DE102021212455A1 - Method for navigating a user of a vehicle in an accident situation involving air pollution, computer program product, control unit and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for navigating a user of a vehicle (10) in an accident situation with air pollution, comprising: - detecting sensor information (SI) about the air quality outside the vehicle (10), - determining stress zones (Z1, Z2, Z3) outside the vehicle (10) with different degrees of air pollution depending on the detected sensor information (SI),- creating an escape route (R) for the user of the vehicle (10), which is at least partly to be walked on foot, depending on the determined Stress zones (Z1, Z2, Z3), so that the escape route (R) takes the user of the vehicle (10) from an area (BU) affected by the accident situation through selected stress zones (Z1, Z2, Z3) with certain degrees of pollution to a safe area ( BS) directs.

Description

The invention relates to a method for navigating a user of a vehicle in an accident situation with air pollution. The invention also relates to a corresponding computer program product. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding control device. In addition, the invention relates to a corresponding vehicle.

In the area of closed and semi-closed tunnels, a traffic accident poses an increased risk of danger for the occupants of a vehicle. The development of smoke and the formation of toxic gases pose an enormous threat to the lives of the people in the tunnel. But other accident situations are also conceivable, such as B. in industrial accidents associated with leaks of hazardous substances such. B. poison gases, which can spread quickly and endanger traffic on nearby roads, etc.

Modern vehicles are increasingly being equipped with sensors that can measure the air quality inside and/or outside the vehicles. If poor air quality is measured in an accident situation, but leaving the accident situation with the vehicle is not possible or not entirely possible, e.g. in the area of semi-closed or closed lanes, such as B. in a tunnel, the encapsulation of the area around the accident situation causes declining air quality and thus a high risk for the health of the occupants of the vehicles.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for navigating a user of a vehicle in an accident situation with air pollution, which reduces and minimizes the health risk for the occupants of the vehicle due to the poor air quality. In particular, the object of the invention is to provide a method for navigating a user of a vehicle in an accident situation with air pollution, which takes navigation on foot into account, which enables the accident situation to be left quickly and which provides such an escape route that takes the user as far as possible through the zones with low pollution levels to a safe area, e.g. to an escape point from the tunnel.

The object according to the invention is achieved by: a method for navigating a user of a vehicle in an accident situation with air pollution with the features of the independent method claim. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding computer program product with the features of the independent product claim. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding control device with the features of the independent device claim. In addition, the invention relates to a corresponding vehicle with the features of the independent device claim. Features that are described in connection with individual aspects of the invention also apply, of course, in connection with the other aspects and vice versa, so that the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention is or can always be referred to reciprocally.

• - Erfassen von Sensorinformationen über die Luftqualität außerhalb des Fahrzeuges,
• - Bestimmen von Belastungszonen außerhalb des Fahrzeuges mit unterschiedlichen Luftverschmutzungsgraden in Abhängigkeit von den erfassten Sensorinformationen,
• - Erstellen einer Fluchtroute (mindestens einer Fluchtroute oder mehrerer möglichen Fluchtrouten) für den Benutzer des Fahrzeuges, die zumindest zum Teil zu Fuß zu begehen ist, in Abhängigkeit von den bestimmten Belastungszonen, sodass die Fluchtroute den Benutzer des Fahrzeuges aus einem durch die Unfallsituation betroffenen Bereich durch ausgewählte Belastungszonen mit bestimmten, insbesondere zum Zeitpunkt des Passierens möglichst niedrigen, Verschmutzungsgraden an einen sicheren Bereich (d. h. an einen Bereich außerhalb des durch die Unfallsituation betroffenen Bereiches) leitet.

The invention provides: a method for navigating at least one user (a driver, at least one passenger, at least one other passenger and/or several passengers) of a vehicle in an accident situation with air pollution (meaning with such high air pollution that it poses an increased health risk for the occupants of a vehicle), comprising:

• - Acquisition of sensor information about the air quality outside the vehicle,
• - Determination of stress zones outside the vehicle with different levels of air pollution depending on the sensor information collected,
• - Creation of an escape route (at least one escape route or several possible escape routes) for the user of the vehicle, which can at least partly be walked on foot, depending on the specific stress zones, so that the escape route takes the user of the vehicle out of an area affected by the accident situation to a safe area (ie to an area outside of the area affected by the accident situation) through selected stress zones with specific levels of pollution, in particular those that are as low as possible at the time of passing.

The acquisition of sensor information about the air quality or air quality outside the vehicle can include: Measuring the air quality using at least one vehicle air quality sensor, e.g . B. other vehicles and / or elements of the infrastructure that have air quality sensors. The air quality sensors can measure the pollutant load (e.g. from toxic gases, smoke, CO2 values, fine dust or volatile organic compounds, etc.) in the air.

The vehicles can preferably their positions and the measured air quality or the exchange measured pollution levels, e.g. via short-distance communication, based e.g. on an IEEE standard, such as e.g. B. WLAN and/or WiMAX. This could be advantageous if access to the mobile phone network is disrupted in the area of the accident. In principle, all communication options for Car2Car and/or Car2X communication can be used that enable wireless access to the Internet and/or broadband Internet, such as e.g. B. Cellular network, WLAN and/or WiMAX, which are available to the vehicles and/or the infrastructure in the event of an accident.

The area affected by the accident situation can be divided into stress zones, which are characterized by different degrees of air pollution. An air quality map can preferably be created for the area affected by the accident situation. The air quality map can show the air quality locally. In addition, the air quality map can represent an air quality gradient field, which can resolve the air quality in terms of location and time. For this purpose, the air quality can be determined and/or predicted in a predictive manner. Certain developments, tendencies and/or forecasts for air quality can be taken into account when planning the escape route.

The escape route can include at least one section that has to be walked. However, it is also possible for the vehicle to drive through at least part of the escape route, e.g. driving to a location where the air quality is acceptable from a health perspective (or is expected to be acceptable at the time of arrival), where the user exits the vehicle and from there manage the rest of the escape route on foot. The escape route created in this way can make it possible to leave the accident situation safely and ensure that the user can reach a safe area, for example an escape location from the tunnel, via the zones with the lowest possible pollution levels. Several routes can be weighed against each other and the route can be suggested to the user that leads along the route via the pollution zones with the lowest possible pollution levels.

A safe area can be understood as an area outside of the area affected by the accident situation, which has such air quality (or is expected to have at the time of arrival) that entails no or no significant health risk for the occupants of the vehicles. In an accident situation in a tunnel, the safe area can be designated as the escape exit from the tunnel. The escape exits can also be sensed, e.g. by optical environment detection and image analysis methods. The escape exits can be illuminated using display devices and/or lighting devices of the vehicle in order to enable the escape exits to be better located.

The invention recognizes that vehicles are increasingly able to measure the air quality in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle due to the built-in sensors. In addition, vehicles are increasingly able to communicate with each other. Furthermore, vehicles are able to communicate with the vehicle occupants. The invention exploits these properties in an advantageous, synergetic manner in order to provide a method for navigating a user of a vehicle in an accident situation with high levels of air pollution, which can endanger the health of the user. The idea is to use your own and/or third-party sensor information about the air quality to plan a safe and quick escape route.

On the basis of recorded sensor values, an air quality map can be created for a sufficient number of vehicles equipped with air quality sensors, which shows stress zones with critical air quality values, for example with critical values for toxic gases and/or with high smoke emissions. Especially in an enclosed environment such as B. in a tunnel, the collection of sensor values in combination with the tunnel equipment can be advantageous. When creating the air quality map, the positions of the vehicles can be taken into account. The positions of the vehicles can be determined using GPS. If GPS is not available, such as in a tunnel, the tunnel equipment can be used to determine the positions of the vehicles. However, other techniques for determining the positions of the vehicles can also be used, which, for example, use the last available GPS positions and determine the current positions of the vehicles on the basis of speed profiles, revolutions per minute and/or odometer, etc.

Furthermore, the vehicle can communicate with the occupants via all output devices in order to visualize and/or verbalize the created escape route. All technical systems are conceivable as output devices, including a digital instrument cluster, a navigation device, a head-up display, loudspeakers, headlights, lights, etc. In addition, the escape exits can be visualized using display devices and/or using lighting devices, such as Headlights, lights, etc., of the vehicle are illuminated. The escape route and/or escape exits may also be identified by arrow markers and distance indicators.

If the vehicle is in a non-critical area, the user can be signaled to leave the vehicle and go along the created escape route to the next escape option. If the vehicle is in a critical air quality area or a high air gradient area, the vehicle can, preferably autonomously, first drive up to a less critical area and only then signal the user to leave the vehicle and end the escape route on foot. After dropping the user, the vehicle can drive away, preferably autonomously, to clear the way for other vehicles. The other surrounding vehicles can preferably be informed accordingly. In addition, assistance for passengers of other vehicles can be offered to pick up and evacuate the occupants in critically located vehicles.

• - mindestens einem fahrzeugeigenen Luftqualitätssensor,
• - mindestens einem fahrzeugfremden Luftqualitätssensor von zumindest einem weiteren Fahrzeug, welches bspw. in der Unfallsituation verwickelt ist und/oder welches sich in dem und/oder in der Nähe des die Unfallsituation betroffenen Bereich(es) befindet,
• - mindestens einem fahrzeugfremden Luftqualitätssensor von mindestens einer Infrastruktur.

Auf diese Weise können erweiterte Sensorinformationen erfasst und ein Erstellen einer ausführlichen Luftgütekarte ermöglicht werden.Provision can also be made for sensor values to be obtained and/or queried from at least one of the following air quality sensors when sensor information is recorded:

• - at least one on-board air quality sensor,
• - at least one non-vehicle air quality sensor of at least one other vehicle, which is involved in the accident situation, for example, and/or which is located in and/or in the vicinity of the area(s) affected by the accident situation,
• - at least one off-board air quality sensor from at least one infrastructure.

In this way, extended sensor information can be collected and a detailed air quality map can be created.

• - eine Gefahrzone eines ersten Luftverschmutzungsgrades,
• - eine Risikozone eines zweiten Luftverschmutzungsgrades,
• - eine Sicherheitszone eines dritten Luftverschmutzungsgrades, usw.

Auf diese Weise kann die Planung der Route auf eine vorteilhafte Weise ermöglicht werden.Furthermore, it can be provided that when determining stress zones, the area affected by the accident situation is divided into at least three or more zones, including, for example:

• - a danger zone of a first degree of air pollution,
• - a risk zone of a second degree of air pollution,
• - a safety zone of a third degree of air pollution, etc.

In this way, the planning of the route can be made possible in an advantageous manner.

• - Ermitteln einer Position des Fahrzeuges, um Sensorwerte von mindestens einem fahrzeugeigenen Luftqualitätssensor der Position des Fahrzeuges zuzuordnen.

Auf diese Weise können die erfassten Sensorwerte durch den mindestens einen fahrzeugeigenen Luftqualitätssensor der Position des Fahrzeuges zugeordnet werden. Ein Erstellen einer Luftgütekarte kann dadurch vereinfacht werden.The method can also include:

• - determining a position of the vehicle in order to assign sensor values from at least one vehicle's own air quality sensor to the position of the vehicle.

In this way, the detected sensor values can be assigned to the position of the vehicle by the at least one vehicle air quality sensor. This can simplify the creation of an air quality map.

• - Erstellen einer Luftgütekarte von dem durch die Unfallsituation betroffenen Bereich, die Belastungszonen außerhalb des Fahrzeuges mit unterschiedlichen Luftverschmutzungsgraden abbildet.

Über die Luftgütekarte kann die Fluchtroute effektiv und sicher geplant werden. Zudem kann über die Luftgütekarte die Fluchtroute einfach und intuitiv dargestellt werden. Vorteilhafterweise kann die Luftgütekarte mit den anderen Verkehrsteilnehmern geteilt werden. Mithilfe der Luftgütekarte kann das Verlassen der Unfallsituation erleichtert werden.In addition, the method can include:

• - Creation of an air quality map of the area affected by the accident situation, which depicts stress zones outside the vehicle with different degrees of air pollution.

The escape route can be planned effectively and safely using the air quality map. In addition, the escape route can be displayed easily and intuitively using the air quality map. Advantageously, the air quality map can be shared with other road users. Leaving the accident situation can be made easier with the help of the air quality map.

The air quality map can advantageously have an air quality gradient field, with the air quality gradient field preferably being able to resolve the air quality in terms of location and time. In this way, a predictive assessment of the air quality can be made. The mapping of the air quality can take place locally and temporally. This can bring significant benefits when planning the escape route, as air pollution trends can be taken into account. For example, a route can be discarded that targets an escape exit at a location that will have dangerous air quality when the user is expected to arrive, for example due to smoke development. Also, a route can be considered as the escape route that has reduced levels of pollution when the user is expected to arrive, for example, due to draft.

In addition, it can be provided that the escape route has a section to be traveled by the vehicle. The section to be traveled by the vehicle can advantageously be used to navigate the vehicle to the point in the area affected by the accident situation where the air quality is acceptable from a health point of view (or is expected to be acceptable at the time of arrival) and from which the user can escape route through the stress zones can continue on foot as safely as possible for his/her health.

• - Umschalten des Fahrzeugs in einen Notfallbetriebsmodus, sodass das Verfahren zumindest zum Teil automatisiert durch das Fahrzeug ausgeführt wird.

In dem Notfallbetriebsmodus können bestimmte sicherheitsrelevante Aktionen automatisch durchgeführt werden, um den Benutzer zu schützen.The method can also include:

• - Switching the vehicle into an emergency operating mode, so that the method is carried out at least in part automatically by the vehicle.

In the emergency operating mode, certain security-related actions can be performed automatically to protect the user.

• - Verriegeln von Fahrzeugtüren,
• - Umschalten der Lüftung des Fahrzeuges auf Umluft,
• - Erhöhen einer Frequenz bei dem Erfassen von Sensorinformationen,
• - Alarmieren des Benutzers über die Unfallsituation,
• - Ausgeben der Fluchtroute an den Benutzer,
• - Navigieren des Fahrzeuges zumindest zum Teil entlang der Fluchtroute,
• - Informieren von anderen Verkehrsteilnehmern und/oder Infrastrukturteilnehmern über die Luftqualität außerhalb des Fahrzeuges,
• - Aussenden eines Notrufes,
• - Navigieren des Fahrzeuges zum Abholen und/oder Evakuieren von betroffenen Verkehrsteilnehmern von weiteren Fahrzeugen an einen sicheren Bereich, und/oder
• - Navigieren des Fahrzeuges aus dem Weg, der zum sicheren Bereich führt, nachdem der Benutzer des Fahrzeuges und/oder weitere betroffene Verkehrsteilnehmer an einen sicheren Bereich geleitet wurden.

All diese Aktionen können die Sicherheit des Benutzers und/oder weiterer betroffener Verkehrsteilnehmer erheblich erhöhen. Solche automatischen Aktionen können insbesondere dann von Vorteil sein, wenn der Fahrer des Fahrzeuges abgelenkt ist und sogar durch die Unfallsituation betroffen ist.Advantageously, in an emergency operating mode, at least one of the following actions can be performed automatically by the vehicle:

• - locking vehicle doors,
• - switching the ventilation of the vehicle to air recirculation,
• - increasing a frequency when acquiring sensor information,
• - alerting the user about the accident situation,
• - outputting the escape route to the user,
• - navigating the vehicle at least partially along the escape route,
• - informing other road users and/or infrastructure users about the air quality outside the vehicle,
• - sending out an emergency call,
• - navigating the vehicle to pick up and/or evacuate affected road users from other vehicles to a safe area, and/or
• - Navigating the vehicle out of the path leading to the safe area after directing the user of the vehicle and/or other affected road users to a safe area.

All of these actions can significantly increase the safety of the user and/or other road users involved. Such automatic actions can be particularly advantageous when the driver of the vehicle is distracted and is even affected by the accident situation.

At the same time, however, it is also conceivable that an emergency operating mode of the vehicle can be at least partially deactivated by active oversteering by the user of the vehicle. In this way, control of the vehicle can be returned to the user when the user actively and thus consciously performs a specific action. For example, the user can unlock and open the locked vehicle doors with a double opening action. In this way it can be ensured that the user can take control of the vehicle as soon as the user can act actively and consciously.

• - Anzeigen der Fluchtroute auf einer Anzeigevorrichtung des Fahrzeuges,
• - Mitteilen der Fluchtroute durch eine akustische Vorrichtung des Fahrzeuges,
• - Generieren von Lichtspots außerhalb des Fahrzeuges, um die Fluchtroute und/oder den sicheren Bereich zumindest zum Teil auszuleuchten.

Somit kann eine Kommunikation mit dem Benutzer sichergestellt werden, um die Fluchtroute zu visualisieren, zu verbalisieren und/oder mithilfe von Hinweisen zu zeigen.Furthermore, it can be provided that the escape route is output to the user by at least one of the following actions:

• - display of the escape route on a display device of the vehicle,
• - Announcement of the escape route by an acoustic device of the vehicle,
• - Generate light spots outside the vehicle to at least partially illuminate the escape route and/or the safe area.

In this way, communication with the user can be ensured in order to visualize, verbalize and/or show the escape route with the help of instructions.

The invention further provides: a computer program product, comprising instructions which, when the computer program product is executed by a computer, cause the latter to carry out the method as described above. With the aid of the computer program product according to the invention, the same advantages can be achieved that were described above in connection with the method according to the invention. Reference is made in full to these advantages here. In addition, with the aid of the computer program product according to the invention, the advantage can be achieved that the method can be implemented in the form of an update and/or an app in different vehicles.

The invention further provides: a control device, having an arithmetic unit and a memory unit, in which a code is stored which, when executed at least partially by the arithmetic unit, carries out a method as described above. The same advantages that were described above in connection with the method according to the invention can be achieved with the aid of the control device according to the invention. The control device can be designed as a separate control device or implemented as a central control device. Reference is made in full to these advantages here.

• - eine Erfassungsvorrichtung zum Erfassen von Sensorinformationen über die Luftqualität außerhalb des Fahrzeuges,
• - eine Steuervorrichtung zum Durchführen eines Verfahrens, welches wie oben beschrieben ablaufen kann.

Mithilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeuges können die gleichen Vorteile erreicht werden, die oben im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren beschrieben wurden. Auf diese Vorteile wird vorliegend vollumfänglich Bezug genommen.The invention also provides: a vehicle, comprising:

• - a detection device for detecting sensor information about the air quality outside the vehicle,
• - a control device for carrying out a method which can run as described above.

With the aid of the vehicle according to the invention, the same advantages can be achieved that were described above in connection with the method according to the invention. Reference is made in full to these advantages here.

• - mindestens einen fahrzeugeigenen Luftqualitätssensor, um die Luftqualität außerhalb des Fahrzeuges zu vermessen,
• - mindestens eine Ausgabevorrichtung, um die Fluchtroute an den Benutzer auszugeben, und/oder
• - mindestens eine Kommunikationsvorrichtung, insbesondere eine Kurzdistanz-Kommunikationseinheit, vorzugsweise eine WiMAX- Kommunikationseinheit, um die Sensorinformationen über die Luftqualität außerhalb des Fahrzeuges zu empfangen und/oder zu senden.

Advantageously, the vehicle can also have:

• - at least one on-board air quality sensor to measure the air quality outside the vehicle,
• - at least one output device to output the escape route to the user, and/or
• - At least one communication device, in particular a short-distance communication unit, preferably a WiMAX communication unit, to receive and/or send the sensor information about the air quality outside the vehicle.

• 1 eine beispielhafte Unfallsituation mit Luftverschmutzung,
• 2 eine weitere beispielhafte Unfallsituation mit Luftverschmutzung, und
• 3 ein beispielhaftes Fahrzeug.

Furthermore, the invention is illustrated in more detail with reference to the figures. It should be noted that the figures are only of a descriptive nature and are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It shows:

• 1 an exemplary accident situation with air pollution,
• 2 another exemplary air pollution accident situation, and
• 3 an example vehicle.

The 1 until 3 serve to explain a method within the meaning of the present disclosure. The method is used to navigate a user of a vehicle in an accident situation with air pollution, for example 1 is shown and which can pose an increased health risk for the occupants of a vehicle due to air pollution.

• - Erfassen von Sensorinformationen SI über die Luftqualität außerhalb des Fahrzeuges 10 (vgl. 1 bis 3),
• - Bestimmen von Belastungszonen Z1, Z2, Z3 außerhalb des Fahrzeuges 10 mit unterschiedlichen Luftverschmutzungsgraden in Abhängigkeit von den erfassten Sensorinformationen SI (vgl. 1),
• - Erstellen mindestens einer oder mehrerer Fluchtroute(n) R für den Benutzer des Fahrzeuges 10, die zumindest zum Teil zu Fuß zu begehen ist, in Abhängigkeit von den bestimmten Belastungszonen Z1, Z2, Z3 (vgl. 1 und 2), sodass die Fluchtroute R den Benutzer des Fahrzeuges 10 aus einem durch die Unfallsituation betroffenen Bereich BU durch ausgewählte Belastungszonen Z1, Z2, Z3 mit bestimmten, insbesondere zum Zeitpunkt des Passierens möglichst niedrigen, Verschmutzungsgraden an einen sicheren Bereich BS, d. h. an einen Bereich außerhalb des durch die Unfallsituation betroffenen Bereiches leitet bzw. an einen Bereich mit einer solchen Luftqualität, die für die Gesundheit des Benutzers ungefährlich ist.

The method comprising:

• - Acquisition of sensor information SI about the air quality outside the vehicle 10 (cf. 1 until 3 ),
• - Determination of load zones Z1, Z2, Z3 outside the vehicle 10 with different degrees of air pollution depending on the detected sensor information SI (cf. 1 ),
• - Creation of at least one or more escape route(s) R for the user of the vehicle 10, at least some of which can be walked on foot, depending on the specific load zones Z1, Z2, Z3 (cf. 1 and 2 ), so that the escape route R takes the user of the vehicle 10 from an area BU affected by the accident situation through selected stress zones Z1, Z2, Z3 with specific levels of pollution, which are as low as possible, in particular at the time of passing, to a safe area BS, i.e. to an area outside of the area affected by the accident situation or to an area with such air quality that is not dangerous for the health of the user.

• - Vermessen der Luftqualität durch mindestens einen fahrzeugeigenen Luftqualitätssensor S1, ein sog. AQS-Sensor, und/oder
• - Erhalten und/oder Abfragen von Sensorinformationen SI von anderen Verkehrsteilnehmern, wie z. B.:
  • - mindestens einem fahrzeugfremden Luftqualitätssensor S2 von zumindest einem weiteren Fahrzeug 20,
  • - mindestens einem fahrzeugfremden Luftqualitätssensor S3 von mindestens einer Infrastruktur 100 (bspw. gezeigt in Form eines Tunnels).

Like it the 2 and 3 indicate, the acquisition of sensor information SI about the air quality or air quality outside of the vehicle 10 can include:

• - Measurement of the air quality by at least one vehicle air quality sensor S1, a so-called. AQS sensor, and / or
• - Receive and / or query sensor information SI from other road users, such. e.g.:
  • - at least one non-vehicle air quality sensor S2 of at least one other vehicle 20,
  • - At least one vehicle-external air quality sensor S3 of at least one infrastructure 100 (e.g. shown in the form of a tunnel).

The air quality sensors S can measure the pollutant load, for example from toxic gases, smoke, CO2 values, particulate matter or volatile organic compounds, etc., in the air.

The vehicles 10, 20 can preferably exchange their positions and the measured air quality or the measured pollution levels, for example via short-distance communication, based for example on an IEEE standard such as e.g. B. WLAN and/or WiMAX.

Like it the 1 clarified, the area BU affected by the accident situation can be subdivided into stress zones Z1, Z2, Z3, etc., which are characterized by different degrees of air pollution.

• - eine Gefahrzone Z1 eines ersten Luftverschmutzungsgrades (Luftqualität ist lebensbedrohlich),
• - eine Risikozone Z2 eines zweiten Luftverschmutzungsgrades (Luftqualität ist kritisch),
• - eine Sicherheitszone Z3 eines dritten Luftverschmutzungsgrades (Luftqualität ist unkritisch und/oder überlebensgeeignet), usw.

When determining stress zones Z1, Z2, Z3, the area BU affected by the accident situation can be divided into at least three or more zones:

• - a danger zone Z1 of a first degree of air pollution (air quality is life-threatening),
• - a risk zone Z2 of a second degree of air pollution (air quality is critical),
• - a security zone Z3 of a third degree of air pollution (air quality is not critical and/or suitable for survival), etc.

An air quality map K can preferably be created from the area BU affected by the accident situation, which is similar to that in FIG 1 shown can be mapped. The air quality map K can show the load zones Z1, Z2, Z3 and thus the air quality locally.

In addition, the air quality map K can represent an air quality gradient field, e.g. with shading and/or symbols, such as e.g. B. arrows, which can resolve the air quality spatially and temporally. An air quality gradient field is not shown in the figures for reasons of simplicity only.

The air quality can advantageously be determined and/or predicted in a predictive manner in order to take certain developments, tendencies and/or forecasts for the air quality into account when planning the escape route R.

In the example of 1 For example, the escape exit marked above as the safer area BS can be preferred to the escape exit marked below, since in the accident situation shown there tends to be a smoke outlet to the left and downwards.

The escape route R can include at least a section that the user will complete on foot.

However, it is also possible for the vehicle 10 to drive through at least a section of the escape route R. This may be beneficial in the event that the vehicle 10 is initially located in zone Z1 with life-threatening air quality. In this case, it can be advantageous if the vehicle 10 first drives to such a location, e.g. to zone Z3 with a survivable air quality, from where the user can safely leave the vehicle 10 and from there follow the rest of the escape route R foot can accomplish.

Advantageously, several escape routes R can be created and compared. In this way, the escape route R can be selected and/or proposed to the user B, which leads along the route via the pollution zones Z1, Z2, Z3 with the lowest possible degrees of pollution.

A safe area BS can be understood to mean an area outside of the area BU affected by the accident situation. The safe area BS can in particular be selected in such a way that the air quality prevailing there entails no or no significant health risk for the user B of the vehicle 10 .

In an accident situation in a tunnel 100, the safe area can be determined as the escape exit BS from the tunnel 100.

The escape exits BS can also be sensed, for example by optical surroundings detection and image analysis methods.

Like it the 2 indicates, the escape exits BS can be illuminated by vehicle-side output devices 15, for example in the form of lighting devices, in order to make it easier to find the escape exits BS.

As already mentioned above, an air quality map K can be created with the aid of sensor information SI, which maps the load zones Z1, Z2, Z3 geographically. In closed areas such as B. in tunnels 100, it may be advantageous to obtain the sensor information SI from the tunnel's own air quality sensors S3.

Like it the 3 also indicates that when creating the air quality map K, the positions of the vehicles 10, 20 that supply the sensor information SI can be taken into account. The positions of the vehicles 10, 20 can be determined using GPS. If GPS is not available, such as in a tunnel 100, the tunnel equipment can be used, e.g. B. certain markings and / or light barriers L1, L2 to determine the positions of the vehicles 10, 20. However, other techniques for determining the positions of the vehicles 10, 20 can also be used which, for example, use the last available GPS positions and determine the current positions of the vehicles 10, 20 on the basis of speed profiles, revolutions per minute and/or odometer.

According to a further advantage, the vehicle 10 can communicate with the user B via all output devices 15 in order to visualize and/or verbalize the escape route R created. All technical systems are conceivable as output devices 15, e.g. B. a digital instrument cluster, a navigation device, a head-up display, speakers, headlights, lights, etc.

In addition, it can be advantageous if the escape exits BS are visualized using output devices 15 in the form of display devices (cf. 3 ) and/or using output devices lines 15 in the form of lighting devices such. B. headlights, lights, etc., of the vehicle 10 illuminated (cf. 2 ) become. Furthermore, the escape route R and/or the escape exits BS can be identified by arrow markings and/or distance displays.

If the vehicle 10 is in a non-critical area, the user B can be signaled that he can leave the vehicle 10 and should proceed along the created escape route R to the next escape opportunity.

If the vehicle 10 is in a critical area with critical pollutant values and/or a high air gradient area, the vehicle 10 can first, preferably autonomously, drive to a less critical area and only then signal the user that he can leave the vehicle and exit escape route R should end on foot.

After user B has been dropped off, vehicle 10 can drive away, preferably independently, in order to clear the way for other vehicles 20 and/or road users.

The vehicle 10 can preferably inform the other surrounding vehicles 20 about the detected sensor information SI and/or transmit the created air quality map K.

In addition, the vehicle 10 may provide assistance to passengers of other vehicles 20 to collect and evacuate occupants in critically located vehicles 20 .

• - Umschalten des Fahrzeugs 10 in einen Notfallbetriebsmodus, sodass das Verfahren zumindest zum Teil automatisiert durch das Fahrzeug 10 ausgeführt wird.

A further advantage can be provided:

• - Switching the vehicle 10 into an emergency operating mode, so that the method is executed at least in part automatically by the vehicle 10 .

A vehicle-side control device 12 can be used for this purpose.

• - Verriegeln von Fahrzeugtüren, bspw. mithilfe eines zentralen Verriegelungssystems,
• - Umschalten der Lüftung des Fahrzeuges 10 auf Umluft, bspw. mithilfe von Umluftklappen 17, die schematisch in der 3 gezeigt sind,
• - Erhöhen einer Frequenz bei dem Erfassen von Sensorinformationen SI, bspw. mithilfe von dem mindestens einen fahrzeugeigenen Luftqualitätssensor S1,
• - Alarmieren des Benutzers über die Unfallsituation, bspw. durch bestimmte Ausgabevorrichtungen 15 des Fahrzeuges 10,
• - Ausgeben der Fluchtroute R an den Benutzer, bspw. durch bestimmte Ausgabevorrichtungen 15 des Fahrzeuges 10,
• - Navigieren des Fahrzeuges 10 zumindest zum Teil entlang der Fluchtroute R, vorzugsweise autonom mithilfe der Steuervorrichtung 12 und/oder einer Lenkeinheit 16,
• - Informieren von anderen Verkehrsteilnehmern und/oder Infrastrukturteilnehmern über die Luftqualität außerhalb des Fahrzeuges 10, bspw. durch bestimmte Kommunikationsvorrichtungen 14,
• - Aussenden eines Notrufes, bspw. durch bestimmte Kommunikationsvorrichtungen 14,
• - Navigieren des Fahrzeuges 10 zum Abholen und/oder Evakuieren von betroffenen Verkehrsteilnehmern von weiteren Fahrzeugen 20 an einen sicheren Bereich BS, vorzugsweise autonom mithilfe der Steuervorrichtung 12 und/oder einer Lenkeinheit 16, und/oder
• - Navigieren des Fahrzeuges 10 aus dem Weg, der zum sicheren Bereich BS führt, nachdem der Benutzer des Fahrzeuges 10 und/oder weitere betroffene Verkehrsteilnehmer an einen sicheren Bereich BS geleitet wurden, vorzugsweise autonom mithilfe der Steuervorrichtung 12 und/oder einer Lenkeinheit 16.

At least one of the following actions can be carried out automatically with the aid of the vehicle 10 in an emergency operating mode:

• - locking vehicle doors, e.g. using a central locking system,
• - Switching the ventilation of the vehicle 10 to recirculation, eg. Using recirculation flaps 17, which are shown schematically in the 3 are shown
• - Increasing a frequency when detecting sensor information SI, e.g. using the at least one on-board air quality sensor S1,
• - Alerting the user about the accident situation, e.g. through certain output devices 15 of the vehicle 10,
• - Outputting the escape route R to the user, e.g. through certain output devices 15 of the vehicle 10,
• - navigating the vehicle 10 at least partially along the escape route R, preferably autonomously using the control device 12 and/or a steering unit 16,
• - Informing other road users and/or infrastructure users about the air quality outside the vehicle 10, e.g. through certain communication devices 14,
• - Sending out an emergency call, e.g. through certain communication devices 14,
• - Navigating the vehicle 10 to pick up and/or evacuate affected road users from other vehicles 20 to a safe area BS, preferably autonomously using the control device 12 and/or a steering unit 16, and/or
• - navigating the vehicle 10 out of the way leading to the safe area BS after the user of the vehicle 10 and/or other affected road users have been guided to a safe area BS, preferably autonomously using the control device 12 and/or a steering unit 16.

At the same time, it can be provided that the user B of the vehicle 10 can be allowed to switch off the emergency operating mode of the vehicle 10 and/or to actively override certain actions.

A corresponding computer program product for carrying out the method, which can run as described above, also represents an aspect of the invention.

A corresponding control device 12 also represents an aspect of the invention, having an arithmetic unit and a memory unit in which a code is stored which, when at least partially executed by the arithmetic unit, carries out a method as described above.

• - eine Erfassungsvorrichtung 11 zum Erfassen von Sensorinformationen SI über die Luftqualität außerhalb des Fahrzeuges 10, die mit sämtlichen Kommunikationsvorrichtungen 14 des Fahrzeuges 10 datentechnisch verbunden sein kann,
• - eine Steuervorrichtung 12 zum Durchführen eines Verfahrens, welches wie oben beschrieben ablaufen kann.

In addition, a corresponding vehicle 10 represents an aspect of the invention, comprising:

• - A detection device 11 for detecting sensor information SI on the air quality tät outside the vehicle 10, which can be technically connected to all communication devices 14 of the vehicle 10,
• - a control device 12 for carrying out a method which can run as described above.

• - mindestens einen fahrzeugeigenen Luftqualitätssensor S1, um die Luftqualität außerhalb des Fahrzeuges 10 zu vermessen,
• - mindestens eine Ausgabevorrichtung 15, um die Fluchtroute R an den Benutzer auszugeben, und/oder
• - mindestens eine Kommunikationsvorrichtung 14, insbesondere eine Kurzdistanz-Kommunikationseinheit, vorzugsweise eine WiMAX- Kommunikationseinheit, um die Sensorinformationen SI über die Luftqualität außerhalb des Fahrzeuges 10 zu empfangen und/oder zu senden.

Furthermore, the vehicle 10 can have:

• - At least one vehicle air quality sensor S1 to measure the air quality outside of the vehicle 10,
• - at least one output device 15 to output the escape route R to the user, and/or
• - At least one communication device 14, in particular a short-distance communication unit, preferably a WiMAX communication unit to receive the sensor information SI about the air quality outside the vehicle 10 and / or send.

The above description of the figures describes the present invention exclusively within the framework of examples. It goes without saying that individual features of the embodiments can be freely combined with one another, insofar as this makes technical sense, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Reference List

10

vehicle

11

detection device

12

control device

14

communication device

15

dispenser

16

steering unit

17

recirculation flaps

20

vehicle

100

infrastructure, tunnels

B.S

safe area, escape exit

BU

area affected by the accident situation

K

air quality map

L1

Photoelectric barrier

L2

Photoelectric barrier

R

escape route

S.I

sensor information

S1

air quality sensor

S2

air quality sensor

S3

air quality sensor

Z1

zone, danger zone

Z2

zone, risk zone

Z3

zone, safety zone

Claims (12)

A method for navigating a user of a vehicle (10) in an air pollution accident situation, comprising: - Collecting sensor information (SI) about the air quality outside the vehicle (10), - Determination of load zones (Z1, Z2, Z3) outside the vehicle (10) with different degrees of air pollution depending on the detected sensor information (SI), - Creation of an escape route (R) for the user of the vehicle (10), at least part of which can be walked on foot, depending on the specific load zones (Z1, Z2, Z3), so that the escape route (R) guides the user of the vehicle (10) from an area (BU) affected by the accident situation through selected stress zones (Z1, Z2, Z3) with specific degrees of pollution to a safe area (BS). procedure after claim 1 , wherein when sensor information (SI) is recorded, sensor values are obtained and/or queried from at least one of the following air quality sensors: - at least one on-board air quality sensor (S1), - at least one on-board air quality sensor (S2) from at least one other vehicle (20), - at least one vehicle-external air quality sensor (S3) of at least one infrastructure (100). procedure after claim 1 or 2 , whereby when determining stress zones (Z1, Z2, Z3), the area (BU) affected by the accident situation is divided into at least three zones: - a danger zone (Z1) with a first degree of air pollution, - a risk zone (Z2) with a second degree of air pollution, - a safety zone (Z3) of a third degree of air pollution, etc. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, the method further comprising: - Determining a position of the vehicle (10) in order to assign sensor values from at least one on-board air quality sensor (S1) to the position of the vehicle (10). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the method further comprises: - creating an air quality map (K) of the area (BU) affected by the accident situation, which depicts the stress zones (Z1, Z2, Z3) outside the vehicle (10) with different degrees of air pollution , wherein in particular the air quality map (K) has an air quality gradient field, wherein the air quality gradient field preferably resolves the air quality spatially and temporally. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the escape route (R) has a section to be traveled by the vehicle (10), in particular the section serves to navigate the vehicle (10) to the location in the area (BU) affected by the accident situation where the air quality is acceptable from a health perspective or is expected to be acceptable at the time of arrival and from which the user can follow the escape route (R) can continue on foot. Method according to one of the preceding claims, the method further comprising: - Switching the vehicle (10) into an emergency operating mode, so that the method is carried out at least partially automatically by the vehicle (10), and/or wherein at least one of the following actions is automatically carried out by the vehicle (10) in an emergency operating mode: - locking vehicle doors, - switching the ventilation of the vehicle (10) to recirculation, - increasing a frequency when acquiring sensor information, - alerting the user about the accident situation, - Outputting the escape route (R) to the user, - navigating the vehicle (10) at least partially along the escape route (R), - informing other road users and/or infrastructure users about the air quality outside the vehicle (10), - sending out an emergency call, - Navigating the vehicle (10) to pick up and/or evacuate affected road users from other vehicles (20) to a safe area (BS), and/or - navigating the vehicle (10) out of the path leading to the Safe Area (BS) after directing the user of the vehicle (10) and/or other affected road users to a Safe Area (BS), and/or having an emergency mode of operation of the vehicle (10) can be at least partially deactivated by an active oversteer by the user of the vehicle (10). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the escape route (R) is output to the user by at least one of the following actions: - displaying the escape route (R) on a display device of the vehicle (10), - Announcement of the escape route (R) by an acoustic device of the vehicle (10), - Generating light spots outside the vehicle (10) in order to at least partially illuminate the escape route (R) and/or the safe area (BS). Computer program product, comprising instructions which, when the computer program product is executed by a computer, cause it to carry out the method according to the preceding claim. Control device (12), having an arithmetic unit and a memory unit, in which a code is stored which, when at least partially executed by the arithmetic unit, implements a method according to one of the preceding Claims 1 until 8th performs. Vehicle (10), comprising: - a detection device (11) for detecting sensor information (SI) about the air quality outside the vehicle (10), - a control device (12) for performing a method according to one of the preceding ones Claims 1 until 8th . Vehicle (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein at least one vehicle air quality sensor (S1) is provided to measure the air quality outside the vehicle (10), and/or wherein at least one output device (15) is provided to output the escape route (R) to the user, and/or wherein at least one communication device (14), in particular a short-distance communication unit, preferably a WiMAX communication unit, is provided in order to receive and/or send the sensor information (SI) about the air quality outside the vehicle (10).

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