DE102022203184A1 - Functional interface for machine tools - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a functional interface (300, 358), in particular HMI (302), designed to enable a configurable, advantageously adaptive soft start of a machine tool (10) by a user, in particular comprising means for setting (304, 306) and/or or switching off (308) the soft start for different operating stages (310), working setpoints (312) and/or load operating states (314) of the machine tool (10), advantageously different setpoints of a drive speed (312), stroke rate and/or drive, output and /or tool speed of the machine tool (10), advantageously comprising means for setting (304, 306) and/or switching on or off (308) the soft start together for several or optionally individually for different operating levels (310), work setpoints (312) and/ or load operating states (314) of the machine tool (10).

Description

State of the art

Functional interfaces for machine tools are already known. This allows drive parameters of a machine tool or aids such as a lighting unit or the like to be controlled.

Disclosure of the invention

The invention relates to a functional interface with the features of claim 1. Furthermore, a machine tool with a functional interface and a system comprising a machine tool, an external unit and a functional interface are proposed. Advantageous further training can be found in the dependent claims. Further details and advantages of the functional interface are described in the course of the description, especially from the last paragraph on page 19.

Below we will first discuss a method for operating a machine tool with a soft start, in particular with an adaptive soft start. Likewise, a corresponding machine tool or a system consisting of a machine tool and an external unit can be provided. Advantageously, the manufacturer no longer stores a fixed, unchangeable scratch threshold value, e.g. for the voltage of the drive motor of the machine tool, in the control unit of the machine tool, which, when exceeded, causes the machine tool to automatically - in particular not adaptively - change from a motion-throttled idle operation to a load operating state.

Adaptive should be understood as meaning a soft start that is variable or adapts to the respective operating conditions of the machine tool. The soft start advantageously adapts or changes or adapts automatically to different operating conditions of the machine tool and/or for the machine tool. In particular, a soft start adapted to the respective tool, the operating condition and/or the state of the machine tool can be made possible. For example, adapted to the mass or inertia of the respective driven or used tool or adapted to other tool properties and/or adapted to the respective setting, the condition and/or the orientation of the machine tool. The respective setting can be understood, for example, as the set motion-restricted idle speed. For example, in the case of a jigsaw, setting can also mean operation with or without a pendulum stroke or the strength of the pendulum stroke or the like. Condition is to be understood in particular as a running-in state - the drive train of a brand-new machine tool has, for example, a higher internal resistance - and/or a lubrication state of the machine tool, an internal resistance of the battery pack and/or the machine tool, in particular due to their operating temperature and/or the like. Orientation can be understood, for example, as the orientation of the machine tool in space, e.g. the tool points vertically downwards or towards the ground, vertically upwards or towards the sky or in a horizontal direction or across the side; or the machine tool has any orientation in between. The machining quality that can be achieved with the machine tool can advantageously be improved by the adaptive. In particular, the switching time or acceleration time between the motion-throttled idle operating state and the load operating state, in particular accelerated compared to the motion-throttled idle operating state, can be optimized. During operation, the machine tool advantageously no longer switches to the load operating state too early or too late or not at all, but at an improved time. This allows the machining or cutting quality that can be achieved with the machine tool to be increased.

The soft start characterizes a movement-throttled operation of the machine tool, in particular after switching on the machine tool, and subsequently, after detecting that a threshold value has been exceeded or fallen below, in particular a scratch threshold value, an accelerated operation of the machine tool, in particular a drive unit of the machine tool, advantageously one driven by the drive unit Machine tool driven output of the machine tool or a tool mounted on it. The threshold value is defined in the form of a characteristic physical parameter of the machine tool for scratching. The soft start can cause a workpiece to be scratched or the tool to initially penetrate into a workpiece at reduced tool speed; before the machine tool is transferred to a load operating state when there is complete workpiece contact and/or penetration of the tool into the workpiece. Tears and incorrect cuts can be avoided and the cutting quality and ease of use can be increased.

• • erfassen, insbesondere mittels einer Steuer- oder Regeleinheit der Werkzeugmaschine, zumindest einer physikalische Kenngröße der Werkzeugmaschine, insbesondere eines Motor- und/oder Batteriestroms der Werkzeugmaschine, während eines bewegungsgedrosselten Leerlaufbetriebszustands der Werkzeugmaschine,
• • ermitteln eines Schwellwerts, insbesondere Ankratzschwellwerts, insbesondere Motorstromankratzschwellwerts, basierend auf der erfassten physikalischen Kenngröße, insbesondere mittels der Steuer- oder Regeleinheit der Werkzeugmaschine,
• • versetzten einer Antriebseinheit der Werkzeugmaschine in einen Lastbetriebszustand bei erfassen eines Über- oder Unterschreitens des ermittelten Schwellwerts, insbesondere Ankratzschwellwerts.

A method for operating a machine tool with a soft start, in particular a hand-held machine tool, is advantageously provided with a oscillating or reciprocating output movement, for example a reciprocating saw, preferably a jigsaw or an oscillating multifunctional tool, comprising the following steps:

• • detect, in particular by means of a control or regulating unit of the machine tool, at least one physical parameter of the machine tool, in particular a motor and/or battery current of the machine tool, during a motion-throttled idle operating state of the machine tool,
• • determining a threshold value, in particular a scratch threshold value, in particular a motor current scratch threshold value, based on the recorded physical parameter, in particular by means of the control or regulating unit of the machine tool,
• • Put a drive unit of the machine tool into a load operating state when detecting that the determined threshold value, in particular the scratch threshold value, is exceeded or fallen below.

This provides a method for operating a machine tool with adaptive soft start. The physical parameter is advantageously recorded using a recording unit and the scratch threshold value is determined using an evaluation unit. The detection unit and the evaluation unit are advantageously a common unit, preferably the control or regulating unit of the machine tool, but could also be, for example, an external unit, in particular an external unit connected to the control or regulating unit of the machine tool.

The scratch threshold value is advantageously determined or calculated depending on or based on the determination of a base value of the physical parameter, in particular a base mean value. In particular, by determining a scratch threshold value that deviates from the base value in percentage or absolute value and setting it as a threshold value. The term fixed should be understood in particular to mean that the determined or calculated threshold value is stored in at least one buffer and/or the control or regulation unit, so that exceeding or falling below it can be reliably detected. Detecting whether the threshold value is exceeded or fallen below, in particular, is carried out by further detecting the physical parameter in particular by the detection unit and/or in particular by evaluating it by the evaluation unit and comparing it with the specified threshold value. The detection is advantageously carried out by the detection unit and/or a further detection unit. The detection unit thus monitors the physical parameter, advantageously continuously, in particular during operation of the machine tool. The load operating state is at least a state with increased movement speed of an output, or a tool that can be driven by the drive, or the drive unit, of the machine tool, compared to the motion-restricted idle operating state.

The invention is therefore based on a method for operating a machine tool with a soft start. The machine tool is initially operated in the motion-throttled idle operating state, or a motion-throttled idle operating state. In particular, corresponding to operation of the machine tool with reduced drive speed. In particular, at least initially free of external loads. If a physical parameter exceeds or falls below a threshold value or scratch threshold value, the machine tool is placed in a load operating state or a load operating motion state or is accelerated to it. In particular, the machine tool is at least controlled accordingly, even if resistance due to the machining of a workpiece is sometimes so high that at least an increased movement speed does not occur immediately. In particular, a provided current, a voltage and/or a speed of the drive unit is increased, or the drive unit is correspondingly energized or supplied with a corresponding power to achieve the load operating state. One could also say that a method for operating a machine tool with a soft start means operation with initially reduced drive, output and/or tool speed or speed or number of strokes or the like, before, in particular, when or after a force threshold is exceeded Power and/or current threshold of the machine tool, in particular the drive unit of the machine tool or the like; or if the drive, output and/or tool speed falls below the speed or number of strokes of the machine tool or the like, this is automatically put into a load operating state, so to speak.

The machine tool is advantageously operated immediately after switching on the machine tool in the motion-throttled idle operating state or idle motion state. A power, a speed, a current, a number of strokes and/or a drive, output and/or tool speed of the machine tool are reduced. On the other hand, it is in the load bet friction state or in the load operating motion state, a power, a speed, a current, a number of strokes and / or a drive, output and / or tool speed of the machine tool, at least compared to the motion-throttled idle operating state, increases, in particular a motor speed and / or a motor current of a drive motor of the machine tool is increased, advantageously many times greater than in the idle operating state or motion-restricted motion state.

The machine tool can in particular be a hand-held machine tool, advantageously with an oscillating output movement, for example a reciprocating saw, preferably a jigsaw, reciprocating saw or an oscillating multifunctional tool, such as “Bosch GOP 18V-28 Professional”. The machine tool is intended for machining workpieces, in particular for sawing machining workpieces. It can advantageously be transported by an operator without a transport machine. Other machine tools, for example with cutting, rotating, impacting operation or the like, are also conceivable in principle. The machine tool, in particular the portable machine tool or hand-held machine tool, in particular has a mass that is smaller than 40 kg, preferably smaller than 10 kg and particularly preferably smaller than 5 kg.

It is proposed that at least one physical parameter of the machine tool is detected in at least one method step by means of a detection unit. In particular, a physical parameter of a drive unit and/or an energy supply unit of the machine tool, for example a motor and/or battery current. However, another physical parameter can also be recorded, for example of an input or output train component and/or a machining tool of the machine tool. The detection takes place at least during a motion-restricted state of the machine tool, in particular an idle operating or motion state of the machine tool. The idle movement state corresponds to a state in which essentially only internal resistances of the machine tool, in particular in the connected state with the respective tool, act, but advantageously no external resistances and/or forces, in particular not essentially generated by the machining of a workpiece.

The detection unit can, for example, be designed as a sensor unit that includes at least one sensor and/or advantageously as a control or regulating unit of the machine tool, or the like. The detection unit can be designed as an external unit that detects the physical parameter and is at least indirectly connected to the machine tool or the control or regulating unit of the machine tool, in particular in a wireless or wired manner, in order to provide at least one detected signal for the machine tool to be able to tap or the detected signal To transmit data or information to the machine tool, or the like.

The physical parameter is advantageously recorded as a function of time. The physical parameter can advantageously be a current recorded in particular by the drive unit, in particular a motor or electric motor or a power supply unit, for example a battery or a battery pack or the like, for example a current controlled or regulated, monitored and/or detected by a control and regulation unit the drive unit and/or the power supply unit. The physical parameter can also be a speed, in particular of the drive unit, a drive train component, an input or output drive of the machine tool or the tool. It can also be an input or output speed or a tool speed or a number of strokes of the machine tool or a tool of the machine tool. The physical parameter can in principle also be a voltage, an airborne sound, a vibration, a battery vibration, a machine tool vibration and/or the like, which is advantageously suitable for changing an idle operating state of the machine tool from a different operating state, in particular a scratching operating state, in which a workpiece passes through a tool driven by the machine tool is scratched, or a load operating state.

A motion-throttled state is intended to mean, in particular, a state of the machine tool with reduced drive, output and/or tool speed and/or reduced speed and/or number of strokes. An idle motion state is intended to mean, in particular, a state during operation of the machine tool that is essentially free of external loads, for example due to the machining of a workpiece or the like, in particular a state in which the tool is not yet or at least not yet substantially in There is engagement with a workpiece to be machined. It is advantageous to have a state at least shortly or immediately after switching on the machine tool, sometimes delayed by a predetermined period of time, for example from 0.1 to 0.9 seconds, from the switch-on time, in particular by a switch-on peak of the physical parameter the later evaluation or assessment of the physical parameter for the purpose of forming, in particular for determining and setting, a base or threshold value of a physical parameter.

It is proposed that in at least one method step a base value is determined from the recorded physical parameter by means of an evaluation unit, in particular the open-loop or closed-loop control unit. This is in particular an idle value, advantageously an idle mean value of the physical parameter in the movement-throttled, in particular essentially load-free, movement state of the machine tool. An underlying asset can also be an underlying asset range that is different from other ranges. Depending on the determined base value, a threshold value that deviates from it, in particular a threshold value of the physical parameter that deviates from the base value in percentage or absolute value, advantageously a threshold value lying above or below the base value, advantageously a scratch threshold value, of the physical parameter, is determined. This is defined as a threshold value or scratch threshold value. The term fixed should be understood in particular to mean that the determined or calculated threshold value is stored or stored in at least one buffer and/or the control or regulation unit. The threshold value or scratch threshold value can also be a range of values that differs from other ranges of values. The determination or calculation advantageously takes place by the control or regulation unit. The determination method or determination method can advantageously be set by a user, for example by specifying a sensitivity or delay or a percentage or absolute value deviation of the threshold value from the determined base value. When it is detected that the determined or set threshold value is exceeded or fallen below, advantageously during further operation of the machine tool, a drive unit of the machine tool is put into a load operating state or load operating state of movement, in particular by means of the detection unit, advantageously by means of the control or regulating unit , or accelerated to this.

Because the physical parameter is recorded, in particular each time the machine tool is switched on again, so to speak, again and again, in idle operation, in particular in motion-restricted idle operation, the detection is adaptively tailored to the specific application and/or application conditions. The physical parameter is advantageously recorded immediately or at least briefly, in particular within seconds or milliseconds after switching on the machine tool or before the machine tool is operated under load. The measurement or base value and/or threshold value determination can also be repeated continuously, in particular as long as no exceeding or falling below the threshold value is detected, for example if the machine tool is operated in motion-restricted idle mode for a longer period of time. The threshold value can sometimes be replaced or overwritten by the newly determined threshold value.

The quality of the soft start can be increased. Cutting quality and ultimately user-friendliness and customer satisfaction can be increased. An improved soft start can advantageously be achieved regardless of the tool used, in particular the insert tool used, a selected setting, e.g. pendulum level, the lubrication status or the internal resistance of the machine tool or the battery and/or the like. The tool used can therefore have different properties, for example properties such as weight, material, length, width, thickness, diameter, shape, saw teeth, ribs, recesses, indentations or expressions and/or the like, which affect the size of the detectable physical parameter have. The soft start can thus be adaptively or automatically optimized for or tailored to different tools with different properties or for different states of the machine tool.

The evaluation unit represents in particular the control or regulation unit of the machine tool, but can also be designed by an external unit, for example a smartphone or mobile terminal or the like, in particular which is in wireless or wired communication with the control or regulation unit of the machine tool. A “control or regulation unit” is to be understood in particular as a unit with at least one control or regulation electronics. “Control or regulating electronics” is intended to mean, in particular, a unit with a processor unit and with a memory unit as well as with an operating program stored in the memory unit. The detection of an overshoot or undershoot of the determined or defined threshold value, in particular with the threshold value determined by the processor unit and at least temporarily stored in the memory unit, can be achieved in the event of a single overshoot or undershoot, in the event of an overshoot or undershoot over an advantageously automatically or manually adjustable period of time or an advantageously adjustable number of measurements or acquisitions or the like can be carried out. The external unit also advantageously has a processor unit with a storage unit and with an operating program stored in the storage unit.

The load operating state, or load operating movement state or also working operating state can in principle assume different load or work levels, in particular load or work levels that can be set or preset by a user, in particular that can be set by an operator. It typically differs from the motion-throttled operating or motion state with respect to a motion speed, in particular of the drive unit, the drive train and/or the output of the machine tool or the tool. In the motion-throttled state, a drive, output and/or tool speed or a speed or number of strokes of the machine tool is, advantageously, many times smaller than in the load operating motion state. For example, a jigsaw, here as an example of a machine tool, has 1-10 load operating speed levels, corresponding to a stroke rate of 800 and 3800 strokes per minute. The drive speed of the drive motor is typically higher due to the transmission by a gearbox at a fixed ratio - for example 5 to 10 times higher, in particular 7.5 times higher. The number of strokes can be set in a particularly configurable manner. A movement-restricted stroke rate could be, for example, 500-800 strokes/min. It can happen that in exceptional cases the idle speed or idle stroke number can also correspond to a load operating speed or load operating stroke number. A load operating state could then be the provision of a higher power or a higher current compared to idle operation in order to carry out activities. to be able to perform with a greater resistance or at a higher feed rate than in the idle operating state. However, a speed, number of strokes and/or the drive, output and/or tool speed of the machine tool is typically increased to a working setpoint in the load operating motion state. The load operating movement state is advantageously intended to enable rapid or optimal work progress in the workpiece - in particular depending on the cutting quality desired by the user. In the motion-restricted state, a workpiece can advantageously be scratched, in particular without causing severe tearing, for example of material on the workpiece surface, and/or to simply ensure that, for example, the cut is at the desired location, for example the location marked on the workpiece and not next to it, takes place.

It is proposed that when or for determining the threshold value or base value of the physical parameter, or when determining the scratch threshold value, a switch-on period of the machine tool is not taken into account, in particular a period of 1-1000 ms, advantageously 100-500 ms , in particular around 300 ms after switching on the machine tool is not taken into account. A switch-on period is to be understood as a period from the time the machine tool is switched on, i.e. from which, for example, a user switches on the machine tool in such a way that the drive unit of the machine tool is activated, in particular starts moving, or a tool of the machine tool is activated by the drive unit of the machine tool is set in motion. In particular, the recorded data or the measurement signal of the physical characteristic of the switch-on period for determining the threshold value and/or the base value are not taken into account and/or are not recorded at all. This can advantageously increase the accuracy of the underlying value formation. In particular, a falsification of the base or basic mean value is avoided, for example by excluding inrush current peaks. The physical parameter can be relatively volatile immediately after switching on or during the switch-on period and/or include disturbances or distortions that would not be conducive to precise base value or threshold value formation if they were taken into account. Alternatively and/or additionally, only a switch-on period could also be taken into account, especially if a physical parameter characteristic of the formation of the underlying value can be derived from it.

It is proposed that when or for determining the threshold value or base value, in particular for forming a base average, a detection period of the physical parameter of 10-1000 ms, advantageously 250-750 ms, in particular around 500 ms, is taken into account, in particular immediately after a switch-on period has elapsed, advantageously starting after 100-500 ms, in particular starting after around 300 ms from the time the machine tool is switched on. The average can also be determined as a moving average or using other methods. Advantageously, the physical parameter is relatively constant after the switch-on period and can therefore be determined with lower volatility and/or without major changes or disturbances. This increases the precision when determining the base value and consequently determining and setting the threshold value. Ultimately, the user-friendliness when using the machine tool is increased.

It is suggested that the motion-throttled, advantageously essentially load free, idle movement state of the machine tool, advantageous for a reciprocating saw, in particular a jigsaw, corresponds to a target speed of the drive unit of 2000 to 10,000 rpm, or an oscillation or stroke number of an output unit or tool holder of 250 to 1000 oscillations or strokes per Minute corresponds, in particular from 500-800 strokes / min, and / or the load operating movement state corresponds to a target number of strokes of the output or the tool holder of advantageously 800 to 3800 strokes / min, in particular preset in several, advantageously 2-10 stages of rotation - or stroke numbers.

It is proposed that when the machine tool is idle in the load operating motion state, for example by a characteristic change in the detected physical parameter, in particular reduction or increase in the physical parameter compared to load operation, in particular reduction of the motor or battery current, in particular via a, it is advantageous adjustable, minimum detection period, the machine tool is placed in a motion-throttled motion state, advantageously the motion-throttled idle motion state is reset. Thus, a speed, number of strokes and/or input, output and/or tool speed of the machine tool are reduced, in particular to the value of the original value of the motion-throttled idle motion state. A new base value and/or threshold value determination can advantageously be carried out and on the basis of which the previously determined and defined threshold value can be adjusted or overwritten, in particular in order to achieve a new or optimized one, in particular, independently of, for example, changed internal resistances, for example due to heating of the machine tool or the power supply device to enable adaptive soft start. However, the previously determined or defined threshold value can also be used again. The idling in the load operating motion state typically occurs after a load operating motion state with increased rotational speed or tool speed after the machine tool has been removed from the workpiece, for example after completion of a cut or work process. If the user does not switch off the machine tool until the next operation, this reduction is also advantageous at least for the energy consumption and/or the load on the machine tool. As a result, the load on the machine tool can be reduced, in particular a service life can be increased and/or energy consumption can be reduced and/or, above all, the precision of the soft start can be maintained, in particular automatically, over a number of work processes even without switching off the machine tool.

Furthermore, a machine tool is proposed, in particular a hand-held machine tool, advantageously a reciprocating saw, preferably a jigsaw, saber saw or an oscillating multifunctional tool, which is set up to carry out the aforementioned method. The machine tool includes at least one drive unit. It comprises at least one control or regulating unit at least for controlling or regulating the drive unit, advantageously for controlling or regulating the soft start. It also has a tool holder. This is advantageously driven via a drive train, in particular comprising the components from the drive unit to the tool holder, for example having a gear. The machine tool advantageously has a communication module in order to communicate with an external unit, in particular the functional interface and/or the Internet. The machine tool is advantageously a battery-operated hand-held machine tool. The machine tool advantageously has a detection unit for the time-dependent detection of a physical parameter of the machine tool, preferably for the time-dependent detection of a motor current, battery current and / or a motor speed or movement parameter of the drive unit. This detection unit is in particular the control or regulating unit of the machine tool, advantageously also functioning as an evaluation unit.

Furthermore, a system is proposed, comprising a machine tool, in particular a hand-held machine tool, advantageously a reciprocating saw, preferably a jigsaw, saber saw or oscillating multi-function tool, and comprising an external unit. The external unit is designed in particular as a functional interface or has one. In particular, it is a mobile terminal device comprising an application program set up to at least partially enable a configurable soft start of the machine tool, for example a smartphone. The machine tool is advantageously set up to carry out an adaptive soft start. The machine tool and the functional interface or the external unit are advantageously connected to one another, for example via a communication module. The machine tool and external unit or functional interface are advantageously set up to carry out the method for adaptive and/or configurable soft start.

A method is proposed below in which the soft start can be configured by a user of the machine tool. Method steps or features of this configurable soft start can be advantageously combined with features of the previous, in particular adaptive, soft start, but can also be independent be of it. Both the adaptive and the configurable soft start are particularly useful in machine tools without manual accelerator switches, i.e. in machine tools with an on/off switch and possibly an adjustment means or wheel or a comparable device for the preselection of operating levels or target operating parameters, in particular target speed levels Advantage. There, a soft start cannot be controlled or regulated manually by variably actuating an accelerator switch. Rather, the soft start takes place “automatically”, in particular at least indirectly controlled or regulated by the control or regulating unit of the machine tool.

A method for operating a machine tool with a soft start is proposed, in particular a hand-held machine tool, advantageously with an oscillating output movement, for example a reciprocating saw, preferably a jigsaw, reciprocating saw or an oscillating multifunctional tool, the machine tool being in a motion-restricted motion state in at least one method step, or Operating state, advantageously idle operating state, is operated and in a further method step a drive unit of the machine tool is automatically accelerated to a load operating state or load operating state of movement when exceeding or falling below a scratch threshold value is detected, in particular by a control or regulating unit of the machine tool .

It is proposed that the soft start be configurable by a user of the machine tool. Configurable should be understood to mean, in particular, changeable or adaptable. Setting or configuration means are provided for this. These can be provided on the machine tool and/or an external unit that is intended for communication with the machine tool. The soft start can be configured, changed or adapted to the conditions of the machining and/or properties of the workpiece to be machined and/or to the needs of the user. This can advantageously provide a soft start that is adapted to the respective material to be processed or the desired cutting quality. Materials such as soft Styrofoam or balsa wood or hard metal or solid wood, as well as workpiece geometries, such as thick or thin workpieces, can be effectively processed with soft start using the configurable soft start, especially because the machine tool does not respond to load operation too early, too late or not at all -Motion state accelerated. It can be matched, for example, to an angle of attack of a saw blade, for example resulting from a pendulum stroke setting, or matched to a material hardness or material thickness of a workpiece, or matched to a feed applied to the machine tool, and/or the like, not too early or too late or not at all , accelerated to load operation, but advantageously exactly in time. If, for example in the case of a jigsaw, the saw blade is not standing or moving vertically to the stroke axis or to the workpiece contact surface, but rather the tip of the saw blade or the row of saw teeth is inclined in the feed direction - for example due to the design or during pendulum operation - the soft start can be configured so that the saw blade or the machine tool is not already accelerated to load operation when it first scratches on the underside of the workpiece, although the user does not yet see any contact with the material on the top of the workpiece, but advantageously only later, i.e. when the saw blade is on both the underside and underside of the workpiece the top of the workpiece has also penetrated into the workpiece. Alternatively, for jigsaws comprising saw blades that have a negative angle of attack, i.e. having a blade tip or row of saw teeth that is inclined in relation to the stroke axis against the feed direction, this applies analogously. Acceleration to load operation can therefore take place with a delay, even though scratching has already been detected by a detection unit or a control or regulation unit. Due to the configurable soft start, the acceleration time can be delayed from motion-restricted idle operation to load operation or only occur when an increased force threshold is exceeded, and/or with an adapted acceleration function.
In this case, a drive speed or tool speed of the machine tool would advantageously not be increased too early.
Alternatively, with a thin and soft material, such as Styrofoam or balsa wood, the soft start could be configured or preset in such a way, in particular set so sensitively, that it remains reliable despite a low load on the saw blade, which would otherwise not be sufficient to exceed the scratch threshold value Switch to load mode and increase the speed of the drive unit or the number of strokes of the reciprocating saw accordingly. However, if the material is hard, such as metal, or if the workpiece is a thick hardwood or solid wood panel, the configurable soft start means that the transition to load operation cannot occur prematurely.

It is proposed that the soft start of the machine tool can be configured via a functional interface, advantageously an HMI, in particular a functional interface arranged on the machine tool and/or on an external device. For example, the functional interface and/or the external unit with the tool material Machine are connected wired or advantageously wirelessly, in particular connected to the control or regulating unit of the machine tool. In particular, the soft start can be configured via a corresponding application program (app) running on the external unit or a mobile device, for example on a smartphone or tablet. This can increase user comfort.

Advantageously, a functional interface, in particular with reduced setting options, can be arranged on the machine tool and a functional interface, in particular with more extensive setting options, can be arranged or executable on an external device that is connected to the machine tool. For example, the configuration of the soft start can be carried out for individual operating levels on the external device; these operating levels, for example 1 to 6, can then be activated or selected with a configured soft start on the functional interface of the machine tool. Advantageously, it is also displayed on the functional interface of the machine tool whether the soft start is activated for the respective operating level, and/or other properties of the configured soft start for the respective operating level are sometimes displayed or can be selected or set.

It is proposed that the soft start of the machine tool be adjustable and/or switched on or off for different work setpoints or different load operating states, for example different setpoints of a drive speed of the machine tool, number of strokes and/or drive, output and/or tool speed of the machine tool, can advantageously be set and/or switched on or off together for several or individually per working setpoint. This can increase user-friendliness.

It is proposed that a period of time for acceleration to the load operating motion state, in particular an acceleration period and/or a start of acceleration from detection of an exceedance or fall below the scratch threshold value, in particular a delay period, can be set. The setting can be made in particular relative, percentage or absolute value variable. Advantageously between a selectable or fixed period of time, for example from 0 to 2 seconds. In particular, the acceleration period and/or deceleration period can be changed continuously or in steps, for example in steps of 0.1 second, in 5% steps or the like. A setting is advantageously made jointly for several or optionally individually per working setpoint or load operating movement state and/or can be switched on or off per working setpoint or load operating movement state. The usability of the soft start for different materials and/or operating conditions can be increased. The delay allows the user, for example, to complete a cut on the edge of the workpiece with reduced movement and only accelerate to load operation when the workpiece has penetrated sufficiently deeply. The acceleration period allows the user to accelerate quickly or slowly to load operation, for example. In this way, requirements for workpiece processing and/or working conditions and/or workpiece or tool properties can be addressed in a differentiated manner.

It is proposed that an acceleration curve, in particular an acceleration function, be adjustable, in particular having a linear, exponential curve designed as a root function or as a function with a saddle point. This means that the soft start can be configured even better depending on the application. This also expands the adaptability of the machine tool for a wide variety of work applications.

It is suggested that the sensitivity of the soft start can be adjusted. In particular in the form of a height or a duration of exceeding or falling below the scratch threshold value and/or by measuring a number of measured values above or below a scratch threshold value. And/or in the form of a deviation of the scratch threshold value from the base value. And/or in the form of a value range, the scratch threshold or base values. The sensitivity can be achieved, for example, by a relative specification on the functional interface, for example in particular gradually selectable between easy or heavy or fast and slow. A control or regulation unit can, for example, convert this into a corresponding percentage or absolute value deviation of the scratch threshold value from an advantageously recorded and determined base value of a physical parameter of the machine tool. For example, by specifying a relative value from low to high or by specifying a percentage of a deviation of the scratch threshold value from a base value or the like, for example from 2.5% to 60%, in particular from 5% to 30% of the base value, advantageously adjustable in 1%. Adjust the sensitivity in steps and/or by specifying an absolute value deviation, for example a motor current threshold range of 0.25A to 5A from a base motor current value or base motor value range, advantageously 0.5A to 3A, in particular adjustable in 0.1A steps. The scratch threshold value and the base value also mean value ranges. This also means that, for example, thick, thin, soft or hard workpieces e.g. metal, versus balsa wood or hardwood versus. Press chipboard can be processed even more effectively with a soft start, especially because the machine tool does not accelerate to a load operating motion state too early, too late or not at all.

It is proposed that a sensitivity for detecting or evaluating a physical parameter characteristic of the soft start can be adjusted, for example by specifying a determination method for forming a threshold value, in particular by selecting the averaging method, for example by forming the moving average, the period for averaging the recorded values of the physical parameter or the like.

In addition, a combination of at least two or more of the proposed soft start configurations is advantageously proposed, in particular a setting together for several or optionally individually per working setpoint of, for example: ability to switch the soft start on or off, acceleration period and / or delay period or an acceleration curve to the load operating state and / or a sensitivity of the adaptive soft start, in particular when detecting a physical parameter and / or the percentage or absolute value deviation of a scratch threshold value from a base value.

In the following, a functional interface, in particular HMI, or a computer program for the functional interface, in particular a mobile terminal, is proposed, set up to enable a configurable, advantageously adaptive, soft start of a machine tool by a user, advantageously the aforementioned adaptive and/or configurable soft start. The machine tool is advantageously a hand-held machine tool, in particular a reciprocating saw, preferably a jigsaw, reciprocating saw or an oscillating multifunctional tool. The functional interface comprises means for setting and/or switching on or off the soft start for different operating levels, working setpoints and/or load operating states, advantageously different setpoints of a drive speed, number of strokes and/or drive, output and/or tool speed of the machine tool, advantageously comprising means for setting and/or switching on or off the soft start together for several or optionally individually for different operating levels, working setpoints and/or load operating states of the machine tool. The functional interface is advantageously arranged on an external device or the machine tool or formed by it or it, advantageously at least partially arranged or formed on both. In particular, it can be a smartphone or tablet with a user interface and an application program that is set up to enable configurable soft start. The external device, in particular the smartphone or tablet, is at least indirectly connected to the machine tool, in particular a control or regulating unit of the machine tool, in particular for data exchange, advantageously of input and output data. In principle, it can be connected to the machine tool wirelessly, but also via wire. It can advantageously be coupled or connected wirelessly to a communication module of the machine tool or is connected to the machine tool via it. It is used to transmit and/or receive data or to exchange data, especially with an external unit.

The means for setting and/or switching on or off the soft start can include switching, adjustment and/or operating elements. Graphical input and output elements are advantageously provided for interaction with a user. They are shown in particular on a display and are at least partially provided by an application or control program that is executed on the functional interface and/or the external unit or device or the control or regulation unit. The application program can also be at least partially executable on a control or regulating unit of the machine tool. The functional interface is advantageously provided for data processing, in particular comprising means for executing a method for enabling the configurable soft start. A computer program comprising commands which, when the program is executed by a computer, causes it to carry out the method for enabling the configurable soft start is also proposed.

It is proposed that a number of operating levels, working setpoints and/or load operating states can be selected and/or a working setpoint can be set or selected between a predetermined maximum and minimum value for the working setpoint. In particular, the functional interface includes means so that a number of different operating levels, working setpoints and/or load operating states can be selected and/or a working setpoint can be set or selected between a predetermined maximum and minimum value for the working setpoint. This means that individual settings for the soft start can be easily made for different operating or work setpoints of the machine tool. Time can be saved when changing operating levels, especially when changing operating levels directly on the tool machine that are already preconfigured for soft starting.

It is proposed that an acceleration period and/or deceleration period be used to shift the machine tool, in particular from the detection of a scratch threshold value (172) being exceeded or undershot, in particular from a motion-throttled idle operating state (144), into a load operating state from the detection of an overshoot or Falling below a scratch threshold value can be set, in particular relatively, e.g. slowly, quickly, and / or variable in percentage or absolute value, advantageously between 0 and 2 seconds. Acceleration period is a period of time for acceleration from a movement-throttled, in particular idle, operating state to a working setpoint and / or Understand load operating status. A delay period is to be understood as the period of time at which acceleration begins to reach a working setpoint and/or load operating motion state from the detection of a scratch threshold value being exceeded or fallen below. The acceleration and/or deceleration period can be set in particular continuously or in steps of, for example, 0.1 sec. The setting is advantageously carried out jointly for several or optionally individually per working setpoint and/or load operating movement state or can be switched on or off. This allows the cutting quality, in particular the tear-out behavior, to be improved, depending on the workpiece material used and/or other properties that influence the soft start.

It is proposed that a course of the acceleration, in particular an acceleration function, be adjustable or selectable, in particular by selecting appropriate graphic or descriptive symbols, for example comprising a selection of a linear, exponential course of the acceleration designed as a root function or as a function with a saddle point, advantageously together for several or optionally individually per operating level, working setpoint and/or load operating motion state. In particular, the functional interface includes setting or selection means for this. This can improve the tear-out behavior depending on the workpiece geometry used, its material or other properties.

It is proposed that a sensitivity of the soft start be adjustable, in particular in the form of a duration of exceeding or falling below a scratch threshold value and/or a specification of a relative sensitivity of the juice start. For example, adjustability can be achieved by relative, percentage or absolute value deviation of a scratch threshold value from a base value of a physical parameter of the machine tool, in particular in a motion-throttled, advantageously idle operating state of the machine tool. It can be done by specifying the sensitivity relatively, for example from low to high, or by specifying a deviation of the scratch threshold value from an advantageously recorded base value. It can also be done by specifying an absolute value deviation, for example a motor current threshold value of 0.25A to 5A from a base motor current value, advantageously 0.5A to 3A, in particular adjustable in 0.1A steps. In particular, the functional interface includes adjustment means, for example haptic or optical control or adjustment slides or the like. The expression “value” here should also include a range of values.

It is proposed that a sensitivity for detecting or evaluating a physical parameter characteristic of the soft start can be set, for example by specifying a determination method for forming a threshold value, in particular by selecting the averaging method, for example by selecting the averaging method, e.g. by forming the moving average, Specification of a period of time for averaging the recorded values of the physical parameter, or the like.

Advantageously, two, advantageously three, preferably four or five of the aforementioned setting options for the configurable soft start can be selected on the functional interface, for example to enable optional setting, advantageously optional setting per working setpoint, of at least two functions in combination, i.e. the ability to switch the soft start function on or off , the time for increasing or the course for increasing the motor current, the power, the speed, the number of strokes and/or the drive, output and/or tool speed to the working setpoint and/or the sensitivity for detecting the physical parameter or the percentage or absolute value deviation of the threshold value from the base value can be set.

• - einen Verbindungszustand eines die Funktionsschnittstelle bereitstellenden externen Geräts mit der Werkzeugmaschine und/oder eine Aktivierung oder Deaktivierung einer Verbindung mit der Werkzeugmaschine;
• - einen Namen, eine Eigenschaft und/oder einen Zustand der Werkzeugmaschine;
• - eine Auswählmöglichkeit für eine Anzahl von auf der Funktionsschnittstelle und/oder einer Funktionsschnittstelle der Werkzeugmaschine zur Verfügung stehende Betriebs- und/oder Solldrehzahlstufen, insbesondere wobei eine Veränderbarkeit dieser zur Verfügung stehende Betriebs- und/oder Solldrehzahlstufen gesperrt werden kann;
• - eine Anzeige und/oder Einstellmöglichkeiten einer Solldrehzahl je Betriebsstufe; eine Aktivierung oder Deaktivierung des Sanftanlaufs zumindest für eine, insbesondere mehrere, vorteilhaft alle Solldrehzahlen und/oder Betriebsstufen; eine Sensitivität und/oder einen Verzögerungszeitraum des Sanftanlaufs, insbesondere gemeinsam für alle Solldrehzahlen und/oder Betriebsstufen, alternativ auch wahlweise einzeln je Solldrehzahlen und/oder Betriebsstufen;
• - eine Kickback- oder Fallabschaltung für die Werkzeugmaschine;
• - eine Maschinenlicht Einstellmöglichkeit, insbesondere zur An- und Ausschaltung, Einstellung der Helligkeit und/oder Aktivierung /Deaktivierung eines Stroboskopbetriebs;
• - eine Eigenschaft, insbesondere eine Helligkeit oder Tastenbelegung einer Funktionsschnittstelle unmittelbar an der Werkzeugmaschine, insbesondere eines HMI an der Werkzeugmaschine;
• - eine Füllstandsanzeige der Batterie bzw. des Akkupacks der Werkzeugmaschine.

A functional interface is also proposed which includes at least one, advantageously several, of the following further display, selection and/or setting options:

• - a connection state of an external device providing the functional interface with the machine tool and/or an activation or deactivation of a connection with the machine tool;
• - a name, a property and/or a status of the machine tool;
• - a selection option for a number of on the functional interface and/or one Operating and/or target speed levels available to the functional interface of the machine tool, in particular wherein a changeability of these available operating and/or target speed levels can be blocked;
• - a display and/or setting options for a target speed for each operating level; an activation or deactivation of the soft start for at least one, in particular several, advantageously all target speeds and / or operating stages; a sensitivity and/or a delay period of the soft start, in particular together for all target speeds and/or operating levels, alternatively also individually for each target speeds and/or operating levels;
• - a kickback or fall shutdown for the machine tool;
• - a machine light setting option, in particular for switching on and off, adjusting the brightness and / or activating / deactivating a stroboscope operation;
• - a property, in particular a brightness or key assignment of a functional interface directly on the machine tool, in particular an HMI on the machine tool;
• - a fill level indicator for the battery or battery pack of the machine tool.

It is proposed that the functional interface comprises at least one optical adjustment slide, in particular shown on a touchscreen surface, which is designed to be displaceable between a minimum and a maximum setpoint, in particular for determining a drive speed, the sensitivity of the soft start and/or a delay period, in particular a Delay period for accelerating the machine tool to load operation after detecting that a scratch threshold value has been exceeded or fallen below.

It is proposed that at least when a soft start is activated, a symbol for setting further properties of the soft start appears on the functional interface, in particular for setting further properties of the soft start, for example in a submenu of the application program, advantageously with regard to setting the sensitivity and/or the delay period, advantageously represented on the functional interface, in particular based on the execution of an application program.

The output of at least one signal when the (scratch) threshold value is exceeded and/or during the detection/determination of the base and/or threshold value is proposed, in particular an acoustic, optical and/or haptic signal, for example output by the machine tool or the functional interface signals.

It is proposed that after the machine tool is switched off and switched on again within a minimum rest period, the machine tool is immediately put into a, in particular, advantageously adjustable, load operating movement state. On the other hand, after the minimum rest time has been exceeded, the machine tool is initially operated again with a soft start, i.e. until a scratch threshold value is exceeded in the motion-throttled idle operating state. Sometimes the user stops the machine tool or switches it off in the middle of machining a workpiece, for example to reach around or the like, and so after restarting the machine tool he can continue machining without a soft start. Since such “processing breaks” are often less than a specified minimum rest time, this functionality can increase user-friendliness. The minimum rest period can also be advantageously adjustable.

A method is proposed for operating a machine tool (10) with a soft start, in particular a hand-held machine tool (12), advantageously with an oscillating or reciprocating output movement (14), for example a reciprocating saw (16), preferably a jigsaw (18), a saber saw or an oscillating multifunctional tool (19), wherein in at least one method step (140) by means of a detection unit (22), in particular a control or regulating unit (20) of the machine tool (10), at least one physical parameter (142) of the machine tool (10), in particular a motor and/or battery current (24) of the machine tool (10) is detected during a motion-restricted idle operating state (144) of the machine tool (10), characterized in that in at least one further method step (140) by means of an evaluation unit (152) , in particular the control or regulating unit (20) of the machine tool (10), based on the detected physical parameter (142), a threshold value (172) of the physical parameter (142), in particular a scratch threshold value, is determined and that during further operation of the machine tool (10) when the determined threshold value (172) is detected, at least one drive unit (40) of the machine tool (10) is placed in a load operating state (184), in particular with a movement throttle th idle operating state (144) increased movement speed.

It is proposed that the threshold value (172) is determined by using the evaluation unit (152) to determine a base value (154), in particular a base mean value, from the recorded physical parameter (142), and depending on the determined base value (154), a threshold value (172) that deviates from this, advantageously a threshold value (172) that deviates in percentage or absolute value from the base value (154), is determined, in particular is calculated.

It is proposed that when determining the threshold value (172) or the base value (154), a switch-on period (156) of the machine tool (10) is not taken into account, in particular a period of 1-1000 ms, advantageously 100-500 ms, in particular around 300 ms from a switch-on time (158) of the machine tool (10).

It is proposed that when determining the threshold value (172) or the base value (154), a detection period (160) of the physical parameter of 10-1000 ms, advantageously 250-750 ms, in particular around 500 ms, is taken into account, in particular immediately after a switch-on period (156) has elapsed, advantageously starting after 100-500 ms, in particular starting after around 300 ms, from the time the machine tool (10) is switched on (158).

It is proposed that the motion-throttled idle operating state (144) of the machine tool (10), advantageously the reciprocating saw (16), in particular the jigsaw (18), be a target speed of the drive unit (40) of 2000 to 10,000 rpm or an oscillation or Number of strokes of an output unit (36) of 250 to 1000 oscillations or strokes/min, in particular of 500-800 strokes/min, advantageously of around 500 or 800 strokes/min; and/or that the load operating state (184) of the machine tool (10), advantageously the reciprocating saw (16), has a target speed of the drive unit (40) of 6000-30000 rpm or a stroke rate of the output unit (36) of 800 to 3800 strokes/ min corresponds, in particular preset in several, advantageously 2-10 operating levels (310).

It is proposed that when an idle state (186) of the machine tool (10) is detected in the load operating state (184), for example by a characteristic change in the detected physical parameter (142), in particular a reduction or increase in the physical parameter compared to a load operation, in particular with workpiece intervention of the tool, advantageously reducing the motor or battery current (24), in particular over an advantageously adjustable minimum detection period, the machine tool (10) is placed in a motion-throttled operating state, advantageously the motion-throttled idle operating state (144) is reset.

It is proposed that when the threshold value (172) or scratch threshold value is exceeded, and/or during the detection and/or determination (140, 150) of a base and/or threshold value (154, 172), a signal, in particular an acoustic one , optical and / or haptic signal is output, in particular on the machine tool (10), on a functional interface (300, 358) and / or on an external unit (30), for example on an output field (382) of the machine tool (10).

It is proposed that after the machine tool (10) is switched off and switched on again within a minimum rest time, the machine tool (10) is immediately put into the load operating movement state (184), in particular accelerated, in particular into a variably adjustable load operating movement state (184), in particular without first being put into the motion-restricted idle operating state (144).

Furthermore, a machine tool (10) is proposed, in particular a hand-held machine tool (12), advantageously a reciprocating saw (16), preferably a jigsaw (18), a reciprocating saw or an oscillating multi-function tool (19), set up to carry out the aforementioned method.

Furthermore, a system is proposed comprising a machine tool (10), in particular a hand-held machine tool (12), advantageously a reciprocating saw (16), preferably a jigsaw (18), reciprocating saw or oscillating multifunctional tool (19), and comprising a functional interface (300) and/or an external unit (30), in particular a mobile terminal, for example a smartphone (303), in particular with an application program, set up to carry out an aforementioned method.

A method is proposed for operating a machine tool (10) with a soft start, in particular a hand-held machine tool (12), advantageously a reciprocating saw (16), jigsaw (18), reciprocating saw or an oscillating multi-function tool (19), in particular wherein at least one drive unit (40 ) the machine tool (10), at least after switching on the machine tool (40), is operated in a motion-throttled idle operating state (144) and subsequently, after detecting an over- or If a physical parameter (142), for example a motor current (24), a voltage (146) and/or a speed of the drive unit (40), falls below a threshold value (172), in particular a scratch threshold value, the drive unit (40) automatically switches to an idle operating state (144) which is throttled in relation to the movement ) accelerated load operating state (184), characterized in that the soft start of the machine tool (10), in particular by a user of the machine tool (10), is configurable, in particular via a functional interface (300, 358), advantageously an HMI (302) , in particular a functional interface (300) formed on the machine tool (10) and/or on an external device (301) can be configured, in particular in that the soft start is for different work setpoints (312) or different load operating states (314), for example different setpoints (312 ) a drive speed of the machine tool (10), a number of strokes and / or a drive, output and / or tool speed of the machine tool (10), adjustable and / or switched on or off, advantageously adjustable together for several or optionally individually per work setpoint and/or can be switched on or off.

It is proposed that a period of time for acceleration to the load operating state (184), in particular an acceleration period (326) and/or a start of acceleration, in particular a deceleration period (328), begins from the detection of a threshold value or scratch threshold value being exceeded or fallen below (172), is adjustable, in particular adjustable relative, percentage or absolute value, advantageously between 0 and 2 seconds, in particular continuously or in steps of 0.1 seconds or 5% steps between 0 and 100% corresponding to 0 to 2 seconds , can advantageously be set and/or switched on or off together for several or individually per working setpoint (312).

It is proposed that the course of the acceleration (330), in particular an acceleration function (332), be adjustable, in particular having a linear (202), exponential (204), designed as a root function (206) or as a function with a saddle point (208). Course.

It is proposed that a sensitivity (334) of the soft start can be adjusted, in particular in the form of a duration of exceeding or falling below the threshold value or scratch threshold value (172) and/or a number of measurements above or below the threshold value and/or or a specification of a relative, percentage or absolute value deviation (174) of the threshold value (172) from an advantageously recorded or determined base value (154) of a physical parameter (142) of the machine tool (10), for example by relative specification from low to high or percentage specification of a deviation (174) of the threshold value (172) from a base value (154), for example from 2.5% to 60%, in particular from 5% to 30% of the base value, advantageously adjustable in 1% increments and / or by Absolute value deviation specification, for example a motor current threshold value of 0.25A to 5A from a base motor current value, advantageously 0.5A to 3A, in particular adjustable in 0.1A steps.

It is proposed that a sensitivity for detecting or evaluating a physical parameter (142) characteristic of the soft start can be set, for example by specifying a determination method for forming a threshold value (172), in particular by selecting the averaging, for example by forming the moving average, the period for averaging the recorded values of the physical parameter.

It is proposed that when the threshold value (172) or scratch threshold value is exceeded, and/or during the detection and/or determination (140, 150) of a base and/or threshold value (154, 172), a signal, in particular an acoustic one , optical and / or haptic signal is output, in particular on the machine tool (10), on a functional interface (300, 358) and / or on an external unit (30), for example an output field (382) on the machine tool (10).

It is proposed that after the machine tool (10) is switched off and switched on again within a minimum rest time, the machine tool (10) is immediately put into the load operating movement state (184), in particular accelerated, in particular into an adjustable load operating movement state (184), in particular without to be previously placed in the motion-throttled idle operating state (144).

A functional interface (300, 358), in particular HMI (302), is proposed to be set up to enable a configurable, advantageously adaptive soft start of a machine tool (10) by a user, in particular comprising means for setting (304, 306) and/or or switching off (308) the soft start for different operating stages (310), working setpoints (312) and/or load operating states (314) of the machine tool (10), advantageously different setpoints of a drive speed (312), stroke rate and/or drive, output and /or tool speed of the machine tool (10), advantageously comprising means for adjusting (304, 306) and/or switching on or off (308) the soft start together for several or optionally individually for different operating levels (310), working setpoints (312) and/or load operating states (314) of the machine tool (10).

It is proposed that a number of different operating levels (310), working setpoints (312) and/or load operating states (314) can be set and/or selected and/or a working setpoint (312) between a predetermined minimum and maximum value (323, 325 ) can be set or selected for the working setpoint (312).

3 It is proposed that an acceleration period (326) and/or deceleration period (328) be set in order to put the machine tool (10) into a load operating state (184) as soon as a threshold value (172), in particular a scratching threshold value, is detected being exceeded or fallen below - or is selectable, in particular adjustable or selectable relative, percentage or absolute value, advantageously between 0 and 2 seconds, advantageously adjustable or selectable together for several or optionally individually per working setpoint (312) and/or load operating state (314).

It is proposed that a course of the acceleration (330), in particular an acceleration function (332), be set to set the machine tool (10) into a load operating state (184), in particular once a threshold value (172) has been exceeded or fallen below. or is selectable, in particular having a linear (202), exponential (204), designed as a root function (206) or as a function with a saddle point (208), advantageously adjustable or selectable together for several or optionally individually per operating level (310), Working setpoint (312) and/or load operating motion state (314).

5. Functional interface (300, 358) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sensitivity (334) of the soft start can be set or selected, in particular in the form of a duration of exceeding or falling below a threshold value (172) and / or by specifying a relative, percentage or absolute value deviation (174) of a threshold value (172), if the machine tool (10) is exceeded or fallen below which is put into load operation, from a base value (154) of a physical parameter (142).

It is proposed that a sensitivity for detecting or evaluating a physical parameter (142) characteristic of the soft start can be set or selected, for example by specifying a determination method for forming a base or threshold value (172), in particular by selecting the averaging method of a base - or threshold value (172), for example by forming a moving average of recorded values of a physical parameter (142) and / or a period of recording or evaluating values of a physical parameter (142) for the averaging.

It is proposed that at least when the soft start is activated, a symbol for setting further properties of the soft start appears on the functional interface (300), in particular for setting further properties, advantageously a sensitivity and/or a delay period.

1. a. einen Verbindungszustand (338) eines die Funktionsschnittstelle (300) bereitstellenden externen Geräts mit der Werkzeugmaschine (10) und/oder eine Aktivierung oder Deaktivierung einer Verbindung (318) mit der Werkzeugmaschine (10);
2. b. einen Namen (340), eine Eigenschaft und/oder einen Zustand (342) der Werkzeugmaschine (10);
3. c. eine Auswählmöglichkeit (344) für eine Anzahl von auf der Funktionsschnittstelle (300) und/oder einer Funktionsschnittstelle (358) der Werkzeugmaschine (10) zur Verfügung stehenden Betriebs- und/oder Solldrehzahlstufen (310, 312), insbesondere wobei eine Veränderbarkeit dieser zur Verfügung stehende Betriebs- und/oder Solldrehzahlstufen (310, 312) gesperrt werden kann;
4. d. eine Anzeige- (350) und/oder Einstellmöglichkeiten (346) einer Solldrehzahl (312) je Betriebsstufe (310); eine Aktivierung oder Deaktivierung (308) des Sanftanlaufs zumindest für eine, insbesondere mehrere, vorteilhaft alle Solldrehzahlen (312) und/oder Betriebsstufen (310); eine Sensitivität (334) und/oder einen Verzögerungszeitraum (328) des Sanftanlaufs, insbesondere gemeinsam für alle Solldrehzahlen (312) und/oder Betriebsstufen (310), alternativ auch wahlweise einzeln je Solldrehzahl (312) und/oder Betriebsstufe (310);
5. e. eine Kickback- und/oder Fallabschaltung (352) für die Werkzeugmaschine (10);
6. f. eine Maschinenlicht Einstellmöglichkeit (354), insbesondere zur An- und Ausschaltung und/oder Einstellung der Helligkeit des Maschinenlichts und/oder Aktivierung/Deaktivierung eines Stroboskopbetriebs des Maschinenlichts;
7. g. eine Eigenschaft (356), insbesondere eine Helligkeit oder Tastenbelegung einer Funktionsschnittstelle (358) unmittelbar an der Werkzeugmaschine (10), insbesondere eines HMI an der Werkzeugmaschine (10);
8. h. eine Füllstandsanzeige (360) der Batterie bzw. des Akkupacks (60) der Werkzeugmaschine (10).

It is proposed that the functional interface (300, 358) comprises at least one, advantageously several, of the following further display, selection and/or setting options:

1. a. a connection state (338) of an external device providing the functional interface (300) with the machine tool (10) and/or an activation or deactivation of a connection (318) with the machine tool (10);
2. b. a name (340), a property and/or a state (342) of the machine tool (10);
3. c. a selection option (344) for a number of operating and/or target speed levels (310, 312) available on the functional interface (300) and/or a functional interface (358) of the machine tool (10), in particular wherein these can be changed standing operating and/or target speed levels (310, 312) can be blocked;
4. d. a display (350) and/or setting options (346) of a target speed (312) for each operating level (310); an activation or deactivation (308) of the soft start for at least one, in particular several, advantageously all target speeds (312) and/or operating stages (310); a sensitivity (334) and/or a delay period (328) of the soft start, in particular together for all target speeds (312) and/or operating stages (310), alternatively also individually for each target speed (312) and/or operating stage (310);
5. e. a kickback and/or fall shutdown (352) for the machine tool (10);
6. f. a machine light setting option (354), in particular for switching on and off and/or adjusting the brightness of the machine light and/or activation/deactivation of a strobe operation of the machine light;
7. G. a property (356), in particular a brightness or key assignment of a functional interface (358) directly on the machine tool (10), in particular of an HMI on the machine tool (10);
8. H. a fill level indicator (360) of the battery or battery pack (60) of the machine tool (10).

Furthermore, a machine tool (10), in particular a hand-held machine tool (12), advantageously a reciprocating saw (16), preferably a jigsaw (18), a reciprocating saw or an oscillating multi-function tool (19), with an aforementioned functional interface (300, 358) is proposed.

Furthermore, a system comprising a machine tool (10) and an external unit is proposed, in particular a mobile terminal (30), comprising at least one aforementioned functional interface (300, 358, in particular wherein the at least one functional interface (300, 358), advantageously a functional interface ( 300, 358) on the machine tool (10) and/or the external unit (30), is/are intended to be connected to a control or regulating unit (20) of the machine tool (10), advantageously, the functional interface (300) is designed as a mobile terminal, in particular a smartphone (303) or tablet with an app or functional application and is intended to be connected wirelessly to at least one communication module (62) of the machine tool (10).

Drawing:

• 1 shows a machine tool 10 in a perspective view. 2 shows the machine tool 10 1 in a sectional view. The machine tool 10 is a hand-held machine tool 12. It is a reciprocating saw 16. It is a jigsaw 18. The jigsaw 18 is designed as a rod-shaped jigsaw 48. This differs from a bow-shaped jigsaw (not shown here), which typically has a handlebar. A manual accelerator switch is typically arranged on the handlebar of bow-shaped jigsaws, with which a drive or tool speed can be controlled manually, which sometimes makes an automatic soft start obsolete. But even machine tools with manual accelerator switches could in principle have an automatic soft start.

The machine tool 10 shown has an on/off switch 50. In addition, the machine tool 10 has a device 52 for selecting different target operating parameters, in particular operating levels or speed levels. This allows different operating levels of a drive unit 40 of the machine tool 10 or stroke speed levels of an output 36 of the machine tool to be selected. The machine tool 10 has an energy supply device 58. Here is a battery pack 60 or a removable battery pack - to put it simply, a replaceable battery. It is therefore a battery-operated or rechargeable electric machine tool. In principle, the machine tool could also be powered by the mains. The machine tool 10 has the drive unit 40. It has a control or regulating unit 20. This controls or regulates at least the drive unit 40 and/or the energy extraction from the battery pack or the power provision for the drive unit, in particular by controlling or regulating the current or voltage provided. Furthermore, the machine tool 10 has a communication module 62. This is intended to exchange data with an external unit or to be connected to it. In particular, settings, operating parameters, data and sometimes other things can be exchanged with an external unit. The communication module is advantageously set up to send and/or receive data, for example via Bluetooth or another network protocol. The machine tool 10 drives a tool holder 64. The drive movement is transmitted by a drive train 38. The drive train 38 converts the rotating drive movement of the drive unit 40 into an oscillating output movement 14 of the output 36 or the tool holder 64, in particular by means of a gear (such as 2 emerges). The gear ratio is advantageously 5 - 10, here 7.5. Corresponding here: 7.5 motor revolutions result in a lifting movement. The drive unit 40 is designed as an electric motor, in particular as an EC motor. A tool 66, here a replaceable saw blade 68 or jigsaw blade, is inserted into a tool holder 64 of the machine tool. The saw blade 68 can optionally be operated with a pendulum stroke, in particular with an adjustable pendulum stroke. Saw blades 68 with different inertias, weights, geometries and/or other properties can be inserted into the tool holder 64. The drive train 38 of the machine tool can have different internal resistances. Be it because of its running-in and/or lubrication condition, because of tolerances between different machine tools of the same type and/or because of other conditions. Also the battery or battery pack 60 can have different internal resistances depending on the operating temperature.

Furthermore, the jigsaw 18 has an adjustable lateral guide 70 for the saw blade 68. This pliers-like guide can be adjusted via an adjustment mechanism 72. This can lead to increased sliding resistance for the saw blade 68, for example if the saw blade 68 is to be prevented from running by means of a narrow pliers guide or if the cutting precision is to be increased, or the like. This sliding resistance for the saw blade 68 can also be assigned to the internal resistances of the jigsaw 18, since it can also act when the jigsaw 18 is idling.

3 shows a method for operating a machine tool 10 with, in particular, an adaptive soft start, in particular for operating a hand-held power tool 12, advantageously with an oscillating output movement 14, for example a reciprocating saw 16, preferably a jigsaw 18, a saber saw or an oscillating multifunctional tool 19. The method In principle, it could also be intended for the operation of machine tools, in particular hand-held machine tools, with rotating, oscillating or other input or output movements. It is advantageously intended for machine tools 10 without a manual accelerator switch. In particular, it is intended for machine tools 10 with an on/off switch 50. Advantageous for machine tools 10 with on/off switch 50 and a device 52 for selecting different target operating parameters of the machine tool, in particular target speeds or operating levels, in particular for different load operating states. Particularly preferably, the method is provided for operating machine tools with an adaptive, configurable or adjustable soft start and/or for operation with a functional interface, in particular for setting a soft start. The following is an example of the method for operating the machine tool 10 or the jigsaw 18 1 and 2 explained.

In a step 100, according to 3 the machine tool 10 is switched on, for example via an on/off switch 50. Also compare the time to the 4 .

In a step 110, a control or regulating unit 20 of the machine tool 10 checks a setting value, here a target speed value for a load operating movement state 184 of the drive unit 40 or the output 36. Here it is, for example, 3800 strokes/min or corresponding to the 7th .5 times the number of revolutions per minute of the drive unit. Alternatively, other values would also be conceivable for a jigsaw 18, here for example stroke rates between 800 to 3800 strokes/min or corresponding speeds of the drive unit 40.

For example, four, six or eight advantageously preconfigured or configurable operating stages 310 can be selected on the machine tool. The respectively set or selected operating level 310 can be used, for example, via a display 368 of a functional interface 358 of the machine tool 10 (cf. 8th ) are displayed. Using a button 370, different operating levels 310 can advantageously be selected or set according to different load operating states, or operating speeds or rotational speeds of the machine tool 10. The functional interface 358 on the machine tool 10 can also offer further selection or display options. For example, a work light of the machine tool 10 can be switched on and off via a button 372. Activation (display fields 374) or deactivation (display fields 376) of the work light can be displayed via the display fields 374, 376. Further setting options or information can be output via the display fields 378, 380 - for example, further information is available in an application program of an external device connected to the machine tool (display fields 378) and/or it can be displayed whether a soft start is active or deactivated (display fields 380 ) is. An output field 382 can, for example, signal that a base value and/or threshold value determination is currently taking place - as explained later - or the like.

Setting values for the operating levels 358 can advantageously be made by a user via an external functional interface 300 or an external unit 30. Presettable or configurable setting values are advantageously target values for the load operating state of movement 184 of the machine tool 10 - in particular target values for a number of strokes of the output 36 or the tool 66 or saw blade 68 or a speed of the drive unit 40. Alternatively or additionally, it could also be an operating level can be selected by a user or automatically, for which the corresponding target speed or target stroke rate values are stored in the control or regulating unit 20. These settings can advantageously be made on a functional interface 358 of the machine tool 10 and/or the external functional interface 300 or the external unit 30. The external functional interface 300 or the external unit 30 can advantageously be connected/connected to the machine tool 10 via a communication module 62. The external functional interface 300 or unit 30 is in particular as a mobile terminal, advantageously as a smartphone cf. 5 or tablet educated. It includes a corresponding application program or an app - i.e. a computer program comprising commands which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause it to enable the aforementioned and subsequent functionality of the external unit. As an alternative to the stroke or speed value, another characteristic physical parameter of the machine tool, for example a torque, a power, a current, a movement of a drive train component, a number of strokes and/or a drive, output and/or tool speed or the like, can also be used as a setting value serve.

In a step 120 it is checked, in particular by the control or regulating unit 20, whether a soft start is activated, in particular for the specified load operating movement state or the selected operating level, here the 3800 strokes/min of the output 36 or the corresponding one Target load speed of the drive unit 40.

If the soft start is activated, in a step 130 the number of strokes 132 of the output or the speed of the drive unit 40 - gear ratio between drive unit 40 and output 36 is 7.5 - in 4 the number of strokes 132 is plotted - the machine tool 10 is in a motion-restricted idle operating or idle motion state 144 (cf. 4 ) accelerates. The machine tool 10 is therefore put into this state - here around 800 strokes/min corresponding to 6000 rpm of the drive unit 40. See also 4 , from which the acceleration period to to t ₁ and the period t ₁ to t ₄ in which the machine tool is operated with motion throttles emerge. Stroke rates of 250 to 1000 strokes/min, advantageously 500, 700, 800 or 1000 strokes/min, would also be typical for the jigsaw 18 for the motion-throttled idle operating or idle motion state 144. Deviating stroke numbers or speeds for the motion-throttled idle operating or idle motion state 144 could, for example, be called up or loaded in a step 125 by the control or regulating unit 20, advantageously entered via the functional interface 300. In the motion-throttled idle operating state 144, the number of strokes 132 is kept as constant as possible (as well as from 4 emerges). If the soft start were not activated, in a step 200 the number of strokes 132 is set directly or sometimes after an adjustable delay and/or other adjustable parameters to the target load number of strokes or the load operating state 184, here from 3800 strokes/min corresponding to 38500 RPM of the drive unit 40, accelerated.

In a step 140, at least one physical parameter 142 of the machine tool 10 is detected by means of a detection unit 22, in particular the open-loop or closed-loop control unit 20 of the machine tool 10, at least during the motion-throttled idle operation or idle movement state 144 of the machine tool 10, for example the voltage 146 and/or or the motor current 24 and/or the battery current. Here the motor current 24 is specifically recorded by the control or regulating unit. In principle, the detection unit 22 could also be a sensor unit. Comprising at least one sensor or one sensor element; possibly also comprising filters and/or further electronic components, in particular for pre-processing and/or evaluating a sensor signal. The detection unit 22 could also be an external sensor or an external sensor unit, for example at least comprising a microphone, a vibration meter, an optical sensor and/or the like, which is connected to the open-loop or closed-loop control unit 20 of the machine tool 10 and/or an evaluation unit at least in a wireless or Wired connection stands, at least in order to record a physical parameter and to make the measured and / or pre-evaluated data available to a control or regulation unit, in particular the control or regulation unit 20 of the machine tool 10. A microphone could, for example, distinguish characteristic workpiece scratching noises from noises of idle operation and/or the complete engagement operation of the tool in the workpiece, in particular by means of information about reference noises for the different states or the like stored in the evaluation unit, for example. In principle, the external sensor unit could even issue control or regulation commands to the machine tool 10. The external sensor unit could in particular be the functional interface 300, in particular comprising an application program provided for data exchange with the machine tool. A sensor could, for example, also be a resistance sensor for a sensor circuit or the like powered by the control or regulating unit 20, which, for example, supplies a sensor signal representative of the physical parameter 142 to be detected. In the present example, the motor current 24 of the machine tool 10 is used as a characteristic physical parameter. He becomes like in 4 shown, during the motion-throttled idle operating or idle movement state 144 of the machine tool 10 by the control or regulating unit 20 of the machine tool 10, which also controls or regulates the drive unit 40, here the electric motor.

In a step 150, an evaluation unit 152, which here also controls the control or Control unit 20, a base value 154 is determined from the recorded physical parameter 142 - here by means of a moving average over a defined recording period 160. Potentially also repeatedly during the period 182 until a threshold value 172 determined and updated for each repeat determination is exceeded for the first time (here time t ₃ ) . When determining the base value 154 of the physical parameter, there is advantageously a switch-on period 156 of the machine tool 10 (approximately between t ₀ and t ₁ cf. 4 ) is not taken into account. The switch-on period 156 is advantageously 100-500 ms from the switch-on time t ₀ of the machine tool 10. However, it could also be variable - for example adjustable in a step 155 by a user or automatically adjusted and set by the control or regulating unit 20. Advantageously recognized as variable and/or adjusted - for example based on characteristic measured variables and/or sensor signal curves when accelerating the machine tool 10, for example based on recognized inertia of the tool, or delays during the initial acceleration of the drive unit 40 or the output 36 or the like. The switch-on period 156 could also be automatically adjusted depending on a set motion-throttled idle speed, in particular so that at least the drive train of the machine tool is placed in a largely uniform and/or constant state of motion depending on the idle speed to be achieved. The switch-on period 156 could possibly also be determined and set based on a self-learning algorithm or the like, in particular in order to keep or select a switch-on period as short as possible, but as long as necessary, in particular so that the most accurate or unadulterated ( i.e. without outlier measurements) base or threshold value - i.e. without disturbance variables - can be determined. Here, the switch-on period 156 is around 300 ms from a switch-on time 158 of the machine tool 10. For the determination of the base value 154 or threshold value 172, in particular to form a base mean value, a detection period 160 of the physical parameter 142 is advantageously 250-750 ms, here in particular around 500 ms is taken into account. In the present case, the period t ₁ to t ₂ is fixed, but could also be variably adjustable, for example in a step 165 - for example adjustable by a user or advantageously automatically recognized and/or adjusted by the control or regulating unit 20 - for example by characteristic ones Measurement or sensor signal curves, possibly also using a self-learning algorithm or the like, in particular in order to select the recording period as short as possible but as long as necessary (so that a precise or reliable base value can be determined). Various averaging methods are conceivable for forming the base value 154, in particular common ones - for example moving average, weighted average or the like. Here, the arithmetic mean value of the motor current 24 over the detection period 160, here 500 ms, is formed as the mean value. This in particular immediately after the switch-on period 156 has expired, here starting after around 300 ms (at time t ₁ ) after the switch-on time t ₀ or after the time t ₀ of a switch-on 158 of the machine tool 10. As a result, current peaks 162, in particular switch-on current peaks of the electric motor current , and/or discontinuities of the physical parameter 142 during the switch-on period 156 remain unconsidered. The accuracy of the base value 154 is increased. By accurately determining the base value or threshold value, the soft start can ultimately be operated or ended more sensitively, more precisely and/or more precisely, or the machine tool 10 can be transferred from the movement-throttled to the load operating state more sensitively, more precisely and/or more precisely.

In a step 170, depending on the determined base value 154, a deviating threshold value 172, in particular a percentage or absolute value deviating threshold value 172 of the physical parameter 142, is determined - here in particular determined by the control or regulating unit 20. This is defined as a threshold value 172, here in particular stored or stored accordingly in a memory of the control or regulating unit 20. A deviation 174 of the threshold value 172 from the base value 154 can advantageously be set by a user. The deviation 174 can be set, for example, via a sensitivity 176. The deviation 174 is advantageously adjustable relative, percentage or absolute value, in particular as a so-called sensitivity 176, advantageously adjustable for a large number of presettable target load operating states, in particular by means of or via a functional interface 300, advantageously a mobile terminal. Compare this too 5-7 .

In the present case, the determined threshold value 172 for the motor current 24 is above the determined base value 154. The extent of the deviation of the threshold value 172 from the determined base value 154 can advantageously be set as a so-called sensitivity 176, as will be explained later. When using, for example, a speed or stroke rate signal as a physical parameter 142, a speed threshold value that is lower than the base value would also be conceivable as a threshold value 172, in particular when specifying a throttled idle motor current to be kept constant, but when operating the machine tool with variable speed or number of strokes. Here it would be assumed that with a constant motor current but increased resistance on the tool due to scratching on a workpiece, the speed or movement speed of the drive unit drops when scratching. Therefore, a threshold value for the physical parameter can in principle also be exceeded or fallen short of. When detecting vibrations or noises as a characteristic physical parameter 142, a vibration or noise threshold above a base value 154 could be set. This is only intended to show a few examples of the use of various physical parameters, but is not an exhaustive list.

In a step 180, the open-loop or closed-loop control unit 20, advantageously also as a detection unit 22 of the physical parameter 142, monitors the motion-restricted motion state, here the motor current 24 in the idle operating or idle motion state 144 of the drive unit 40, here during further operation of the machine tool 10 at least during the period 182 (cf. t ₂ to t ₄ of 4 ). It advantageously compares the currently recorded and/or averaged physical parameter 142 with the threshold value 172 for the physical parameter 142. If the threshold value 172 is not exceeded or fallen below, the idle operating or idle movement state 144 is continued. The comparison of the currently recorded physical parameter 142 with the threshold value 172 is continued or repeated continuously. Optionally, a step 185 would also be possible, after which steps 140, 150, 170, 180 are repeated, for example if the motion-restricted idle operating or idle motion state 144 lasts over a longer period of time, for example over 20, 30 or 60 seconds or another period of time lasts. This could advantageously be signaled to a user during the period of the initial and/or renewed base value 154 and threshold value 172 determination or determination, for example visually via the output field 382, haptic/tactile, auditory and/or the like. This signaling function, for example via an output or the output field 382, could therefore also take place without multiple determination.

In a step 190, the physical parameter 142 detects whether the specified threshold value 172 is exceeded or fallen below, for example when the tool 66 of the machine tool 10 scratches a workpiece. Compare the period t ₃ to t ₄ of 4 , whereby the motor current 24 exceeds the threshold value 172. Exceeding the defined threshold value 172 is specifically recorded here. This can, for example, be exceeded for the first time, exceeded in a number of measurements, exceeded for a certain period of time, for example (cf. t ₃ to t ₄ of the 4 ) and/or an average value of the measurement, for example of 10-100 ms, being exceeded. A fall below the threshold value could also advantageously be detected using another physical parameter, for example a drop in voltage 146. By recording several physical parameters at the same time, the security with which a respective threshold value is exceeded or fallen short of is detected could advantageously be improved or made redundant. The machine tool and an external unit could also each record a physical parameter. If both units simultaneously detect a threshold value being exceeded or fallen below, reliability could also be increased. Depending on the situation or environmental conditions, one or more physical parameters could optionally be recorded and used individually or jointly for, in particular, adaptive soft start control of the machine tool.

In step 200, the drive unit 40 of the machine tool 10, here the electric motor, is then accelerated to the load operating motion state 184. A stroke number 132 of the machine tool 10 or a motor speed of the drive unit 40 is accelerated to the working setpoint, here 3800 strokes/min or 38500 rpm, or the machine tool is placed in the load operating state or load operating movement state 184. Alternatively, a motor current, a power, a number of strokes and/or a drive, output and/or tool speed or the like could also be specified as a target variable for the load operating movement state. The acceleration to the load operating movement state 184 can advantageously also take place with a delay, in particular with an adjustable delay, for example after an adjustable delay period, for example of 0-2 seconds - cf. t ₃ to t ₄ of the 4 , in particular after the threshold value 172 has been exceeded for the first time by the recorded physical parameter. The delay setting can advantageously be made on a functional interface 300 for all or the respective preset load operating movement state.

The acceleration function 332 (cf. 10 ) can be adjustable, for example having a linear 202, exponential 204, as a root function 206 or as a function with a saddle point 208 (cf. 10 ). This setting could be made in a step 195, for example in which the control or regulation unit checks whether corresponding delay settings and/or acceleration function settings have been specified by the user, in which case these would then be taken into account in the control or regulation of the machine tool 10.

In a step 210, if an idle 186 is detected (cf. between t ₆ and t ₇ , 4 ) of the machine tool 10 in load operating mode supply state 184, for example by a characteristic change in the detected physical parameter 142, in particular reduction of the motor or battery current 24, in particular over an advantageously adjustable minimum detection period (not shown in detail here), the machine tool 10 can be placed in a motion-restricted motion state, advantageously the motion-throttled idle operating or motion state 144 can be reset. The machine tool 10 could thus be returned to the state of step 130 and steps 140 to 200 could advantageously be repeated.

4 illustrates recorded physical parameters 142 when carrying out the aforementioned method. Accordingly, this could also apply to other operating levels and/or settings for soft starting, in particular a configured and/or adaptive soft start. The physical parameters 142 correspond to the values recorded in a test with a machine tool 10 designed as a jigsaw 18, which are shown in relative terms. The time is plotted on the abscissa, and values for the measured voltage 146, the motor current 24 and the number of strokes 132 are shown in relative size on the ordinate. In particular, the voltage signal is shown for a limited range of values for better visibility - i.e. shown exaggerated. Since this is an experimental setup, the measurement begins before the machine tool is switched on t ₀ and does not end when the machine tool 10 is switched off t _7. In the period before t ₀ , the speed is 0, the voltage is constant according to the pole voltage of the battery pack , and the current is close to 0 due to the measurement and fluctuates slightly. At time t ₀ the machine tool 10 is switched on. The motor current 24 is increased, the number of strokes 132 is increased to motion-restricted idle operation and the voltage 146 drops slightly. The current 142 and the voltage signal 146 reveal an inrush current or a voltage peak 162, 164. In addition to what has already been explained above in the description of the process, some further aspects should be pointed out below. The scratching of the workpiece from time t ₃ is visible in both the current 142 and voltage signal 146. The control or regulating unit 20 keeps the speed or number of strokes 132 of the machine tool 10 constant. Due to the increased resistance on the workpiece from time t ₃ , the control or regulating unit 20 has to increase the motor current 24 in order to keep the speed or the number of strokes 132 constant and thereby exceeds the threshold value 172. The more precise (e.g. due to fewer outliers, a more constant Signal or a narrower signal spread etc.) the base value 154 can be determined, the smaller (without causing false triggers) the threshold value 172 can deviate from the base value 154, the more sensitively an exceeding or falling below the threshold value of the physical parameter 142 can be detected. This is helpful, for example, for detecting scratches in balsa wood or another low-resistance workpiece.

With regard to the measured variables in the period t ₄ to t ₅ , where the speed or stroke number 132 is increased from motion-throttled to load operation, it is clear that the motor current signal 24 and the voltage signal 146 have corresponding current or voltage peaks that are caused by the acceleration of the Drive unit 40 is caused to operate under load. The workpiece is processed in the period t ₅ to t ₆ . The speed or number of strokes 132 is kept constant by the control or regulating unit 20, the current 24 fluctuates according to the work conditions, material conditions (cutting conditions), the feed selected by the user of the machine tool and sometimes many other boundary conditions such as stroke reversal in the jigsaw etc. The voltage 146 drops over time in this period t ₄ to t ₅ due to the energy consumption of the battery (exaggerated because it is only shown as a section of a value range) - this effect would probably not be visible with mains devices. From time t ₆ the workpiece machining or cutting is finished. The machine tool 10 is still in the load operating state and moves at an increased or constant speed or stroke number 132 or operating speed. However, the machine tool 10 is now idle. The motor current 24 drops to a value between the motion-restricted idle operation and the load operation processing the workpiece. The voltage 146 regenerates slightly. If this idle operating state lasts at the target speed or in basic load operation, for example over a predetermined period of time, the control or regulating unit 20 could also return the machine tool 10 back to an idle operating state 144, in particular the motion-restricted idle operating state. For example, at time t ₁ or t ₂ , depending on whether the base or threshold value formation should be repeated, or with the previously determined base or threshold value, a new soft start until the next “scratch” is detected - according to the previously described method “should be repeated. At time t ₇ , the machine tool is switched off, the speed or stroke rate 132 drops to 0 with a slight delay due to the inertia of the drive train 38, the motor current 24, in particular if no current braking is used by the drive unit 40, drops immediately and the voltage 146 regenerates after switching off.

• • erfassen, insbesondere mittels einer Steuer- oder Regeleinheit 20 der Werkzeugmaschine 10, zumindest einer physikalische Kenngröße 142 der Werkzeugmaschine, insbesondere eines Motorstroms 24 der Werkzeugmaschine 10, während eines bewegungsgedrosselten Leerlaufbetriebszustands 144 der Werkzeugmaschine 10,
• • ermitteln eines Ankratzschwellwerts 172, insbesondere Motorstromankratzschwellwerts, basierend auf der erfassten physikalischen Kenngröße 142, insbesondere mittels der Steuer- oder Regeleinheit 20,
• • versetzten einer Antriebseinheit der Werkzeugmaschine in einen Lastbetriebszustand bei erfassen eines Über- oder Unterschreitens des ermittelten Ankratzschwellwerts.

The 5 until 7 illustrate that a soft start can be configured by a user of the machine tool 10, in particular in connection with a functional interface 300, which is here exemplarily designed as an external unit that can be connected to the machine tool 10, here wirelessly to the communication module 62. Alternatively, it could also be a functional interface formed on the machine tool 10, in particular one that exceeds the functionality of the functional interface 358 shown on the machine tool 10. Here, the soft start is to be understood, in particular more generally than the "adaptive" soft start, that a control or regulating unit switches a drive unit of the machine tool into a load operating state when it detects that a threshold value or scratch threshold value is exceeded or fallen below, in particular a characteristic physical parameter. offset. How this threshold value or scratch threshold value is formed is initially irrelevant. However, process steps or features of this so-called “configurable” soft start can be advantageously combined with the features of the aforementioned “adaptive” soft start. An adaptive soft start is understood to mean at least one method for operating a machine tool comprising the following steps:

• • detect, in particular by means of a control or regulating unit 20 of the machine tool 10, at least one physical parameter 142 of the machine tool, in particular a motor current 24 of the machine tool 10, during a motion-throttled idle operating state 144 of the machine tool 10,
• • determining a scratch threshold value 172, in particular a motor current scratch threshold value, based on the detected physical parameter 142, in particular by means of the control or regulating unit 20,
• • Put a drive unit of the machine tool into a load operating state when it detects that the determined scratch threshold value is exceeded or fallen below.

Both the adaptive and the configurable soft start are particularly advantageous in machine tools 10 without a manual accelerator switch, in particular with an on/off switch 50. The method is designed to operate a machine tool 10 with a soft start, in particular a hand-held machine tool 12, advantageously with an oscillating output movement 14, for example a reciprocating saw 16, preferably a jigsaw 18, reciprocating saw or an oscillating multi-function tool 19, wherein the machine tool 10 in at least one method step in a motion-throttled motion state or operating state, advantageously idle operating state or idle motion state 144, and in a further method step a drive unit 40 of the machine tool 10 is automatically accelerated to a load operating state 184 or load operating motion state when exceeding or falling below a Scratch threshold value 172 is detected, in particular by a control or regulating unit 20 of the machine tool 10. The soft start can be configured by a user of the machine tool 10, for example by making settings for the soft start via a functional interface 300, advantageously an HMI, in particular a functional interface 300 arranged on the machine tool and/or on an external device 301. The functional interface 300 can be in connection 318 with the machine tool 10 in a wired or advantageously wireless manner, in particular in connection 318 with the control or regulating unit 20 of the machine tool 10. In particular, the soft start can be configured via an app on a smartphone 303 or tablet.

5 shows a functional interface 300, in particular an HMI 302. It is an external unit 30, here a smartphone 303 with a corresponding application program (app). The functional interface 300 is set up to enable a configurable, advantageously adaptive, soft start of a machine tool 10 by a user. It is advantageous to generally configure the aforementioned adaptive soft start or a soft start of a machine tool by a user. The machine tool 10 is advantageously a hand-held machine tool 12, in particular a reciprocating saw 16, preferably a jigsaw 18, a reciprocating saw or an oscillating multifunctional tool 19. The functional interface 300 comprises means for setting 304, 306 and/or switching on or off 308 of the soft start, in particular for different operating levels 310 , working setpoints 312 and/or load operating states 314, advantageously different working setpoints 312 of a drive speed, stroke rate and/or drive, output and/or tool speed of the machine tool, advantageous for setting 304, 306, and/or switching the soft start on or off together for several or optionally individually per operating level 310, working setpoint 312 and/or load operating state. The functional interface 300, 358 is advantageously provided by an external unit 30 and/or arranged on the machine tool 10, advantageously at least partially redundantly on both. In particular, the functional interface 300 can be a smartphone 303 or tablet with an application program that enables the configurable soft start, for example via a user interface 316. The external unit 30, in particular the smartphone 303 or tablet, is at least indirectly connected to the machine tool 10, in particular a control or regulating unit 20 of the machine tool 10, in connection 318, in particular for data exchange, advantageously from input and /or output data. The functional interface 300 can in principle be connected 318 to the machine tool 10 wirelessly, but also via wire, in particular via WLAN, Bluetooth, Zigbee or other networks.

The means for setting 304, 306 and/or switching on or off 308 of the soft start can include switching or operating elements, advantageously comprising graphic input and output elements for interaction with a user, in particular shown on the user interface 316 or a display 320 and at least partially provided by an application or control program that is executed on the functional interface and/or the external device 301. This allows an intuitive configuration of the soft start. The application program or functions thereof can also be at least partially executable on a control or regulating unit 20 of the machine tool 10. The functional interface 300 is advantageously provided for data processing, in particular comprising means for executing a method for enabling the configurable soft start. A computer program comprising commands which, when the program is executed by a computer, causes it to carry out the method for enabling the configurable soft start is also proposed.

A number of operating levels 310, working setpoints 312 and/or load operating states 314 can be selected, for example in the input and/or output window 322. A working setpoint 312 can be set or selected between a predetermined maximum and minimum value 323, 325 for the respective working setpoint 312 . This allows individual settings for the soft start to be made for different operating levels or work setpoints 312 of the machine tool 10. Time can be saved for setting the soft start when changing operating levels 310, in particular via the functional interface 358 - in particular when changing operating levels 310 directly on the machine tool 10, in particular via the device 52, since this is already preconfigured with regard to the setting of the soft start via the Functional interface 300 are.

An acceleration period 326, for example between t ₄ and t ₅ after 4 , and/or a delay period 328, for example between t ₃ and t ₄ after 4 , for putting the machine tool into a load operating state 184 from detection of a scratch threshold value 172 being exceeded or undershot, here for example at time t ₃ , is adjustable, in particular relatively adjustable, for example between short and long or variable in percentage or absolute value, advantageously between 0 and Adjustable for 2 seconds. For this purpose, the functional interface 300 points as in 7 shown in the soft start settings (ASC Settings 346) the option to choose a setting between short and long in the area called Delay 324 (Delay). Acceleration period 326 is to be understood as a period of time for acceleration from a motion-restricted, in particular idle, operating state 144 to a working setpoint and/or load operating state 184. A delay period 328 is to be understood as the period of time at which the drive unit 40 begins to accelerate to a working setpoint 312 and/or load operating motion state 184, starting from the detection of a scratch threshold value 172 being exceeded or undershot. The acceleration and/or deceleration period 328 can be set in particular continuously or in steps - for example of 0.1 sec or 5% or 0.3 sec or 20% or the like. The setting is advantageously carried out jointly for several working setpoints 312 and/or load operating motion states 184, as in 7 shown, or optionally individually for each working setpoint 312 and/or load operating motion state 314. The soft start can be switched on or off, for example via the selection means 308 in 6 . An individual setting for each working setpoint 312 could be configurable using a setting symbol for each working setpoint 312, which, when pressed, leads to a submenu - for example, analogous to that of 7 . This would allow the soft start to be adjusted individually and to have a positive influence on breakaway behavior for different working setpoints 312. Time for the user could be saved for defining or configuring the soft start for each operating level.

A curve of the acceleration 330, in particular an acceleration function 332, could be as in 10 displayed, for example in another submenu or the following 7 supplemented by this function, adjustable or selectable, in particular having a linear 202, exponential 204, designed as a root function 206 or as a function with a saddle point 208, advantageously together for several or optionally individually per operating level 310, working setpoint 312 and / or load operating Movement state 314 can be set or selected.

It is proposed that a sensitivity 176, 334 of the soft start be adjustable, in particular in the form of a duration of exceeding or falling below a scratch threshold value and/or a specification of a relative sensitivity of the juice start-up. In 7 For example, a user can set the sensitivity 334 between low and high. In particular by moving a slider 336. A user could also specify a relative, percentage or absolute value deviation of a scratch threshold value 172 from a base value 154 of a physical parameter 142, in particular base value 154 of a physical parameter 142 of the machine tool 10 in the motion-throttled operating state, in particular motion-throttled idle operating state 144. This base value would advantageously be a recorded and determined base value 154 of the physical parameter 142 of the machine tool 10, in particular in accordance with the aforementioned method for operating a machine tool with adaptive soft start.

Not shown here, a sensitivity for detecting or evaluating a physical parameter 142 characteristic of the soft start can also be adjustable, for example by specifying a determination method for forming a threshold value, in particular by selecting, for example, the averaging method, e.g. forming the moving average, of a period of time for the averaging of the recorded values of the physical parameter, or the like.

• - einen Verbindungszustand 338, hier mit „connected“ bezeichnet, eines die Funktionsschnittstelle 300 bereitstellenden externen Geräts 301, hier Smartphones 303 mit der Werkzeugmaschine 10 und/oder eine Aktivierung oder Deaktivierung einer Verbindung mit der Werkzeugmaschine 10;
• - einen Namen 340, eine Eigenschaft und/oder einen Zustand 342 der Werkzeugmaschine 10;
• - eine Auswählmöglichkeit 344 für eine Anzahl von auf der Funktionsschnittstelle und/oder einer Funktionsschnittstelle der Werkzeugmaschine zur Verfügung stehende Betriebsstufen 310 und/oder Arbeitssolldrehzahlen 312, insbesondere wobei eine Veränderbarkeit dieser zur Verfügung stehende Betriebsstufen 310 und/oder Solldrehzahl 312 gesperrt werden kann;
• - eine Anzeige 350 und/oder Einstellmöglichkeiten 346 einer Solldrehzahl 312 je Betriebsstufe 310; eine Aktivierung oder Deaktivierung bzw. Zu- oder Abschaltung 308 des Sanftanlaufs zumindest für eine, insbesondere mehrere, vorteilhaft alle Betriebsstufen 310 und/oder Solldrehzahlen 312; eine Sensitivität 334 und/oder einen Verzögerung 324 bzw. ein Verzögerungszeitraum 328 des Sanftanlaufs, insbesondere gemeinsam für alle Betriebsstufen 310 und/oder Solldrehzahlen 312, alternativ auch wahlweise einzeln je Solldrehzahlen und/oder Betriebsstufen;
• - eine Kickback- oder Fallabschaltung 352 für die Werkzeugmaschine 10;
• - eine Maschinenlicht Einstellmöglichkeit 354, insbesondere zur An- und Ausschaltung, Einstellung der Helligkeit und/oder Aktivierung /Deaktivierung eines Stroboskopbetriebs;
• - eine Eigenschaft 356, insbesondere eine Helligkeit oder Tastenbelegung einer Funktionsschnittstelle 358 unmittelbar an der Werkzeugmaschine 10, insbesondere eines HMI an der Werkzeugmaschine 10;
• - eine Füllstandsanzeige 360 der Batterie bzw. des Akkupacks der Werkzeugmaschine 10.

The functional interface 300 advantageously includes at least one, advantageously several, of the following further display, selection and/or setting options:

• - a connection state 338, here referred to as “connected”, of an external device 301 providing the functional interface 300, here smartphones 303, with the machine tool 10 and/or an activation or deactivation of a connection with the machine tool 10;
• - a name 340, a property and/or a state 342 of the machine tool 10;
• - a selection option 344 for a number of operating levels 310 and/or target working speeds 312 available on the functional interface and/or a functional interface of the machine tool, in particular wherein a changeability of these available operating stages 310 and/or target speed 312 can be blocked;
• - a display 350 and/or setting options 346 of a target speed 312 for each operating level 310; an activation or deactivation or activation or deactivation 308 of the soft start at least for one, in particular several, advantageously all operating stages 310 and / or target speeds 312; a sensitivity 334 and/or a delay 324 or a delay period 328 of the soft start, in particular together for all operating levels 310 and/or target speeds 312, alternatively also individually for each target speed and/or operating stages;
• - a kickback or fall shutdown 352 for the machine tool 10;
• - a machine light setting option 354, in particular for switching on and off, adjusting the brightness and / or activating / deactivating a stroboscope operation;
• - a property 356, in particular a brightness or key assignment of a functional interface 358 directly on the machine tool 10, in particular an HMI on the machine tool 10;
• - a fill level indicator 360 of the battery or battery pack of the machine tool 10.

It is proposed that the functional interface 300 comprises at least one advantageously a plurality of optical adjustment slides 362, 364, 366, which are designed to be displaceable between a minimum and a maximum setpoint, in particular for determining a drive speed, the sensitivity 334 of the soft start and/or a delay period 328 for accelerating the machine tool to load operation after detecting that a scratch threshold value 172 has been exceeded or fallen below.

When a soft start is activated on the functional interface 300, a symbol for setting further properties of the soft start can appear, in particular for setting further properties of the soft start in a submenu of the application program, advantageously with regard to setting the sensitivity 334 and/or the delay period 328 or a delay 324 , such as in 7 shown.

The output of a signal when the (scratch) threshold value 172 is exceeded and/or during the detection or determination of the base and/or threshold value, in particular an acoustic, optical and/or haptic signal, can be carried out, for example, by or at the functional interface 358 of the Machine tool 10 or through or on the functional interface 300 or the external unit. For example, through issue 382 on the machine tool.

It is proposed that after switching off and switching on the machine tool 10 again within a minimum rest time, for example of 30 seconds, the machine tool 10 immediately switches to one, in particular the advantageous adjustable load operating movement state 184. On the other hand, after the minimum rest time of, for example, 30 seconds has been exceeded, the machine tool 10 is initially operated again with a soft start, i.e. the movement is throttled until a scratch threshold value 172 is exceeded. The times are chosen as examples only.

9 represents an alternative machine tool 10. It is a hand-held machine tool 12, advantageously an oscillating multifunctional tool 19. It is set up to carry out one of the aforementioned methods, or includes an adaptive and/or configurable soft start function. The oscillating multifunctional tool 19 comprises a drive unit 40 and a control or regulating unit 20 at least for controlling or regulating the drive unit 40. It also has a tool holder 64 and advantageously a drive train 38 between the drive unit 40 and the tool holder 64. The machine tool 10 is battery powered. The machine tool 10 advantageously has a detection unit 22 for the time-dependent detection of a physical parameter of the machine tool 10, preferably for the time-dependent detection of a motor current and/or a motor speed of the drive unit 40 designed as a drive motor.

The oscillating multi-function tool 19 can also be operated as a system with the functional interface 300 or other external unit to enable a configurable and/or adaptive soft start. At least other basic identical parts are provided with corresponding reference numbers.

Claims (10)

Functional interface (300, 358), in particular HMI (302), is set up to enable a configurable, advantageously adaptive soft start of a machine tool (10) by a user, in particular comprising means for setting (304, 306) and/or switching on or off (308 ) of the soft start for different operating stages (310), working setpoints (312) and/or load operating states (314) of the machine tool (10), advantageously different setpoints of a drive speed (312), number of strokes and/or input, output and/or tool speed of the Machine tool (10), advantageously comprising means for setting (304, 306) and/or switching on or off (308) the soft start together for several or optionally individually for different operating levels (310), working setpoints (312) and/or load operating states (314 ) of the machine tool (10). Functional interface (300, 358). Claim 1 , characterized in that a number of different operating levels (310), working setpoints (312) and/or load operating states (314) can be set and/or selected and/or a working setpoint (312) between a predetermined minimum and maximum value (323, 325 ) can be set or selected for the working setpoint (312). Functional interface (300, 358) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an acceleration period (326) and / or deceleration period (328) for putting the machine tool (10) into a load operating state (184) from detection of an overshoot or undershoot Threshold value (172), in particular a scratch threshold value, can be set or selected, in particular can be set or selected relative, percentage or absolute value, advantageously between 0 and 2 seconds, advantageously together for several or optionally individually per working setpoint (312) and / or load operating state (314) can be set or selected. Functional interface (300, 358) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a curve of the acceleration (330), in particular an acceleration function (332), for putting the machine tool (10) into a load operating state (184), in particular from detection of an over - or falling below a threshold value (172), can be set or selected, in particular having a linear (202), exponential (204), as a root function (206) or as a function with a saddle point (208), advantageously adjustable or selectable together for several or optionally individually per operating level (310), working setpoint (312) and/or load operating motion state (314). Functional interface (300, 358) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sensitivity (334) of the soft start can be set or selected, in particular in the form of a duration of exceeding or falling below a threshold value (172) and / or by specification a relative, percentage or absolute value deviation (174) of a threshold value (172), if the machine tool (10) is exceeded or fallen below which is put into load operation, from a base value (154) of a physical parameter (142). Functional interface (300, 358) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sensitivity for detecting or evaluating a physical parameter (142) characteristic of the soft start can be set or selected, for example by specifying a determination method for forming a base or threshold value (172), especially by Aus choosing the averaging method of a base or threshold value (172), for example by forming a moving average of recorded values of a physical parameter (142) and/or a period of recording or evaluating values of a physical parameter (142) for the averaging. Functional interface (300, 358) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least when the soft start is activated, a symbol for setting further properties of the soft start appears on the functional interface (300), in particular for setting further properties, advantageously a sensitivity and/or a delay period. Functional interface (300, 358) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional interface (300, 358) comprises at least one, advantageously several, of the following further display, selection and/or setting options: a. a connection state (338) of an external device providing the functional interface (300) with the machine tool (10) and/or an activation or deactivation of a connection (318) with the machine tool (10); b. a name (340), a property and/or a state (342) of the machine tool (10); c. a selection option (344) for a number of operating and/or target speed levels (310, 312) available on the functional interface (300) and/or a functional interface (358) of the machine tool (10), in particular wherein these can be changed standing operating and/or target speed levels (310, 312) can be blocked; d. a display (350) and/or setting options (346) of a target speed (312) for each operating level (310); an activation or deactivation (308) of the soft start for at least one, in particular several, advantageously all target speeds (312) and/or operating stages (310); a sensitivity (334) and/or a delay period (328) of the soft start, in particular together for all target speeds (312) and/or operating stages (310), alternatively also individually for each target speed (312) and/or operating stage (310); e. a kickback and/or fall shutdown (352) for the machine tool (10); f. a machine light setting option (354), in particular for switching on and off and/or adjusting the brightness of the machine light and/or activating/deactivating a stroboscope operation of the machine light; G. a property (356), in particular a brightness or key assignment of a functional interface (358) directly on the machine tool (10), in particular of an HMI on the machine tool (10); H. a fill level indicator (360) of the battery or battery pack (60) of the machine tool (10). Machine tool (10) in particular hand-held machine tool (12), advantageously a reciprocating saw (16), preferably a jigsaw (18), saber saw or oscillating multifunctional tool (19), with a functional interface (300, 358) according to one of the preceding claims. System comprising a machine tool (10) and an external unit, in particular a mobile terminal (30), comprising at least one functional interface (300, 358) according to one of Claims 1 - 8th , in particular wherein the at least one functional interface (300, 358), advantageously a functional interface (300, 358) on the machine tool (10) and / or the external unit (30), is/are intended to be connected to a control or regulating unit ( 20) of the machine tool (10), advantageously, wherein the functional interface (300) is designed as a mobile terminal, in particular a smartphone (303) or tablet with an app or functional application and is intended to be wireless with at least one communication module (62 ) to be connected to the machine tool (10).

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