DE102021206614A1 - Device and method for transferring electrical energy from a charging station to energy storage devices of a large number of small electric vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (200) for transferring electrical energy from a charging station (100) to energy storage devices (400) in a large number of small electric vehicles (500), the device (200) having at least one electrical connecting cable (205, 208) with at least an input-side interface (201) for connecting the charging station (100), wherein the at least one electrical connection cable (205, 208) comprises a multiplicity of output-side interfaces (215) for connecting the energy storage devices (400) of the multiplicity of small electric vehicles (500) comprises, wherein the device (200) comprises at least one energy distribution device (211) for distributing the energy provided by the charging station (100) to the plurality of output-side interfaces (215) and at least one control device (209) for controlling the energy transmission and distribution.

Description

The invention relates to a device and a method for transferring electrical energy from a charging station to energy storage devices in a large number of small electric vehicles.

Electrically operated means of transport, such as so-called e-scooters, e-scooters, e-motorcycles, e-bikes or e-rickshaws, can be referred to as small electric vehicles. These are typically used for individual locomotion, especially in urban areas. Fleets of these small electric vehicles are usually operated by so-called sharing service providers, with customers or users being able to rent the small electric vehicles as required and move within a predetermined business area with one or more rented small electric vehicles. So far, the electric vehicles have been collected and centralized for charging by the sharing service provider and/or service provider, for example in a warehouse serving as a collection point, charged using charging devices provided for charging the energy storage devices and then distributed again in the business area after the charging process. Also known is the direct exchange of discharged energy storage devices for charged ones, the discharged energy storage devices also being charged at a predetermined, in particular central, collection point. The type of loading described is consequently costly and time-consuming, in particular due to the transport routes involved and the storage space required.

Other existing solutions for charging several small electric vehicles are, for example, so-called docking stations, which can typically charge a large number of electric vehicles or energy storage devices. However, the known docking stations are in particular permanently installed and/or are connected directly to the power grid, so that portability and thus location flexibility is severely restricted.

Charging stations are known for charging electrically operated electric vehicles or their energy stores, in which case the electric vehicles can be parked in the vicinity of a charging station and connected to the charging station by means of a charging cable.

There are also a large number of charging stations, especially in urban areas. Such charging stations are permanently installed.

From the DE 10 2016 216 565 A1 a charging cable for charging an electrical energy store of an electric vehicle is known, wherein the charging cable comprises power electronics on the network side and power electronics on the vehicle side. The power electronics can be used to convert an alternating current provided at a mains-side plug-in connection interface by a charging station into a direct current, which is made available at the vehicle-side plug-in connection interface of the charging cable. The plug connection interfaces can in particular include plug variants in accordance with the IEC 62196 plug standard.

The infrastructure created by a network of such electric vehicle charging stations, particularly in urban areas, has not been used to date for charging small electric vehicles.

The technical problem thus arises of creating a device and a method which reduce the time required and costs for charging energy stores of small electric vehicles and increase a spatial area for charging a number of small electric vehicles.

The technical problem is solved by the subject matter with the features of the independent claim. Further advantageous configurations of the invention result from the dependent claims.

A basic idea of the invention is to provide a device that can distribute the energy that can be provided by means of a charging station for electric vehicles to the energy stores of a large number of small electric vehicles in such a way that these energy stores are charged safely and as needed.

To solve the technical problem, a device is proposed which enables electrical energy to be transmitted from a charging station to energy storage devices in a large number of small electric vehicles, the device comprising at least one connecting cable with at least one input-side interface for connecting the charging station.

An energy storage device of a small electric vehicle refers in particular to a preferably electrochemical energy storage device. Such an energy store can, for example, be a battery, e.g. a lithium-ion battery, and/or one or more (super)capacitors, with the energy store being used in particular as an energy source for driving a small electric vehicle. Furthermore, an energy storage device can have a housing for encasing the energy storage device.

Furthermore, an energy storage device has connection means, such as electrical contacts and/or conductors, for connecting the energy device to an interface of a charging cable. An energy storage device can also have an interface receptacle for connecting the interface of a charging cable. Alternatively, the small electric vehicle can also have such an interface receptacle, with the energy storage device being electrically connectable or connected to the interface receptacle of the small electric vehicle, in particular if the energy storage device is arranged on or in a small electric vehicle. An interface of the charging cable can preferably be in the form of a female or male connector and the interface receptacle can be in the form of a socket designed to receive this connector. It is possible that a socket is also designed as a male or female connector or includes such. The interface receptacle can also be designed as a plug connector and the interface of the charging cable can be designed as a plug socket designed to receive this plug connector. When the interface and interface receptacle are in the connected state, contact is established between the conductors of an interface and the conductors of the energy storage device or the corresponding connecting means

An energy storage device may be mounted in or on a small electric vehicle. In particular, it is conceivable that an energy storage device of a small electric vehicle is interchangeable, i.e. can be detachably attached to a small electric vehicle if necessary in order to charge the energy storage device in the released state decoupled from the small electric vehicle.

The at least one connecting cable comprises at least one, but preferably several, electrical line(s) suitable for the transmission of electrical energy for charging the energy storage device. Furthermore, this line or another line of the connecting cable can be suitable for the transmission of electrical signals, with electrical signals being used in particular for communication between the device and a device external to the device, such as the charging station. Lines for signal or data transmission can in particular be referred to as signal transmission means. In particular, such signal transmission means also transmit electrical energy, but for the purpose of signal transmission.

In particular, the line can comprise one or more electrical conductors, which can be designed in the form of wires or strands, but also, in particular electrically insulated, cores. The multiple electrical conductors can be connected in particular to different energy storage devices or used for transmission to different, in particular multiple, energy storage devices. Electrically conductive materials such as copper or other metals can be used as conductor material. The cross section of the line and in particular the electrical properties of the conductor material are selected in such a way that it is possible to transmit a predetermined maximum current intensity for energy transmission. In particular, the cross section of individual conductors and/or the line and/or the at least one connecting cable can change within the device. Furthermore, the line can be completely or partially encased with a sheath along a longitudinal extent. The sheath insulates the line in particular against external influences such as moisture. It is also conceivable that the covering has a shielding effect with regard to electromagnetic radiation. For example, to comply with electromagnetic compatibility regulations. Preferably the sheath is made of a flexible, electrically non-conductive material such as polyethylene. As a result, the at least one connecting cable can be touched by a user, in particular during normal operation, ie when transmitting energy.

In particular, the connecting cable is designed in such a way that it is flexible and/or limp. Preferably, the connection cable can be rolled up or wound up, for example in order to wind up the at least one connection cable with the aid of a cable drum, which can be part of the proposed device, in particular automatically, e.g. with spring support. This is advantageous, for example, in order to avoid unwanted knotting of the connecting cable. A corresponding cable drum or a cable winding and unwinding device can be arranged in a housing for electrical components of the device. It is also possible for the device to include several such cable drums or devices for winding and unwinding different parts of the cable.

A length of the at least one connecting cable is measured along the longitudinal extent of the connecting cable and is to be selected in such a way that the device can be connected to the energy storage devices of a large number of small electric vehicles. For this purpose, in particular, an expected distance between the charging station and the energy storage device must be taken into account, with the distance being determined by the dimensions of the charging station and the electric Small vehicles or the energy storage devices can be affected. The length of the at least one connecting cable is preferably more than 4 m.

It is also conceivable that the at least one connecting cable has multiple parts. In this context, multi-piece can mean in particular that the at least one connecting cable comprises a plurality of cable parts or sections that can be connected to one another. As explained in more detail below, the connecting cable can comprise an input-side part for connecting the input-side interface to an energy distribution device and a plurality of output-side parts for connecting the energy distribution device to an output-side interface in each case. The parts of the connecting cable can each be flexible, in particular flexible. In particular, it is conceivable that cable parts or sections of the at least one connecting cable on the input or output side can be removed and/or reconnected, in particular can be removed from and/or reconnected to the energy distribution device or a housing of the device, for example because the number and /or training of the interfaces should be varied.

It is also conceivable for the connecting cable to have a plurality of ends on the input side and/or on the output side, with interfaces being or being able to be arranged at these ends.

The input-side interface is used for the, in particular detachable, coupling or connection of the device to/at a charging station. The input-side interface can have conductor contacts for the transmission of electrical energy and/or signals from the charging station to the device (and/or vice versa), but other means of energy transmission are also conceivable. In particular, the interface can be designed with seven poles, in particular comprising three external conductor contacts, a contact for a neutral conductor, a protective contact, a presence contact and a control contact. The interface can also be designed in such a way that standardized communication and transmission functions can be executed in the IEC 62196 standard (in particular version IEC 62196-2 from January 31, 2020) via/with the interface. The interface is preferably designed as a type 2 male plug. The three outer conductor contacts can be designated L1, L2 and L3, respectively, the contact for the neutral conductor with N, the protective contact with PE, the presence contact with PP and the control contact with CP. The latter can be used in particular to determine whether the interface is coupled to the charging station and to exchange control signals between the device and the charging station, but other interface contacts can also be used for the tasks described. At least one of the conductor contacts of the input-side interface can be coupled to an interface receptacle of the charging station in such a way that energy can be transmitted from the charging station to an energy storage device. An interface receptacle can be a female Type 2 socket, for example. In particular, by connecting the contacts described, for example the control contact labeled CP and the presence contact labeled PP, different charging modes can be communicated between the device and the charging station.

A charging mode indicates which properties the electrical energy that can be provided should have, such as electrical power, voltage, current intensity and/or current type (direct current or alternating current).

However, not all conductor contacts of the interface have to be used to transfer energy from the charging station to an energy storage device. It is also conceivable to design the interface according to other standards, for example according to the SAEJ1772 (also called Type 1) or the GB/T standard.

According to the invention, the at least one electrical connecting cable comprises a multiplicity of output-side interfaces for connecting the energy storage devices of the multiplicity of small electric vehicles.

An output-side interface is used for the, in particular detachable, coupling or connection of the device with/to an energy storage device of a small electric vehicle. The output-side interface can have conductor contacts for the transmission of electrical energy and/or signals from the device to an energy storage device (and/or vice versa), but other means of energy transmission are also conceivable. The interface preferably has two or three poles. An exemplary structure of the output-side interface is that a conductor contact as a hollow, in particular hollow-cylindrical, outer conductor encases one or more inner conductors that are located inside, that is, arranged in the inner volume surrounded by the outer conductor. The inner conductors, ie internal conductor contacts, are preferably in the form of pins. The conductor contacts can be coupled to an interface receptacle or interface receptacle of an energy storage device or of the small electric vehicle in such a way that energy can be transmitted via the output-side interface to the energy storage device.

The device can be designed in such a way that the outlet-side interfaces can be moved relative to one another, ie a relative position and/or a relative orientation of the interfaces to one another can be changed.

The design of the output-side interface is preferably different from the design of the input-side interface. Such a difference, for example according to the Poka-Yoke principle, has the advantage that improper connection of the input and/or output-side interfaces can be avoided.

In order to enable at least one energy storage device coupled to the device to be charged, it is not necessary to couple all the output-side interfaces of the connecting cable to an energy storage device.

In particular, such signals can also be transmitted from the energy storage device via the output-side interface that relate to a state of charge and/or a charging protocol of the energy storage device. The state of charge can refer in particular to an amount of energy currently present in the energy storage device and/or a current capacity of the energy storage device. Such a signal can be transmitted, for example, via the output-side interface from the energy storage device to the device, in particular a control and/or evaluation device of the device. Preferably, the device 30 comprises interfaces on the output side, but they can be selected depending on the application and thus differ from the number mentioned.

For both the input-side interface and the multiplicity of output-side interfaces, it is conceivable that the conductor contacts are designed as metal contacts. Electrical connections can be made or broken by means of the conductor contacts. In particular, the interfaces are designed for a connection that is protected against polarity reversal, i.e. the negative and positive poles cannot be mixed up. In addition, the charging station can test the functionality of the protective conductor when the electrical connection is established. It is conceivable, for example, that the functionality is tested by means of a time-limited closing of an electrical circuit, with a particularly low current intensity. For this purpose, the charging station can also have an electricity consumer. In this way, the electrical conductivity of the protective conductor can be ensured in an advantageous manner.

The interfaces can preferably be operated by a user. Furthermore, all interfaces can each include a housing for protecting and/or for actuating the interface, for example by a user, with the housing encasing the interface in such a way that the conductor contacts are accessible. The housing can have an electrically insulating effect and can therefore in particular be touched by a user. The outer shape of the housing can be designed in such a way that it is easier for a user to couple an interface to a charging station or energy storage device.

For example, the possibilities of, in particular, form-fitting coupling can be limited by flattening the housing on one side of the interface, which reduces the risk of a non-functional coupling of the interface or ensures the polarity-proof coupling. The interfaces are arranged in particular on the free ends of the at least one electrical connecting cable, it being possible for the conductor contacts to represent the ends of electrical conductors of the at least one connecting cable. In this case, interfaces are designed in such a way that an electrical connection can be established with an interface receptacle. In other words, the interface receptacle can form a counterpart, in particular a form-fitting one, to an interface. In this case, an interface can be designed to be application-specific, that is to say it can be adapted to an energy storage device, a small electric vehicle or a charging station. Such an adjustment can relate in particular to the shape of the interface and the number and arrangement of the conductor contacts and a diameter of the conductor contacts.

The device also includes at least one energy distribution device for distributing the energy provided by the charging station. The at least one energy distribution device can in particular distribute electrical energy provided by the charging station at the input-side interface to the multiplicity of output-side interfaces. The energy distribution device can be connected to the input-side interface in particular via an input-side part of the connecting cable and to each of the plurality of output-side interfaces via output-side parts of the connecting cable, in particular in such a way that electrical energy can be transmitted from the charging station via the energy distribution device to the energy storage devices connected to the device can be transferred. The energy distribution device can include a (mains) filter to improve electromagnetic compatibility, for example designed as or including a low-pass filter, with this may comprise a capacitor or an inductor. Furthermore, the energy distribution device can include electrical components such as diodes, diacs, triacs, transistors, capacitors, resistors, or thyristors.

However, other components of the device, such as the at least one connecting cable or a control and/or evaluation device, can also include or form the electrical components mentioned.

The energy distribution device preferably comprises at least one power converter. This can be used to convert a type of electrical current provided by the charging station into another type of current, in particular a type of current that corresponds to the type of current that can be absorbed by the energy storage device. However, the power converter can also be in the form of a step-up and/or step-down converter.

The power converter can be in the form of a single input multiple output power converter, so that the electrical energy provided at the input-side interface can be provided at the multiplicity of output-side interfaces. The power converter can also include a transformer or be designed as such, it being possible for the transformer to have a primary winding and a plurality of secondary windings. If the power converter converts a provided DC voltage into an AC voltage, it is designed as an inverter. In the opposite case, it is designed as a rectifier. Furthermore, an applied voltage and/or (alternating current) frequency and/or amplitude can also be changed by means of the power converter. It is also conceivable that the energy distribution device includes a number of converters that can convert different types of current, so that the device is compatible with different charging stations and/or energy storage devices. It is also conceivable for the device to include a plurality of power converters, with each output-side interface being connected to the input-side interface via a power converter. It is possible that precisely one or several output-side interfaces is/are connected to precisely one of these several power converters.

Furthermore, the device comprises at least one control device for controlling the energy transmission and distribution. The control device serves in particular to control the distribution of the electrical energy. To this end, the control device can control operation of the energy distribution device, in particular the at least one power converter. For example, the operation of components or switching elements of the converter(s) can be controlled.

In particular, the control device is connected to the energy distribution device and the input and output interfaces for signal transmission. In this case, the at least one connecting cable, in particular between components of the device, can be used for signal transmission, with the control device being able to generate electrical signals for controlling the energy transmission and/or distribution. The control device can comprise at least one microprocessor or at least one integrated circuit or be designed as such.

Furthermore, the control device can be part of a management system, in particular a battery management system, which monitors, regulates and controls a charging process. In particular, the control device can control a charging mode of an energy storage device and/or charging modes of energy storage devices. In this way, at least one energy storage device connected to the device can advantageously be protected against, in particular, deep discharge, overcharging and/or overheating.

The arrangement of the energy distribution device and control device is selected such that electrical energy or power that can be provided by the charging station can be distributed to the energy storage devices connected to the device in such a way that electrical energy can be transmitted safely and preferably in a time-efficient and energetically efficient manner from the charging station the energy storage devices is enabled.

A charging station or an interface receptacle of a charging station and the conductor contacts of the input-side interface can be designed according to the type 1 or type 2 standard, for example. In such a case, the charging station can apply a pulse width modulated voltage signal between the control contact and the protective contact for signal transmission between the charging station and the device, which can have an amplitude range between ±12 V (±0.6 V), for example. If the device is connected to a charging station, this voltage signal, for example in the form of a square-wave voltage signal, can drop across a first resistor, for example a 1 kΩ resistor, of the charging station and/or the device. A frequency of the voltage signal can be 1 kHz, for example a 1 kHz square-wave voltage, where the signal range can be between ±12 V (±0.6 V). On the device side, an electrical connection between control Contact and protective contact are produced by a further, in particular adjustable, resistor of the device, which is preferably connected in series with a diode. The adjustable resistor can in particular include two resistors connected in parallel, for example 2.74 kΩ and 1.3 kΩ, one of the two resistors being able to be integrated into the current circuit by actuating a separating element, as a result of which a total resistance changes accordingly. The adjustable resistance can be set, for example, by means of the control device. The charging station can communicate the maximum current that can be provided by the charging station to the device by means of a pulse width modulation of the square-wave voltage, with different pulse widths representing different maximum currents. For this purpose, the device can comprise at least one determination device for determining the pulse width and/or voltage and/or current intensity, the determination device being part of the control device, for example.

For its part, the device can communicate with the charging station via a setting of the resistance value of the further resistor and an associated change in the voltage drop across the first resistor. This setting can be controlled by the controller. In this way, the device can tell the charging station what current energy requirement the device has or what amount of energy is being requested. The current energy requirement is determined in particular by the control device and is particularly dependent on the number of energy storage devices that are connected to the device.

If the energy requirement of the connected energy storage device falls below the energy or power provided on the input side, the device, in particular the control device, can throttle the electrical power, for example with the aid of a pulse width modulation signal, the pulse width modulation signal being generated by the control device and using the connecting cable and the device coupled to the charging station Interface can be transferred to the charging station.

It is also conceivable that the device comprises locking means for locking and unlocking a coupling of the input and/or output-side interfaces to a charging station and/or energy storage device or small electric vehicle. In this way, an improper decoupling of the device from the charging station and/or the device from an energy storage device can advantageously be prevented. The locking means can also be designed in such a way that unlocking or decoupling takes place when a power failure occurs. The locking means can be formed in particular in the input and/or output-side interfaces, for example as one or more electromechanical actuator(s), in particular for moving locking pins. These locking means can be controlled, in particular exclusively, in a coupled and unlocked state in such a way that the mechanical connection between the interface and the interface receptacle is locked, it being impossible for the connection to be released in the locked state. In a coupled and locked state, the locking means can be controlled in such a way that the mechanical connection between the interface and the interface receptacle is unlocked, it being possible for the connection to be released in the locked state. This unlocking can take place in particular when the locking means are/are de-energized, which ensures unlocking in the event of a power failure. In particular, damage to the interfaces due to switching sparks can be prevented in this way. This also makes it more difficult for the device or the energy storage devices connected to the device to be stolen.

It is also conceivable for the device to have a housing, in which case electrical components, in particular the components of the energy distribution and control device or a part of these components, can be arranged in an interior volume formed by the housing. The interfaces on the input and output sides are preferably arranged outside the housing and are connected to the housing by means of the at least one connecting cable or various parts of the connecting cable. The at least one connecting cable is preferably arranged at least partially outside the housing, ie in an environment surrounding the housing. Transitions, or housing interfaces, of the at least one connecting cable from an environment surrounding the housing into the housing, or vice versa, can reduce the ingress of moisture, for example by means of flexible rubber seals. It is also conceivable that the housing has a shielding effect with regard to electromagnetic radiation. For example, to comply with electromagnetic compatibility regulations. It is also conceivable that the housing acts as a heat sink or heat dissipator, ie that the housing can have such a thermal conductivity, for example, that the heat given off by electrical components arranged in the housing can be dissipated in an advantageous manner. The housing can be made of a weather-resistant and ingress resistant be made of moisture-evolving material such as polyethylene.

In particular, the device can be mobile or portable, ie it is preferably detachably connected to the infrastructure or a charging station and/or an energy storage device. The device can preferably be transported by a user, in particular from one charging station to another charging station. In this way, the portability of the device can be increased.

It is also conceivable that energy storage devices which are not arranged on or in a small electric vehicle during coupling to the device, ie which are in particular interchangeable, are arranged in a storage device, with the device being able to include the storage device. The energy storage devices can thus be protected against theft in an advantageous manner. Furthermore, the entire device and/or the storage device can also be fastened to a charging station, for example by means of belts or other fastening means, with the interfaces on the output side or some of these interfaces being arranged in storage locations provided for receiving energy storage devices. The storage facility can be designed in particular as a shelf. The storage device can advantageously protect the energy storage devices arranged in the storage device from external influences such as moisture. Furthermore, the division of the storage device into a large number of storage locations improves accessibility of the energy storage device for users of the device in an advantageous manner.

Preferably, the energy storage devices, in particular by means of the storage device, or the small electric vehicles can be arranged in an advantageous manner in a parking lot or sidewalk in an orderly and space-saving manner and can be connected to the respective output-side interfaces for the charging process.

It is also conceivable that the device comprises at least one separating element, such as an electrical switch, for separating an electrical connection during energy transmission between the input-side interface and precisely one, more than one, but preferably all, output-side interface(s). The at least one separating element can be arranged in the device, preferably as part of an electrical conductor, in such a way that an electric circuit or a part of an electric circuit can be closed and/or opened. The at least one separating element can include a galvanic isolation for potential isolation or be designed as such. The at least one separating element or its state (closed, open) can be controlled by the control device, for example. It is also conceivable that the separating element is designed as a switch, in particular a switch that can be actuated manually, and is arranged in particular on an outside of a housing of the device. For example, such a switch can be actuated by a user as an emergency stop switch in order to interrupt energy transmission. In particular, a number of interfaces can be variably adjusted by means of the separating elements, for example because interfaces or connecting cables that are not required can be separated from the device.

It is possible that a separator is arranged in an input-side part of the connection cable. Alternatively or cumulatively, a separating element can be arranged in each output-side part of the connecting cable.

In particular, a separating element can automatically disconnect the electrical connection between the device and an energy storage device as soon as a certain amount of energy has been transferred to this energy storage device and/or it has reached a predetermined charging state. Overcharging of an energy storage device can thus be prevented in an advantageous manner. The separating element can be controlled by the control device, for example.

The device described advantageously enables the energy storage devices of several small electric vehicles to be charged quickly and flexibly, in particular the transport distance and transport time to a charging station can be reduced compared to transport to a central charging station, for example in a warehouse. An existing charging station infrastructure can also be used in an advantageous manner, which offers considerable technical and economic advantages with regard to the charging of small electric vehicles, in particular for sharing service providers.

In a further embodiment, the device comprises at least two output-side interfaces, the at least two interfaces having interface properties of the same type. In particular, the interfaces can be designed in the same way. Interface properties designate in particular the number of conductor contacts and/or the external shape of the interface or of the housing of the interface. Interface properties between a first and a further interface are of the same type, in particular when the number of conductor contacts of the first and the further interface is the same and/or the shape of the first and second interface is the same ren interface is such that the first and the further interface can be detachably and repeatedly coupled in the intended manner with the same interface receptacle. In this way, at least two energy storage devices can advantageously be connected to the device, with the at least two energy storage devices or the vehicles having these energy storage devices.

In a further embodiment, the device comprises a first set of interfaces on the output side and at least one further set of interfaces on the output side, the interface properties of the interfaces of the respective set being of the same type and the interface properties of different sets being different from one another, the first and/or the further set includes at least two interfaces. A first set of interfaces on the output side can preferably have such first interface properties that they can be connected to a first type of interface receptacle of an energy storage device or a small electric vehicle. The at least one additional set of interfaces on the output side can have additional interface properties such that they can be connected to an additional type of interface receptacle of an energy storage device or a small electric vehicle, the first type being different from the other type. Preferably, the interfaces of the first set have interface properties of male connectors and the interfaces of the further set have interface properties of female connectors/sockets. This is advantageous since the device can thus be connected to other, in particular different, types of interface receptacles.

It is conceivable, for example, that the first set comprises at least 30 downstream interfaces that preferably have male interface characteristics, with the further set comprising at least 10 downstream interfaces that have female interface characteristics. However, these numbers can also vary depending on the application and can differ from the specified values.

In a further embodiment, the at least one input-side interface comprises at least one connection or connection means for energy transmission and at least one connection or connection means for signal transmission. A current for charging at least one energy storage device can advantageously be transmitted via the at least one connection for energy transmission. This connection can be designed as a conductor contact of the interface. A signal, in particular a communication signal, can be transmitted via the at least one connection for signal transmission, in particular to the control device, energy distribution device or to an energy storage device or vice versa. The at least one connection for signal transmission can be a conductor contact, which is provided for signal transmission from the charging station to the device, preferably for signal transmission to the control device. The charging station can thus provide the device with information about electrical energy, voltage, current intensity and/or power that can be provided by the charging station. A signal transmission from the device to the charging station is also conceivable, for example in order to inform the charging station of a current energy requirement, in particular of the connected energy storage device(s). A separate connection for energy transmission and a separate connection for signal transmission also reduces the risk of improper transmission of electrical energy or a signal, since not just one connection is available for transmission.

In a further embodiment, the device has a communication device for the transmission of information between the device and a device external to the device. The communication device can send and receive signals, in particular data. The signals can be transmitted in accordance with predetermined transmission and reception protocols, in which case, for example, the signals to be transmitted can be encrypted and a corresponding transmission module can be controlled by a microcontroller, in which case the communication device can include the transmission module and/or the microcontroller. A signal transmission by means of the communication device can take place both wired and wireless. In particular, the communication device can have an antenna for radio transmission, preferably for communication with a server device of the Internet and/or the Internet of Things. It is also conceivable for the communication device to send signals to a device external to the device, with the device external device visualizing the received data. The device can provide software for installation on a device external to the device, for example a cell phone or smartphone. Such software can be used in particular for communication with the device-external device and/or for controlling the device from the device-external device.

The device can also include a position determination device, for example a GNSS receiver, so that the position determination device can be used to determine the position of the device, for example in the event of theft, using GNSS. The position determination device can be connected to the communication device or other components of the device in such a way that a position of the device can be transmitted to a device external to the device via signal connection means.

It is also conceivable that the device forms or includes a display device, it being possible for the display device to be attached to an outside of a housing of the device. Information can thus preferably be transmitted, in particular visually, to a user who preferably grasps the display device visually. A display device can be designed, for example, as a screen arranged in a housing of the device, e.g. an LCD display.

It is also conceivable that the device forms or includes an input device, wherein the input device can be attached to an outside of a housing of the device. The input device can be designed in such a way that a user and/or a device external to the device can transmit information to the device, in particular the control device.

In this way, information can advantageously be exchanged with a device external to the device or with one or more users. For example, it is conceivable that information about an amount of energy transmitted by means of an output-side interface is recorded by the control device and can be transmitted by means of the communication device to a device external to the device, e.g. a server device, but also to a terminal device, in particular a mobile one.

It is also conceivable for the device to be informed of a required amount of energy by means of the communication device from a device external to the device. However, other information can also be transmitted between the device and a device external to the device.

In a further embodiment, the device has at least one detection device for detecting an amperage and/or power that can be provided, for example by a charging station. Alternatively or cumulatively, the detection device or at least one further detection device of the device serves to detect a current intensity and/or a power requirement of energy storage devices connected and/or to be connected to the device. The amperage and/or power requirement can in particular be a maximum permissible amperage or a maximum permissible power that may be set for charging the energy storage device. In particular, different charging stations can each have an individual current or power supply and/or each energy storage device can have an individual current and/or power requirement, which should be detected for an intended and time-effective transmission of energy. For this purpose, the detection device is preferably connected to the at least one input-side interface and/or, in particular each, of the plurality of output-side interfaces in such a way that a signal can be transmitted between the charging station or the energy storage devices and the detection device(s). A signal transmission to the detection device can be used to communicate a current strength/power that can be provided or a current strength/power requirement to the detection device. A current/power that can be provided can have, for example, a value of 31 A for the current and a value of 7.4 kW for the power. The amperage/power requirement of an energy storage device is preferably an amperage requirement of 1.7 A and a power requirement of 71 W. However, the values given are examples; for example, an amperage requirement can also be 5.0 A. The detection device can include a microcontroller for processing the detected signals and/or can be connected to the control device for processing the detected signals, so that transmission and/or distribution of the electrical energy that can be provided is advantageously dependent on the current strength that can be provided and/or is required or performance can take place.

Cumulatively or alternatively, the detection device or a further detection device of the device is used to detect a state of health (SoH) of at least one energy storage device or at least one variable/property that at least partially represents the state of health. In addition to the remaining residual capacity of an energy storage device, the state of health also depends in particular on an internal resistance, an AC resistance, a charging and/or discharging history and a degree of aging of an energy storage device. The detection device can determine at least one of the listed properties. Furthermore, the detection device can determine the state of health as a function of the characteristic(s) determined.

The internal resistance can be measured, for example, by means of direct current internal resistance (DCIR) measurements. AC resistance can be determined using impedance spectroscopy. In this way, statements can advantageously be made about, in particular future, expected maintenance cycles of the at least one energy storage device. The detection device can be connected to the communication device described above in such a way that information about a detected state of health of the energy storage device or about at least one variable/property at least partially representing the state of health can be communicated to a device external to the device. In the latter case, the device-external facility can determine the state of health as a function of the transmitted property(s)/size(s). It is also conceivable that the detection device includes its own communication device.

Alternatively or cumulatively, the detection device or a further detection device of the device serves to detect a state of charge (SoC) of at least one energy storage device. As explained above, a state of charge can denote in particular an amount of energy currently present in the at least one energy storage device and/or a current capacity of the energy storage device. In this case, a current capacity can be a capacity that deviates from an initially provided capacity, for example due to wear. In particular, it can designate a charge that can be accommodated by the energy storage device. The amount of energy required for charging can thus be determined from the state of charge and the current capacity. Information about such an actual state of charge can be transmitted from an energy storage device to the detection device, in particular via the interface using signal transmission means. The state of charge of all energy storage devices coupled to the device can preferably be detected. A detected state of charge can advantageously be used to control and distribute energy to energy storage devices by means of the device in such a way that an amount of energy required for charging is transferred to the at least one energy storage device. In particular, a detected state of charge can be used to determine a charging requirement of the at least one energy store, for example by means of the control device.

In a further embodiment, the device comprises an intermediate energy storage device. The intermediate energy storage device can be designed, for example, as a double-layer capacitor or as a so-called SuperCap. Of course, other embodiments such as lithium-ion batteries or a combination of different energy stores are also conceivable.

The intermediate energy storage device can be connected to the energy distribution device and control device and have such a capacity that the intermediate energy storage device can briefly absorb or provide a predetermined amount of energy, for example via the input-side interface from the charging station to the device and not via the output-side interface from the device Amount of energy transferred to an energy storage device.

The amount of energy temporarily stored in the intermediate energy storage device can be, for example, an amount of energy determined or specified by the control device or detection device. If the amount of energy is stored in the intermediate energy storage device, the device can in particular be separated from the charging station.

This has the advantage that the intermediate energy storage device can be charged at a charging station and, independent of location, in particular independent of the charging station, can transmit electrical energy to the energy storage devices of a large number of small electric vehicles.

Furthermore, power peaks provided and/or requested at the input and/or output-side interfaces can advantageously be covered and/or reduced in this way.

Also proposed is a method for transferring electrical energy from a charging station to at least one energy storage device of a small electric vehicle by means of a device according to one of the embodiments described in this disclosure.

According to the invention, an input-side interface is connected to the charging station and at least one output-side interface is connected to at least one energy storage device of a small electric vehicle. Furthermore, a control device controls operation of the device, in particular at least one power converter, in such a way that the at least one energy storage device is charged. If a plurality of energy storage devices are connected to the output-side interfaces, the control device can control operation of the energy distribution device in such a way that the energy storage devices at the input-side interface are ready Asked energy is distributed between the plurality of connected energy storage devices. This can include the scenario that only one of these energy storage devices or several, but not all of these energy storage devices or all energy storage devices are charged, in particular simultaneously or sequentially.

The energy distribution in a charging period with a predetermined length, for example overnight or a predetermined hourly interval, can be carried out in such a way that the number of energy storage devices that have a predetermined state of charge at the end of the charging period is a maximum. The predetermined state of charge can in particular be a state charged to a predetermined proportion of the maximum charge capacity. The predetermined proportion can be 70%, 80%, 90% or 100%, for example.

In a further embodiment, the electrical energy provided by the charging station is distributed by the energy distribution device to a large number of output-side interfaces in such a way that energy storage devices connected thereto are charged simultaneously by at least two small electric vehicles. The control device preferably controls the distribution of the energy. Due to the simultaneous transfer of energy to or charging of at least two energy storage devices, transfer of energy to a plurality of energy storage devices can advantageously be carried out simultaneously and thus quickly. A transmitted amount of energy can preferably be controlled in such a way that—as explained above—a predetermined state of charge is set for each of the at least two energy storage devices.

In a further embodiment, an evaluation device is used to determine a storage capacity and/or a state of charge and/or a state of health of at least one energy storage device connected to an output-side interface or at least one variable/property that at least partially represents this state of health. The determination can take place by a signal transmission taking place between the device, in particular the evaluation device, and the energy storage device, in particular a control device of the energy storage device, whereby the storage capacity and/or the state of charge can be queried and transmitted via this signal transmission.

The evaluation device can be suitable for signal transmission. The evaluation device is preferably formed by the detection device. The evaluation device can include, for example, a microcontroller for evaluating the transmitted signals, in particular for determining the storage capacity and/or the state of charge, or can be designed as such. It is also conceivable that the evaluation device is formed by the control device and/or energy distribution device already explained.

As described above, a state of health of an energy storage device can be advantageously determined and thus monitored by determining a storage capacity, in particular a current storage capacity. Furthermore, by determining a state of charge, a charging process of an energy storage device can be controlled in an advantageous manner. In particular, an amount of energy required for charging can be determined.

In a further embodiment, an energy requirement of the energy storage devices connected to a plurality of output-side interfaces and/or a quantity of energy transferred to the energy storage devices during a charging process is determined by means of an evaluation device. Determining an energy requirement of the energy storage devices connected to the device is advantageous in order to carry out the transmission and, if necessary, the distribution of energy in a time-efficient manner.

By determining an energy requirement, an amount of energy required for full charging can be determined. Furthermore, a quantity of energy transmitted to the respective energy storage device during a charging process can be detected, in particular the quantity of energy transmitted during a charging process up to the current point in time. In particular, an energy consumption of an energy storage device can be determined during charging by the device.

Furthermore, of course, a total energy requirement of all energy storage devices coupled to the device can also be determined or an amount of energy transmitted to all energy storage devices coupled to the device can be recorded.

In this way, in particular, an advantageous economic billing of the amount of energy transmitted can be recorded and evaluated. The amount of energy transmitted can be communicated to a device external to the device, for example by means of a communication device. Also a direct financial (cost) billing of the transmitted amount of energy by means of the evaluation device device and/or the communication device is conceivable.

It is possible that the state of charge and/or the state of health or at least one variable/property representing the state of health and/or the amount of energy transmitted is energy storage device-specific, i.e. in a manner assigned to a selected energy storage device, and corresponding information is then transmitted to a device external to the device . In particular, an identifier of an energy storage device can be determined, e.g. B by the detection device, in which case information about the identifier and the state of charge and/or the state of health or the at least one variable/property representing the state of health and/or the amount of energy transmitted is transmitted to a device external to the device. Energy storage device-specific monitoring can thus take place. In particular, this enables timely maintenance or timely replacement of energy storage devices that are no longer functional or no longer functional as desired.

In a further embodiment, the energy transmission to an energy storage device connected to an output-side interface is interrupted by means of the control device when a predetermined amount of energy has been transmitted. The predetermined amount of energy can be an amount of energy specified by the energy storage device. The predetermined amount of energy preferably corresponds to an amount of energy that can be absorbed by the energy storage device. However, the amount of energy can also be less than an absorbable amount of energy, for example the amount of energy which can be absorbed in a predetermined period of time. It is also conceivable that the amount of energy is predetermined by a device external to the device and is communicated to the device by means of a communication device. Once the predetermined amount of energy has been transmitted, the energy transmission is interrupted by the control device. For this purpose, the control device can activate a correspondingly arranged separating element. By interrupting the energy transmission, overcharging of the energy storage devices connected to the device can be prevented in an advantageous manner.

In a further embodiment, the control device reduces the electrical power, current and/or voltage requested by the charging station if the power, current and/or voltage provided by the charging station exceeds the electrical power required by the energy storage devices connected to a large number of interfaces on the output side , current and/or voltage. The required electrical power can be reduced, for example, by a corresponding control signal being transmitted from the device to the charging station. Such a control signal can also be generated by an energy storage device or a small electric vehicle and transmitted to the control device. In particular, such a control signal can represent a charging mode. For example, the control device can set a pulse width of an electrical signal that can be evaluated by the charging station. The pulse width can represent a power/current or voltage requirement.

The at least one connecting cable can have a corresponding conductor for the transmission of the signal whose pulse width can be modulated by the device.

In this way, damage to the device and/or the energy storage devices, in particular as a result of deep discharge, overcharging and/or overheating, can be avoided in an advantageous manner. This is particularly advantageous when a predetermined amount of energy has already been transferred by means of the device to one or more of the energy storage devices connected to the device.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Übertragen elektrischer Energie,
• 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Übertragen elektrischer Energie, und
• 3 eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Übertragen elektrischer Energie.

The invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments. The figures show:

• 1 a schematic representation of an embodiment of a device for transmitting electrical energy,
• 2 a schematic representation of a further embodiment of a device for transmitting electrical energy, and
• 3 a schematic representation of a further embodiment of a device for transmitting electrical energy.

1 shows a device 200 for transferring electrical energy from a charging station 100 to energy storage devices 400 of a large number of small electric vehicles 500. The charging station 100 is fixed immobile in or on the ground 101 and can in particular be part of a public charging infrastructure for electric vehicles. The charging station 100 is connected to a power grid (not shown). The charging station 100 also has an interface receptacle 102, namely a socket which can be designed according to the type 2 standard. The interface receptacle 102 is suitable for coupling to an input-side interface 201, the device 200 the Interface 201 is included. In 1 the input-side interface 201 is not coupled to the interface receptacle 102 .

The input-side interface 201 has conductor contacts 202 and an interface housing 203 . The interface 201 and in particular the conductor contacts 202 and the interface housing 203 can be designed according to the type 2 standard or another standard. In particular, the interface 201 is adapted for connection to a predetermined interface receptacle 102 of a charging station 100 .

The input-side interface 201 is connected to a housing 206 of the device 200 via a connecting cable 205, which is used in particular for energy and/or signal transmission. If the interface 201 is coupled to the interface mount 102 of the charging station 100 , for example by a user, then signals and/or electrical energy can be transmitted between the charging station 100 and the device 200 .

The housing 206 is used to arrange further electrical components in an interior volume formed by the housing 206, the housing 206 protecting the components arranged in the interior volume against external influences from the environment 600, such as moisture. Signal connecting lines 226 and connecting lines 207 for energy transmission are connected to the input-side connecting cable 205 or the input-side part of the connecting cable 205 via a housing interface 225 . Signal connecting lines 226 are shown here by dotted lines and connecting lines 207 for power transmission are shown as solid lines.

The connecting lines 207 and the signal connecting lines 226 electrically connect the components arranged in and on the housing 206 to one another. The electrical components include a control device 209, a detection device 210 and an energy distribution device 211. Other electrical components arranged in the housing 206, such as microprocessors, diodes, (super)capacitors, thyristors and resistors, are in 1 not shown.

In the illustrated embodiment, the energy distribution device 211 comprises three controllable power converters 212, which convert an alternating current provided by the charging station 100 into direct current. However, other current conversions are also possible by means of other embodiments (not shown). Operation of the energy distribution device 211 or the three power converters 212 is controlled by the control device 209 . The control device 209 can use the interface 201 to query a current type, current strength and power that can be provided by the charging station 100 . In addition, the control device 209 can transmit to the charging station 100 via the interface 201 the desired current type, desired current intensity and desired power to be provided. Furthermore, the control device 209 can generate electrical control signals and transmit them via signal connecting lines 226 in order to separately control the three separating elements 214 shown. An electrical connection from each of the three power converters 212 to the input-side interface 201 or to the charging station 100 can be opened and/or closed by means of the isolating elements 214 . Of course, more or fewer than three power converters 212 can also be present. The energy distribution device 211 or each power converter 212 is connected via a housing interface 225 to an output-side connecting cable 208 or output-side part of a connecting cable 208, which is used in particular for energy and/or signal transmission, with a free end of each connecting cable 208 having an output-side interface 215 is arranged.

The multiplicity of interfaces 215 on the output side, in the illustrated embodiment three interfaces 215 on the output side, each have conductor contacts 216 which are used for coupling to an interface receptacle 401 of the energy storage device 400 . The interface 215 on the output side is encased by an interface housing 217 . In the illustrated embodiment, the downstream interface 215 is not coupled to the interface receptacle 401 . The interfaces 215 on the output side are adapted for connection to a predetermined interface receptacle 401 of a small electric vehicle 500 or an energy storage device 400 .

In 1 the energy storage devices 400 are arranged on the small electric vehicles 500, namely e-scooters. The large number of small electric vehicles 500, three in the illustrated embodiment, are arranged in the area 600 of the device 200 in such a way that the large number of interfaces 215 can be connected to the energy storage devices 400 of the small electric vehicles 500 can be connected. In particular, the output-side interfaces 215 are movable relative to one another.

If the interface 215 is coupled to the interface receptacle 401 of the energy storage device 400, for example by a user, signals and/or electrical energy can be transmitted between the output-side interface 215 and of the energy storage device 400 are transmitted. If an electrical connection is established between the charging station 100 and the energy storage device 400 using the device 200 , then energy can be transmitted from the charging station 100 to the energy storage device 400 .

The energy storage device 400 can communicate to the device 200 a current requirement, a power requirement and/or an energy requirement of the energy storage device 400 by means of an electrical signal. The detection device 210 can detect such an electrical signal. The detection device 210 includes an evaluation device 213, which can evaluate the detected signal and transmit it to the control device 209 in such a way that the energy distribution device 211 can be controlled by the control device 209 depending on the requirement. In other words, a current intensity, electrical power and/or amount of energy required for charging the energy storage device 400 can be provided by the charging station 100 by means of the device 200 . Furthermore, a charging process can be ended by means of the control device 209 by controlling the separating element 214 when a predetermined amount of energy has been transferred to an energy storage device 400 .

The detection device 210 is connected to a communication device 219 . The communication device 219 includes an antenna which can be arranged on an outer side 221 of the housing 206 . However, this arrangement is not mandatory. The data detected and evaluated by the detection or evaluation device 210, 213 can be transmitted to a device external to the device (not shown) by means of the communication device 219. Furthermore, signals, in particular radio signals 220, can be received by means of the communication device 219 . For example, signals for controlling the energy transmission can be transmitted from the device-external device to the device 200 . In this way, charging of an energy storage device 400 connected to device 200 can preferably be started and ended by the device external to the device, and further functions of device 200 can be controlled. Furthermore, the data recorded by the detection device 210 can be used to determine a state of health of the energy storage devices 400 and/or can be transmitted to the device external to the device by means of the communication device 219 . Of course, data about an amount of energy transmitted to the energy storage devices 400 can also be transmitted by means of the communication device 219 . Of course, data about an amount of energy transmitted to the energy storage devices 400 can also be transmitted using the communication device 219 .

A display device 222 is also arranged on the outside 221 of the housing 206 . The display device 222 includes an LCD display 223, which is supplied with energy and electrical signals by the control device 209 in such a way that information can be displayed. The information can include data recorded by the detection device 210 and can represent an operating state of the device 200, for example. Such an operating state can include, for example, the energy storage device 400 connected to the device 200 and the charge state of the respective energy storage device 400 . A user in the immediate vicinity 600 of the device 200 can thus advantageously be informed of the operating state.

In 2 an embodiment is shown, in which the charging station 100 of a device 200 provides an alternating current with a predetermined power, in particular 22 kW, wherein a transformer 224 with a primary and several secondary windings converts the alternating current in such a way that by means of the several secondary windings, in particular lower ones, Voltages can be provided which are particularly suitable for the conversion of alternating current into direct current by the power converter 212. For example, the charging station 100 can provide a 3-phase alternating current at a voltage of 400 V, with the transformer 224 converting the voltage in such a way that the power converter 212 can be provided with a voltage of between 100-240 V. The alternating current converted in this way can be distributed to the power converters 212 . In the illustrated embodiment, the power converters 212 convert the alternating current converted by the transformer 224 into direct current, it being possible for the direct current thus converted to be transmitted via the interfaces 215 to the energy storage devices 400 of the plurality of small electric vehicles 500 . The power converter 212 and the transformer 224 form the energy distribution device 211. In this way, high electrical power can be converted or transmitted in an advantageous manner.

In 3 an embodiment is shown in which a charging station 100 of a device 200 provides a direct current/a direct voltage via an input-side interface 201, with the electrical energy being temporarily stored by an intermediate energy storage device 227. If, for example, an energy determined by the control device 209 or detection device 210 If the quantity of energy is stored in the intermediate energy storage device 227, the device 200 can be separated from the charging station 100. This has the advantage that the device 200 can be charged at a charging station 100 and can transmit energy to the energy storage devices 400 independently of the charging station 100 .

An energy distribution device 211 distributes the electrical energy from the intermediate energy storage device 227 . The DC voltage provided in this way can be converted into one or more other DC voltages, in particular by means of the energy distribution device 211 . The electrical energy converted in this way can be transmitted via the output-side interfaces 215 to the energy storage devices 400 connected to the device 200 . This has the advantage that no alternating current has to be converted into direct current by means of the energy distribution device 211 , which can reduce installation space and production costs of the device 200 .

However, it is not mandatory for the device 200 to include the intermediate energy storage device 227 shown. The energy distribution device 211 can also be connected to the input-side interface 201 directly, that is to say not via such an intermediate energy storage device 227 .

Reference List

100

charging station

101

ground

102

Interface recording of the charging station

200

contraption

201

input-side interface

202

Wire contacts of the input side interface

203

Interface housing of the input-side interface

205

input connection cable

206

housing of the device

207

connection line

208

output connection cable

209

control device

210

detection device

211

energy distribution device

212

power converter

213

evaluation device

214

separator

215

output-side interface

216

Wire contacts of the output side interface

217

Interface housing of the output-side interface

219

communication facility

220

radio signals

221

outside of the case

222

display device

223

LCD display

224

transformer

225

housing interface

226

signal connection line

227

intermediate energy storage device

400

energy storage device

401

Interface recording of the energy storage device

500

small electric vehicle

600

Vicinity

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102016216565 A1 [0006]

Claims (13)

Device (200) for transferring electrical energy from a charging station (100) to energy storage devices (400) of a large number of small electric vehicles (500), the device (200) having at least one electrical connecting cable (205, 208) with at least one input-side interface ( 201) for connecting the charging station (100), characterized in that the at least one electrical connecting cable (205, 208) comprises a large number of output-side interfaces (215) for connecting the energy storage devices (400) of the large number of small electric vehicles (500). , wherein the device (200) comprises at least one energy distribution device (211) for distributing the energy provided by the charging station (100) to the plurality of output-side interfaces (215) and at least one control device (209) for controlling the energy transmission and distribution. Device (200) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the device (200) comprises at least two output-side interfaces (215), wherein the at least two interfaces (215) have similar interface properties. Device (200) according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the device (200) comprises a first set of output-side interfaces (215) and at least one further set of output-side interfaces (215), the interface properties of the interfaces (215) of the respective set being of the same type and the interface properties of different sets are different from one another, the first and/or the further set comprising at least two interfaces (215). Device (200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one input-side interface (201) comprises at least one connection for energy transmission and at least one connection for signal transmission. Device (200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (200) has a communication device (219) for the transmission of information between the device (200) and a device external to the device. Device (200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (200) has a detection device (210) for detecting a current strength/power that can be provided and/or a current strength/power requirement of at least one energy storage device (400) and/or a state of health at least one energy storage device (400) or at least one variable/property that at least partially represents the state of health and/or a state of charge of at least one energy storage device (400). Device (200) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (200) comprises an intermediate energy storage device (227). Method for transferring electrical energy from a charging station (100) to at least one energy storage device (400) of a small electric vehicle (500) by means of a device (200) according to one of Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that at least one input-side interface (201) is connected to the charging station (100) and at least one output-side interface (215) is connected to at least one energy storage device (400) of a small electric vehicle (500), with an energy distribution device (211) the distributes electrical energy in such a way and a control device (209) controls operation of the device (200) in such a way that the at least one energy storage device (211) is charged. Method for transmitting electrical energy claim 8 , characterized in that the electrical energy provided by the charging station (100) is distributed by means of the energy distribution device (211) to a large number of output-side interfaces (215) in such a way that at least two energy storage devices (400) of small electric vehicles (500) connected thereto be loaded at the same time. Method for transmitting electrical energy claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that an evaluation device (209) is used to determine a storage capacity and/or a state of charge and/or a state of health of at least one energy storage device (400) connected to an output-side interface (215) or at least one variable/property that at least partially represents this state of health . Method for transmitting electrical energy according to one of Claims 8 until 10 , characterized in that an energy requirement of the energy storage devices (400) connected to a plurality of output-side interfaces (215) and/or a quantity of energy transmitted to the energy storage devices (400) is determined by means of an evaluation device (209). Method for transmitting electrical energy according to one of Claims 8 until 11 , characterized in that the control device (209) interrupts the energy transmission to an energy storage device (400) connected to an output-side interface (215) when a predetermined amount of energy has been transmitted. Method for transmitting electrical energy according to one of Claims 8 until 12 , characterized in that by means of the control device (209) from the charging station (100) requested electrical power, current and / or voltage is reduced when the through the charging station (100) provided power, current and / or voltage of the with exceeds the electrical power, current intensity and/or voltage required by a large number of energy storage devices (400) connected to the output-side interfaces (215).

Images