DE102021128446A1 - SYMMETRICAL WOOD-MINERAL FOAM MONOLITH COMPOSITE BUILDING SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a symmetrical wood-mineral foam monolith composite construction system for the execution of exterior and interior walls, floor slabs and roofs, with the wood also being replaceable by other structural supports.

Description

The invention relates to a symmetrical wood-mineral foam monolith composite construction system (referred to below as symmetrical HMMVB) for the construction of exterior and interior walls, floor slabs and roofs, with the wood also being replaceable by other structural supports.

Various wooden constructions are known from the prior art, such as block construction, frame construction, post-and-beam construction, skeleton construction, panel construction, half-timbered construction, as well as the corresponding insulation materials, such as natural fiber insulation materials, flax and hemp, wood fiber insulation materials, cellulose insulation, mineral wool, glass and stone wool, perlite, foam glass or rigid polyurethane foam.

The utility model specification is known DE 20 2005 010 123 U1 "Construction strip in multiple composite construction": "Construction strip in multiple composite construction with reduced thermal bridge effect for the construction of structures in building construction, characterized in that the strip is symmetrically constructed from an odd number of layers, the second, fourth etc. (even number) layer Solid wood consists of two outer layers and those oriented towards the middle (first, third, fifth, etc. odd number) of panel-shaped insulating materials that are permanently attached by gluing, gluing or clips or other connections. The insulation layers preferably consist of porous wood fiber boards WLG 05 to WLG 04 or rigid or polyurethane foam boards WLG 04 to WLG 025 with sufficient compressive strength.”

The disclosure document is also known DE 10 2018 102 256 A1 "Modular wall system and method for constructing a modular wall": "Modular wall system for the simple separation of rooms, for example office or sales rooms, similar to a drywall, with which at least two rooms can be separated from one another optically and/or acoustically and/or with regard to air conditioning, wherein the modular wall system has at least one connection element which can be fixed to a floor, wall or ceiling surface, at least one frame element which can be fixed in relation to a floor and the connection element and/or other frame elements, and at least two plate-shaped cover elements with any desired surface which the frame element can be covered over a large area on both wall sides, characterized in that the frame element further has screw base elements on its outer sides, the distance between the bases and the frame can be adjusted along the longitudinal axis of the screw base element running parallel to the wall surface of the wall system, with wel so that the frame element can be braced against a floor and at least one connection element."

The object of the invention is to develop a wood-composite building system which is inexpensively provided with a variable insulating material.
The object is achieved according to the invention in that patent claim 1 is carried out.

A symmetrical HMMVB was developed in such a way that a wood composite construction system (10) consisting of vertical columns (1) and vertical support columns (2) is given, which are connected to one another with a horizontal upper chord (3) and a horizontal lower chord (4). are connected and a mineral foam filling (9) takes place in the existing cavity of the wood composite building system (10), the mineral foam filling (9) consisting of ingredients which allow the liquid mineral foam filling (9) to react and through the reaction of the liquid mineral foam filling ( 9) in the cavity of the wood composite construction system (10) in the combination of the ingredients of the liquid mineral foam filling (9) a monolith is created from all existing construction parts as a whole.

In addition, the following comments are given.

A completely new, symmetrical HMMVB was developed due to the question of the timber construction systems known from the state of the art in terms of expenditure and production costs.

The designs of the outer and inner facades are customer-oriented and can be freely designed according to local conditions. The following aspects, such as rear-ventilated facades and their design, combined with facade greening elements and energy panels as far as possible are given.

Clay construction is favored for the interior design, although board materials, plasterboard and other materials, Fermacell, OSB, tiles, etc. continue to be used as well-known options.

The characteristics of the new symmetric HMMVB are shown below.

The heat transfer of a 33 cm thick wood mineral foam monolith composite building system core wall has a U-value of 0.14 W/mK. The total mass of the core wall essentially consists only of mineral foam and wood.

The ecological balance with regard to the CO ₂ consumption of the insulation material remains at 34 kg/m ³ , which is significantly lower than with comparable materials. Wood as such has a balanced CO ₂ balance.

In the circular economy, the wall system is easy to dismantle, the modular components are reusable and one hundred percent recyclable at the end of the cycle.

The problem of building with a system is solved by the fact that the systematic wood mineral foam monolith composite construction system consists of a few standardized wooden cross sections that are ideally suited for simple, systematic and fast construction. The symmetrical HMMVB shown here has very good living climate properties. Vapor barrier/vapour retarding papers and foils are not used, as this wall construction does not give rise to the risk of condensation. This also prevents the formation of mold in residential buildings as far as possible in terms of building physics.

Other suitable construction material can also be used instead of wood.

The building and component constructions are very easy to adapt to local seismic stresses.

A simple structural description is given below.

To build up the outer and inner walls, a wooden threshold that is suitable according to DIN regulations is leveled according to the construction plan and screwed to the floor plate in a force-fitting manner according to static specifications. The prefabricated wall elements consisting of supports, load-bearing supports and upper and lower chords are placed vertically on the horizontally leveled foot sills, aligned and screwed to the foot sill in a friction-locked manner.

The wall elements are connected by pairs of opposite supports according to static specifications in grid dimensions with the spacing upper and lower chord using wood screws according to DIN as a raw wall construction. A change in the cross-sectional dimensioning of the upper and lower chord, or the supports, allows a simple change in the wall thickness without the risk of condensation.

The horizontal wall bracing is carried out according to static specifications using diagonal crosspieces between the upper and lower chord or metal connections, steel cables/steel straps or the like.

The raw wood wall construction is covered on all sides and below with a tear-resistant, leak-proof underlay membrane that is tear-resistant according to DIN.

In order to ensure that the building shell is 100% airtight, the underlay membranes can also be glued together.

The raw wooden wall construction covered with the underlay is frictionally mounted by the arrangement of the horizontal battens at regular intervals along the wall with the underlying supports and supports. A larger bulging of the underlayment by filling with insulating material is thus prevented by the battens. This creates a cavity for the insulation in the symmetrical HMMVB by means of the wooden construction and the underlay. This cavity is now filled with the mineral foam according to the invention without any cavities, which after filling in the cavity hardens independently without supplying energy.

Mineral foam is known to be the state of the art, but so far it has not been used on a large scale in Germany. The mineral foam that is preferably used here has specific properties that fundamentally differ from those previously known, with unique new features. The raw density of the mineral foam can be flexibly adjusted from 25 to 200 kg/m ³ as thermal insulation and from 200 to 1000 kg/m ³ as sound insulation. All of these formulation variants have hydrophobic properties. The mineral foam consists only of air, water, cement and other natural, small additions of additives. The mineral foam can preferably be produced on site.

The exterior facade design is to be weatherproof clad on the wall battens with an additional horizontal batten as a rear ventilation level with all imaginable facade elements, for example with greening elements and energy panels. The vertical rear ventilation level of the outer walls and the controllable convection that is aimed at can be easily aligned for a pleasant living climate by means of a non-stationary calculation of the building shell with the living rooms behind it.

A clay building is preferred for the interior design. Furthermore, board materials, plasterboard and other materials, Fermacell, OSB, wooden panels, tiles etc. possible for use.

The invention will now be explained using an exemplary embodiment.

• die 1 - die schematische Darstellung der Stützen, Tragstützen und Gurte,
• die 2 - einen Rohbau des Holz-Verbund-Bausystems,
• die 3 - einen systematischen Wandaufbau im Querschnitt.

show:

• the 1 - the schematic representation of the supports, support brackets and belts,
• the 2 - a shell of the wood composite construction system,
• the 3 - a systematic wall construction in cross-section.

From the 3 the basic structure of the symmetrical HMMVB can be seen. It can be seen that on a base plate 11 a foot sill 20 is leveled out according to given DIN regulations as a wooden foot sill according to a construction plan and is non-positively fastened to the base plate 11 according to static specifications. The prefabricated wall elements consisting of supports 1 , support brackets 2 and upper chord 3 and lower chord 4 are placed vertically on the horizontally leveled foot sill 20 , aligned and screwed to the foot sill 20 with a non-positive fit. The lower chord 4 below forms a boundary and the upper chord 3 above forms a boundary for the existing wall thickness and also for the resulting cavity between the supports 1, the inner underlay 8 and the outer underlay 7.

Among other things, the wall thickness is defined via the lower chord 4 and the upper chord 3 by prescribing the corresponding necessary diameters for the beams of the lower chord 4 and the upper chord 3 . Internal slats 5 and external slats 6 are preferably made on the underlayment inside 8 and the underlayment outside 7 in order to realize corresponding fastenings of further components and/or installation levels.

• 1. Eine temporäre Funktion, d.h. sie begrenzt den Hohlraum, in den die wässrig dickflüssige Mineralschaummasse auslaufsicher in die Baukonstruktionsteile zur Aushärtung eingebracht wird. Die Mineralschaummasse beginnt sofort nach der Einbringung mit der Abbindung und Aushärtung, in seiner Funktion insbesondere als Dämmstoff in den dann monolithischen Bau- und Konstruktionsteilen, der Bodenplatte, Außenwände, Geschoßdecken und Dächer. Sie bildet ausgehärtet in Verbindung mit den statischen Konstruktionsteilen des Gesamtsystems eine statische Wand- und/oder Deckenscheibe in den einzelnen Konstruktions- /Bauteilen.
• 2. Die Unterspannbahn übernimmt wie allgemein bekannt gleichzeitig die Wind- und Luftdichtung einer Gebäude-Rohbauhülle.

The underlay has two functions.

• 1. A temporary function, ie it delimits the cavity in which the watery, viscous mineral foam mass is introduced into the building construction parts for hardening so that it cannot leak. The mineral foam mass begins to set and harden immediately after it has been introduced, in its function in particular as an insulating material in the then monolithic building and construction parts, the floor slab, outer walls, storey ceilings and roofs. When hardened in connection with the static construction parts of the overall system, it forms a static wall and/or ceiling panel in the individual construction/components.
• 2. As is well known, the underlayment acts as a windproof and airtight seal for the shell of a building.

Preferably, the existing symmetrical HMMVB is also provided with a fixed connection below over the toe sill 20.

The bottom threshold in multi-storey buildings must be connected to the foundation or the floor slab in a force-fitting manner according to static specifications. In the case of multi-storey buildings, the outer wall above is set up on the upper chord of the existing outer wall by means of a sill, analogous to the foot sill, analogous to the ground floor. In this way, additional storeys can be added according to structural specifications or local regulations.

As already described, the mineral foam filling 9 is now carried out in the existing cavity.

The following 1 and 2 show a sectional view of the symmetrical HMMVB according to the invention.

the 2 shows a structure where the symmetrical HMMVB can be seen and the supports 1 and the supporting support 2 are installed and the respective underlayment on the outside 7 and the underlayment on the inside 8 have been mounted on these supports. These respective underlays 7 and 8 are then - can be seen from 1 - Corresponding slats inside 5 and slats outside 6 non-positively connected to the supports 1 in order to carry out an external assembly or an internal assembly.

How from the 2 As can be seen, there is a cavity between the supports 1, the support supports 2 and the underlayment inside 8 and the underlayment outside 7. A mineral foam filling 9 is carried out in this cavity after the upper chords 3 and lower chords 4 have been installed or locked on a base plate 11 . This creates a symmetrical HMMVB according to the invention with the mineral foam filling 9, which can then be installed depending on the area of application.

From the 1 the completed assembly of the symmetrical HMMVB is documented. To construct the outer and inner walls, a wooden threshold 20 suitable according to DIN regulations is leveled on a base plate 11 according to the construction plan and screwed to the base plate 11 in a non-positive manner according to static specifications. The foot sill 20 thus installed on the floor panel 11 serves as Requirement for the assembly and installation of the symmetrical HMMVB. The prefabricated wall elements consisting of supports 1 , support brackets 2 and upper chord 3 and lower chord 4 are placed vertically on the horizontally leveled threshold 20 , aligned and screwed to the threshold 20 with a non-positive fit.

The wall elements are screwed by pairs of opposite supports 1 according to static specifications in grid dimensions with the spaced upper chord 3 and lower chord 4 using wood screws according to DIN as raw wall construction. A change in the cross-sectional dimensioning of the upper chord 3 and lower chord 4 or the supports allows a simple change in the wall thickness without condensation being able to form.

The horizontal wall bracing is carried out according to static specifications using diagonal crossbeams between upper chord 3 and lower chord 4 or steel strips.

The unfinished wooden wall construction that is now in place is covered on all sides and below with a DIN tear-resistant, vapor permeable underlayment on the outside 7 and underlayment on the inside 8 on the right side, leak-proof. The unfinished wooden wall construction covered with the outer 7 and inner sarking membrane 8 is frictionally mounted by the arrangement of the horizontal slats inside 5 and slats outside 6 at regular intervals along the wall with the underlying supports 1 and props 2. A larger bulging of the underlayment outside 7 and the underlayment inside 8 is thus prevented by the slats inside 5 and slats outside 6. This is how the cavity of the insulating space in the symmetrical HMMVB is created by means of the wooden construction and the underlays 7 and 8.

A mineral foam is now introduced into the existing cavity of the symmetrical HMMVB. The mineral foam used for this has specific properties that fundamentally differ from those previously known, with unique new features. The raw density of the mineral foam can be flexibly adjusted from 25 to 100 kg/m ³ as thermal insulation and from 200 to 1000 kg/m ³ as sound insulation. All of these formulation variants have hydrophobic properties. The mineral foam consists largely of air, water, cement and other natural, small amounts of additives. In hundreds of test series, the processing could be adjusted to a reproducible recipe.

• Symmetrisches Holz-Mineralschaum-Monolith-Verbund-Bausystem
• Flüssiger Mineralschaum wird im Verbund zum Monolith, d.h. er wird ein gegossener mineralischer/monolithischer Baustoff, fest verbunden in einem Konstruktionsbauteil. Je nach Rezeptur von 25 kg/m³ bis 1600 kg/m³ frei wählbar, wird er insbesondere zum Dämmstoff, der sich in allen Bau- und Konstruktionsteilen des symmetrischen Holz Verbundsystem der Gebäude wiederfindet. Dabei werden die statischen Konstruktionsteile in einem festen Verbund in das symmetrisch angelegte Bausystem in alle Bau- und Konstruktionsteile nach dem gleichen industriellen Verfahren fest verbunden eingegossen. Dabei werden die Hohlräume der
  • - Bodenplatte
  • - Außenwände
  • - Innenwände
  • - Geschoßdecke und allen Dachformen

mit dem Dämmstoff aus der Mineralschaumbefüllung (9) befüllt.Definition of terms:

• Symmetrical wood mineral foam monolith composite construction system
• Liquid mineral foam becomes a monolith when combined, ie it becomes a cast mineral/monolithic building material, firmly connected in a structural component. Depending on the recipe, freely selectable from 25 kg/m ³ to 1600 kg/m ³ , it is particularly used as an insulating material that can be found in all building and construction parts of the symmetrical wood composite system of the building. The static construction parts are cast in a firm bond in the symmetrically laid out construction system in all building and construction parts using the same industrial process. The cavities of the
  • - bottom plate
  • - outer walls
  • - interior walls
  • - Storey ceiling and all roof forms

filled with the insulating material from the mineral foam filling (9).

The mineral foam, which largely forms the composite as a monolith, consists of water, air voids, binders; Cement, lime and/or aggregates, in particular clay and/or recycling materials. Clay is a naturally occurring raw material worldwide, from heavy building material to insulation material, tailored to specific needs, application-specific, in accordance with the required insulation, fire and noise protection regulations, individually up to passive house standard, industrially, very quickly available in any quantities, cost-effectively manufactured and in all buildings - and construction parts, cast to form a monolith. The static elements, construction materials wood, metal, etc., are symmetrically installed/cast in the same type of structure with only a few cross-sections in all components. Due to the same symmetrical structure in all building and construction parts, floor slab, outer walls, inner walls, storey ceiling and all roof shapes, such as flat roof, pent roof, gable roof, physical damage to the building from condensation water accumulation is prevented in all climatic zones of the world.
The symmetrical HMMVB thus corresponds to the ideal of a healthy and inexpensive residential building that will decisively alleviate the current housing shortage with industrial use.

Reference List

1

Support

2

supports

3

upper belt

4

bottom chord

5

slats inside

6

slats outside

7

underlay outside

8th

underlay inside

9

mineral foam filling

10

Wood composite construction system

11

bottom plate

20

threshold

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 202005010123 U1 [0003]
• DE 102018102256 A1 [0004]

Claims (1)

Symmetrical wood-mineral foam monolith composite construction system , characterized in that a composite wood construction system (10) consisting of vertical supports (1) and vertical support supports (2) is given, which is provided with a horizontal top chord (3) and a horizontal bottom chord (4) are connected to one another and a mineral foam filling (9) takes place in the existing cavity of the wood composite construction system (10), the mineral foam filling (9) consisting of ingredients which allow the liquid mineral foam filling (9) to react and through which Reaction of the liquid mineral foam filling (9) in the cavity of the wood composite building system (10) in the composite of the ingredients of the liquid mineral foam filling (9) creates a monolith from all existing structural parts as a whole.

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