 ) clear. The cutting edges 25 , the tilting edge 23 and the tipping line 26 lie on a line that is the tilt axis of the core anchor 4 forms.

From the tipping line 26 is the first free cut 27 , from the cutting edges 25 the second free cuts 27 ' out. Through the free cuts 27 . 27 ' is achieved that the tilting movement of the core anchor 4 regardless of tolerances of the components of the anchor bearing 12 always around the bearing edges 25 or the tilting edge 23 he follows. Because the free cuts 27 . 27 ' at the core anchor 4 are provided, they can be realized in a simple manner by embossing the same.

The first free cut 27 also has a second air gap 11 result. Because this is on the in the direction of movement of the core anchor 4 Seen opposite side of the same, add the magnetic forces and cause a high adjusting torque, which is suitable for switching large currents.

The core anchor 4 is due to its storage on the tipping edge 23 the coil-near edge 24 and on the cutting edges 25 the camp shoulders 17 designed as a two-armed lever. In addition to the addition of the partial torques has the training of the core anchor 4 As a two-armed lever compared to a one-armed, longer lever has the advantage that the shortened lever arm at the same tilt angle has a smaller air gap. However, since the attraction increases disproportionately with decreasing air gap, the torque is higher in the smaller lever arm than in conventional core anchors with a one-armed, longer lever.

The 4 also shows the bobbin 5 with the bearing near flange 6 , the bearing remote flange 7 and its mirror-image arranged formations 29 as well as the flanges 6 . 7 connecting coil tube 21 on which the coil 2 is wound.

On the bearing flange 6 (please refer 6 ) are the brackets 33 the power supply pins 20 attached. These can be achieved by turning the symmetrically arranged bobbin 5 as desired the yoke three or the coil 2 overtop.

Out 4 also goes the production-favorable structure of the core anchor 4 and the yoke three which can be produced after punching by a further embossing or bending step. The bevel of the anchor pole head 9 serves to reduce the moment of inertia of the core anchor 4 and thus to increase its switching speed.

In 5 is a plan view of the magnet system 1 shown with the core anchor 4 and its beveled anchor pole head 9 and its armature shaft 32 , From the bobbin 5 are the near-bearing and the bearing remote flange 6 . 7 with the shape 29 recognizable, in which the contact system, not shown, can be inserted. Between the flanges 6 . 7 is the coil 2 that together with the core anchor 4 the yoke three partially hidden.

6 shows a side view of the magnet system 1 , with the coil 2 the yoke three and the core anchor 4 , The sink 2 is from the bearing near flange 6 and the remote bearing flange 7 with its formations 29 flanked. At the bearing end of the magnet system 1 is one of the brackets 33 with a power supply pin 20 shown. At the camp remote end are the Jochpolfläche 8th' and the armature pole surface 9 ' and the intervening first air gap 10 characterized. In addition, a longitudinal sectional plane BB is shown, which is arranged rotated relative to the longitudinal sectional plane AA by 90 ° and in 7 is shown.

Also from 7 it can be seen that the coil 2 on the bobbin 5 which is wound from the near-bearing and the bearing remote flange 6 . 7 and the connecting this coil tube 21 consists. In the same is the anchor shaft 32 with his bearing end so deeply inserted until he with his bearing shoulders 17 on the near-side of the leg near the bearing 13 rests. Here, the bearing pin extends through 16 the recess 18 of the leg near the thigh 13 and takes over the lateral guidance of the core anchor 4 ,

At the camp remote end of the core anchor 4 is the anchor pole head 9 whose width as shown is that of the magnet system 1 equivalent. Through the large yoke and Ankerpolfläche 8th' . 9 ' and the arrangement of the air gaps according to the invention 10 . 11 results in a suitable for switching large currents suitable high magnetic force. The low-priced core anchor 4 and his yoke 14 lead to a cost and space-saving magnet system 1 for a similar relay.

1

magnet system

2

Kitchen sink

3

yoke

4

core armature

5

bobbins

6

camp near flange

7

stock further flange

8th

Jochpolkopf

8th'

Jochpolfläche

9

Ankerpolkopf

9 '

armature pole

10

first air gap

11

second air gap

12

armature bearing

13

camp near leg

14

spool parallel leg

15

stock further leg

16

pivot

17

bearing shoulder

18

recess

19

armature spring

20

Power supply Spin

21

coil tube

22

free spring end

23

tilting edge

24

coil near edge

25

stock cutting

26

tilting line

27

first Clear cut

27 '

second Clear cut

28

midplane

29

formation

30

window

31

web

32

anchor shank

33

bracket

34

perpendicular punched out wall

Claims (10)

Magnetic system ( 1 ), in particular for relays, the magnet system ( 1 ) a coil ( 2 ) with a bobbin ( 5 ) and a tiltably arranged therein, in an anchor bearing ( 12 ) core anchors ( 4 ) and a predominantly outside of the bobbin ( 5 ) yoke ( three ) and wherein between pole faces ( 8th' . 9 ' ) of the core anchor ( 4 ) and the yoke ( three ) as well as in the anchor warehouse ( 12 ) a first and second air gap ( 10 . 11 ), characterized in that the air gaps ( 10 . 11 ) in the direction of movement of the core anchor ( 4 ) opposite sides thereof and the pole faces ( 8th' . 9 ' ) outside of the bobbin ( 5 ) are arranged and preferably have its width that at the bearing end of the core anchor ( 4 ) a preferably centrally arranged bearing journal ( 16 ) is provided, the flanking arranged bearing shoulders ( 17 ) of the core anchor ( 4 surmounted and with play in a recess ( 18 ) of a leg close to the bearing ( 13 ) of the yoke ( three ), while the two bearing shoulders ( 17 ) are supported on its coil-near side. Magnet system according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing journal ( 16 ) and the recess ( 18 ) have a rectangular cross-section and that at the coil-near edge ( 24 ) of the recess ( 18 ) whose polflächenferne edge as tilting edge ( 23 ) for the core anchor ( 4 ) is trained. Magnet system according to claim 2, characterized in that the yoke ( three ) the coil housing ( 5 ) U-shaped encompasses and that on the yoke near side of the core anchor ( 4 ) a preferably formed as a leaf spring anchor spring ( 19 ) is attached, whose to the pole faces ( 8th' . 9 ' ) free Fe derende ( 22 ) inside the coil tube ( 21 ) is supported and fixed axially at a stage thereof. Magnet system according to Claim 3, characterized in that the edges of the bearing shoulders ( 17 ) as bearing cutting ( 25 ) of the anchor bearing ( 12 ) are formed. Magnet system according to claim 4, characterized in that the tilting edge ( 23 ) and the bearing cutting edges ( 25 ) are arranged in alignment. Magnet system according to claim 5, characterized in that the core anchor ( 4 ), starting from one of the tilting edge ( 23 ) opposite tipping line ( 26 ) of the journal ( 16 ) and from the bearing cutting edges ( 25 ) Free cut ( 27 . 27 ' ) are provided, the one of tolerances unaffected position of the tilt axis of the core anchor ( 4 ) guarantee. Magnet system according to claim 6, characterized in that the angles of the cutouts ( 27 . 27 ' ) at least the size of the tilt angle of the core anchor ( 4 ) exhibit. Magnet system according to claim 7, characterized in that the free cuts ( 27 . 27 ' ) by cold deformation, preferably by embossing the bearing journal ( 16 ) and the bearing shoulders ( 17 ) of the core anchor ( 4 ) can be produced. Magnet system according to claim 8, characterized in that the bobbin ( 5 ) except for the location of power supply pins ( 20 ) of the coil ( 2 ) is mirror-symmetrical, with a middle plane ( 28 ) serves as a plane of symmetry parallel to the Jochpolfläche ( 8th ) is arranged. Magnet system according to claim 9, characterized in that one of the pole faces ( 8th' . 9 ' ) is slightly spherical.