DE102022205035A1 - Door closer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a door closer (100) for a door, comprising a closer mechanism which can be coupled to the door and is arranged in a housing (110) of the door closer (100), with an axially displaceable closer piston (114) and a closer piston (114) in the closing direction of the door The closer spring (116) acting on the door, wherein in the mounted state of the door closer (100), a manual opening movement of the door moves the closer piston (114) in a deflection direction (90) against a force of the closer spring (116) from a starting position and thereby in the closer spring ( 116) stores mechanical energy for a closing movement of the door. The door closer according to the invention is characterized in that the door closer (100) comprises an actuator (10) which has an electric motor unit (12) and a sliding mechanism (14) which can be driven by the electric motor unit (12), through which a rotational movement of the electric Motor unit (12) can be converted into a translational movement of the closer piston (114) in an opening direction of rotation, wherein when the electric motor unit (12) is actuated in the opening direction of rotation, the sliding mechanism (14) pushes the closer piston (114) against the force of the closer spring (116). the starting position moves into a holding position in which the actuator (10) holds the door in an open position.

Description

The invention relates to a door closer for a door, comprising a closer mechanism which can be coupled to the door and is arranged in a housing of the door closer, with an axially displaceable closer piston and a closer spring which acts on the closer piston in the closing direction of the door, with a manual opening movement of the door in the assembled state of the door closer moves the closer piston in a deflection direction against a force of the closer spring from a starting position and thereby stores mechanical energy in the closer spring for a closing movement of the door.

Mechanical door closers are well known and are used in countless buildings around the world. Each time the door equipped with such a door closer is opened, a mechanical energy storage device, generally a closer spring, is charged, and after the door has been released by the user, this stored mechanical energy is used to automatically close the door.

Since mechanical energy is stored in the closer spring during every opening process, this additional mechanical energy, which is necessary in relation to just opening the door, must be applied by the user of the door. However, this can cause difficulties for certain groups of people, for example young, old and/or physically handicapped people, or even make it completely impossible for them to use a door equipped with a door closer. A door with such a door closer can also represent an insurmountable obstacle for autonomous vehicles such as cleaning robots.

Furthermore, particularly in larger buildings or building complexes, a smoke/heat extraction system (RWA system) can be provided, which is intended to ensure a sufficient supply of fresh air and a quick and safe removal of smoke gases from the building in the event of a fire. This protects people in the building in particular and is intended to protect them from poisoning and suffocation. Large supply air areas are advantageous for such RWA systems, such as those that can be provided through open doors. However, doors equipped with simple mechanical door closers are kept closed, so it is not possible to take these doors into account in an RWA system.

In principle, it is possible to arrange a separate drive on the corresponding door in addition to a mechanical door closer. However, since both the door closer and the additional drive have to be installed, the mounting positions are often limited and the installation is complex. In addition, an increased space requirement is necessary.

Alternatively, fully automatic door drives can also be used, which carry out both the opening and closing movements of the corresponding door in a powered manner. These fully automatic door drives require less installation space. However, the disadvantage of such automatic door drives is that they are expensive in terms of purchase, installation, maintenance and operation.

It is the object of the present invention to at least partially eliminate the disadvantages of known door closers of the prior art described above. In particular, it is the object of the present invention to create a door closer that enables a powered opening and safe holding of a door open, while at the same time maintaining the mechanical closer functionality and is also designed to save space.

The above task is solved by the patent claims. In particular, the task is solved by a door closer with the features of independent claim 1. Further features and advantages of the door closer according to the invention result from the subclaims, the description and the drawings.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a door closer for a door, having a closer mechanism which can be coupled to the door and is arranged in a housing of the door closer, with an axially displaceable closer piston and a closer spring which acts on the closer piston in the closing direction of the door, the door closer being in the assembled state a manual opening movement of the door moves the closer piston in a deflection direction against a force of the closer spring from a starting position and thereby stores mechanical energy in the closer spring for a closing movement of the door. The door closer according to the invention is characterized in that the door closer comprises an actuator which has an electric motor unit and a sliding mechanism that can be driven by the electric motor unit, through which a rotary movement of the electric motor unit in an opening direction of rotation can be converted into a translational movement of the closer piston, whereby Actuation of the electric motor unit in the opening direction of rotation, the sliding mechanism moves the closer piston from the starting position against the force of the closer spring moved into a holding position in which the actuator holds the door in an open position.

A door closer according to the invention is intended for use on doors and can therefore be arranged on them. An automatic closing of this door by the door closer can be made possible via a closing mechanism of the door closer arranged in the housing, for example via a lever linkage. During a manual, but also during all other, opening processes of the door, the closer piston is moved from its starting position along its deflection direction against the force of the closer spring via the closer mechanism, which can include, for example, a pinion and a rack, whereby mechanical energy is stored in the closer spring becomes. After the door is released, this energy stored in the closer spring is released again and the closer piston is pushed back into its starting position in the housing against the direction of deflection. This leads to a closing movement of the door via the mechanical active connection already stated above and formed by the closer mechanism.

According to the invention, the door closer also has an actuator. This actuator can preferably also be arranged in and/or on the housing of the door closer or integrated into it, completely or at least partially. An electric motor unit, which is connected or can be connected to an external and/or internal electrical energy supply, drives a sliding mechanism. This sliding mechanism is at least temporarily mechanically connected to both the motor unit and the closer piston and can in particular convert the rotational movement that the motor unit provides into a translational movement. If there is an active connection with the closer piston, this is moved by the sliding mechanism against the force of the closer spring when the motor unit is running, whereby the door connected to the door closer opens automatically via the closer mechanism.

In other words, the additional actuator that is at least partially integrated into the door closer can enable a powered opening of the door through its motor unit and sliding mechanism. The motor unit is preferably operated until the closer piston has reached a holding position which corresponds to an open position of the door. This opening position can be achieved, for example, at a maximum opening angle, but also at an angle that is smaller than the maximum opening angle.

Overall, the door can be opened without the user of the door, regardless of whether it is an actual person or, for example, an autonomous vehicle, having to exert any force on the door. The force or mechanical energy required to open the door is generated by the actuator, which is activated by the user, for example via a button or a wired or wireless activation signal. Activating the opening process using an external or internally generated trigger signal is also conceivable.

Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that the door is also held in the opened position reached by the actuator after the motor opening process. This holding can, for example, take place for a predetermined period of time so that when triggered by a user, the user can walk through the open door. However, it is particularly preferred that the actuator permanently enables the door to be held in the open position, in particular regardless of whether the electrical energy supply to the actuator is present or not. This enables, in particular, the use of a door closer according to the invention as an element of an RWA system. When the door closer according to the invention is triggered, for example in particular in the event of a fire, the actuator of the door closer is activated and opens the door. The actuator is designed in such a way that it then continues to keep the door open, especially in the event of a power failure. In this way, the open door can act as a safe supply air surface for smoke or heat exhaust as part of an RWA system.

Furthermore, the door closer according to the invention can be characterized in that the electric motor unit and/or the sliding mechanism are arranged in series with the closer piston and/or the closer spring in the deflection direction of the closer piston. In other words, an arrangement of the various elements of the door closer according to the invention in a row along the deflection direction means that these corresponding elements of the door closer, in particular the electric motor unit and/or the sliding mechanism as well as the closer piston and/or the closer spring, are arranged next to one another along the deflection direction. The property of the actuator to be able to push the closer piston of the door closer according to the invention in the deflection direction against the force of the closer spring can be implemented in a particularly simple and compact manner in this way.

The door closer according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that the sliding mechanism is coupled to the closer piston in such a way that a manual opening movement of the door is still possible while the closer piston is pushed by the actuator from the starting position into the holding position. This can preferably be made possible, for example, by the fact that the sliding mechanism is coupled or can be coupled to the closer piston in a force-transmitting manner only on one side, for example by only one-sided positive abutment, in particular of a component of the sliding mechanism on the closer piston or vice versa. In other words, this positive connection is only effective in the deflection direction, but not against the deflection direction. In this way, the sliding mechanism can move the closer piston along the deflection direction, while at the same time the closer piston can move ahead of the sliding movement when the closer piston moves faster compared to the sliding mechanism along the deflection direction.

In other words, a user can also open the door faster than is possible with the actuator. A force exerted on the door by a user during the opening process driven by the actuator therefore only leads to a faster opening of the door and not to a load and/or even damage to the door closer according to the invention. Preferably, it can also be provided that even after the actuator has completed the opening movement of the door, i.e. when the actuator holds the door in its open position, a further opening movement of the door carried out by a user is possible.

In addition, in the door closer according to the invention it can be provided that the sliding mechanism is designed such that when the electric motor unit is actuated against the opening direction of rotation, there is no driving connection between the actuator and the closer piston, so that the electric motor unit does not transmit any force to the closer piston. Preferably, an existing driving connection between the actuator and the closing piston is released when the electric motor unit is actuated counter to the opening direction of rotation. Due to the lack of a driving connection in this direction of rotation, the door closer according to the invention can also provide the functions usually provided by door closers, in particular the automatic closing of an open door. Thus, for example, the holding of the door in its open position by the actuator of the door closer according to the invention can be actively ended by actuating the electric motor unit against the opening direction of rotation, whereby the closer piston is then pushed back into its starting position by the mechanical energy stored in the closer spring and the door is closed becomes.

Particularly preferably, the door closer according to the invention can be characterized in that the actuator is designed to be self-locking, wherein preferably the electric motor unit is designed to be self-locking, in particular the electric motor unit comprises a stepper motor and a planetary gear, and / or the sliding mechanism is designed to be self-locking. Self-locking in the sense of the invention means that the actuator is designed in such a way that it can withstand the force that is exerted by the tensioned closer spring on the closer piston in its holding position, even without a supply of electrical energy, and thus holds the door in its open position. Even if the electrical energy supply fails, the door can be held in its open position by the door closer according to the invention, in particular, for example, for use of the door closer according to the invention as part of an RWA system. For this purpose, for example, either the electric motor unit or the sliding mechanism, but preferably both elements, can be designed to be self-locking. A possible self-locking design of the motor unit is, for example, a stepper motor with a planetary gear as a motor unit. The sliding mechanism in turn can, for example, have a threaded connection with interlocking threaded sections, which can also have a self-locking effect via a suitable choice, for example of a pitch of the threaded sections.

The door closer according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that the actuator includes an electrical energy storage device for moving the closer piston at least once against the force of the closer spring from the starting position into the holding position. Particularly when using the door closer according to the invention as part of an RWA system, it is necessary to sufficiently ensure that the door is opened in the event of a fire. This security for the opening process can be significantly increased by an electrical energy storage device in which sufficient electrical energy is stored to open the door at least once. Even if an external electrical energy supply to the door closer according to the invention fails immediately, the opening process can be carried out and the desired supply air area can be created.

In the door closer according to the invention, it can also be provided that the actuator includes control electronics for receiving trigger signals and, based on this, for controlling the electric motor unit. In other words, in this embodiment of the door closer according to the invention, the control electronics are integrated into the door closer. The function of the actuator can therefore be triggered directly by the door closer according to the invention. External control devices that are spatially separated from the door closer can thus be avoided, whereby interruptions in communication connections between the door closer according to the invention and external control devices, which cannot be ruled out, particularly in the event of a fire, can be avoided as a source of error.

The door closer according to the invention can also be designed in such a way that when the door closer is installed, the holding position of the closer piston corresponds to an opening angle of the door between 75° and 105°, preferably 90°. With an opening angle of the door of 75° to 105°, in particular 90°, a sufficiently large supply air area can be ensured through the opened door in an RWA system. This opening angle of the door, which corresponds to the holding position of the closing piston, can be the maximum opening angle of the door, but can also correspond to a smaller opening angle.

Furthermore, in the door closer according to the invention it can be provided that the sliding mechanism comprises an actuating piston which is arranged in the housing on the side of the closer piston directed against the deflection direction, is mounted axially displaceably and is connected in a driving manner to the electric motor unit, the actuating piston being driven in the opening direction of rotation Motor unit is moved in the deflection direction and thereby pushes against the closer piston in order to move it into the holding position against the force of the closer spring.

In this preferred embodiment of a door closer according to the invention, the displacement of the closer piston when the actuator is activated is effected by a further piston, namely the actuating piston. Due to the axially displaceable bearing, activation of the electric motor unit causes the position of the actuating piston to change linearly. The position of the actuating piston in the door closer according to the invention and its axial mounting are selected in particular such that the actuating piston, driven by the electric motor unit, pushes against an axial end of the closer piston and in particular acts on it in a pressing manner in the deflection direction. This end of the closer piston is preferably opposite the end on which the closer spring engages. Moving the closer piston in the deflection direction and thus into the holding position can be made particularly easy and safe in this way.

A purely pressing attack means in particular that the actuating piston and the closing piston are not firmly connected. This makes it possible, in particular, for the closer piston to also be able to lift off from the actuating piston. This makes it possible, for example, to ensure that the door closer can be actuated unhindered without activating the actuating piston. On the other hand, even when the actuator is activated, the closing piston can move beyond the displacement by the actuating piston, for example when the door is opened more quickly by a user or by the door being opened further beyond its opening position set by the actuator.

The closing piston and the adjusting piston can preferably be aligned coaxially to a common central axis. Further preferably, the respective contact surfaces of the closing piston and the adjusting piston can be at least substantially equally distributed radially to this central axis, flat and perpendicular to the central axis. A particularly uniform and safe power transmission between the actuating piston and the closing piston can thereby be made possible.

The door closer according to the invention can also be further developed in such a way that the sliding mechanism comprises a threaded spindle which can be rotatably driven by the motor unit and which engages in a corresponding internal thread formed in the actuating piston, the actuating piston being arranged in the housing in a rotationally fixed manner around the actuating piston when the motor unit is driven in the opening direction of rotation to move in the deflection direction. In this embodiment of the door closer according to the invention, the rotary movement of the electric motor unit, in particular in the opening direction of rotation, is converted into a translational movement of the adjusting piston along the deflection direction via a threaded connection, formed by the threaded spindle and the corresponding internal thread of the actuating piston. Due to the rotation-proof arrangement of the adjusting piston in the housing, a rotational movement of the adjusting piston following the rotation of the threaded spindle is blocked. A particularly simple and safe conversion of the rotary drive movement of the electric motor unit into a displacement of the closer piston into its holding position can be ensured in this way.

Furthermore, the door closer according to the invention can be designed in such a way that the threaded spindle and/or the internal thread are designed in the form of a trapezoidal thread. In comparison to metric threads, for example, trapezoidal threads are characterized in particular by the fact that the threads have the shape of a particularly isosceles trapezoid. This means that the threads can be thicker and therefore more stable. In comparison to, for example, metric threads, this design enables the absorption or transmission of particularly high forces. This can increase the security of moving the closer piston into its holding position against the force of the closer spring when the actuator is activated.

An embodiment of the door closer according to the invention can also be characterized in that a common axis of the threaded spindle and the internal thread is arranged offset from a central axis of the actuating piston in order to arrange the actuating piston in the housing in a rotationally fixed manner. Due to the radial offset between the central axis of the actuating piston and the common longitudinal axis of the threaded spindle and the internal thread, the actuating piston is subjected to an eccentric torque when the threaded spindle rotates and is therefore automatically supported on its axial bearing in the housing. Due to this support, however, it cannot follow the rotation of the threaded spindle and, in other words, is therefore arranged in the housing in a rotationally fixed manner. In particular, in this embodiment, the actuating piston and the corresponding receptacle in the housing, which forms or at least supports the axial bearing of the actuating piston, can be cylindrical with a circular cross section.

Alternatively or additionally, in the door closer according to the invention it can be provided that for the rotation-proof arrangement of the actuating piston in the housing, the actuating piston is accommodated in the housing in a form-fitting manner in the circumferential direction. Such a positive receptacle of the actuating piston in the housing can be formed, for example, by a non-circular cross section of the actuating piston and a correspondingly adapted cross section of the receptacle in the housing. Non-limiting examples of such a non-circular cross section are in particular an elliptical cross section or a polygon-like cross section, for example in the form of a regular hexagon. An embodiment with pockets in the receptacle and corresponding projections on the actuating piston that engage in these pockets, or a correspondingly reversed arrangement, is also conceivable. In particular, in this embodiment, the adjusting piston can be supported on the housing when the threaded spindle rotates and therefore cannot follow the rotation of the threaded spindle. In other words, the actuating piston is again arranged in the housing in a rotationally fixed manner.

Furthermore, the door closer according to the invention can be characterized in that the housing is provided on the side opposite to the deflection direction with a housing cover which has a bearing in which the threaded spindle is rotatably mounted. The bearing can be designed, for example, as a ball or rolling bearing, in particular as a needle bearing. By storing the threaded spindle in the housing cover, it is also possible to arrange parts of the servomotor outside the housing of the door closer according to the invention. The installation space required for elements of the actuator inside the housing of the door closer according to the invention can thereby be reduced. The housing cover can also be designed in such a way that it can replace a front housing closure of a door closer without an actuator according to the invention. Overall, retrofitting a door closer with an actuator to create a door closer according to the invention can be made possible or at least easier.

Preferably, the door closer according to the invention can be further developed in such a way that the electric motor unit is fastened outside the housing on the housing, in particular on the housing cover, with a motor shaft of the electric motor unit being connected in a driving manner to the threaded spindle in order to drive it rotatably. In this embodiment, in particular the electric motor unit, for example also control electronics and/or an electrical energy storage device, is arranged outside the housing of the door closer and is attached to the housing. Inside the housing there are essentially only the adjusting piston, its bearings and a section of the threaded spindle, in particular the section of the threaded spindle that engages in the internal thread of the adjusting piston. The advantage already stated above of reducing the installation space requirement of the actuator according to the invention inside the housing can be increased, in particular maximized, in this way. The functionality of the actuator can also be ensured in this embodiment through the drive-effective connection of the motor shaft of the electric motor unit to the threaded spindle, for example by direct engagement or via an intermediate gear.

In addition, the door closer according to the invention can also be characterized in that that the electric motor unit with its motor shaft, in particular through the housing cover, engages positively in the circumferential direction in the threaded spindle in order to drive it rotatably. A drive-effective connection of the motor shaft and the threaded spindle can be made possible in a particularly simple and at the same time safe manner by means of a positive, direct engagement of the motor shaft of the electric motor unit in the threaded spindle in the circumferential direction. This intervention can be formed, for example, by non-circular cross sections of a corresponding coupling section of the motor shaft and a correspondingly adapted coupling receptacle in the threaded spindle. Examples of such cross sections are an elliptical cross section or a polygon-like cross section, for example in the form of a regular hexagon. An embodiment with pockets in the coupling receptacle and corresponding projections on the coupling section of the motor shaft that engage in the pockets, or a correspondingly reversed arrangement, is also conceivable. By optionally passing through the housing cover through the motor shaft, in particular the coupling section of the motor shaft inside the coupling receptacle of the threaded spindle, it is possible to further reduce the size of the entire structure of the door closer according to the invention, since the driving connection between the motor shaft and the threaded spindle is also at least partially can be arranged inside the housing of the door closer.

The invention is described below with reference to figures. Elements with the same function and mode of operation are given the same reference numbers in the figures.

• 1 eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Türschließers,
• 2 die Ausführungsform des Türschließers aus 1 in einer Schnittansicht,
• 3 eine Detailansicht des Türschließers gemäß 2 in einem Ruhezustand,
• 4 eine Detailansicht des Türschließers gemäß 2 bei einer manueller Öffnungsbewegung, und
• 5 eine Detailansicht des Türschließers gemäß 2 bei einer durch einen Stellantrieb angetriebenen Öffnungsbewegung.

It shows schematically:

• 1 an embodiment of a door closer according to the invention,
• 2 the embodiment of the door closer 1 in a sectional view,
• 3 a detailed view of the door closer 2 in a resting state,
• 4 a detailed view of the door closer 2 with a manual opening movement, and
• 5 a detailed view of the door closer 2 during an opening movement driven by an actuator.

The 1 until 5 show a possible embodiment of the door closer 100 according to the invention. 1 and 2 show the entire door closer 100 according to the invention, 1 from the outside as well 2 in a sectional view perpendicular to a closer shaft 112. The 3 until 5 each show a detailed view of the in 2 shown section of the door closer 100 according to the invention, in particular a closer piston 114 and the actuator 10, in different operating states. Below are the 1 until 5 described together, with special features of the individual figures being discussed.

1 shows a door closer 100 according to the invention in a perspective view from the outside. The door closer 100 has, as a visible external element, in particular a housing 110, from which a closer shaft 112 is led out. For example, a lever linkage can be attached to this closer shaft 112, which creates a driving connection between a door leaf of the door and a frame of the door (not shown in each case) for the door closer. The door closer 100 according to the invention further has an actuator 10, which is at least partially arranged outside the housing 110 of the door closer 100 according to the invention. As shown, in particular an electric motor unit 12 of the actuator 10 can be arranged on a front housing cover 40, preferably attached to it.

Like all generic door closers 100, this has a locking mechanism with a closer piston 114 and a closer spring 116, which are arranged in the housing 110. This is, for example, in the sectional view 2 clearly. The closing piston 114 is mounted displaceably in the housing 110 along a deflection direction 90.

An opening movement of the door causes a displacement of the closer piston 114 along the deflection direction 90, in particular against the force of the closer spring 116. Thus, every time the door is opened, mechanical energy is stored in the closer spring 116, which can then be released again after the door is released . The closer spring 116 then pushes the closer piston 114 back into its initial position and the door is automatically closed.

The door closer 100 according to the invention is characterized in that it additionally has the actuator 10, which, driven by the motor unit 12 of the actuator 10, moves the closer piston 114 against the force of the closer spring 116 along the deflection direction 90 from the in 2 shown starting position can move into a holding position. In the assembled state of the door closer 100 according to the invention, this holding position of the closer piston 114 can, for example, correspond to an opening angle of the door between 75° and 105°, preferably 90°.

Furthermore, the actuator 10 is designed in such a way that, after displacement, it then holds the closer piston 114 in this reached holding position, whereby the door is accordingly held in its open position. In this way, on the one hand, a motorized opening of the door can be made possible, which also makes it possible for groups of people who cannot open the door manually to open the door. This advantage can also be made possible for autonomous vehicles, such as cleaning robots. In addition, by holding the door in its open position by the actuator 10, the door closer 100 according to the invention can be used as part of a RWA system to provide a supply air area.

In order to ensure that the door is opened independently of an external power supply, which can also fail in the event of a fire, the door closer 100 according to the invention can be used, for example as shown in the sectional view 2 can be seen, an electrical energy storage 16 for moving the closer piston 114 at least once against the force of the closer spring 116 from the starting position into the holding position. This energy storage 16 can be provided separately from control electronics 18, as shown. Alternatively and not shown, an integration of the energy storage 16 into the control electronics 18 of the door closer 100 according to the invention is also conceivable. The control electronics 18 is intended in particular to receive trigger signals and, based on this, to control the electric motor unit 12. In particular, the loss of an external power supply can be recognized by the control electronics 18 as a trigger signal.

The actuator 10 further includes, in particular, the electric motor unit 12 and the sliding mechanism 14 which can be driven by the electric motor unit 12 and which, as shown, can preferably be arranged in series with the closing piston 114 and the closing spring 116. Preferably can, as in the 2 until 5 shown, the sliding mechanism 14 includes an adjusting piston 20, which is also mounted axially displaceable and rotationally fixed in a receptacle of the housing 110 along the deflection direction 90.

A drive-effective connection of the electric motor unit 12 to the actuating piston 20 can preferably be formed by a threaded spindle 30 and its engagement in a corresponding internal thread 22 of the actuating piston 20, with a motor shaft 50 of the electric motor unit 12 engaging circumferentially in a form-fitting manner in the threaded spindle 30. The threaded spindle 30 and/or the internal thread 22 is preferably designed as a trapezoidal thread in order to be able to absorb or transmit particularly high forces.

The rotationally fixed reception of the adjusting piston 20 in the housing 110 can be ensured, for example, by arranging a common axis of the threaded spindle 30 and the internal thread 22 offset from a central axis of the adjusting piston 20. Alternatively or additionally, the actuating piston 20 can also be accommodated in the housing 110 in a form-fitting manner in the circumferential direction. The actual design of the rotationally fixed arrangement of the actuating piston 20 in the housing 110 is not shown in the figures.

The electric motor unit 12 can, as with reference to 1 already carried out, arranged outside the housing 110 of the door closer 100 according to the invention and attached to the front housing cover 40. In particular, the housing cover 40 can have a bearing 42, for example a needle bearing, for supporting the threaded spindle 20. A penetration of the housing cover 40 by the motor shaft 50, arranged inside the threaded spindle 30, enables a particularly compact structure of a door closer 100 according to the invention.

Like especially in the 2 , 3 can be seen in which the door closer 100 according to the invention is shown in a resting state with the closer piston 114 in its starting position, the actuating piston 20 only lies against the closer piston 114 in the deflection direction 90, as a result of which the sliding mechanism 14 is only coupled to the closer piston 114 in a force-transmitting manner on one side . This makes it possible for a manual opening movement of the door to continue to be possible before, during and after the closing piston 114 is moved by the actuator 10 from the starting position to the holding position, see for example 4 for a purely manually operated opening movement of the door. The closing piston 114 can lift off from the actuating piston 20 and move axially along the deflection direction 90 independently of it.

Furthermore, this also ensures that actuation of the electric motor unit 12 against the opening direction of rotation releases a driving connection between the actuator 10 and the closer piston 114, so that the electric motor unit 12 does not transmit any force to the closer piston 114. In other words, when the driving connection is released, the movement of the closer piston 114, driven by the closer spring 116, is released again and the door then closes automatically.

With the motor shaft 50 driven in the opening direction of rotation and the threaded spindle 30 rotating accordingly ( 5 ) causes the rotationally fixed mounting of the actuating piston 20 in the housing 110 that the actuating piston 20 moves along the deflection direction 90 on the threaded spindle 30, thereby abutting the closer piston 114 with its axial end, so that ultimately the closer piston 114 moves along the deflection direction 90 into its holding position is moved and then kept there. For this holding, the actuator 10 can preferably be designed to be self-locking, for example the electric motor unit 12 comprises a stepper motor and a planetary gear and is therefore already designed to be self-locking. Due to the design with a threaded connection formed by the threaded spindle 30 and the internal thread 22 of the adjusting piston 20, the sliding mechanism 14 is also designed to be self-locking.

Reference symbol list

10

Actuator

12

Motor unit

14

Sliding mechanism

16

Energy storage

18

Control electronics

20

actuating piston

22

inner thread

30

threaded spindle

40

Housing cover

42

camp

50

Motor shaft

90

Deflection direction

100

Door closer

110

Housing

112

closer shaft

114

Closer piston

116

Closer spring

Claims (16)

Door closer (100) for a door, comprising a locking mechanism which can be coupled to the door and is arranged in a housing (110) of the door closer (100), with an axially displaceable closer piston (114) and one which acts on the closer piston (114) in the closing direction of the door Closer spring (116), wherein in the mounted state of the door closer (100), a manual opening movement of the door displaces the closer piston (114) in a deflection direction (90) against a force of the closer spring (116) from a starting position and thereby in the closer spring (116) stores mechanical energy for a closing movement of the door, characterized in that the door closer (100) comprises an actuator (10) which has an electric motor unit (12) and a sliding mechanism (14) which can be driven by the electric motor unit (12), through which a rotary movement of the electric motor unit (12) in an opening direction of rotation can be converted into a translational movement of the closer piston (114), wherein when the electric motor unit (12) is actuated in the opening direction of rotation, the sliding mechanism (14) moves the closer piston (114) against the force of the Closer spring (116) moves from the starting position into a holding position in which the actuator (10) holds the door in an open position. Door closer (100) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the electric motor unit (12) and/or the sliding mechanism (14) are arranged in series with the closer piston (114) and/or the closer spring (116) in the deflection direction (90) of the closer piston (114). Door closer (100) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the sliding mechanism (14) is coupled to the closer piston (114) in such a way that a manual opening movement of the door is still possible while the closer piston (114) is pushed by the actuator (10) from the starting position into the holding position, in particular in that the sliding mechanism (14) is coupled or can only be coupled to the closing piston (114) in a force-transmitting manner on one side. Door closer (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding mechanism (14) is designed such that when the electric motor unit (12) is actuated against the opening direction of rotation, there is no driving connection between the actuator (10) and the closer piston (114 ) exists, so that the electric motor unit (12) does not transmit any force to the closer piston (114). Door closer (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (10) is designed to be self-locking, wherein preferably the electric motor unit (12) is designed to be self-locking, in particular the electric motor unit (12) comprises a stepper motor and a planetary gear, and/or the sliding mechanism (14) is designed to be self-locking. Door closer (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (10) comprises an electrical energy storage (16) for moving the closer piston (114) at least once against the force of the closer spring (116) from the starting position into the holding position. Door closer (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (10) comprises control electronics (18) for receiving trigger signals and, based thereon, for controlling the motor unit (12). Door closer (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the assembled state of the door closer (100), the holding position of the closer piston (114) corresponds to an opening angle of the door between 75° and 105°, preferably 90°. Door closer (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding mechanism (14) comprises an adjusting piston (20) which is arranged in the housing (110) on the side of the closer piston (114) directed counter to the deflection direction (90), axially displaceably mounted and connected to the electric motor unit (12) in a driving manner, the actuating piston (20) being displaced in the deflection direction (90) when the motor unit (12) is driven in the opening direction of rotation and thereby pushing against the closing piston (114) in order to push it against the Force the closer spring (116) to move into the holding position. Door closer (100) after Claim 9 , characterized in that the sliding mechanism (14) comprises a threaded spindle (30) which can be rotatably driven by the motor unit (12) and which engages in a corresponding internal thread (22) formed in the adjusting piston (20), the adjusting piston (20) being in the Housing (110) is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner in order to move the actuating piston (20) in the deflection direction (90) when the motor unit (12) is driven in the opening direction of rotation. Door closer (100) after Claim 10 , characterized in that the threaded spindle (30) and/or the internal thread (22) are designed in the form of a trapezoidal thread. Door closer (100) after Claim 10 or 11 , characterized in that a common axis of the threaded spindle (30) and the internal thread (22) is arranged offset from a central axis of the adjusting piston (20) in order to arrange the adjusting piston (20) in a rotationally fixed manner in the housing (110). Door closer (100) according to one of the above Claims 10 until 12 , characterized in that for the rotation-proof arrangement of the adjusting piston (20) in the housing (110), the adjusting piston (20) is received in the circumferential direction in a form-fitting manner in the housing (110). Door closer (100) according to one of the above Claims 10 until 13 , characterized in that the housing (110) is provided on the side opposite the deflection direction (90) with a housing cover (40) which has a bearing (42) in which the threaded spindle (30) is rotatably mounted. Door closer (100) according to one of the above Claims 10 until 14 , characterized in that the electric motor unit (12) is attached outside the housing (110) to the housing (110), in particular to the housing cover (40), with a motor shaft (50) of the electric motor unit having a driving effect with the threaded spindle (30). is connected to drive it rotatably. Door closer (100) after Claim 15 , characterized in that the electric motor unit (12) with its motor shaft (50), in particular through the housing cover (40), engages positively in the circumferential direction in the threaded spindle (30) in order to drive it rotatably.

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