DE10249712B3 - Circuit for monitoring power semiconducting components has each isolated contact surface/group connected via active and/or passive component(s) to star circuit(s) star point, external contact surface - Google Patents
Circuit for monitoring power semiconducting components has each isolated contact surface/group connected via active and/or passive component(s) to star circuit(s) star point, external contact surface Download PDFInfo
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- DE10249712B3 DE10249712B3 DE10249712A DE10249712A DE10249712B3 DE 10249712 B3 DE10249712 B3 DE 10249712B3 DE 10249712 A DE10249712 A DE 10249712A DE 10249712 A DE10249712 A DE 10249712A DE 10249712 B3 DE10249712 B3 DE 10249712B3
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- power semiconductor
- contact surfaces
- contact surface
- star
- circuit arrangement
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung beschreibt eine Schaltungsanordnung sowie ein dazugehöriges Verfahren zur Überwachung des Kontakts von Drahtbond- oder anderer elektrisch leitender Verbindungen mit Leistungshalbleiterbauelementen, insbesondere bei IGBT- und MOSFET-Leistungshalbleiterschaltern, nach den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 1 und 2.The invention describes a circuit arrangement as well as an associated one Procedure for monitoring the contact of wire bonding or other electrically conductive connections with power semiconductor devices, especially in IGBT and MOSFET power semiconductor switches, according to the features of the claims 1 and 2.
Nach dem Stand der Technik sind beispielhaft Drahtbondverbindungen, Lotverbindungen, auch Lotbälle (solder balls) als elektrisch leitende Verbindungen zwischen Substraten und Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente bekannt. Sie gewährleisten die elektrische Verbindung zwischen einem Leistungshalbleiterbauelement und einem Substrat, z.B. einer nach dem direct-copper-bonding hergestellten meist beidseitig kupferkaschierten Keramik (kurz: DCB-Substrat), innerhalb eines Leistungshalbleiter-Moduls, bzw. den Anschluss-Pins (kurz: leadframe) eines diskreten Gehäuses.According to the prior art are exemplary Wire bonds, solder joints, also solder balls (solder balls) as electrically conductive connections between substrates and power semiconductor devices known. They ensure the electrical connection between a power semiconductor device and a substrate, e.g. one prepared by direct copper bonding usually on both sides copper-clad ceramic (in short: DCB substrate), within a power semiconductor module, or the connection pins (short: lead frame) of a discrete package.
In der
In den
Die Gatebonddrähte (
Das Ablösen eines Emitterbonddrahtes
(
In Leistungshalbleitermodulen höherer Leistung sind in der Regel mehrere Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente parallel geschaltet. Im Falle des Ausfalls aller Emitterbonddrähte eines Chips kommt es dann in der Regel zum sofortigen Ausfall des Moduls. Falls das Modul nicht sofort ausfällt erhöht sich die Belastung der noch intakten Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente, was wiederum deren Lebensdauer vermindert. In weiterer Folge lösen sich von weiteren Leistungshalbleiterbauelementen die Bonddrähte ab, bis es zur Zerstörung aller Leistungshalbleiterbauelementen infolge elektrischer oder thermischer Überlastung kommt.In power semiconductor modules of higher power As a rule, several power semiconductor components are parallel connected. In case of failure of all emitter bond wires of a Chips are then usually the immediate failure of the module. If the module does not fail immediately elevated the load of the still intact power semiconductor components, which in turn reduces their life. In a further consequence dissolve from further power semiconductor components, the bonding wires from, to it to destruction all power semiconductor components due to electrical or thermal overload comes.
Nach dem Stand der Technik sind auch Ausfallindikatoren für Leistungsmodule zu Diagnosezwecken und zur Ausfallfrüherkennung bekannt. So bewirkt eine sich lösende Chiplötung wie auch sich ablösende Bonddrähte eine Erhöhung der Flussspannung der Leistungshalbleiter im eingeschalteten Zustand bzw. eine Zunahme des thermischen Widerstandes. Diese Größen sind allerdings im Betrieb nicht zugänglich.According to the state of the art are too Failure indicators for Power modules for diagnostic purposes and for early failure detection known. So does a loosening Chiplötung as well as peeling off Bond wires an increase the forward voltage of the power semiconductor in the on state or an increase in the thermal resistance. These sizes are however not accessible during operation.
Auch sind beispielhaft aus der
Weiterhin sind Vorrichtungen zur Detektion des Bonddrahtabhebens auf der Grundlage einer mechanischen Auswertung bekannt. Dabei wird die Haftung der Bondverbindungen über Federkräfte gemessen. Eine Zuverlässigkeitserhöhung lässt sich allerdings nur mit hohem technischen Aufwand, hohen Kosten und dafür benötigtem Volumen erreichen. Auch dieses Verfahren ist, wie alle bisher genannten, nur als Laboraufbau bekannt.Furthermore, devices for Detection of bonding wire lifting on the basis of a mechanical Evaluation known. The adhesion of the bond connections is measured by spring forces. An increase in reliability can be but only with high technical effort, high costs and required volume to reach. Also, this method is, as all previously mentioned, only known as laboratory setup.
Die vorliegende Erfindung hat die Aufgabe eine Schaltungsanordnung sowie ein zugehöriges Verfahren vorzustellen, um den Kontaktausfall von elektrisch leitenden Verbindungen, speziell Drahtbondverbindungen, einer Kontaktfläche eines Halbleiterbauelements oder einer Gruppe von elektrisch leitend verbundenen Kontakfflächen eines Halbleiterbauelements zu einer weiteren Kontaktfläche außerhalb des Halbleiterbauelements, beispielhaft auf dem Substrat, der durch die teilweise oder vollständige Unterbrechung dieser elektrisch leitenden Verbindung entsteht, während des Betriebs zu detektieren.The present invention has the Task to present a circuit arrangement and an associated method, to the contact failure of electrically conductive connections, specifically Wire bonds, a contact surface of a semiconductor device or a group of electrically conductive contact surfaces of a Semiconductor device to another contact surface outside of the semiconductor device, exemplified on the substrate, by the partial or complete interruption this electrically conductive connection arises during the To detect operation.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Maßnahmen der Ansprüche 1 und 2. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen genannt.This task is solved by the measures the claims 1 and 2. Further advantageous embodiments are mentioned in the subclaims.
Der grundlegende erfinderische Gedanke liegt in einer Schaltungsanordnung bestehend aus mindestens einem Leistungshalbleiterbauelement und mindestens zwei voneinander elektrisch getrennten Kontaktflächen gleicher Funktionalität und/oder elektrisch getrennten Gruppen von Kontakfflächen gleicher Funktionalität. Jedes Leistungshalbleiterbauelement weist mindestens eine derartige Kontakffläche auf. Unter einer Gruppe von Kontakfflächen soll eine Mehrzahl von Kontakfflächen verstanden werden, die direkt miteinander elektrisch leitend verbunden sind und auf dem gleichen Leistungshalbleiterbauelement angeordnet sind. Weiterhin weist die Schaltungsanordnung mindestens einen Sternpunkt auf. Jede Kontakffläche und/oder jede elektrisch getrennte Gruppe von Kontakfflächen ist über mindestens ein aktives und/oder passives Bauelement mit diesem Sternpunkt verbunden.The basic innovative thought lies in a circuit arrangement consisting of at least one power semiconductor component and at least two electrically separate contact surfaces of the same Functionality and / or electrically separated groups of Kontakfflächen same functionality. each Power semiconductor component has at least one such contact surface. Under a group of contact areas should a plurality of Kontakfflächen be understood that directly connected electrically conductive are and arranged on the same power semiconductor device are. Furthermore, the circuit arrangement has at least one star point on. Every contact surface and / or any electrically separate group of contact areas is over at least an active and / or passive component connected to this star point.
Weiterhin weist die Schaltungsanordnung noch eine Kontakffläche außerhalb der Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente, beispielhaft auf dem Substrat auf, die mit den Kontakfflächen auf den Leistungshalbleiterbauelementen verbunden ist, dies kann beispielhaft die Emittersammelschiene sein.Furthermore, the circuit still has a contact surface outside the power semiconductor devices, exemplified on the substrate, the ones with the contact surfaces is connected to the power semiconductor devices, this can be exemplified the emitter busbar.
Das Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Unterbrechung einer Verbindung zwischen einer Kontaktfläche oder einer Gruppe von Kontaktflächen auf Leistungshalbleiterbauelementen und einer weiteren Kontaktfläche außerhalb des Halbleiterbauelements basiert auf der Detektion einer Potentialdifferenz zwischen dem oder den Sternpunkten und der Kontaktfläche außerhalb des Halbleiterbauelements.The procedure for monitoring an interruption of a connection between a contact surface or a group of contact surfaces on power semiconductor devices and another contact surface outside of the semiconductor device is based on the detection of a potential difference between the star point (s) and the contact surface outside of the semiconductor device.
Spezielle Ausgestaltungen der erfinderischen
Lösungen
werden an Hand der
Eine Detektion kann nun dadurch erfolgen, dass
der Potentialunterschied zwischen dem Sternpunkt (
Je größer die Anzahl an parallel
geschalteten IGBTs ist, desto kleiner und somit schwerer auswertbar
wird das elektrische Signal am Sternpunkt (
Weiterhin kann die Sternschaltung mit Dioden gebildet werden. Dann ist das Signal am Sternpunkt unabhängig von der Anzahl der parallelgeschalteten Bauelemente. In diesem Fall wäre es vorteilhaft einen Stromfluss vom Sternpunkt zur Auswerteschaltung zu detektieren.Furthermore, the star connection be formed with diodes. Then the signal at the neutral point is independent of the number of parallel-connected components. In this case would it be advantageously a current flow from the neutral point to the evaluation circuit to detect.
Die bisher genannten Ausgestaltung der erfinderischen Schaltungsanordnung sowie des erfinderischen Verfahrens weisen die Vorteile auf, dass das Verfahren keinerlei Änderungen der Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente, sondern lediglich geringfügiger Änderungen der Aufbau- und Verbindungstechnik bedarf sowie einer relativ einfachen Auswerteschaltung, die beispielsweise ergänzender Bestandteil der Ansteuer- und Überwachungsschaltung des Leistungshalbleitermoduls ist.The previously mentioned embodiment the inventive circuit arrangement as well as the inventive Procedures have the advantages that the process does not change anything the power semiconductor devices, but only minor changes The assembly and connection technology needs and a relatively simple Evaluation circuit which, for example, is a supplementary component of the control and monitoring circuit of the power semiconductor module.
Leistungshalbleiterbauelemente nach dem Stand der Technik, wie beispielsweise Leistungs-Bipolartransistoren, IGBTs, MOS-Leistungstransistoren und Thyristoren sind überwiegend zellulär aufgebaut. Unter zellulärem Aufbau ist dabei zu verstehen, dass Dotiergebiete oder Teilstrukturen mit jeweils gleicher elektrischer Funktion mindestens zweifach als räumlich getrennte Anordnungen innerhalb des Leistungsbauelements ausgebildet werden. Im Falle eines Bipolartransistors können dies beispielsweise Emitterdotiergebiete sein, die als Streifen, Vierecke, Sechsecke etc. mehrfach im Basisdotiergebiet angeordnet sind. Im Falle eines IGBTs wird beispielsweise die gesamte MOS-Struktur mehrfach innerhalb des Substratgebiets ausgebildet.Power semiconductor components according to In the prior art, such as power bipolar transistors, IGBTs, MOS power transistors and thyristors are predominant cellular built up. Under cellular Construction is understood to mean that doping regions or substructures each with the same electrical function at least twice as spatial separate arrangements formed within the power device become. In the case of a bipolar transistor, this can be, for example, emitter doping regions be as strips, squares, hexagons, etc. several times in Basisdotiergebiet are arranged. In the case of an IGBT, for example, the entire MOS structure formed multiple times within the substrate region.
Kennzeichnend für alle diese Strukturen ist, dass die Haupt- und Steuerelektroden der zellulären Elemente mittels elektrisch leitfähiger Verbindungen miteinander verbunden werden. Im Falle eines IGBTs sind beispielsweise alle Emitter-/Bulkgebiete, Kollektorgebiete und Gates durch eine jeweilige Metallisierungsschicht auf dem IGBT verbunden. Ist dies nicht der Fall, erfolgt die Verbindung über Bonddrähte.Characteristic of all these structures is that the main and control electrodes of the cellular elements by means of electrical conductive Connections are interconnected. In the case of an IGBT are For example, all emitter / bulk areas, collector areas and gates connected by a respective metallization layer on the IGBT. If this is not the case, the connection is made via bonding wires.
Der IGBT (
Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der erfinderischen Schaltungsanordnung
kann mit einer Anordnung nach
Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn
die aktiven oder passiven elektronischen Bauelemente der Sternschaltung
in das Leistungshalbleiterbauelement integriert werden. Beispielsweise
sind im Falle eines IGBTs Widerstände (
Die Detektion ist hier auf sehr einfache
Weise möglich,
da das Prinzip einer Messbrücke
angewandt werden kann. Die Messbrücke wird durch die beiden Widerstände am Punkt
K (
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10249712A DE10249712B3 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2002-10-25 | Circuit for monitoring power semiconducting components has each isolated contact surface/group connected via active and/or passive component(s) to star circuit(s) star point, external contact surface |
DE10316357A DE10316357B4 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-04-10 | Method for monitoring power semiconductor components |
DK03023086T DK1414066T3 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-15 | Method for monitoring power semiconductor components |
ES03023086T ES2328124T3 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-15 | PROCEDURE FOR THE SUPERVISION OF POWER SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENTS. |
AT03023086T ATE438199T1 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-15 | METHOD FOR MONITORING POWER SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENTS |
DE50311749T DE50311749D1 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-15 | Method for monitoring power semiconductor components |
EP03023086A EP1414066B1 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-15 | Method for monitoring semiconductor power elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10249712A DE10249712B3 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2002-10-25 | Circuit for monitoring power semiconducting components has each isolated contact surface/group connected via active and/or passive component(s) to star circuit(s) star point, external contact surface |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE10249712B3 true DE10249712B3 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
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US11346879B2 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2022-05-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Semiconductor device |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0752593A2 (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1997-01-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the early recognition of failures of power semiconductor modules |
DE10159020C1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-03-20 | Semikron Elektronik Gmbh | Power semiconductor circuit device incorporating function monitoring circuit within power semiconductor control circuit |
-
2002
- 2002-10-25 DE DE10249712A patent/DE10249712B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0752593A2 (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1997-01-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the early recognition of failures of power semiconductor modules |
DE10159020C1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-03-20 | Semikron Elektronik Gmbh | Power semiconductor circuit device incorporating function monitoring circuit within power semiconductor control circuit |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11346879B2 (en) | 2017-05-19 | 2022-05-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Semiconductor device |
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