DE102022112394A1 - Fuel cell unit powered system, method of operating a fuel cell unit powered system and use of a fuel cell device - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to provide a system which is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit of a fuel cell device, the fuel cell device comprising a housing in which the at least one fuel cell unit is arranged, and a line system with line devices for an oxidation medium, a fuel medium and for ventilating the housing improve, it is proposed that in at least one ventilation mode a ventilation fluid flows in the line device for ventilating the housing by exploiting an event external to the fuel cell device, in particular external to the system, in particular an external event of a fluid and / or one of the fuel cell device external fluid flow device, is at least supported.

Description

The invention relates to a system which is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit of a fuel cell device.

The invention also relates to a method for operating a system that is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit of a fuel cell device.

The invention also relates to a use of a fuel cell device comprising at least one fuel cell unit.

The invention is based on the object of improving such a system and/or such a method for operating a system and/or using a fuel cell device.

In embodiments of the invention, this object is achieved in that the fuel cell device of the system comprises a housing in which the at least one fuel cell unit is arranged, and a line system with line devices for an oxidation medium, a fuel medium and for ventilating the housing and in at least one ventilation mode a flow of a ventilation fluid in the line device for ventilating the housing is at least supported by exploiting an event external to the fuel cell device, in particular external to the system, preferably by exploiting an external event of a fluid and / or an external event of a fluid flow device external to the fuel cell device is at least supported.

In particular, an advantage of the invention can be seen in the fact that by exploiting the external situation, in particular the fluid and/or the external fluid flow device, the flow of the ventilation fluid for ventilation of the housing is at least supported and thus the fuel cell device uses at least less energy due to the external support Ventilation of the housing must be applied and the efficiency can advantageously be increased.

It is particularly advantageous if the external support uses residual energy and/or an already existing flow of a fluid and/or an already existing pressure difference in the fluid in order to increase the efficiency of the system.

For example, the fuel cell device can also be designed to be simpler because external events are used to support the flow of the ventilation fluid.

Advantageously, by aerating the housing, in particular by flushing around the at least one fuel cell unit, through the ventilation fluid, undesired fluid components, in particular, for example, fuel medium components escaping due to leaks in the at least one fuel cell unit, are carried away from an interior of the housing, so that in particular there is a risk for damage and/or explosion in the fuel cell device is at least reduced.

It is particularly advantageous if, in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of the ventilation fluid in the line device for ventilation of the housing is driven at least substantially externally by the fuel cell device, in particular externally by the system.

Thus, in this at least one ventilation mode, at least essentially no energy has to be applied by the fuel cell device, for example by the system for flowing the ventilation fluid, so that its efficiency is increased and yet ventilation of the housing is ensured.

In some advantageous embodiments, the external event of the fluid is a flow of the fluid.

In some advantageous embodiments, the external condition of the fluid is a pressure of the fluid.

In particular, an increased pressure or a lower pressure of the fluid, in particular in the environment of the system, is exploited, with the fluid at an increased pressure advantageously flowing as a ventilation fluid due to the higher pressure essentially by itself into the line device for ventilating the housing or the lower pressure of the fluid is used to suck out a ventilation fluid from the line device for ventilating the housing.

No more detailed information has yet been provided regarding the design of the ventilation device for ventilating the housing.

In particular, the ventilation device for ventilating the housing comprises supplying a ventilation fluid into an interior of the housing Housing a ventilation device having at least one ventilation line with advantageously a ventilation inlet.

Preferably, at least one ventilation line leads from the ventilation inlet to a ventilation opening in the housing and advantageously opens into the interior of the housing at the ventilation opening.

In particular, the ventilation device for ventilating the housing for discharging a ventilation fluid from an interior of the housing comprises a ventilation device having at least one ventilation line and advantageously a ventilation outlet.

Preferably, at least one vent line leads from a vent opening in the housing, at which in particular the at least one vent line opens into the interior of the housing, to the vent outlet.

In advantageous embodiments it is provided that a ventilation inlet of the ventilation device is arranged to open into an environment of the system.

Preferably, an inlet region of the environment, into which the ventilation inlet opens, is located in a high-pressure area of the environment when the system is in at least a proper operating state.

Advantageously, because the ventilation inlet opens into the high-pressure area, a higher pressure of a fluid, in particular an air mixture, in the high-pressure area is used to guide the fluid into the ventilation device and to the housing.

In particular, a pressure of the fluid in the environment, in particular an air mixture, in the high-pressure area is greater than in other parts of the environment, in particular adjacent to the system, and/or greater than a pressure of the fluid averaged in the environment of the system.

It is particularly advantageous if, at least in a proper operating state of the system and in at least one ventilation mode, a pressure of the fluid in the high-pressure area is greater than a pressure of the ventilation fluid in the interior of the housing, so that this pressure difference is exploited by the ventilation device, in particular without further action by the ventilation device to supply the fluid in the high pressure area to the interior of the housing for ventilation.

In particular, it is provided that a ventilation outlet of the ventilation device is arranged to open into an environment of the system.

In advantageous embodiments, it is provided that an outlet area of the environment, into which the ventilation outlet opens, is located in a low-pressure area of the environment when the system is in at least a proper operating state.

Advantageously, a lower pressure of a fluid, in particular an air mixture, in the low-pressure area of the environment is used in order to remove, in particular to suck out, a ventilation fluid from the ventilation device.

In particular, a pressure of the fluid, in particular of the air mixture, in the low-pressure area of the environment is smaller than a pressure thereof at least in further parts of the environment, in particular adjacent to the system, and/or smaller than a pressure of the fluid averaged in the area of the system, in particular of the air mixture.

It is particularly favorable if, at least when the system is in a proper operating state and in at least one ventilation mode, a pressure of the fluid in the low-pressure area is smaller than a pressure of the ventilation fluid in the interior of the housing. This pressure difference is advantageously exploited in such a way that the ventilation fluid is discharged from the interior of the housing into the environment via the ventilation device, in particular without any further action on the part of the ventilation device.

It is particularly advantageous if a pressure of the fluid in the environment is greater in the high-pressure area than in the low-pressure area.

For example, in at least one operating state of the system, a fluid flow occurs in the area surrounding the system.

It is advantageous if the flow flows into the inlet area so that the fluid flow also flows into the ventilation inlet that opens into the inlet area.

In some embodiments, the fluid flow in the environment flows out of the low-pressure area of the environment, at least when the system is in a proper operating state, and advantageously the outflow of fluid is used for venting through the vent outlet that opens into the low-pressure area.

In some advantageous embodiments, a fluid flow in the environment flows from the high pressure area to the low pressure area.

Advantageously, at least part of the flow is directed through the line device to ventilate the housing and the external fluid flow is used to ventilate the housing.

In particularly favorable embodiments, it is provided that the line device for ventilating the housing comprises at least one ventilation line, which is designed to be free of a fluid delivery unit.

In particular, this at least one ventilation line extends from the ventilation inlet to the ventilation opening of the housing.

It is particularly advantageous if the line device for ventilating the housing comprises at least one vent line which is designed to be free of a fluid delivery unit. In particular, this leads at least one ventilation line from the ventilation opening of the housing to the ventilation outlet.

In particular, the external at least support of the flow of the ventilation fluid can be carried out particularly effectively, since no fluid delivery unit is arranged in the ventilation line and/or vent line, which, if the external conditions are sufficient to drive the flow of the ventilation fluid, would not be needed and would act as a throttle could.

In some favorable embodiments it is provided that the system comprises a functional unit with a fluid flow device in which a fluid is converted.

It is preferably provided that the line device for ventilating the housing is connected to the fluid flow device of the functional unit.

In particular, a flow operation of the fluid flow device, for example a fluid flow in it, can be used to at least support a flow of the ventilation fluid.

In particular, the fluid flow device comprises a line device, wherein in particular a fluid flows through the line device at least during a flow operation of the fluid flow device.

In particular, the line device of the fluid flow device comprises at least one drain line, wherein in particular through the drain line a fluid is led away and discharged from the fluid flow device and, for example, the functional unit, for example is drained into the environment of the system.

It is particularly advantageous if the line device for ventilating the housing, in particular its ventilation device and/or its venting device, is connected to the drain line.

For example, a ventilation line leads from the drain line to a ventilation opening in the housing in order to preferably use the discharged fluid for ventilation.

For example, a vent line leads from a vent opening in the housing to the drain line. In particular, the fluid flowing in the drain line is then used as a driving medium in order to suck in the ventilation fluid in the ventilation line as a suction medium and thus also suck the ventilation fluid out of the interior of the housing.

Advantageously, a fluid flowing away from the fluid flow device and in particular any residual energy in its flow is used to ventilate the housing.

Alternatively or additionally, in embodiments of the invention, the underlying object is also achieved in a system which is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit of a fuel cell device, in that the fuel cell device has a housing in which the at least one fuel cell unit is arranged, a line system Line devices for an oxidation medium, for a fuel medium and for ventilation of the housing as well as a switching device for switching between at least two different ventilation modes of the line device for ventilation of the housing.

In particular, the line device for ventilating the housing is designed such that it can be used to ventilate an interior of the housing, in which the at least one fuel cell unit is arranged, in at least two different ventilation modes, it being possible to switch between the different ventilation modes by means of the switching device.

It is particularly advantageous if one or more of the features explained above is/are provided in these embodiments.

In particularly advantageous embodiments, it is provided that in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of a ventilation fluid through the line device for ventilation of the housing is at least supported, preferably at least essentially driven, externally by the fuel cell device, for example externally by the system, in particular as explained above.

In particular, an external condition of a fluid and/or a fluid flow device is utilized.

In some favorable embodiments, it is provided that in at least one ventilation mode, a flow operation in a fluid flow device of a functional unit of the system at least supports, in particular at least essentially drives, a flow of the ventilation fluid in the line device for ventilation of the housing.

For example, the fuel cell device and the system are provided with one or more of the features explained above in this context.

In advantageous embodiments it is provided that, at least in a ventilation mode, a flow of the ventilation fluid in the line device for ventilation of the housing in the fuel cell device is at least supported internally, in particular at least essentially driven.

For example, one advantage of this is that the housing can be ventilated in at least one ventilation mode, regardless of an operating state of the system and/or events in the area surrounding the system.

For example, the line device for ventilating the housing, in particular its ventilation device and/or its venting device, comprises an active fluid delivery unit.

In particular, the actively driven fluid delivery unit functions by supplying external energy, in particular energy supplied externally from a fluid flow, and/or the actively driven fluid delivery unit comprises a fluid delivery element, which is driven in particular by the supply of external energy, for conveying the fluid.

For example, the actively driven fluid delivery unit is a fan or a compressor.

In some favorable embodiments it is provided that in at least one ventilation mode a flow of the ventilation fluid through the active fluid delivery unit of the line device for ventilation of the housing is at least supported, in particular at least substantially driven.

For example, this increases safety in the operation of the system, since in the at least one ventilation mode the housing can be actively ventilated by the fluid delivery unit regardless of other circumstances.

In particularly favorable embodiments, it is provided that in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of the ventilation fluid in the line device for ventilation of the housing is at least supported, in particular at least essentially driven, by utilizing a flow operation in the fuel cell device but externally by the line device for ventilation of the housing.

For example, the efficiency of the fuel cell device is increased in such a ventilation mode, since a flow operation that is already present in the fuel cell device is used to ventilate the housing.

Preferably, a flow of a fluid and/or a pressure difference in a fluid and/or at least one flow element is utilized in particular in the line device for the oxidation medium and/or, for example, in the line device for the fuel medium in such a ventilation mode.

The switching device can switch between the different ventilation modes in a variety of ways and select a corresponding ventilation mode.

In some favorable embodiments it is provided that the switching device switches to at least one ventilation mode, in particular to a respective ventilation mode, depending on at least one operating state of the system.

In some advantageous embodiments it is provided that the switching device switches to at least one ventilation mode, in particular to a respective ventilation mode, depending on at least one event external to the system.

For example, the external event is an event of a fluid and/or a fluid flow device external to the system tion, in particular an external event as explained above, in particular a flow and/or a pressure of a fluid.

In some preferred embodiments, it is provided that the switching device switches to at least one ventilation mode, in particular to a respective ventilation mode, depending on at least one event external to the fuel cell device, which is present in particular internally in the system.

For example, the external event, depending on which the switching device switches, is a functional state of a functional unit of the system.

It is particularly favorable if the external event, depending on which the switching device switches, is a flow condition of a fluid, in particular the flow condition of the fluid being external to the fuel cell device, for example in a flow device of a functional unit of the system, and/or the flow condition of the fluid is present in a line system of the fuel cell device, in particular in the line device for the oxidation medium or, for example, in the line device for the fuel medium.

For example, the flow condition of the fluid is a flow velocity and/or an enforced volume flow of the fluid and/or a pressure difference in the fluid.

In some particularly advantageous embodiments, the switching device switches depending on one, preferably several, of the criteria mentioned above and, for example, depending on a further criterion and/or several further criteria.

In particular, the switching device can switch in a ventilation mode that matches the criteria.

It is particularly favorable if the line device for ventilating the housing has at least one line branch, with the ventilation fluid flowing through a respective line connected to the line branch depending on the ventilation mode.

In particular, at least two line sections are therefore provided in the line device and at least two different ventilation modes, wherein in one of the two ventilation modes the ventilation fluid flows in one of the two line sections, but not through the other of the two line sections and in the other of the two ventilation modes through the other The ventilation fluid flows through two line sections, but does not flow through one of the two line sections.

For example, it is provided that line sections are also formed in the line device, through which the ventilation fluid flows in several ventilation modes.

In some advantageous embodiments, it is provided that at least one line branch is formed in the ventilation device of the line device for ventilating the housing, with the ventilation fluid flowing through a corresponding ventilation line of several ventilation lines leading to the line branch, depending on the ventilation mode.

For example, the ventilation device also has at least one common ventilation section through which the ventilation fluid flows in at least some, for example in all, of the several ventilation modes.

In some advantageous embodiments, it is provided that at least one line branch is formed in the venting device of the line device for ventilating the housing, with the venting fluid flowing through a corresponding venting line of several venting lines leading away from the line branching, depending on the venting mode.

For example, in some embodiments it is provided that, depending on the ventilation mode, the ventilation fluid is sucked out through at least one ventilation line, for example through a corresponding ventilation line leading away from the line branch.

For example, the ventilation device has at least one common ventilation line section through which the ventilation fluid flows at least in some, for example in all, of the several ventilation modes.

According to the invention, a wide variety of systems can be provided as a system that is at least partially operated by the at least one fuel cell unit and this system can be designed in a wide variety of ways.

In some particularly favorable embodiments it is provided that the system is a vehicle.

In particular, the above-mentioned advantages are transferred to the appropriately designed vehicle, with increases in efficiency and/or weight savings and/or installation space savings through appropriate training having a particularly advantageous effect on the vehicle in order to increase its range and/or to reduce the limited installation space in particular cheap to use.

In some favorable embodiments, the vehicle is a land vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, for example a passenger car and/or a truck, and/or a rail vehicle.

In some advantageous embodiments, the vehicle is a watercraft.

In some advantageous embodiments, the vehicle is an aircraft.

In particular, at least two different ventilation modes correspond to different driving modes of the vehicle.

It is particularly advantageous if the switching device switches between at least some ventilation modes and/or selects at least one ventilation mode depending on at least one driving mode of the vehicle, in particular as at least one aspect of an operating state of the system designed as a vehicle.

In particularly advantageous embodiments, it is provided that at least one ventilation mode of the line device for ventilation of the housing corresponds to a continuous driving mode of the vehicle.

In particular, the at least one ventilation mode corresponding to the continuous driving mode is a ventilation mode in which an external event is used for ventilation.

In particular, the corresponding ventilation mode can advantageously be reliably implemented in the continuous driving mode of the vehicle, since in this continuous driving mode an external event relevant and in particular necessary for the ventilation mode is present, in particular continuously.

For example, the external event is a pressure difference external to the vehicle and/or a fluid flow external to the vehicle in the surroundings of the vehicle, which is advantageously present essentially continuously in the continuous driving mode, in particular due to the wind, and so advantageously reliably Ventilation of the housing can at least support.

For example, the external event is one of a functional unit of the system, in particular a functional state of the same and/or, for example, a flow operation in this, wherein advantageously the functional unit in the continuous driving mode at least typically operates essentially continuously and thus advantageously reliably ensures the ventilation of the housing at least can support.

Advantageously, it is provided that the switching device is designed so that it switches to the corresponding ventilation mode when the vehicle is in a proper, continuous driving mode.

In particular, the continuous driving mode of the vehicle is defined in that the vehicle moves continuously, in particular in a forward direction, for example in that a parameter of the driving mode, in particular a minimum driving speed, is present throughout and so advantageously at least one external event relevant to the corresponding ventilation mode typically present throughout.

For example, in an aircraft, the continuous driving mode is a flight mode in which the aircraft flies.

In particular, the continuous driving mode is a long-distance driving mode of the vehicle, in particular of the land vehicle and/or the watercraft and/or the aircraft, in which in particular a minimum speed and/or minimum performance for the vehicle is foreseeable over a longer period of time, in particular over a longer period of time as a predefined time interval, such as when a land vehicle is traveling overland and/or when traveling between two stopping points of a rail vehicle and/or when the aircraft is in flight mode and/or when traveling between two ports of a watercraft.

In particular, the ventilation mode corresponding to the continuous driving mode is a ventilation mode in which an event external to the fuel cell device, in particular an event external to the vehicle, is utilized.

In particular, it is provided that at least one ventilation mode of the line device Device for ventilation of the housing corresponds to a stationary mode of the vehicle and / or to a changing mode of driving operation of the vehicle.

In particular, the changing mode of driving is a mode of the vehicle in which it changes between the stationary mode and a driving mode, in particular, for example, changing more frequently between the stationary mode and the driving mode in a predefined time interval, as is the case, for example, with land vehicles when traffic is at a standstill and / or occurred in a traffic jam and/or in a city in stop-and-go traffic.

For example, the ventilation mode corresponding to the standing mode and/or the alternating mode is a ventilation mode in which the ventilation of the housing is at least supported, preferably at least essentially driven, by an event internal to the fuel cell device, for example by an active fluid delivery unit and/or by a flow operation in the fuel cell device.

In particular, the housing can be ventilated reliably and independently of at least intermittent external events, even in the stationary mode and/or alternating mode of driving of the vehicle.

In embodiments, it is particularly advantageous if the ventilation inlet of the line device for ventilating the housing is arranged in a front area of the vehicle.

In particular, a dynamic pressure area forms in the surroundings of the front area, at least when the vehicle moves forward sufficiently, and in such embodiments an increased pressure of the air mixture in the dynamic pressure area is at least utilized for the ventilation of the housing.

Preferably, it is provided that the inlet area is located in a high-pressure area that forms at least in a continuous driving mode of the vehicle, in particular the surroundings of the front area, which arises in particular as a dynamic pressure area during the forward movement of the vehicle.

It is particularly favorable if the ventilation outlet of the line device for ventilating the housing is arranged in a rear area of the vehicle.

In particular, a negative pressure area forms in the surroundings of the rear area, at least when the vehicle moves forward sufficiently, which in advantageous embodiments is used to at least support the ventilation of the housing.

Advantageously, it is provided that the outlet area is located in a low-pressure area that forms at least in a continuous driving mode of the vehicle, in particular in the vicinity of the rear area, which is in particular the negative pressure area that arises during the forward movement.

For example, the system, in particular the vehicle, includes an engine.

In advantageous embodiments it is provided that the functional unit comprises a flow device for the motor, for example comprises a flow device for cooling the motor.

For example, the system, in particular the vehicle, comprises a passenger interior and advantageously a ventilation device for the passenger interior as a functional unit with a flow device.

For example, the system, in particular the vehicle, includes a drive unit.

In favorable embodiments, it is provided that the drive unit as a functional unit at least supports the flow of the ventilation fluid, at least in a ventilation mode.

In particular, the drive unit comprises as a functional unit a flow device, for example a jet drive unit in a flying vehicle, and advantageously this flow device is used in at least one ventilation mode to at least support the flow of the ventilation fluid.

Alternatively or additionally, the object on which the invention is based is also achieved in embodiments of the invention by a method for operating a system which is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit of a fuel cell device, wherein the fuel cell device comprises a housing in which the at least one fuel cell unit is arranged and in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of a ventilation fluid for ventilating the housing is at least supported, preferably at least essentially driven, by exploiting an event external to the fuel cell device, in particular external to the system, in particular by exploiting an external event The occurrence of a fluid and/or a fluid flow device external to the fuel cell device is at least supported, preferably at least substantially driven.

In particular, one or more advantages are as explained above in connection with the system.

In particular, the method is intended and designed for operating a system with one or preferably several of the features explained above.

In advantageous embodiments, the method has one or more of the features explained above and/or a corresponding corresponding method step, with reference being made to the above explanations of the features in connection with the system in order to avoid repetition.

Alternatively or additionally, the object on which the invention is based is also achieved by a method for operating a system that is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit of a fuel cell device, the fuel cell device comprising a housing in which the at least one fuel cell unit is arranged, and in the method a Switching between at least two different ventilation modes for ventilation of the housing is provided.

Again, the method has, for example, advantages such as those discussed above in connection with the system, in particular in connection with the switching device and switching through it and the ventilation modes, so that reference is made in full to the above statements in order to avoid repetitions.

Advantageously, at least one ventilation mode, i.e. one ventilation mode or several ventilation modes, of the ventilation modes explained above is provided in the methods, so that reference is made in full to the above statements in order to avoid repetitions.

In particular, it is provided that in the methods in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of the ventilation fluid is at least supported externally by the fuel cell device, in particular at least essentially driven.

It is particularly advantageous if, in embodiments of the method, a flow of the ventilation fluid in the fuel cell device is at least supported internally in at least one ventilation mode, in particular at least essentially driven.

For example, the internal at least support is provided by an active fluid delivery unit and/or by utilizing a flow operation in the fuel cell device, but externally by the line device for ventilating the housing.

Again, with regard to the advantages of this and preferred features of the ventilation modes, reference is made in full to the previous statements on the system in this context.

In advantageous embodiments it is provided that switching between different ventilation modes and/or selecting a ventilation mode depends on at least an operating state of the system and/or an event external to the system, in particular an event of a fluid external to the system, and/or an event external to the fuel cell device, in particular a functional state of a functional unit of the system, and/or an external flow condition of a fluid and/or an internal flow condition of a fluid.

In order to avoid repetition, reference is made in full to the above statements on advantages and preferred embodiments.

In some advantageous embodiments, the method for operating a vehicle is provided as a system.

In particularly preferred embodiments, it is provided that switching between different ventilation modes and/or selecting a ventilation mode depends on a driving mode of the vehicle, in particular depending on whether the vehicle is in a continuous driving mode or in a stationary mode and/or in a changing mode of the vehicle Driving operation is completed.

Regarding the advantages of this and other preferred features and corresponding method steps, reference is again made to the above statements in connection with the system in order to avoid repetitions.

In embodiments of the invention, the task mentioned at the beginning is achieved by using Developing a fuel cell device comprising at least one fuel cell unit and a power system for a system and / or a method with one or preferably several features described above is solved.

Above and below, the phrase “at least essentially” in connection with a statement is understood to mean, in particular, that technically-related and/or technically irrelevant deviations from the at least essentially stated information are included.

1. 1. System (100, 110), welches zumindest teilweise durch zumindest eine Brennstoffzelleneinheit (126) einer Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) betrieben wird, wobei die Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) ein Gehäuse (122), in welchem die zumindest eine Brennstoffzelleneinheit (126) angeordnet ist, und ein Leitungssystem (132) mit Leitungseinrichtungen (134, 136, 208) für ein Oxidationsmedium, ein Brennstoffmedium und zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) umfasst und wobei in zumindest einem Durchlüftungsmodus ein Strömen eines Durchlüftungsfluids in der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zum Durchlüften des Gehäuses (122) durch Ausnutzen einer von der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) externen, insbesondere von dem System (100, 110) externen, Begebenheit, insbesondere einer externen Gegebenheit eines Fluids und/oder einer von der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) externen Fluidströmungseinrichtung (316), zumindest unterstützt wird.
2. 2. System nach der Ausführungsform 1, wobei in zumindest einen Durchlüftungsmodus ein Strömen des Durchlüftungsfluids in der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zum Durchlüften des Gehäuses (122) zumindest im Wesentlichen extern von der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) angetrieben wird.
3. 3. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei die externe Begebenheit des Fluids eine Strömung des Fluids und/oder ein Druck des Fluids ist.
4. 4. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei die Lüftungseinrichtung (208) zum Durchlüften des Gehäuses (122) eine zumindest eine von einem Belüftungseinlass (242) zu einer Belüftungsöffnung (224) des Gehäuses (122) führende Belüftungsleitung (214) aufweisende Belüftungseinrichtung (212) zum Zuführen eines Durchlüftungsfluids in einen Innenraum (128) des Gehäuses (122) und/oder eine zumindest eine von einer Entlüftungsöffnung (228) des Gehäuses (122) hinweg zu einem Entlüftungsauslass (246) führende Entlüftungsleitung (218) aufweisende Entlüftungseinrichtung (216) zum Abführen eines Durchlüftungsfluids aus einem Innenraum (128) des Gehäuses (122) umfasst.
5. 5. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei ein Belüftungseinlass (242) der Belüftungseinrichtung (212) in eine Umgebung des Systems (100, 110) sich öffnend angeordnet ist, wobei insbesondere ein Einlassbereich (244) der Umgebung, in welchen sich der Belüftungseinlass (242) öffnet, bei zumindest einem ordnungsgemäßen Betriebszustand des Systems (100, 110) in einem Hochdruckgebiet (252) der Umgebung gelegen ist.
6. 6. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei ein Entlüftungsauslass (246) der Entlüftungseinrichtung (216) in eine Umgebung des Systems (100, 110) sich öffnend angeordnet ist, wobei insbesondere ein Auslassbereich (248) der Umgebung, in welchen der Entlüftungsauslass (246) sich öffnet, bei zumindest einem ordnungsgemäßen Betriebszustand des Systems (100, 110) in einem Niederdruckgebiet (256) der Umgebung gelegen ist.
7. 7. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei die Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) zumindest eine Belüftungsleitung (214) und/oder zumindest eine Entlüftungsleitung (218) umfasst, die frei von einer Fluidfördereinheit ausgebildet ist.
8. 8. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei das System (100, 110) eine Funktionseinheit (312) mit einer Fluidströmungseinrichtung (316), in welcher ein Fluid umgesetzt wird, umfasst und wobei die Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) mit der Fluidströmungseinrichtung (316) der Funktionseinheit (312) verbunden ist.
9. 9. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei eine Leitungsvorrichtung (314) der Fluidströmungseinrichtung (316) zumindest eine Abflussleitung (324) umfasst, mit welcher die Leitungseinrichtung (208) zum Durchlüften des Gehäuses (122), insbesondere deren Belüftungseinrichtung (212) und/oder deren Entlüftungseinrichtung (216), verbunden ist.
10. 10. System (100, 110), insbesondere nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, welches zumindest teilweise durch zumindest eine Brennstoffzelleneinheit (126) einer Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) betrieben wird, wobei die Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) ein Gehäuse (122), in welchem die zumindest eine Brennstoffzelleneinheit (126) angeordnet ist, ein Leitungssystem (132) mit Leitungseinrichtungen (134, 136, 208) für ein Oxidationsmedium, für ein Brennstoffmedium und zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) sowie eine Schalteinrichtung (292) zum Schalten zwischen zumindest zwei verschiedenen Durchlüftungsmodi der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) umfasst.
11. 11. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei bei zumindest einem Durchlüftungsmodus ein Strömen eines Durchlüftungsfluids durch die Leitungseinrichtung (208) zum Durchlüften des Gehäuses (122) extern von der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) zumindest unterstützt wird, insbesondere zumindest im Wesentlichen angetrieben wird.
12. 12. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei zumindest in einem Durchlüftungsmodus ein Strömen des Durchlüftungsfluids in der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) intern zumindest unterstützt wird, insbesondere zumindest im Wesentlichen angetrieben wird.
13. 13. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei in zumindest einem Durchlüftungsmodus ein Strömen des Durchlüftungsfluids in der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) durch eine aktive Fluidfördereinheit (264) der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) zumindest unterstützt wird, insbesondere zumindest im Wesentlichen angetrieben wird.
14. 14. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei in zumindest einem Durchlüftungsmodus ein Strömen des Durchlüftungsfluids in der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) durch Ausnutzung eines Strömungsbetriebs in der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) aber extern von der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122), insbesondere durch Ausnutzen einer Strömung eines Fluids und/oder eines Druckunterschieds bei einem Fluid und/oder zumindest eines Strömungselementes in der Leitungseinrichtungen (136) für das Oxidationsmedium, zumindest unterstützt wird, insbesondere zumindest im Wesentlichen angetrieben wird.
15. 15. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei die Schalteinrichtung (292) in Abhängigkeit zumindest von einem Betriebszustand des Systems (100, 110) und/oder einer von dem System (100, 110) externen Begebenheit, insbesondere einer von dem System externen Begebenheit eines Fluids, und/oder einer von der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) externen Begebenheit, insbesondere eines Funktionszustandes einer Funktionseinheit (312) des Systems (100, 110), und/oder einer Strömungsbedingung eines Fluids, insbesondere extern von der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) und/oder in einem Leitungssystem (132) der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120), in zumindest einen Durchlüftungsmodus schaltet.
16. 16. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei die Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) zumindest eine Leitungsverzweigung (268, 284) aufweist, wobei je nach Durchlüftungsmodus durch eine jeweilige an die Leitungsverzweigung (268, 284) angeschlossene Leitung das Durchlüftungsfluid strömt.
17. 17. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei in der Belüftungseinrichtung (212) der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) zumindest eine Leitungsverzweigung (268, 284) ausgebildet ist, wobei je nach Durchlüftungsmodus das Durchlüftungsfluid durch eine entsprechende Belüftungsleitung (214, 214I, 214II) von mehreren zu der Leitungsverzweigung (268, 284) hinführenden Belüftungsleitungen (214, 214I, 214II) strömt.
18. 18. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei in der Entlüftungseinrichtung (216) der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) zumindest eine Leitungsverzweigung (268, 284) ausgebildet ist, wobei je nach Durchlüftungsmodus das Durchlüftungsfluid durch eine entsprechende Entlüftungsleitung (218, 218I, 218II) von mehreren von der Leitungsverzweigung (268, 284) hinweg führenden Entlüftungsleitungen (218, 218I, 218II) strömt.
19. 19. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei dieses ein Fahrzeug (110) ist, insbesondere ein Landfahrzeug, insbesondere ein Kraftfahrzeug (110a) und/oder ein Schienenfahrzeug (110c), und/oder ein Wasserfahrzeug (110d) und/oder ein Luftfahrzeug (110b) ist.
20. 20. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei zumindest ein Durchlüftungsmodus der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) zu einem durchgängigen Fahrmodus des Fahrzeugs (110) korrespondiert.
21. 21. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei zumindest ein Durchlüftungsmodus der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) zu einem Standmodus und/oder Wechselmodus des Fahrbetriebs des Fahrzeugs korrespondiert.
22. 22. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei der Belüftungseinlass (242) der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) in einem Frontbereich (257) des Fahrzeugs (110) angeordnet ist.
23. 23. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei der Entlüftungsauslass (246) der Leitungseinrichtung (208) zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) in einen Heckbereich (259) des Fahrzeugs angeordnet ist.
24. 24. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei die Funktionseinheit (312) eine Strömungseinrichtung für einen Motor insbesondere des Fahrzeugs, insbesondere zum Kühlen des Motors, umfasst.
25. 25. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei die Funktionseinheit eine Strömungseinrichtung zur Belüftung eines Insasseninnenraums insbesondere des Fahrzeugs (110) umfasst.
26. 26. System (100, 110) nach einer der voranstehenden Ausführungsformen, wobei die Funktionseinheit (312) eine Strömungseinrichtung einer Antriebseinheit insbesondere des Fahrzeugs (110) umfasst.
27. 27. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines zumindest teilweise durch zumindest eine Brennstoffzelleneinheit (126) einer Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) betriebenen Systems, wobei die Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) ein Gehäuse (122), in welchem die zumindest eine Brennstoffzelleneinheit (126) angeordnet ist, umfasst und wobei in zumindest einem Durchlüftungsmodus ein Strömen eines Durchlüftungsfluids zum Durchlüften des Gehäuses (122) durch Ausnutzen einer von der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) externen, insbesondere von dem System (100, 110) externen, Begebenheit, insbesondere einer externen Begebenheit eines Fluids und/oder einer von der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) externen Fluidströmungseinrichtung (316), zumindest unterstützt wird, insbesondere zumindest im Wesentlichen angetrieben wird.
28. 28. Verfahren insbesondere nach der voranstehenden Ausführungsform, zum Betreiben eines zumindest teilweise durch zumindest eine Brennstoffzelleneinheit (126) einer Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) betriebenen Systems, wobei die Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) ein Gehäuse (122), in welchem die zumindest eine Brennstoffzelleneinheit (126) angeordnet ist, umfasst und wobei bei dem Verfahren zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) ein Schalten zwischen zumindest zwei verschiedenen Durchlüftungsmodi zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) vorgesehen ist.
29. 29. Verfahren nach einer der voranstehenden auf ein Verfahren gerichteter Ausführungsformen, wobei bei zumindest einem Durchlüftungsmodus ein Strömen eines Durchlüftungsfluids zum Durchlüften des Gehäuses (122) extern von der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) zumindest unterstützt wird, insbesondere zumindest im Wesentlichen angetrieben wird.
30. 30. Verfahren nach einer der voranstehenden auf ein Verfahren gerichteter Ausführungsformen, wobei bei zumindest einem Durchlüftungsmodus ein Strömen des Durchlüftungsfluids zum Durchlüften des Gehäuses (122) in der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) intern zumindest unterstützt wird, insbesondere zumindest im Wesentlichen angetrieben wird.
31. 31. Verfahren nach einer der voranstehenden auf ein Verfahren gerichteter Ausführungsformen, wobei ein Schalten zwischen unterschiedlichen Durchlüftungsmodi und/oder ein Auswählen eines Durchlüftungsmodus in Abhängigkeit zumindest von einem Betriebszustand des Systems (100, 110) und/oder einer von dem System (100, 110) externen Begebenheit, insbesondere einer von dem System (100, 110) externen Begebenheit eines Fluids, und/oder einer von der Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120) externen Begebenheit, insbesondere eines Funktionszustandes einer Funktionseinheit des Systems und/oder einer externen Strömungsbedingung eines Fluids und/oder einer internen Strömungsbedingung eines Fluids erfolgt.
32. 32. Verfahren nach einer der voranstehenden auf ein Verfahren gerichteter Ausführungsformen, wobei das System (100, 110) ein Fahrzeug (110) ist und ein Schalten zwischen unterschiedlichen Durchlüftungsmodi und/oder ein Auswählen eines Durchlüftungsmodus in Abhängigkeit eines Fahrmodus des Fahrzeugs erfolgt, insbesondere in Abhängigkeit davon erfolgt, ob das Fahrzeug (110) in einem durchgängigen Fahrmodus oder einem Standmodus und/oder einem Wechselmodus des Fahrbetriebs betrieben wird.
33. 33. Verfahren nach einer der voranstehenden auf ein Verfahren gerichteter Ausführungsformen, wobei das System (100, 110) ein System gemäß einer der voranstehenden auf ein System gerichteter Ausführungsformen ist.
34. 34. Verwendung einer zumindest eine Brennstoffzelleneinheit (126) umfassenden Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung (120), welche ein Gehäuse (122), in welchem die zumindest eine Brennstoffzelleneinheit (126) angeordnet ist, und ein Leitungssystem (132) mit Leitungseinrichtungen (134, 136, 208) für ein Oxidationsmedium, ein Brennstoffmedium und zur Durchlüftung des Gehäuses (122) umfasst, für ein System nach einer der voranstehenden auf ein System gerichteten Ausführungsformen und/oder für ein Verfahren nach einer der voranstehenden auf ein Verfahren gerichteten Ausführungsformen. Bevorzugte Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der nachfolgenden detaillierten Beschreibung und zeichnerischen Darstellung mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele in unterschiedlichen Varianten.

The above description of solutions according to the invention therefore includes in particular the various combinations of features defined by the following numbered embodiments:

1. 1. System (100, 110) which is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit (126) of a fuel cell device (120), the fuel cell device (120) having a housing (122) in which the at least one fuel cell unit (126) is arranged , and a line system (132) with line devices (134, 136, 208) for an oxidation medium, a fuel medium and for ventilating the housing (122), and wherein in at least one ventilation mode a ventilation fluid flows in the line device (208) for ventilating the Housing (122) by exploiting an event external to the fuel cell device (120), in particular external to the system (100, 110), in particular an external condition of a fluid and/or a fluid flow device (316) external to the fuel cell device (120), is at least supported.
2. 2. System according to embodiment 1, wherein in at least one ventilation mode a flow of the ventilation fluid in the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) is driven at least substantially externally by the fuel cell device (120).
3. 3. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the external event of the fluid is a flow of the fluid and / or a pressure of the fluid.
4. 4. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the ventilation device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) has at least one ventilation line (2) leading from a ventilation inlet (242) to a ventilation opening (224) of the housing (122). 214) having ventilation device (212) for supplying a ventilation fluid into an interior (128) of the housing (122) and / or at least one ventilation line (218) leading from a ventilation opening (228) of the housing (122) to a ventilation outlet (246). ) having ventilation device (216) for discharging a ventilation fluid from an interior (128) of the housing (122).
5. 5. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein a ventilation inlet (242) of the ventilation device (212) is arranged to open into an environment of the system (100, 110), in particular an inlet area (244) of the environment, in which the ventilation inlet (242) opens, is located in a high-pressure area (252) of the environment when the system (100, 110) is in at least a proper operating state.
6. 6. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein a ventilation outlet (246) of the ventilation device (216) is arranged to open into an environment of the system (100, 110), in particular an outlet region (248) of the environment, in which the vent outlet (246) opens, is located in a low-pressure area (256) of the environment when the system (100, 110) is in at least a proper operating state.
7. 7. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) comprises at least one ventilation line (214) and / or at least one ventilation line (218), which is formed free of a fluid delivery unit is.
8. 8. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the system (100, 110) comprises a functional unit (312) with a fluid flow device (316) in which a fluid is converted, and wherein the line device (208) for Ventilation of the housing (122) is connected to the fluid flow device (316) of the functional unit (312).
9. 9. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein a line device (314) of the fluid flow device (316) comprises at least one drain line (324) with which the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122), in particular its Ventilation device (212) and / or its ventilation device (216) is connected.
10. 10. System (100, 110), in particular according to one of the preceding embodiments, which is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit (126) of a fuel cell device (120), wherein the fuel cell device (120) has a housing (122) in which the at least a fuel cell unit (126) is arranged, a line system (132) with line devices (134, 136, 208) for an oxidation medium, for a fuel medium and for ventilation of the housing (122) and a switching device (292) for switching between at least two different ventilation modes the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122).
11. 11. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of a ventilation fluid through the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) is at least supported externally by the fuel cell device (120), in particular at least in Essentially driven.
12. 12. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein at least in a ventilation mode a flow of the ventilation fluid in the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) of the fuel cell device (120) is at least supported internally, in particular at least substantially is driven.
13. 13. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein in at least one ventilation mode the ventilation fluid flows in the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) through an active fluid delivery unit (264) of the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) is at least supported, in particular at least substantially driven.
14. 14. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein in at least one ventilation mode a flow of the ventilation fluid in the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) by utilizing a flow operation in the fuel cell device (120) but externally from the Line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122), in particular by utilizing a flow of a fluid and/or a pressure difference in a fluid and/or at least one flow element in the line devices (136) for the oxidation medium, is at least supported, in particular at least in Essentially driven.
15. 15. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the switching device (292) depends on at least an operating state of the system (100, 110) and / or an event external to the system (100, 110), in particular one an event of a fluid external to the system, and/or an event external to the fuel cell device (120), in particular a functional state of a functional unit (312) of the system (100, 110), and/or a flow condition of a fluid, in particular external to the fuel cell device (120) and/or in a line system (132) of the fuel cell device (120), switches to at least one ventilation mode.
16. 16. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) has at least one line branch (268, 284), depending on the ventilation mode through a respective line branch (268, 284) connected line the ventilation fluid flows.
17. 17. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein at least one line branch (268, 284) is formed in the ventilation device (212) of the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122), the ventilation fluid depending on the ventilation mode flows through a corresponding ventilation line (214, 214I, 214II) of several ventilation lines (214, 214I, 214II) leading to the line branch (268, 284).
18. 18. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein at least one line branch (268, 284) is formed in the ventilation device (216) of the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122), the ventilation fluid depending on the ventilation mode flows through a corresponding vent line (218, 218I, 218II) of several vent lines (218, 218I, 218II) leading away from the line branch (268, 284).
19. 19. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein this is a vehicle (110), in particular a land vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle (110a) and/or a rail vehicle (110c), and/or a watercraft (110d) and/or an aircraft (110b).
20. 20. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein at least one ventilation mode of the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) corresponds to a continuous driving mode of the vehicle (110).
21. 21. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein at least one ventilation mode of the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) corresponds to a stationary mode and / or changing mode of the driving operation of the vehicle.
22. 22. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the ventilation inlet (242) of the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) is arranged in a front area (257) of the vehicle (110).
23. 23. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the ventilation outlet (246) of the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) is arranged in a rear area (259) of the vehicle.
24. 24. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the functional unit (312) comprises a flow device for an engine, in particular of the vehicle, in particular for cooling the engine.
25. 25. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the functional unit comprises a flow device for ventilation of an occupant interior, in particular of the vehicle (110).
26. 26. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the functional unit (312) comprises a flow device of a drive unit, in particular of the vehicle (110).
27. 27. A method for operating a system operated at least partially by at least one fuel cell unit (126) of a fuel cell device (120), wherein the fuel cell device (120) comprises a housing (122) in which the at least one fuel cell unit (126) is arranged, and wherein in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of a ventilation fluid for ventilating the housing (122) by exploiting an event external to the fuel cell device (120), in particular external to the system (100, 110), in particular an external event of a fluid and/or one of the fuel cell device (120) external fluid flow device (316), is at least supported, in particular at least substantially driven.
28. 28. Method in particular according to the preceding embodiment, for operating a system which is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit (126) of a fuel cell device (120), wherein the fuel cell device (120) has a housing (122) in which the at least one fuel cell unit (126) is arranged, and wherein in the method for ventilating the housing (122), switching between at least two different ventilation modes for ventilating the housing (122) is provided.
29. 29. Method according to one of the preceding embodiments directed to a method, wherein in at least one ventilation mode a flow of a ventilation fluid for ventilation of the housing (122) is at least supported externally by the fuel cell device (120), in particular at least substantially driven.
30. 30. The method according to one of the preceding embodiments directed to a method, wherein in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of the ventilation fluid for ventilating the housing (122) in the fuel cell device (120) is at least supported internally, in particular at least substantially driven.
31. 31. Method according to one of the preceding embodiments directed to a method, wherein switching between different ventilation modes and/or selecting a ventilation mode depending on at least one operating state of the system (100, 110) and/or one of the system (100, 110 ) external event, in particular an event of a fluid external to the system (100, 110), and/or an event external to the fuel cell device (120), in particular a functional state of a functional unit of the system and/or an external flow condition of a fluid and/or an internal flow condition of a fluid.
32. 32. Method according to one of the preceding embodiments directed to a method, wherein the system (100, 110) is a vehicle (110) and switching between different ventilation modes and / or selecting a ventilation mode takes place depending on a driving mode of the vehicle, in particular in Depending on whether the vehicle (110) is in a continuous driving mode or a stationary mode and/or is operated in a changing mode of driving.
33. 33. Method according to one of the preceding method-directed embodiments, wherein the system (100, 110) is a system according to one of the preceding system-directed embodiments.
34. 34. Use of a fuel cell device (120) comprising at least one fuel cell unit (126), which has a housing (122) in which the at least one fuel cell unit (126) is arranged, and a line system (132) with line devices (134, 136, 208) for an oxidation medium, a fuel medium and for ventilation of the housing (122), for a system according to one of the preceding embodiments directed to a system and / or for a method according to one of the preceding embodiments directed to a method. Preferred features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following detailed description and graphic representation of several exemplary embodiments in different variants.

• 1 ein Kraftfahrzeug als Beispiel eines zumindest teilweise von einer Brennstoffzelleneinheit betriebenen Systems;
• 2 ein Luftfahrzeug als Beispiel eines zumindest teilweise von einer Brennstoffzelleneinheit betriebenen Systems;
• 3 ein Schienenfahrzeug als Beispiel eines zumindest teilweise von einer Brennstoffzelleneinheit betriebenen Systems;
• 4 ein Wasserfahrzeug als Beispiel eines zumindest teilweise von einer Brennstoffzelleneinheit betriebenen Systems;
• 5 eine Variante mit einer insbesondere aktiven Fluidfördereinheit eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Systems, bei welchem zumindest eine externe Begebenheit eines Fluids zum Durchlüften eines Innenraums eines Gehäuses ausgenutzt wird;
• 6 eine Variante des Ausführungsbeispiels, bei welcher eine Belüftungseinrichtung mit einer Versorgungsleitung für ein Oxidationsmedium verbunden ist;
• 7 eine Variante des Ausführungsbeispiels, bei welcher eine Belüftungseinrichtung mit einer Abführleitung für ein Kathodenrestfluidgemisch verbunden ist;
• 8 eine Variante des Ausführungsbeispiels, bei welcher eine Entlüftungseinrichtung mit einer Abführleitung für ein Kathodenrestfluidgemisch verbunden ist;
• 9 eine Variante des Ausführungsbeispiels, bei welcher eine Entlüftungseinrichtung mit einem Saugleitungsabschnitt einer Versorgungsleitung für Oxidationsmedium verbunden ist;
• 10 eine Variante des Ausführungsbeispiels, bei welcher eine Entlüftungseinrichtung mit einem Zuführleitungsabschnitt für Oxidationsmedium verbunden ist;
• 11 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Systems mit einer Funktionseinheit in einer Variante, bei welcher eine Belüftungseinrichtung mit einer Leitungseinrichtung der Funktionseinheit und einer Versorgungsleitung für Oxidationsmedium verbunden ist;
• 12 eine Variante des weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels, bei welcher eine Belüftungseinrichtung mit der Leitungseinrichtung der Funktionseinheit verbunden ist und eine Entlüftungseinrichtung mit einer Versorgungsleitung für Oxidationsmedium und/oder mit einer Abführleitung für ein Kathodenrestfluidgemisch verbunden ist;
• 13 eine Variante des weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels, bei welcher eine Belüftungseinrichtung mit der Leitungseinrichtung der Funktionseinheit verbunden ist und die Belüftungseinrichtung eine Belüftungsleitung mit einer insbesondere aktiven Fluidfördereinheit aufweist;
• 14 eine Variante des weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels, bei welcher eine Entlüftungseinrichtung mit der Leitungseinrichtung der Funktionseinheit verbunden ist und eine Belüftungseinrichtung einen Entlüftungseinlass aufweist und/oder mit einer Versorgungsleitung für Oxidationsmedium verbunden ist;
• 15 eine Variante des weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels, bei welcher eine Entlüftungseinrichtung mit der Leitungseinrichtung der Funktionseinheit verbunden ist und die Entlüftungseinrichtung mit einer Versorgungsleitung für Oxidationsmedium und/oder einer Abführleitung für ein Kathodenrestfluidgemisch verbunden ist;
• 16 eine Variante des weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels, bei welcher eine Entlüftungseinrichtung mit der Leitungseinrichtung der Funktionseinheit verbunden ist und eine Belüftungseinrichtung eine insbesondere aktive Fluidfördereinheit aufweist.

Show in the drawing:

• 1 a motor vehicle as an example of a system operated at least partially by a fuel cell unit;
• 2 an aircraft as an example of a system operated at least partially by a fuel cell unit;
• 3 a rail vehicle as an example of a system operated at least partially by a fuel cell unit;
• 4 a watercraft as an example of a system operated at least partially by a fuel cell unit;
• 5 a variant with a particularly active fluid delivery unit of an exemplary embodiment of a system in which at least one external condition of a fluid is used to ventilate an interior of a housing;
• 6 a variant of the exemplary embodiment, in which a ventilation device is connected to a supply line for an oxidation medium;
• 7 a variant of the exemplary embodiment, in which a ventilation device is connected to a discharge line for a residual cathode fluid mixture;
• 8th a variant of the exemplary embodiment, in which a venting device is connected to a discharge line for a residual cathode fluid mixture;
• 9 a variant of the exemplary embodiment, in which a venting device is connected to a suction line section of a supply line for oxidation medium;
• 10 a variant of the exemplary embodiment, in which a venting device is connected to a supply line section for oxidation medium;
• 11 a further exemplary embodiment of a system with a functional unit in a variant in which a ventilation device is connected to a line device of the functional unit and a supply line for oxidation medium;
• 12 a variant of the further exemplary embodiment, in which a ventilation device is connected to the line device of the functional unit and a ventilation device is connected to a supply line for oxidation medium and/or to a discharge line for a cathode residual fluid mixture;
• 13 a variant of the further exemplary embodiment, in which a ventilation device is connected to the line device of the functional unit and the ventilation device has a ventilation line with a particularly active fluid delivery unit;
• 14 a variant of the further exemplary embodiment, in which a ventilation device is connected to the line device of the functional unit and a ventilation device has a ventilation inlet and / or is connected to a supply line for oxidation medium;
• 15 a variant of the further exemplary embodiment, in which a venting device is connected to the line device of the functional unit and the venting device is connected to a supply line for oxidation medium and/or a discharge line for a cathode residual fluid mixture;
• 16 a variant of the further exemplary embodiment, in which a ventilation device is connected to the line device of the functional unit and a ventilation device has a particularly active fluid delivery unit.

In embodiments of the invention, one of at least one fuel cell unit at least partially operated system 100 a vehicle 110, for example an in 1 Motor vehicle 110a shown by way of example, which is in particular a passenger vehicle and/or a commercial vehicle, and/or an in 2 Aircraft shown as an example and/or an in 3 Rail vehicle 110c shown by way of example and/or an example shown in 4 depicted watercraft 100d.

The system 100 comprises a fuel cell device, designated overall 120, with at least one fuel cell unit 126 arranged in a housing 122 of a housing device 124, as in variants of two exemplary embodiments in 5 until 16 is shown schematically as an example.

The fuel cell unit 126 comprises at least one fuel cell element, preferably a plurality of fuel cell elements, which is/are arranged in an interior 128 of the housing 122, wherein in the one fuel cell element or in the plurality of fuel cell elements a fuel medium and an oxidation medium are at least partially chemically converted into a product medium and thereby electrical energy is provided and so the fuel cell device 120 provides electrical energy to the system 100 for operating the same, in particular for moving the vehicle 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d and, for example, for operating equipment of the same.

For example, the multiple fuel cell elements are arranged one above the other in one or more stacks in a respective stacking direction and are interconnected.

In particular, the fuel medium is hydrogen.

In particular, the oxidation medium is oxygen.

The fuel cell device 120 further comprises a line system 132 with a line device 134 for the fuel medium and a line device 136 for the oxidation medium for supplying the respective medium and removing remaining portions of these media and the product medium.

In particular, the line device 134 for the fuel medium comprises a supply line 142, which leads to an anode side 144 of the fuel cell unit 126 and through which a fuel medium, in particular an anode fluid mixture comprising the fuel medium, can be supplied to the fuel cell unit 126 and is supplied to the fuel cell device 120 in proper operation .

The fuel cell device 120 preferably comprises a fuel reservoir 146 for storing fuel medium, in particular a fluid mixture comprising the fuel medium, and the supply line 142 leads away from the fuel reservoir 146 to the anode side 144 of the fuel cell unit 126.

In particular, a fluid delivery unit 148 is arranged in the supply line 142, which conveys the fuel medium, in particular the anode fluid mixture, to the anode side 144. For example, the fluid delivery unit 148 comprises at least one actively driven unit, for example a fan and/or a compressor, and/or comprises at least one passively acting unit, for example a jet pump.

The line device 134 for the fuel medium further comprises a discharge line 152, which leads away from the anode side 144 of the fuel cell unit 126 and via which an anode residual fluid mixture can be led away from the anode side 144 and is led away during normal operation. In particular, the anode residual fluid mixture in the fuel cell unit 126 includes chemically unreacted fuel medium portions and, for example, at least portions of the product medium.

In particular, a drain line section 154 of the drain line 152 leads out of the fuel cell device 120 and in particular out of the system 110, in particular for draining at least portions of the anode residual fluid mixture.

A connecting line 156 is preferably also formed between the discharge line 152 and the supply line 142, which forms a recirculation line 158 with at least line sections of the supply line 142 and the discharge line 152, through which chemically unreacted fuel medium components in the fuel cell unit 26, which via the discharge line 152 as a component of the anode residual fluid mixture have been removed, can be fed back to the anode side 144 via the supply line 142 and can be fed to the fuel cell device 120 during proper operation.

The line device for the oxidation medium 136 includes a supply line 162, which leads to a cathode side 164 of the fuel cell unit 126 leads and via which the oxidation medium, in particular a cathode fluid mixture comprising the oxidation medium, can be supplied to the fuel cell unit 126 and is supplied to the fuel cell device 120 during proper operation.

In particular, a supply unit 166 is arranged in the supply line 162 for the oxidation medium to supply the fuel cell unit with the oxidation medium, in particular the cathode fluid mixture.

In particular, the supply unit 166 comprises a particularly actively driven fluid conveying unit for conveying the fluid mixture in the supply line 162.

For example, the fluid delivery unit includes a fan and/or a compressor.

Preferably, the cathode fluid mixture is an air mixture from an environment of the system 100, which has been prepared in particular by the supply unit 166 and in particular has been cleaned by a filter.

For example, the supply unit 166 sucks in a fluid mixture comprising the oxidation medium via a suction line section 168 of the supply line 162, in particular from an environment of the system 100, and supplies the particularly prepared fluid mixture as a cathode fluid mixture via a supply line section of the supply line 162 to the fuel cell unit 126.

The line device 136 for the oxidation medium further comprises a discharge line 176, which leads away from the cathode side 164 of the fuel cell unit 126 for the removal of a cathode residual fluid mixture, which in particular comprises chemically unreacted portions of the supplied oxidation medium and, for example, at least portions of the product medium.

In particular, the discharge line 176 leads into an environment of the fuel cell device 120, in particular into an environment of the system 100, with the cathode residual fluid mixture being discharged into this environment.

In particular, the line device 136 for the oxidation medium comprises a bypass line 178, which is formed in particular by a line section connecting the supply line section 172 to the discharge line 176, wherein a flow in the line device 136 can be maintained in particular through the bypass line 178, bypassing the fuel cell unit 126.

For example, the fuel cell device 120 includes a temperature control device 192 in order to keep the fuel cell unit 126 in a permissible temperature range for proper operation thereof and/or to heat and/or cool it as required.

In particular, the temperature control device 192 comprises a temperature control unit 194, which is connected to the fuel cell unit 126 via a line device 196 for a temperature control medium, wherein the line device 196 in particular forms a temperature control circuit and the temperature control medium in the line device 196 is in heat-exchanging contact with the fuel cell unit 126 and in the temperature control unit 194 is tempered as required.

In particular, the line device 196 for the temperature control medium is part of the line system 132.

In addition, the line system 132 includes a line device 208 for ventilating the housing 122, this line device 208 in particular comprising a ventilation device 212 with at least one ventilation line 214 and a ventilation device 216 with at least one ventilation line 218, with the ventilation device 212 in particular through the ventilation line 214 a ventilation fluid is supplied into the interior 128 of the housing 122 and/or the ventilation fluid is removed from the interior 128 by means of the ventilation device 216, in particular via the ventilation line 218.

In particular, the ventilation line 214 opens into the interior 128 at a ventilation opening 224 of the housing 122. The ventilation line 218 opens into the interior 128 at a ventilation opening 228 of the housing 122 and leads away from the ventilation opening 228.

A ventilation fluid supplied into the interior 128 via the ventilation device 212, for example through the ventilation opening 224, flows through the interior 128, for example essentially along a fluid path 232, in particular having a plurality of strands, and leaves the interior 128 in particular through the ventilation opening 228 via the ventilation device 216.

In the interior 128, the ventilation fluid flows around the fuel cell unit 126 and in particular its several fuel cell elements, for example along the several strands of the fluid path 232, and preferably removes unwanted fluid components, in particular any fuel medium components emerging from the fuel cell unit 126 are at least partially, advantageously at least largely included, so that a risk of larger fuel medium accumulations is at least reduced.

In an exemplary embodiment, which in variants is exemplified in 5 until 10 is shown, at least one ventilation line 214 and/or vent line 218 is partially formed outside the fuel cell device 120.

In particular, the ventilation line 214 opens at a ventilation inlet 242 into an inlet region 244 of an environment of the system 100 and from there leads in particular through the ventilation opening 224 into the interior 128.

In particular, the vent line 218 leads to a vent outlet 246, which opens into an outlet region 248 of an environment of the system 100.

In particular, the inlet region 244 is located in a high-pressure area 252 of the environment of the system 100, which is formed at least in some operating states of the system 100, and/or the outlet area 248 is located in a low-pressure area 256 of the environment of the system 100, which is formed at least in some operating states of the system 100.

In particular, the ambient air mixture in the high pressure area 252 has a higher pressure than in the low pressure area 256.

In particular, the pressure of the air mixture in the high pressure region 252 is greater than a typical pressure of the air mixture in the environment of the system 100 and in particular, a pressure of the air mixture in the low pressure region 256 is smaller than a typical pressure of the air mixture in the environment of the system 100. For example the usual pressure is a pressure of the air mixture averaged in the environment.

Advantageously, a pressure of the air mixture in the high-pressure area 252 is greater than a pressure of the fluid in the interior 128 of the housing 122 and/or a pressure of the air mixture in the low-pressure area 256 is smaller than the pressure of the fluid in the interior 128 of the housing 122.

In some favorable variants of the exemplary embodiment, at least in some operating states of the system 100, an external fluid flow is formed which flows around the system 100 and flows at least in parts from the high-pressure area 252 to the low-pressure area 256.

In particular, in the exemplary embodiments in which the system 100 is a vehicle 110a, b, c, d, it is provided that the ventilation inlet 242 is arranged in a front area 257 of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d, in particular so that the Inlet area 244 is located in a dynamic pressure area, which forms the high pressure area 252, wherein in the dynamic pressure area, at least in a forward movement of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d at a sufficiently high speed, the air mixture is accumulated in the surroundings of the vehicle and thereby a greater pressure than in other areas of the surrounding area.

Preferably, the ventilation inlet 242 is arranged such that when the vehicle 110a, b, c, d moves forward, the air mixture in the environment flows into the inlet area 244.

In particular, in the vehicle 110a, b, c, d forming the system 100, it is provided that the outlet region 248 is arranged in a rear region 259 of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d.

It is advantageously provided that the ventilation outlet 246 is arranged such that the outlet region 248 is in a position at least during a forward movement of the vehicle 110a, b, c. d the low-pressure area that arises at a sufficiently high speed, which thus forms the low-pressure area 256, is located.

Preferably, a further ventilation line 214II is formed in the ventilation device 212, which has line sections common to the first ventilation line 214I, for example, and/or a further ventilation line 218II is formed in the ventilation device 216, which has line sections common to the first ventilation line 218I, for example.

In particular, if specific reference is made to the first and/or further ventilation line 214I, II or the first and/or further ventilation line 218I, II, the corresponding suffix I or II is added to the reference number, but in a general description of the ventilation line(s) 214 or vent line(s) 218 the appropriate suffix omitted.

In variants of the exemplary embodiment, of which, for example, in 5 one is shown, a parallel-connected ventilation line section 262 is provided in the ventilation line 214, in which a particularly actively driven fluid delivery unit 264 is arranged. In particular, the fluid delivery unit 264 is a fan or, for example, a compressor.

In particular, the ventilation lines 214I and 214II therefore have a common inlet line section 266 coming from the ventilation inlet 242, which is divided at a branch 268 into parallel-connected line sections of the ventilation lines 214I and 214II.

For example, the two ventilation line sections connected in parallel unite again and a common line section leads to the ventilation opening 224 and opens into the interior 128. In alternatives, it is provided that the ventilation line sections connected in parallel lead to separate ventilation openings and open into the interior 128 at these.

In one variation, the venting device 216 has the particularly active fluid delivery unit 264 in a parallel-connected venting line section, which in particular otherwise has the design corresponding to that explained above.

In variants of the exemplary embodiment, the ventilation device 212 is connected to the line device 136 for the oxidation medium via a further ventilation line 214II and/or the ventilation device 216 is connected to the line device 136 for the oxidation medium via a further ventilation line 218II, as exemplified in 6 until 10 is shown.

For example, in some variants, the further ventilation line 214II for connecting the ventilation device 212 has a connection line section 272, which, for example, leads away from the supply line section 172, as exemplified in 6 is shown, or leads away from the discharge line 176, as exemplified in 7 is shown, and opens into the first ventilation line 214I at a branch 268.

In particular, the first ventilation line 214I has an inlet line section 266 leading from the ventilation inlet 242 to the branch 268 and the further ventilation line 214II leads from the line device 136 for the oxidation medium with the connecting line section 272 to the branch 268 and the two ventilation lines lead from the branch 268 214I and 214II through a common line section to the ventilation opening 224 and open there into the interior 128 of the housing 122.

In variations it is provided that the further ventilation line 214II opens into the interior 128 at a separate ventilation opening.

In particular, at the point at which the connecting line section 272 leads away from the line section of the line device 136 for the oxidation medium, a control valve 274 is provided, by means of which the fluid flowing in the line section is distributed, in particular to the supply line section 172 for the supply to the fuel cell unit 126 or for discharge through the discharge line 176 on the one hand and on the connection line section 272 for ventilation of the interior 128 of the housing 122 on the other hand can and is regulated.

In particular, in these variants of the exemplary embodiment, the vent line 218 has a vent line section leading from the vent opening 228 to the vent outlet 246, as exemplified in 6 and 7 is shown.

In particular, in at least one ventilation mode, the fluid conveyed in the line device 136 for the oxidation medium, which is conveyed in particular by the supply unit 166, can be at least partially used to ventilate the interior 128 of the housing 122 and the ventilation takes place via the ventilation line 218, for example in the environment of the system 100.

In some variants of the exemplary embodiment, the further venting line 218II for connecting the venting device 216 has a connecting line section 282, which in particular leads away from the first venting line 218I at a branch 284 and opens into a line section of the line device 136 for the oxidation medium, as exemplified in 8th until 10 is shown.

In particular, the two ventilation lines 218I and 218II have a common line section from the ventilation opening 228 to the branch 284 and then separate.

In variations it is provided that the further ventilation line 218II leads away from a separate ventilation opening.

In one variant, the connecting line section 282 opens into the discharge line 176, which partially forms the further ventilation line 218II, as exemplified in 8th is shown.

Preferably, a particularly passive fluid conveying unit 286 is provided at the junction for conveying the fluid through this further vent line 218II.

In particular, the fluid delivery unit 286 has a suction tract for sucking in the fluid from the connecting line section 282, preferably in the passive fluid delivery unit 286, the cathode residual fluid mixture flowing through the discharge line 176 acts as a driving medium and the ventilation fluid is sucked in from the connecting line section 282 as a suction medium. For example, the passive fluid delivery unit 286 is a jet pump.

In some variants of the exemplary embodiment, the connection line section 282 of the vent line 218II leads to the supply line 162 for the oxidation medium, as exemplified in FIG 9 and 10 is shown.

Preferably, the connecting line section 282 opens into the suction line section 168 and thus, based on a fluid flow direction in the supply line 162, into the supply line 162 in front of the supply unit 166 ( 9 ), so that the ventilation fluid is advantageously sucked in and conveyed in the further ventilation line 218II designed for this purpose by the supply unit 166, in particular the fluid delivery unit comprised by it.

In variants, the connecting line section 282 opens into the supply line section 172 ( 10 ).

Preferably, a particularly passive fluid delivery unit 286 is provided at the junction, in particular as explained above. Advantageously, the ventilation fluid is sucked in, in particular as a suction medium, through the cathode fluid mixture as a driving medium.

Preferably, a catalyst element 288 is arranged in the ventilation line 218II, in particular in its connecting line section 282, in order to chemically convert at least partially, preferably at least substantially completely, any fuel medium components taken from the interior 128 into the ventilation fluid, so as to reduce the risk of combustion of the fuel medium in the line device 136 for the oxidation medium to at least reduce or even at least essentially completely prevent.

Advantageously, the fuel cell device 120 further comprises a switching device 292 for switching between different ventilation modes.

For this purpose, the switching device 292 is preferably provided with control elements in the line device 208 for ventilating the housing 122 and, for example, in the line device 136 for the oxidation medium, in particular with control elements in the ventilation device 212 and its ventilation line 2141, 214II and/or in the ventilation device 216 and its ventilation line 218I, 218II, connected in terms of control technology to control these control elements and to control the fluid flow through the corresponding lines.

In particular, in variants in which the particularly active fluid delivery unit 264 is provided in the line device 208 for ventilating the housing 122, the switching device 292 is connected to this fluid delivery unit 264 for controlling the same.

The switching device 292 advantageously comprises a detection system 294, which is connected, for example, to the line system 132 and/or to components of the system 100 and/or includes sensors 296 for detecting flow states in the line system 132 and/or an operating state of the system 100 and/or or from operating parameters of the system 100 and/or from parameters of the environment of the system 100.

For example, the detection system 294 is connected to a sensor 2961 in the inlet area 244 and receives parameter values determined therefrom, the sensor 2961 being in particular a pressure sensor and detecting the pressure of the air mixture in the inlet area 244 as a parameter value.

For example, the detection system 294 is connected to a sensor 296II in the outlet region 248 and receives parameter values detected by it, the sensor 296II being in particular a pressure sensor and detecting a pressure of the air mixture in the outlet region 248 as a parameter value.

For example, the detection system 294 is also connected to a sensor in the interior 128 and receives parameter values detected by it, this sensor being in particular a pressure sensor which detects the pressure of the fluid in the interior 128. This sensor is not shown in the drawings in the figures.

It is advantageous if the detection system 294 has sensors, not explicitly shown in the drawings, in line sections of the line device 208 for ventilation of the housing 122, in particular in line sections of the ventilation device 212 and / or the ventilation device 216, and for example the line device 136 for that Oxidation medium is connected and from these parameter values to the fluid, in particular to its flow and for example, its pressure in the respective line section.

In particular, the detection system 294 in a vehicle 100a, b, c, d is connected to components of the vehicle in such a way that the detection system 294 receives parameter values relating to the driving state of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d.

The switching device 292 preferably comprises a data memory 298, in particular for storing program schemes and, for example, setpoints for different ventilation modes and / or for storing parameter values obtained from the detection system 294, so that in particular time series of their values for respective parameters are stored and from the switching device for control can be used for ventilation.

In particular, a design and a mode of operation of the system 100 and a method for operating the system as well as, for example, advantages in the exemplary embodiment with its variants are briefly summarized as follows.

The system 110, in particular the vehicle 110a, b, c, d, comprises a fuel cell device 120 with at least one fuel cell unit 126, which supplies electrical energy to the system 110 for operating the same, for example for moving the vehicle 110a, b, c, d and for operating further functionalities of the same and its equipment.

The fuel cell unit 126 is arranged in the interior 128 of the housing 122 and the line device 208 is provided for ventilating the interior 128, in particular the ventilation device 212 for supplying a ventilation fluid into the interior 128 and the ventilation device 216 for discharging the ventilation fluid in the interior 128, whereby the Ventilation fluid flows through the interior 128 and takes unwanted fluid components therein, in particular, for example, fuel medium components emerging from leaks in the fuel cell unit 126, at least partially, preferably at least substantially completely, and these are removed via the ventilation device 216.

This preferably provides passive explosion protection, since the ventilation of the interior 128 at least reduces the risk of accumulation of fuel medium components.

Preferably, a ventilation inlet 242 of the at least one ventilation line 214 of the ventilation device 212 is arranged so that its inlet area 244 is in at least one operating state of the system 100, for example when the vehicle 110a, b, c, d is traveling forward, in a high-pressure area 252 of the environment of the system 100 is located.

In particular, the ventilation inlet 242 is arranged in a front area 257 of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d.

In particular, a ventilation outlet 246, in particular of the ventilation line 218 of the ventilation device 216, is arranged such that its outlet area 248 is in at least one operating state of the system 100, for example during a forward movement of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d, in a low-pressure area 256 of the environment of the system 110 is located.

Preferably, the ventilation inlet 242 and/or the ventilation outlet 246 is arranged such that in at least one operating state of the system 110, for example when the vehicle 110a, b, c, d is moving forward, a pressure of the air mixture in the inlet region 244 is greater than at least one usually present pressure of the fluid in the interior 128 and/or a pressure of the air mixture in the outlet region 248 is smaller than an at least usually present pressure of the fluid in the interior 128.

Advantageously, with the ventilation line 214 leading from the ventilation inlet 242 to the interior 128, the pressure difference with the higher pressure in the inlet region 244 is exploited in order to ventilate the interior 128 with the air mixture from the environment of the system as a ventilation fluid.

Advantageously, the pressure difference with a lower pressure of the fluid in the outlet region 248 is exploited in order to ventilate the interior 128 via the vent line 218 leading from the interior 128 to the vent outlet 246 and to remove the ventilation fluid with preferably entrained unwanted fluid components from the interior 128.

For example, in the case of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d, a headwind of the air mixture in the surroundings of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d when it is traveling forward is used to fill the interior 128 of the housing via the ventilation line 214 and the ventilation line 218 122 to ventilate.

Advantageously, the ventilation line 214 leading from the ventilation inlet 242 to the interior 128 and/or that from the Interior 128 leading to the ventilation outlet 246 ventilation line 218 free of a fluid delivery unit, since a pressure drop in the fluid could occur at this and this could act as a throttle and thus effective utilization of the external pressure difference and / or the external flow could be hindered.

Conveniently, the line device 208 for ventilating the housing 122 is designed for several ventilation modes, for this purpose in particular the ventilation device 212 has several, for example two, ventilation lines 214I and 214II, which, for example, partially have common line sections, and / or the ventilation device 216 has several, for example two, Ventilation lines 218I, 218II, which, for example, partially have common line sections.

In addition, the fuel cell device 120 advantageously includes the switching device 292 in order to switch between different ventilation modes, in particular depending on an operating state of the system 110, for example a driving state of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d, and / or depending on influencing factors in the environment of the system 110 switch.

For example, the ventilation device 212 and / or the ventilation device 216 is connected by means of a connecting line section 272, 282 to the line device 136 for the oxidation medium, for example with the supply line 162 and / or the discharge line 176 for the oxidation medium, in order to via the further ventilation line designed in this way 214II and/or ventilation line 218II in a further ventilation mode to utilize a flow of the fluid in the line device 136 for the oxidation medium for driving the ventilation fluid and for ventilation of the interior 128.

For example, with a sufficiently large pressure of the fluid in the inlet region 244 and/or a sufficiently small pressure of the fluid in the outlet region 248, in particular with a sufficiently large pressure difference between the pressure in the inlet region 244 and in the interior 128 and/or between the pressure in the interior 128 and the outlet region 248 and/or between the pressure in the inlet region 244 and the pressure in the outlet region 248, and for example in a vehicle 110a, b, c, d with a sufficiently large wind, by means of the switching device 292 can be switched to ventilation mode, in which the external pressure ratio and/or the external flow ratio is utilized. In particular, in this ventilation mode, the ventilation fluid flows through the ventilation line 214I and/or ventilation line 218I, which is/are free of a fluid delivery unit.

For example, the switching device 292 can be used to switch to a ventilation mode, in which a flow of fluid in the line device 136 for the oxidation medium is used to drive the ventilation fluid and to ventilate the interior 128.

In particular, a ventilation mode is provided which is independent of conditions in the surroundings of the system 100, in particular is independent of pressure differences and/or flows in the surroundings of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d and is therefore independent of its driving status.

For this ventilation mode, the line device 136 for the oxidation medium advantageously has the bypass line 178, so that even if the fuel cell unit 126 is not to be supplied with oxidation medium, for example when the fuel cell unit 126 is switched off, the fluid flows in the line device 136 via the bypass line 178 and can be maintained bypassing the fuel cell unit 126, and so this flow also drives the ventilation fluid and the interior 128 is ventilated.

In particular, with this ventilation mode, an efficiency of the fuel cell device 120 can be increased, since an already existing flow in the line device 136 for the oxidation medium, for example in the discharge line 176 in the cathode residual fluid mixture to be drained off and/or the operation of the supply unit 166 with the conversion of fluid is utilized , so that at least less additional energy, for example no additional energy, has to be applied to ventilate the interior 128 to drive the ventilation fluid.

For example, it is advantageous if the ventilation device 212 in a particularly further ventilation line 214II or, for example, the ventilation device 216 in a particularly further ventilation line has an active fluid delivery unit 264, so that the switching device 292 can be used to switch to a ventilation mode in which regardless of conditions outside the Line device 208 for ventilation of the housing 122, ventilation of the interior 128 for operating the active fluid delivery unit 264 can be ensured.

In a further embodiment, one operated by a fuel cell unit 126 nen System 100', which is exemplified in variants in the 11 until 16 is shown, those elements and features which are at least essentially the same and / or fulfill an at least essentially fundamentally the same function as in the first described exemplary embodiment are given the same reference numerals and, unless an alternative embodiment is explained below, will be referred to In the description of the same, reference is made in full to the above statements.

For example, the system 100' is a vehicle 110a, b, c, d, as exemplified in FIGS 1 until 4 is shown.

In this exemplary embodiment, the system 100′ comprises a functional unit 312, which comprises a line device 314 and wherein a fluid is converted in the line device 314, in particular as part of a fluid flow device 316 of the functional unit 312.

For example, the functional unit 312 is a ventilation device for at least partially ventilating a part of the system 100 '.

For example, in the vehicle 110a, b, c, d, the ventilation device is provided for ventilating an occupant compartment.

For example, the functional unit 112 is a component for an engine of the system 100', for example of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d, for example for cooling the same.

In some variants of the exemplary embodiment, the functional unit 312 with the fluid flow device 316 is at least part of a drive unit of the system 100 ', in particular of the vehicle 110a, b, c, d, for example at least a part of a jet engine, in particular of the aircraft 110b.

In particular, the line device 314 of the functional unit 312 includes an inlet line 322 through which a fluid is supplied to the functional unit 312 and, for example, an air mixture is sucked in as fluid through the inlet line 322 from an environment of the system 100 '.

In particular, the line device 314 comprises a drain line 324, via which a fluid converted in particular in the functional unit 312 is removed.

For example, the drain line 324 leads from the functional unit 312 to an outlet 326 of the line device 314, the fluid being discharged into an environment of the system 100 'in particular via the outlet 326.

In this exemplary embodiment, too, the fuel cell device 120 comprises a line device 208 for ventilating the interior 128 of the housing 122, in particular as part of the line system 132, in particular with a ventilation device 212 having at least one ventilation line 214 and/or a ventilation device 216 having at least one ventilation line 218.

In this exemplary embodiment, the line device 208 for ventilating the housing 112 is connected to the line device 314 of the functional unit 312 and the flow of the fluid in the line device 314 of the functional unit 312 is used at least in a ventilation mode to allow the ventilation fluid to flow and the interior to be ventilated 128 at least to support.

For example, the ventilation device 212 is connected to the line device 314 of the functional unit 312, with a ventilation line 214 preferably branching off from the drain line 324 and leading to a ventilation opening 224 of the housing 122, as exemplified by variants of the exemplary embodiment in the 11 until 13 is shown.

For example, at the junction of the ventilation line 214, a control element 332 is provided, by means of which an inflow of fluid into the ventilation line 214 and thus into the interior 128 can and is regulated.

In addition, a ventilation line 218 leading from a ventilation opening 228 of the housing 122, for example to a ventilation outlet 246 in an environment of the system 100 ', is provided.

In variants of the exemplary embodiment, a ventilation line 218 of the ventilation device 216 is connected to the line device 314 of the functional unit 312, as exemplified in FIG 14 until 16 is shown for variants of the exemplary embodiment.

The vent line 218 leads from a vent opening 228 to the line device 314 of the functional unit 312 and opens into a line of the same, in particular the drain line 324.

Preferably, a particularly passive fluid delivery unit 334 is provided at the mouth of the vent line 218.

The fluid delivery unit 334 in particular includes a suction tract in which the ventilation fluid is sucked out of the vent line 218 and thus also out of the interior 128.

Preferably, in the passive fluid delivery unit 334, the fluid flowing in the line device 314 acts as a driving medium, which sucks in the ventilation fluid from the ventilation line 218 as a suction medium.

For example, the passive fluid delivery unit 334 is a jet pump.

In particular, in these variants of the exemplary embodiment, a ventilation line 214 leading in particular from a ventilation inlet 242 to a ventilation opening 224 of the housing 122 is provided, so that a ventilation fluid, for example an air mixture from the environment of the system, can flow to the interior 128 through the ventilation line 214.

For example, in variants of the exemplary embodiment, the ventilation device 212 and/or the ventilation device 216 is connected to the line device 136 for the oxidation medium, for example a ventilation line 214II with a connecting line section 272 to the supply line 162, in particular to the supply line section 172 of the same, as exemplified in the 11 and 14 is shown for variants and/or the ventilation line 218 with a connecting line section 282 with the discharge line 176 and/or with the suction line section 168, as exemplified for variants in the 12 and 15 is shown, and wherein this connection is in particular at least essentially the same as in the variants of the exemplary embodiment explained above, which in particular in connection with 6 , 8th and 9 have been discussed, so that reference is made in full to the above statements, for example also with regard to a provided control valve or control element 274 and / or a fluid delivery unit 286 and a catalyst element 288. In particular, the ventilation line 214 and / or the ventilation line 218 have at least one branch 268 or 284, and different ventilation modes can be realized through the different ventilation lines and/or ventilation lines.

In variants of this exemplary embodiment of a system 100 'with a functional unit 312 that are not shown in the drawing, a ventilation line 214 is connected to the discharge line 176 for the oxidation medium, as in the exemplary embodiment explained above in connection with the exemplary variant of 7 was discussed, so that full reference is also made to these statements regarding this design of the variant.

In variants not explicitly shown in the drawing, this exemplary embodiment of a system 100 'with a functional unit 312, a vent line 218 is connected to the supply line 162 of the oxidation medium, in particular to its supply line section 172, as in the exemplary embodiment explained above in connection with the exemplary variant of 10 was discussed, so that full reference is also made to these statements regarding this design of the variant.

In variants of the exemplary embodiment, as is exemplary for variants in the 13 and 16 is shown, a ventilation line 214II is provided with a particularly active fluid delivery unit 264.

It is provided, for example, that the ventilation line 214II with the particularly active fluid delivery unit 264 opens into an environment of the system 100 'in order to suck in air mixture from there and the ventilation line 214II behind the particularly active fluid delivery unit 264 at a branch 268' into the line device 314 connected ventilation line 214I ( 13 ) or into a ventilation line 214I (which leads in particular from a ventilation inlet 242 and is, for example, free from a fluid delivery unit). 16 ) opens and these two ventilation lines 214I, II lead to the ventilation opening 224 of the housing 122 with a common line section.

Furthermore, with regard to preferred embodiments of these variants, full reference is made to the statements in connection with the example in 5 illustrated variant with a particularly active fluid delivery unit 264 referenced.

In particular, in this exemplary embodiment, the fuel cell device 120 also has a switching device 292, for example with a detection system 294 and in particular a data memory 298, in particular as discussed in connection with the exemplary embodiment explained above, so that full reference is made in this regard to the corresponding statements above.

In particular, in this exemplary embodiment, the switching device 292, for example the detection system 294, is also connected to the functional unit 312 and in particular its fluid flow device device 316 and its line device 314 connected in order to obtain a functional state of the functional unit 312 and/or flow conditions, for example flow velocities and/or pressures in the line device 314, for example in the drain line 324 and/or in the inlet line 322.

In particular, the switching device 292 is connected in terms of control technology to the control element 332 for regulating an inflow of fluid into the line device 208 for ventilation of the housing 122, in particular into the ventilation line 214.

Preferably, the system 100′ and in particular the fuel cell device 120 are at least substantially designed as in the exemplary embodiment explained above.

In particular, at least briefly summarized, a training, a mode of operation, a method and, for example, advantages in this exemplary embodiment are as follows.

The system 100' includes the fuel cell device 120 with at least one fuel cell unit 126, by means of which the system 100' is at least partially supplied with electrical energy and operated.

The system 100' also includes the functional unit 312 with the line device 314 in which a fluid is converted.

The fuel cell device 120 includes the line device 208 for ventilating the housing 122 and this line device 208 is connected to the line device 314 of the functional unit 312, so that the fluid flow device 316 and / or the fluid flow in the line device 314 can and will be used for the functional unit 312 to at least support a flow of the ventilation fluid and a ventilation of the interior 128.

In particular, the line device 208 for ventilating the housing is connected to a drain line 324 of the line device 314 of the functional unit 312, so that the energy contained in the fluid flow to be drained released by the functional unit 312 is utilized and preferably a functioning of the functional unit 312 through the connection to the line device 208 for ventilation of the housing 212 is not further impaired.

In some variants of the exemplary embodiment, the ventilation device 212, in particular a ventilation line 214, is connected to the line device 314 of the functional unit 312, in particular the drain line 324, so that in at least one ventilation mode for ventilating the interior 128, a fluid is supplied from the line device 314 to the functional unit 312 .

In variants of the exemplary embodiment, the ventilation device 216, in particular a ventilation line 218, is connected to the line device 314 of the functional unit 312, in particular the drain line 324, so that in particular a negative pressure and / or a flow in the line device 314 of the functional unit 312 is used to vent of the interior 128 to suck in a ventilation fluid from the ventilation line.

In variants of the exemplary embodiment, the ventilation device 212 and/or the ventilation device 216 is also connected to the line device 136 for the oxidation medium, in particular with a connecting line section 272 and/or 282, so that at least in a ventilation mode a flow in the line device 136 for the oxidation medium is driven of the ventilation fluid and for ventilating the interior 128 of the housing 122 is used. In particular, this embodiment and the at least one corresponding ventilation mode are designed as in connection with the exemplary embodiment discussed first, so that reference is made in full to the above statements.

In variants of the exemplary embodiment, an active fluid delivery unit 264 is provided in the line device 208 for ventilation of the housing 122 in at least one ventilation line 214 or, for example, in a ventilation line 218, so that at least in a ventilation mode the active fluid delivery unit 264 ventilates the interior 128 of the housing 122 is ensured regardless of external conditions. In particular, this embodiment and this at least one ventilation mode are designed as in the exemplary embodiment discussed first, so that reference is made in full to the above statements.

By means of the switching device 292, it is possible to switch between the different ventilation modes, in particular by means of the detection system 294 an operating state of the system 100 'and in particular a functional state of the functional unit 312 and advantageously a flow operation in the fluid flow device 316 and / or flow conditions in the line device 314 of the functional unit 312 are detected and the switching device 292 Corresponding parameter values are provided and the parameter values are stored in the data memory 298.

The switching device 292 can thus select a suitable ventilation mode based on the obtained parameter values and stored parameter values, for example if a flow operation in the fluid flow device 316 is sufficient and/or a fluid is sufficiently converted in the line device 314, into the corresponding flow operation and/or the Switch aeration mode that utilizes the fluid flow in the line device 314 and otherwise switch to another aeration mode, for example into the aeration mode that utilizes the flow in the line device 136 for the oxidation medium and/or into the aeration mode in which the active fluid delivery unit 264 ensures the aeration.

Furthermore, the functionality of the system 100′ and the fuel cell device 120 and in particular their advantages are preferably discussed as in connection with the exemplary embodiment discussed first, so that reference is made in full to the above statements.

In addition, in variants of the exemplary embodiments, combinations of the different variants and exemplary embodiments are provided, which are not explicitly shown in the drawings.

For example, in some exemplary embodiments it is provided that the line device 208 for ventilating the housing 122 has a ventilation device 212 and/or venting device 216, which exploits pressure differences in the environment of the system in at least one ventilation mode, as in variants in connection with the first explained exemplary embodiment has been described, and that the ventilation device 212 and/or the ventilation device 216 is designed to utilize a fluid flow device 316 and/or a fluid flow in a line device 314 of a functional unit 312 in at least one ventilation mode, as described in variants in connection with the second explained exemplary embodiment became.

REFERENCE SYMBOL LIST

100

system

110a, b, c, d

vehicle

120

Fuel cell device

122

Housing

124

Housing facility

126

Fuel cell unit

128

inner space

132

Piping system

134

Line device for fuel medium

136

Line device for oxidation medium

142

supply line

144

anode side

146

Fuel medium reservoir

148

Fluid delivery unit

152

discharge line

154

Drain line section

156

connecting line

158

Recirculation line

162

supply line

164

cathode side

166

supply unit

168

Suction line section

172

Feed line section

176

discharge line

178

Bypass line

192

Temperature control device

194

Temperature control unit

196

Line facility

208

Line device for ventilation of the housing

212

Ventilation device

214

ventilation line

216

Ventilation device

218

vent line

224

Ventilation opening

228

Vent opening

232

Fluid path

242

Ventilation inlet

244

Inlet area

246

Vent outlet

248

outlet area

252

High pressure area

256

Low pressure area

257

Front area

259

Rear area

262

Ventilation line section connected in parallel

264

Fluid delivery unit

266

Inlet pipe section

268

branch

272

Connection line section

274

control valve

282

Connection line section

284

branch

286

Fluid delivery unit

288

Catalyst element

292

Switching device

294

Detection system

296

Sensors

298

Data storage

312

Functional unit

314

Line facility

316

Fluid flow device

322

Inlet pipe

324

Drain pipe

326

outlet

332

Rule element

334

Fluid delivery unit

Claims (34)

System (100, 110) which is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit (126) of a fuel cell device (120), the fuel cell device (120) having a housing (122) in which the at least one fuel cell unit (126) is arranged, and a line system (132) with line devices (134, 136, 208) for an oxidation medium, a fuel medium and for ventilating the housing (122) and wherein in at least one ventilation mode a ventilation fluid flows in the line device (208) for ventilating the housing ( 122) at least supported by exploiting an event external to the fuel cell device (120), in particular external to the system (100, 110), in particular an external condition of a fluid and/or a fluid flow device (316) external to the fuel cell device (120). becomes. System according to the Claim 1 , characterized in that in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of the ventilation fluid in the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) is driven at least substantially externally by the fuel cell device (120). System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the external condition of the fluid is a flow of the fluid and/or a pressure of the fluid. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) has at least one ventilation line leading from a ventilation inlet (242) to a ventilation opening (224) of the housing (122). (214) having ventilation device (212) for supplying a ventilation fluid into an interior (128) of the housing (122) and / or at least one ventilation line leading from a ventilation opening (228) of the housing (122) to a ventilation outlet (246) ( 218) having ventilation device (216) for discharging a ventilation fluid from an interior (128) of the housing (122). System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a ventilation inlet (242) of the ventilation device (212) is arranged to open into an environment of the system (100, 110), in particular an inlet area (244) of the environment , in which the ventilation inlet (242) opens, is located in a high-pressure area (252) of the environment when the system (100, 110) is in at least a proper operating state. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a ventilation outlet (246) of the ventilation device (216) is arranged to open into an environment of the system (100, 110), in particular an outlet region (248) of the environment , in which the ventilation outlet (246) opens, with at least a proper operating condition status of the system (100, 110) is located in a low pressure area (256) in the surrounding area. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) comprises at least one ventilation line (214) and / or at least one ventilation line (218) which is free of a fluid delivery unit is trained. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system (100, 110) comprises a functional unit (312) with a fluid flow device (316) in which a fluid is converted, and wherein the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) is connected to the fluid flow device (316) of the functional unit (312). System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a line device (314) of the fluid flow device (316) comprises at least one drain line (324) with which the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122), in particular whose ventilation device (212) and/or whose ventilation device (216) is connected. System (100, 110), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, which is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit (126) of a fuel cell device (120), wherein the fuel cell device (120) has a housing (122) in which the at least one fuel cell unit (126), a line system (132) with line devices (134, 136, 208) for an oxidation medium, for a fuel medium and for ventilation of the housing (122) and a switching device (292) for switching between at least two different ventilation modes of the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122). System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of a ventilation fluid through the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) is at least supported externally by the fuel cell device (120), in particular at least is essentially driven. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least in a ventilation mode, a flow of the ventilation fluid in the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) of the fuel cell device (120) is at least supported internally, in particular at least in Essentially driven. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in at least one ventilation mode, the ventilation fluid flows in the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) through an active fluid delivery unit (264) of the line device (208). Ventilation of the housing (122) is at least supported, in particular at least substantially driven. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in at least one ventilation mode, the ventilation fluid flows in the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) by using a flow operation in the fuel cell device (120) but externally the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122), in particular by utilizing a flow of a fluid and/or a pressure difference in a fluid and/or at least one flow element in the line devices (136) for the oxidation medium, is at least supported, in particular at least is essentially driven. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (292) depends on at least an operating state of the system (100, 110) and / or an event external to the system (100, 110), in particular an event of a fluid external to the system, and/or an event external to the fuel cell device (120), in particular a functional state of a functional unit (312) of the system (100, 110), and/or a flow condition of a fluid, in particular external to the Fuel cell device (120) and / or in a line system (132) of the fuel cell device (120), switches to at least one ventilation mode. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) has at least one line branch (268, 284), depending on the ventilation mode through a respective line branch (268 , 284) connected line the ventilation fluid flows. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the ventilation device (212) the Lei ventilating device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) at least one line branch (268, 284) is formed, depending on the ventilation mode, the ventilation fluid through a corresponding ventilation line (214, 2141, 214II) of several leading to the line branch (268, 284). Ventilation lines (214, 214I, 214II) flows. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one line branch (268, 284) is formed in the ventilation device (216) of the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122), depending on the ventilation mode Ventilation fluid flows through a corresponding vent line (218, 218I, 218II) of several vent lines (218, 218I, 218II) leading away from the line branch (268, 284). System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this is a vehicle (110), in particular a land vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle (110a) and/or a rail vehicle (110c), and/or a watercraft (110d ) and/or an aircraft (110b). System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one ventilation mode of the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) corresponds to a continuous driving mode of the vehicle (110). System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one ventilation mode of the line device (208) for ventilation of the housing (122) corresponds to a stationary mode and / or changing mode of the driving operation of the vehicle. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation inlet (242) of the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) is arranged in a front area (257) of the vehicle (110). System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ventilation outlet (246) of the line device (208) for ventilating the housing (122) is arranged in a rear area (259) of the vehicle. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional unit (312) comprises a flow device for an engine, in particular of the vehicle, in particular for cooling the engine. System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional unit comprises a flow device for ventilation of an occupant interior, in particular of the vehicle (110). System (100, 110) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional unit (312) comprises a flow device of a drive unit, in particular of the vehicle (110). Method for operating a system that is at least partially operated by at least one fuel cell unit (126) of a fuel cell device (120), wherein the fuel cell device (120) comprises a housing (122) in which the at least one fuel cell unit (126) is arranged, and wherein in at least a ventilation mode, a flow of a ventilation fluid for ventilating the housing (122) by exploiting an event external to the fuel cell device (120), in particular external to the system (100, 110), in particular an external event of a fluid and/or one of the fuel cell device (120) external fluid flow device (316), is at least supported, in particular at least substantially driven. Method in particular according to the preceding claim, for operating a system operated at least partially by at least one fuel cell unit (126) of a fuel cell device (120), wherein the fuel cell device (120) has a housing (122) in which the at least one fuel cell unit (126) is arranged , and wherein in the method for ventilating the housing (122), switching between at least two different ventilation modes for ventilating the housing (122) is provided. Method according to one of the preceding claims directed to a method, characterized in that in at least one ventilation mode, a flow of a ventilation fluid for ventilating the housing (122) is at least supported externally by the fuel cell device (120), in particular at least substantially driven. Method according to one of the preceding claims directed to a method, characterized in that in at least one through Ventilation mode a flow of the ventilation fluid for ventilating the housing (122) in the fuel cell device (120) is at least supported internally, in particular at least substantially driven. Method according to one of the preceding claims directed to a method, characterized in that switching between different ventilation modes and / or selecting a ventilation mode depending on at least one operating state of the system (100, 110) and / or one of the system (100, 110) external event, in particular an event of a fluid external to the system (100, 110), and/or an event external to the fuel cell device (120), in particular a functional state of a functional unit of the system and/or an external flow condition of a fluid and/ or an internal flow condition of a fluid. Method according to one of the preceding claims directed to a method, characterized in that the system (100, 110) is a vehicle (110) and switching between different ventilation modes and / or selecting a ventilation mode takes place depending on a driving mode of the vehicle, in particular depending on whether the vehicle (110) is operated in a continuous driving mode or a stationary mode and/or a changing driving mode. Method according to one of the preceding claims directed to a method, characterized in that the system (100, 110) is a system according to one of the preceding claims directed to a system. Use of a fuel cell device (120) comprising at least one fuel cell unit (126), which has a housing (122) in which the at least one fuel cell unit (126) is arranged, and a line system (132) with line devices (134, 136, 208) for a Oxidation medium, a fuel medium and for ventilating the housing (122), for a system according to one of the preceding claims directed to a system and / or for a method according to one of the preceding claims directed to a method.

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