DE102021003721A1 - Method of manufacturing an elastic yarn and fabric, and fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing a technical yarn with an extensible core around which at least one other yarn is spirally wound, characterized in that the core is stretched by a factor of 200 to 400% before winding and the stretching is eliminated after winding will.

Description

The invention relates to a production process for a silicone-based technical yarn and a process for the production of an elastic fabric and an elastic fabric containing this yarn.

The basic fabrics used to date for work, deployment or combat clothing, equipped with special properties and provided with the appropriate color or camouflage prints, do not have sufficient stretchability to ensure sufficient mobility when worn. The disadvantage of these fabrics is that these fabrics only have a low inherent stretch due to their manufacturing process and the respective fabric construction.

For example, from the utility model specification DE 20 2012 012 092 U1 discloses a flame retardant garment comprising: a fabric tailored to cover at least a portion of a wearer's body, the fabric including first yarns combined with second yarns, the first yarns including filament yarns composed of inherently heavy flammable material, wherein the second yarns comprise spun yarns which inherently contain flame retardant fibers and the ratio of filament yarns in the fabric to spun yarns is from 2:3 to 1:3.

Furthermore, the German translation of a European patent specification is disclosed DE 60 2004 007 816 T2 a single layer fabric containing two yarns. A so-called “comfort” yarn made of cellulosic material and a technical yarn with high resistance to abrasion and temperature are woven or knitted so that they form at least two distinct areas in the thickness of the fabric, a first, outer, area predominantly made of technical yarn and a second, inner area predominantly made of "comfort" yarn, the two areas being at least partially intertwined, characterized in that the technical yarn is a yarn made of continuous fibers, the core of which covers at least 75% of its surface with a coating is covered, which at least partially contains natural fibers.

All of these known fabrics have in common that the inherent stretching of the fabric is very limited and the stretchability of the articles can only be achieved through suitable incisions.

The object of the invention is therefore first of all to provide a method for producing a technical yarn which on the one hand is elastic and on the other hand has all technical and safety-relevant requirements such as flame retardancy, antistatic effectiveness and vector protection equipment, including printability with camouflage prints or dyeability, as well as a fabric which consists at least in parts of the technical yarn and to present a fabric which consists at least in parts of the technical yarn.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the main claim and the dependent claims. Advantageous configurations are described in the dependent claims.

The method according to the invention makes it possible for the first time to use highly elastic, technical yarns in such a way that, in addition to flame retardancy, both excellent stretchability and the inclusion of a finish, here vector protection finish and dyeing/printability, are possible. Due to the stretching of the yarn core during production by a factor of 200 to 400%, the looping/winding yarns are applied so tightly that the yarn according to the invention, after weaving or knitting, also has other technical properties, such as vector protection and mechanical stress, even under mechanical stress not lose color fastness. The spirally spun yarn completely covers the soul.

The entwining or spiral winding can take place in one direction around the axis of the core. With two or more other technical yarns, however, it is advantageous to use both possible wrapping directions in order to prevent distortion in the fabric. For example, a first additional yarn is wrapped around the core in the S degree direction and a second additional yarn is wrapped in the Z degree direction. Of course, it is also possible to loop the other technical yarns around the stretchable core in multiple layers, i. H. first and second additional yarn initially in the S degree direction and first and second additional yarn in the Z degree direction. The other technical yarns can first be twisted together or individually wound around the core.

The core of the yarn according to the invention is already suitable for a temperature range between -40 to +350° C., is UV, solvent, chemical and weather resistant and z. T. Resistant to friction and becomes non-toxic ash when burned. Nevertheless, the core is tightly wrapped with at least one other yarn in a spindle shape, for example to improve flame retardancy, to implement camouflage printing/coloring and vector protection. At the same time, the soul is protected by the entwining yarns.

• M-Aramid-Typ Faser sind technische Fasern und zeichnen sich aus durch eine hervorragende thermische und chemische Beständigkeit. Leider liegt die Bruchdehnung je nach Faser nur zwischen 1,5 bis 4 % und damit zwischen beispielsweise Glas- und Carbonfasern. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Umschlingung des vorgespannten elastischen Kerns mit dem daraus gefertigten Garn wird die Dehnung des erfindungsgemäßen Garns auf über 500 % erhöht.

The other technical yarns feature intimately mixed fibers. Different fiber percentages as well as different yarns can loop/wind around the core of the inventive yarn as further technical yarns.

• M-aramid type fibers are technical fibers and are characterized by excellent thermal and chemical resistance. Unfortunately, the elongation at break is only between 1.5 and 4% depending on the fiber and thus between, for example, glass and carbon fibers. The elongation of the yarn according to the invention is increased to over 500% by the inventive wrapping of the prestressed elastic core with the yarn made from it.

Viscose FR fiber is also a technical fiber and is known for its flame retardant properties as well as the possibility of applying vector protection and the possibility of printability in the finished yarn. Vector protection, i.e. protection against stinging insects, is primarily necessary in the manufacture of operational and combat clothing, but also plays a role in the impregnation of work clothing, for example in agriculture. Camouflage prints or color versions are required for all types of uniform clothing, for example work clothing in company colors, operational clothing in signal colors or uniform parts with camouflage print. Unfortunately, the viscose fiber alone, and especially in the wet state, has a low strength and thus also a low elongation at break, which is increased to over 400% by the production method according to the invention with a prestressed core.

Antistatic fibers prevent antistatic charging of objects and clothing. Even in very small quantities of between 1 and 10% in the fabric, the fabric achieves antistatic properties. It depends on the even and constant distribution of the antistatic fibers in the yarns for good antistatic effectiveness. The method according to the invention makes it possible to introduce an antistatic property by adding it to the yarn and ultimately by wrapping it around the pretensioned core. The incorporation of an antistatic yarn is optionally possible. In the weft, after a specified number of weft threads, an elastic weft thread is additionally wrapped with an antistatic thread. The property is also present when the resulting yarn is stretched over 500%.

A further advantage of the yarn according to the invention is its use for producing a fabric which consists at least in part of the yarn according to the invention. In the process, warp threads are first spun from the other yarns and twisted. The other yarns are m-aramide or polyamide/imide and viscose FR yarns with an antistatic component. The additional yarns allow the additional properties of the elastic yarn, such as flame-retardant, abrasion-resistant, vector protection-compatible and printable/dyeable, to be implemented on the fabric. They can only be used as warp threads on conventional weaving machines, in fabric widths of 1.5 to 3.5 m, depending on their material properties and twisting. All weft threads consist of the yarn with an elastic core and other yarns wrapped around it in a spiral. The weft threads are stretched during the weft and thus bound with the warp threads. The twill weave is advantageously used because of the better dimensional and fabric stability. Other bindings are of course conceivable. The stretching of the weft threads causes the fabric to shrink when it is taken off the loom and, above all, during the pretreatment of the fabric. This creates the greatest elasticity and the subsequent finishing (camouflage printing; vector protection) stabilizes the elasticity and future washing shrinkage is achieved. This shrinkage has the effect that the fabric is extremely elastic under mechanical stress in the weft direction, but does not become thin and permeable and, above all, does not lose vector protection and color fastness. Another advantage of this process is that the inelastic warp threads create a fabric that can be advantageously connected to other cut parts during manufacture, thus combining dimensionally stable properties with high flexibility and wearing comfort.

Conventional, elastic fabrics have the disadvantage of becoming thin and permeable under mechanical stress. The colors appear dull and faded because the prints are extremely stretched and thus enlarged. In contrast, the fabric according to the invention has the advantage that these disadvantages are eliminated due to the inelastic warp threads in connection with the highly elastic but pretensioned weft threads. Although the initial tension initially causes the textile webs to shrink when they are removed from the weaving machine, finishing the fabric (pressure and VS) then results in an even, smooth and surface-stabilized fabric. Manufacturing the fabric according to these properties leads to hard-wearing and highly functional garments Backs that are highly elastic in certain directions, while maintaining safety-related requirements such as flame retardancy, print, color finish and vector protection. Such garments are ideally suited for work, rescue and combat clothing.

The result is a textile fabric (fabric) in which high functional and safety-related requirements such as printability/dyeability, antistatic effectiveness, flame retardancy, vector protection equipment and other equipment can be technically implemented.

The manufacturing method according to the invention is implemented as follows, for example. Two yarns of fineness Nm 42/1 (single yarn) with a material composition of 49% viscose FR/49% m-aramid/2% antistatic are twisted in two layers as a covered yarn, twisted in opposite directions (1x S-direction and 1x Z-direction) and around the stretchable core wound. In this process, the stretchable core is stretched by 200 to 400%. The change in direction ensures stability so that there is no distortion around the fabric at the end.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 202012012092 U1 [0003]
• DE 602004007816 T2 [0004]

Claims (7)

Process for producing a technical yarn with an extensible core around which at least one other yarn is spirally wound, characterized in that - the core is stretched by a factor of 200 to 400% before winding and - the stretching is canceled after winding. Manufacturing process claim 1 characterized in that the further yarn has fibers made of M-aramid or polyamide/imide for flame retardancy. Procedure according to one of Claims 1 and 2 , characterized in that further fibers_of a technical yarn are viscose FR fibers for receiving the vector protection and can be dyed. Procedure according to one of Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that further fibers of a technical yarn are for deriving electrical-static potentials. Process for the production of a fabric with a technical yarn, characterized in that - the twisted, worsted-spun warp threads, - with weft thread-dependent elongation of the weft threads according to claim 1 to be bound. procedure after claim 5 characterized in that the binding is a body binding. Fabric having a warp and a weft direction, characterized in that - the elasticity in the warp direction is 2 to 7%, depending on the weave, - the elasticity in the weft direction, depending on the weft thread, is up to 75% and - the fabric is flame retardant, antistatic, printable, dyeable and has effective vector protection equipment.