DE10216709B4 - Process for the treatment and distribution of airborne water in air, land and / or water vehicles - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010797 grey water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010866 blackwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011328 necessary treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002023 somite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
- H01M8/2495—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies of fuel cells of different types
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D11/00—Passenger or crew accommodation; Flight-deck installations not otherwise provided for
- B64D11/02—Toilet fittings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D41/00—Power installations for auxiliary purposes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D41/00—Power installations for auxiliary purposes
- B64D2041/005—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zur Wassererzeugung, Wasseraufbereitung und Verteilung von bordgeneriertem Wasser in Luft-, Land- und/oder Wasserfahrzeugen, welches vorzugsweise auch in autonomen stationären Einrichtungen zur Anwendung kommt, unter Verwendung eines kombinierten Prozesses aus Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle (1) der Typen Oxidkeramik-Brennstoffzelle (SOFC) oder Schmelzkarbonat-Brennstoffzelle (MCFC) oder ein im Temperaturspektrum vergleichbarer Typ und Turbine im Temperaturbereich > 500°C, mit einem direkt in die Brennstoffzelle integrierten und mit der Brennstoffzellen-Prozesswärme betriebenen Reformerprozess (2) zur Verwendung von Kohlewasserstoffen als Brennstoff sowie einer Zudosierung von Grau- und/oder Frischwasser (26) und einem mit der Prozesswärme der Brennstoffzelle betriebenen Wasserpurifikationsprozess (14, 15) sowie einer Wasserverteilung (20, 21, 22) und einer selbst regulierenden Wasseraufsalzungseinheit (17), wobei im internen Reformerprozess zur Brennstoffaufbereitung mit der Prozesswärme der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle (1) Wasserstoff erzeugt wird, der in der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle (1) selbst zur Energie- und Wassererzeugung verwendet wird.method for water production, water treatment and distribution of board-generated water in air, land and / or water vehicles, which preferably even in autonomous stationary Facilities are used, using a combined Process of high-temperature fuel cell (1) of the type oxide ceramic fuel cell (SOFC) or molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) or in the temperature spectrum comparable type and turbine in the temperature range> 500 ° C, with a directly integrated into the fuel cell and operated with the fuel cell process heat Reformer process (2) on the use of hydrocarbons as fuel and a metered addition of gray and / or fresh water (26) and one with the process heat the fuel cell operated water purifying process (14, 15) and a water distribution (20, 21, 22) and a self-regulating Wasseraufsalzungseinheit (17), wherein in the internal reformer process for fuel treatment with the process heat of the high-temperature fuel cell (1) Hydrogen is generated in the high-temperature fuel cell (1) itself is used for energy and water production.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Wasseraufbereitung und Verteilung von bordgeneriertem Wasser in Luft-, Land-, und/oder Wasserfahrzeugen, welches vorzugsweise auch in autonomen stationären Einrichtungen zur Anwendung kommen kann.The The invention relates to a process for water treatment and distribution of board-generated water in air, land, and / or water vehicles, which preferably also in autonomous stationary facilities for use can come.
Speziell in Luftfahrzeugen aber auch an Bord von Wasser- oder Landfahrzeugen sowie bei autonomen stationären Einrichtungen lässt sich Wasser z. B. durch den Einsatz von Brennstoffzellen oder einen anderen geeigneten Prozess gewinnen. Das aus Brennstoffzellen oder einem anderen Prozess gewonnene Wasser muss für die Verwendung in WC-Spülungen, als Trinkwasser, Duschwasser, Waschwasser und zur Luftbefeuchtung in Klimaanlagen jeweils unterschiedliche Wasserqualitäten aufweisen:
- – Trinkwasser muss für den menschlichen Verzehr geeignet sein und den Anforderungen nationaler und/oder internationaler Trinkwasserverordnungen entsprechen.
- – Duschwasser und Waschwasser muss ebenfalls Trinkwasserqualität gemäss den Anforderungen nationaler und/oder internationaler Trinkwasserverordnungen entsprechen, da dieses Wasser u. U. ebenfalls in den menschlichen Körper gelangen kann.
- – Wasser zur Luftbefeuchtung in Klimaanlagen muss keimfrei, frei von Fungien und zur Vermeidung von Ablagerungen möglichst entsalzen sein.
- – Wasser für WC-Spülungen sollte keimfrei und zur Vermeidung von Ablagerungen weitgehend entsalzen sein.
- - Drinking water must be suitable for human consumption and comply with the requirements of national and / or international drinking water regulations.
- - Shower water and wash water must also meet drinking water quality according to the requirements of national and / or international drinking water regulations, as this water u. U. can also enter the human body.
- - Water for air humidification in air conditioning systems must be germ-free, free from fungi and desalinated to avoid deposits.
- - Water for toilet flushing should be germ-free and largely desalted to avoid deposits.
In
der
Aus der WO 99/35 702 A1 ist ein System zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie bekannt, welches aus einer Brennstoffzelle, einer Heizstufe und einem integrierten Energiegenerator besteht. Der Energiegenerator enthält einen Kompressor, einen Stromgenerator und eine Turbine, die alle auf einer gemeinsamen Welle angeordnet sind. Bei dem Prozess wird sauerstoffhaltiges Gas in dem Kompressor komprimiert, das komprimierte Gas in der Heizstufe erhitzt und zusammen mit einem Brennstoff der Brennstoffzelle zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie zugeführt. Der Kompressor dient somit zur Erzeugung von Druckluft zur Benutzung in der Brennstoffzelle. Das von der Brennstoffzelle erzeugte heiße Abgas wird zum Antrieb der Turbine benutzt, welche den Stromgenerator und den Kompressor antreibt. Die Brennstoffzelle und der Stromgenerator zusammen erzeugen elektrischen Gleichstrom, der in einem nachgeordneten Konverter in Wechselstrom umgewandelt wird. Ein Teil der überschüssigen Abgaswärme von dem Turbinenantriebsgas wird zudem für die Vorheizung der in der Brennstoffzelle genutzten Luft verwendet. Es handelt sich um einen kombinierten Energieerzeugungsprozess aus Brennstoffzelle und Turbine.Out WO 99/35 702 A1 is a system for generating electrical Energy known, which consists of a fuel cell, a heating stage and an integrated energy generator. The energy generator contains a compressor, a power generator and a turbine, all are arranged on a common shaft. In the process will oxygen-containing gas in the compressor that compressed compressed Gas heated in the heating stage and together with a fuel of the fuel cell supplied for generating electrical energy. The compressor is thus used for generating compressed air for use in the fuel cell. The hot exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell is used to drive the Used turbine which drives the power generator and the compressor. The Fuel cell and the power generator together generate electrical DC, which is converted into AC in a downstream converter becomes. Part of the excess exhaust heat of the turbine propulsion gas is also used for preheating in the Fuel cell used air used. It is a Combined power generation process from fuel cell and turbine.
In
der
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit dem unterschiedliche Wasserqualitäten unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen an verschiedenen Stellen eines Aufbereitungsprozesses abgeleitet werden können.Of the The invention is based on the object, a method of the initially to create said type, with the different water qualities below certain conditions at different points in a reprocessing process can be derived.
Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zur Wasseraufbereitung und Verteilung von bordgeneriertem Wasser in Luft-, Land- und/oder Wasserfahrzeugen mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The Task is through a process for water treatment and distribution of board-generated water in air, land and / or water vehicles solved with the features of claim 1.
Erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltungen des Verfahrens sind in den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 28 beschrieben.Inventive embodiments of the method are described in the subclaims 2 to 28.
Das Verfahren beruht auf einem mehrstufigen Wasserherstellungs- und Nachbereitungsprozess mit Wassererzeugung, Wasseraufbereitung, Wasserverteilung und Wasseraufsalzung. Eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens besteht aus folgenden Komponenten:
- – Wasserherstellung Bei einem Wasserherstellungsprozess unter Verwendung von Brennstoffzellen, ist eine absolut keimfreie Wasserqualität dadurch garantiert, dass in den Brenngasen und somit auch im Endprodukt verfahrensbedingt keinerlei Keime enthalten sind. Hierfür wird eine Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle eingesetzt.
- – Purifikation Prozess zur Aussonderung von unerwünschten Inhaltsstoffen aus dem Was ser. Hierzu wird ein Verdampferprozess und ein nachgeschalteter Aktivkohle-Filtrationsprozess eingesetzt. Der Verdampferprozess wird mit der Abwärme der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle betrieben. Die Aktivkohlefilter werden wechselseitig über die Abwärme der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle regeneriert.
- – Wasserverteilung Das nach dem Purifikationsprozess zur Verfügung stehende Wasser wird in einem Behälter gepuffert und danach in die Systeme für die Luftbefeuchtung/Klimatisierung, WC-Spülung und Trinkwasser/Duschwasser/Waschwasser verteilt.
- – Wasseraufsalzung Trinkwasser, Dusch- und Waschwasser werden über eine Zudosierungseinheit mit denen für den menschlichen Gebrauch benötigten Salzen aufbereitet. Ein nachgeschaltetes Messverfahren, welches mit der Zudosierungseinheit rückgekoppelt ist, garantiert zu jedem Zeitpunkt einwandfreie Wasserqualität. Die Zudosierung von Salzen erfolgt automatisch und mengenabhängig.
- - Water production In a water production process using fuel cells, an absolutely germ-free water quality is guaranteed by the fact that in the combustion gases and thus also in the end product due to the process no germs are contained. For this purpose, a high-temperature fuel cell is used.
- - Purification process for the removal of undesirable ingredients from the water. For this purpose, an evaporator process and a downstream activated carbon filtration process is used. The evaporator process is operated with the waste heat of the high-temperature fuel cell. The activated carbon filters are alternately regenerated via the waste heat of the high-temperature fuel cell.
- - Water distribution The water available after the purification process is buffered in a container and then distributed into the systems for humidification / air conditioning, toilet flushing and drinking water / shower water / washing water.
- - Wasseraufsalzung Drinking water, shower and wash water are treated via a dosing unit with those required for human consumption salts. A downstream measuring process, which is fed back to the dosing unit, guarantees impeccable water quality at all times. The addition of salts is automatic and quantity-dependent.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens dargestellt, und zwar zeigt die einzige Figur eine Anordnung zur Wassergenerierung mittels Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle als Hilfsaggregat (APU). Bei dieser Anordnung ist die Abwärme der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle in einer oder mehreren Gasturbinen, ggfs. auch in Stirlingmotoren oder in anderen Wärme-Kraftmaschinen nutzbar. Auf diese Weise lässt sich direkt Druckluft erzeugen, welche entweder für die Druckluftbeaufschlagung und Klimatisierung einer Flugzeugkabine oder für den Triebwerksstart eines Flugzeuges zur Verfügung stehen kann. Zusätzlich können Hydraulikpumpen angeschlossen werden, welche die Notversorgung des Hydrauliksystems übernehmen. Hierzu muss für die Brennstoffzellen ein Notfall-Treibstoffvolumen bereit stehen, welches z.B. aus in Flaschen mitgeführtem Methan (Erdgas) bestehen kann. Die erforderlichen Redundanzen erhält man aus der Anzahl der eingesetzten Brennstoffzellensysteme.In The drawing is an embodiment of a Arrangement for implementation of the method, and that shows the only figure one Arrangement for generating water by means of a high-temperature fuel cell as an auxiliary unit (APU). In this arrangement, the waste heat of High-temperature fuel cell in one or more gas turbines, if necessary, also usable in Stirling engines or in other heat engines. That way directly generate compressed air, which either for the compressed air and air conditioning of an aircraft cabin or for the engine start a Airplane available can stand. additionally can Hydraulic pumps are connected, which the emergency supply of Take over hydraulic system. This must be for the fuel cells an emergency fuel volume ready, which e.g. from bottled methane (Natural gas) can exist. The required redundancies are obtained the number of fuel cell systems used.
Die erforderlichen Aufbereitungsprozesse für das Grau- bzw. Schwarzwasser werden in dieser Anordnung über die Abwärme der Brennstoffzelle betrieben. Ein zusätzlicher Vorteil findet sich in der weitgehenden Verwertung von dem in Schwarzwassermengen enthaltenen Wasseranteil und der zusätzlich damit verbundenen Gewichtsreduzierung. Die generierte Wassermenge ist in variablen Mengenanteilen abrufbar und hoch genug für zusätzliche Anwendungen in der Klimaanlage (zum Zwecke der Luftbefeuchtung) und in Duschen (für die Warm- und Kaltwasserbereitstellung). Der Hauptvorteil diese Systems liegt in der deutlich höheren Effizienz der Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzelle in Verbindung mit einem Gasturbinenprozess und der Unanfälligkeit gegenüber Kohlenmonoxid und Treibstoffqualitäten.The necessary treatment processes for the gray or black water are over in this arrangement the waste heat the fuel cell operated. An additional advantage is found in the substantial utilization of that contained in Schwarzwassermengen Water content and in addition to it associated weight reduction. The generated amount of water is Available in variable proportions and high enough for additional Applications in the air conditioning system (for the purpose of air humidification) and in showers (for the hot and cold water supply). The main advantage of this Systems lies in the much higher Efficiency of the high-temperature fuel cell in connection with a gas turbine process and the immunity across from Carbon monoxide and fuel qualities.
Claims (28)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10216709A DE10216709B4 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2002-04-16 | Process for the treatment and distribution of airborne water in air, land and / or water vehicles |
EP03008231A EP1354856B1 (en) | 2002-04-16 | 2003-04-09 | Process for the recovery and distribution of water generated on board an aircraft, land based vehicle and/or watercraft |
AT03008231T ATE308485T1 (en) | 2002-04-16 | 2003-04-09 | METHOD FOR WATER TREATMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF BOARD-GENERATED WATER IN AIRCRAFT, LAND AND/OR WATERCRAFT |
DE50301523T DE50301523D1 (en) | 2002-04-16 | 2003-04-09 | Process for the treatment of water and the distribution of ship-generated water in air, land and / or water vehicles |
ES03008231T ES2251642T3 (en) | 2002-04-16 | 2003-04-09 | PROCEDURE FOR WATER TREATMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF WATER GENERATED ON BOARD IN AIRCRAFT, TERRESTRIAL AND / OR AQUATIC VEHICLES. |
JP2003110379A JP4934265B2 (en) | 2002-04-16 | 2003-04-15 | Water treatment and distribution of water generated in aircraft, land vehicles, ships or self-supporting stationary devices |
US10/417,894 US7036314B2 (en) | 2002-04-16 | 2003-04-16 | Method for treating and distributing water generated in a self-contained water using unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10150261 | 2001-10-11 | ||
DE10150261.3 | 2001-10-11 | ||
DE10216709A DE10216709B4 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2002-04-16 | Process for the treatment and distribution of airborne water in air, land and / or water vehicles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE10216709A1 DE10216709A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 |
DE10216709B4 true DE10216709B4 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
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ID=7702214
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE10216361A Expired - Fee Related DE10216361B4 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2002-04-13 | Process for increasing efficiency and reducing exhaust gases in fuel cell systems |
DE10216709A Expired - Fee Related DE10216709B4 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2002-04-16 | Process for the treatment and distribution of airborne water in air, land and / or water vehicles |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE10216361A Expired - Fee Related DE10216361B4 (en) | 2001-10-11 | 2002-04-13 | Process for increasing efficiency and reducing exhaust gases in fuel cell systems |
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US8920771B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2014-12-30 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Water purification using energy from a steam-hydrocarbon reforming process |
US8920772B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2014-12-30 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | System and process for producing a H2-containing gas and purified water |
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DE102011121176A1 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-20 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Fuel cell system for an aircraft and aircraft with a fuel cell system |
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DE19821952C2 (en) * | 1998-05-15 | 2000-07-27 | Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh | Power supply unit on board an aircraft |
DE19911018C1 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-08-31 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Unit for supplying auxiliary power to aircraft includes a gas turbine with a combustion chamber, a blower, a turbine coupled to a compressor to generate compressed air and a fuel cell to generate electrical energy. |
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2002
- 2002-04-13 DE DE10216361A patent/DE10216361B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-16 DE DE10216709A patent/DE10216709B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
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DE4302319C2 (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 1996-03-28 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Airbus | Process and arrangement for treating waste water in aircraft |
WO1999035702A1 (en) * | 1998-01-08 | 1999-07-15 | Southern California Edison Company | Power generation system utilizing turbine gas generator and fuel cell |
EP0967676A1 (en) * | 1998-06-25 | 1999-12-29 | Marconi Aerospace Limited | Jet engine with integral fuel cell |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8709287B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2014-04-29 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Water purification using energy from a steam-hydrocarbon reforming process |
US8920771B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2014-12-30 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Water purification using energy from a steam-hydrocarbon reforming process |
US8920772B2 (en) | 2012-05-18 | 2014-12-30 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | System and process for producing a H2-containing gas and purified water |
US8956587B1 (en) | 2013-10-23 | 2015-02-17 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Hydrogen production process with high export steam |
US9309130B2 (en) | 2013-10-23 | 2016-04-12 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Integrated process for the production of hydrogen and water |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10216361B4 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
DE10216361A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 |
DE10216709A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 |
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Legal Events
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OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: AIRBUS OPERATIONS GMBH, 21129 HAMBURG, DE |
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R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |