DE10220870A1 - Operating autonomous heat pump, e.g. for power stations, involves deriving drive energy for compressor at least partly from supplied thermal energy using at least one expansion machine - Google Patents
Operating autonomous heat pump, e.g. for power stations, involves deriving drive energy for compressor at least partly from supplied thermal energy using at least one expansion machineInfo
- Publication number
- DE10220870A1 DE10220870A1 DE10220870A DE10220870A DE10220870A1 DE 10220870 A1 DE10220870 A1 DE 10220870A1 DE 10220870 A DE10220870 A DE 10220870A DE 10220870 A DE10220870 A DE 10220870A DE 10220870 A1 DE10220870 A1 DE 10220870A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- expansion machine
- energy
- heat pump
- vehicle
- compressor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/14—Power generation using energy from the expansion of the refrigerant
- F25B2400/141—Power generation using energy from the expansion of the refrigerant the extracted power is not recycled back in the refrigerant circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
Abstract
Description
Eine wichtige Aufgabe im Rahmen des Umweltschutzes ist die Reduzierung der Wärmebelastung von Gewässern. Bis heute werden fast alle großen Kraftwerke (alle Atomkraftwerke) Stahlwerke und Chemieanlagen an Flüssen gebaut um kostengünstig Kühlwasser nutzen zu können. Zusätzlich kommen riesige Kühltürme zum Einsatz. An important task in the context of environmental protection is to reduce the heat load of water. To date, almost all large power plants (all nuclear power plants) are steel plants and chemical plants on rivers to be able to use cooling water at low cost. In addition, huge cooling towers are used.
Mit der vorgeschlagenen Erfindung wird aus dieser problematischen Altlast in Zukunft eine Ressource die in ihrem Wert noch gar nicht bezifferbar ist. Die Energiereserven die sich dadurch erschließen lassen übertreffen die bekannten fossilen Lager um ein vielfaches. Zukünftig werden Eisbahnen, Kühl- und Kälteanlagen und vor allem die energiehungrigen Klimaanlagen zu Kraftwerken die nicht nur sich selbst versorgen, sondern auch Strom im Überfluß produzieren. Auch in Kraftfahrzeugen könnten die Klimaanlagen der Zukunft wahlweise den Fahrgastraum klimatisieren und oder in den Parkzeiten Strom produzieren, (Fahr)-Batterien laden oder elektrolytisch Wasserstoff/Sauerstoff herstellen (die Fahrzeugoberseite fungiert dabei als Verdampfer und die Bodenplatte als Kondensator). Im Fahrbetrieb würde der heutige Kühler samt Abgassystem als Wärmequelle zur Stromerzeugung genutzt. With the proposed invention, this problematic legacy will become a problem in the future Resource whose value is not yet quantifiable. The energy reserves that this creates tapped allow the known fossil deposits to be exceeded by a multiple. Be in the future Ice rinks, cooling and refrigeration systems and above all the energy-hungry air conditioning systems too Power plants that not only supply themselves, but also produce electricity in abundance. Also in vehicles, the air conditioning systems of the future could optionally be the passenger compartment air conditioning and or produce electricity during parking, charging (driving) batteries or electrolytically Produce hydrogen / oxygen (the top of the vehicle acts as an evaporator and the Base plate as condenser). When driving, today's cooler and exhaust system would be as Heat source used to generate electricity.
Es ist bekannt zur Erhöhung der Temperatur eines gasförmigen Wärmeträgers diesen in einem Kompressor zu verdichten. Dazu wird das relativ kalte Gas bei niederem Druck angesaugt und auf einen höheren Druck verdichtet. Dabei erhöht sich seine Temperatur. Die Antriebsenergie für den Kompressor wird überwiegend durch elektrischen Strom bzw. Verbrennungsmotoren bereitgestellt. Im allgemeinen rechnet man beim Betrieb einer Wärmepumpe mit einem Anteil von ca. 25% Antriebsenergie und 75% Wärmeenergie an der Gesamtleistung. It is known for increasing the temperature of a gaseous heat carrier in one Compress compressor. For this purpose, the relatively cold gas is sucked in at low pressure and compressed to a higher pressure. This increases its temperature. The drive energy for the compressor is mainly powered by electricity or internal combustion engines provided. In general, a heat pump is expected to have a share of approx. 25% drive energy and 75% thermal energy in total output.
Das bedeutet, daß für Wärmepumpen grundsätzlich neben der Wärme noch eine weitere Energieart bereitgestellt werden muß damit das Aggregat läuft. Als Folge davon verteuert sich die Energiegewinnung obwohl die hauptsächlich genutzte Wärmeenergie kostenfrei ist. Des weiteren müssen Einschränkungen bei der Wahl des Aufstellortes in Kauf genommen werden da er entweder mit Treibstoff oder Elektrizität versorgt werden muß. This means that for heat pumps there is basically another in addition to heat Energy type must be provided so that the unit runs. As a result, the price increases Energy generation although the mainly used thermal energy is free of charge. Furthermore restrictions in the choice of the installation site have to be accepted as it must be supplied with either fuel or electricity.
Um die Betriebskosten zu reduzieren wird vorgeschlagen die Antriebsenergie ebenfalls aus der Wärmeenergie zu gewinnen. Installiert man einen oder mehrere weitere Kreisläufe mit einer Expansionsmaschine an Stelle des Verdichters, kann über diese die notwendige Antriebsenergie bereitgestellt werden. Es ist auch möglich mindestens zwei parallel laufende Aggregate so zu koppeln, daß das eine die Antriebsleistung für das andere bereitstellt. Auch die Kaskadierung von Aggregaten ist denkbar. Je nach gewünschter Form der abgegebenen Leistung wird entweder der Direktantrieb eines Generators zur Stromgewinnung oder eine mechanische Kopplung zwischen der Expansionsmaschine und der/den anzutreibenden Komponente(n) oder ein Mischbetrieb angewandt. In order to reduce the operating costs, the drive energy is also proposed from the To gain thermal energy. If you install one or more additional circuits with one Expansion machine instead of the compressor can use this to drive the necessary energy to be provided. It is also possible to add at least two units running in parallel couple that one provides the drive power for the other. The cascading of Aggregates are conceivable. Depending on the desired form of the service provided, either the Direct drive of a generator for power generation or a mechanical coupling between the expansion machine and the component (s) to be driven or a mixed operation applied.
Vorzugsweise entnimmt man die Antriebsenergie direkt am Verdampfer bzw. Wärmetauscher. Dabei ist es unerheblich ob mit einem getrennten oder integrierten Kreislauf gearbeitet wird. Bei integrierten Kreisläufen sollte der gleiche, bei getrennten können unterschiedliche Wärmeträger verwendet werden. Soll nur Nutzwärme produziert werden ist der integrierte Kreislauf von größerem Vorteil. Bei reiner Stromgewinnung im Parallelbetrieb bietet der getrennte Kreislauf mehr Vorteile. Wenn es die Betriebsbedingungen erfordern können auch mehrere Kreislaufsysteme gemischt werden. The drive energy is preferably taken directly from the evaporator or heat exchanger. It is irrelevant whether you work with a separate or integrated circuit. at integrated circuits should be the same, with separate can use different heat transfer media be used. If only useful heat is to be produced, the integrated circuit from greater advantage. With pure electricity generation in parallel operation, the separate circuit offers more Benefits. If the operating conditions so require, several circulatory systems can also be used be mixed.
Die Anpassung der Gerätekonfiguration an die spezifischen Betriebsbedingungen hat unter anderem den Vorteil der einfachen Dimensionierung und der Reduzierung von Bauteilen. The adaptation of the device configuration to the specific operating conditions has under another advantage of simple dimensioning and the reduction of components.
Des weiteren läßt sich mit einer derartig konfigurierten Anlage wahlweise mechanische Energie, Elektrizität und/oder Wärme produzieren. Die Hilfseinrichtungen, z. B. Umwälzpumpe für das primäre Wärmeträgerfluid, Solepumpe, Speisepumpe, etc. werden vorzugsweise elektrisch angetrieben, können aber auch mechanisch gekoppelt sein. Furthermore, with a system configured in this way, mechanical energy, Produce electricity and / or heat. The auxiliary devices, e.g. B. Circulation pump for that primary heat transfer fluid, brine pump, feed pump, etc. are preferably electrical driven, but can also be mechanically coupled.
Werden entsprechende Steuer- oder Regelsysteme verwendet kann das Verhalten (Druck, Drehzahl, Temperatur, Ausgangsleistung, Spannung, Frequenz, Leistungsverteilung, etc.) des Aggregates bzw. der Komponenten beeinflußt werden. If appropriate control or regulating systems are used, the behavior (pressure, Speed, temperature, output power, voltage, frequency, power distribution, etc.) des Aggregates or the components are affected.
Zeichnung 1 zeigt schematisch das Funktionsschaubild eines möglichen Ausführungsbeispieles. Drawing 1 shows schematically the functional diagram of a possible embodiment.
Fig. 1 zeigt den Verdampfer - die Wärmequelle - in dem die Kreisläufe beginnen. Das gasförmige "Wärmeträger" Fluid strömt aus dem Verdampfer (1) in den Verdichter (2) und teilweise in die Expansionsmaschine (3). Die Mengenverhältnisse können über Ventile geregelt werden. In der Expansionsmaschine (3) gibt das Gas Energie ab und seine Temperatur sinkt. Nach Verlassen der Expansionsmaschine (3) wird das Gas, soweit das nicht schon in der Expansionsmaschine (3) geschehen ist, im Kondensator (5) verflüssigt. Die Speisepumpe (6) fördert das "Wärmeträger" Fluid wieder in den Verdampfer (1). Der andere Teil des Gases wird im Verdichter (1), der von der Expansionsmaschine (3) angetrieben wird, auf einen höheren Druck und damit gleichzeitig auf eine höhere Temperatur gebracht. Im Kondensator (8) wird die Warme an einen Verbraucher (Heizung etc.) abgegeben und das Gas kondensiert. Die Speisepumpe (9) fördert das Fluid wieder in den Verdampfer (1). Bei Bedarf kann über den ebenfalls von der Expansionsmaschine (Fig. 3) angetriebenen Generator (4) Elektrizität produziert werden. Fig. 1 shows the evaporator - the heat source - in which the cycles begin. The gaseous "heat transfer fluid" flows from the evaporator ( 1 ) into the compressor ( 2 ) and partly into the expansion machine ( 3 ). The quantity ratios can be regulated via valves. The gas releases energy in the expansion machine ( 3 ) and its temperature drops. After leaving the expansion machine ( 3 ), the gas, if this has not already been done in the expansion machine ( 3 ), is liquefied in the condenser ( 5 ). The feed pump ( 6 ) conveys the "heat transfer fluid" back into the evaporator ( 1 ). The other part of the gas is brought to a higher pressure and thus to a higher temperature in the compressor ( 1 ), which is driven by the expansion machine ( 3 ). In the condenser ( 8 ), the heat is given off to a consumer (heating, etc.) and the gas is condensed. The feed pump ( 9 ) conveys the fluid back into the evaporator ( 1 ). If necessary, electricity can be produced via the generator ( 4 ), which is also driven by the expansion machine ( FIG. 3).
Mit den bei Wärmekraft- und Kältemaschinen üblichen Zusatzaggregaten, Steuer- und Regelsystemen lassen sich bei Bedarf auch die Betriebsbedingungen der vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung beeinflussen. With the additional units, control and Control systems can also be used if necessary, the operating conditions of the proposed device influence.
Claims (19)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10220870A DE10220870A1 (en) | 2002-05-11 | 2002-05-11 | Operating autonomous heat pump, e.g. for power stations, involves deriving drive energy for compressor at least partly from supplied thermal energy using at least one expansion machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10220870A DE10220870A1 (en) | 2002-05-11 | 2002-05-11 | Operating autonomous heat pump, e.g. for power stations, involves deriving drive energy for compressor at least partly from supplied thermal energy using at least one expansion machine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE10220870A1 true DE10220870A1 (en) | 2003-11-20 |
Family
ID=29265218
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE10220870A Withdrawn DE10220870A1 (en) | 2002-05-11 | 2002-05-11 | Operating autonomous heat pump, e.g. for power stations, involves deriving drive energy for compressor at least partly from supplied thermal energy using at least one expansion machine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE10220870A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1655558A1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-10 | Matsushita Electric Industries Co., Ltd. | Control method of refrigeration cycle apparatus and refrigeration cycle apparatus using the control method |
WO2006122367A1 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-11-23 | Quantum Energy Technologies Pty Limited | Heat pump system and method for heating a fluid |
WO2008037425A2 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2008-04-03 | Michael Gackenheimer | Energy conversion device |
-
2002
- 2002-05-11 DE DE10220870A patent/DE10220870A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1655558A1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-10 | Matsushita Electric Industries Co., Ltd. | Control method of refrigeration cycle apparatus and refrigeration cycle apparatus using the control method |
WO2006122367A1 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-11-23 | Quantum Energy Technologies Pty Limited | Heat pump system and method for heating a fluid |
WO2008037425A2 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2008-04-03 | Michael Gackenheimer | Energy conversion device |
WO2008037425A3 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2008-07-03 | Michael Gackenheimer | Energy conversion device |
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8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |