DE10277C - Innovations in kilns for pottery, lime and cement - Google Patents

Description

1879.

Class 80.

SCHWANDORFER THONWAAREN-FABRIK in SCHWANDORF. Innovations in kilns for pottery, lime and cement.

Patented in the German Empire on July 18, 1879.

In patent no. 8003 of December 19 In 1878 the construction of a gas ring furnace is explained, in which the supply of the gas and the extraction of smoke using the same valves (regulating devices), the same distribution channels and through one and the same ring channel around the furnace running around is effected. Depending on the position of a bill of exchange, there will soon be one, soon on the other side of the ring duct, gas is supplied to the furnace section that is currently on fire, while smoke is always drawn off on the opposite side of the ring channel.

It has now been found that it is expedient to always supply the gas from two, or even more it is better to let three rows of pipes flow out, and this is the case with the arrangement described above Easily and well practicable even with all furnace sections, with the exception of the two corner sections of the furnace, which are located next to the change.

With these two corner sections you have to go to the other side with the gas supply wanted to pass over, all the pipes on one side of the stove closed and then had the fire on the other side first with one, then with two and finally to be continued with three rows of pipes.

The same procedure had to be followed with smoke and smoke extraction in these corner sections will.

In order to eliminate this problem, the transition channel u shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has been switched on, which can be connected to the line υ 'after the generators or to the chimney e by means of the double seat valve d as required.

The rows of pipes / ₃₁ and / _{2 are} connected to the ring canal r and _{the rows / 32} and f _{x are} connected to the transition canal u through canals s mif.

Assuming that the rows of pipes p ₃₀ and / _{31 are} in the fire, and that the fire should also start / ₃₂ , the channel u is connected to the generators through valve d and the row of pipes / _{32 is} opened.

As the fire progresses, row / _{30 is} closed and /, opened, so that / ₃ i, / ₃₂ and /, are now in the fire. ■

After the necessary time, ß _{si is also} closed, the changing apparatus is reversed, and gas is _{now introduced through a row of pipes / 2.}

This change of direction can take place without disturbing the progress of the fire, since the rows of pipes p _%% and /! while being fed with gas from the transition channel.

If the smoke is to be drawn off through the two corner sections, one proceeds in the same way, the only difference being that the channel u is then brought into communication with the chimney through the double valve d and closed off by the generator.

In the burning of many sintering goods it is the task of keeping them at a certain temperature is not exceeded. To safely achieve this task, the following Applied device:

Each gas bell v, Fig. 1, is balanced by a counterweight h , which hangs through an opening in the vault into the burning part of the furnace as soon as the gas bell is raised or. is open.

This counterweight itself consists of a mass which melts at the temperature that should not be exceeded; when h melts, the equilibrium ceases, and the bell closes automatically and in good time, the influx of gas and thus further firing being prevented.

It can also be the counterweight made of infusible, refractory material and on top of it a wire that melts at a certain temperature or a meltable tube be switched on, which cause the weight to drop after melting.

Likewise, if one always has to burn one and the same type of goods, that too Shrinkage or Setting the goods can be used as automatic regulation.

For the purpose, the weights h made of infusible clay are placed directly on the goods to be fired, connected by non-melting tubes, rods or wires passed through the furnace vault with a lever mechanism arranged in such a way that at

Going down of the counterweight also a going down respectively. The gas bell closed he follows.

Every single gas bell will only close completely when the normal one Shrinkage of the goods and thus the correct temperature has been reached.

In the case of many types of commodities, it is also necessary that they be after the fire or also during the same period of time switched off from the continuous operation of the furnace in order to expose them to trapped air or a calm gas or smoke atmosphere.

To achieve this, the furnace shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 has been designed.

The furnace consists of twelve chambers (departments), which apart from chambers I and XII respectively. VI and VII, which merge directly into one another, separated by walls, but are each connected to one another by two foxes k . Each fox can be closed with a chamotte slide i .

The individual chambers are fired by means of generator gases, as shown in the drawing or by sprinkling charcoal by means of poking holes.

The smoke is extracted through the smoke channel RS, which can be connected to each individual chamber by means of bells g.

The fire advances continuously, and becomes in that chamber from which the smoke should withdraw, the two foxes closed to the next chamber and the smoke bell opened.

The direction of movement of the combustion air, the flame and the combustion products always depends on the position of the slider i .

Are z. B. on the inner wall foxes Iz _1% sk 'closed and also at the guard wall foxes k "k _it as are the chambers by flowing gases in chamber I, III and V from the inside aufsen to and in chamber II, IV and VI draw inwards from the outside.

On the other hand, if the foxes Ze ₂ ^ ₄ on the inner wall and k _x k _ä kr on the outer wall are closed, the direction of pull in the individual chambers is exactly the opposite of that described above.

The direction of the flame can thus be changed as often as required, and is therefore a means given to achieve a constant temperature in the oven by after switching the slide the commodity which was first exposed to the flame, now the same is withdrawn, and vice versa.

In the last-mentioned slide position, chamber I is now switched off from operation; the air from chamber XII draws directly through the slide k _t , which is open on the inner wall, into chamber II, without passing through I. In this way the air in I is blocked; it will therefore cool this chamber much more slowly than if cooling combustion air was drawn through it. You can also switch off any other chamber by pulling two adjacent sliders i on the same wall.

On the other hand, in order to accelerate the cooling process, the cold gas is allowed to flow through the switched-off chamber before it can be burned. Is z. B. If chamber I is blocked, gas is allowed to enter through the pipe which is located in the fox A ₁ on the outer wall; Since the connection with chamber II is closed at this point, the gas will then flow through chamber I and, taking the heat from it with it, draw it to the fox k _{x of} the inner wall, where it joins the highly heated air coming from chamber XII hold true.

So both the air and the gas can be heated, creating a higher Combustion temperature is reached.

This arrangement is particularly suitable for clinker and porcelain, as the firing at high temperature and the first cooling by gas (reduction current) can take place.

It also permits this arrangement, even with continuous ovens without interruption of the company to carry out those operations that are only possible when the train has been completed are. "

Do you want to z. B. attenuate blue, you switch the chamber in question immediately after Garbrande, brings in moist alder wood through the peepholes and runs the chamber accumulated until it has cooled down so far through radiation that the air passing through it is Carbon that has penetrated into the shards is no longer able to burn. Quite one proceeds analogously with salt glazing and similar work.

Just like one chamber, you can also have two or even three chambers from the company switch off.

Another case is that the goods are taken out of the oven while still hot should, for example, to theeren them.

The furnace construction shown in Figures 6, 7 and 8 is used for this purpose; same allows the use of lower furnace channels, e.g. B. from ι to 1.50 m in height; she distinguishes differs from the construction just described only in that instead of a fixed one mobile stove comes; There is a carriage in each chamber for this purpose.

The combustion chamber is on the side walls and the inner wall by sand locks bounded on the outside by a blind wall placed on top of the car.

The gas is supplied through floor ducts, which are cut out in the chamotte protective cover H of the iron car and are connected to the main gas supply by means of transportable pipes 0.

line channel r are connected. The tubes o carry a bell, the handle of which protrudes from the vertical stand, so that the gas flow can be regulated and checked before the tube is removed.

Otherwise the letters in FIGS. 6 to 8 have the same meaning as in FIGS. 3 to 5.

Figures 9 and 10 show the same furnace system with a low firing channel, but without Use of mobile herds.

In order to operate this oven to make possible, on the sole of each chamber a η with Chamotteplatten an uncovered channel (passage) m recessed, which be as deep PUFA, the worker that after taking away the plates η comfortably therein can stand in the oven. The discharging of the commodity takes place from without inward and inserting the same aufsen from the inside by the working passage which places the m successive tiber covers and each loaded disc to be fired goods.

Claims (1)

Patent Claims: Attachment of a so-called transition channel ti in the manner described and illustrated by the drawing, FIGS. 1 and 2. The devices described above and illustrated by the drawing, FIGS. 1 and 2, which aim at automatic regulation and closure of the fuel gas inflow. The arrangement of numerous parallel chambers described above and illustrated by the drawing, FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, the mutual connection of which can be regulated by slides. The introduction described above and illustrated by the drawings, FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 Distribution of the gas in ovens with a mobile stove. The coverable described above and illustrated by drawing, FIGS. 9 and 10 Deepening in the bottom of continuous ovens, which allow the goods to be carried out and carried in with low firing channels. 1 sheet of drawings.