DE102021004609A1 - Device and method that can be carried out with it for the non-invasive determination of the concentration of components in the human bloodstream and use of the method. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is in the field of non-invasive detection of concentrations in living tissue. The disadvantage here is that established, programmable assemblies in this area are too expensive to generate the quantities of measurement data necessary for progress with broad market acceptance and market penetration.
The task is to overcome the disadvantage.
The solution is a device that uses a compact laser diode combination as the emitter group, as is also used in CDR/DVD/Blueray multi-drives; this makes industrial bulk prices accessible and the device commercially and scientifically marketable on the appropriate scale. Via programmable and customizable measurement methods and suitable software, data sets can be collected wirelessly and made available in a suitable scale, so that progress in terms of new uses becomes possible.

Description

SCIENTIFIC AREA

The field of non-destructive and non-intrusive property determination is relevant whenever a very valuable workpiece or even a sensitive patient is to be examined without potentially damaging structural changes or painful sampling. Corresponding documents therefore relate to medical applications, technical devices and methods for evaluating corresponding data.

As a medical application already disclosed in 1971 GB 1 521 113 A a contact lens with an integrated sensor, which allows painless conclusions to be drawn about the glucose level of the wearer by continuously monitoring the eye fluid. The DE 33 45 739 C2 discloses how ultrasonic transmitters and detectors can be used in a wristwatch for pulse detection.

In the field of technical devices, the DE 25 01 782 propose to integrate solid-state lasers as transmitters with multiplex function with wavelength selection in semiconductor components. The DE 692 20 942 additionally explains how a diode laser with two or more emission maxima can be obtained. Additionally describes the DE 3 141 448 A1 a flying spot scanner where the transmitter and receiver are designed to scan/inspect an area; piezoelectrically actuated mirrors with optional mirrors act as a wavelength selector to record specific wavelengths separately in suitable detectors. The DE 4014019 A also explains how piezo translators can be used for high-precision phase shifting in interferometry. In addition, the DE 35 87 492 T2 in 1985 how an essentially modulated beam can be used in an improved way to determine distances by comparing interference patterns. Additional, optoelectronic switches and transistors are in the DE 40 00 023 A1 explained; Useful CVD methods can do this DE 690 12 727 T2 be removed. The DE 100 00 324 A1 explains how both FTIR data and microwave data can be obtained simultaneously on a sample. The US 2002 0 026 106 A explains how additional information can be obtained using a multi-detector and various heat profiles and local temperatures. The WO 2002 069 791 explains how physiological data and derivable statements can be obtained and used by impedance spectroscopy through alternating current modulation with varying frequency of the alternating current.

GENERAL BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to a device, a method that can be carried out with it and its application according to the preamble of the independent claims. The non-invasive determination of the concentration of components in the human bloodstream is essential.

A basic device, its use in animals, humans or plants and the formation as a wrist-wearable, watch-like assembly is in the DD 300 132 A5 explained; this document as well as its parallel, priority-establishing documents can be regarded as the scientific and conceptual basis of the present application, which outlines the knowledge and ability of the person skilled in the art relevant here. Further documents are explained below, which explain specific aspects of this knowledge in more detail.

The US 4,655,225A describes in 1987 how the glucose concentration can be determined spectrophotometrically via characteristic signals by selecting the appropriate wavelengths, calibrating with known concentration values and correlating the identified, characteristic values. Typical wavelengths and possible types of radiation are explained in addition. Appropriately, in the DE 38 01 158 A1 proposed a suitable circuit and an associated measurement method in 1989.

The JP H02191434 A disclosed in 1990 that a vein on the wrist can be examined with a device with separate IR emitter and IR detector chambers and can thus be used to optically determine the blood glucose level. The EP 0 426 358 A1 proposes basic assemblies and components as well as the use of an advantageously highly integrated single-chip evaluation processor in a suitable device.

The DE 37 00 577 A1 explained in 1988 how transmission and/or absorption values can be correlated and linked to a concentration when tissue is irradiated with a broad wavelength range, e.g. B. to be able to measure values such as the oxygen content on a finger. The DE 42 42 083 A1 In addition, he explains how measuring errors due to different composition of room air and air gaps can be avoided by placing an optical waveguide on the skin. The DE 44 23 663 A discloses penetration depths and thereby accessible information as a function of wavelength for the general IR range. The DE 44 00 674 A1 suggests additionally equipping a photoacoustic sensor in such a way that the penetration depth of the emitted radiation and the reflecting and detectable reflection and scattering volumes in the living tissue can be designed to be adaptable via control assemblies in order to be able to examine specific tissue or vascular sections in a targeted manner. The DE 43 31 010 A1 how with a sensor array with at least two radiation sources, a corresponding device can provide both a correct alignment to the tissue and a calibration and the subsequent measurement that can be carried out for different substances in human blood with suitable assemblies. Semiconductor pairs with appropriate band gaps and their use in a broadband spectrometer are supplemented in the DE 197 24 682 A1 explained in more detail.

Use of such devices in the network are in the U.S. 5,628,324 explained: Wireless interfaces allow different assemblies to exchange data; Measurement, storage, evaluation and treatment of dangerously deviating, continuously testable concentration values are described here. Recording, evaluation and control circles of such systems are supplemented in the WO1997047237 A1 explained. WO 1999 058048A and WO 1999 07278 A explain possible, advantageous devices in the light of technology that has been available for many years.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART

Generic subject matter according to the preambles of the independent claims provide for correlating data.

From the US 6,477,393 B1 It is known to correlate measurement data and measurement times of an optical, non-invasive measurement in order to use the periods of time in which the venous blood delivers the strongest signal as a function of the heartbeat for evaluating and determining properties of the blood. Consequently, the correlation of data is disclosed here in order to be able to identify and evaluate relevant data with better significance. She sees the same thing WO 2005/078411 propose the correlation of optical data, laser data and microwave data using special emitters, filters and detectors.

Alternatively, the DE 10 2008 023725 B4 proposed to correlate the rotation of the plane of polarization of linearly polarized, incident light with the intensity of the scattered radiation in order to be able to draw more precise conclusions about the blood glucose concentration.

From the EP 3 359 038 B1 a device and a device-related method are known in which IR data and LED blue light data are correlated in order to calculate a blood sugar content including errors; the order in which the data is determined is independent of one another.

The disadvantage of the generic devices is that they do not meet the current demand in the market; the increasingly networked market for personal data expects more and more advanced functionality at typical industry prices. This is opposed by the fact that the concepts, processes and products developed are not available in industrial quantities; consequently the prices are too high. Furthermore, the devices available, especially blood glucose meters, are rated as cheap but not modern enough.

The object of the present invention was therefore to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a device, the method that is possible with it and its use in such a way that an attractive mass price can be made possible despite an innovative concept.

This problem is solved according to the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments result from the dependent claims and the following description.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, the claimed device for non-invasive determination of the concentration of components in the human bloodstream has an optical emitter, a wavelength-selective filter and a detector. It is essential that the device has at least one emitter assembly, the emitter assembly being designed as a compact assembly and having at least 3 integrated laser diodes. Such emitter assemblies are established, for example, for CD-R/DVD/Bluray multi-drives and are available in large numbers in this area; some versions of read/write drives have an additional, more powerful write laser diode. Consequently, the use of these compact assemblies, which are established in the parallel field, enables an industrial mass price that is not accessible in the usual small series in the field of analytical devices relevant here. The at least 3 laser diodes are connected in the module with a common emitter optics and at least infrared radiation that is not easily visible, red light or blue light can be emitted via the emitter module; in the case of read/write assemblies, at least one further emission of higher intensity and/or different wavelength is available and can advantageously provide more correlatable data.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND ADVANTAGEOUS FEATURES

According to the invention, the device for non-invasive determination of the concentration of components in the human bloodstream has an optical emitter, a wavelength-selective filter and a detector. The device includes at least one emitter assembly, in which at least 3 laser diodes are installed in a compact unit. The at least 3 laser diodes are connected to a common emitter optic. At least infrared radiation, red light or blue light can be optionally emitted via the emitter assembly. Infrared radiation includes the wavelength range directly adjoining the visible spectrum from roughly 780nm (violet/indigo; still visible) to 15 microns (near to mid-IR). With red and blue light, a skin surface can first be visually checked for blood-carrying vessels in order to record the location coordinates of the vessels.

The device preferably has at least one coil-actuated mirror deflection unit on the output side of the emitter optics; such deflection units are established in the field of scanner guns of checkout systems; the mechanism allows the targeted deflection of an emitted beam onto a surface. In a direct comparison with piezo-actuated mirrors, the power consumption proved to be significantly lower. Many piezo actuators are designed for maximum accuracy and vary the control voltage over several control loops, which has the disadvantage of high losses. In contrast, the coil-actuated mirror deflection surprisingly proved to be sufficiently accurate and significantly more economical for the present application - here for the identification and targeted irradiation of subcutaneous vascular areas.

The device preferably has a wavelength-selective filter assembly. Wavelength ranges can be limited and specified via selectable range filters. Two piezo-actuated rectangular pinholes that can be moved in opposite directions allow the precise setting of a slit mask / scattering slit. In this way, both scattering patterns and specific beam areas, particularly preferably combined with wavelength-specific refraction, can be set and projected onto a target coordinate. The scattered radiation generated in this way, which includes luminescent, fluorescent and infrared components depending on the wavelength and scattering pattern, is recorded with a detector array. Detector array refers to a number of photo sensors, which convert the various components of the scattered radiation into an electrically processable signal.

The detector array preferably comprises a multi-filter room-temperature photosensor. Such are particularly inexpensive and robust and can be aligned to specific wavelengths using additional multi-filters. This preferred photosensor can convert mid to near IR photons up to 15 micron wavelength and visible light into a measurement signal. The multi-filter allows a monochromatic selection within the visible light spectrum, in particular including red light photons, orange light photons, yellow light photons, green light photons, blue light photons, violet light photons and, in the unfiltered state, photon streams of continuous white light. The photo sensor is therefore sensitive to visible to infrared light and can be advantageously aligned to specific, definable wavelength ranges via the multi-filter; The filters preferably include combinations which can be combined with an accuracy of +-50 1/cm in the wave number range from 800 to 1600 1/cm in order to be able to specifically check characteristic vibrations of organic compounds and their substituents for absorption and/or to be able to record them via their emission.

The device preferably has an FRAM-based, programmable microcontroller with an integrated wireless communication interface that can be switched off as the digital interface and evaluation unit. FRAM memories are non-volatile memories that can store the stored data in the ferroelectric structures and read them out later, even in the event of a power failure. Advantageously, such memories can be switched off and thus contribute significantly to optimized power consumption. A continuous back-up stream that preserves data is not necessary here. In practical tests, FRAM memory proved to be surprisingly stable: the FRAM chip, integrated into a watch-shaped device worn on the wrist, was also able to store data securely and access and use them error-free despite minimal power consumption.

• d) optisches Scannen eines Punktrasters auf einer Oberfläche eines lebenden Körpers; hierbei lenkt bevorzugt eine Spulen-aktuierte Spiegeleinheit den jeweils emittierten Laserstrahl in Zeilen und Reihen auf bestimmte Messpunkte. Optisch wird dies als eine Abfolge von äquidistanten Linien auf der Haut sichtbar. Der Detektor wird - passend getaktet - die Streustrahlung der jeweiligen Messpunkte sukzessiv erfassen, in ein verarbeitbares Signal wandeln und das gewandelte Signal wird als passender Datensatz für den Messpunkt mit vorgebbarer Emitter-Wellenlänge und einstellbarer Detektor-Wellenlänge gekoppelt gespeichert;
• e) Identifikation und Speicherung der Punktraster-Koordinaten, welche eine vorgebbare Farbigkeit im reflektierten Signal aufweisen; durch Prüfung auf spezifische Farbigkeiten können Bereiche identifiziert werden, in denen Blutgefäße mit arteriellem und/oder venösem Blut sichtbar sind und für eine Messung genutzt werden können. Die Ortskoordinaten dieser Bereiche werden bei händisch grob ausgerichtetem Scanner relativ zu optischen Referenzpunkten der Haut oder bei realtiv zur Haut fixiertem Scanner als absolute x-y-Koordinaten des Punkterasters erfasst und gespeichert. So wird ein Satz Punktraster-Koordinaten generiert, welcher zur nachfolgenden Messung verwendet werden kann.
• g1) Scannen der gespeicherten Punktraster-Koordinaten mit anregendemn optischem Licht einer Wellenlänge und Selektion einer ersten Untergruppe über ein erstes, vorgebbares Auswahlkriterium; aus den Punktraster-Koordinaten werden nach erster Messung jene ausgewählt, welche eine ausreichende Signalstärke und/oder passende Antwort-Wellenlänge in der detektierten Strahlung erkennen lassen; dadurch wird die Anzahl der relevanten Messpunkte wirksam optimiert und die Messzeit kann auf ein Minimum beschränkt werden.
• g2.0) Abgleich der Punktraster-Koordinaten der ersten Untergruppe mit vorliegenden Punktraster-Koordinaten der ersten Untergruppe unter Erfassung und Speicherung von Abweichungen.
• g2.1) optional Eliminierung von unsteten Rasterpunkt-Koordinaten aus der ersten Untergruppe; bei mehrfachen Mess-Zyklen wird die Konstanz des Signals eines Messpunkts kontinuierlich als Wert erfasst und kann bei g2.1) vorteilhaft zur Eliminierung von Messpunkten genutzt werden, um effektiv und wirksam nur relevante Messpunkte in eine Endauswertung einfließen zu lassen.
• g3) Scannen der ersten Untergruppe von Punktraster-Koordinaten für mindestens einen vorgebbaren Wellenlängen-Wert, bevorzugt im detektierbaren Rot- bis IR-Bereich, und kumulatives Speichern der Messdaten für den mindestens einen Wellenlängen-Wert, optional für jede Rasterpunkt-Koordinate; der vorgebbare Wellenlängen-Wert ist ein für die gesuchte Substanz charakteristischer Wert oder eine charakteristische Wert-Kombination. Die an den relevanten Messpunkten erhaltene Antwort kann in Summe - für höhere Genauigkeiten auch auf Messpunkte aufgeteilt - in mehreren Messungen aufsummiert und mit einer hinterlegten Tabelle von Signaintensität und zugehöriger Konzentration abgegblichen werden, um einen zugehörigen Konzentrationswert einzeln oder in Summe zu bilden.
• g4) Rücksprung zu Schritt g1 für erneuten Messzyklus, bis eine vorgebbare Anzahl an Messzyklen und/oder Datensätzen vorliegt; je mehr Messzyklen/Datensätze in eine Auswertung einfließen, desto exakter kann die Genauigkeit und zugehörige Schwankung des Messwerts erfasst werden. Vorteilhaft sind hier Regelkreise im Programm vorgesehen, welche bis zum Erreichen einer mindest-Genauigkeit 5 und mehr Messzyklen vorsehen; optional kann durch nutzerseitigen Eingriff die Anzahl der Messzyklen sukzessive per Feedback-Schleife vergrößert werden, bis die Aussagekraft den Ansprüchen des jeweiligen Nutzers genügt.
• h) Auswertung und Ausgabe der kumulativen Messdaten, wobei die erfassten und gespeicherten Abweichungen zur Bewertung und Angabe der Qualität der Messung herangezogen werden; vorteilhaft wird dem Nutzer die Anzahl der relevanten Messpunkte und die Anzahl der Messzyklen ergänzend als grafische Veranschaulichung präsentiert; bevorzugt können typische Fehlerquellen wie verschmutzte Emitteroptik oder nicht ausreichend sichtbare Haut als Hinweise einprogrammiert und ausgegeben werden, wenn die Anzahl der relevanten Messpunkte und/oder deren Konstanz unter vorgebbare Schwellenwerte fällt.

In a method that can be carried out with the device described above, at least the following method steps are provided:

• d) optically scanning a grid of points on a surface of a living body; in this case, a coil-actuated mirror unit preferably directs the respectively emitted laser beam in rows and rows to specific measuring points. This becomes visible as a series of equidistant lines on the skin. The detector will - suitably clocked - successively record the scattered radiation of the respective measuring points and convert it into a processable signal and the converted signal is stored coupled as a suitable data set for the measuring point with a definable emitter wavelength and an adjustable detector wavelength;
• e) Identification and storage of the point grid coordinates, which have a predetermined color in the reflected signal; by checking for specific colors, areas can be identified in which blood vessels with arterial and/or venous blood are visible and can be used for a measurement. The spatial coordinates of these areas are recorded and stored as absolute xy coordinates of the grid of points when the scanner is roughly aligned manually relative to the optical reference points of the skin or when the scanner is fixed relative to the skin. In this way, a set of point grid coordinates is generated, which can be used for the subsequent measurement.
• g1) scanning of the stored point grid coordinates with exciting optical light of one wavelength and selection of a first subgroup via a first, predeterminable selection criterion; After the first measurement, those coordinates are selected from the point grid coordinates which indicate sufficient signal strength and/or a suitable response wavelength in the detected radiation; this effectively optimizes the number of relevant measurement points and the measurement time can be kept to a minimum.
• g2.0) Comparison of the point grid coordinates of the first subgroup with existing point grid coordinates of the first subgroup, recording and storing deviations.
• g2.1) optional elimination of unsteady grid point coordinates from the first subgroup; With multiple measuring cycles, the constancy of the signal of a measuring point is continuously recorded as a value and can be used advantageously in g2.1) to eliminate measuring points in order to effectively and effectively only include relevant measuring points in a final evaluation.
• g3) Scanning the first subgroup of point grid coordinates for at least one predetermined wavelength value, preferably in the detectable red to IR range, and cumulatively storing the measurement data for the at least one wavelength value, optionally for each grid point coordinate; the wavelength value that can be specified is a value that is characteristic of the substance being searched for, or a characteristic value combination. The response obtained at the relevant measuring points can be summed up in several measurements and compared with a stored table of signal intensity and associated concentration in order to form an associated concentration value individually or in total - for greater accuracy also divided among measuring points.
• g4) return to step g1 for a new measurement cycle until a predefinable number of measurement cycles and/or data sets is available; the more measuring cycles/data records are included in an evaluation, the more precisely the accuracy and associated fluctuation of the measured value can be recorded. Advantageously, control circuits are provided in the program, which provide for 5 or more measuring cycles until a minimum accuracy is reached; Optionally, the number of measurement cycles can be successively increased by user intervention via a feedback loop until the meaningfulness meets the requirements of the respective user.
• h) Evaluation and output of the cumulative measurement data, with the recorded and stored deviations being used to evaluate and indicate the quality of the measurement; the number of relevant measurement points and the number of measurement cycles is advantageously presented to the user as a graphic illustration; Typical sources of error such as soiled emitter optics or skin that is not sufficiently visible can preferably be programmed in and output as information if the number of relevant measuring points and/or their constancy falls below predefinable threshold values.

The method preferably also comprises the steps i) storing the output data with a time stamp; j) Comparing the output data with earlier output data and evaluating the uniformity of the output data for a predefinable period of time. Steps i) and j) make it possible for the user and/or a supervisor or program to recognize statistical outliers early on in the light of customary and established measured values, which can indicate a dramatic change and possible, acute causes for this. In the event of sudden discontinuities, this can preferably include the automated check for instabilities in the cardiogram, fever, acute inflammation parameters or the like, in order to be able to check usual and possible causes directly and, if necessary, to be able to indicate any abnormalities that have been identified.

The method preferably also includes the steps a10) positioning the device at a predetermined location of a user a11) acquiring user-specific data as part of a first calibration measurement; b) wireless uploading of encrypted user data; c) Entry, optional wireless NFC transmission, of a password by the user; d) decrypting the user data by correlating the data from a1) and c); in this way, different users can access their respective data via a wireless data network, whereby bio-based authentication with at least two factors is guaranteed by user-specific encryption using user-specific features and codes provided by the user. This allows multiple users to provide and supplement their specifically stored and created data one after the other with one device, without having to fear that one user might inspect the data of another user.

The method preferably also includes the steps a01) activating a substance calibration mode by entering a substance name; a02) generating a first data set for a zero line; a03) input of a known concentration value as a reference value and scanning of a body surface which has the known concentration value while generating a further data set for the known concentration value; a04) generating a difference data set for a signal correlation a02 and a03; a05) return to a03, changing the known concentration value;
until several data sets have been generated for a desired concentration range;
a06) Evaluation of the multiple data sets;
a07) Identification of at least one characteristic wavelength value;
a08) Correlation of signal strength and concentration for the identified, characteristic wavelength values, calculating the fluctuation to be expected;
a09) Storage or export of the correlation data from a08 as a definable wavelength value with a correlation table.

Steps a01 to a09 allow users to generate correlation tables that are specific and can also be individually tailored to users; Metabolites and/or blood parameters for other substances and/or metabolites can thus be used by users for individual areas of application such as e.g. B. Balanced diet, individual metabolic speeds for proteins, carbohydrates or fats, degradation kinetics of painkillers and much more are created, advantageously collected in a common data pool and made available to science.

Against this background, the present description also discloses software on/in a data medium, which provides the explained method executable on a computer, preferably on a device of the type described above with a single-chip processor with wireless communication, preferably additionally with a central Record acquisition and data collection connects.

In preferred modifications, the method can be used for a new purpose, the purpose selected from the group consisting of monitoring a chemical reaction in a printing process; Detection of the permeation rate of fluorescently labeled, metabolizable microplastics in living tissue; Anonymous verification of pandemic-specific feature combinations in access areas; continuous monitoring of a balanced diet in equestrian sports; tumor analytics; sports medicine support; virus detection; bacteria detection; Detection of pathogenic infections via characteristic metabolites; detection of characteristic drug metabolites; detection of characteristic metabolites of hormones; detection of characteristic drug metabolites; detection of characteristic metabolites of alcohol; integration into checkout and monitoring systems; synthesis of chemicals; process management in chemical synthesis; gas chromatography; DNA analysis; HIV test procedures; pregnancy tests; Breeding and Plan systems fertility test; investigation of inflammation; food testing; Investigation of the metabolism kinetics of food; determining the GI index of foods; check for poisoning; Use in work protection and work safety systems; blood analysis; emergency medical history; outpatient medical history; grain size measurement; technical test systems; color synthesis; pigmentation analysis; metal analysis; Beverage Analysis.

Further advantages result from the exemplary embodiment. Unless specifically described as such, the features and advantages described above and the following exemplary embodiments are not to be understood as conclusive feature combinations. Additional, advantageous features, measures and assemblies and additional combinations of features, as explained in the description and established in the scientific field and in the general background, can be realized within the scope of the independent claims in the claimed subject matter, both individually and in different combinations, without the Scope of the invention would leave.

EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT

An emitter assembly of a multi-compatible read/write drive compatible with the emitter type KES490A was integrated into a coil-actuated XY deflection unit of a hand-held scanner. Control is via a suitably designed Single-board, single-chip computer based on FRAM, programmable in assembler or C. The housing is the display unit of a wrist-worn operating unit from the IoT area, the underside of which has openings for the emitter and detector. A room temperature multi-array with a selectable, connectable multi-filter serves as a detector. As a proof of concept, a sequence of steps including the identification, testing and selection of suitable point grid coordinates, evaluation of the signal quality and correlation with a measurement signal concentration table was initially programmed. 18 patients were checked anonymously and with parallel determination of the blood glucose level using a standard stab test as a database; in 66% the first, uncorrected correlation yielded results within the accuracy range of the reference system (+- 15%). A higher or lower value was determined for 33%.

Supplementing the software with a multiple measurement method for selecting relevant, reliable sensor measurement points increased the accuracy of the analysis considerably: the accuracy of the results showed less fluctuation than the reference system operating with a lancet and blood sample promised.

For the first time, a measuring device could be made available with a compact multi-emitter assembly from the field of consumer electronics that could be used commercially and was suitable for the masses, which, via its programmable interface, enables a broad, progress-promoting application and further educational uses.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The present invention is in the field of non-invasive detection of concentrations in living tissue. The disadvantage here is that established, programmable assemblies in this area are too expensive to generate the quantities of measurement data necessary for progress with broad market acceptance and market penetration.

The task is to overcome the disadvantage.

The solution is a device that uses a compact laser diode combination as the emitter group, as is also used in CDR/DVD/Blueray multi-drives; this makes industrial bulk prices accessible and the device commercially and scientifically marketable on the appropriate scale. Via programmable and customizable measurement methods and suitable software, data sets can be collected wirelessly and made available in a suitable scale, so that progress in terms of new uses becomes possible.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

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Claims (10)

Device for non-invasive determination of the concentration of components in the human bloodstream, having an optical emitter, a wavelength-selective filter and a detector, characterized in that the device has at least one emitter assembly, the emitter assembly having at least 3 laser diodes and the at least 3 laser diodes with are connected to a common emitter optics and optionally at least infrared radiation, red light or blue light can be output via the emitter assembly. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the device has at least one coil-actuated mirror deflection unit on the output side of the emitter optics. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has a wavelength-selective filter assembly comprising selectable range filters, two mutually movable, piezo-actuated rectangular pinhole diaphragms and a detector array. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detector array consists of a multi-filter room-temperature photosensor which is designed to detect photons in the medium to near IR with a wavelength of up to 15 micrometers, in particular photons in the wave number range from 800 to 1600 1/ cm, as well as photons of red light, photons of yellow light, photons of blue light and photon streams of continuous white light, into a measurement signal. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has an FRAM-based, programmable microcontroller with an integrated wireless communication interface that can be switched off as a digital interface and evaluation unit. A method which can be carried out with a device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of d) optically scanning a grid of points on a surface of a living body; e) Identification and storage of the point grid coordinates, which have a predetermined color in the reflected signal; g1) scanning of the stored point grid coordinates with exciting optical light of one wavelength and selection of a first subgroup via a first, predeterminable selection criterion; g2.0) Adjustment of the point grid coordinates of the first subgroup with existing point grid coordinates of the first subgroup, recording and storing deviations g2.1) optional elimination of unsteady grid point coordinates from the first subgroup g3) Scanning of the first subgroup of point grid Coordinates for at least one predetermined wavelength value, preferably in the detectable red to IR range, and cumulative storage of the measurement data for the at least one wavelength value, optionally for each grid point coordinate g4) return to step g1 for a new measurement cycle until a predeterminable number of measurement cycles and/or data sets is available h) evaluation and output of the cumulative measurement data, with the recorded and stored deviations being used to evaluate and indicate the quality of the measurement. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the method further comprises the steps i) storing the output data with a time stamp; j) comparison of the output data with earlier output data and evaluation of the uniformity of the output data for a predefinable period of time; includes. Method according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the method further includes the steps a10) positioning the device at a predetermined location of a user a11) acquiring user-specific data as part of a first calibration measurement; b) wireless uploading of encrypted user data; c) Entry, optional wireless NFC transmission, of a password by the user; d) decrypting the user data by correlating the data from a1) and c); includes. Method according to one of the three preceding claims, characterized in that the method further includes the steps a01) activating a substance calibration mode by entering a substance name; a02) generating a first data set for a zero line; a03) input of a known concentration value as a reference value and scanning of a body surface which has the known concentration value while generating a further data set for the known concentration value; a04) generating a difference data record for a signal correlation; a05) return to a03 while changing the known concentration value until several data sets have been generated for a desired concentration range; a06) Evaluation of the multiple data sets; a07) Identification of at least one characteristic wavelength value; a08) Correlation of signal strength and concentration for the identified, characteristic wavelength values, calculating the fluctuation to be expected; a09) Storage or Export of the correlation data from a08 as a definable wavelength value with a correlation table. Use of the method according to one of the four preceding claims for a new purpose, the purpose selected from the group consisting of monitoring a chemical reaction in a printing process; Detection of the permeation rate of fluorescently labeled, metabolizable microplastics in living tissue; Anonymous verification of pandemic-specific feature combinations in access areas; Accompaniment of a balanced diet in equestrian sports; tumor analysis; sports medicine support; virus detection; bacteria detection; Detection of pathogenic infections via characteristic metabolites; detection of characteristic drug metabolites; detection of characteristic metabolites of hormones; detection of characteristic drug metabolites; detection of characteristic metabolites of alcohol; integration into checkout and monitoring systems; synthesis of chemicals; process management in chemical synthesis; gas chromatography; DNA analysis; HIV test procedures; pregnancy tests; Breeding and Plan systems fertility test; investigation of inflammation; food testing; Investigation of the metabolism kinetics of food; determining the GI index of foods; check for poisoning; Use in work protection and work safety systems; blood analysis; emergency medical history; outpatient medical history; grain size measurement; technical test systems; color synthesis; pigmentation analysis; metal analysis; Beverage Analysis.