DE102021210731A1 - Adhesive tape and method for wrapping elongate goods, in particular cables - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an adhesive tape for the sheathing of elongate goods, such as in particular lines or cable sets, comprising a tape-shaped carrier in which a curable adhesive is present on at least one side, characterized in that the adhesive tape is also coated on at least one side of the tape-shaped carrier with a Pressure-sensitive adhesive is provided.

Description

The invention relates to an adhesive tape for encasing elongate items, in particular lines or cable harnesses, comprising a band-shaped carrier which is provided with a curable adhesive on at least one side, and a method for encapsulating elongate items, in particular cable harnesses.

Adhesive tapes have been used in industry for the manufacture of cable harnesses for some time. The adhesive tapes are used for bundling a large number of electrical lines before installation or in an already assembled state, for example to reduce the space requirement of the line bundle by bandaging and to achieve additional protective functions such as protection against mechanical and/or thermal stress. Common forms of adhesive tapes include film or textile backings, which are generally coated on one side with PSAs. Adhesive tapes for wrapping elongate goods are, for example, from DE 10 2013 213 726 A1 , the EP 1 848 006 A2 and the EP 2 497 805 A1 known.

Current tape-wrapped wiring harnesses are typically flexible. However, this is often undesirable for manufacturing reasons. In production, the cable harnesses are usually prefabricated into a cable plan and then inserted into the object to be fitted, such as an automobile. A cable harness plan corresponds to the actual spatial arrangement of the individual cable harnesses in the cable harness, i.e. it shows which cable harness is bent at which point and at what angle, where the positions of branches or connections are and which plugs are used at the ends of the cable harnesses.

In order to keep the individual strands of the wiring harness in a certain shape so that they can be routed around the engine in the engine compartment, for example, without coming into contact with the engine, injection molded parts are usually subsequently attached to the wiring harness wrapped with adhesive tape. However, these injection-molded parts have the disadvantage that additional material and assembly costs are incurred.

In the publications DE 10 2019 211 178 A1 , DE 10 2019 210 708 A1 or DE 10 2019 206 929 A1 each discloses a method for encasing elongate goods, such as in particular lines or cable harnesses, in which the elongate goods are wrapped in an adhesive tape with a curable adhesive applied thereto in a helix or in an axial direction, and the adhesive applied to the adhesive tape is activated and cured.

A disadvantage of these adhesive tapes is that they only contain a curable adhesive as the obligatory adhesive component. In some cases, curable adhesives do not have sufficient tack and adhesion to the item to be coated, which makes positioning and processing the adhesive tape more difficult. Furthermore, curable adhesives frequently lose (instantaneous) tack during activation, so that the positioning can be lost after curing. Vibration also makes positioning difficult, so that sufficient shaping and protection of the wire harness cannot be ensured.

These problems also arise when using an adhesive tape that uses a curable pressure-sensitive adhesive as the adhesive, as in the DE 10 2019 103 120 A1 is revealed. In addition, such adhesives, and thus also the corresponding adhesive tapes, are very expensive.

Adhesive tapes are therefore desirable that enable positioning and simplified processing by still offering sufficiently high adhesive strength on the substrate after activation.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an adhesive tape for wrapping elongate goods which eliminates the disadvantages described above and meets the requirements described above. The object of the present invention is also to provide a method for the sheathing of elongate goods and a product obtainable with the method.

This problem is solved by an adhesive tape as described in the independent claim. The subclaims relate to advantageous developments of the subject of the invention. Further the invention includes a method for wrapping elongate goods with the adhesive tape and a product obtainable with the method.

Accordingly, the invention relates to an adhesive tape of the type mentioned at the outset, comprising a tape-like backing in which a curable adhesive is present on at least one side, the adhesive tape also being provided with a pressure-sensitive adhesive on at least one side of the tape-like backing. The curable adhesive is preferably applied to only one side of the backing. The PSA can then be applied both to the side of the curable adhesive and to the other side of the strip-shaped backing of the adhesive tape, or to both sides.

In one variant of the invention, there is a layer of a curable adhesive on both sides of the backing. One or two layers of a pressure-sensitive adhesive are present on at least one exposed side of the layers made of the curable adhesive or on both exposed sides of the layers made of the curable adhesive.

Since the pressure-sensitive adhesive has good tack and good adhesion to the item to be coated, even after activation of the curable adhesive of the adhesive tape, the positioning and processing of the adhesive tape is made considerably easier. For example, the positioning of the adhesive tape can be corrected if it was not done correctly immediately. Furthermore, the positioning is retained and cannot slip if the curable adhesive mass has lost its (immediate) adhesive strength after activation. As a result, any vibration does not disturb the positioning. Adequate shaping and good protection of the wiring harness is ensured.

The adhesive tape is particularly preferably provided with a curable adhesive on one side of the tape-like backing, and a layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to the curable adhesive, specifically to the surface of the curable adhesive opposite the backing. In this way, the pressure-sensitive adhesive is in direct contact with the item to be coated when it is applied and is particularly good at ensuring an adhesive connection to the item that persists even after the curable adhesive has cured. Slipping of the adhesive tape on the item to be wrapped can thus be safely avoided.

If the curable adhesive does not cover the entire surface, it is also possible for the layer of PSA to be applied directly to the backing and for the partially applied curable adhesive to be present on the PSA.

Also possible is an embodiment of the invention in which the curable adhesive and the pressure-sensitive adhesive are partially applied to the same side of the backing, specifically in particular in such a way that the two layers of adhesive do not overlap at any point on the backing. In other words, pressure-sensitive adhesive is coated in the areas on the backing not provided with the curable adhesive, and vice versa. The surface of the backing is preferably 100% coated with adhesive.

• - Aluminiumfolie, insbesondere mit einer Dicke von 15 bis 100 µm
• - Kupferfolie, insbesondere mit einer Dicke von 10 bis 80 µm
• - Edelstahlfolie, insbesondere mit einer Dicke von 10 bis 60 µm
• - Schichtlaminate aus einer Kunststofffolie mit einer Dicke zwischen 20 und 50 µm, insbesondere 36 µm, und einer metallischen Oberfläche mit einer Dicke zwischen 15 und 25 µm, insbesondere 20 µm
• - Schichtlaminate aus einem Papier und metallischen Oberfläche

When using reactive, curable components, there is often the problem that they have sensitizing properties. If the pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied directly to the curable adhesive as a barrier layer, the user can be protected from any reactions that may occur on contact with the curable adhesive. Barrier layers, for example films made of PET, PP or PE, can further improve the barrier effect to migrating components. The effects of the barrier layers are further improved by metallization or one (or optionally more) metal layer(s). Silver, copper, gold, platinum, aluminum and aluminum compounds, tin, nichrome, stainless steel, titanium, metal oxides such as tin oxides, zinc oxides, magnesium oxides, preferably aluminum, can be selected as metals for the metal foil. This enumeration is not to be regarded as exhaustive, but rather the person skilled in the art can select further metal layers that are not explicitly mentioned here, without departing from the idea of the invention. The following metallic layers are mentioned as examples:

• - Aluminum foil, in particular with a thickness of 15 to 100 µm
• - Copper foil, in particular with a thickness of 10 to 80 µm
• - Stainless steel foil, in particular with a thickness of 10 to 60 µm
• - Layer laminates made of a plastic film with a thickness between 20 and 50 microns, especially 36 microns, and a metallic surface with a thickness between 15 and 25 microns, especially 20 microns
• - Layered laminates of a paper and metallic surface

Furthermore, papers, nonwovens, woven fabrics and other web-like carrier materials can also have a sufficiently high barrier effect to be used as a barrier layer.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, a layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive is also applied to that side of the tape-shaped backing which is remote from the curable adhesive. This enables a particularly good connection of the adhesive tape to the item to be sheathed, which particularly reliably prevents the adhesive tape from slipping even after the curable adhesive composition has cured.

If a pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to both sides of the backing, it can be the same pressure-sensitive adhesive or different pressure-sensitive adhesives. Furthermore, the term “a pressure-sensitive adhesive” is to be understood as meaning that it is at least one pressure-sensitive adhesive. A PSA will usually be applied in each case. However, it is also possible for a number of different pressure-sensitive adhesives to be used on one side if, for example, various additional properties are required and are to be covered.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the elongate item is a cable harness that comprises a bundle of several cables, such as 3 to 1000 cables, preferably 10 to 500 cables, in particular between 50 and 300 cables.

The pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive, ie an adhesive which allows a permanent connection to almost all substrates even under relatively light pressure and can be detached again from the substrate after use essentially without leaving any residue. At room temperature, a pressure-sensitive adhesive has a permanently tacky effect, ie it has a sufficiently low viscosity and high initial tack, so that it wets the surface of the respective substrate even with little contact pressure. The bondability of the adhesive is based on its adhesive properties and its redetachability on its cohesive properties.

Pressure-sensitive adhesives such as those described in the published European patent applications EP 2 520 627 A1, EP 2 522 705 A1, EP 2 520 628 A1 , EP 2 695 926 A1 , EP 2 520 629 A1 and EP 3 433 330 A1 described, to which reference is made here.

• • 5 bis 25 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 10 bis 22 Gew.-% Ethylen,
• • 30 bis 69 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 40 bis 60 Gew.-% Alkylacrylester mit C₄- bis C₁₂-Alkylresten,
• • 20 bis 55 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 28 bis 38 Gew.-% Vinylacetat,
• • 0 bis 10 Gew.-% anderer ethylenisch ungesättigter Verbindungen,

wobei die Haftklebemasse zwischen 15 und 100 Gewichtsteile eines Klebrigmachers (bezogen auf die Masse der getrockneten Polymerdispersion) enthält, wie in EP 2 520 627 A1 beschrieben. Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei dem Alkylacrylatester um n-Butylacrylat und/oder 2-Ethylhexyl-acrylat. Andere ethylenisch ungesättigte Verbindungen umfassen Alkyl(meth)acrylate, bevorzugt C₁- bis C₂₀-Alkyl(meth)acrylate mit Ausnahme der die Alkylacrylester mit C₄- bis C₁₂-Alkylresten bildenden Monomere, aromatische Vinylmonomere wie Styrol, α-Methylstyrol und Vinyltoluol, C₁- bis C₁₀-Hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate wie insbesondere Hydroxyethyl- oder Hydroxypropyl-(meth)acrylat, Vinylester aus bis zu 20 Kohlenstoffatomen enthaltenden Carbonsäuren wie Vinyllaurat, Vinylether aus bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen enthaltenden Alkoholen wie Vinylmethylether oder Vinylisobutylether, Vinylhalogenide wie Vinylchlorid oder Vinylidendichlorid, Säureamide wie Acrylamid oder Methacrylamid und ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffe mit 3 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen wie Propen, Butadien, Isopren, 1-Hexen oder 1-Octen oder deren Mischungen. Darüber hinaus kann dem Polymer als Monomer weiterhin vorteilhafterweise ein di- oder mehrfunktionelles Monomer zugesetzt sein, und zwar vorzugsweise zu 0 bis 2 Gew.-% und besonders vorzugsweise zu 0 bis 1 Gew.-%. Beispiele für mehrfunktionale ethylenisch ungesättigte Monomere (e) sind Divinylbenzol, Alkyldiacrylate wie 1,2-Ethylenglykoldiacrylat, 1,4-Butandioldiacrylat, 1,6-Hexandioldiacrylat, 1,8-Octandioldiacrylat oder 1,12-Dodecandioldiacrylat, Triacrylate wie Trimethylolpropantri-acrylat und Tetraacrylate wie Pentaerythritoltetraacrylat. Die Polymerdispersion wird hergestellt durch das Verfahren der Emulsionspolymerisation der genannten Komponenten. Besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsformen und ausführliche Beschreibungen der Einsatzstoffe sowie der Herstellungsverfahren findet man in EP 0 017 986 B1 sowie EP 0 185 356 B1 .According to a first embodiment, the PSA is in the form of a dried polymer dispersion, the polymer being composed of:

• • 5 to 25% by weight, preferably 10 to 22% by weight, of ethylene,
• • 30 to 69% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, of alkyl acrylic esters with C ₄ - to C ₁₂ -alkyl radicals,
• • 20 to 55% by weight, preferably 28 to 38% by weight, of vinyl acetate,
• • 0 to 10% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated compounds,

where the PSA contains between 15 and 100 parts by weight of a tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion), as described in EP 2 520 627 A1. The alkyl acrylate ester is preferably n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate. Other ethylenically unsaturated compounds include alkyl (meth)acrylates, preferably C ₁ - to C ₂₀ -alkyl (meth) acrylates with the exception of the monomers forming the alkyl acrylic esters with C ₄ - to C ₁₂ -alkyl radicals, aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene, α-methylstyrene and Vinyl toluene, C ₁ - to C ₁₀ -hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates such as in particular hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, vinyl esters from carboxylic acids containing up to 20 carbon atoms such as vinyl laurate, vinyl ethers from alcohols containing up to 10 carbon atoms such as vinyl methyl ether or vinyl isobutyl ether, Vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride or vinylidene dichloride, acid amides such as acrylamide or methacrylamide and unsaturated hydrocarbons having 3 to 8 carbon atoms such as propene, butadiene, isoprene, 1-hexene or 1-octene, or mixtures thereof. In addition, a difunctional or polyfunctional monomer can also advantageously be added to the polymer as a monomer, preferably in an amount of 0 to 2% by weight and particularly preferably in an amount of 0 to 1% by weight. Examples of polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomers (e) are divinylbenzene, alkyl diacrylates such as 1,2-ethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,8-octanediol diacrylate or 1,12-dodecanediol diacrylate, triacrylates such as trimethylolpropane triacrylate and tetraacrylates such as pentaerythritol tetraacrylate. The polymer dispersion is prepared by the process of emulsion polymerization of the components mentioned. Especially preferred Embodiments and detailed descriptions of the materials used and the manufacturing processes can be found in EP 0 017 986 B1 such as EP 0 185 356 B1 .

1. (a) 90 bis 99 Gew.-% n-Butylacrylat und/oder 2-Ethylhexylacrylat, bevorzugt 2-Ethylhexylacrylat,
2. (b) 0 bis 10 Gew.-% eines ethylenisch ungesättigten Monomers mit einer Säure- oder Säureanhydridfunktion,
3. (c) 10 bis 1 Gew.-% eines oder mehreren von (a) und (b) verschiedenen ethylenisch ungesättigten monofunktionellen Monomeren, wie Acrylnitril und/oder Methacrylnitril,
4. (d) 0 bis 1 Gew.-% eines di- oder mehrfunktionellen Monomers,

wobei die Haftklebemasse zwischen 15 und 100 Gewichtsteile eines Klebrigmachers (bezogen auf die Masse der getrockneten Polymerdispersion) enthält, wie in EP 2 522 705 A1 beschrieben. Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst also eine Mischung aus 2-Ethylhexylacrylat als Monomer (a) und Acrylnitril als Monomer (c). Als Monomer (b) kommen vorteilhaft in Betracht zum Beispiel Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure, Itaconsäure, Maleinsäure, Fumarsäure und/oder Maleinsäureanhydrid. Bevorzugt sind Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure, gegebenenfalls die Mischung aus beiden. Beispiele für mehrfunktionale ethylenisch ungesättigte Monomere (d) sind Divinylbenzol, Alkyldiacrylate wie 1,2-Ethylenglykoldiacrylat, 1,4-Butandioldiacrylat, 1,6-Hexandiol-diacrylat, 1,8-Octandioldiacrylat oder 1,12-Dodecandiol-diacrylat, Triacrylate wie Trimethylolpropantriacrylat und Tetraacrylate wie Pentaerythritoltetraacrylat. Die Polymerdispersion wird hergestellt durch das Verfahren der Emulsionspolymerisation der genannten Komponenten. Beschreibungen dieses Verfahrens werden zum Beispiel gegeben in der EP 1 378 527 B1 beschrieben.According to a further embodiment, the PSA is in the form of a dried polymer dispersion, the polymer being composed of:

1. (a) 90 to 99% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, preferably 2-ethylhexyl acrylate,
2. (b) 0 to 10% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function,
3. (c) 10 to 1% by weight of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monofunctional monomers different from (a) and (b), such as acrylonitrile and/or methacrylonitrile,
4. (d) 0 to 1% by weight of a di- or more functional monomer,

where the PSA contains between 15 and 100 parts by weight of a tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion), as described in EP 2 522 705 A1. A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention thus comprises a mixture of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate as monomer (a) and acrylonitrile as monomer (c). Examples of advantageous monomer (b) are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and/or maleic anhydride. Acrylic acid or methacrylic acid are preferred, optionally the mixture of both. Examples of polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomers (d) are divinylbenzene, alkyl diacrylates such as 1,2-ethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,8-octanediol diacrylate or 1,12-dodecanediol diacrylate, triacrylates such as trimethylolpropane triacrylate and tetraacrylates such as pentaerythritol tetraacrylate. The polymer dispersion is prepared by the process of emulsion polymerization of the components mentioned. Descriptions of this method are given, for example, in US Pat EP 1 378 527 B1 described.

1. (a) 40 bis 90 Gew.-% n-Butylacrylat und/oder 2-Ethylhexylacrylat, bevorzugt 2-Ethylhexylacrylat
2. (b) 2-Ethylhexylacrylat, 0 bis 10 Gew.-% eines ethylenisch ungesättigten Monomers mit einer Säure- oder Säureanhydridfunktion,
3. (c) 60 bis 10 Gew.-% eines oder mehreren von (a) und (b) verschiedenen ethylenisch ungesättigten monofunktionellen Monomeren,
4. (d) 0 bis 1 Gew.-% eines di- oder mehrfunktionellen Monomers,

wobei die Haftklebemasse zwischen 15 und 100 Gewichtsteile eines Klebrigmachers (bezogen auf die Masse der getrockneten Polymerdispersion) enthält, wie in EP 2 520 628 A1 beschrieben. Als Monomer (b) kommen vorteilhaft in Betracht zum Beispiel Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure, Itaconsäure, Maleinsäure, Fumarsäure und/oder Maleinsäureanhydrid. Bevorzugt sind Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure, gegebenenfalls die Mischung aus beiden. Unter Monomere (c) fallen Alkyl(meth)acrylate, bevorzugt C₁- bis C₂₀-Alkyl(meth)acrylate mit Ausnahme der (a) bildenden Monomere, aromatische Vinylmonomere wie Styrol, α-Methylstyrol und Vinyltoluol, C₁- bis C₁₀-Hydroxyalkyl-(meth)acrylate wie insbesondere Hydroxyethyl- oder Hydroxy-propyl(meth)acrylat, Vinylester aus bis zu 20 Kohlenstoffatomen enthaltenden Carbonsäuren wie Vinylacetat oder Vinyllaurat, Vinylether aus bis zu 10 Kohlenstoffatomen enthaltenden Alkoholen wie Vinylmethylether oder Vinylisobutylether, Vinylhalogenide wie Vinylchlorid oder Vinylidendichlorid, Säureamide wie Acrylamid oder Methacrylamid und ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffe mit 2 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen wie Ethylen, Propen, Butadien, Isopren, 1-Hexen oder 1-Octen. Erfindungsgemäß besonders bevorzugt ist Ethylacrylat. Beispiele für mehrfunktionale ethylenisch ungesättigte Monomere (d) sind Divinylbenzol, Alkyldiacrylate wie 1,2-Ethylenglykoldiacrylat, 1,4-Butandioldiacrylat, 1,6-Hexandioldiacrylat, 1,8-Octandioldiacrylat oder 1,12-Dodecandioldiacrylat, Triacrylate wie Trimethylolpropantriacrylat und Tetraacrylate wie Pentaerythritoltetraacrylat. Die Polymerdispersion wird hergestellt durch das Verfahren der Emulsionspolymerisation der genannten Komponenten. Ausführungen dieses Verfahrens werden zum Beispiel in der EP 1 378 527 B1 beschrieben.According to a further embodiment, the PSA is in the form of a dried polymer dispersion, the polymer being composed of:

1. (a) 40 to 90% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, preferably 2-ethylhexyl acrylate
2. (b) 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 0 to 10% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function,
3. (c) 60 to 10% by weight of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monofunctional monomers different from (a) and (b),
4. (d) 0 to 1% by weight of a di- or more functional monomer,

wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition contains between 15 and 100 parts by weight of a tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymer dispersion), as in EP 2 520 628 A1 described. Examples of advantageous monomer (b) are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and/or maleic anhydride. Acrylic acid or methacrylic acid are preferred, optionally the mixture of both. Monomers (c) include alkyl (meth)acrylates, preferably C ₁ - to C ₂₀ -alkyl (meth)acrylates with the exception of the (a) forming monomers, aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene, α-methylstyrene and vinyl toluene, C ₁ - to C ₁₀ -Hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as in particular hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids containing up to 20 carbon atoms such as vinyl acetate or vinyl laurate, vinyl ethers of alcohols containing up to 10 carbon atoms such as vinyl methyl ether or vinyl isobutyl ether, vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride or vinylidene dichloride, acid amides such as acrylamide or methacrylamide and unsaturated hydrocarbons having 2 to 8 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propene, butadiene, isoprene, 1-hexene or 1-octene. Ethyl acrylate is particularly preferred according to the invention. Examples of polyfunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomers (d) are divinylbenzene, alkyl diacrylates such as 1,2-ethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,8-octanediol diacrylate or 1,12-dodecanediol diacrylate, triacrylates such as trimethylolpropane triacrylate and tetraacrylates such as pentaerythritol tetraacrylate. The polymer dispersion is prepared by the process of emulsion polymerization of the components mentioned. This method is explained, for example, in EP 1 378 527 B1 described.

1. (a) monomeren Acrylaten und optional
2. (b) ethylenisch ungesättigten Comonomeren, die keine Acrylate sind,

wobei die Haftklebemasse zwischen 15 und 100 Gewichtsteile eines Klebrigmachers (bezogen auf die Masse der getrockneten polymeren Dispersion) enthält, wie in EP 2 695 926 A1 beschrieben.According to a further embodiment, the pressure-sensitive adhesive is in the form of a dried and electron beam (ESH) crosslinked polymeric acrylate dispersion, in particular an aqueous acrylate dispersion, preferably with a gel value of greater than or equal to 40%, determined by means of Soxhlet extraction, the polymeric acrylate dispersion comprising polymers that are built up are made

1. (a) monomeric acrylates and optional
2. (b) ethylenically unsaturated comonomers that are not acrylates,

wherein the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition contains between 15 and 100 parts by weight of a tackifier (based on the mass of the dried polymeric dispersion), as in EP 2 695 926 A1 described.

According to a further embodiment, the PSA has a shear viscosity at a temperature of 25° C. during the coating from dispersion of 200 to 100,000 Pa*s at a shear rate of 10 ^-2 s ^-1 and from 0.1 to 10 Pa*s at a Shear rate of 100 s ^-1 . The pressure-sensitive adhesive preferably consists of an aqueous acrylate dispersion, ie a polyacrylic ester finely dispersed in water and having pressure-sensitive adhesive properties as described, for example, in the Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Technology by D. Satas. Acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesives are typically free-radically polymerized copolymers of alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates of C ₁ - to C ₂₀ -alcohols such as methyl acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, iso-octyl (meth)acrylate, n-decyl (meth)acrylate, n-dodecyl (meth)acrylate, tetradecyl (meth)acrylate , lauryl (meth)acrylate, oleyl (meth)acrylate, palmityl (meth)acrylate and stearyl (meth)acrylate in addition to other (meth)acrylic acid esters such as isobornyl (meth)acrylate, benzyl (meth)acrylate, phenyl (meth) acrylate and 2-bromoethyl (meth)acrylate, alkoxy-alkyl (meth)acrylates such as ethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate. Also included are esters of ethylenically unsaturated di- and tricarboxylic acids and anhydrides, such as ethyl maleate, dimethyl fumarate and ethyl methyl itaconate. Also falling vinyl aromatic monomers such as styrene, vinyl toluene, methyl styrene, n-butyl styrene, decyl styrene including, as in the EP 2 520 629 A1 described.

1. (a) 95,0 bis 100,0 Gew.-% n-Butylacrylat und/oder 2-Ethylhexylacrylat und
2. (b) 0,0 bis 5,0 Gew.-% eines ethylenisch ungesättigten Monomers mit einer Säure- oder Säureanhydridfunktion, wie in der EP 2 433 330 A1 beschrieben.

According to a further embodiment, the PSA is in the form of a dried polymer dispersion, the polymer being composed of:

1. (a) 95.0 to 100.0% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and
2. (b) 0.0 to 5.0% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function as in EP 2 433 330 A1 described.

Preferably, the polymer consists of 95.0 to 99.5% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 0.5 to 5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function, more preferably 98 .0 to 99.0% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 1.0 to 2.0% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function. In addition to the acrylate polymers listed, tackifiers and/or additives, such as light stabilizers or antiaging agents, can also be added to the PSA in addition to any residual monomers present. In particular, no further polymers such as elastomers are present in the pressure-sensitive adhesive, which means that the polymers of the pressure-sensitive adhesive consist only of the monomers (a) and (b) in the specified proportions.

1. (a) 97,0 bis 98,0 Gew.-% n-Butylacrylat und/oder 2-Ethylhexylacrylat,
2. (b) 2,0 bis 3,0 Gew.-% eines ethylenisch ungesättigten Monomers mit einer Säure- oder Säureanhydrid-funktion.

According to a further embodiment, the pressure-sensitive adhesive is in the form of a dried polymer dispersion, the polymer being composed of:

1. (a) 97.0 to 98.0% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate,
2. (b) 2.0 to 3.0% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acid or acid anhydride function.

Preferably, the polymer consists of 97.2 to 97.7% by weight of n-butyl acrylate and/or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, preferably n-butyl acrylate, and 2.3 to 2.8% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer with an acid - or acid anhydride function. Examples of advantageous monomer (b) are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and/or maleic anhydride.

According to a further embodiment, the PSAs are free of crosslinkers. “Crosslinker-free” for the purposes of this invention means that no compounds capable of crosslinking are added to the PSA. As used herein, the term crosslinker refers to chemical compounds that are capable of linking molecular chains together to form three-dimensional crosslinked structures from the two-dimensional structures via the formation of intermolecular bridges. Crosslinkers are those - in particular bi- or polyfunctional, usually low molecular weight - compounds which, under the selected crosslinking conditions, can react with suitable - in particular functional - groups of the polymers to be crosslinked, thus linking two or more polymers or polymer sites together ("bridges") and thus a network of the polymer to be crosslinked or to crosslink create the polymer. This usually leads to an increase in cohesion. Typical examples of crosslinkers are chemical compounds that have two or more identical or different functional groups within the molecule or at the two ends of the molecule and can consequently crosslink molecules of the same or else different structures with one another. In addition, a crosslinker can react with the reactive monomer or reactive resin, as defined above, without actual polymerization occurring. In contrast to the activator, as described above, a crosslinker can be built into the polymer network.

It is furthermore particularly preferred that the pressure-sensitive adhesive is not curable, ie the adhesive tape consists of at least two layers of adhesive with different properties, on the one hand a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and on the other hand a curable adhesive layer.

With regard to the curable adhesive, it is particularly preferred that it can be activated by means of radiation energy, thermal energy, moisture or pressure.

According to one embodiment, a structural adhesive (construction adhesive, assembly adhesive) is used as the curable adhesive (see Rompp, Georg Thieme Verlag, document identifier RD-19-04489, last update: September 2012). According to DIN EN 923: 2006-01, structural adhesives are adhesives that form adhesive bonds that can maintain a specified strength in a structure for a specified longer period of time (according to the ASTM definition: "bonding agents used for transferring required loads between adherends exposed to service environments typical for the structure involved'). They are therefore adhesives for chemically and physically highly stressable bonds which, when cured, contribute to the strengthening of the bonded substrates and are used to manufacture structures made of metal, ceramics, concrete, wood or reinforced plastics. The structural adhesives according to the invention are based in particular on reactive adhesives (phenolic resins, epoxy resins, polyimides, polyurethanes and others).

After curing, the curable adhesive composition can be elastic in order to ensure a durable covering that is insensitive to vibrations and torsion.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, a thermally curable, meltable adhesive is used as the curable adhesive composition, comprising an epoxide-functionalized acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer having an average of more than 1.5 epoxide groups per molecule and the ground reaction product of phthalic anhydride and diethylenetriamine, as is dissolved in DE 10 2019 211 178 A1 is described.

For example, Acrodur® 950 L from BASF SE, a formaldehyde-free resin solution with about 30% solids content of modified polyacrylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol, can be used.

It is also possible to use such formaldehyde-free resin solutions with a solids content of more than 10%, preferably more than 25%, of modified polyacrylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol.

• • 15 bis 50 Gewichtsteile Matrixpolymer;
• • 50 bis 85 Gewichtsteile Epoxidharz;
• • 0,1 bis 3 Gewichtsteile Photoinitiator,

wobei das Matrixpolymer einen selbsttragenden Film bildet, in dem Epoxidharz und Photoinitiator eingebettet sind, wobei als Klebschicht folgende Varianten Einsatz finden können:

1. a) nur die UV-härtbare Zusammensetzung als Monoschicht
2. b) eine Mischung aus der UV-härtbaren Zusammensetzung und einem selbstklebenden Haftklebstoff
3. c) ein Mehrschichtaufbau aus UV-härtbarer Zusammensetzung und selbstklebendem Haftklebstoff

According to a further embodiment, a UV-curable composition can be used as the curable adhesive, for example, comprising, based on the total weight of the composition:

• • 15 to 50 parts by weight matrix polymer;
• • 50 to 85 parts by weight epoxy resin;
• • 0.1 to 3 parts by weight photoinitiator,

where the matrix polymer forms a self-supporting film in which epoxy resin and photoinitiator are embedded, where the following variants can be used as the adhesive layer:

1. a) only the UV-curable composition as a monolayer
2. b) a mixture of the UV-curable composition and a pressure-sensitive adhesive
3. c) a multilayer structure of UV-curable composition and self-adhesive pressure-sensitive adhesive

The matrix polymer is preferably selected from the group consisting of styrene copolymers, acrylate copolymers, methacrylate copolymers, thermoplastic polyurethanes, copolyesters, copolyamides and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and mixtures thereof.

A single epoxy resin or a mixture of epoxy resins can be used as the epoxy resin(s) of the UV-curable composition. In principle, epoxy resins that are liquid at room temperature or epoxy resins that are solid at room temperature or mixtures thereof can be used.

Examples, without intending to be limiting, are 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3',4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (EEC) and derivatives, dicyclopenadiene dioxide and derivatives, 3-ethyl-3-oxetanemethanol and derivatives, diglycidyl tetrahydrophthalate and derivatives, diglycidyl hexahydrophthalate and derivatives, 1,2-ethane diglycidyl ether and derivatives, 1,3-propane diglycidyl ether and derivatives, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and derivatives, higher 1,n-alkane diglycidyl ether and derivatives, bis[(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)methyl]adipate and derivatives, vinylcyclohexyl dioxide and derivatives, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol bis(3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate) and derivatives, diglycidyl 4,5-epoxytetrahydrophthalate and derivatives, bis[1-ethyl(3-oxetanyl)methyl)ether and derivatives, Pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether and derivatives, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA), hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, hydrogenated bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, epoxy phenol novolaks, hydrogenated epoxy phenol novolak, Epoxycresol novolaks, hydrogenated epoxycresol novolaks, 2-(7-oxabicyclo;spiro[1,3-dioxane-5,3'-[7]oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane], 1,4-bis((2 ,3-epoxypropoxy)methyl)cyclohexanes.

Reactive resins can be used in their monomeric or also dimeric, trimeric, etc. up to their oligomeric form.

Preferably, one epoxy resin or at least one of the epoxy resins is a solid; in particular one with a softening point of at least 45 °C or one with a viscosity at 25 °C of at least 20 Pa*s, preferably at least 50 Pa*s, in particular at least 150 Pa*s (determined according to DIN 53019-1 at 25 °C and one of shear rate 1 s ^-1 ).

Furthermore, an epoxide-functionalized acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer with an average of more than 1.5 epoxide groups per molecule can also be used as the curable adhesive. Preferably, two epoxide groups are chemically attached per molecule. The chemical attachment generally takes place in such a way that a carboxyl-functionalized, mostly carboxyl-terminated copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene (CAS number: 68891-46-3) is assumed, which is either treated with a diepoxide, for example with bisphenol-A -diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) or with bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (DGEBF) or with a bisphenol A epichlorohydrin resin with average molar mass ≤700 g/mol (CAS number: 25068-38-6) or with a bisphenol F epichlorohydrin resin (CAS number: 9003-36-5) or reacted with epichlorohydrin. Carboxyl-terminated copolymers of acrylonitrile and butadiene are commercially available under the tradename Hypro® and the suffix CTBN from CVC/Emerald Performance Materials.

The epoxide-functionalized acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymers produced therefrom are also available from the same company under the trade name Hypro®- and have the ETBN suffix. They are also available from Schill+Seilacher under the trade name Struktol®-Polydis. The particularly advantageous types chain-extended with bisphenol A and bisphenol F are also available there under the same trade name, as are the epoxy-functionalized, pre-crosslinked nitrile rubbers that can also be used.

The reaction product of phthalic anhydride and diethylene triamine has the CAS number 68003-28-1. It is available in ground form under the tradename ARADUR® 9506 from Huntsman. The free diethylene triamine content is advantageously and according to the specification of ARADUR® 9506 between 1.0 and 5.0 percent by weight inclusive. The grain size is advantageous and according to the specification of ARADUR® 9506 at least 95 percent by weight smaller than or equal to 70 µm in diameter.

The epoxy-functionalized acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer having an average of more than 1.5 epoxy groups per molecule and the ground reaction product of phthalic anhydride and diethylenetriamine are advantageously present in the adhesive according to the invention in a defined ratio. This defined ratio is chosen so that the number of NH bonds in the ground reaction product phthalic anhydride and diethylenetriamine to the total number of epoxide groups is between 0.1 and 1.5 inclusive, preferably between 0.3 and 1.2 inclusive, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 0.9, with calculation of these ratios for the reaction product of phthalic anhydride and diethylene triamine is assumed to have a theoretical equivalent weight of 77.7 grams per mole of NH bonds.

The total thickness of the applied adhesive (curable adhesive or PSA) is advantageously between 20 μm and 500 μm, more advantageously between 30 μm and 250 μm, particularly advantageously between 40 μm and 100 μm.

Both adhesives, both the curable adhesive and the pressure-sensitive adhesive, are preferably applied over the entire area or partially to the backing or to the other adhesive in each case.

The coating can also take place in the form of one or more strips in the longitudinal direction (machine direction), optionally in the transverse direction, but in particular it is all-over. Furthermore, the adhesives can be applied in grid dot form by screen printing, in which case the adhesive dots can also be of different sizes and/or distributed differently, by gravure printing in webs connected longitudinally and transversely, by grid printing or by flexographic printing. The adhesive can be in the form of a dome (manufactured by screen printing) or else in another pattern such as a grid, stripes, or zigzag lines. Furthermore, it can also be sprayed on, for example, which results in a more or less irregular application pattern. The amount of adhesive applied should always be chosen so that the particular requirements made of the adhesives are met.

All known films and textile backings such as knitted fabrics, scrims, ribbons, braids, tufted textiles, felts, woven fabrics (including plain, twill and satin weaves), knitted fabrics (including warp knitted fabrics and knitted fabrics) or fleeces can be used as carriers, whereby "fleece" at least textile fabrics according to EN 29092 (1988) as well as stitch-bonded nonwovens and similar systems are to be understood. An adhesive tape in which a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or a knitted fabric is used as the backing is particularly advantageous. Such carriers are, for example, in WO 2015/004190 A1 described, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Stitch-bonded fabrics also include stitch-bonded fabrics, i.e. textile fabrics with one or more layer(s) of threads laid one on top of the other as the base material, which are strengthened by stitch formation of integrated knitting threads, for example florofol, pile thread-knitted fabrics, i.e. textile fabrics in which knitting threads are used as pile formed are bound into a base material by means of knitting, for example malipol and shot pile stitch-bonded fabrics, i.e. textile fabrics in which non-interlaced threads shaped as a pile are connected to a base material by knitting threads by means of knitting, for example shot pile.

Also preferred are nonwoven fabrics, ie textile fabrics that are produced without the use of threads by forming fiber meshes from the fiber fleece provided. These include fibrous nonwoven knitted fabrics, i.e. textile fabrics made of fibrous fleece with a reinforcing fibrous mesh side and one side with fibers arranged horizontally to the fibrous mesh layer, with fibers from the fibrous fleece being formed into fibrous meshes, for example Malivlies, pile fiber nonwoven knitted fabrics, i.e. textile fabrics made of fiber fleece with or without the use of a base material consisting of a fiber mesh side and a pile fiber side with fibers arranged almost perpendicularly to the fiber mesh layer, for example Voltex, Kunit or Maliknit, nonwoven knitted fabrics, i.e. textile fabrics made of a pile fiber nonwoven knitted fabric, from the pile fibers of which a second fiber mesh layer is formed , for example Multiknit or Optiknit.

The above definitions are taken from DIN 61211:2005-05.

Furthermore, spacer fabrics and knitted fabrics with lamination can be used. Such spacer fabrics are in the EP 0 071 212 B1 disclosed. Spacer fabrics are mat-shaped composites with a cover layer made of a fiber or filament fleece, a base layer and individual or tufts of retaining fibers present between these layers, which are distributed over the surface of the composite and needled through the particle layer and connect the cover layer and the base layer to one another.

Nonwovens that can be used are particularly bonded staple fiber nonwovens, but also filament, meltblown and spunbonded nonwovens, which usually need to be additionally bonded. As possible strengthening methods mechanical, thermal and chemical bonding are known for webs. Fleeces have proven to be particularly advantageous which are strengthened in particular by overstitching with separate threads or by intermeshing. Such consolidated nonwovens are produced, for example, on stitch-bonding machines of the “Malimo” type from the company Karl Mayer, formerly Malimo, and can be obtained from the company Hoftex Group AG, among others.

A fleece of the Kunit or Multiknit type can also be used as a carrier. A kunit fleece is characterized in that it results from the processing of a longitudinally oriented fiber fleece into a fabric that has stitches on one side and mesh webs or pile fiber folds on the other side, but has neither threads nor prefabricated fabrics. A fleece of this type has also been produced for a long time, for example on “Malimo” stitch-bonding machines from the Karl Mayer company.

A multi-knit non-woven is characterized in comparison to the kunit non-woven in that the non-woven is strengthened both on the top and on the underside by being pierced with needles on both sides. The starting product for a multiknit is usually one or two nonwoven pile fiber fabrics that are meshed on one side and manufactured using the Kunit process. In the end product, both upper sides of the nonwoven are formed into a closed surface by fiber meshing and connected to each other by fibers that are almost vertical. Additional pierceable sheet materials and/or spreadable media can also be introduced.

Finally, sewn nonwovens are also particularly suitable. A stitchbonded nonwoven is formed from a nonwoven material with a large number of seams running parallel to one another. These seams are created by sewing or stitch-bonding continuous textile threads. For this type of fleece (also known as Maliwatt), stitch-bonding machines of the "Malimo" type from the Karl Mayer company are known.

Needle mats are also particularly suitable. In needlepunch, a batt is formed into a fabric with the help of barbed needles. The material is solidified on a needle bar by alternately inserting and withdrawing the needles, whereby the individual fibers are intertwined to form a solid fabric.

Also particularly advantageous is a staple fiber web that is pre-consolidated in the first step by mechanical processing or that is a wet web that has been laid hydrodynamically, with between 2% by weight and 50% by weight of the fibers of the web being melt fibers, in particular between 5 % and 40% by weight of the fibers of the web. Such a fleece is characterized in that the fibers are laid wet or, for example, a staple fiber fleece is pre-consolidated by the formation of meshes from fibers of the fleece by needling, sewing, air and/or water jet processing. In a second step, heat setting takes place, whereby the strength of the nonwoven is increased again by the melting or partial melting of the fusible fibers.

Advantageously and at least in certain areas, the carrier has a surface that has been ground smooth on one or both sides, preferably in each case a surface that has been ground smooth over the entire surface. The smooth, polished surface may be chintzed, as is the case, for example, in EP 1 448 744 A1 is explained. This improves dirt repellency.

Starting materials for the carrier are in particular (chemical) fibers (staple fibers or continuous filaments) made of synthetic polymers, also called synthetic fibers, made of polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, aramid, polyolefin, polyacrylonitrile or glass, (chemical) fibers made of natural polymers such as cellulosic fibers (viscose, modal, lyocell, cupro, acetate, triacetate, cellulon), such as rubber fibers, such as plant protein fibers and/or animal protein fibers and/or natural fibers made from cotton, sisal, flax, silk, hemp, linen, coconut or wool intended. However, the present invention is not limited to the materials mentioned, but a large number of other fibers can be used to produce the fleece, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art without having to be inventive.

Yarns made from the specified raw materials are also suitable. In the case of woven fabrics or non-crimp fabrics, individual threads can be made from a mixed yarn, i.e. they can have synthetic and natural components. As a rule, however, the warp threads and the weft threads are each of a single type.

Polyester is preferably used as the material for the carrier because of its excellent aging resistance and excellent media resistance to chemicals and operating materials such as oil, petrol, antifreeze, etc. Polyester also has the advantage that it leads to a very abrasion-resistant and temperature-resistant carrier. which is of particular importance for the special purpose of bundling cables in automobiles and, for example, in the engine compartment.

The weight per unit area of the backing is advantageously between 30 g/m ² and 300 g/m ² , more advantageously between 50 g/m ² and 200 g/m ² , particularly advantageously between 50 g/m ² and 150 g/m ² , very particularly advantageously between 70 g/m ² and 130 g/m ² .

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a woven fabric or a fleece made of polyester is used as the carrier, which has a weight per unit area of between 50 g/m ² and 150 g/m ² .

The finished coated material is preferably cut to a width of 20±2 mm (any other width is also conceivable) and, when used for wrapping elongate goods, is wound helically with an overlap of 50% around the elongate goods - like a cable bundle.

The finished coated material is preferably provided with a protective film.

The subject matter of the present invention is also a method for sheathing elongate goods such as in particular lines or cable harnesses, in which case an adhesive tape as described above is guided around the elongate goods in a helix or the elongate goods are sheathed by the adhesive tape in the axial direction, the elongate goods together with the covering adhesive tape is placed in the desired arrangement, in particular in the cable harness plan, the elongate item is held in this arrangement, the curable adhesive mass is caused to cure by the supply of heat, for example by means of a hot-air oven or hot-air gun.

The tape is preferably helically wrapped around the elongate with an overlap of 30% to 70%, more preferably 40 to 50%, especially about 50%.

The adhesive tape is preferably used for wrapping elongate goods, such as cable sets in particular, with the adhesive tape being guided around the elongate goods in a helical movement. The result is the shape of a helix (also called a screw, helical line, cylindrical spiral or helix; a helix is a curve that winds around the surface of a cylinder with a constant pitch). In one variant, the elongate product is wrapped by the adhesive tape in the axial direction. The wrapping of a cable harness with the described adhesive tape does not take place--as is usual--in a helical manner, but in such a way that a longitudinal axis of the tape is aligned essentially parallel to the direction of the cable harness when it is wrapped. Seen in cross section, the adhesive tape lies around the cable harness in the form of an Archimedean spiral. This type of winding is also called "tucking in the cable harness".

Finally, the present invention also relates to a cable harness sheathed with the cured adhesive tape according to the invention and to a cable harness produced by the method according to the invention.

In the 2 the adhesive tape is shown in section in the transverse direction (cross section), which consists of a fleece backing 31 to which a layer of a curable adhesive composition 32 is applied over the entire surface on one side.
25% of the adhesive mass has sunk into the backing (33), which results in optimal anchoring.
A layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive 34 is applied to the curable adhesive 32 over the entire surface.

assessment criteria

conducting the tests

Unless expressly stated otherwise, the measurements are taken at a test climate of 23 ± 1 °C and 50 ± 5 % rel. humidity carried out.

Dynamic viscosity measurement

The viscosity measurement is carried out with a DSR 200 N rheometer from Rheometric Scientific at 25° C. and in rotation mode at a shear rate of 0.01 s ^-1 with a cone and plate system with a diameter of 25 mm, alternatively with a Shear rate of 1 s ^-1 or 100 s ^-1 .

molecular weight

The molecular weight determinations of the number-average molecular weights _Mn and the weight-average molecular weights _Mw are carried out by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC). THF (tetrahydrofuran) with 0.1% by volume of trifluoroacetic acid is used as the eluent. The measurement takes place at 23 °C. PSS-SDV, 10 µ, 10 ³ Å, ID 8.0 mm × 50 mm is used as a guard column. The columns PSS-SDV, 10 µ, 10 ³ and 10 ⁵ and 10 ⁷ each with an ID of 8.0 mm × 300 mm are used for the separation. The sample concentration is 0.5 g/l, the flow rate is 0.5 ml per minute. The calibration is carried out using the commercially available ReadyCal kit Poly(styrene) high from PSS Polymer Standard Service GmbH, Mainz. This is universally converted to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) using the Mark-Houwink parameters K and alpha, so that the data is given in PMMA mass equivalents.

Measurement of the unwind force according to LV 312

The force required to unroll the adhesive tape at a speed of 30 m/min is recorded using an unwind machine. The test is based on DIN EN 1944.

Three measurements are taken on three rolls at the beginning in the middle and at the end of the roll. The mean is calculated for each section.

Measurement of resistance to flagging according to LV 312

The test is based on DIN EN 12035 with a steel rod (10 mm diameter, approx. 40 cm length, weight 250 g) with sample strips each 100 mm long, preferably with a strip width of 19 mm (6 strips; correspondingly for other widths changed number so that the total width is at least 114 mm (see Table 1).A smooth base (e.g. glass plate of (25 × 35) cm) is used as a base for rolling on.Weights are attached to the two ends of the steel rod of 1 kg attached Table 1: Test parameters for resistance to flagging bandwidth Number of strips per bar Total width in mm 9mm 13 117 12mm 10 120 15mm 8th 120 19mm 6 114 25mm 5 125 38mm 3 114

In the 3 shows the test setup for flagging resistance, viewed vertically from above onto the test setup

At least three test specimens 64 100 mm long are cut off with scissors or torn by hand from each sample and distributed evenly over the width of the glass plate 63 parallel to the edges with the adhesive side facing up. The metal rod 61 is positioned over this, so that the beginnings of all the strips 64 adhere. The steel bar 61 with the two free-running 1 kg weights is rolled over the strips 64 without additional pressure, so that the strips 64 wrap around the bar with as little edge offset as possible. After the entire length of adhesive tape has been rolled onto the rod 61, the tape is rolled a further 20 cm (marking 65 on the glass plate 63) in order to reliably press the ends of the tape down.

The wound bar is stored horizontally in the test climate. After 20 to 24 hours, the length of the protruding ends is measured. The mean value from the individual values is determined.

Examples:

Example 1 - Production of an adhesive tape

To produce an adhesive tape according to the invention, the curable adhesive tape layer was produced in laboratory batches in a 1 liter planetary mixer from PC-Laborsystem that can be heated and evacuated. For this purpose, the epoxide-functionalized acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer was first preheated to 60 °C and then weighed into the mixing can together with the ground reaction product of phthalic anhydride and diethylenetriamine and any other optional formulation components and then at a temperature of 40 °C to 60 °C mixed for two hours. Vacuum was applied for the second hour to rid the mixture of residual moisture. A film of the desired thickness was then produced from the mixture by pressing the mixture at 60° C. between two steel plates covered with siliconized polyester films. After being shaped in this way, the film was cooled to room temperature, whereby it was solidified. The film produced in this way is the adhesive tape layer according to the invention.

Some of the curable adhesives were alternatively made in a compounding extruder. For this purpose, the epoxide-functionalized acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer was pumped at 60° C. into a twin-screw extruder from Krauss Maffei Berstorff, designation Extruder ZE30Rx54D UTXmi, using a barrel melt pump. The extruder was electrically heated from the outside to approx. 40 °C to 60 °C and air-cooled using various fans. It was designed in such a way that thorough mixing of the epoxide-functionalized acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer and the other substances, such as in particular the ground reaction product of phthalic anhydride and diethylenetriamine, the fillers and the other auxiliaries and additives, was ensured with a short residence time in the extruder. For this purpose, the mixing shafts of the twin-screw extruder were arranged in such a way that conveying and mixing elements alternated. The other substances were added with suitable dosing equipment using dosing aids in the pressure-free conveying zones of the twin-screw extruder. As an alternative to the twin-screw extruder, a planetary roller extruder or a ring extruder can also be used, since the compounding temperatures can be kept below 60° C. more easily with them. Advantageous extruders also enable the compound to be degassed.

After the approx. 60 °C hot mixture exited the twin-screw extruder (exit: round die 5 mm diameter), the film was shaped directly using a downstream two-roll applicator between two incoming, double-sided siliconized, 50 µm thick polyester films. The feed rate was varied between 1 m/min and 20 m/min. One of the incoming polyester films, siliconized on both sides, was immediately uncovered again after the film had cooled and solidified. A 130 g/m ² PET fabric was covered for this.

An aqueous, polymeric dispersion pressure-sensitive adhesive is used as the pressure-sensitive adhesive, which was produced according to Example 3 of this document and contains 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer, of 1-butyl acrylate monomer and 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the Polymer containing acrylic acid.
The dispersion pressure-sensitive adhesive was adjusted to a viscosity of approx. 5000 Pa*s at a shear rate of 0.01 s ^-1 (measured with cone/plate geometry in rotation mode with a DSR rheometer) by stirring in a polyurethane associative thickener (Borchigel 0625, OMG Borchers). 200N from Rheometric Scientific).
Using a doctor blade, a siliconized liner was coated with the thickened example pressure-sensitive adhesive dispersion on a coating unit in such a way that, after drying in a drying tunnel at temperatures of 105° C., an adhesive mass per unit area of 50 g was achieved.

Before being wound up onto a cylindrical core, the adhesive tape layer according to the invention is laminated together with the dispersion pressure-sensitive adhesive and a PET-based fabric backing with a basis weight of 130 g/m ² in such a way that the dispersion pressure-sensitive adhesive is in direct contact with the reactive adhesive tape layer according to the invention, with the siliconized liner being covered again will.

Table 2 lists the base materials (raw materials) used to manufacture the curable adhesive and the adhesive tape layer, each with trade name, manufacturer and the technical data relevant to this invention. Table 2: List of the base materials used trade name description Epoxy Equivalent Weight (g/Eq) NH Equivalent Weight (g/Eq) manufacturer / supplier Struktol® Polydis 3610 Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether resin epoxy terminated chain extended acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer (CTBN base)* 600 Schill + Seilacher Struktol® Polydis 3611 Bisphenol F diglycidyl ether resin epoxy terminated chain extended acrylonitrile/butadiene copolymer (CTBN base)* 550 Schill + Seilacher Struktol® Polydis 3614 Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether Resin Epoxy Terminated Acrylonitrile Butadiene Copolymer (CTBN Based)* 330 Schill + Seilacher Struktol® Polydis 3691 Precured nitrile rubber epoxidized with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether resin 205 Schill + Seilacher Aradur® 9506 Ground reaction product of phthalic anhydride and diethylenetriamine, CAS number: 68003-28-1 77.7 huntsman Talcum Pharma M ® Talc, CAS no.: 14807-96-6, spec. Surface area: 4.6 m ² /g Scheruhn GmbH Omyacarb® 5-GU Ground chalk, average particle diameter: 5.5 µm Omya
* CTBN = Carboxyl-terminated copolymers of acrylonitrile and butadiene

The composition of the curable adhesive according to the invention is as follows: Table 3: Composition of Example 1 raw material Weight fraction [% by weight] Number of epoxy or NH groups introduced, based on the percentage by weight Ratio of the number of epoxide groups to the number of NH groups, normalized to 1.00 mmol of epoxide groups Struktol® Polydis 3610 91.4 152.3 mmole of epoxide 1.00 Aradur® 9506 8.6 110.7 mmol NH 0.73 total 100.00

The production took place in the laboratory batch (1 liter) and in the extrusion process.

Results:

Bruchbilder: A= Adhäsiv, MB= Mischbruch, K= Kohäsiv (kein Sprödbruch)
Die Lagerstabilität betrug länger als einen Monat bei 60 °C und länger als ein Jahr bei 23 °C.
Der Haftklebstoff weist die in Tabelle 5 aufgeführten Eigenschaften auf. Tabelle 5: Eigenschaften der verwendeten Haftklebmasse Beispiel Vergleichsprodukt 1 2 tesa® 51036 Abrollkraft 30 mm/min [N/cm] 5,8 5,2 5,5 Klebkraft [N/cm] 3,4 3,2 3,2 Abflaggresistenz + + + Kabelverträglichkeit + + +

Fracture patterns: A= adhesive, MB= mixed fracture, K= cohesive (no brittle fracture)
The storage stability was longer than one month at 60 °C and longer than one year at 23 °C.
The pressure-sensitive adhesive has the properties listed in Table 5. Table 5: Properties of the PSA used example comparison product 1 2 tesa® 51036 Unwind force 30 mm/min [N/cm] 5.8 5.2 5.5 Adhesive strength [N/cm] 3.4 3.2 3.2 flag resistance + + + cable compatibility + + +

+

gut geeignet für die Anwendung (< 5 mm Flagge)

○

eingeschränkt geeignet für die Anwendung (5 bis 20 mm Flagge)

-

nicht geeignet für die Anwendung (> 20 mm Flagge)

Bewertungskategorien Kabelverträglichkeit:

+

gut geeignet für die Anwendung (Beständigkeit >2500 h)

○

eingeschränkt geeignet für die Anwendung (Beständigkeit 1500 bis 2500 h)

-

nicht geeignet für die Anwendung (<1500)

Flag resistance rating categories:

+

well suited for the application (< 5 mm flag)

○

limited suitability for the application (5 to 20 mm flag)

-

not suitable for the application (> 20 mm flag)

Evaluation categories cable compatibility:

+

well suited for the application (resistance >2500 h)

○

limited suitability for the application (resistance 1500 to 2500 h)

-

not suitable for the application (<1500)

Example 2 - Production of an adhesive tape according to the invention

A 20 mm wide and 220 µm thick PET fabric carrier with a basis weight of 130 g/m ² was coated with Acrodur® 950 L with a viscosity of approx. 8 Pa*s, adjusted using the thickener Rheovis PU 1291 (90% by weight Acrodur® 950 L + 10% by weight Rheivis PU 1291), coated.
Acrodur® 950 L from BASF SE is a formaldehyde-free resin solution with a solids content of around 30% made from modified polyacrylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol.

An aqueous, polymeric dispersion pressure-sensitive adhesive is used as the pressure-sensitive adhesive, which was produced according to Example 3 of this document and contains 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer, of 1-butyl acrylate monomer and 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the Polymer containing acrylic acid.
The dispersion PSA was incorporated by stirring in a polyurethane associative thickener (Borchigel 0625, OMG Borchers) to a viscosity of about 5000 Pa*s at a shear rate of 0.01s ^-1 (measured with cone/plate geometry in rotation mode with a rheometer DSR 200 N from Rheometric Scientific).
Using a doctor blade, a siliconized liner was coated with the thickened example pressure-sensitive adhesive dispersion on a coating unit in such a way that, after drying in a drying tunnel at temperatures of 105° C., an adhesive mass per unit area of 50 g was achieved.

Before being wound onto a cylindrical core, the curable adhesive applied to the PET fabric backing is laminated together with the dispersion PSA in such a way that the dispersion PSA is in direct contact with the reactive curable adhesive of the invention, with the siliconized liner being uncovered again.

Example 3 - Preparation of a polyacrylate

A 2 L glass reactor conventional for free-radical polymerizations was charged with 40 g glycidyl acrylate, 240 g 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 120 g C ₁₇ acrylate (triple-branched sides with C ₃ and C ₄ chain segments, BASF SE), 133 g special-boiling-point spirit 69/95 and 133 g acetone filled. After nitrogen gas had been passed through the reaction solution with stirring for 45 minutes, the reactor was heated to 58° C. and 0.2 g of Vazo 67 (from DuPont) were added. The external heating bath was then heated to 75° C. and the reaction was carried out constantly at this external temperature. After a reaction time of 1 hour, 50 g of toluene were added. After 2.5 hours, it was diluted with 100 g of acetone. After a reaction time of 4 hours, another 0.2 g of Vazo 67 were added. After a polymerization time of 7 h, the mixture was diluted with 100 g of 60/95 special-boiling-point spirit and after 22 h with 100 g of acetone. After a reaction time of 24 h, the polymerization was terminated and the reaction vessel was cooled to room temperature. The molecular weight M _n of the product was 624,000 g/mol.

An aqueous, polymeric dispersion pressure-sensitive adhesive composed of 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer, 1-butyl acrylate monomer and 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymer, acrylic acid is applied to a siliconized liner with a doctor blade and in the oven dried using a temperature profile from 95 °C to 130 °C.

Before being wound onto a cylindrical core, the curable adhesive tape layer of the invention is laminated together with the dispersion PSA in such a way that the dispersion PSA is in direct contact with the reactive adhesive tape layer of the invention, with the siliconized liner being uncovered again.

Example 4 - Bend test to determine stiffness

A test sample, consisting of 250 individual cables with a cable cross-section of 0.35 mm ² , was bundled into a sample cable set using 9 mm wide adhesive tape (tesa 51618), so that the sample cable set had a diameter of 23±5 mm and a length of 300± 50 mm. This sample wire set was wrapped with the stiffening material in a helical fashion, ensuring a 50% overlap. The stiffening material was then treated with the appropriate curing method, UV radiation for example 3 or heat for examples 1 and 2.

The cured sample wiring harness was subjected to a bend test to determine the effect of the stiffening material on stiffness. The bending test was carried out on a tensile testing machine. For this purpose, the sample wiring harness was placed on two jaws with a distance of 70 mm and pressed in the middle with a pressure fin by a distance of 30 mm and loaded. The force required to deform the measurement path was recorded in Newtons by a tensile testing machine. The test speed was 100 mm/min, both when loading and when relieving the sample wiring harness. The test was carried out at 3 different points on the wiring harness (beginning, middle and end). The bending force results from the average of the three individual measurements and was evaluated in three categories as follows:

+

gut geeignet für die Anwendung (500 bis 750 N)

○

eingeschränkt geeignet für die Anwendung (400 bis 500 N und 700 bis 800 N)

-

nicht geeignet für die Anwendung (<400 und >800 N)

Evaluation categories 3-point bending test:

+

well suited for the application (500 to 750 N)

○

limited suitability for the application (400 to 500 N and 700 to 800 N)

-

not suitable for the application (<400 and >800 N)

For comparison, a commercially available adhesive tape, ^tesa® 51036, was subjected to the same test. The results are listed in Table 2 below.

Example 5 - C-shape test to determine stiffness at different temperatures

A test method was developed to determine the stiffness of a bent cable sample (C-cable sample bend test). To make a C-cable pattern (see 1 ) a cable line (10) with a line cross-section of 0.35 mm ² is wound 100 times around a holder (1) to form a sample line set. The support (1) has two opposite, semi-circular guides (2, 3) with a diameter of 120 mm, which are spaced at a distance (A) of about 210 mm. The coiled cable set is in 1 shown.

The number of cable windings is 100. A sample wiring harness is created with a diameter of 15±5 mm and a circumference of 690 mm. The cable bundle (10) is tied together and fixed with cable ties (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) with a tensile force of 210±10 N at the apices of the semicircle segments and at two straight sections (legs) so that the Cable bundle (10) has sufficient rigidity after removal from the holder so that it does not become deformed. In order to further improve the rigidity of the cable bundle (10), a support (11) is positioned between the legs of the cable bundle and also fixed with cable ties.

The bundle of cables (10) produced in this way is removed from the holder and wrapped with the adhesive tape to be tested (width 19 mm-20 mm) with a 50% overlap. To do this, start by wrapping a cable tie (e.g. 6 or (7)) on the leg in the direction of the circle segment ((6)->(4) or (7)->(5)). When the wrapping reaches the cable tie (4) or (5) at the apex of the semicircle segment, this is removed and the wrapping is continued up to the next cable tie ((4)->(8) or (5)->(9)) on the opposite leg continued. The same is done on the other side, on the other semicircle segment.

The samples prepared in this way are fed to the corresponding crosslinking method. Using wire cutters, cut the patterns adjacent to the remaining cable ties to create two "C-shaped" cable patterns (C-cable patterns), each with an unwrapped section on either side of the semi-circular wrapped section. The incision is made at a distance of the diameter (120 mm) from the apex of the semicircle segment, projected onto the center of the circle.

A piece of cable is used to tie loops to the ends of the legs of the pattern so that it can be hung from one end and a weight can be hung from the other end. The remaining cable ties are now removed as they can falsify the test result. The distance between the legs is now determined.

One of the two samples is stored below room temperature and the other at 60 °C.

A 1 kg weight is hung on the respective lower leg of the "C-examinee". After one hour, the deflection of the cable bundle is noted (deflection behavior 1 h at RT or 60° C.) and the weight is removed. After one minute, the deflection is determined again (recovery behavior 1 min at RT or 60° C.). After one hour, the deflection is then determined again and noted (recovery behavior 1 h at RT or 60° C.).

The determined values of the C-shape deformation were classified into three categories, good for the application, limited for the application and not for the application. The categories were rated as follows:

+

gut geeignet für die Anwendung (< 15 % Auslenkung)

○

eingeschränkt geeignet für die Anwendung (≥ 15 bis 30 %)

-

nicht geeignet für die Anwendung (> 30 %)

Bewertungskategorien C-Form-Biegeversuch (60°C):

+

gut geeignet für die Anwendung (< 25 % Auslenkung)

○

eingeschränkt geeignet für die Anwendung (≥ 25 bis 40 %)

-

nicht geeignet für die Anwendung (> 40 %)

Bewertungskategorien C-Form-Biegeversuch (Rückstellverhalten bei RT und 60 °C):

+

gut geeignet für die Anwendung (< 10 % Auslenkung)

○

eingeschränkt geeignet für die Anwendung (≥ 10 bis 30 %)

-

nicht geeignet für die Anwendung (> 30 %)

Evaluation categories C-shape bending test (room temperature):

+

well suited for the application (< 15 % deflection)

○

limited suitability for the application (≥ 15 to 30%)

-

not suitable for the application (> 30%)

Evaluation categories C-shape bending test (60°C):

+

well suited for the application (< 25 % deflection)

○

limited suitability for the application (≥ 25 to 40%)

-

not suitable for the application (> 40%)

Evaluation categories C-shape bending test (recovery behavior at RT and 60 °C):

+

well suited for the application (< 10 % deflection)

○

limited suitability for the application (≥ 10 to 30%)

-

not suitable for the application (> 30%)

For comparison, a commercially available adhesive tape, ^tesa® 51036, was subjected to the same test. The results are also listed in Table 1 below. Table 1: 3-point bending test C-shape deformation at RT C-shape recovery behavior at RT Recipe from example 1 + + + Recipe from example 2 + + + Recipe from example 3 + + + ^tesa® 51036 - - - C-shape deformation at 60°C C-shape recovery at 60°C Recipe from example 1 + + Recipe from example 2 + + Recipe from example 3 + + ^tesa® 51036 - -

Legend:

+

well suited for the application

○

limited suitability for the application

-

not suitable for the application

Reference List

1

bracket

2, 3

semicircular guides

4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

cable ties

10

bundle of cables

11

support

31

fleece backing

32

Layer of a curable adhesive

33

Area into which the curable adhesive mass has sunk

34

Layer of a PSA

61

Rod

62

winding direction

63

glass plate

64

examinees

65

Marking on glass plate

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102013213726 A1 [0002]
• EP 1848006 A2 [0002]
• EP 2497805 A1 [0002]
• DE 102019211178 A1 [0005, 0038]
• DE 102019210708 A1 [0005]
• DE 102019206929 A1 [0005]
• DE 102019103120 A1 [0007]
• EP 2520628 A1 [0023, 0026]
• EP 2695926 A1 [0023, 0027]
• EP 2520629 A1 [0023, 0028]
• EP 3433330 A1 [0023]
• EP 0017986 B1 [0024]
• EP 0185356 B1 [0024]
• EP 1378527 B1 [0025, 0026]
• EP 2433330 A1 [0029]
• WO 2015004190 A1 [0054]
• EP 0071212 B1 [0058]
• EP 1448744 A1 [0065]

Claims (13)

Adhesive tape for encasing elongate goods, such as in particular lines or cable harnesses, comprising a tape-shaped carrier in which a curable adhesive is present on at least one side, characterized in that the adhesive tape is also provided with a pressure-sensitive adhesive on at least one side of the tape-shaped carrier. tape after claim 1 , characterized in that the adhesive tape is provided with a curable adhesive on one side of the strip-shaped carrier and a layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to the curable adhesive, specifically to the surface of the curable adhesive opposite the carrier. tape after claim 1 , characterized in that the strip-shaped backing is provided on one side with a curable adhesive and a layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to the side of the strip-shaped backing facing away from the curable adhesive. Duct tape after one of Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the curable adhesive is activated by means of radiation energy, thermal energy, moisture or pressure. Duct tape after one of Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the PSA is a dried polymer dispersion. Duct tape after one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the PSA is free of crosslinkers. Duct tape after one of Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the PSA is not curable. Adhesive tape according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier material comprises a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric and/or a film. Adhesive tape according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the basis weight of the textile backing is between 30 g/m ² and 300 g/m ² . Adhesive tape according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coat weight of the pressure-sensitive adhesive is between 40 g/m ² and 500 g/m ² . A method for wrapping elongate goods such as in particular lines or cable harnesses, in which an adhesive tape according to one of the preceding claims is guided around the elongate goods in a helix or the elongate goods are wrapped by the adhesive tape in the axial direction, the elongate goods together with the wrapping adhesive tape in the desired arrangement, in particular in the wiring harness plan, is brought in, the elongate product is held in this arrangement and the curable adhesive composition is cured. A method for sheathing elongate goods such as lines or cable harnesses in particular, wherein an adhesive tape according to one of Claims 1 until 10 is first activated and then immediately guided in a helical line around the elongate item or the elongate item is wrapped by the adhesive tape in the axial direction, the elongate item together with the enveloping adhesive tape is then brought into the desired arrangement, in particular in the cable harness plan and held in this arrangement is, while the curable adhesive cures. Harness connected with an adhesive tape according to one of Claims 1 until 10 is coated or by a method according to any one of Claims 11 until 12 is producible.

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