DE102022122450A1 - Charging station for electric vehicles and method for operating such a charging station - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging station, a method for operating it and a charging module that can be part of such a charging station. The charging station can be used to charge electric vehicles. The charging station comprises at least one charging module that establishes a connection to an electrical energy supply network. The charging module has at least one counting device for detecting a charging current flowing in each case when an electrical consumer is connected, a controllable output interface, a switchable separation unit located between the counting device and the output interface, and a central control module, which is connected to the counting device, to the controllable output interface and to the switchable separation unit each is in a controlling communication connection. The charging module and its components are spatially and functionally combined within the charging station and separated from other components within the charging station, so that the charging module is structurally and functionally encapsulated within the charging station and protected against interference and manipulation. The charging module can thus be inserted as a whole into and removed from the charging station while maintaining protection against interference and manipulation.

Description

The present invention relates to a charging station for mobile electrical consumers such as electric vehicles and a method for operating such a charging station.

Mobile electrical consumers such as electric vehicles with an exclusively electrical energy supply or vehicles with so-called hybrid drives usually have accumulators to supply electric drive motors with electrical energy. Since the electrical energy stored in the accumulators is used up while driving, the vehicles must be constantly supplied with new electrical energy to recharge the exhausted accumulators.

If, in the case of hybrid vehicles, this charging process cannot be carried out by the internal combustion engine drive in the vehicle and if the charging process for purely electric vehicles is not to be carried out at home but rather away from it or on the way, a publicly accessible charging station is usually used for this purpose, which is often called Charging station is designed and which forms a transfer point or interface to a power distribution network or a public electrical energy supply network. While electric vehicles can in principle be charged using conventional household sockets, fast charging requires the transmission of large currents in a short time, which cannot be achieved with household sockets.

For this reason, charging stations that are intended and equipped for charging electric vehicles must be dimensioned accordingly with regard to the electrical energy packages that can be transferred with them. Such a charging station or charging column normally has a standardized connection, which can be designed, for example, as a charging cable with a connecting plug arranged at the end or as a charging socket or as a socket with defined connection dimensions.

When we talk about a standardized connection in this context, this means a multitude of different system standards that reflect the historically created variety of mostly incompatible plug and connection variants, but this does not change the fact that the charging stations vary greatly in terms of their basic structure and functionality resemble or be the same.

Since it is necessary for charging processes at publicly accessible charging stations or charging columns to precisely record the transmitted electrical energy packets and to be able to assign them to the respective user, not least in order to be able to bill the transmitted energy packets, it is necessary to ensure the quality of the recording and check it at any time to be able to. These requirements are primarily aimed at precise recording over longer operating periods, at the constancy of this recording and generally at the consistently maintained recording quality, as these parameters have a strong influence on the operating quality.

Just as conventional dispensing systems for liquid fuels that are used to drive combustion engines in motor transport are subject to calibration, this also applies to charging stations, i.e. publicly accessible charging stations or charging stations. This means that each of these charging stations must be checked, certified and approved before being put into operation.

Since these calibration regulations apply in many cases even after minor service or maintenance-related interventions in the respective charging stations, it can be seen as the primary aim of the invention to reduce the difficulties that are recognized as disadvantageous and to provide an improved charging station in which On the one hand, the calibration regulations can be met more easily and many of the consequences that are perceived as disadvantageous are not even triggered by service or maintenance-related interventions that result from the existing calibration regulations.

A further aim of the invention can be seen as proposing an improved and simplified method for carrying out service and/or maintenance work on such an improved charging station, with this improved and simplified method also focusing on largely avoiding difficulties caused by calibration law.

The goals are achieved with the objects of the independent claims. Features of advantageous developments of the invention can be found, among other things, in the dependent claims.

In order to achieve at least part of the stated objectives, the present invention proposes a charging station for mobile electrical consumers with the features of independent claim 1, wherein this charging station according to the invention can be used in particular for charging battery-operated electric vehicles, which have an electrical coupling point and an electrical connection connected to it Connecting line can be coupled to the charging station. The term “charging station” used here can mean almost any type of spatially localized connection and transfer point that is provided for can fulfill the purpose of the controllable transmission of electrical charging energy to mobile units such as vehicles or the like, whereby the charging station can be implemented in particular by a free-standing charging station or one assigned to a building.

The charging station according to the invention comprises at least one charging module, which is located between an electrical energy supply, in particular between a publicly accessible energy supply network or a separate long-distance line network, and the coupling point that can be coupled to the electrical consumer. In addition, the invention provides that the at least one charging module has at least the individual components listed below and suitably interconnected.

The at least one charging module comprises a counting device for detecting a charging current flowing when an electrical consumer is connected. This counting device is necessary in order to record the amount of energy transmitted and to be able to provide a database for billing and cost allocation of the transmitted packets of electrical energy to the connected consumer.

Furthermore, the at least one charging module comprises a controllable output interface that is in electrically conductive connection to the coupling point. This output interface can already form the connection socket into which a cable can be plugged in to begin the respective charging process. However, the term controllable output interface can also mean an internal transfer point to an external electrical coupling point.

In addition, the at least one charging module includes a switchable separation unit located between the counting device and the output interface, which, for example, enables a remote-controlled release or interruption of a charging process, the term remote control used here encompassing both control via an input terminal assigned to the charging station and a radio transmission-based or can mean control input transmitted wirelessly in some other way.

In addition, the charging module comprises a central control module, which is in control and/or data processing communication connection with the counting device, with the controllable output interface and with the switchable separation unit, the central control module having at least one spatially assigned to the charging station and/or one spatially from the The charging station has an input and/or display terminal that is separate from the charging station and is in communication with the central control module via a remote data connection. The term input and/or display terminal used here includes in particular any conceivable or sensible variant of user interface, for which the term human-machine interface (abbreviated: MMS or HMI for Human Machine Interface) has also become established.

The special feature of the charging module, which forms a central and important part of the charging station according to the invention, is that the charging module, together with its components described above and possibly other components, are spatially and functionally combined within the charging station and separated from other components within the charging station. In this way, it is possible to view the charging module as a structural unit and to handle it as a unit from a calibration perspective.

This includes that the charging module is structurally and functionally encapsulated within the charging station and protected against interference and manipulation. This also includes, and it follows from this, that the charging module can be inserted into the charging station as a whole and removed from it as a whole, while maintaining protection against interference and manipulation, without the charging station otherwise having to be impaired or influenced in any way.

In the charging station according to the invention, the input and/or display terminal, which is in communication connection with the central control module and forms a user interface (HMI), can in particular be a component of the charging module and be structurally integrated there.

Alternatively, in a variant of the charging station, it can also be provided that the input and/or display terminal in communication with the central control module is or forms a component that is spatially distant from the charging module and is not an integral part of the charging module.

In addition, it can optionally be provided that at least two separate and individually usable input and/or display terminals are provided at the charging station, each of which has a communication connection with the central control module of the charging module.

Another equipment option for the charging station according to the invention can be formed in that the central control module of the charging module, an input or reading device, in particular an RFID reader for processing authentication data of a user of the charging station, is assigned, the input or reading device in particular being an integral part of the charging module and structurally integrated there. In this context, however, it should be noted that legal regulations may make it necessary to connect the input or reading device or the RFID reader and the input and/or display terminal (also referred to as HMI) to the charging module, in particular by Formation of an inseparable unit with the loading module. For example, the calibration regulations make it necessary to provide such a unit. Ie, in order to be able to implement a design of the charging module that complies with calibration law, it is currently necessary to design both the input module and the display module as inseparable components of the charging module.

The above-mentioned central control module of the charging module can optionally have a data interface for data communication with a remote communication partner, wherein the data interface can be assigned a device for authentication and/or for signing the exchanged data. It makes sense for data communication to be implemented via a stand-alone communication unit. In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the control module of the charging module has a uniform interface for communication with the communication module, which is to be understood as optional.

A further advantageous option can be that the charging module together with its integrated components can be located in a closed, in particular at least dust-tight, plug-in housing, this plug-in housing being preferably in a corresponding receptacle of the charging station when the charging station and the charging module are ready for operation, while the insert housing can be removed as a whole from the receptacle when the charging station is in a service, repair and/or maintenance state and can be replaced by a similar charging module.

The insert housing of the charging module can preferably be sealed and/or sealed to prevent tampering and tampering, which ensures that the entire module conforms to calibration law as a replaceable part of the charging station.

The present invention essentially aims to use the practical experience of recent years in the operation, maintenance and repair of charging stations or charging columns and to improve and optimize the structure and construction of the individual charging stations or charging columns to the extent that any Service work can be made easier and recommissioning can be made easier after service, maintenance or repair work has been successfully carried out. It has turned out that the calibration requirements and regulations in particular can lead to difficulties and in many cases, even after minor service work, a new calibration is necessary, which would not be necessary in all cases for technical reasons. However, as soon as the structure of the calibrated components is intervened and, for example, a housing section is opened and/or an individual component is replaced, a new calibration must be carried out, since the intervention often no longer guarantees that there will be no manipulation.

Since every mandatory re-calibration after successfully carried out service, maintenance or repair work fundamentally entails the risk of loss of time, delays and additional effort, particularly in terms of personnel, but also with regard to the calibration and testing technology to be used for this purpose, the risk also increases of downtimes, because every form of calibration inspection makes the use of specially certified personnel essential. Such downtimes inevitably reduce the availability of the charging infrastructure, which may be technically easy to use, to the detriment of consumers and operators.

The charging station according to the invention with the at least one charging module designed according to the above combination of features eliminates the identified disadvantages and helps to reduce downtimes and can overall ensure a significant reduction in the identified disadvantages and risks in that the charging module essentially combines the entire charging line and is therefore also suitable as an independent and self-contained modular unit for handling, placing on the market and exchanging for similar charging modules.

In order to achieve this, it makes sense to combine at least all of the above-mentioned components of the charging train and the charging control in a common module housing, which makes it possible, as an essential step, to seal this common module housing of the charging module and thus secure it by calibration, which ensures closure and security against interference, manipulation or changes by third parties. The construction of the charging module is therefore designed and designed in such a way that external manipulation of the energy output or the billing-relevant data is possible can be identified or prevented in advance. In this way, it is possible to exchange the charging module for other, tested and calibrated charging modules by suitable and trained service personnel at the installation locations of the respective charging stations, thus minimizing downtime for consumers and operators.

In order to make this possible and to achieve this, the charging module is designed in such a way that it is independently able to charge a vehicle in accordance with the standard, i.e. in particular in accordance with the corresponding European standard EN-61851. For field use, i.e. for use in a charging station according to the invention, the charging module must be installed in a housing with sufficient dust tightness (e.g. protection class IP54) and the charging module must be connected to a 3-phase power supply (three-phase current) with a suitably dimensioned residual current circuit breaker ( FI) required.

It is still useful or necessary to equip the charging module within the charging station with a separate power supply, so that a sensible design can provide for the charging module to be powered by an external 24V power supply. Such a separate power supply is usually indispensable because, for calibration reasons, separate billing of the charging station's own consumption and the charging energy delivered by the charging station and made available as charging current is required. The currently applicable calibration law does not allow these consumptions to be mixed.

The charging module combines the charging connection for the mobile consumer, especially for an electric vehicle to be charged (e.g. Type2 socket or fixed cable), the necessary fuses, a disconnecting relay, if necessary an RFID reader, and the entire charging control in accordance with EN-61851 Human-machine interface (HMI) and the meter that complies with calibration law.

In order to be able to detect possible manipulations, it still makes sense to measure, sign and temporarily store or persist any consumption data as well as recorded authentication data within the sealed charging module. In addition, this signed data is made available by the charging module for external use, e.g. a so-called backend system or a control and data management center located remotely from the charging station. However, since a connection or connection to such a backend system or a control and data management center cannot be ensured under all circumstances and at all times, it should be possible to ensure that the intermediate storage or the so-called persistent storage in the loading module The loading process can be traced and checked with the help of suitable data storage, for example by using so-called transparent software (e.g. the S.A.F.E. initiative).

In this context, it has been shown that there are numerous technical systems on the data route between the charging station or charging column and the backend systems used, over which the operator of the charging station has little or no influence. However, calibration law requires that data consistency and calibration law conformity must also be ensured if one of these systems - usually beyond the control of the operator - shows a malfunction or fails, for example due to an interruption of the mobile phone connection, due to a misconfiguration of network parameters so-called virtual private network (VPN - Virtual Private Network), due to a failure of the operator routing, due to a failure of the backend system, etc. In such cases, with the help of intermediate storage, the data is subsequently delivered or can be retrieved later, which can restore or maintain compliance with calibration law.

If the operator of the charging stations does not want to or cannot rely on the cooperation or “goodwill” of the backend operators, which are becoming more and more confusing, it makes sense to provide and use a tailor-made software solution it makes it possible to communicate directly with the charging module and to download the relevant data from it if necessary. In this way, the calibration regulations can be adhered to at any time and the charging modules can be easily replaced and put back into circulation again and again.

Communication with third-party systems can, for example, take place in such a way that a communication system is integrated into the charging station. This communication system preferably converts the transaction data provided by the loading module into the operator's respective target format and forwards this data to the operator's system via the selected interface. The communication module can be connected either to just one charging module or, if necessary, to several charging modules. If no communication module is used, the transaction data must be downloaded from the loading module using the software provided.

When using the system according to the invention, different applications or usage scenarios can be distinguished. For example, in the first case of use or in the first scenario, a so-called backend can be dispensed with, ie one charging module or several charging modules can be operated without a backend. For this purpose, the authorized RFID cards are trained directly on the charging module or stored there using the software supplied. The billing-relevant data with the assigned RFID token is saved as a signed data record on the removable memory card (e.g. SD card) of the charging module. These must then be downloaded there by the operator for possible billing. The signed data package must then be made available to the customer via electronic data transfer so that it can be checked using the transparent software.

In the second application or second usage scenario, provision can be made to take into account the increasing use of charging stations as part of local energy management. Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) can be used here to control the charging processes. In this case, the communication module would provide a module bus server. This is used to authenticate the RFID token and provide the signed billing data (including authentication information).

The third use case or the third usage scenario can be viewed as a “classic” case of a connection to a backend that communicates according to the OCPP protocol (OCPP: Open Charge Point Protocol; roughly corresponds to: Free charging point communication standard). This refers to a universal application protocol that standardizes the communication between the charging stations used and the backend or a central management system, similar or comparable to a communication protocol used in mobile networks. In this way, billing data (including authentication information) and signed data can be provided as route data (so-called “meter values”).

Another important component is a meter that is assigned to or integrated into the charging module and is compliant with calibration law. These meters are intended to determine the respective consumption data, i.e. to record the energy packets transmitted to the connected electrical energy consumer. The recorded consumption data is supplemented by the authentication information, after which the thus enriched or authenticated consumption data is signed, which can be done using a signing function of the meter. All of these data processing steps sensibly take place within the loading module, so that the signed data packets can be provided by the loading module unchanged and in the format provided by the counter.

If the charging module is equipped with a communication module or a communication module is connected there, the signed data packet can be forwarded in unchanged form to the operator system used. At this point it could be added that the operator of the charging stations no longer has any influence on the further use of the data by a higher-level operator or in the backend system, but this is due to the logging option for the data packets that leave the charging station and the charging modules. does not have to mean any disadvantages.

Optionally, it can be provided that the meter reading and the so-called public key of the meter can be visualized for the respective user of the charging station, for example through a suitable meter window in the charging module, which can make the meter reading or the display of the meter visible to the user or consumer .

In order to achieve at least some of the stated goals, the present invention also proposes, in addition to the charging station explained in various embodiment variants, a method for operating, handling and/or maintaining such a charging station according to one of the previously described embodiment variants.

This method makes it possible, in particular, to charge at least one electrical consumer in a regular use and operating mode by using the electrical coupling point and, if necessary, using the input and/or display terminal of the charging station (i.e. the user interface or the HMI) with electrical charging energy of accumulators located in the electrical consumer, the method providing for the complete, spatial, structurally and functionally encapsulated charging module within the charging station to be removed from the charging station while maintaining its protection against interventions and manipulation and to use an identical replacement charging module for this purpose.

In an advantageous variant of the method, this is located together with its integrated Components in a closed, in particular at least dust-tight, plug-in housing arranged charging module in the operational state of the charging station and the charging module in a corresponding receptacle of the charging station, while the plug-in housing is removed from the receptacle as a whole in the service, repair and / or maintenance state of the charging station and through a similar charging module can be replaced, thereby restoring the operational readiness of the charging station.

Finally, the present invention discloses an exchangeable charging module, which can be inserted in particular into a receptacle of a charging station according to one of the embodiment and equipment variants described above or can be removed from the receptacle and/or replaced by a similar charging module, the charging module being located in the receptacle of the Charging station state is in particular in an electrically conductive connection between an electrical energy supply, in particular between a publicly accessible energy supply network or a separate long-distance line network and the coupling point that can be coupled to the electrical consumer.

It is envisaged that the charging module has at least the following individual components connected to one another. The charging module includes a counting device for detecting a charging current flowing when an electrical consumer is connected, a controllable output interface for delivering charging current, a switchable separation unit located between the counting device and the output interface, and a central control module that is connected to the counting device, to the controllable output interface and the switchable separation unit is in a controlling communication connection. It can be provided that the central control module has at least one input and/or display terminal (so-called user interface or HMI) that is spatially assigned to the charging module and/or is in communication with the central control module via a remote data connection.

It is also provided that the mentioned and possibly other components of the charging module are structurally and functionally combined and spatially separated from other components of the charging station. In addition, the charging module is structurally and functionally encapsulated in a housing and protected against interference and manipulation.

The charging module can, in particular, together with its integrated components, be located in a closed, in particular at least dust-tight, plug-in housing, this plug-in housing fitting into a corresponding receptacle of the charging station. Thus, when the charging station is in service, repair and/or maintenance condition, the insert housing can be removed as a whole from the receptacle and replaced by a similar charging module.

The charging module can be inserted as a whole into the charging station and removed from it while maintaining protection against interference and manipulation.

It should be expressly mentioned at this point that all aspects and embodiment variants that have been explained in connection with the charging station according to the invention equally relate to or can form partial aspects of the method according to the invention for operating, handling and/or maintaining such a charging station. Therefore, if certain aspects and/or contexts and/or effects are mentioned at one point in the description or in the claim definitions for the charging station according to the invention, this applies equally to the method according to the invention. The same applies in the opposite way, so that all aspects and embodiment variants that were explained in connection with the method according to the invention for operating, handling and / or maintaining the charging station equally relate to or can be partial aspects of the charging station according to the invention itself. Therefore, if certain aspects and/or connections and/or effects are mentioned at one point in the description or in the claim definitions for the method according to the invention, this also applies to the charging station according to the invention.

It should also be emphasized that the exchangeable charging module placed under additional protection can in particular be part of the charging station according to the invention and/or can be used in the method according to the invention for operating, handling and/or maintaining such a charging station, so that the same as above applies here too: all aspects mentioned in connection with the charging station or the method should apply equally to the replaceable charging module and vice versa.

• 1 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsvariante einer Ladestation in schematischer Darstellung.
• 2 zeigt eine zweite und erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsvariante der Ladestation in schematischer Darstellung.
• 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Beispiels für einen konkreten Aufbau eines Lademoduls, das austauschbarer Bestandteil einer Ladestation gemäß 2 sein kann.

In the following, exemplary embodiments will explain the invention and its advantages in more detail using the attached figures. The proportions of the individual elements in the figures do not always correspond to the real proportions, as some shapes are simplified and other shapes are shown enlarged in relation to other elements for better illustration.

• 1 shows a first embodiment variant of a charging station in a schematic representation.
• 2 shows a second embodiment variant of the charging station according to the invention in a schematic representation.
• 3 shows a perspective view of an example of a specific structure of a charging module, which is an interchangeable part of a charging station according to 2 can be.

The illustrated embodiments merely represent examples of how the invention can be designed and do not represent a final limitation. The features described below are not to be understood in each case in close connection with further features of the respective exemplary embodiment, but can each be provided in a general context or . used for this purpose.

The schematic representation of the 1 shows a first embodiment variant of a charging station, as has been frequently used in practice to date. The illustration shows that the previously used and known design usually includes two charging lines with an integrated PC 1 as a central control unit. In this PC 1, the information from the various components comes together and is stored, among other things, on an SD card 2, in particular a sealed SD card. The PC 1 reads the data from an RFID reader 3 or RFID reader, with the help of which users of the charging station can identify themselves and start a charging process. In addition, an HMI 4, ie a user interface, can be seen with which a user can enter data and/or read information. In addition, an external interface 5 can be provided in the form of a mobile radio modem or an Ethernet adapter, with which data can be exchanged to and with a so-called backend.

The PC 1 also controls the two charging controllers 6, 7, in particular the charging controller on the left 6 and the charging controller on the right 7, which in turn are each connected to the coupling points 8, 9, in particular Type 2 on the left 8 and Type 2 on the right 9, i.e. the supply sockets or supply cables in Connect and control them. The actual supply current for charging the electric vehicles or other mobile electrical consumers connected to the coupling points 8, 9 is marked by the two arrows running vertically from below into the lower box, which is each via the residual current circuit breakers 10, 11, in particular FI left 10 and FI right 11, and the isolating switches 12, 13 that can be controlled by PC 1, in particular contactor left 12 and contactor right 13, as well as via the respective counters 14, 15, in particular counter on the left, sealed 14 and counter on the right, sealed 15, to the coupling points 8 , 9, in particular Type 2 left 8 and Type 2 right 9, is directed.

The two counters 14, 15 are also each in data connection with the central control unit or the PC 1.

The representation of the 1 clearly shows that several spatially separated components of the charging station must be sealed if the calibration regulations are to be adhered to and unwanted manipulations can be detected. At least there is a seal on the cover 16 over the two parallel coupling points 8, 9 (Type 2 left 8, Type 2 right 9), the meters 14, 15 (left 14, right 15), isolating switches 12, 13 (contactor left 12, Contactor right 13) and the residual current circuit breakers 10, 11 (FI left 10, FL right 11) are necessary, whereby the two counters 14, 15 must each be sealed separately.

In addition, the interface within the charging station with the removable memory card = SD card 2, which is coupled to the PC 1 and/or the user interface HMI 4, must also be sealed and secured against interference and manipulation. It is obvious that in the event of service, a new seal on the charging station, even by appropriately qualified and authorized persons, is unavoidable, and this must be done after opening the cover (in 1 below) or after removing the SD card 2, even if it is only checked and reinserted.

The schematic representation of the 2 therefore shows a second embodiment variant of the charging station according to the invention in its structure and its essential components, with a single charging line being shown. This charging line is combined by a sealed charging module 17. The charging module 17 has an independent control = charging controller 18 and an independent persistence of all relevant data via a suitable storage element, in particular an SD card 19.

Furthermore, the central control unit, i.e. the charging controller 18, is equipped with a reader for recording data, in particular an RFID reader 20, with the help of which users of the charging station can identify themselves and start a charging process. In addition, an HMI 21, i.e. a user interface, can be seen with which a user can enter data and/or read information.

The central control unit, ie, the charging controller 18, communicates with a counter 22 a controllable circuit breaker = relay 23, and with a Type 2 coupling point 24, which forms an output interface for charging an external mobile consumer, for example an electric vehicle to be landed.

The counter 22, the controllable circuit breaker = relay 23, and the coupling point 24 (Type 2) electrically coupled to it are powered by an external power supply, for example via a public power supply network, which is connected to the charging module 17 via a residual current circuit breaker 25 . The residual current circuit breaker 25 is first connected to the counter 22, which in turn is connected to the relay 23 and this to the coupling point 24 (Type 2).

In addition, an external interface 26 can be provided, in particular a mobile radio modem or an Ethernet adapter, with which data can be exchanged to and with a communication module 27 and/or to a so-called backend. This external interface 26, which is basically optional but usefully present, is connected to the central control unit (charging controller 18), but is not part of the actual charging module 17.

The residual current circuit breaker 25 also does not need to be sealed since it is not subject to the calibration regulations for the present application; Therefore, the residual current circuit breaker 25 is not part of the sealed charging module 17 and is located outside the installation space of the charging module 17.

With a closed housing, all components of the charging module 17 can be protected from unauthorized access using just one seal or a single seal. Communication with a third-party system can be achieved through an independent communication module 27, in particular a mobile radio modem or Ethernet adapter, which can basically be coupled to a plurality or multiplicity of such charging modules and have a data connection.

The special advantage of the exchangeable charging module 17, which can be integrated into a sealed housing, can already be seen by comparing the 1 and 2 recognizable because the integrated charging module 17 according to 2 does not require a calibration seal to be carried out there for replacement and after it has been inserted into the charging station, but can be sealed and approved for calibration at a central service point and can then be made available to various service technicians at different locations, if necessary also in stock. A maintenance procedure, a routine service or even a repair of a charging station on site can be carried out much more quickly and without long downtimes, since essentially only the ready and fully sealed charging module 17 is used after a possibly defective or routinely serviced charging module 17 has previously been used was removed from the charging station.

• 30 = Schnittstelle nach außen, umfassend eine 24V- Versorgung durch ein Netzteil, Verbindung zur Kommunikationseinheit bzw. Kommunikationsmodul 24 über USB; RS485- Schnittstelle für zukünftige Anwendungen und Ausgang für die LEDs im Topper.
• 31 = Abgang PCB zu Ladedose
• 32 = Leistungsplatine
• 33 = 6mA DC Fehlerstromerkennung
• 34 = Ladecontrollerplatine mit Display, RFID Reader 20, SD- Karte 19
• 35 = 3x 32 A Sicherung
• 36 = Einspeisung PCB von Zählerausgang
• 37 = Ladedose
• 38 = Einspeisung Ladebucht

The perspective view of the 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a specific structure of a charging module 17, which is an interchangeable part of a charging station according to 2 can be. Regarding the arrangement of the components and their functionality, please refer to the labeling 3 referred.

• 30 = interface to the outside, comprising a 24V supply through a power supply, connection to the communication unit or communication module 24 via USB; RS485 interface for future applications and output for the LEDs in the topper.
• 31 = PCB outlet to charging socket
• 32 = Power board
• 33 = 6mA DC residual current detection
• 34 = charging controller board with display, RFID reader 20, SD card 19
• 35 = 3x 32 A fuse
• 36 = PCB feed from meter output
• 37 = charging socket
• 38 = Loading bay feed

Finally, it should be noted that the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or changes may be made to the invention without departing from the scope of the following claims.

Reference symbol list

1

PC

2

SO card

3

RFID reader

4

HMI

5

External interface

6

Charge controller on the left

7

Charging controller on the right

8th

Type 2 coupling point on the left

9

Type 2 coupling point on the right

10

Fl left

11

Fl right

12

Circuit breaker contactor left

13

Disconnector contactor right

14

Counter on the left, sealed

15

Meter on the right, sealed

16

Cover, sealed

17

sealed charging module

18

Charge controller

19

SD card

20

RFID reader

21

HMI

22

counter

23

relay

24

Coupling point (Type 2)

25

Residual current circuit breaker

26

external interface

27

Communication module

30

Interface to the outside

31

PCB outlet to charging socket

32

Power board

33

6mA DC residual current detection

34

Charging controller board with display, RFID reader, SD card

35

3x 32 A fuse

36

PCB feed from meter output

37

charging socket

38

Loading bay feed

Claims (13)

Charging station for mobile electrical consumers, in particular for battery-operated electric vehicles, which can be coupled to the charging station via an electrical coupling point and an electrical connecting line connected thereto, the charging station comprising at least one charging module which is interposed between an electrical energy supply, in particular between a publicly accessible energy supply network or a separate long-distance line network and the coupling point that can be coupled to the electrical consumer, which charging module has at least the following interconnected individual components: - a counting device for detecting a charging current flowing when the electrical consumer is coupled, - a controllable output interface which is in electrically conductive connection to the coupling point , - a switchable separation unit located between the counting device and the output interface and - a central control module, which is in a controlling communication connection with the counting device, with the controllable output interface and with the switchable separation unit, the central control module having at least one spatial connection to the charging module and/or has an input and/or display terminal assigned to the charging station and/or spatially separated from the charging station and in communication connection with the central control module via a remote data connection, characterized in that the charging module and its components are spatially and functionally combined within the charging station and compared to other components is separated within the charging station, that the charging module is structurally and functionally encapsulated within the charging station and protected against interference and manipulation, and that the charging module can be inserted into and removed from the charging station as a whole while maintaining protection against interference and manipulation. charging station Claim 1 , in which the input and/or display terminal in communication with the central control module is part of the charging module and is structurally integrated there. charging station Claim 1 , in which the input and/or display terminal in communication with the central control module is a component that is spatially distant from the charging module and is not an integral part of the charging module. charging station Claim 2 or 3 , in which at least two separate and individually usable input and / or display terminals are provided, each of which is in a communication connection with the central control module of the charging module. Charging station according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , in which the central control module of the charging module is assigned an input or reading device, in particular an RFID reader for processing authentication data of a user of the charging station, the input or reading device being an integral part of the charging module and structurally integrated there. Charging station according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , in which the central control module of the charger module has a data interface for data communication with a remote communication partner, the data interface being assigned a device for authentication and/or for signing the exchanged data. Charging station according to one of the Claims 1 until 6 , in which the charging module together with its integrated components is located in a closed, in particular at least dust-tight, plug-in housing, which plug-in housing is in the operational state of the charging station and the charging module in a corresponding receptacle of the charging station, and which plug-in housing is in the service, repair and /or maintenance status of the charging station as a whole can be removed from the receptacle and replaced by a similar charging module. charging station Claim 7 , in which the insertion housing of the charging module is sealed and/or sealed to prevent tampering and tampering. Method for operating, handling and/or maintaining a charging station according to one of Claims 1 until 8th , which method makes it possible to supply at least one electrical consumer with electrical charging energy for charging accumulators located in the electrical consumer in a regular use and operating mode by using the electrical coupling point and possibly using the input and / or display terminal of the charging station, and wherein the method provides, in a service, repair and/or maintenance mode and/or within regular maintenance cycles in which the regular use and operating mode is interrupted, the complete charging module that is spatially, structurally and functionally encapsulated within the charging station to remove it from the charging station while maintaining its protection against interference and manipulation and to use an identical replacement charging module for this purpose. Procedure according to Claim 9 , in which the charging module arranged together with its integrated components in a closed, in particular at least dust-tight, plug-in housing is located in the operational state of the charging station and the charging module in a corresponding receptacle of the charging station, the plug-in housing being in the service, repair and / or maintenance state Charging station as a whole can be removed from the receptacle and replaced with a similar charging module, whereby the operational readiness of the charging station is restored. Interchangeable charging module, which is in particular in a receptacle of a charging station according to one of Claims 1 until 8th can be used or removed from the receptacle and/or replaced by a similar charging module, the charging module being in the state in the receptacle of the charging station, in particular in an electrically conductive connection between an electrical energy supply, in particular between a publicly accessible energy supply network or a separate long-distance line network and the coupling point that can be coupled to the electrical consumer, and wherein the charging module has at least the following interconnected individual components: - a counting device for detecting a charging current flowing in each case when the electrical consumer is coupled, - a controllable output interface for delivering charging current, - one between the counting device and the Output interface switchable separation unit and - a central control module, which is in control communication connection with the counting device, with the controllable output interface and with the switchable separation unit, the central control module via at least one spatially assigned to the charging module and / or via a remote data connection with the central control module Communication connection input and / or display terminal, characterized in that the components of the charging module are structurally and functionally combined and spatially separated from other components of the charging station, the charging module being structurally and functionally encapsulated in a housing and protected against interference and manipulation. charging module Claim 11 , which, together with its integrated components, is located in a closed, in particular at least dust-tight, plug-in housing, which plug-in housing fits into a corresponding receptacle of the charging station, and which plug-in housing can be removed as a whole from the receptacle in the service, repair and / or maintenance state of the charging station and through a similar charging module can be replaced. charging module Claim 11 or 12 , which can be inserted into and removed from the charging station as a whole while maintaining protection against interference and manipulation.

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