DE102022101003A1 - WINDOW PANE FOR A VEHICLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a window pane for a vehicle, which includes a glass plate and an antenna, the antenna having a feed section, a first element extending from a first connecting end electrically connected to the feed section to a first open end, a second member extending from a second connection end electrically connected to the feed section to a second open end, and a third member extending from a third connection end electrically connected to the feed section to a third open end end extends, includes; the first panel comprises a first portion extending in a first direction and a second portion folded back from the first portion and then extending in a second direction opposite to the first direction; the second member includes a third portion extending in the first direction; the third element includes a fourth portion extending in the first direction; and the first element, the second element and the third element are arranged in that order or in the order of the second element, the first element and the third element in a third direction different from the first direction and the second direction.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a windowpane for a vehicle.

STATE OF THE ART

In recent years, antennas in which compound antenna elements capable of receiving signals in multiple frequency bands such as AM (amplitude modulation) broadcast waves, FM (frequency modulation) broadcast waves, digital terrestrial broadcast waves, digital audio broadcast (DAB) waves have been developed , are integrated are put to practical use as antennas to be mounted on vehicles such as automobiles. For example, a glass antenna is known which comprises a first antenna connected to a first feeding section and for receiving FM broadcast waves and electromagnetic waves of DAB Band III, a second antenna connected to a second feeding section and for receiving AM broadcast waves, and includes a third antenna connected to a third feeder section and for receiving electromagnetic waves in a TV broadcasting band (see, e.g., Patent Document 1).

Patent Document 1: JP 2015-142162 A

However, the technique of Patent Document 1 has a complex antenna structure because multiple antennas having different feed portions are required for receiving electromagnetic waves in both an ultra high frequency (VHF) band and a decimeter wave (UHF) band.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a window glass for a vehicle equipped with an antenna capable of receiving electromagnetic waves in both the VHF band and the UHF band, although its structure is relatively simple.

• eine Glasplatte; und
• eine Antenne, die auf der Glasplatte ausgebildet ist und eine elektromagnetische Welle in einem ersten Frequenzband, eine elektromagnetische Welle in einem zweiten Frequenzband, das niedriger ist als das erste Frequenzband, und eine elektromagnetische Welle in einem dritten Frequenzband, das niedriger ist als das zweite Frequenzband, empfängt, wobei:
  • das erste Frequenzband in das UHF-Band einbezogen ist;
  • das zweite Frequenzband und das dritte Frequenzband in das VHF-Band einbezogen sind;
  • die Antenne enthält:
    • einen Zuführungsabschnitt;
    • ein erstes Element, das sich von einem ersten Verbindungsende, das mit dem Zuführungsabschnitt elektrisch verbunden ist, zu einem ersten offenen Ende, das dem ersten Verbindungsende gegenüberliegt, erstreckt;
    • ein zweites Element, das sich von einem zweiten Verbindungsende, das mit dem Zuführungsabschnitt elektrisch verbunden ist, zu einem zweiten offenen Ende, das dem zweiten Verbindungsende gegenüberliegt, erstreckt; und
    • ein drittes Element, das sich von einem dritten Verbindungsende, das mit dem Zuführungsabschnitt elektrisch verbunden ist, zu einem dritten offenen Ende, das dem dritten Verbindungsende gegenüberliegt, erstreckt;
  • das erste Element einen ersten Abschnitt, der sich in einer ersten Richtung erstreckt, und einen zweiten Abschnitt, der von dem ersten Abschnitt zurückgefaltet ist und sich dann in einer zweiten Richtung erstreckt, die entgegengesetzt zu der ersten Richtung ist, umfasst;
  • das zweite Element einen dritten Abschnitt umfasst, der sich in der ersten Richtung erstreckt;
  • das dritte Element einen vierten Abschnitt umfasst, der sich in der ersten Richtung erstreckt; und
  • das erste Element, das zweite Element und das dritte Element in der Reihenfolge des ersten Elements, des zweiten Elements und des dritten Elements oder in der Reihenfolge des zweiten Elements, des ersten Elements und des dritten Elements in einer dritten Richtung angeordnet sind, die von der ersten Richtung und der zweiten Richtung verschieden ist.

The present invention provides a window pane for a vehicle, comprising:

• a glass plate; and
• an antenna formed on the glass plate and an electromagnetic wave in a first frequency band, an electromagnetic wave in a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band, and an electromagnetic wave in a third frequency band lower than the second frequency band , receives, where:
  • the first frequency band is included in the UHF band;
  • the second frequency band and the third frequency band are included in the VHF band;
  • the antenna contains:
    • a feeding section;
    • a first member extending from a first connection end electrically connected to the feed section to a first open end opposite to the first connection end;
    • a second member extending from a second connection end electrically connected to the feed section to a second open end opposite to the second connection end; and
    • a third member extending from a third connection end electrically connected to the feeding section to a third open end opposite to the third connection end;
  • the first panel comprises a first portion extending in a first direction and a second portion folded back from the first portion and then extending in a second direction opposite to the first direction;
  • the second member includes a third portion extending in the first direction;
  • the third element includes a fourth portion extending in the first direction; and
  • the first element, the second element and the third element are arranged in the order of the first element, the second element and the third element or in the order of the second element, the first element and the third element in a third direction which is different from the first direction and the second direction is different.

The structure of the present invention can provide a window glass for a vehicle equipped with an antenna capable of receiving electromagnetic waves in both the VHF band and the UHF band, although its structure is relatively simple.

character list

• 1 13 is a plan view showing a structure example of a windowpane for a vehicle comprises an antenna according to a first embodiment;
• 2 12 is a plan view showing a structural example of a windowpane for a vehicle having an antenna according to a second embodiment;
• 3 12 is a plan view showing a structural example of a windowpane for a vehicle having an antenna according to a third embodiment;
• 4 12 is a plan view showing a structural example of a windowpane for a vehicle having an antenna according to a fourth embodiment;
• 5 12 is a plan view showing a structural example of a windowpane for a vehicle having an antenna according to a fifth embodiment;
• 6 12 is a plan view showing a structural example of a window glass for a vehicle having an antenna according to a sixth embodiment;
• 7 12 is a plan view showing a configuration example of a windowpane-attached structure in which the windowpane for a vehicle having an antenna according to the third embodiment is attached to a window frame of a vehicle;
• 8th Fig. 14 is a graph showing an example of reflection characteristics of the antenna used in the third embodiment in the digital terrestrial broadcasting wave band, the DAB Band III band and the FM broadcasting wave band;
• 9 Fig. 14 is a graph showing an example of antenna reflection characteristics in the digital terrestrial broadcasting wave band obtained when the length of a branch element and the position of a branch point are changed; and
• 10 Fig. 12 is a graph showing an example of antenna reflection characteristics in the DAB Band III band obtained when the length of the branching element and the position of the branching point were changed.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. To facilitate understanding, the scale of each element shown in each drawing may differ from the actual scale. It is acceptable for the direction indicated by each of the phrases "parallel to," "perpendicular to," "cross perpendicular," "horizontal," "vertical," "up/down," "left/right," and the like is, has a deviation which does not impair the advantages of the respective embodiment. The shape of each corner portion is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be rounded like an arc. The terms "X-axis direction" and "Y-axis direction" represent directions parallel to the X-axis and Y-axis, respectively. The X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are perpendicular to each other. The term "XY plane" represents an imaginary plane that is parallel to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

Examples of the windowpane for a vehicle according to the embodiments include a rear (window)pane to be attached to a rear portion of a vehicle, a windshield to be attached to a front portion of a vehicle, and a side windowpane to be attached to a side portion of a vehicle vehicle is to be attached. However, the windowpane for a vehicle according to the embodiments is not limited to these examples.

the 1 12 is a plan view showing a structural example of a windowpane for a vehicle having an antenna according to a first embodiment. The window pane 101 in the 1 1 is an example of a windowpane for a vehicle, and is attached to a window frame 210 of a vehicle body. The window pane 101 is provided with a glass plate 10 and an antenna 20A. the 1 12 is a plan view viewed from the direction perpendicular to a surface of the glass plate 10 and shows a part of the window glass 101.

The window frame 210 is a conductive portion capable of grounding, also referred to as a rim or flange. The window frame 210 has frame sides 211 that form an opening that is closed by the window pane 101 . the 1 shows part of the window frame 210 and part of a frame side 211.

The glass panel 10 is an example of a glass panel for a vehicle, and is a transparent or semi-transparent plate-like dielectric. The glass panel 10 has an outer peripheral edge 12 attached to the window frame 210 . the 1 12 shows part of the outer peripheral edge 12. The glass panel 10 is attached to the window frame 210 such that the outer peripheral edge 12 overlaps with the window frame 210 when viewed from inside the vehicle.

The antenna 20</b>A, which is an example of an antenna used in the first embodiment, is provided on the glass plate 10 . The antenna 20A is configured to receive an electromagnetic wave in a first frequency band F ₁ , an electromagnetic wave in a second frequency band F ₂ lower than the first frequency band F ₁ , and an electromagnetic wave in a third frequency band F ₃ . which is lower than the second frequency band F ₂ can receive. The antenna 20A resonates at frequencies in the respective frequency bands F ₁ , F ₂ and F ₃ .

The shape of the antenna 20A is suitable for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves in the VHF band from 30MHz to 300MHz and in the UHF band from 300MHz to 3GHz. For example, the first frequency band F ₁ can be set to the digital terrestrial broadcasting wave band (470MHz to 710MHz) included in the UHF band, the second frequency band F ₂ can be set to the DAB Band III band (170MHz to 240MHz). MHz) included in the VHF band, and the third frequency band F ₃ can be set to the FM broadcast wave band (76 MHz to 108 MHz) included in the VHF band.

The antenna 20A has a feeding portion 21, a first element 30, a second element 40 and a third element 50. FIG.

The lead portion 21 is a lead electrode. The feeding portion 21 is disposed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge 12 of the glass panel 10 so as to be disposed in the vicinity of the one frame side 211 in a state where the window glass 101 is attached to the window frame 210 . The feeding portion 21 is electrically connected to an end of a feeding line (e.g., an end of a signal line of a coaxial cable) via a conductive member such as a connector. The other end of the feeder line is connected to, for example, a communication device such as a receiver. Although the shape of the feeding portion 21 is preferably a square, an approximate square shape, a rectangle, an approximate rectangular shape or a polygon in view of implementation, the shape of the feeding portion 21 is not limited thereto and may be another shape such as a circle, approximately a circular shape, an ellipse or approximately an elliptical shape.

The first member 30 is a line-shaped conductor extending from a first connection end 39 which is an end electrically connected to the feeding portion 21 to a first open end 35 which is an end opposite to the first connection end 39 . The first member 30 includes a first portion 31 extending in a first direction (in the positive Y-axis direction in this example) and a second portion 32 folded back from the first portion 31 at the end thereof and then dividing into extends in a second direction (in the negative Y-axis direction in this example) opposite to the first direction. The shape of the second portion 32 is not limited to the one shown in FIG 1 as shown, in which it is folded back from the end of the first section 31 and then extends in the second direction, and it may be folded back at a position halfway through the first section 31 and then extends in the second direction.

In the example given in the 1 As shown, the first section 31 is a linear member having a first end (first connection end 39) where it connects to the feed section 21 and a second end where it connects to the end of the second section 32 , and extends straight from the first end to the second end. On the other hand, the second portion 32 is a linear member having a third end where it is connected to the second end of the first portion 31 and a fourth end (first open end 35) opposite to the third end and extends from the third end to the fourth end such that it is bent at a position close to the third end.

In the example given in the 1 As shown, the second portion 32 includes a direction changing portion 32a extending from the first portion 31 in a direction different from the first direction (the positive Y-axis direction in this example) and an extending portion 32b extending in in the second direction (in the negative Y-axis direction in this example) from the direction changing portion 32a. The extension portion 32b extends parallel with the first portion 31 to the first open end 35.

Although in the example given in the 1 As shown, the second section 32 is folded to the side opposite the third panel 50 with respect to the first section 31, it may be folded to the same side as the third panel 50 with respect to the first section 31. In this case, the extension portion 32b of the second portion 32 is preferably located between the first portion 31 of the first member 30 and a third portion 43 of the second member 40.

The first member 30 may further include a portion extending in a direction different from the first direction and the second direction, and may further include, for example, a portion extending from a position at halfway or the end of the extension portion 32b extends.

The second member 40 is a linear conductor extending from a second connection end 49 which is an end electrically connected to the feeding portion 21 to a second open end 45 which is an end opposite to the second connection end 49 . The second member 40 includes the third portion 43 extending in the first direction (in the positive Y-axis direction in this example).

In the example given in the 1 As shown, the third section 43 is a linear member having a fifth end (second connection end 49) connected to the feed section 21 via a first connection member 61 and a sixth end (second open end 45) opposite the fifth end , and extends straight from the fifth end to the sixth end.

The second member 40 may further include a portion extending in a direction different from the first direction, and may further include a portion extending from a position halfway or the end of the third portion 43, for example.

The third member 50 is a linear conductor extending from a third connection end 59 which is an end electrically connected to the feeding section 21 to a third open end 55 which is an end opposite to the third connection end 59 . The third member 50 includes a fourth portion 54 extending in the first direction (in the positive Y-axis direction in this example).

In the example given in the 1 As shown, the fourth section 54 is a linear member having a seventh end (third connection end 59) connected to the delivery section 21 via the first connection member 61 and a second connection member 62, and an eighth end (third open end 55) opposite the seventh end and extends straight from the seventh end to the eighth end.

The third member 50 may further include a portion that extends in a direction different from the first direction, and may further include a portion that extends from a position at halfway or the end of the fourth portion 54, for example.

Like it in the 1 As shown, the first member 30, the second member 40, and the third member 50 are arranged in this order in a third direction (in the positive X-axis direction in this example) different from the first direction and the second direction. In the example given in the 1 As shown, the first portion 31, the third portion 43, and the fourth portion 54 are arranged in this order in the X-axis positive direction.

Since the antenna 20A is provided with the plurality of elements (the first element 30, the second element 40 and the third element 50) as described above, the antenna 20A can be easily tuned to operate in both the UHF band as well as in the VHF band. Since the first member 30 includes the first portion 31 extending in the first direction and the second portion 32 folded back from the first portion 31 and then extending in the second direction opposite to the first direction, the antenna 20A can be more easily tuned to resonate in both the UHF band and the VHF band. Furthermore, since the first element 30, the second element 40 and the third element 50 are electrically connected to the single feeder section 21, the antenna 20A can receive electromagnetic waves in both the UHF band and the VHF band, although it has a relatively has a simple structure.

In the case where the third direction (in this example, the positive X-axis direction) is set to be approximately perpendicular to the first direction (in this example, the positive Y-axis direction), the antenna 20A can be tuned more easily becomes that it resonates in both the UHF band and the VHF band than in the case where the third direction is not perpendicular to the first direction.

In the case where the first direction and the second direction are approximately parallel to the direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to the horizontal plane when the glass panel 10 is attached to the window frame 210 of a vehicle, the reception sensitivity (antenna gain ) of the vertically polarized wave antenna 20A is increased. This is because the direction in which the first section 31, the extension section 32b of the second section 32, the third section 43 and the fourth section 54 extend can be approximated to the vertical direction.

On the other hand, in the case where the first direction and the second direction become approximately parallel to the direction (horizontal direction) parallel to the horizontal plane when the glass panel 10 is attached to the window frame 210 of a vehicle, the receiving sensitivity (antenna gain) of the horizontally polarized wave antenna 20A increases. This is because the direction in which the first section 31, the extension section 32b of the second section 32, the third section 43 and the fourth section 54 extend can be approximated to the horizontal direction.

Hereinafter, the length of a path extending from the feed section 21 to the first open end 35 via the first section 31 and the second section 32 is represented by L ₁ , the length of a path extending from the feed section 21 to the second open end 45 extending across the third portion 43 is represented by L ₂ and the length of a path extending from the feed portion 21 to the third open end 55 across the fourth portion 54 is represented by L ₃ .

In the case where the path length L ₁ is shorter than the path length L ₃ , a resonance frequency of the antenna 20A in the third frequency band F ₃ in the VHF band can be more easily tuned by adjusting the path length L ₃ and a resonance frequency of the antenna 20A in the first frequency band F ₁ in the UHF band can be tuned more easily by adjusting the path length L ₁ . Further, in the case where the path length L ₂ is shorter than the path length L ₃ , a resonance frequency of the antenna 20A in the third frequency band F ₃ in the VHF band can be more easily tuned by adjusting the path length L ₃ and a resonance frequency of the antenna 20A in the second frequency band F ₂ in the VHF band can be more easily tuned by adjusting the path length L ₂ .

In the example given in the 1 As shown, the antenna 20A has both the first connector 61 and the second connector 62 . In this example, the first connector 61 is a linear member that electrically connects the second connector end 49 of the second member 40 to the feed section 21, and the second connector 62 is a linear member that connects the third connector end 59 of the third member 50 to the feed section 21 electrically connects. The second connecting element 62 can be an element which connects the third element 50 to the second element 40, and as is shown in FIG 1 As shown, it can connect the third connection end 59 of the third element 50 to the second connection end 49 of the second element 40 . In this example, the third connection end 59 is electrically connected to the feeding portion 21 via the second connection member 62 and the first connection member 61 .

In the case where at least one of the first connecting member 61 and the second connecting member 62 has a portion extending in the third direction (in this example, the positive X-axis direction), certain distances between the first portion 31, the third Section 43 and the fourth section 54 are ensured. Consequently, a phenomenon that the tuning of the respective resonance frequencies by the first element 30, the second element 40 and the third element 50 interfere with each other can be suppressed. In the example given in the 1 As shown, the first connecting element 61 extends in the third direction from the feed section 21 to the second connecting end 49 and the second connecting element 62 extends in the third direction from the second connecting end 49 to the third connecting end 59.

In the case where the distance W ₁ between the fourth section 54 and one of the first section 31, the second section 32 and the third section 43 which is closest to the fourth section 54 is 5 mm or longer and 200 mm or is shorter, the antenna gain of the antenna 20A is increased in the third frequency band F ₃ (eg, the FM broadcasting wave band). In the example given in the 1 shown, the distance W ₁ is the shortest distance between the third section 43 and the fourth section 54.

In the case where the distance W ₁ is shorter than 5 mm, the capacitive coupling between the fourth section 54 and the section closest to the fourth section 54 is so strong that the antenna gain of the antenna 20A in the third frequency band F ₃ tends to decrease. On the other hand, in the case where the distance W ₁ is longer than 200mm, it is difficult to downsize the antenna 20A. In view of increasing the antenna gain of the antenna 20A in the third frequency band F ₃ , the distance W ₁ is preferably 10 mm or longer, more preferably 15 mm or longer, and still more preferably 20 mm or longer. In order to downsize the antenna 20A, the distance W ₁ is preferably 150 mm or shorter, more preferably 100 mm or shorter, and still more preferably 50 mm or shorter.

In the case where the distance W ₂ between the first portion 31 and the extension portion 32b extending in the second direction (in this example, the negative Y-axis direction) of the second portion 32 is 1 mm or longer and 30 mm or is shorter, the antenna gain of the antenna 20A becomes in the first frequency band F ₁ (eg, the digital terrestrial broadcast waveband).

In the case where the distance W ₂ is shorter than 1 mm, it is difficult to form the first member 30. In the case where the distance W ₂ is longer than 30 mm, the antenna gain of the antenna 20A tends to decrease in the first frequency band F ₁ . To facilitate formation of the first member 30, the distance W ₂ is preferably 2 mm or longer, and more preferably 3 mm or longer. From the viewpoint of ensuring antenna gain in the first frequency band F ₁ , the distance W ₂ is preferably 25 mm or shorter, more preferably 20 mm or shorter, still more preferably 15 mm or shorter, and particularly preferably 10 mm or shorter.

Let D ₁ , λ ₂ and k represent the length of the first portion 31, the wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band F ₂ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 10, respectively. In the example given in the 1 is shown, the length D ₁ is the length of a path from the first end (first connection end 39) at which the first section 31 is connected to the feed section 21, to the second end at which the first section 31 is connected to the end of the second section 32 is connected. In the case where D ₁ satisfies the following formula 1a, a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ can be easily tuned. $$0.10\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}\le {\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="D" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\le 0.24\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}$$

This is because in the case where D ₁ is adjusted in a range so that Formula 1a is satisfied, resonance frequency variation in the second frequency band F ₂ is small while resonance frequency variation in the first frequency band F ₁ is large .

$$\mathrm{0,12}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}\le {\text{D}}_1\le \mathrm{0,22}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}$$

In order to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ , D ₁ preferably satisfies the following formula 1b, and more preferably satisfies the following formula 1c. $$0.11\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}\le {\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="D" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\le 0.23\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}$$

$$0.12\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}\le {\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="D" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\le 0.22\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}$$

$$\mathrm{0,14}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{D}}_1\le \mathrm{0,19}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

Let λ _2C represent the center wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band F ₂ . Further, in order to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ , D ₁ preferably satisfies the following formula 1d, and more preferably satisfies the following formula 1e. $$0.13\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="D" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\le 0.20\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

$$0.14\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="D" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\le 0.19\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

The center wavelength means a wavelength of electromagnetic waves having a center frequency of a frequency band.

L ₁ , λ ₁ and k are intended to be the length of a path from the feeding section 21 to the first open end 35 via the first section 31 and the second section 32, the wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the first frequency band F ₁ and , represent the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 10 . In the case where L ₁ satisfies the following formula 2a, a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ can be easily tuned. $$0.48\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="L" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\le 0.99\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}$$

This is because in the case where L ₁ is set in a range so that Formula 2a is satisfied, resonance frequency variation in the second frequency band F ₂ is small while resonance frequency variation in the first frequency band F ₁ is large .

$$\mathrm{0,50}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_1\le \mathrm{0,99}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}$$

In order to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ , L ₁ preferably satisfies the following formula 2b, and more preferably satisfies the following formula 2c. $$0.49\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="L" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\le 0.99\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}$$

$$0.50\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="L" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\le 0.99\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}$$

$$\mathrm{0,64}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_1\le \mathrm{0,82}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

Let λ _1C represent the center wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the first frequency band F ₁ . Further, in order to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ , L ₁ preferably satisfies the following formula 2d, and more preferably satisfies the following formula 2e. $$0.63\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="L" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\le 0.83\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

$$0.64\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="L" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">L</figure-callout>}}_1\le 0.82\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

Let L ₂ , λ ₂ and k be the length of a path from the feeding section 21 to the second open end 45 via the third section 43, the wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band F ₂ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate, respectively 10 represent. In the case where L ₂ satisfies the following Formula 3a, a resonance frequency in the second frequency band F ₂ can be easily tuned. $$0.17\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_2\le 0.42\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}$$

This is because in the case where L ₂ is adjusted in a range so that Formula 3a is satisfied, resonance frequency variation in the third frequency band F ₃ is small while resonance frequency variation in the second frequency band F ₂ is large .

$$\mathrm{0,19}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_2\le \mathrm{0,40}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}$$

In order to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the second frequency band F ₂ , the path length L ₂ preferably satisfies the following formula 3b, and more preferably satisfies the following formula 3c. $$0.18\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_2\le 0.41\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}$$

$$0.19\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_2\le 0.40\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}$$

$$\mathrm{0,22}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_2\le \mathrm{0,35}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

Let λ _2C represent the center wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band F ₂ . Further, in order to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the second frequency band F ₂ , L ₂ preferably satisfies the following formula 3d, and more preferably satisfies the following formula 3e. $$0.21\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_2\le 0.36\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

$$0.22\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_2\le 0.35\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{2\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

$${\text{D}}_1\times \mathrm{1,1}<{\text{L}}_2$$

$${\text{D}}_1\times \mathrm{1,2}<{\text{L}}_2$$

Further, comparing the length D ₁ of the first section 31 and the path length L ₂ from the feed section 21 to the second open end 45 via the third section 43 to facilitate tuning of resonant frequencies in the first frequency band F ₁ and the second frequency band F ₂ D ₁ and L ₂ preferably satisfy the following formula 3f, more preferably satisfy the following formula 3g, and particularly preferably satisfy the following formula 3h. $${\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="D" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">D</figure-callout>}}_1<{\text{L}}_2$$

$${\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="D" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\times 1.1<{\text{L}}_2$$

$${\text{<figure-callout id="1" label="D" filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png" state="{{state}}">D</figure-callout>}}_1\times 1.2<{\text{L}}_2$$

Tuning a resonance frequency in the third frequency band F ₃ can be made easier in the case where the path from the feeding portion 21 to the third open end 55 via the fourth portion 54 is L-shaped. For this purpose it is sufficient that the path can be L-shaped; for example, a tip portion of the third member 50 may be curved.

Let L ₃ , λ ₃ and k be the length of a path from the feeding section 21 to the third open end 55 via the fourth section 54, the wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the third frequency band F ₃ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate, respectively 10 represent. In the case where L ₃ satisfies the following Formula 4a, a resonance frequency in the third frequency band F ₃ can be easily tuned. $$0.19\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_3\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_3\le 0.44\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_3\times \text{k}$$

This is because in the case where L ₃ is set in a range so that Formula 4a is satisfied, resonance frequency variation in the second frequency band F ₂ is small while resonance frequency variation in the third frequency band F ₃ is large .

$$\mathrm{0,23}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_3\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_3\le \mathrm{0,41}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_3\times \text{k}$$

In order to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the third frequency band F ₃ , the path length L ₃ preferably satisfies the following formula 4b, and more preferably satisfies the following formula 4c. $$0.21\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_3\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_3\le 0.43\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_3\times \text{k}$$

$$0.23\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_3\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_3\le 0.41\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_3\times \text{k}$$

$$\mathrm{0,25}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{3\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_3\le \mathrm{0,35}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{3\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

Let λ _3C represent the center wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the third frequency band F ₃ . In order to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the third frequency band F ₃ , L ₃ more preferably satisfies the following formula 4d, and most preferably satisfies the following formula 4e. $$0.23\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{3\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_3\le 0.37\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{3\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

$$0.25\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{3\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_3\le 0.35\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{3\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

the 2 12 is a plan view showing a configuration example of a windowpane 102 for a vehicle having an antenna according to a second embodiment. Structures employed in the second embodiment and having the same structures as in the first embodiment will not be described to avoid redundant description. The window pane 102 in the 2 shown is provided with an antenna 20B. While the antenna 20B has a similar structure to the antenna 20A employed in the first embodiment, the antenna 20B employed in the second embodiment provides the same advantages as the advantages of the antenna 20A described above. The antenna 20B employed in the second embodiment differs from the antenna 20A employed in the first embodiment in the order of arrangement of the first element 30, the second element 40 and the third element 50 in the third direction .

Like it in the 2 As shown, the first element 30, the second element 40 and the third element 50 are in the order of the second element 40, the first element 30 and the third element 50 in the third direction (in the positive X-axis direction in this example) arranged. In the example given in the 2 1, the first portion 31, the third portion 43, and the fourth portion 54 are arranged in the order of the third portion 43, the first portion 31, and the fourth portion 54 in the X-axis positive direction.

In the example given in the 2 As shown, the antenna 20B has both the first connector 61 and the second connector 62 . In the example shown, the first connection element 61 is a linear element which electrically connects the first connection end 39 of the first element 30 to the feed section 21, and the second connection element 62 is a linear element which connects the third connection end 59 of the third element 50 to the Feed section 21 electrically connects. The second connection element 62 may be an element which connects the third element 50 to the first element 30, and as shown in FIG 2 as shown, connect the third connection end 59 of the third member 50 to the first connection end 39 of the first member 30 . In this example, the third connection end 59 is electrically connected to the feeding portion 21 via the second connection member 62 and the first connection member 61 .

In the example given in the 2 is shown, the first connecting element 61 extends in the third direction from the feed section 21 to the first connecting end 39, and the second connecting element 62 extends in the third direction from the first connecting end 39 to the third connecting end 59. In the example that in the 2 shown, the distance W ₁ is the shortest distance between the first section 31 and the fourth section 54.

the 3 12 is a plan view showing a structural example of a windowpane 103 for a vehicle having an antenna according to a third embodiment. Structures employed in the third embodiment that have the same structures as the above-described embodiments will not be described to avoid redundant description. The window pane 103 in the 3 shown is provided with an antenna 20C. While the antenna 20C has a similar structure to the antenna 20A employed in the first embodiment, the antenna 20C employed in the third embodiment provides the same advantages as the advantages of the antenna 20A described above. The antenna 20C used in the third embodiment differs from the antenna 20A used in the first embodiment in that it has a branching element 70 .

Like it in the 3 As shown, branching element 70 is a linear conductor that branches from fourth portion 54 of third element 50 at branch point 76 and has an open end 75 at an end opposite branch point 76 . Because it has the branching element 70, the antenna 20C can be more easily tuned to resonate in both the UHF band and the VHF band. In the example given in the 3 As shown, the branching member 70 includes a portion 77 extending in the third direction (in the positive X-axis direction in this example). For example, branch element 70 is a linear element that extends straight in the third direction from branch point 76 to open end 75 .

L _S , λ ₁ and k shall represent the length of the branching element 70, the wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the first frequency band F ₁ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 10, respectively. In the example given in the 3 As shown, the length L _S is the length of a path from the branch point 76 to the open end 75. In the case where L _S satisfies the following Formula 5a, a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ can be easily tuned. $$0.11\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{S}}\le 0.50\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}$$

This is because, in the case where L _S is adjusted in a range so that Formula 5a is satisfied, resonance frequency variation in the second frequency band F ₂ is small while resonance frequency variation in the first frequency band F ₁ is large .

$$\mathrm{0,11}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{S}}\le \mathrm{0,48}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}$$

In order to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ , L _S preferably satisfies the following Formula 5b, and more preferably satisfies the following Formula 5c. $$0.11\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{S}}\le 0.49\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}$$

$$0.11\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{S}}\le 0.48\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}$$

$$\mathrm{0,14}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{S}}\le \mathrm{0,41}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

Let λ _1C represent the center wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the first frequency band F ₁ . Furthermore, to facilitate tuning of a resonant frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ , L _S preferably satisfies the following formula 5d and more preferably satisfies the following formula 5e. $$0.14\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{S}}\le 0.42\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

$$0.14\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{S}}\le 0.41\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

Let L _C , λ ₁ and k represent the length of a path from the feeding section 21 to the branching point 76, the wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the first frequency band F ₁ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 10, respectively. In the example given in the 3 As shown, the length Lc is the length of a path from the feeding section 21 to the branch point 76 via the third connection end 59. In the case where Lc satisfies the following Formula 6a, a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ can be easily tuned . $$0.11\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{C}}\le 0.50\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}$$

This is because in the case where LC is set in a range so that Formula 6a is satisfied, resonance frequency variation in the second frequency band _{F 2} is small while resonance frequency variation in the first frequency band F ₁ is large .

$$\mathrm{0,11}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{C}}\le \mathrm{0,48}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}$$

In order to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ , L _C preferably satisfies the following Formula 6b, and more preferably satisfies the following Formula 6c. $$0.11\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{C}}\le 0.49\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}$$

$$0.11\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{C}}\le 0.48\times {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="\lambda "\; filenames="DE102022101003A1\_0050.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\lambda </figure-callout>}}_1\times \text{k}$$

$$\mathrm{0,14}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{C}}\le \mathrm{0,41}\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

Let λ _1C represent the center wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the first frequency band F ₁ . Further, to facilitate tuning of a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ , L _C preferably satisfies the following Formula 6d, and more preferably satisfies the following Formula 6e. $$0.14\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{C}}\le 0.42\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

$$0.14\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{C}}\le 0.41\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_{1\text{C}}\times \text{k}$$

In the case where the branch point 76 of the branch element 70 is located at a position so that the formulas 5a and 6a are satisfied, the branch element 70 acts as a “λ/4 tuning stub line” attached in the vicinity of the position , which is away from the feeding section 21 by k × (λ ₁ /4). Since the branching element 70 acts as a "λ/4 tuning stub", generation of a higher-order resonance frequency generated by the third element 50 can be suppressed in the third frequency band F ₃ , thereby making a resonance frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ easier can be matched.

the 4 12 is a plan view showing a configuration example of a windowpane 104 for a vehicle having an antenna according to a fourth embodiment. Structures employed in the fourth embodiment that have the same structures as the above-described embodiments will not be described to avoid redundant description. The window pane 104 in the 4 shown is equipped with an antenna 20D. While the antenna 20D has a similar structure to the antenna 20A employed in the first embodiment, the antenna 20D employed in the fourth embodiment provides the same advantages as the advantages of the antenna 20A described above. The antenna 20D used in the fourth embodiment differs from the antenna 20A used in the first embodiment in that it has a branching element 80 .

Like it in the 4 As shown, branching element 80 is a linear conductor that branches from second connecting element 62 at branch point 86 and has an open end 85 at an end opposite branch point 86 . By having the branching element 80, the antenna 20D can be more easily tuned to resonate in both the UHF band and the VHF band. In the example given in the 4 As shown, the branching member 80 includes a portion 87 extending in the third direction (in the positive X-axis direction in this example). For example, branching element 80 is a curved, ie, L-shaped, linear element that extends from branching point 86 to open end 85 via portions 88 and 87 .

L _s , λ ₁ and k shall represent the length of the branching element 80, the wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the first frequency band F ₁ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 10, respectively. In the example given in the 4 is shown, the length L _S is the length of a path from the branching point 86 to the open end 85. As in the third embodiment, a resonant frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ in the case where L _S is the formula 5a, preferably the Formula 5b, more preferably formula 5c, even more preferably formula 5d and particularly preferably formula 5e mentioned above can easily be matched.

Let L _C , λ ₁ and k represent the length of a path from the feeding section 21 to the branching point 86, the wavelength, in air, of electromagnetic waves in the first frequency band F ₁ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate 10, respectively. In the example given in the 4 1, the length Lc is the length of a path from the feeding section 21 to the branching point 86 via the second connection end 49. As in the third embodiment, a resonant frequency in the first frequency band F ₁ in the case where Lc satisfies the formula 6a, preferably satisfies the formula 6b, more preferably the formula 6c, even more preferably the formula 6d, and particularly preferably the formula 6e mentioned above.

As in the third embodiment, the branching element 80 can act as a "λ/4 tuning stub". In the case where the branching element 80 has a portion capacitively coupled to the edge (window frame 210), its function as the λ/4 tuning stub is enhanced and the antenna gain can be increased. In the example given in the 4 As shown, portion 87 is preferably capacitively coupled to the edge. For this purpose, it is sufficient that the capacitive coupling distance between the branching element 80 and the edge can be 150 mm or shorter; and the capacitive coupling distance is preferably 100 mm or shorter, and more preferably 50 mm or shorter. The lower limit of the capacitive coupling distance can be longer than 0mm.

the 5 12 is a plan view showing a structural example of a windowpane 105 for a vehicle having an antenna according to a fifth embodiment. Structures employed in the fifth embodiment that have the same structures as the above-described embodiments will not be described to avoid redundant description. The window pane 105 in the 5 shown is equipped with an antenna 20E. While the antenna 20E has a similar structure to the antenna 20A employed in the first embodiment, the antenna 20E employed in the fifth embodiment provides the same advantages as the advantages of the antenna 20A described above. The antenna 20E employed in the fifth embodiment differs from the antenna 20A employed in the first embodiment in that it does not have the second connector 62 although it is provided with the first connector 61. FIG.

Like it in the 5 As shown, the first connection member 61 is a linear member that electrically connects the first connection end 39 of the first member 30 to the feed portion 21 . The first connecting member 61 may be a member that connects the first member 30 to the second member 40 .

the 6 12 is a plan view showing a structural example of a windowpane 106 for a vehicle having an antenna according to a sixth embodiment. Structures employed in the sixth embodiment that have the same structures as the above-described embodiments will not be described to avoid redundant description. The window pane 106 in the 6 shown is equipped with an antenna 20F. While the antenna 20F has a similar structure to the antenna 20A employed in the first embodiment, the antenna 20F employed in the sixth embodiment provides the same advantages as the advantages of the antenna 20A described above. The antenna 20F employed in the sixth embodiment differs from the antenna 20A employed in the first embodiment in that it does not have the first connector 61 although it is provided with the second connector 62. FIG.

Like it in the 6 As shown, the second connection member 62 is a linear member that electrically connects the third connection end 59 of the third member 50 to the feed portion 21 . The second connection element 62 can be an element that connects the third element 50 to the second element 40 .

the 7 14 is a plan view showing a configuration example of a windowpane-attached structure in which the windowpane 103 for a vehicle having an antenna according to the third embodiment is attached to a window frame of a vehicle. Although the 7 includes the antenna 20C employed in the third embodiment, the description given below with respect to FIG 7 is applicable to the antennas employed in the other embodiments described above. the 7 12 is a view obtained when the window glass 103 attached to the window frame 210 of a vehicle body 200 is viewed from inside the vehicle.

The windowpane for a vehicle according to this embodiment is suitably applied to a windowpane (eg, a side windowpane) installed approximately parallel to the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal one is plane, particularly because the reception sensitivity (antenna gain) for vertically polarized waves and that for horizontally polarized waves are both increased. the 7 shows the case where the window glass 103 is applied to a side window glass. The glass panel 10 is an example of a glass panel for a side window glass.

The window frame 210 has frame sides 211a, 211b, 211c and 211d such that they form an opening closed by the glass panel 10. As shown in FIG. The glass panel 10 has the outer peripheral edge 12 which includes the glass edges 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d. The glass edges 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d are attached to the respective frame sides 211a, 211b, 211c and 211d. Although the glass edges 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d are hidden behind the vehicle body 200 or the window frame 210 when the windowpane 103 attached to the window frame 210 is viewed from inside the vehicle, they are included for convenience in FIG 7 drawn by a solid line.

Window frame 210 includes a corner portion 13 located between frame sides 211a and 211c. In the case where the feeding portion 21 is arranged in a proximate area 14 which is close to the corner portion 13 when the glass panel 10 is attached to the window frame 210, the members extending from the feeding portion 21 come at least one of the frame sides 211a and 211c. As a result, the elements extending from the feeding portion 21 are capacitively coupled to at least one of the frame sides 211a and 211c, thereby increasing the receiving sensitivity (the antenna gain of the antenna 20C) for vertically polarized waves or horizontally polarized waves. The distance range in which each of the elements extends from the feeding portion 21 capacitively coupled to the frame side 211a or 211c is larger than 0 mm and 150 mm or smaller. This distance range is preferably greater than 0 mm and 100 mm or smaller, more preferably greater than 0 mm and 50 mm or smaller.

For example, in the case where the Y-axis direction is in the 7 is approximately parallel to the vertical direction, the near area 14 is an area close to the corner portion 13 located at a lower left position of the glass panel 10 . The first member 30, which extends approximately parallel to the vertical direction, is close to the frame side 211c, which is approximately parallel to the vertical direction. As a result, the reception sensitivity for horizontally polarized waves in the first frequency band F ₁ (eg, digital terrestrial broadcasting waves as horizontally polarized waves) is increased. On the other hand, the second member 40 and the third member 50, which extend approximately parallel to the vertical direction, are farther from the frame side 211c than the first member 30 is. As a result, the reception sensitivity for vertically polarized waves in the second frequency band F ₂ (eg, DAB Band III broadcast waves as vertically polarized waves) is increased.

The outer periphery of the proximate area 14 includes the corner portion 13, a portion connected to the corner portion 13, the frame side 211a, a portion connected to the corner portion 13, the frame side 211c, an imaginary side 14b corresponding to the portion of the Frame side 211a opposite, and an imaginary side 14d opposite to the portion of frame side 211c. The frame side 211a is an example of a first side of the window frame to which the glass panel is attached, and the frame side 211c is an example of a second side of the window frame to which the glass panel is attached.

S and S _R shall be the area of the opening formed by the frame sides 211 (in Fig 7 the area within the solid line indicating the frame sides 211) is closed and the area of the near area 14, respectively. The area S _R preferably satisfies the following formula 7a. $$\left(1/100\right)\times \text{S}\le {\text{S}}_{\text{R}}\le \left(1/9\right)\times \text{S}$$

While in the 7 the near area 14 is close to the lower left corner portion 13 of the window frame 210, the concept of this embodiment is also applicable to near areas that are close to respective other corner portions of the window frame 210.

the 8th 12 is a graph showing an example of frequency characteristics of the reflection coefficient S11 of the antenna 20C used in the third embodiment (see FIGS 3 ) is used in the digital terrestrial broadcasting wave band, the DAB Band III band and the FM broadcasting wave band. The frequency characteristics of the reflection coefficient S11 given in the 8th 12 are measurement results obtained using an actual vehicle in which the window glass 103 equipped with the antenna 20C was applied to the side window glass shown in FIG 7 is shown. The side window glass was installed so that its surfaces were approximately parallel to the vertical direction, which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

In the 8th the line labeled "FM" is a result of using an antenna made by removing the first element 30, the second element 40, and the junction element 70 from the antenna 20C (see Fig 3 ) has been obtained. The line denoted by "DAB + DTV" is a result of using an antenna made by removing the third element 50 and the branching element 70 from the antenna 20C (see Figs 3 ) has been obtained. The line denoted by "FM + DAB + DTV" is a result of using the antenna 20C itself (see Fig 3 ). Like it in the 8th is shown, the result obtained when the antenna 20C (cf. Figs 3 ) is used, such that resonance occurred in the three frequency bands, ie, the digital terrestrial broadcasting wave band, the DAB Band III band, and the FM broadcasting wave band.

• W₁: 30 mm
• W₂: 5 mm
• D₁: 160 mm
• L₁: 260 mm
• L₂: 270 mm
• L₃: 605 mm
• L_S: 60 mm
• L_C: 60 mm

The conditions, such as dimensions of respective sections (cf. the 3 ), where the measurements of 8th have been carried out were as follows.

• W ₁ : 30mm
• W ₂ : 5mm
• D ₁ : 160mm
• L1 : _260mm
• L2 : _270mm
• L3 : _605mm
• L _S : 60mm
• L _C : 60mm

In this case, λ _1C was about 508 mm, λ _2C was about 1448 mm, λ _3C was about 3259 mm, and k was about 0.67. Therefore, D ₁ was approximately equal to 0.165 × k × λ _2C , L ₁ was approximately equal to 0.764 × k × λ _1C , L ₂ was approximately equal to 0.278 × k × λ _2C , L ₃ was approximately equal to 0.277 × k × λ _3C , L _S was about 0.176 × k × λ _1C and L _C was about 0.176 × k × λ _1C .

the 9 13 is a graph showing an example of frequency characteristics of the reflection coefficient S11 of an antenna in the digital terrestrial broadcasting wave band, obtained when the length of the branching element 70 and the position of the branching point 76 were changed. the 10 13 is a graph showing an example of frequency characteristics of the reflection coefficient S11 of the antenna in the DAB Band III band obtained when the length of the branching element 70 and the position of the branching point 76 were changed. For easier understanding of the effects of the branching element 70, an antenna (hereinafter referred to as “antenna A”) obtained by removing the first element 30 and the second element 40 from the antenna 20C (see Figs 3 ) has been obtained for the measurements of 9 and 10 used. The frequency characteristics of the reflection coefficient S11 given in the 9 and 10 are measurement results obtained by using an actual vehicle in which the window glass is equipped with the antenna A on the side window glass shown in FIG 7 was applied and varying L _S and L _C from 50 mm to 230 mm while keeping them identical were obtained.

How it from the 9 As can be seen, resonance occurred in the digital terrestrial broadcasting wave band when L _S and L _C were 50 mm (corresponding to the lower limit "0.11 × λ ₁ × k" in Formulas 5a and 6a) or longer. On the other hand, as it was from the 10 As can be seen, resonance in the DAB Band III band was suppressed when _LS and _LC were 140 mm (corresponding to the upper limit "0.50 × λ ₁ × k" in Formulas 5a and 6a) or shorter. That is, when L _S and L _C were set in a range such that Formulas 5a and 6a were satisfied, the resonance frequency variation was small in the DAB Band III band, whereas the resonance frequency variation was large in the digital terrestrial broadcasting wave band. Therefore, it was found that a resonance frequency in the digital terrestrial broadcasting wave band can be easily adjusted by adjusting Ls and Lc in a range so that the formulas 5a and 6a are satisfied.

Although embodiments have been described above, the technique of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Various modifications and improvements are possible, such as combining or replacing all or part of each of other embodiments.

For example, the "end" of an element can be either a starting point or an ending point of the element's extent, or a starting point or ending point of a conductor in the vicinity of the starting point or the ending point. A bend or a fold may be formed at the "end" of an element in an area that does not detract from the advantages of the present invention. Furthermore, a connection portion of members may have a curvature.

For example, the antenna elements and the electrode(s) are formed by printing a paste containing a conductive metal (eg, a silver paste) on the surface, on the vehicle interior side, of a window glass and firing them. The method of forming the antenna elements and the electrode(s) is but not limited to this method. For example, the antenna elements and the electrode(s) can be formed by forming a line-shaped body or a sheet-shaped body containing a conductive material such as copper on the surface, on the vehicle inside or outside side, of a window glass. As a further alternative, the antenna elements and the electrode(s) may be adhered to a window glass by an adhesive or the like, or formed within a window glass itself.

Further, at least one of the antenna elements and the electrode(s) can be obtained by forming conductive layers serving as the antenna elements and/or the electrode(s) inside or on a surface of a synthetic resin sheet and laminating the synthetic resin sheet containing the conductive layers on the surface, on the vehicle interior or exterior side, of a window glass. Further, a flexible circuit board formed with at least one of the antenna element and the electrode(s) may be applied to the surface, on the vehicle interior or exterior side, of a window glass.

Like it in the 7 1, the glass plate 10 may be formed with a light-shielding film 11 along its outer peripheral edge 12 such that all or part of the antenna elements and the electrode(s) are covered with the light-shielding film 11. A specific example of the light-shielding film 11 includes a film formed of ceramics such as black ceramics. In this case, when the window glass is viewed from the outside of the vehicle, the portions covered with the light-shielding film, the antenna elements and the electrode(s) tend not to be visible, which means better design ability of the window glass.

This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-009095 , filed on Jan. 22, 2021 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-182103 , filed November 8, 2021, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Reference List

10:

glass plate

11:

light-shielding film

12:

outer perimeter edge

12a, 12b, 12c, 12d:

glass edge

13:

corner section

14:

near area

14b, 14d:

imaginary side

20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, 20F:

antenna

21:

feeding section

30:

First item

31:

first section

32:

second part

32a:

change of direction section

32b:

extension section

35:

First open end

39:

First end of connection

40:

second item

43:

Third section

45:

Second open end

49:

Second connection end

50:

third item

54:

fourth section

55:

Third open end

59:

Third connection end

61:

First fastener

62:

Second connector

70:

branch element

75:

Open end

76:

branch point

80:

branch element

85:

Open end

86:

branch point

101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106:

windowpane

200:

vehicle body

210:

window frames

211, 211a, 211b, 211c, 211d:

frame side

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• JP 2015142162 A [0003]
• JP 2021009095 [0103]
• JP2021182103 [0103]

Claims (25)

Window pane for a vehicle, comprising: a glass plate; and an antenna formed on the glass plate and an electromagnetic wave in a first frequency band, an electromagnetic wave in a second frequency band lower than the first frequency band, and an electromagnetic wave in a third frequency band lower than the second frequency band , receives, where: the first frequency band is included in a UHF band; the second frequency band and the third frequency band are included in a VHF band; the antenna includes: a feeding section; a first member extending from a first connection end electrically connected to the feed section to a first open end opposite to the first connection end; a second member extending from a second connection end electrically connected to the feed section to a second open end opposite to the second connection end; and a third member extending from a third connection end electrically connected to the feeding section to a third open end opposite to the third connection end; the first panel comprises a first portion extending in a first direction and a second portion folded back from the first portion and then extending in a second direction opposite to the first direction; the second member includes a third portion extending in the first direction; the third element includes a fourth portion extending in the first direction; and the first element, the second element and the third element are arranged in the order of the first element, the second element and the third element or in the order of the second element, the first element and the third element in a third direction which is different from the first direction and the second direction is different. window pane for a vehicle claim 1 , wherein the antenna comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of a first connection element and a second connection element, the first connection element electrically connects the first element or the second element to the feed section, and the second connection element electrically connects the third element to electrically connects to the feeding section. window pane for a vehicle claim 2 , wherein at least one of the first connection member and the second connection member includes a portion extending in the third direction. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 3 wherein the antenna has a distance between the fourth section and one of the first section, the second section and the third section that is 5 mm or longer and 200 mm or shorter, which is closest to the fourth section. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 4 wherein the antenna has a distance between the first portion and the extension portion extending in the second direction of the second portion that is 1 mm or longer and 30 mm or shorter. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 5 , wherein the antenna satisfies the following formula 1a when D ₁ , λ ₂ and k represent a length of the first portion, a wavelength, in the air, the electromagnetic wave in the second frequency band, and a wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate, respectively: $$0.10\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}\le {\text{D}}_1\le 0.24\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}$$

Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 6 , wherein the antenna satisfies the following formula 2a when L ₁ , λ ₁ and k are a length of a path from the feeding section to the first open end via the first section and the second section, a wavelength, in the air, of the electromagnetic wave in represent the first frequency band or a wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate: $$0.48\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_1\le 0.99\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}$$

Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 7 , wherein the antenna satisfies the following formula 3f when D ₁ and L ₂ represent a length of the first section and a length of a path from the feeding section to the second open end via the third section, respectively: $${\text{D}}_1<{\text{L}}_2$$

Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 8th , where the antenna satisfies the following formula 3a when L ₂ , λ ₂ and k a length of a path from the feeding section to the second open end via the third section, a wavelength in the air, the electromagnetic wave in the second frequency band, and a wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate, respectively: $$0.17\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_2\le 0.42\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_2\times \text{k}$$

Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 9 wherein a path from the feed section to the third open end via the fourth section is L-shaped. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 10 , wherein the antenna satisfies the following formula 4a when L ₃ , λ ₃ and k are a length of a path from the feeding section to the third open end via the fourth section, a wavelength, in the air, the electromagnetic wave in the third frequency band and .represent a wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate: $$0.19\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_3\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_3\le 0.44\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_3\times \text{k}$$

Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 11 wherein the antenna further comprises a branching element branching from the third element at a branching point and having an open end. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 11 , the antenna further comprising: a second connector electrically connecting the third member to the feeding portion; and a branching member branching from the second connecting member at a branching point and having an open end. window pane for a vehicle claim 12 or 13 , wherein the branching element has a portion that extends in the third direction. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 12 until 14 , wherein the antenna satisfies the following Formula 5a when Ls, λ ₁ and k represent a length of the branching element, a wavelength in the air, the electromagnetic wave in the first frequency band, and a wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate, respectively: $$0.11\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{S}}\le 0.50\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}$$

Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 12 until 15 , wherein the antenna satisfies the following formula 6a when L _C , λ ₁ and k represent a length of a path from the feeding section to the branching point, a wavelength, in the air, the electromagnetic wave in the first frequency band, and a wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate, respectively : $$0.11\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}\le {\text{L}}_{\text{C}}\le 0.50\times {\mathrm{\lambda }}_1\times \text{k}$$

Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 16 , the third direction being approximately perpendicular to the first direction. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 17 wherein the feeding portion is located near a corner portion of a window frame to which the glass panel is to be attached. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 18 , wherein the glass plate is for a side window glass. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 19 , wherein the first element, the second element and the third element are arranged in the order of the first element, the second element and the third element in the third direction. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 20 wherein: the first frequency band is a digital terrestrial broadcasting waveband, the second frequency band is a DAB Band III band, and the third frequency band is an FM broadcasting waveband. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 21 , wherein the first direction and the second direction are approximately parallel to a vertical direction when the glass panel is mounted on a vehicle. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 21 , wherein the first direction and the second direction are approximately parallel to a horizontal direction when the glass panel is mounted on a vehicle. Window pane for a vehicle according to any of Claims 1 until 23 , wherein the antenna satisfies L ₁ < L ₃ when L ₁ and L ₃ a length of path from the feeding section to the first open end via the first section and the second section and a length of path from the feeding section to the third open end, respectively Figure end about the fourth section. window pane for a vehicle Claim 24 , where the antenna satisfies L ₂ < L ₃ when L ₂ represents a length of a path from the feeding section to the second open end via the third section.

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