DE102022103803A1 - Shut-off device for connection to a water supply system, water supply system with shut-off device and method for operating the shut-off device in the water supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

Shown and described is a shut-off device for connecting to a water supply system and for limiting the flow of water from the water supply system through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"), the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") having a shut-off element (3 , 3', 3") for adjusting the flow of water, the shut-off element (3, 3', 3") comprising an actuating device (4, 4', 4") for adjusting the shut-off element (3, 3', 3") ) by an operator, the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") having a blocking and/or throttling device (5, 5', 5") for blocking and/or throttling the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"), in particular by the shut-off element (3, 3', 3"), wherein in the direct connection of the shut-off element (3, 3', 3") and the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") no water line (7, 7") or one without branches is provided, with the blocking and/or throttling device (5, 5', 5") for automatically specifying a maximum flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") independently of an actuation of the actuating device (4, 4', 4") according to fixed specifications on the part of the water supplier and/or according to current operating parameters of the water supply system and/or according to forecast values is trained regarding the water supply system. The shut-off device always allows to ensure an appropriate adjustment of demand and supply of water in the water supply system.

Description

The invention relates to a shut-off device for connection to a water supply system and for limiting the flow of water from the water supply system through the shut-off device. Furthermore, the invention relates to a water supply system with a corresponding shut-off device. In addition, the invention relates to a method for operating the shut-off device in the water supply system.

Shut-off devices for water supply systems are already known from the prior art. Water supply systems usually have a large number of shut-off devices that are intended to limit the flow of water at a specific point in the water supply system. They can be arranged either between two pipe sections of the water supply system or at the end of a pipe of the water supply system.

With the help of their water supply system, water suppliers provide water, in particular drinking water, to a large number of consumers. The water can be withdrawn by the consumer via various withdrawal devices such as a house connection, a connection for a factory site or a mobile withdrawal device such as a standpipe that is connected to a hydrant of the water supply system. The withdrawal of water, especially when using a standpipe, may be subject to contractual restrictions in terms of quantity, location and time. Other connections to the water supply system are not subject to such restrictions. It is therefore difficult to always match the supply and demand of water in a water supply system. This is particularly true in periods of drought and heat, when there is an increased demand for water on the one hand and a reduced water supply on the other.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a shut-off device, a water supply system and a method for operating a shut-off device of the type mentioned at the beginning in order to always ensure an appropriate adjustment of demand and supply of water in the water supply system.

This object is achieved according to claim 1 by a shut-off device for connecting to a water supply system and for limiting the flow of water from the water supply system through the shut-off device, the shut-off device comprising a shut-off element for adjusting the flow of water, the shut-off element having an actuating device for adjusting the shut-off element by an operator, the shut-off device having a blocking and/or throttling device for blocking and/or throttling the flow of water through the shut-off device, in particular through the shut-off element, with the direct connection of the shut-off element and the blocking and/or or throttling device no water line or a branch-free water line is provided, with the blocking and/or throttling device for automatically specifying a maximum flow rate of water through the shut-off device, which may vary in time and/or location, independently of actuation of the actuating device according to fixed specifications on the part of the water supplier and/or according to current operating parameters of the water supply system and/or according to predicted values relating to the water supply system.

In addition, the object according to claim 8 is achieved by a water supply system for supplying water to a plurality of consumers with at least one shut-off device according to one of claims 1 to 7.

The aforementioned object is also achieved according to claim 11 with a method for operating a shut-off device, in which a water supplier has a fixed specification and/or a specification dependent on current operating parameters of the water supply system and/or a specification dependent on predicted values relating to the water supply system for the flow of water through the shut-off device and in which a blocking and/or throttling device based on the fixed specification and/or the specification dependent on current operating parameters of the water supply system and/or the specification dependent on forecast values relating to the water supply system is independent of an actuation of one at the Shut-off device provided an actuator having shut-off by an operator specifies the maximum flow of water through the shut-off device.

The invention is based on the idea of using shut-off devices for controlling the withdrawal of water from the water supply system. The water supplier can limit the withdrawal of water from the water supply system by the consumer with the shut-off device, the water supply system or with the procedure according to his own specifications and/or prevent completely. This is useful to match the supply and demand of water in the water supply system, for example when the consumer wants to withdraw water from the water supply system beyond a contractual agreement and/or the water demand cannot be fully met due to a water shortage.

For this purpose, the shut-off device must be connected to the water supply system so that the water in the water supply system flows through the shut-off device at one point. The operator can adjust the shut-off device on the shut-off device by actuating the actuating device present on the shut-off device and thus adjust the flow of water through the shut-off device himself. The operator can be a consumer or an employee of the water supplier. The shut-off device therefore also includes a blocking and/or throttling device, which automatically specifies a maximum flow of water through the shut-off device, as specified by the water supplier, independently of actuation of the actuating device. Even if the operator opens the shut-off device to the maximum extent, only a reduced amount of water, which is specified by the blocking and/or throttling device, can flow through the shut-off device in this state. In the direct connection of the shut-off device and the blocking and/or throttling device, no line or a line without branches is provided.

The maximum flow of water through the shut-off device is set based on fixed specifications from the water supplier and/or based on current operating parameters of the water supply system and/or based on predicted values relating to the water supply system. The blocking and/or throttling device checks the specification of the water supplier and, based on this, specifies the maximum flow of water through the shut-off device. A fixed specification can, for example, be a time-dependent specification for the maximum flow of water through the shut-off device. The setting of the maximum flow according to current operating parameters of the water supply system can be done, for example, via a water pressure-dependent specification. Predicted values such as a predicted water requirement in the water supply system can also be used to specify a maximum flow of water through the shut-off device.

In this way, a maximum flow of water through the shut-off device can be specified in real time. The water supplier does not have to actively intervene in the event of non-compliance with a specification made by him, since the blocking and/or throttling device can be able to regulate the water flow through the shut-off device if necessary without further action by the water supplier.

The blocking and/or throttling device can have a control unit that assumes control based on the specifications of the water supplier. Based on the specifications of the water supplier, the control unit can calculate control signals for limiting the flow of water through the shut-off device.

Limiting the flow of water through the shut-off device can be helpful if the consumer breaches the contractual arrangements that the water company and the consumer have agreed upon. For example, if the consumer withdraws water from the water supply system in a time window in which no water is to be withdrawn according to the contractual agreement, the water withdrawal can be limited in real time by the shut-off device without the water supplier having to take action.

In addition, the security of supply in the water supply system can be increased with the invention without the water supply system having to be fundamentally expanded. If the water supply cannot be easily ensured, the water flow can be reduced.

Theoretically, the withdrawal of water at each individual local withdrawal device can be limited to different extents by means of a separate shut-off device. This can ensure that every local extraction facility is supplied with water, albeit in a reduced quantity compared to the normal state. In this way, it is prevented that, during power peaks, water is drawn off excessively at local extraction devices that are connected at the beginning of a water line of the water supply system. This could result in the withdrawal devices, which are connected to the end of a water line of the water supply system, no longer being adequately supplied with water.

Alternatively or additionally, the water can be distributed in the water supply system in the event of a water shortage by means of one or more shut-off devices arranged centrally in the water supply system. In this case, the water withdrawal is limited collectively for all withdrawal devices downstream of the shut-off device in the flow direction of the water. At For example, the withdrawal of water can be limited for an entire district with a single appropriately arranged shut-off device, so that with appropriate arrangement of shut-off devices it can be ensured that all districts are supplied with sufficient water without the water supply collapsing in individual quarters.

The control of the water distribution by means of a plurality of shut-off devices arranged in the water supply system is usually less complicated than limiting the removal at each individual removal device with a respective shut-off device. In addition, the withdrawal of water can be limited via a shut-off device arranged centrally in the water supply system for all withdrawal devices downstream of the shut-off device in the flow direction of the water, even if these are not themselves equipped with a corresponding shut-off device. Retrofitting with the appropriate technology in an existing water supply system can be carried out more easily if only shut-off devices are arranged centrally in the water supply system and not every individual withdrawal device is equipped with a shut-off device.

When limiting the withdrawal of water in the event of a water shortage, it can make sense to take defined secondary conditions into account for shut-off devices that are assigned to individual withdrawal devices. For example, critical infrastructure buildings such as hospitals should always be supplied with sufficient water. In certain circumstances, it can be useful to limit the flow through individual shut-off devices to different extents in the event of a water shortage.

The blocking and/or throttling device should be designed and/or positioned in such a way that the operator of the shut-off device, particularly when operated by a consumer, cannot manipulate the blocking and/or throttling device in order to limit the flow of water cannot be counteracted by the shut-off device according to the specifications of the water supplier.

In a first particularly preferred embodiment of the shut-off device, the blocking and/or throttling device has a time recording device and/or a location recording device, with the blocking and/or throttling device being designed to determine the maximum flow of water through the shut-off device according to fixed time and/or or local requirements. A time recording device is helpful, for example, if the consumer and the water supplier have agreed on a time window for removing water from the water supply system with a withdrawal device. Outside the time window, the blocking and/or throttling device can limit the flow of water through the shut-off device, which is assigned to the consumer's withdrawal device. A location detection device is particularly relevant for mobile extraction devices such as a standpipe, via which water can otherwise be extracted in significant quantities at any point in the water supply system, in particular via hydrants. By comparing the location determined by the location detection device with a permissible location, the blocking and/or throttle device can locally limit the water withdrawal at a withdrawal device if required.

The blocking and/or throttling device preferably has a flow rate detection device for detecting the current and/or cumulative flow of water through the shut-off device, with the blocking and/or throttling device being designed to determine the maximum flow of water through the shut-off device according to fixed specifications regarding the recorded current and/or cumulative flow rate. The water supplier can use the flow rate detection device to ensure that water is not excessively withdrawn from the water supply system. The automatic specification of the maximum flow of water through the shut-off device depending on the current and/or cumulative flow does not require any manual intervention by the water supplier. The flow rate detection device can be upstream or downstream of the shut-off element that can be actuated by the operator in the flow direction of the water.

As a side effect, with the blocking and/or throttling device having the flow rate detection device, in the case of a particularly strong flow of water through the shut-off device, it can be concluded that there is a pipe rupture downstream of the shut-off device in the flow direction of the water. In the event of a pipe burst, an uncontrolled escape of water can be counteracted by the shut-off device blocking and/or throttling the flow of water.

The time recording device, the location recording device and the flow rate recording device, if present, are connected to the control unit of the blocking and/or throttling device so that it can process the measured values if required.

The blocking and/or throttling device is expediently in a position that completely blocks the flow of water through the shut-off device and/or in at least one position that throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device and/or in at least one position that throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device releasing position can be brought. In this way, the blocking and/or throttling device either does not affect the flow, reduces the flow, or interrupts the flow.

The blocking and/or throttling device can be designed as a shut-off device upstream or downstream of the shut-off element in the flow direction of the water through the shut-off device. With the help of this shut-off device, the flow of water through the shut-off device can be limited without having to act on the shut-off element that can be operated by the operator. Alternatively, the blocking and/or throttle device can be designed and arranged to actuate the shut-off element, in particular the actuating device. In this embodiment variant, no additional shut-off device is necessary. Accordingly, the control unit of the blocking and/or throttle device controls either the shut-off device or the shut-off element, depending on the design variant.

In a further preferred embodiment of the shut-off device, the blocking and/or throttle device has a receiving and/or transmitting device for receiving and/or transmitting signals. Sending and/or receiving can take place, for example, via mobile radio, WLAN, Bluetooth and/or a signal line. The water supplier can use the receiving and/or transmitting device to transmit new specifications for the flow of water through the shut-off device to the blocking and/or throttling device at any time and from any location. In this way, specifications can be changed in real time. Alternatively or additionally, current operating parameters or forecast values relating to the water supply system that are collected centrally in the water supply system can be transmitted to the blocking and/or throttling device and processed there. It can also be expedient to send the operating parameters collected at the shut-off device to a central control device of the water supplier via the transmission device.

With these measured values, the water supplier is able to obtain information about the current flow of water through the individual shut-off devices. Future needs can be better forecast with such data.

In addition, the evaluation of this data can help with the central identification of pipe bursts in the water supply system.

The shut-off device is particularly preferably designed as a standpipe for connecting to a hydrant and removing water from a hydrant through the standpipe. In water supply systems, hydrants are provided at regular intervals, by means of which water can be taken from the water supply system with the aid of a standpipe. Consumers such as the fire brigade, street cleaning companies or organizers of large festivals use standpipes to gain access to the water supply system via a hydrant. A shut-off device according to the invention, which is designed as a standpipe, enables the water supplier to control the withdrawal of water by such consumers and to limit it if necessary.

Alternatively, the shut-off device is designed as a node for the water supply system and for water to flow through from one part of the water supply system into an adjacent part of the water supply system. At least two pipelines in the water supply system are connected to one another by a shut-off device designed as a node, so that water flows from the pipeline upstream of the shut-off device into the shut-off device and then into the pipeline downstream of the shut-off device. The node can also connect an upstream pipeline with several downstream pipelines or vice versa. If the shut-off device designed as a junction is arranged at a branch from which an entire district is supplied with water, the amount of water made available for the district can be regulated by specifying a maximum flow of water through this junction. Accordingly, a shut-off device that is designed as a node for the water supply system is particularly suitable for central regulation of water distribution in cases of water shortages, since such a shut-off device can be used to collectively limit the flow of water to the extraction devices downstream of the node.

It is also possible to design the shut-off device as a consumer end connection for removing water from the water supply system at a consumer end point of the water supply system. For example, the shut-off device can be designed as a house connection. A shut-off device designed as a house connection allows the limitation of the Water withdrawal for a single consumer. If a large number of shut-off devices designed as consumer end connections are provided in the water supply system, the water withdrawal can also be regulated in a decentralized manner in the event of a water shortage. In this way, specific secondary conditions can be taken into account particularly easily for the individual consumer end connections.

In a first particularly preferred embodiment of the water supply system, at least one central monitoring and/or control device is provided, for example as a central control device, and at least one communication unit connected to the monitoring and/or control device for receiving and/or sending signals. The monitoring and/or control device can be used to monitor the water withdrawals at the individual withdrawal devices and/or any operating parameters of the water supply system and/or environmental parameters. In addition, the monitoring and/or control device can also be designed using its communication unit to send information to a receiving and/or transmitting device of the shut-off device, according to which the blocking and/or throttling device blocks and/or throttles the water flow.

At least one measuring point for measuring operating parameters of the water supply system and/or environmental parameters is advantageously provided in the water supply system. The measuring point is preferably equipped with a communication device for sending signals, so that, for example, the measured values collected at the measuring point can be sent to the central monitoring and/or control device and/or the at least one shut-off device. In particular, the water pressure is of great interest as an operating parameter of the water supply system. The current water pressure is a good indicator for assessing whether there is a water shortage in the water supply system. If the water pressure falls below a certain minimum water pressure, a bottleneck in the water supply can be concluded. Likewise, weather data such as temperature, amount of precipitation and air pressure can be of great relevance as environmental parameters for regulating the water supply system.

In a first particularly preferred embodiment of the method, a time recording device determines a point in time which the blocking and/or throttling device compares with a time window specified by the water supplier. If a point in time outside the time window is identified, the blocking and/or throttling device blocks and/or throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device. This design variant is relevant in particular for mobile shut-off devices such as a standpipe. When a standpipe is rented out by a water supplier to a consumer, contractual agreements are sometimes made regarding the time at which water is to be taken. With the use of a time recording device, it can be ensured that water is only withdrawn in agreed time windows.

Alternatively or additionally, a location detection device determines a location that the blocking and/or throttling device compares with a permissible location specified by the water supplier. If the location does not correspond to the permitted location, the blocking and/or throttling device blocks and/or throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device. A GPS sensor is preferably used as the location detection device.

A sensible control of the shut-off device can also be achieved by a flow meter measuring a mass flow of water through the shut-off device, the blocking and/or throttling device comparing the mass flow with a maximum permissible mass flow specified by the water supplier and when the maximum permissible mass flow is exceeded blocks and/or throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device. In addition to checking contractual agreements, a broken pipe downstream of the shut-off device can be identified in this way. If there is a strong, long-lasting flow of water through the shut-off device, a pipe rupture can be concluded and the flow of water through the shut-off device can be blocked and/or throttled.

Alternatively or additionally, the flow meter can measure a cumulative flow of water through the shut-off device, which the blocking and/or throttle device compares with a maximum permissible cumulative flow specified by the water supplier. If the maximum permissible cumulative flow rate is exceeded, the blocking and/or throttling device blocks and/or throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device. This is particularly relevant if the withdrawal of water at a specific withdrawal device is subject to a specification regarding a maximum permitted amount of water to be withdrawn.

In addition, a measuring point advantageously records a current water pressure in the water supply system. The blocking and/or throttling device compares the measured water pressure with a minimum water pressure specified by the water supplier and blocks and/or throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device if the water pressure falls below the minimum. This embodiment variant is relevant in particular for ensuring a high level of security of supply, since if the water pressure falls below a minimum, the controlled distribution of the water in the water supply system can begin, as already explained above.

The blocking and/or throttling device can block and/or throttle the flow of water through the shut-off device by a shut-off device upstream or downstream of the shut-off element in the flow direction of the water through the shut-off device. In this embodiment variant, the blocking and/or throttle device has its own shut-off device. Alternatively, the blocking and/or throttling device can block and/or throttle the flow of water through the shut-off device by actuating the shut-off element. This is preferably done in that the blocking and/or throttling device acts on an actuating device of the shut-off element.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method, a receiving and/or transmitting device of the blocking and/or throttle device receives signals. These signals can be, for example, current operating data from the water supply system and/or predicted values relating to the water supply system and/or new specifications from the water supplier. In addition, it can be useful if the receiving and/or transmitting device of the blocking and/or throttle device sends signals such as operating parameters of the shut-off device. In this way, the shut-off device can communicate with a central monitoring and/or control device of the water supply system. It is also possible for several shut-off devices to exchange data with one another.

The security of supply can be guaranteed particularly well if a forecast module forecasts future water requirements in the water supply system based on historical data and/or based on current data and the water supplier makes at least one forecast-dependent specification for water withdrawal from the water supply system. When using historical water data to forecast future water requirements, time-dependent water requirements from the past should preferably be used, since water requirements are subject to strong seasonal fluctuations. Comparatively more water is taken from the water supply system in summer than in the winter months. Fluctuations throughout the day are also common. Weather data in particular can be considered as current data, since the general water requirement is very dependent on the weather.

With the help of the prognosis module, future water requirements can be taken into account when controlling the water supply system. For example, in the case of a predicted strong increase in water demand during a hot period, a specification for a maximum water mass flow to be withdrawn at individual withdrawal devices could be defined. In this case, water could be removed from the individual removal devices with a comparatively reduced water pressure. In this way, the situation could be prevented in which the water demand at withdrawal facilities in critical infrastructure buildings, such as a hospital, cannot be fully met.

• 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Absperreinrichtung in einer schematischen Darstellung,
• 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Absperreinrichtung in einer schematischen Darstellung,
• 3 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Absperreinrichtung in einer schematischen Darstellung und
• 4 ein Wasserversorgungssystem mit erfindungsgemäßen Absperreinrichtungen in einer schematischen Darstellung.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing that merely shows exemplary embodiments. In the drawing shows

• 1 a first embodiment of a shut-off device according to the invention in a schematic representation,
• 2 a second embodiment of a shut-off device according to the invention in a schematic representation,
• 3 a third embodiment of a shut-off device according to the invention in a schematic representation and
• 4 a water supply system with shut-off devices according to the invention in a schematic representation.

In the 1 a first exemplary embodiment of a shut-off device 1 is shown in a schematic representation. In the 1 The shut-off device 1 shown is designed as a consumer end connection and comprises a connection device 2 for connection to a water supply system and a shut-off element 3. The shut-off element 3 has an actuating device 4 that can be actuated by an operator. This actuating device 4 can be designed, for example, as a faucet that the operator can turn on to remove water from the water supply system. The water flows in a flow direction F from the connection device 2 to the shut-off element 3.

A blocking and/or throttling device 5 is provided to limit the flow of water through the shut-off device 1 as specified by the water supplier. The blocking and/or throttling device 5 has a shut-off device 6, by means of which the flow of water through the shut-off device 1 can be limited. For this purpose, the shut-off device 6 can be brought into a position that completely blocks the flow of water through the shut-off device 1, into a position that throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device 1, and into a position that completely releases the flow of water through the shut-off device 1. A branch-free water line 7 is provided in the direct connection between the shut-off device 6, the blocking and/or throttle device 5 and the shut-off element 3.

In addition to the shut-off device 6 , the blocking and/or throttle device 5 has a control unit 8 which is provided for controlling the shut-off device 6 . The specifications of the water supplier for specifying a maximum flow of water through the shut-off device 1 that varies in time and/or location as required are stored on the control unit 8 independently of an actuation of the actuating device 4 . Based on these specifications, the control unit 8 can calculate actuating signals for the shut-off device 6 and transmit them to it. The control signals are then implemented in the shut-off device 6 .

To measure the flow of water through the shut-off device 1 , a measuring device 9 comprising a plurality of detection devices is provided, which is arranged between the connecting device 2 and the shut-off element 3 . The measuring device 9 comprises a time recording device 10 for determining a point in time, a location recording device 11 for determining a geographic position of the shut-off device 1 and a flow rate recording device 12 for measuring the current and/or cumulative flow of water through the shut-off device 1. However, not all of these recording devices have to be used be provided.

The data collected on the measuring device 9 on the flow of water through the shut-off device 1 are transmitted from the measuring device 9 to the control unit 8 . In this way, the control unit 8 can compare the default values of the water supplier with the corresponding measured values.

The blocking and/or throttling device 5 has a receiving and/or transmitting device 13 which is connected to the control unit 8 . The receiving and/or transmitting device 13 is designed for data exchange with other entities. For example, the measured values recorded at shut-off device 1 can be sent to an in 1 transmit not shown central monitoring and / or control device 14 or to other shut-off devices 1 in the water supply system. In addition, the water supplier can transmit new default values to the blocking and/or throttling device 5 at any time with the aid of the receiving and/or transmitting device 13 . This is done, for example, with the central monitoring and/or control device 14.

In 2 a second exemplary embodiment of a shut-off device 1' is shown schematically. In contrast to the in 1 Shut-off device 1 shown, the blocking and/or throttle device 5' does not have its own shut-off device 6 in this exemplary embodiment. To limit the flow of water through the shut-off device 1', the blocking and/or throttle device 5' is designed in such a way that it can act on the actuating device 4' which can be actuated by the operator. For this purpose, the control unit 8' is connected to the shut-off device 3'. The further structure corresponds to that in 1 shown first embodiment.

In 3 a third exemplary embodiment of a shut-off device 1" is shown. The shut-off device 1" is designed as a node. The shut-off device 1" is connected to the water supply system in such a way that it is arranged between a pipeline 15 arranged in front of the shut-off device 1" in the flow direction of the water F and four pipelines 16 arranged behind the shut-off device 1". The pipelines 16 arranged behind the shut-off device 1". each lead to a plurality of shut-off devices 1, 1'. The shut-off devices 1, 1' are not included for the sake of clarity 3 shown.

To connect the pipelines 15, 16 to the shut-off device 1", the shut-off device 1" has a first connection device 17 and a second connection device 18. The first connection device 17 connects the pipeline 15 located in front of the shut-off device 1" to the shut-off device 1". The second connecting device 18 connects the four pipelines 16 located behind the shut-off device 1" to the shut-off device 1".

A blocking and/or throttling device 5" of the shut-off device 1" comprises a shut-off element 3" which has an actuating device 4" and which can be actuated by an operator. In addition, the blocking and/or throttling device 5" has a shut-off device 6" which, in the flow direction of the water F, is located in front of the shut-off organ 3". With the shut-off device 6", the flow of water through the shut-off device 1" can be completely blocked, throttled or completely released. The shut-off device 6" of the blocking and/or throttle device 5" and the shut-off element 3" are equipped with connected to a branch-free line 7". In addition to the shut-off device 6", the blocking and/or throttle device 5" includes a control unit 8", which controls the shut-off device 6", in that the control unit 8" has, among other things, actuating signals for the shut-off device 6" to limit the flow of water through the shut-off device 1". The actuating signals calculated by the control unit 8" are transmitted to the shut-off device 6" and converted there, so that the flow of water through the shut-off device 1" can be limited. With a limited flow, less water than in the normal state flows from the upstream of the shut-off device 1 " pipeline 15 to the four pipelines 16 behind the shut-off device 1".

A measuring device 9" is arranged behind the shut-off device 6" in the flow direction of the water F. The measuring device 9" includes a time recording device 10", a location recording device 11" and a flow rate recording device 12". The measuring device 9" is connected to the control unit 8", so that the measured values collected at the measuring device 9" can be taken into account when controlling the shut-off device 6".

The blocking and/or throttling device 5" of the shut-off device 1" has a receiving and/or transmitting device 13" which is connected to the control unit 8" of the blocking and/or throttling device 5".

Data can be sent and/or received with the receiving and/or transmitting device 13". For example, it can be expedient to transmit the values recorded at the measuring device 9" to the central monitoring and/or control device 14. In addition, the water supplier can transmit new specifications via the receiving and/or transmitting device 13" to the control unit 8" and make further measured values of the blocking and/or throttling device 5" available in the water supply system. For example, it can be advantageous if a water pressure measured in the water supply system is transmitted to the blocking and/or throttling device 5" of the shut-off device 1". The blocking and/or throttling device 5" can then limit the flow of water through the shut-off device 1" if the water pressure falls below a minimum, in order to prevent a failure of the prevent pipe-bound water supply in individual parts of the water supply system.

In 4 a detail of a water supply system with several shut-off devices 1, 1", 1" is shown in a schematic representation. The shut-off devices 1" designed as nodes connect upstream and downstream pipelines 14, 15, with the aid of which water can be routed to a plurality of shut-off devices 1, 1' designed as consumer end connections. A shut-off device 1" designed as a node can also be connected to a Group 19 of shut-off devices 1, 1' be connected. When the flow of water is limited by the shut-off devices 1″ designed as nodes, the flow of water to the corresponding groups 19 of shut-off devices 1, 1′ is collectively limited.

The water supply system also has the central monitoring and/or control device 14, from which all operating parameters of the water supply system can be centrally monitored. The monitoring and/or control device 14 is equipped with a communication unit 20 for receiving and/or sending signals, so that it can communicate with the shut-off devices 1, 1', 1" in order to exchange measured values, for example. In addition, a measuring point 21 arranged to measure operating parameters in the water supply system. At this measuring point 21, among other things, a water pressure is measured. Another measuring point 22 is located outside the water supply system to measure environmental parameters such as weather data. Both measuring points 21, 22 are equipped with a communication device 23 for sending Equipped with signals, so that the measured values collected there can be transmitted to the shut-off devices 1, 1', 1" and/or to the central monitoring and/or control device 14.

Reference List

1, 1', 1"

shut-off device

2, 2`

connection device

3, 3', 3"

shut-off device

4, 4', 4"

actuating device

5, 5', 5"

Blocking and/or throttling device

6.6"

shut-off device

7, 7', 7"

branch-free water pipe

8, 8', 8"

control unit

9, 9', 9"

measuring device

10, 10', 10"

time recording device

11, 11', 11"

location detection device

12, 12', 12"

flow detection device

13, 13', 13"

Receiving and/or transmitting device of the shut-off device 1, 1', 1"

14

Monitoring and/or control device

15, 16

piping

17

first connection device

18

second connection device

19

Group of shut-off devices 1, 1'

20

Communication unit of the monitoring and/or control device 14

21, 22

measuring point

23

Communication device of measuring point 21, 22

f

flow direction of the water

Claims (19)

Shut-off device for connecting to a water supply system and for limiting the flow of water from the water supply system through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"), the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") having a shut-off element (3, 3', 3 ") for adjusting the flow of water, the shut-off element (3, 3', 3") having an actuating device (4, 4', 4") for adjusting the shut-off element (3, 3', 3") by an operator , wherein the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") has a blocking and/or throttling device (5, 5', 5") for blocking and/or throttling the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1" ), in particular by the shut-off element (3, 3', 3"), wherein in the direct connection of the shut-off element (3, 3', 3") and the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5" ) no water line (7, 7") or a branch-free water line (7, 7") is provided, with the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") for automatically specifying a maximum flow of water that varies in time and/or location as required the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") is designed independently of an actuation of the actuating device (4, 4', 4") according to fixed specifications on the part of the water supplier and/or according to current operating parameters of the water supply system and/or according to forecast values relating to the water supply system . shut-off device claim 1 , characterized in that the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") has a time recording device (10, 10', 10") and/or a location detection device (11, 11', 11") and that the Blocking and/or throttling device (5, 5', 5") is designed to specify the maximum flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") according to fixed time and/or location specifications. shut-off device claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") has a flow detection device (12, 12', 12") for detecting the current and/or cumulative flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1st ', 1'") and that the blocking and/or throttling device (5, 5', 5") is designed to limit the maximum flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") according to fixed specifications relating to the specified current and/or cumulative flow rate. Shut-off device according to one of Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the blocking and/or throttling device (5, 5', 5") can be brought into a position completely blocking the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") and/or that the blocking - and/or throttling device (5, 5', 5") can be brought into at least one position that throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") and/or that the blocking and/or throttling device (5 , 5', 5") can be brought into at least one position that completely releases the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"). Shut-off device according to one of Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the blocking and/or throttling device (5, 5', 5") as one of the shut-off element (3, 3', 3") in the flow direction (F) of the water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") upstream or downstream of the shut-off device (6, 6") or that the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") is designed to actuate the shut-off element (3'), in particular the actuating device (4'), designed and arranged. Shut-off device according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") has a receiving and/or transmitting device (13, 13', 13") for receiving and/or transmitting signals, in particular via mobile radio, WLAN, Bluetooth and/or a signal line. Shut-off device according to one of Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") is designed as a standpipe for connecting to a hydrant and removing water from a hydrant through the standpipe, or that the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") is designed as a node for the water supply system and for water to flow through from one part of the water supply system into an adjacent part of the water supply system, or that the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") is designed as a consumer end connection, in particular as a house connection, for removing water from the water supply system a consumer terminal of the water supply system is formed. Water supply system for supplying a plurality of consumers with water, having at least one shut-off device (1, 1', 1") according to one of Claims 1 until 7 . water supply system claim 8 , characterized in that at least one monitoring and/or control device (14) and at least one communication unit (20) connected to the at least one monitoring and/or control device (14), preferably for communication with a receiving and/or transmitting device ( 13, 13', 13") of the at least one shut-off device (1, 1', 1"). water supply system claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that at least one measuring point (21, 22) is provided for measuring operating parameters of the water supply system, in particular the water pressure, and/or environmental parameters, in particular weather data, and that, preferably, the measuring point (21, 22) is equipped with a communication device (23) for sending signals, preferably relating to the operating parameters and/or environmental parameters, to the central monitoring and/or control device (14) and/or to the at least one shut-off device (1, 1', 1"). Method for operating a shut-off device (1, 1', 1") according to one of Claims 1 until 7 , In particular in a water supply system according to one of Claims 8 until 10 , - in which a water supplier makes a fixed specification and/or a specification dependent on current operating parameters of the water supply system and/or a specification dependent on predicted values relating to the water supply system for the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") and - in which a blocking and/or throttling device (5, 5', 5"), based on the fixed specification and/or the specification dependent on current operating parameters of the water supply system and/or the specification dependent on forecast values relating to the water supply system, independently of an actuation a shut-off element (3, 3', 3") provided on the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") and having an actuating device (4, 4', 4"), an operator controls the maximum flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"). procedure after claim 11 , in which a time recording device (10, 10', 10") determines a point in time, the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") compares the point in time with a time window specified by the water supplier and, if a point in time is identified, outside of it of the time window blocks and/or throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"). procedure after claim 11 or 12 , in which a location detection device (11, 11', 11") determines a location, the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") compares the location with a permissible location specified by the water supplier and, if the Blocks and/or throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") at the permitted location. Procedure according to one of Claims 11 until 13 , in which a flow detection device (12, 12', 12") measures a mass flow of the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"), the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") compares the mass flow with a maximum permissible mass flow specified by the water supplier and, if the maximum permissible mass flow is exceeded, blocks and/or throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"). Procedure according to one of Claims 11 until 14 , in which the flow detection device (12, 12', 12") measures a cumulative flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"), the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") measured cumulative flow rate with a maximum permissible cumulative flow rate specified by the water supplier and, if the maximum permissible cumulative flow rate is exceeded, blocks and/or throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"). Procedure according to one of Claims 11 until 15 , at which a measuring point (21) detects a current water pressure in the water supply system, the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5 ', 5 ") the measured water pressure with a the minimum water pressure specified by the water supplier and, if the water pressure falls below the minimum, blocks and/or throttles the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"). Procedure according to one of Claims 11 until 16 , in which the blocking and/or throttling device (5, 5', 5") restricts the flow of water through the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") through a shut-off element (3, 3") in the direction of flow (F) of the water by the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") upstream or downstream of the shut-off device (1, 1', 1") and/or by actuating the shut-off element (3'), in particular the actuating device (4'), and /or throttles. Procedure according to one of Claims 11 until 17 , in which a receiving and/or transmitting device (13, 13', 13") of the blocking and/or throttle device (5, 5', 5") transmits signals, in particular current operating data of the water supply system and/or forecast values relating to the water supply system and /or receives new specifications from the water supplier and/or sends signals, in particular operating parameters of the shut-off device (1, 1', 1"). Procedure according to one of Claims 11 until 18 , in which a forecasting module forecasts future water requirements in the water supply system on the basis of historical data, in particular time-dependent water requirements, and/or on the basis of current data, in particular weather data, and the water supplier makes at least one forecast-dependent specification for water withdrawal from the water supply system.

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