DE102022117737A1 - Method for producing at least one packaging element - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for producing at least one packaging element (1) from a flat fiber material (2), comprising the following steps: a) making at least one cut (3) in the flat fiber material (2); b) applying a forming process to the flat fiber material (2), in order to produce at least one formation (4) in the flat fiber material (2), the at least one formation (4) being positioned in such a way that the at least one cut (3) is in a secondary region (5) next to the at least one formation (4). is arranged, wherein the at least one formation (4) forms a receiving volume (6) for a product.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a packaging element from a flat fiber material.

Packaging made from flat fiber materials and also from fiber-based packaging materials in general (particularly from natural fibers, e.g. paper or cardboard) often have considerable advantages over packaging made from plastic materials in terms of environmental compatibility and recycling options.

However, the production of such packaging requires different approaches than the production of plastic packaging. In principle, the formation of packaging from flat raw materials (e.g. from the roll) can be implemented very efficiently. This applies in particular to flat starting materials made of plastic, which, for example, can be formed very precisely and with great freedom of design using deep-drawing processes. In particular, when deep-drawing plastic materials, very steep flanks can be formed relative to a base plane of the packaging (or clamping plane during deep-drawing), which enable the shape of the packaging to be precisely adapted to the shape of the packaged goods to be packaged.

Methods for forming packages from fiber-based packaging materials are also available. For example, fiber-based packaging materials (and in particular packaging materials made from natural fibers) can also be formed using deep drawing. However, the molding of fiber-based packaging materials has limitations compared to the possibilities of molding plastics. Steep flanks, for example, can only be produced to a limited extent or carry the risk that the packaging materials may become unstable or even tear.

The object of the present invention is to at least partially solve the problems described with reference to the prior art. In particular, a method is to be proposed with which packaging elements can be efficiently produced from flat fiber materials using forming processes in a particularly advantageous and reliable manner.

This object is achieved with the invention according to the features of the independent patent claims. Further advantageous refinements are specified in the dependently formulated patent claims as well as in the description and in particular in the description of the figures. It should be noted that the person skilled in the art combines the individual features with one another in a technologically sensible manner and thus arrives at further refinements of the invention.

1. a) Einbringen mindestens eines Schnitts in das flächige Fasermaterial;
2. b) Anwenden eines Umformverfahrens auf das flächige Fasermaterial, um mindestens eine Ausformung in dem flächigen Fasermaterial herzustellen, wobei die mindestens eine Ausformung derart positioniert ist, dass der mindestens eine Schnitt in einem Nebenbereich neben der mindestens einen Ausformung angeordnet ist, wobei die mindestens eine Ausformung ein Aufnahmevolumen für ein Produkt bildet.

Described here is a method for producing at least one packaging element from a flat fiber material, comprising the following steps:

1. a) making at least one cut into the flat fiber material;
2. b) applying a forming process to the flat fiber material in order to produce at least one formation in the flat fiber material, wherein the at least one formation is positioned such that the at least one cut is arranged in a secondary area next to the at least one formation, wherein the at least one formation forms a holding volume for a product.

Particularly preferably in step b) at least two shapes are produced in the flat fiber material. In addition, the secondary area is particularly preferably an intermediate area which is arranged between the at least two formations. Both formations preferably each form a receiving volume for a product. The term secondary area generally describes a region of the flat fiber material that lies in the area next to (immediately next to) the area in which the shape is introduced in step b).

Step a) is preferably carried out with a cutting tool, with which a plurality, in particular a large number, of cuts are made in parallel or simultaneously into the flat fiber material.

A shape means a bulge, indentation, etc. of any shape that forms a receiving volume. The shape preferably extends in one direction starting from a plane of the undeformed flat fiber material. The flat fiber material is preferably also clamped in this plane during forming. The formation preferably has an area furthest away from the plane of the undeformed flat fiber material, which forms a bottom of the formation. The shape also preferably has a transition area, which can also be referred to as a wall area, which extends from this base to the plane of the undeformed flat fiber material (the clamping plane), is completely circumferential around the base and the base of the flat fiber material with a Edge area of the formations connects, which is in the plane of the undeformed flat fiber material (the clamping plane). remains. The recording volume describes the entire volume that is located between the (imaginary) plane of the undeformed flat fiber material and the deformed flat fiber material.

Step b) is preferably carried out with a forming tool, with which a plurality, in particular a plurality, of shapes is introduced into the flat fiber material in order to form a plurality/variety of receiving volumes for products. The individual shapes are preferably produced in parallel or at the same time.

The forming is in particular a three-dimensional forming, in which a flat material that extends (exclusively) along a plane is transformed into a material that is also flat, but which is no longer flat and no longer extends exclusively in one plane, but which has a three-dimensional (spatial) shape. In order to produce such a shape from the flat fiber material, an expansion (in special cases also a compression) of the flat fiber material is required at least in sections, in which the thickness of the flat fiber material optionally decreases (locally). In addition, folds in which the flat fiber material is (locally) folded also regularly occur, particularly in the transition area between the edge and the bottom. Two-dimensional stretching and/or compression is regularly required, in which sections of the flat fiber material have to be stretched or compressed in two non-parallel spatial directions. Particularly when processing fiber materials, (undesirable) tearing of the flat fiber material can occur in places where there is stretching during forming. The extent of a deformation can be described, for example, with a so-called degree of deformation. The degree of forming is a shape change parameter that can be used to record the permanent geometric change of a workpiece during the forming process. The degree of deformation can be described mathematically in various ways, for example relatively as relative elongation or absolutely as absolute elongation. If necessary, one-dimensional strains and two-dimensional strains can be taken into account mathematically differently and incorporated into the degree of forming. The method described here is not limited to a specific definition of the degree of deformation. However, the process described here increases the possible degrees of forming when forming flat fiber materials.

The flat fibrous material is in particular a flat fibrous packaging material and particularly preferably a paper or cardboard. Depending on the thickness and structure, it is also referred to as packaging cardboard or packaging paper. Forming processes for paper or cardboard are available and enable forming, although flanks that are steep compared to a base plane of the paper or packaging can only be produced to a limited extent.

The term “cardboard” refers to a flat material that essentially consists of fibers (particularly fibers of plant origin). In particular, it is a material made from cellulose fibers. Such a material is preferably formed by dewatering a fiber suspension. In particular, “cardboard” has increased mechanical strength compared to paper. The “cardboard” preferably has a minimum weight per square meter of cardboard area of 130 g/m ² [grams/square meter]. Materials with a lower weight per area are often referred to as paper. A cardboard box can also be a composite material made of several layers of paper with a weight per area of less than 130 g/m ² [grams/square meter]. If necessary, such a composite material can also contain air and, for example, be designed with a corrugated paper layer. Such a flat material can also be formed from a fiber composite or include a fiber composite that is not compact but encloses open or closed pores of air.

A cut is preferably a complete sectional severing of the flat fiber material, which can be made into the flat fiber material, for example, with a cutting tool (a knife or, for example, a laser or another tool). A cut preferably has two cut surfaces that are opposite one another and possibly abut one another. In embodiment variants, material may also have been removed in the area of a cut, so that the cut surfaces do not (directly) lie against one another, but are possibly spaced apart from one another. Cuts can also be created using rotary tools. Cuts can in particular also be produced by a tool which removes material in the fiber material, through which material is removed so that the cut surfaces of the cut are spaced apart from one another. In other preferred embodiment variants, the cut according to step a) does not remove any material from the flat fiber material. If necessary, a (partially) preferably reversible deformation of the flat fiber material can occur in the area of the cut, for example because the flat fiber material is compressed or pushed apart by the cutting tool.

By arranging the cut in the secondary area next to the at least one formation, an independent movement of the flat fiber material in the area of the formation is possible. By arranging the at least one cut in an intermediate area between two formations, mutually independent movements of the flat fiber material in the areas of the two formations are possible.

The cut causes areas of the flat fiber material to be (partially) separated from one another. A deformation of the flat fiber material to form two (spatially spaced apart) shapes is made easier because the flat fiber material in the spaced apart areas can be deformed more independently of one another by the cut. The cut preferably opens during the forming in step b). This means, for example, that during step b) a distance occurs between cut surfaces of the cut. The cut is then preferably used to provide (additional) material for forming.

The receiving volumes for products formed by the formations are particularly suitable for receiving food products. A packaging produced with the packaging element preferably comprises the packaging element and a further packaging element, which can optionally be designed in the same way and produced using the same method and which forms a lid for the packaging element described here and closes it.

Several shapes (e.g. two shapes), each of which forms a receiving volume, can be part of a uniform packaging element. Such a packaging element can, for example, be used to pack a plurality of products in their own holding volumes of a packaging formed with the packaging element. In other embodiment variants, the method can also be used to form shapes or receiving volumes for several packages at the same time as a processing step of forming. The formations or the receiving volumes are then preferably separated from one another in order to form individual packaging elements.

The parallel production of a plurality of shapes or receiving volumes is, for example, advantageous in order to efficiently produce a large number of packaging elements.

In addition, the method described makes it possible for the processing of the flat fiber material during the production of packaging elements to separate so-called functional areas of the flat fiber material from the deformation areas in which the shape is introduced by the forming process in step b). Particularly preferred is the secondary area, an intermediate area, which is arranged between the at least one formation and such a functional area.

Such functional areas can be, for example, areas that serve to transport the flat fiber material. For example, these can be edge areas in which the flat fiber material rests and is conveyed in order to be conveyed from a cutting tool for carrying out step a) to a forming tool for carrying out step b) and further. As will be described in detail below, material of the flat fiber material can be moved from the area of the cuts towards the shape through the forming. Such material shifts may affect the functional areas described. This can be prevented by making cuts in an intermediate area between the functional areas and the formations. For example, such functional areas can be arranged in an edge region of a web of the flat fiber material, which serve to convey the flat fiber material (material transport).

It is particularly advantageous if the forming process is a deep-drawing process. Another alternative forming process that can be used here is, for example, press forming.

In principle, steep flanks of shapes can be produced using deep-drawing processes. However, the ability to process flat fiber materials in deep-drawing processes is limited because there is a risk that flat fiber materials will tear during deep drawing. When deep drawing, process control is crucial; if material flows easily, it doesn't tear, but you get more wrinkles. Wrinkles can be accepted if necessary or the development of wrinkles can be consciously accepted and supported. However, it is often advantageous to control the deep-drawing process so that only as many folds as necessary are created without the material tearing. This can be supported by the cuts described. In addition, appropriate cuts can cause folds to form in a specific way (at predetermined positions and with a predetermined orientation).

By creating cuts in the flat fiber material as described here Forming significantly improves the possibilities of processing fiber materials using deep-drawing processes.

It is also advantageous if the flat fiber material is provided for the process as material from the roll.

The flat fiber material is preferably provided in the form of a web, particularly preferably as an endless material. The provision of the flat fiber material from the roll enables efficient processing of the flat fiber material in a production line as a device for carrying out the method described, in which the individual process steps a) and b) are arranged one behind the other along the direction of travel of the flat fiber material from the roll.

Particularly in the case of processing the flat fiber material in the form of a web or as an endless material from the roll, it is useful to provide additional functional areas that enable guidance and transport of the flat fiber material and, if necessary, also by cuts from the areas to form the Formation can be separated.

In alternative embodiments, blanks of the fiber-based packaging material can also be fed to the forming unit.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if, when applying the forming process to the flat fiber material, shifts of surface sections of the flat fiber material occur away from the at least one cut and towards the formations.

This means in particular that such surface sections are moved away from the cuts towards the formation and in particular are pulled by the forming tool.

The cuts enable independent displacement of surface sections during the forming process towards the individual shapes.

By shifting, fiber material can be brought into areas in which the fiber material is stretched due to the deformation. By specifically allowing displacements of surface sections of the fiber material, it is possible to achieve higher degrees of deformation in step b). For example, the forming in step b) makes it possible to create deeper shapes with steeper flanks. In addition, the creation of desired folds to form the shape can be supported.

It is also advantageous if a displacement of at least one surface section of the flat fiber material is controlled during the execution of step b).

During step b), a forming tool or parts of a forming tool are preferably moved in order to carry out the forming. The flat fiber material is preferably stretched in sections by the movement of the forming tool. By controlling the displacement of a surface section of the flat fiber material in step b), the expansion of the flat fiber material during forming is preferably compensated for by the controlled provision of additional flat fiber material. The additional fiber material is brought by the displacement from areas of the flat fiber material in the area of the formation in which expansion occurs. The amount of elongation required to achieve certain degrees of deformation of the flat fiber material is thereby reduced. Against the background of a material-related maximum expansion of the flat fiber material, the possible degree of deformation of the flat fiber material is increased by allowing controlled displacements.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if a surface section whose movement is controlled in step b) is arranged between the at least one formation and the at least one cut introduced in step a).

Furthermore, it is advantageous if a movement of a surface section of the flat fiber material is controlled with a hold-down device, which applies a defined holding force to the surface section.

Very particularly preferably, at least one hold-down device acts on the flat fiber material in the intermediate region. Very particularly preferably, the hold-down device can be moved independently of a forming tool for forming and can apply a defined holding force to the flat fiber material. These hold-down devices preferably have movable stamps with a stamp drive, which can be controlled in a targeted manner in order to adjust the holding force. The holding force preferably acts in a vertical (normal) direction on the flat fiber material. When the flat fiber material is displaced, the holding force preferably generates a frictional force which counteracts the displacement of the flat fiber material and which depends on the holding force via a coefficient of friction. By adjusting the holding force This allows you to adjust the force that counteracts the displacement of the flat fiber material and a controlled sliding (shift) of the flat fiber material in the direction of the shape can be achieved.

It is also advantageous if in step a) at least one pair of crossed cuts is made in the flat fiber material, which divides the surrounding flat fiber material into four areas, with a shape being produced in each of the four areas in step b).

The crossed cuts are in particular crossed at right angles to one another. The cuts preferably cross each other in the middle, so that the cuts in particular form a cross with four arms of equal length. The four areas into which the surrounding flat fiber material is divided preferably form quadrants of this cross.

It is further advantageous if in step a) at least one arrangement of spaced-apart cuts is introduced into the flat fiber material, which encloses an area in which at least one shape is produced in step b), the area being formed by web sections arranged between the cuts is connected to adjacent areas of the flat fiber material.

In this context, it is also advantageous if in step a) a pattern consisting of a large number of cuts is introduced into the flat fiber material, so that regions of the flat fiber material that are connected to one another only via web sections are created, with the formations in each of the regions be generated.

Particularly preferably, the cuts form a regular pattern which divides the flat fiber material into a large number of individual areas for the formation of shapes according to step b), the individual areas being connected to one another by web sections. The individual areas are preferably each rectangular or square.

In the case of crossed cuts, each area is preferably surrounded by a total of four crossed cuts to form a shape. Particularly preferred is the shape of the area and the arrangement of the cuts around this area symmetrically to the shape produced in step b). Web sections that connect individual areas to one another are then preferably arranged at corners of the rectangular or square areas.

In the case of non-crossed, individual cuts, four individual cuts preferably surround an area for forming a shape in step b). These cuts are preferably arranged in pairs opposite one another and at 90 degree angles to one another around the area for training. Particularly preferred is the shape of the area and the arrangement of the area around this area symmetrically to the shape produced in step b). Web sections that connect individual areas to one another are then preferably arranged on the long sides of the rectangular or square areas.

• c) Unterteilen des flächigen Fasermaterials, so dass eine Mehrzahl von Einzelverpackungselementen entsteht, die jeweils mindestens eine Ausformung umfassen, welche ein Aufnahmevolumen für ein Produkt bildet.

It is also advantageous if the following processing step is carried out after step b):

• c) dividing the flat fiber material so that a plurality of individual packaging elements are created, each of which comprises at least one shape which forms a receiving volume for a product.

Individual packaging elements can each have exactly one shape or several shapes. The process enables the efficient parallel production of a large number of packaging elements.

It is further advantageous if the flat fiber material has at least one marking, wherein in step a) the flat fiber material is aligned using the at least one marking in order to make the at least one cut at a designated position in the flat fiber material, in step b ) the flat fiber material is also aligned based on the at least one marking, so that the at least two formations are produced in intended areas aligned relative to the at least one cut.

The marking can, for example, be an optical marking that is printed on the flat fiber material and which is recognized, for example, by an optical sensor in order to carry out an alignment and, if necessary, positioning of the flat fiber material. The marking can, for example, also be a mechanical marking, which is detected, for example, with a scanning sensor in order to carry out an alignment and, if necessary, positioning of the flat fiber material.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the flat fiber material tears at at least one web section between at least two cuts made in step a) during the implementation of step b).

The tearing is preferably carried out in a targeted manner in order to produce the desired separation of individual sections with formations of the flat fiber material.

Also to be described here is a device for carrying out the method described, comprising at least one cutting tool for making at least one cut in the flat fiber material according to step a) and at least one forming tool for producing at least one shape in the flat fiber material according to step b).

In addition, a packaging element produced according to the method described, in particular with a device described, will be described.

It should be pointed out that the special advantages and design features described in connection with the method described above can also be applied and transferred to the device described and in particular to the packaging element described, produced by the method and preferably produced with the device.

The device described optionally also has at least partial tools with which the flat fiber material can be divided after the formation of shapes. The partial tool, like the cutting tool, can comprise cutting means or cutting tools.

The forming tool is preferably a deep-drawing tool, which preferably has a mold and a stamp, the flat fiber material being pressed into the mold by the stamp in order to reshape the flat fiber material and produce the shape. Particularly preferably, the forming tool also has the hold-down devices already described above, with which a defined holding force can be applied to sections of the flat fiber material during forming.

Particularly preferably, the individual tools of the device are arranged one behind the other as stations in order to process a flat fiber material provided by the roll (as an endless material).

• 1: ein flächiges Fasermaterial, welches mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren bearbeitet wird;
• 2: ein weiteres flächiges Fasermaterial, welches mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren bearbeitet wird;
• 3: eine beschriebene Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des beschriebenen Verfahrens;
• 4: schematisch einen Ausschnitt des flächigen Fasermaterials bei der Bearbeitung mit einem Umformwerkzeug vor der eigentlichen Umformung;
• 5: schematisch einen Schnitt durch das Umformwerkzeug mit dem darin angeordneten flächigen Fasermaterial während der Bearbeitung mit dem Umformwerkzeug; und
• 6: schematisch einen Schnitt durch das Umformwerkzeug mit dem darin angeordneten flächigen Fasermaterial nach der Bearbeitung mit dem Umformwerkzeug.

The invention and the technical environment of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. The figures show preferred exemplary embodiments to which the invention is not limited. It should be particularly noted that the figures and in particular the size relationships shown in the figures are only schematic. Show it:

• 1 : a flat fiber material which is processed using the method described;
• 2 : another flat fiber material, which is processed using the method described;
• 3 : a described device for carrying out the described method;
• 4 : schematically a section of the flat fiber material during processing with a forming tool before the actual forming;
• 5 : schematically a section through the forming tool with the flat fiber material arranged therein during processing with the forming tool; and
• 6 : schematically a section through the forming tool with the flat fiber material arranged therein after processing with the forming tool.

1 and 2 each show flat fiber materials 2, which are processed using the method described here. On the left, a state of the flat fiber material 2 is shown, which is present after step a). Cuts 3 are made into the flat fiber material 2. The cuts 3 form a pattern which defines a plurality of areas 11 between the cuts 3. In the areas 11, the flat fiber material 2 can then be shaped in a particularly advantageous manner in the subsequent processing step b). The cuts 3 preferably each form arrangements 12 which enclose the individual areas 11. There are preferably web sections 13 between the cuts 3, which connect the individual areas 11 to one another and which, in particular, also enable mechanical stability of the flat fiber material 2 during further transport (from one processing station to the next processing station). The cuts 3 are each arranged in secondary areas or intermediate areas 5 between (adjacent) areas 11.

Both according to 1 as well as according to 2 the areas 11 are each rectangular with four corners and four side boundary lines.

According to the 1 an embodiment variant is shown in which web sections 13 are each arranged at corners of the areas 11. The secondary areas or intermediate areas 5 are then located between the long sides of the areas 11. According to 2 an embodiment variant is shown, in which web sections 13 each are arranged on the long sides of the areas 11. The secondary areas or intermediate areas 5 are then located between corners of the areas 11.

In the right part of the 1 and 2 A state is shown in each case which is present after step b), so that formations 4 are formed in the flat fiber material 2. The formations 4 each form receiving volumes 6 of packaging elements 1.

The flat fiber material 2 is preferably provided by the roll (in particular as an endless material). The flat fiber material preferably has 2 markings 14, which are used for alignment in step a) and in step b), so that the formations 4 in step b) are produced by forming in the areas 11, which in step a). Making the cuts 3 are predefined.

In the 1 and 2 It is shown in each case that the flat fiber material 2 has functional areas 30 on the edge, which serve in particular to transport or promote the flat fiber material 2 during the manufacturing process. These functional areas 30 are preferably also delimited from the formations 4 by cuts 3 or cuts 3 are preferably also located in secondary areas between the functional areas 30 and the formations 4. These functional areas 30 are also preferably connected to the areas 11 by web sections 13.

3 shows schematically a device 15 for carrying out the method described. The device 15 preferably has three stations which process the flat fiber material 2 provided by the roll (as endless material) one after the other, namely a station with a cutting tool 16 (for carrying out step a)), a station with a forming tool 17 (for carrying out Step b)) and a station with a partial tool 18 (for carrying out step c)).

In the 4 , 5 and 6 step b) of the method described and the forming tool 17 used to carry out step b) are shown in detail. It should be pointed out again that the 4 , 5 and 6 are schematic principle sketches that are intended to illustrate the processes involved in carrying out the method described and do not represent exact relationships as they occur when carrying out the method. The 4 shows a section of the flat fiber material 2, which shows exactly an area 11 of the flat fiber material 2 with surrounding cuts 3. Are preferred (as in 1 and 2 shown) a variety of adjacent areas 11 executed accordingly. The 5 shows the forming tool 17, as shown in FIG 4 marked plane AA acts on the flat fiber material 2. The forming tool is only in 5 shown and not in 4 to enable a clearer display. 6 now shows schematically a possible change compared to that 4 , which resulted from the shaping of the flat fiber material 2. Below is the first 5 explained in more detail and then based on the 4 and 6 explains how the forming tool 17 affects the flat fiber material in step b) and what influence the cuts 3 have in this context.

5 shows the forming tool 17 with a die 25 and a stamp 26, between which the flat fiber material 2 is arranged. The flat fiber material 2 preferably has a thickness 28, which is uniform in the undeformed flat fiber material 2 and is changed in areas and in particular reduced by the deformation. The flat fiber material 2 is pressed into the die 25 with the stamp 26. It is reshaped and the shape 4 is formed, which forms the receiving volume 6 of the packaging element 1 and which preferably has an edge region 22, a wall region 23 and a bottom region 24, which are marked here and further below using the 6 will be explained in more detail. In 5 The (original) plane 27 of the (undeformed) flat fiber material 2 is shown. The receiving volume 6 of the formation 4 is the volume between this plane 27 and the deformed flat fiber material 2. The formation 4 preferably has a depth 29, which is determined by the distance between the floor area 24 and the level 27 is defined. The depth of the formation 4 usually does not correspond exactly to the depth between the plane 27 and the bottom area 24, since the flat fiber material 2 (depending on the structure) can spring back slightly (approx. 10%), and the thickness 28 of the flat fiber material must also be 2 will be taken into account in 5 A hold-down device 8 is shown, which applies a defined holding force 9 to the flat fiber material 2 in surface sections 7. This controls a displacement of flat fiber material 2 from the cuts 3 towards the formation 4 or towards areas of the flat fiber material 2 that are stretched during the forming.

In 4 A state of the flat fiber material 2 is now shown before the forming or at the beginning of the forming. The area 11 of the flat fiber material 2, in which the forming is carried out, is shown centrally. On the four sides, the area is surrounded by cuts 3, each of which is in a (schematically) indicated intermediate area 5 between adjacent ones Areas 11 is located. In surface sections 7 between the area 11 and the cuts 3, a hold-down device 8 acts on the flat fiber material 2. The hold-down device 8 shown here is shown schematically and is arranged between the cuts 3 and the formation 4 or the area 11 for the formation 4, because it affects surface sections 7 at these locations. If necessary, a (common) hold-down device 8 acting on both sides of a cut 3 could also be provided, which overlaps a cut 3 and which acts accordingly on surface sections 7 on both sides of a cut 3.

According to 6 The formation 4 is now formed in the area 11, which forms the receiving volume 6. The formation 4 has an edge region 22, which still remains in the original plane 27 of the (undeformed) flat fiber material 2, as well as a bottom region 24, which was moved out of the plane 27 by the forming and over a wall region 23 with the edge region 22 connected is. Particularly in the wall area 23, expansions of the flat fiber material 2 have occurred as a result of the forming, which fundamentally changes the thickness 28 of the flat fiber material 2. However, by moving surface sections 7 of the flat fiber material 2 from the cuts 3 towards the shape 4, this reduction in thickness 28 in the edge regions 22 is reduced, so that higher degrees of deformation of the flat fiber material 2 are made possible. If necessary, the displacement also allows folds to arise in the flat fiber material 2, which promote the creation of the desired shape 4. The displacement of surface sections 7 is accompanied by an opening of the cuts 3. The cut surfaces 19 of the cuts 3 preferably diverge, so that an opening distance 20 of the cut surfaces 19 is created, which forms an opening surface 21. The fiber material displaced out of the opening surface 21 is preferably available for the deformation in step b) and somewhat compensates for the changes in the thickness 28 that occur during forming or promotes the desired deformation/forming by allowing folds.

Reference symbol list

1

Packaging element

2

flat fiber material

3

cut

4

shaping

5

Side area

6

Recording volume

7

area section

8th

Hold-down device

9

defined holding force

10

Couple

11

Area

12

arrangement

13

Bridge section

14

mark

15

contraption

16

cutting tool

17

forming tool

18

Part tool

19

Cut surfaces

20

Opening distance

21

Opening area

22

Edge area

23

Wall area

24

floor area

25

die

26

Rubber stamp

27

level

28

thickness

29

depth

30

functional area

Claims (15)

Method for producing at least one packaging element (1) from a flat fiber material (2), comprising the following steps: a) making at least one cut (3) into the flat fiber material (2); b) applying a forming process to the flat fiber material (2) in order to produce at least one formation (4) in the flat fiber material (2), wherein the at least one formation (4) is positioned such that the at least one cut (3) in a secondary area (5) is arranged next to the at least one formation (4), the at least one formation (4) forming a receiving volume (6) for a product. Procedure according to Claim 1 , whereby the forming process is a deep-drawing process. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the flat fiber material (2) is provided for the process as material from the roll. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein when the forming process is applied to the flat fiber material (2), surface sections (7) of the flat fiber material (2) are shifted away from the at least one cut (3) and towards the at least one shape ( 4) occurs. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a displacement of at least one surface section (7) of the flat fiber material (2) is controlled during the execution of step b). Procedure according to Claim 5 , wherein a surface section (7), the movement of which is controlled in step b), is arranged between the at least one formation (4) and the at least one cut (3) introduced in step a). Procedure according to Claim 5 or 6 , wherein a movement of a surface section (7) of the flat fiber material (2) is controlled with a hold-down device (8), which applies a defined holding force (9) to the surface section (7). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in step a) at least one pair (10) of crossed cuts (3) is introduced into the flat fiber material (2), which divides the surrounding flat fiber material (2) into four areas (11). , wherein in step b) a molding (4) is produced in each of the four areas (11). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in step a) at least one arrangement (12) of spaced apart cuts (3) is introduced into the flat fiber material (2), which encloses an area (11), in which in step b) at least a shape (4) is produced, the area (11) being connected to adjacent areas (11) of the flat fiber material (2) by web sections (13) arranged between the cuts (3). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in step a) a pattern consisting of a plurality of cuts (3) is introduced into the flat fiber material (2), so that regions (11) of the flat material that are only connected to one another via web sections (13) are formed Fiber material (2) are produced, the formations (4) being produced in the areas (11). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the following processing step is carried out after step b): c) dividing the flat fiber material (2) so that a plurality of individual packaging elements are created, each of which comprises at least one molding (4) which forms a receiving volume (6) for a product. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat fiber material (2) has at least one marking (14), wherein in step a) the flat fiber material (2) is aligned based on the at least one marking (14) around the at least one cut (3) at a designated position in the flat fiber material (2), wherein in step b) the flat fiber material (2) is also aligned based on the at least one marking (14), so that the at least two formations (4) in intended areas (11) aligned relative to the at least one cut (3) are produced. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flat fiber material (2) tears during the implementation of step b) on at least one web section (13) between at least two cuts (3) made in step a). Device (15) for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one cutting tool (16) for making at least one cut (3) in the flat fiber material (2) according to step a), and at least one forming tool (17) for production of at least one formation (4) in the flat fiber material (2) according to step b). Packaging element (1) produced by a method according to one of Claims 1 until 12 in particular with a device (15) according to Claim 14 .

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