DE102022003188A1 - Device for conveying conveyed goods - Google Patents

Abstract

A conveyor device (1), in particular for bulk goods, liquids and/or gases, has a rotationally symmetrical housing (2) and a displacement body (8), the displacement body (8) being positioned around an axis of rotation (2) positioned in the center of the rotationally symmetrical housing (2). 5) is positioned. The housing (2) has an inlet, the displacement body (8) consists of several disks (3), each disk (3) has an outer contour, which is created when starting from a maximum radius rmax to the axis of rotation (5) during a rotary movement a rotation angle less than or equal to 360° around the axis of rotation (5), the radius r from the axis of rotation (5) to the outer contour decreases to a minimum radius rmin and then increases from the minimum radius rmin to the maximum radius rmax. The disks (3) are arranged continuously with a rotational offset in the direction of the axis of rotation (5). A separator (4) presses on each disk (3), the separator (4) having almost the same thickness as the disk ( 3). The separators (4) of the discs are arranged next to each other. At least one opening is provided in the housing (2) for the passage of the separators (4) and an outlet is arranged on the side facing away from the inlet.

Description

The invention relates to a device for conveying bulk goods, liquids or gases.

Archimedean screws were already known as conveyor systems in ancient times. Using a pipe in which a spiral rotating around a central axis is arranged, these conveyor systems can lift water to supply water to higher places. Bulk goods can also be transported with such conveying devices.

DE 370896 describes a centrifugal drum in which liquid is transported outwards via strips arranged on the circumference by centrifugal force.

Out of EP 2883818 A1 It is known to transport bulk goods to a higher level using a conveyor belt.

DE 102013112936 A1 describes a conveyor device which uses a pressure source to transport objects such as screws and other assembly elements in and downstream of a separating device.

The aim of the present invention is to create a novel conveying device which enables bulk goods, liquids or gases to be conveyed.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by means of a conveyor device with the features of claim 1. The conveyor device according to the invention has a rotationally symmetrical housing in which a displacement body is arranged. The displacement body is positioned around an axis of rotation positioned in the center of the rotationally symmetrical housing. The housing has an inlet.

The displacement body consists of several disks. In the context of the invention, a slide is understood to mean a flat object, which usually has a relatively low height compared to the surface. It is preferably a pane with reduced recesses. Each disk has an outer contour, which is created when, starting from a maximum radius r _max to the axis of rotation, during a rotation movement over a rotation angle less than or equal to 360° around the axis of rotation, the radius r from the axis of rotation (5) to the outer contour up to a minimum radius r _min decreases and then increases again from the minimum radius r _min to the maximum radius r _max .

The disks are arranged continuously with a rotational offset in the direction of the axis of rotation. A separator presses on each disc, with the separator having almost the same thickness as the disc. The disc separators are arranged next to each other. At least one opening is provided in the housing for the separators to pass through. This makes it possible to separate the space within the housing into two areas by means of the displacement body consisting of the disks with the separators. One area is on one side of the separators in the direction of rotation and the other area is on the other side of the separators against the direction of rotation.

An outlet is arranged on the side facing away from the inlet.

Advantageous refinements result from the features of the dependent claims.

The outer contour of the disks in the area where the radius r changes can be the contour of part of an Archimedean spiral. The radius r of an Archimedean spiral increases with the angle of rotation φ. r = f(φ), for example r = a * φ. In this case, however, the contour does not start from a radius of zero, but from r _min and extends to r _max .; accordingly, in this case the formula is r = r _min + a * φ. According to the invention, other curve profiles are also possible.

If the maximum radius r _max corresponds to half the inside diameter of the housing, the disks seal against the housing. It should be taken into account that there should be at least a small gap to enable rotation or that a seal should be provided.

The inlet can extend over part of the housing cross section and can preferably be arranged on the outer edge. The supply then takes place at this position.

The inlet can also be made laterally through the housing wall. The height of the first disc in the conveying direction in the opposite direction of rotation next to the separator is preferably suitable for this.

The disks can each be separate components which, when put together, form the displacement body.

The edges of the disks can run parallel or oblique to the axis of rotation.

Alternatively, the disks can be part of a one-piece displacement body.

If the outer contour of the disks is enclosed with a seal at least between the maximum radius r _max and minimum radius r _min , then tightness between the housing and the disks is guaranteed.

The tip of the separators, which are in contact with the disks, can also be enclosed with a seal in order to ensure a tight separation between the two spaces described above in or against the direction of rotation.

The separators can press on the discs using spring force; These can be metallic springs, gas springs or other springs.

Alternatively, the separators can press onto the disks using actuators.

• 1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Verdrängungskörper mit Separatoren in perspektivischer Darstellung,
• 2 denselben erfindungsgemäßen Verdrängungskörper mit Separatoren in Richtung der Drehachse,
• 3 denselben erfindungsgemäßen Verdrängungskörper mit Separatoren senkrecht zur Drehachse,
• 4 eine erfindungsgemäße Fördervorrichtung mit Verdrängungskörper und Separatoren in einem Gehäuse in einer ersten Stellung,
• 5 die erfindungsgemäße Fördervorrichtung mit Verdrängungskörper und Separatoren in einem Gehäuse aus 4 in einer zweiten Stellung,
• 6 die erfindungsgemäße Fördervorrichtung mit Verdrängungskörper und Separatoren in einem Gehäuse aus 4 in einer dritten Stellung sowie
• 7 Scheiben eines Verdrängungskörpers mit Separatoren.

The invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the figures. Show here:

• 1 a displacement body according to the invention with separators in a perspective view,
• 2 the same displacement body according to the invention with separators in the direction of the axis of rotation,
• 3 the same displacement body according to the invention with separators perpendicular to the axis of rotation,
• 4 a conveyor device according to the invention with displacement bodies and separators in a housing in a first position,
• 5 the conveying device according to the invention with displacement bodies and separators in a housing 4 in a second position,
• 6 the conveying device according to the invention with displacement bodies and separators in a housing 4 in a third position as well
• 7 Discs of a displacement body with separators.

The conveyor device 1 essentially consists of a housing 2 in the form of a hollow cylinder with an inlet on one side of the housing, usually at the bottom, a plurality of disks 3, the radius of which, starting from an outer radius r _max, extends inwards over an angle of approximately 300 ° continuously reduced up to an inner radius r _min , separators and a discharge on the side facing away from the inlet, usually in the upper area of the cylinder. In the area between the outer radius r _max and the inner radius r _min, the outer contour of the disks 3 describes the shape of an Archimedean spiral.

The disks 3 are all mounted via an axis of rotation 5 perpendicular to the disks 3, the axis of rotation 5 being located at the location which would correspond to the Archimedean spiral at an angle of zero.

The 1 to 3 show a displacement body 8, which consists of several identical disks 3, which are each arranged around the axis of rotation 5 with a constant angular offset in a direction of rotation. The disks 3 are arranged one above the other, each with a certain angular offset, so that a stepped spiral helix is created. In the present case, the disks 3 are arranged with a constant angular offset from top to bottom of around 45°. This creates a gradation on the top and bottom. A separator 4 presses laterally onto each disk 3, the separator 4 having almost the same thickness as the disk 3. The separators 4 of the individual disks 3 are arranged one above the other in the conveying direction. While the disks 3 are firmly connected to one another, the separators 4 can be moved in the direction perpendicular to the edges of the disks 3, so that they are always at the same height with respect to the axis of rotation 5, but the distance between the axis of rotation 5 and the separators 4 depends of the radius r can be changed.

4 shows a conveyor device 1 according to the invention, in which the displacement body 8 and the separators 4 from the 1 to 3 are arranged in a housing 2. The displacement body 8 mounted around the axis of rotation 5 extends to the housing 2 at the point of the outer radius r _max , which extends over an angle of approximately 60 °. The maximum radius r _max corresponds almost to half the inner diameter of the housing 2. Here is either a small gap or a seal is present so that, on the one hand, nothing or as little as possible can get between the displacement body 8 and the housing 2 and, on the other hand, rotation of the displacement body 8 is possible. Due to the displacement body 8 with the staggered discs 3, part of the internal volume in the housing of the conveying device 1 is blocked for conveyed goods, while the rest is free.

Several separators 4 protrude laterally through the wall of the housing 2 and press on the disks 3. The separators 4 divide the free space in the conveyor device 1 into two rooms 7, 8. During operation of the conveyor device 1, in which the displacement body 8 is rotated clockwise in the exemplary embodiment (see arrow in the 4 to 6 around the axis of rotation 5), there is material to be conveyed in the conveying space 6, which is opposite The direction of rotation is located next to the separators 4 between the displacement body 8 and the housing 2. On the other side of the separators 4 in the direction of rotation between the displacement body 8 and the housing 2 there is a free space 7.

During operation, the conveyor device 1 conveys goods in the direction of view 4 to 6 fed to the opposite side. The description of the continuous conveying process begins below with the position in which the separator 4 rests on the outer radius r _max of the first disk 3 in the conveying direction; the lowest disk 3 is then in the position in which 6 the top disk 3 is located. The displacement body 8 is rotated clockwise, whereby the separator 4 exceeds the point on the disk 3 at which the radius drops from the outer radius r _max to the inner radius r _min . The separator 4 is pressed in the direction of the axis of rotation 5 by a spring, not shown. Material to be conveyed flows into the conveying chamber 6, which is located next to the separator 4 in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation. With further rotation, a free space 7 is created next to the separator in the direction of the rotational movement, which becomes larger with the rotational movement at the level of the corresponding disk 3; this is in 5 shown. With the rotational movement, however, the conveying space 6 becomes smaller at the level of the corresponding disk 3; this is also in 5 shown. The material to be conveyed is thus gradually displaced and is thus transported in the conveying direction, i.e. against the direction of view 4 to 6 , conveyed to the next disk 3. Here the material to be conveyed is conveyed to the next disk 3 in the same way.

6 shows the state in which the top disk 3 was rotated to such an extent that all of the material to be conveyed was displaced from the conveying space 6 in the direction of the viewer. The separator 4 again lies against the outer radius r _max .

The inlet can extend over part of the housing cross section and can preferably be arranged on the outer edge. Related to 4 This would preferably be in the 1st square, i.e. “between 12 and 3 o’clock”. However, the inlet can also extend over the entire housing cross section; the disk 3 at the inlet then reduces the effective inlet cross section.

For solid and liquid conveyed goods, sufficient feed can be generated at the inlet using static pressure. Accordingly, it is sufficient if, for example, a storage container is arranged next to the conveying device 1, the filling height of which protrudes beyond the inlet. If the material being conveyed is solid, it should be as dry as possible to avoid clumping. The grain size should not be too coarse; This is particularly true in relation to the disc thickness, which must be adjusted to the grain size if necessary. The grain size must be smaller than the disc thickness, otherwise the material to be conveyed will jam the conveyor device 1.

The inlet can also take place laterally through the housing 2 at the level of the first disk 3 in the conveying direction, opposite to the direction of rotation next to the separator 4. A supply can take place via gravity or static pressure or a conveying device, for example a horizontal screw conveyor.

The discharge downstream of the conveying device 1 can also take place over the entire cross section of the housing 2, as well as a partial area or a side opening in the housing 2.

The disks 3 can each be separate, preferably identical components, which are assembled to form the displacement body 8. Alternatively, the displacement body 8 can be in one piece and, for example, milled or cast from solid.

The shape of the separators is of particular importance. On the one hand, it is advantageous if the tip of the separators is enclosed with a seal in order to prevent conveyed material from flowing past between the disk 3 and the separator 4. On the other hand, the tip must not be too wide, especially with bulk goods, so that it does not rest on the conveyed material when moving from the outer radius r _max to the inner radius r _min . The spring force should be strong, but not too strong to avoid wear when it is placed on the edge of the window. However, the stroke can also be avoided by using appropriate stops on the housing and the separators.

The edges of the disk can run parallel to the axis of rotation 5. They can also run at an angle to it. It is particularly advantageous if the radius of the disks 3 decreases slightly in the conveying direction, so that an incline to the following disk 3 is created, via which the material to be conveyed is removed. In this case, the tip of the separators 4 must also be adjusted accordingly. The bevel can be linear or rounded.

The separators 4 can be moved by springs or gravity as well as pneumatic, hydrostatic or electromagnetic devices so that they press on the disks 3. The changing radius increases or reduces the pressure.

Alternatively, the separators 4 can be moved by actuators. With an active one The separators are controlled externally in such a way that the pressure built up on the spiral disks can be adjusted as required. Active control would be conceivable mechanically (for example in the form of a camshaft), electromechanically (for example by linear motors), or pneumatic/hydraulic (for example by appropriate valve control).

1. 1. feste Materialien in einer Größe oder Körnung, die den Durchmesser des begrenzenden Gehäuses 2 deutlich unterschreitet.
2. 2. flüssige Medien insoweit, als eine ausreichende Abdichtung der Stäbe untereinander, sowie zum sich drehenden Verdrängungskörper 8 gegeben ist.
3. 3. gasförmige Medien, wobei hier der Abdichtung besondere Bedeutung zukommt. Hier können nur geringe Drücke erzeugt werden.

In principle, the conveyor system can convey different materials:

1. 1. solid materials with a size or grain size that is significantly less than the diameter of the limiting housing 2.
2. 2. liquid media insofar as there is sufficient sealing between the rods and the rotating displacement body 8.
3. 3. gaseous media, whereby sealing is of particular importance. Only low pressures can be generated here.

Reference symbol list

1

Conveyor device

2

Housing

3

disc

4

separator

5

Axis of rotation

6

funding room

7

free space

8th

displacement body

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 370896 [0003]
• EP 2883818 A1 [0004]
• DE 102013112936 A1 [0005]

Claims (10)

Conveying device (1) in particular for bulk goods, liquids and/or gases, the conveying device (1) having a rotationally symmetrical housing (2) and a displacement body (8), the displacement body (8) being located around a center of the rotationally symmetrical housing ( 2) positioned axis of rotation (5), characterized in that the housing (2) has an inlet, the displacement body (8) consists of several disks (3), each disk (3) has an outer contour, which is created when starting from a maximum radius r _max to the axis of rotation (5) with a rotation movement over a rotation angle less than or equal to 360 ° around the axis of rotation (5), the radius r from the axis of rotation (5) to the outer contour decreases to a minimum radius r _min and then from the minimum radius r _min increases to the maximum radius r _max , the disks (3) with the direction of the axis of rotation (5) are arranged continuously with a rotational offset, a separator (4) presses on each disk (3), the separator (4) over almost the has the same thickness as the disk (3), the separators (4) of the disks are arranged next to one another, at least one opening is provided in the housing (2) for the passage of the separators (4) and an outlet is arranged on the side facing away from the inlet. Conveyor device (1). Claim 1 , characterized in that the outer contour of the disks (3) in the area in which the radius r changes has the shape of an Archimedean spiral. Conveyor device (1). Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the maximum radius r _max corresponds to half the inner diameter of the housing (2). Conveying device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the inlet extends over part of the housing cross section and is preferably arranged on the outer edge or occurs laterally through the housing wall. Conveying device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the disks (3) are each separate components which are assembled to form the displacement body (8) or the disks (3) are part of a one-piece displacement body (8). Conveying device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the edges of the disks (3) run parallel or obliquely to the axis of rotation (5). Conveying device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the outer contour of the disks (3) is enclosed with a seal at least between the maximum radius r _max and minimum radius r _min . Conveying device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that the tip of the separators (4), which are in contact with the disks (3), are enclosed with a seal. Conveying device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that the separators (4) press on the disks (3) by means of spring force. Conveying device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that the separators (4) press on the disks (3) by means of actuators.

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