DE10240608A1 - Device for training the leg motor, arm motor and body motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has an approximately vertically arranged foot plate (56) that can be moved elastically and horizontally about a rest position and to which a foot (62) can be attached. The foot plate is mounted via spring elements (54) on an intermediate frame (26) that is attached to a fixed base frame (12) so as to be movable elastically and horizontally about a rest position.

Description

The invention relates to a device to train leg motor skills. The invention further relates to a device for training the arm motor and a device for training the body's motor skills.

The inventor assumes that People under stress stand for social or physical acceleration, ability for the differential regulation of your blood circulation according to the different requirements of the situations of life in which they are put, gradually suffer a loss. Autogenic training or other relaxation methods that lead to breakdown Recommended by stress, set this ability for differential vasoconstriction and vasodilation. Where advance acceleration hinders this ability, you need Tools to bring them back to self-expression.

The invention is based, which ability by people under stress for self-regulation of the blood circulation system to support.

A first solution to this problem is a Device according to the claim 1 scored.

Claims 2 to 8 are of advantageous embodiments and developments of the device according to the invention according to the claim 1 directed.

Another solution to the invention task with a device according to the claim 9 scored.

The sub-claims 10 to 14 are advantageous embodiments and further developments of the device according to claim 9.

Claim 15 characterizes one embodiment a device according to the invention, with which the body motor can be trained particularly advantageously holistically.

The invention is illustrated below with reference to a schematic Drawings, for example, and explained in more detail.

They represent:

1 a side view, partly in section, of a device according to the invention for training the leg motor;

2 a partial view of the 1 in level II-II of the 1 ;

3 a side view, partly in section, of a device for training the arm motor; and

4 a front view of the device according to 3 ,

According to 1 has a frame that can be set up freely on a floor, not shown 6 a bottom plate 8th on from which a pillar 10 rises. On the pillar 10 is adjustable in height a rigid base frame 12 attached.

The base frame 12 has a top plate 14 and a top plate 16 on that by means of a vertical strut 18 are rigidly connected. On according 1 left edge of the top plate 14 and the lower plate 16 is a pillar 10 encircling ring 20 trained in which a locking screw 22 can be screwed in with the respective ring on the column 10 is fixable. By loosening and tightening the locking screws 22 is the basic frame 12 thus on the pillar 10 held adjustable in height.

On the base frame 12 is by means of four spring elements 24 an intermediate frame 26 attached to the top plate 28 , a lower plate 30 and two side struts 32 has that connect the top plate with the bottom plate.

On the top plate 28 and the lower plate 30 of the rigid intermediate frame 26 is about four spring elements 34 a base plate 36 attached, which forms a mass body and to which by means of a bracket 38 a horizontally arranged vibrating rod 40 is attached. The vibrating rod is, for example, a rod offered by Haider-Metall under the name Propriomed. Such a vibrating rod 40 has a central rod-shaped core 42 made of resilient spring steel on which weights 44 are longitudinally adjustable. A central area of the core 42 has a jacket thickened in diameter 46 which, for example, serves as a handle when training with the vibrating rod and on which springs are attached on both sides 58 support whose tension by adjusting stops 50 along the core 42 is adjustable. By changing the settings of the weights 44 and the attacks 50 frequency and vibration behavior of the vibrating rod 40 , whose ends swing in the direction of the double arrows, adjust in many ways.

On the top plate 28 and the lower plate 30 of the intermediate frame 26 is further about spring elements 54 a footplate 56 attached that a prop 58 and a buckle 60 has so that on the footplate 56 a foot 62 is attachable.

The spring elements 24 . 34 and 54 are advantageously constructed, as in section A of 1 shown and have a flexible, but not or only slightly extendable rope 64 , advantageously steel cable, around which a coil spring 66 is arranged. With the formation of the spring elements according to the section A is achieved that the intermediate frame 26 relative to the base frame 16 according to 1 from left to right in the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the plane of the paper can also be moved back and forth in the horizontal direction, and that the base plate 36 with the vibrating rod 40 as well as the footplate 56 can be moved back and forth in a similar manner relative to the intermediate frame. It goes without saying that rotational movements of the named components relative to one another about a vertical and horizontal axis are also possible. The natural frequencies Zen are determined by the stiffness of the spring elements and the masses of the frames or plates.

So movements of the foot 62 according to 1 to the left or right, additional elastic support is provided on the footplate 56 a sleeve 68 attached in the coil spring 70 is applied to the footplate 56 and a rod-shaped approach 72 that supports on the strut 18 is formed and with play in the sleeve 68 is included.

On the footplate 56 is an acceleration sensor 74 attached, the movements of the footplate 56 is detected and its output signal is transmitted via transmission devices, not shown, to an evaluation unit, also not shown.

The device described represents a system in which the footplate 56 about movements of the foot 62 applied oscillating movements over the spring elements 54 on the intermediate frame 26 and from this over the spring elements 34 on the base plate 36 and from this to the spring rod 38 are transferred, the intermediate frame 26 by means of the spring elements 24 additionally relative to the base frame 12 can oscillate so that the footplate 56 shows a complex frequency behavior that can be changed via the respective masses and stiffnesses of the spring elements. Natural frequencies of the footplate 56 can with a multiple, for example six times the natural frequency of the vibrating rod 40 lie, for example, between six and eight Hertz. A 100 meter runner, who has to be very awake during the 10 seconds needed for the 100 m, has a beta frequency of 22 Hertz, a heart rate of 2 Hertz and a step frequency of 20 Hertz in the EEG. The flight time / support time ratio for such a sprinter, which increases its speed from 2.5 m / s to 10 m / s, increases from 0.5 to 1.0. The vertical forces acting on the supporting muscles of the pelvis, legs and spine are extraordinarily large and the energy made available for this under the interaction of the nervous system, blood circulation and muscles must be distributed to the places of need quickly. When driving with a transport vehicle, for example a car, truck, train, bus or plane, the feed forward system between the target motor system and the support motor system is activated more strongly, both in active and in passive driving. The nervous system is set up to adequately compensate for any unforeseen event through this feed forward system, so that the usual process of distributing the energy supply to the need-reporting authorities can be compensated for immediately during and after such events.

The invention starts with the activity of the synergists in the legs, for example the interplay of calf and clod muscles in the leg, which is caused by the oscillating movement of the footplate 56 is trained. The movement can with the acceleration sensor 74 be recorded and made visible on a screen, wherein the amplitude and frequency can be evaluated in order to indicate a person's motor behavior and to make improvements, for example in the form of tuning to natural frequencies, visible.

In the described device the pressure forces exerted by the foot are divided into two directions perpendicular to each other - in one direction the moments of power from football transferred to the heel and vice versa and in the other direction the acting moments of force of the foreign transferred to the inside edge of the foot.

The distribution of forces on the foreign or inner edge of the foot happens through the flexors and extensors of the big toe in cooperation with the muscles of the four other toes.

The moments in the other direction generate the in the foot Plantar and dorsiflexion.

These moments of force are different Generates groups of muscles. The plantar flexion is caused by the musculus Gastrognemius (the calf) creates its connection to the heel bone via the Achilles tendon runs. Dorsiflexion of the foot is generated by the soleus muscle, which its origin in the between the tibia (shin bone) and the fibula (fibula bone) lying membrana ossea and to the bones in the midfoot.

The distribution of the red and white muscle fibers in these muscles of the legs is also of concern. The soleus muscle (Plaice muscle) has the largest percentage of red muscle fibers. everyday Claim actions during acceleration processes at mobile workplaces the coordination of these muscles of the legs for plantar and dorsiflexion when clutching, braking and accelerating and the internal and external rotation of the lower leg during execution of these activities during the Driving. In an analogous way happens in the hands and Poor a strain on the corresponding muscles of the forearm and the finger while driving the car.

As is well known, the regulation of differential depends Blood flow to these muscles from the respective state of consciousness of the human Brain. The blood flow to the extremities is reduced when sleeping and the blood collects in the bowels, in the lungs, liver and kidney. But the red muscle fibers are supplied with more blood in the sleep stages.

Relaxation techniques such as yoga, autogenic training and a number of other East Asian and occidental meditative types of movement use a state of consciousness that has existed since the late 1960s has become known through the work of the neurophysiologist Tomai Hirai as the IV. state of consciousness or the second paradoxical waking state of the nervous system. In this state it is possible, for example, to control the differential blood flow to the red and white muscle fibers via the response of α1, α2, β1 and β2-adrenergic receptors or cholinergic nicotine and muscarinic receptors. This normal ability, which can be trained in every human being and which essentially depends on the synchronization of the internal clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, is lost under the influence of the acceleration processes of modern mobility at work and during leisure.

The one presented here by the inventor Device is considered a possibility offered the original ability to attain the IV. state of consciousness of the CNS through the practitioners to reach again. The consideration, that leads to this assumption came by considering the results of the deviations in the course of the Curves in six for the parameters relevant to orthostatic blood circulation regulation - the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the plus rate per minute, the oxygen saturation of blood in the extremities of the body, the difference between systole and diastole (ΔP) and that relationship the QT - for Stretch in the EKG during a series of sitting postures taken from yoga Are carried out in several years between 1995 and 2001 series of studies compared with each other. The deviation of the Curve of the driver's circulatory parameters in such taken postures after a 2 to 3 hour drive on their course after a leisure-intensive period indicated strong sympathetic activity while driving, that even still stopped two hours after the ride. This sympathetic activity results from the activating events of traffic that lead to Evasive maneuvers, Steer, brake and accelerate. This Events do not happen rhythmically, but are rhythmic The course of the feed forward system of motor skills is calculated, i.e. anticipated so that when they enter the driver after overcoming the situation immediately returns to the usual course of the trip in the can record the desired speed. In this way there is agreement with newer neurophysiology (see the work of K.R. Mills: Impairment of skilled Human Movement, and the other work of the Ban too Acquired Human Skills, ed. F.W.Cody / Physiological Society of London, Studies in Physiology Vol. 3, Portland press London 1995.

The skeletal muscles in the pelvic and the trunk area becomes just like the arm and leg muscles mentioned captured by the feedforwad system. The feedback information from the pelvic and trunk area remains however, as contact between these areas is slowed down with the effects of longitudinal, Lateral and vertical acceleration. The fuselage and feedback loop Cymbals are becoming more and more comfortable thanks to driver seat arrangements interrupted. The one from the hand, from the forearm, the foot and lower leg upcoming feedback information will be sent to the dopaminergic coordination system of Cerebral cortex, the basal ganglia and cerebellum, midbrain and midbrain are reported, without the adequate Feedback messages from the pelvis and trunk area at the same time reach these information processing centers. The Nuclus Accumbens reward system plays a special role in this. Successful maneuvers are anchored here that the joy of driving to reinforce the decoupling of Messages about the durability of the orthostatic circulatory system by long Lead driving can. The result of such a decoupling is permanent increasing stiffening not only in the trunk and pelvic area, but also in the shoulder, hand, elbow, knee and ankle area noticeable.

The stressed feedback system of the The pelvic and trunk areas become strong after strong acceleration in the head, arm and leg area through exercises with the one presented Device claimed. Doing so will be the most targeted Movements of the foot and / or the hand used during training to use the vibrating rod to set in motion, only the amplitude of the vibration and not the frequency due to the muscle strength and purposefulness used of the foot or the hand of the practitioner can be varied. This will cause sympathetic-controlled overactivity in the Blood supply to the skeletal muscles slowed down and a targeted Blood supply especially the one in the deep layer on the spine indigenous muscles with their high proportion of red muscle fibers reached. It is this process of reviving the ability for dissociation in the fourth state of consciousness and paradoxical wakefulness guaranteed. While the head is asleep, awake the body, the white ones Muscle fibers are gently moved to give up their activity, the red muscle fibers are revitalized. This leads to a recovery and Decreased stiffness in the joints.

The following is an example of a short exercise sequence after a practitioner who is plagued by stress after a working day:
The practitioner lies down on a mat on the floor and places the device in front of his feet so that his left foot can be placed comfortably on the footplate, while his extended left leg describes an angle of 30 ° to 45 ° to the floor. He pulls his right foot in so that his right leg is bent halfway across the seat. While holding the swinging rod with his left foot Sam starts to move, he lifts his trunk with the help of abdominal muscles without leaning against the floor with his hands and slowly moves his hands along the stretched leg to grab the left foot. If the hands do not immediately reach the foot due to the stiffness of the back, then the bending of the back should not be forced forward. Rather, the practitioner tries to control the amplitude of the vibration of the vibrating rod, make it larger or smaller with closed eyes, turns the torso to the right against the outstretched leg and then to the left to address the autochthonous muscles of the torso, the position changes of the legs and makes the same movements with the right leg extended and the right foot leaning against the footplate. He performs the similar exercise sequence with the passive leg in the tailor and turkish position. At the end of this exercise sequence, he puts one foot on the footplate and with the other foot on this foot tries to perform the same movements with the trunk as before. This exercise sequence with a total of three basic positions of the legs to the device takes between 15 and 30 minutes.

Foot movement frequencies are, for example at a few Hertz, preferably between 1 and 8 Hz; forces exerted by the foot for example between 200 and 600 N.

The device for training the leg motor described is advantageously provided twice, so that a person lying or sitting on a chair, each with one on a footplate 56 a firm foot can do the workout.

The device described can be modified in many ways. The spring elements do not have to be designed as spring elements that are rigid in length, so that swinging in a vertical plane is also possible. Furthermore, the resiliently attached components can also be mutually supported in such a way that suspension takes place in the horizontal direction. This happens, for example, in such a way that the top plate 28 is bent downwards at its free end and in addition to the vertical spring elements between a vertical web of the top plate formed in this way 28 and the footplate 56 a horizontal spring is arranged. The spring element 54 can then be replaced with a simple rope. The number and arrangement of the spring elements can be varied.

The base plate 36 , in the example shown with a hole for the passage of the sleeve 68 is also designed as a frame part. On the other hand, the racks 12 and 26 only be designed as longwall units or as flat plate parts. There can be several acceleration sensors 74 be provided to detect the accelerations only in one direction, so that an accurate movement analysis of the footplate 56 and other moving components is possible.

In a highly simplified embodiment, the device can be designed such that the base plate 56 directly on the base frame 12 is suspended and both the intermediate frame and the base plate 36 absence. In a further expansion stage, the footplate 56 over the intermediate frame 26 on the base frame 12 be hung up. The base plate 36 and the spring support 70 can then complete the device in further construction stages or embodiments.

It is particularly advantageous if not only the foot or leg motor skills, but also the arm or hand or finger motor skills are trained. For this purpose, a further device is created, which is based on the 3 and 4 is explained.

The device for training the arm motor contains a base body 80 whose top 82 forms a support for the inner, lower end of an arm and the beginning of the ball of the hand. On the base body 80 are about a common axis 84 pivotable lever-like components or buttons 86 pivoted. Every key 86 can be swiveled individually and is supported by a torsion spring assigned to it 88 held in the rest position shown. The torsion spring 88 rests on the base with one end 80 and with the other end on the button 86 from.

According to 4 which is a right view of the device according 3 represents are advantageously five buttons 86 arranged side by side, each button 86 with a finger or the thumb of one hand 3 can be swiveled to the right when the hand is on top 82 overlying end of the forearm or palm is bent upwards. The basic body 80 is about a ball joint 90 with a clamping screw 92 is fixable and at the end of a support arm 94 is formed on a bracket or strut 96 , for example the armrest of a chair or the column of a frame can be fastened in such a way that the base body 80 can be brought into a comfortable position for supporting the arm.

By swiveling the buttons 86 against the forces of the springs 88 the fingers can be trained individually or in groups or together.

The device according to 3 and 4 can be modified in many ways. For example, a single key need not be provided for each finger and thumb. Middle finger and ring finger can rest on a common, correspondingly wider key. The torsion springs 88 can be replaced by coil springs, which are not shown, on the base body 80 press the right and upward protruding approach against the outside of the keys and the tension of which is adjustable, for example.

Are advantageous in a training facility two devices according to the 1 and 2 and two devices according to the 3 and 4 attached in such a way that a person sitting or lying on a chair can train their feet and hands at the same time. The invention thus starts with the activity of the synergists in the legs and arms, the interplay of calf and clod muscles in the leg and the interplay of the quadratic inward turner (pronator quadratus muscle) and / or the outward turner (supinator muscle) with the long palm muscle ( musculus palmaris longus) with the biceps (musculus biceps brachii) and the upper-spoke muscle (musculus brachioradialis) in the arm. The ankle joint in the leg is moved as a hinge joint from the calf with the clod muscle as an opponent, the knee joint is also moved as a hinge joint from the calf with the four-headed thigh muscle as an opponent. Of these three muscles of the leg, the clod muscle has the largest proportion of red muscle fibers. Two other muscles are important for the arm during most powerful movements, namely the large and small pectoralis muscle (pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles), of which the small pectoralis muscle is likely to have the largest proportion of red muscle fibers.

Desynchronized processes in the central nervous system and in the bloodstream in the synergistic game of the aforementioned Muscles of the legs as loss of stability, Fatigue, Heaviness and stiffness in the ankle, Knee and hip joint, in the synergistic play of the arms as coordination disorders of finger movements, Stiffness of the hand, fatigue, Stiffness and heaviness noticeable in the elbow and shoulder joint. The present invention helps address these phenomena as consequences social or physical accelerations are to be considered.

6

frame

8th

baseplate

10

pillar

12

base frame

14

top plate

16

lower plate

18

strut

20

ring

22

locking screw

24

spring element

26

between the frame

28

top plate

30

lower plate

32

strut

34

spring element

36

baseplate

38

bracket

40

vibrating rod

42

core

44

Weight

46

coat

48

feather

50

attack

54

spring element

56

footplate

58

support

60

buckle

62

foot

64

rope

66

coil spring

68

shell

70

coil spring

72

approach

74

accelerometer

80

body

82

top

84

axis

86

button

88

torsion spring

90

ball joint

92

clamping screw

94

Beam

96

strut

Claims (16)

Device for training the leg motor, comprising an approximately vertically arranged footplate that can be moved elastically in the horizontal direction around a rest position ( 56 ), on which a foot ( 62 ) can be attached. Device according to claim 1, which base plate ( 56 ) by means of spring elements ( 54 ) on an intermediate frame ( 26 ) is attached, which intermediate frame can be moved in the horizontal direction about a rest position on a stationary base frame ( 12 ) is attached. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein on the intermediate frame ( 26 ) a mass body that can be moved elastically in the horizontal direction around a rest position ( 36 ) is attached. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein on the mass body ( 36 ) the middle area of a horizontal vibrating rod ( 40 ) is attached, the end regions of which are designed to be resilient transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rod. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least some of the spring elements a substantially inextensible rope connecting the components held together by the spring elements ( 64 ) around which a coil spring ( 66 ) is arranged, the ends of which are supported on the components. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the resiliently interconnected components ( 12 . 26 . 36 . 56 ) are rectangular in shape and each engages a spring element in the area of each corner of the spring-suspended component. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the base plate ( 56 ) on a stationary component ( 12 ) via a support spring that acts in the horizontal direction ( 70 ) supports. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the device for height adjustment of the footplate a vertical column ( 10 ) contains. Device for training the arm motor, comprising at least two resilient, lever-like components arranged next to one another ( 86 ) to support at least one fingertip of one finger. Apparatus according to claim 9, comprising a base body ( 80 ) on which the components ( 86 ) are pivotally attached, which base body has an upper side ( 82 ) for supporting the hand-side end of an arm in such a way that when the arm end rests on the top and the hand is bent upwards, the fingertips in contact with the components ( 86 ) are. Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein five components ( 86 ) are arranged side by side. Device according to one of claims 9 or 10, wherein the lever-like components ( 86 ) around a common axis ( 84 ) are arranged pivotably. Apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the lever-like components ( 86 ) of one torsion spring each ( 88 ) are kept in a rest position. Device according to one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the base body ( 80 ) spatially adjustable on a bracket ( 94 . 96 ) is held. Device for exercising the body muscles, containing at least one device according to one of claims 1 to 8 and at least a device according to any one of claims 9 to 14, which devices are attached such that they are supported by at least one foot and at least one hand of a seated or lying person can be operated simultaneously. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein on at least one of the vibratable components ( 56 ) an acceleration sensor ( 74 ) is attached, which is connected to an evaluation unit.