DE1029912B - Electrical switching device for direct or alternating current with overcurrent and short-circuit current protection - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

It has already been proposed for electrical switching devices for dike or alternating current with a switch designed only for the interruption of operating current, for example one Circuit breaker to put an interrupting device in series, depending on the The steepness of the current rise only responds to overcurrent or short-circuit current. To the operating current switch there are no higher requirements. Overcurrent or short-circuit currents are caused by this certain interruption device switched off, the acquaintance from an appropriately sized Backup exists.

However, the usual fuses do not interrupt very quickly, so that a short-circuit current occurs but it can take a considerable amount of stress on the system before it is switched off will. For the rest, their use is less of a consideration for high voltage and direct current.

There is therefore the task of making assumptions to use a switching device that does not have the disadvantages mentioned. It is true Known switches with which very fast switch-off times can be achieved, but their use is unprofitable instead of backups. Among the known switching devices there are circuit breakers, that are indirectly driven by the force of an explosion. By igniting a Cartridge in a cylinder exerted forces on the piston, which drive the switch contacts via a linkage. The structure and the effort is therefore relatively large when compared with a fuse. In addition, the times from tripping to shutdown are generally not as short as that the short-circuit current that occurs is interrupted while the current is rising. According to the invention These disadvantages are eliminated by the fact that the interrupting device which responds to overcurrent or short-circuit currents is designed as an explosive separator, d. H. as a breaker in which a piece of ladder is dismantled by means of explosives. Such an explosive separator has no mechanical drive and Tripping parts on, so that the interruption process compared to most switching devices goes much faster. There is the great advantage that a shutdown in case of Überbzw. Short-circuit currents as a result of the extremely fast operation of explosive disconnectors immediately after The current rise begins, so that the parts of the system located behind the switching device are dynamic only need to be measured for a fraction of the full short-circuit current. Another The advantage is that the effort for such an explosive separator, for example the Electrical switchgear

for direct or alternating current

with overcurrent and short-circuit current protection

Applicant:

CALOR-EMAG

Electricity corporation,
Ratingen, Bahnstr. 39-45

Dr.-Ing. Paul Brückner, Hösel,
has been named as the inventor

May have the form of a fuse, is significantly less than a switch of the type described above. ^

An explosive separator arranged in the main current path is expedient for the purposes of the invention used with the interruption point arranged in the secondary path for the final shutdown, whereby the The interruption point located in the secondary path is preferably constructed without mechanically moving parts is, for example, such that a fuse wire is stretched between arc electrodes of an arcing chamber is. It is advantageous here to extinguish the arc by lengthening or transversely deflecting the arc the influence of magnetic fields. The usual and known means can be used for this will.

To ignite the explosive charge of the separator, an ignition circuit is required, its response voltage must be set so that the ignition takes place immediately when there is a current increase, the a harmful overcurrent or short-circuit current can be expected. One closes this ignition circuit expediently via a converter to the live line. For setting the ignition circuit to any Current increases can be a regulating choke or a regulating resistor connected to a transformer is parallel, serve. An adjustable measuring spark gap can also be used instead of the regulating throttle or the resistor or provide several of these means.

It is often also advantageous to use an intermediate converter to adapt the ignition circuit to the measuring device to use.

808 510/375

Claims (9)

The drawing shows an exemplary embodiment according to the invention in a schematic representation. In Fig. 1, 1 is a circuit breaker which is only dimensioned for switching operating current. An interruption device 2 for overcurrent or short-circuit current, which contains an explosive separator, the ignition circuit of which is connected via the converter 3, is connected in series with it. An example of the ignition circuit is shown in FIG. The ignition device 5 is connected to the secondary side of the intermediate converter 4. The capacitor 6 is located in the ignition circuit. The response voltage of the ignition circuit can be provided by the regulating throttle 7, the measuring spark gap 8 or the three-electrode spark gap 9 or by several of these means. Through the invention is. a switch has been created that is suitable for widespread use. The expense of another circuit breaker, which has to handle both operating and short-circuit currents, is avoided. One gets by with a load switch for switching operating currents. Since disconnection in the event of overcurrents or short circuits due to the rapid disconnection option with explosive disconnectors can take place soon after the occurrence, at least before the maximum current is reached, the system components behind this switching apparatus no longer need to be dynamically measured for the maximum values of the short circuit current. Because of the extremely short disconnection times that can be achieved with explosive disconnectors, it is even possible to stagger the disconnection times in the case of several disconnection devices in series along the line, so that the most recently responding switchgear before the peak value of the short-circuit or overcurrent turns off. Pa te ν τ α ν s ρ ε γ γ. π f. 40 1. Electrical switching device for direct or alternating current, consisting of one only for the interruption of operating current designed switches, for example a circuit breaker, and an interruption device in series therewith, which is dependent on the The steepness of the current rise only responds to overcurrent or short-circuit currents, characterized in that that the interrupting device responding to overcurrent or short-circuit currents as Explosive separator is formed, d. H. as an interrupter, in which a piece of conductor by means of an explosive is dismantled. 2. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the trip circuit has a Converter connected to the live line is. 3. Switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that in the case of direct current, the converter an additional pre-magnetization is given, so that on the windings of the converter when one is to be set Electricity creates a voltage as a result of passing through the unsaturated area. 4. Switching device according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that the level of the response voltage by a choke coil connected in parallel to the secondary winding and / or Resistance is adjusted. 5. Switching device according to claim 2 to 4, characterized in that to adapt the response voltage an intermediate converter is used on the measuring device. 6. Switching device according to claim 2 to 5, characterized in that as a measuring device a measuring spark gap is used. 7. Switching device according to claim 2 to 6, characterized in that a measuring device Three-electrode spark gap, possibly with an upstream spark gap, is used. 8. Switching device according to claim 1 to 7, characterized by the use of an im Blasting separator arranged in the main current path with an interruption point arranged in the secondary path for the final shutdown, which is preferably constructed without mechanically moving parts, for example in such a way that a fuse wire is stretched between the arc electrodes of an arcing chamber is and the arc by elongation or transverse deflection under the influence of magnetic fields is deleted. 9. Switching device according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that with several in the course the line in series similarly fast disconnection devices the response of the ignition circuit is delayed briefly staggered so that only those immediately upstream of the short-circuit point Shutdown devices respond. Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 739 503, 338 062;
AEG list Sg N HOa, February 1951, pp. 10, 11. 1 sheet of drawings © 809 510/375 p. 5 p