DE102023113810A1 - Drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive device for generating a rotary movement, comprising a drive shaft, at least a first drive unit and a second drive unit, the drive units being movably mounted in a linear direction and each drive unit having a weight, a drive magnet and a drive lever, the drive levers attack at different positions of the drive shaft, at least a first stepper motor and a second stepper motor, at least a first switchable switching magnet and a second switchable switching magnet, the first switching magnet being switchable via the first stepper motor and the second switching magnet being switchable via the second stepper motor, and a control device, which is designed to control the stepper motors in such a way that the first switching magnet is activated in order to move the drive magnet of the first drive unit in the direction of the drive shaft, with at least six stepper motors and six switchable switching magnets being provided.

Description

The invention relates to a drive device for generating a rotary movement, comprising a drive shaft.

Such drive shafts are basically known. For example, in a vehicle, a drive shaft is rotated to drive the wheels.

The drive shaft is driven by a motor, e.g. internal combustion engine or electric motor.

Drive devices with drive shafts are also used to generate energy. For example, a drive shaft can be driven via a turbine, for example. B. to generate electricity. For example, a generator can be used.

It is an object of the invention to provide an alternative drive device, for example for generating electricity.

This problem is solved by the subject of the independent claim.

According to the invention, the drive device is designed to generate a rotary movement or can be used for this purpose.

The drive device has a drive shaft.

Furthermore, the drive device comprises at least a first drive unit and a second drive unit, wherein the drive units are mounted movably in a linear direction.

The direction of movement of the first drive unit preferably runs parallel to the direction of movement of the second drive unit.

For example, the linear direction can be oriented at right angles to a longitudinal axis of the drive shaft.

The linear direction can preferably be a vertical direction, i.e. the drive units can be moved up and down.

Each drive unit has a weight, a drive magnet and a drive lever.

The weight may, for example, include or consist of a metal material, such as steel. Preferably the weight is non-magnetic.

The drive magnets can, for example, comprise or consist of neodymium. For example, the drive magnets can be made of neodymium-iron-boron.

The weight, the drive magnet and/or the drive lever can be rigidly connected to one another. This means that these components of the drive unit can always be moved together in a linear direction.

The drive levers engage at different positions on the drive shaft.

The positions preferably differ both in the radial direction and in the longitudinal direction.

This can be achieved by causing the drive shaft to rotate.

The drive device has at least a first stepper motor and a second stepper motor.

The stepper motors can, for example, be operated at a current of one to two amperes.

Furthermore, the drive device has at least a first switchable switching magnet and a second switchable switching magnet, the first switching magnet being switchable via the first stepper motor and the second switching magnet being switchable via the second stepper motor.

The term switchable switching magnet is to be understood broadly and includes, for example, magnets with a release mechanism, e.g. lifting magnets.

The switching magnets can be, for example, permanent magnets which - comparable to electromagnets - can be switched between two magnetic states, for example magnetic and non-magnetic.

The switching magnets can, for example, comprise or consist of neodymium. For example, the switching magnets can be made of neodymium-iron-boron.

The load capacity of the switching magnets can be up to 5 tons, for example. It is advantageous if the switching magnet is firmly connected to a steel plate and/or to a housing, for example screwed.

The drive device has a control device which is designed to control the stepper motors in such a way that the first switching magnet is activated in order to move the drive magnet of the first drive unit in the direction of the drive shaft.

The control device can be, for example, a programmable logic controller (PLC controller).

Alternatively or additionally, the stepper motors can also regulate themselves via a feedback loop.

If the first switching magnet is activated via the stepper motor controlled by the control device, a magnetic field acts between the first switching magnet and the drive magnet of the first drive unit.

The drive magnet is thus pulled towards the switching magnet. The first drive unit moves in a linear direction to the drive shaft and causes it to rotate.

The length of the drive magnets, the drive lever and/or the diameter of the drive shaft can be selected such that the drive magnets can each enter the magnetic field of the switching magnets.

The movement in the direction of the drive shaft is supported by the weight of the first drive unit. The weight of the first drive unit moves downwards due to gravity.

High forces can therefore be transmitted to the drive shaft. For example, high torques can be generated on the drive shaft.

For example, a load can be rotated that corresponds to half the magnetic force of the drive magnet. For example, if the drive magnet can carry 1,000 kg, a 500 kg load can be rotated.

Electricity can be generated from the rotational movement using a generator, for example.

Further developments of the invention can also be found in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying drawings.

According to one embodiment, the control device is designed to control the stepper motors such that the second switching magnet is deactivated.

If the second switching magnet is deactivated via the stepper motor controlled by the control device, no magnetic field acts between the second switching magnet and the drive magnet of the second drive unit.

The second drive unit can therefore be moved away from the drive shaft or movement away from the drive shaft is permitted without having to overcome the magnetic force.

If the second drive unit is in the top position, the first switching magnet can be deactivated and the second switching magnet can be activated. This causes the second drive unit to move downwards and the first drive unit to move upwards.

These processes can be repeated continuously to achieve permanent rotation of the drive shaft.

According to a further embodiment, a third drive unit is provided, wherein the third drive unit is mounted movably in a linear direction.

The direction of movement of the third drive unit preferably runs parallel to the direction of movement of the first and/or second drive unit.

For example, the linear direction can be oriented at right angles to a longitudinal axis of the drive shaft.

The linear direction can preferably be a vertical direction, i.e. the third drive unit can be moved up and down.

The third drive unit has a weight, a drive magnet and a drive lever.

The drive magnet can, for example, comprise or consist of neodymium. For example, the drive magnet can consist of neodymium-iron-boron.

The weight, the drive magnet and/or the drive lever can be rigidly connected to one another. This means that these components of the drive unit can always be moved together in a linear direction.

The drive lever engages another position on the drive shaft.

The positions of the drive levers preferably differ both in the radial direction and in the longitudinal direction.

The first, second and/or third drive units can preferably be designed to be identical in construction. For example, the drive units can only differ in terms of their position.

More than three drive units can also be provided, for example four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more. Accordingly, a large number of switching magnets and stepper motors can be provided. Preferably, the number of switching magnets and stepper motors is twice as large as the number of drive units.

According to a further embodiment, a third stepper motor and a third switchable switching magnet are provided, the third switching magnet being switchable via the third stepper motor.

With three drive devices, a permanent, uniform rotation of the drive shaft is possible.

The three stepper motors can preferably be switched alternately in such a way that there is always one drive unit at the bottom, one in the middle and one at the top.

When moving downwards, the corresponding drive unit can be supported by the corresponding switching magnet, while the switching magnet can be deactivated when moving upwards.

According to the invention, at least six stepper motors and six switchable switching magnets are provided.

Preferably two stepper motors and two switchable switching magnets are assigned to a drive unit.

This leads to a doubling of the magnetic force acting on the drive magnet.

According to a further embodiment, sensors are provided which determine the positions of the drive units.

The sensors record the positions of the drive units. Using this data, the switching solenoids can be activated or deactivated.

According to a further embodiment, the weights are cylindrical.

In principle, however, the weights can have any shape.

According to a further embodiment, a housing is provided which has recesses for the weights.

The recesses can preferably be cylindrical.

The weights can, for example, be moved relative to the housing.

The housing can, for example, comprise or consist of a metal material, e.g. steel. Preferably the housing is non-magnetic. The material is preferably chosen such that it can withstand high temperatures, which occur, for example, due to the friction of the weights on the edges of the recesses.

The thermal losses can be around 30%, for example.

For example, the drive shaft can be mounted on the housing. The drive shaft can rotate relative to the housing.

Preferably, the sensors can be rigidly connected to the housing or integrated into the housing.

According to a further embodiment, the drive levers each have a joint.

The joint allows the linear movement of the drive units - like a handcar - to be converted into a rotary movement. The drive lever can deflect laterally.

According to a further embodiment, the drive shaft has contact points for the drive levers, which are offset from a longitudinal axis of the drive shaft.

The attack points are therefore spaced from the longitudinal axis. For example, an attack point can be designed as, for example, a rectangular or arcuate bulge and/or bend in the drive shaft.

According to a further embodiment, the contact points of the drive shaft are arranged offset from one another by 120°.

With three drive units, this enables continuous and even rotation.

The attack points are preferably offset from one another by 120° in the radial direction. Furthermore, the attack points can also be provided in the longitudinal direction at different positions on the drive shaft.

The positions of the attack points preferably describe a sinusoidal course over time.

According to a further embodiment, the switching magnets are arranged stationary.

For example, the switching magnets can be firmly attached to the housing or integrated into the housing.

The drive magnets can preferably move relative to the switching magnets.

The invention finally relates to a method for generating a rotary movement using a drive device according to the invention.

The stepper motors are controlled such that the first switching magnet is activated to move the drive magnet of the first drive unit in the direction of the drive shaft.

All embodiments and components of the device described here are preferably designed to be operated, for example by means of the control device, according to the method described here. Furthermore, all embodiments of the device described here and all embodiments of the method described here can each be combined with one another, preferably also independently of the specific embodiment in the context of which they are mentioned.

• 1 eine Schnittansicht einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsvorrichtung,
• 2 eine weitere Schnittansicht einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsvorrichtung,
• 3 eine weitere Schnittansicht einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsvorrichtung, und
• 4 eine Perspektivansicht einer Ausführungsform eines Ausschnitts einer erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsvorrichtung.

The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the drawings. Show it:

• 1 a sectional view of an embodiment of a drive device according to the invention,
• 2 a further sectional view of an embodiment of a drive device according to the invention,
• 3 a further sectional view of an embodiment of a drive device according to the invention, and
• 4 a perspective view of an embodiment of a section of a drive device according to the invention.

First of all, it should be noted that the embodiments shown are purely exemplary in nature. Individual features can be implemented not only in the combination shown, but also alone or in other technically sensible combinations. For example, the features of one embodiment can be combined in any way with features of another embodiment. Preferably, the number of drive units, stepper motors and/or switching magnets can vary.

If a figure contains a reference symbol that is not explained in the directly associated description text, reference is made to the corresponding previous or subsequent statements in the figure description. The same reference numbers are used for the same or comparable components in the figures and these are not explained again.

1 shows a - at least partial - sectional view of a central area of a drive device. For better clarity, the stepper motors and switching magnets, which are located in a plane in front of or behind them, are not shown.

The drive device has a first drive unit 10, a second drive unit 12 and a third drive unit 14.

The drive units 10, 12, 14 are mounted so that they can move in a linear direction, as indicated by the double arrows.

Each drive unit 10, 12, 14 has a cylindrical weight 16, a drive magnet 18 and a drive lever 20.

Each drive magnet 18 has a north pole N and a south pole S.

The drive levers 20 each have a joint 22 and engage at different positions on a common drive shaft 24.

The drive shaft 24 has contact points 26 which are offset from one another relative to a longitudinal axis of the drive shaft 24.

In principle, the attack points 26 can be constructed identically, for example rectangular, and differ only in terms of their position. For example, the contact points 26 can be arranged offset from one another by 120° in the radial direction.

Sensors 28 can be provided which determine the positions of the drive units 10, 12, 14.

The drive units 10, 12, 14 can be mounted movably relative to a housing 30. The housing 30 can have cylindrical recesses 32 for the weights 16.

The drive shaft 24 can also be mounted on the housing 30.

The drive shaft 24 is caused to rotate by the drive units 10, 12, 14, as indicated by the curved arrow.

2 shows a sectional view of a rear area of the drive device.

The drive device has a first stepper motor 34, a second stepper motor 36 and a third stepper motor 38.

Furthermore, the drive device has a first switchable switching magnet 40, a second switchable switching magnet 42 and a third switchable switching magnet 44, each with a north pole N and a south pole S.

The first switching magnet 40 can be switched via the first stepper motor 34, the second switching magnet 42 can be switched via the second stepper motor 36 and the third switching magnet 44 can be switched via the third stepper motor 38.

The switching magnets 40, 42, 44 and the stepper motors 34, 36, 38 can be rigidly attached to the housing 30.

A control device, not shown, can control the stepper motors 34, 36, 38 in such a way that the first switching magnet 40 is activated in order to move the drive magnet 18 of the first drive unit 10 in the direction of the drive shaft 24.

A front area of the drive device can be constructed accordingly, so that, as in the sectional bottom view in 3 can be seen, a fourth switching magnet 46, a fifth switching magnet 48 and a sixth switching magnet 50 can be provided, each of which can be controlled via a separate stepper motor.

Alternatively, for example, the first switching magnet 40 and the fourth switching magnet 46 can be switched via a common stepper motor. Accordingly, for example, the second switching magnet 42 and the fifth switching magnet 48 can be switched via a common stepper motor. For example, the third switching magnet 44 and the sixth switching magnet 50 can also be switched via a common stepper motor.

The drive magnets 18 can preferably be tightened on both sides if necessary.

This is exemplified in 4 shown. The polarity of the drive magnet 18 and the switching magnets 40, 46 is selected such that maximum attractive force is achieved.

The distances between the switching magnets 40, 46 and the drive magnet 18 can each be, for example, between 1 cm and 5 cm, preferably between 2 cm and 3 cm.

The distance between two drive magnets 18 is preferably chosen such that the corresponding magnetic fields do not influence each other.

First, the first switching magnet 40 is activated via the first stepper motor 34 in order to move the drive magnet 18 of the first drive unit 10 in the direction of the drive shaft 24. The fourth switching magnet 46 is also activated.

The sensors 28 can detect the positions of the drive units 10, 12, 14.

The second switching magnet 42 is deactivated via the second stepper motor 36. The fifth switching magnet 48 is also deactivated. This means that no magnetic force acts on the second drive unit 12.

The third switching magnet 44 is deactivated via the third stepper motor 38. The sixth switching magnet 50 is also deactivated. Consequently, no magnetic force is exerted on the third drive unit 14.

In the further course, the switching magnets 40 to 50 are switched in such a way that continuous operation is possible. For example, the sensors 28 can assume a slightly inclined position or the stepper motors 34, 36, 38 can be switched in such a way that the force on the drive shaft 24 always acts from the same side and therefore rotates evenly. The drive levers 20 are thus forced into a circular movement.

Reference symbol list

10

first drive unit

12

second drive unit

14

third drive unit

16

Weight

18

Drive magnet

20

Drive lever

22

joint

24

drive shaft

26

point of attack

28

sensor

30

Housing

32

recess

34

first stepper motor

36

second stepper motor

38

third stepper motor

40

first switching magnet

42

second switching magnet

44

third switching magnet

46

fourth switching magnet

48

fifth switching magnet

50

sixth switching magnet

N

North Pole

S

South Pole

Claims (10)

Drive device for generating a rotary movement, comprising a drive shaft (24), at least a first drive unit (10) and a second drive unit (12), the drive units (10, 12) being movably mounted in a linear direction and each drive unit (10, 12) having a weight (16), a drive magnet (18) and has a drive lever (20), the drive levers (20) engaging at different positions on the drive shaft (24), at least a first stepper motor (34) and a second stepper motor (36), at least a first switchable switching magnet (40) and a second switchable switching magnet (42), the first switching magnet (40) being switchable via the first stepper motor (34) and the second switching magnet (42) being switchable via the second stepper motor (36), and a control device which is designed to control the stepper motors (34, 36) in such a way that the first switching magnet (40) is activated in order to move the drive magnet (18) of the first drive unit (10) in the direction of the drive shaft (24). , where at least six stepper motors (34, 36, 38) and six switchable switching magnets (40-50) are provided. Drive device after Claim 1 , characterized in that the control device is designed to control the stepper motors (34, 36) in such a way that the second switching magnet (42) is deactivated. Drive device after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that a third drive unit (14) is provided, the third drive unit (14) being movably mounted in a linear direction and having a weight (16), a drive magnet (18) and a drive lever (20), the Drive lever (20) engages at another position on the drive shaft (24). Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a third stepper motor (38) and a third switchable switching magnet (44) are provided, the third switching magnet (44) being switchable via the third stepper motor (38). Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that sensors (28) are provided which determine the positions of the drive units (10, 12, 14). Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weights (16) are cylindrical. Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a housing (30) is provided which has recesses (32) for the weights (16). Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive levers (20) each have a joint (22). Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive shaft (24) has contact points for the drive levers (20), which are offset from a longitudinal axis of the drive shaft (24). Drive device after Claim 9 , characterized in that the contact points of the drive shaft (24) are arranged offset from one another by 120 °.

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