DE102020214339A1 - Media splitting machine, turbocharger with such a media splitting machine and power generation device with such a turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical media splitting machine (7) for a turbocharger (3), in particular an exhaust gas turbocharger of a power generating device (1), with a housing (9), a rotor (11) being rotatably mounted in the housing (9), and with - A stator (13) fixed to the housing, which has a drive winding (15) for generating a drive magnetic field, wherein between the rotor (11) and an inner wall of the housing (9) a media gap encompassing an axis of rotation (A) of the rotor (11) in an annular manner (17) is formed, which is traversed by a media flow of a medium during operation of the media gap machine (7), the stator (13) arranged within the media gap (17) and connected to the housing (9) by at least one stator web (19) is rotatably connected.

Description

The invention relates to an electrical media splitting machine for a turbocharger, a turbocharger with such a media splitting machine and a power generation device with such a turbocharger.

An electrical media splitting machine has a housing in which a rotor is rotatably mounted. It also has a stator that is fixed to the housing and has an in particular multi-phase drive winding for generating an in particular multi-pole drive magnetic field. A media gap is formed between the rotor and an inner wall of the housing, encompassing an axis of rotation of the rotor in a ring shape, which gives the media gap machine its name, and which is penetrated by a media flow of a medium when the media gap machine is in operation. This makes it possible on the one hand to use the media splitting machine in a particularly efficient and simple manner in connection with the conveyance and / or compression of a medium, for example to drive or support a media compressor, and on the other hand to use the media splitting machine advantageously through the medium penetrating the media gap is cooled.

Such an electrical media splitting machine can in particular be combined with a turbocharger, in particular an exhaust gas turbocharger of a power generation device, in particular an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell. The electric media splitting machine then serves in particular to support the turbocharger, for example to be able to set the compression output of the turbocharger largely independently of an instantaneous exhaust gas flow from a power generation device, whereby a so-called turbo lag can be overcome by an electric motor or a lack of exhaust gas energy supply can be compensated for. At certain operating points, the media splitting machine can also be operated as a generator, so that, for example, flow energy can be recuperated as electrical energy by the turbocharger.

the end EP 1 182 346 A2 a media splitting machine is known in which the stator is integrated into the housing. This common design means that the stator is difficult to cool. In addition, the housing must be manufactured in a comparatively complicated and therefore costly manner in order to be able to integrate the drive winding of the stator into the housing.

The invention is based on the object of creating an electrical media splitting machine for a turbocharger, a turbocharger with such an electrical media splitting machine and a power generation device with such a turbocharger, the disadvantages mentioned being reduced, preferably avoided, at least to a certain extent.

The object is achieved in that the present technical teaching is provided, in particular the teaching of the independent claims and the embodiments disclosed in the dependent claims and the description.

The object is achieved in particular by developing an electrical media gap machine in such a way that the stator is arranged within the media gap and is non-rotatably connected to the housing by at least one stator bar, preferably by a plurality of stator bars. In this case, the stator does not limit the media gap and is also not integrated into the housing, but rather - in particular in the manner of a gondola - is arranged in the media gap at a distance from the inner wall of the housing by the at least one stator web. The arrangement of the stator in the media gap around which the medium flows, in particular, on the one hand advantageously improves the cooling of the stator, on the other hand the housing of the media gap machine can advantageously be designed in a simpler manner since it does not have to accommodate the drive winding

In particular, the drive winding of the stator is preferably integrated into a stator housing, which is preferably designed in the manner of a gondola, the stator housing being held non-rotatably on the housing by the at least one stator web. The at least one stator web preferably extends from the inner wall of the housing to the stator housing.

In a preferred refinement, the stator housing is shaped in a flow-favorable manner, in particular flow-dynamically, that is to say with low flow resistance, so that the media flow can flow around it easily and without resistance. The shape of the stator housing is advantageously used to influence the media flow in the media gap, in particular to improve it with a view to the behavior of a turbocharger downstream of the media gap machine in the flow direction.

According to a preferred embodiment, the stator is non-rotatably connected to the housing by three stator webs. This has the advantage of a stable mounting of the stator with at the same time low flow resistance for the media flow and a material and cost-saving implementation of the arrangement of the stator webs and the stator.

Alternatively, it is preferably provided that the stator is non-rotatably connected to the housing via four stator webs. In this case, the stability of the arrangement of the stator and also of the stator webs is advantageously increased. In addition, the effect of the stator webs as described below as a pre-guide device, that is to say for generating swirl, is preferably advantageously increased.

The stator webs are preferably evenly distributed as seen in the circumferential direction, that is to say they are arranged at equal angular distances from one another along the circumferential direction. In particular, the arrangement of the stator webs and the stator preferably has multiple, in particular three or four-fold, rotational symmetry.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one stator web, preferably the at least one stator web and the stator housing, has at least one plastic. In this way, the corresponding components are inexpensive and easy to manufacture. The at least one stator web, preferably also the stator housing, is preferably made of the at least one plastic. The advantages mentioned are realized in a special way.

The rotor preferably has at least one permanent magnet, preferably a plurality of permanent magnets, which, when the media splitting machine is in operation, interact with the drive magnetic field generated by the drive winding in order to set the rotor in rotation.

According to a development of the invention it is provided that the media gap has an outer partial media gap which is arranged between the stator and the housing, in particular between the stator and the inner wall of the housing. The outer partial media gap is preferably designed in such a way that a major portion of the media flow flows through the outer partial media gap.

According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the at least one stator web is shaped and / or adjusted in such a way that a first partial media flow of the media flow that passes through the outer partial media gap, when the media gap machine is in operation, a twist through the at least one stator web, that is, a rotational movement component or an angular momentum is conveyed. In this way, on the one hand, the flow behavior for a part downstream of the media splitting machine, for example a turbocharger, can be improved, with a surge limit advantageously being able to be shifted, particularly in the case of a turbocharger; on the other hand, the at least one stator web, which holds the stator and, in particular, connects it to the housing in a rotationally fixed manner, can be used in a simple and cost-effective manner to improve the flow behavior of the medium in the medium gap. This is therefore not only aerodynamically shaped, in particular to advantageously reduce its flow resistance, but it fulfills a function with a view to the flow properties of the medium in the media gap, in that the stator bar communicates the corresponding swirl to the medium, i.e. the media flow, when it is flowed around by the medium during operation of the media splitting machine.

The at least one stator web serves - in particular in combination with the stator housing - as a pre-guide device for generating swirl.

The fact that the at least one stator web is shaped in such a way that the swirl is imparted to the media flow passing through the media gap means in particular that it has a suitable external shape, for example the shape of a blade or the like, so that the flow flowing past the stator web receives a swirl .

The fact that the at least one stator bar is positioned in such a way that the swirl is imparted to the media flow means in particular that it is arranged at a suitable angle to the media flow, in particular at a suitable angle to an axial direction, so that the media flow when it flows around the stator bar Twist is imparted.

It is also possible for the at least one stator web to be shaped and positioned in such a way that the swirl is imparted to the media flow passing through the media gap.

The axial direction is understood here to mean a direction which extends parallel to the axis of rotation, wherein it preferably coincides with the axis of rotation. A radial direction or radial direction is perpendicular to the axis of rotation, while a circumferential direction concentrically surrounds the axis of rotation.

According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one stator web is shaped and / or adjusted in such a way that it imparts a co-swirl to the media flow with respect to the direction of rotation of the compressor wheel, that is to say flow in the direction of rotation of the compressor wheel. This advantageously shifts the compressor map to lower volume flows.

According to another preferred embodiment, the at least one stator web is shaped and / or adjusted in such a way that it imparts a counter-swirl to the media flow, that is to say the flow against the direction of rotation of the compressor wheel. This advantageously shifts the compressor map to higher volume flows.

The first partial media flow can in particular be a main part of the media flow or also the entire media flow. It is therefore not absolutely provided that there is a further partial media flow in addition to the first partial media flow, so the media flow is not necessarily divided. However, it is possible that, in addition to the first partial media flow, there is at least one further partial media flow which does not flow through the outer partial media gap.

According to a development of the invention it is provided that the media gap has an inner partial media gap which is arranged between the rotor and the stator. In this case, the inner partial media gap is preferably penetrated by a second partial media flow of the media flow when the media gap machine is in operation. In this embodiment, the media flow can flow around the stator, in particular the stator housing, in a particularly favorable flow manner, this being divided into the first partial media flow and the second partial media flow. In this way, the overall flow of media can also be influenced particularly favorably by the shape of the stator, in particular the stator housing.

In principle, the media flow can be divided into any proportions between the first partial media flow and the second partial media flow. In particular, the outer partial media gap and the inner partial media gap can also be designed as desired relative to one another with regard to their respective gap widths measured in the radial direction. In a preferred embodiment, however, the inner partial media gap is designed to be significantly smaller, that is to say in particular with a significantly smaller gap width, than the outer partial media gap. Accordingly, the first partial media flow preferably forms the main part of the media flow, the second partial media flow representing a smaller, in particular a very much smaller, part of the media flow.

According to a further development of the invention it is provided that a flow channel is formed in the housing, which is set up to guide a recirculation flow for the turbocharger along a recirculation flow direction counter to a media flow direction of the media flow prevailing in the media gap. In this way, in particular, a map-stabilizing measure is provided for the turbocharger interacting with the media gap machine.

The flow channel is preferably arranged and / or designed in such a way that it can absorb the recirculation flow, in particular on the compressor side, return it against the media flow direction and feed it back into the media flow, in particular into the media gap, at a suitable point upstream of the compressor.

A media flow direction is to be understood in particular as a main flow direction of the medium in the media gap. Irrespective of any local deviations from the main flow direction or a swirl superimposed on the main flow direction, the medium flows in the media gap at least essentially in the axial direction, that is to say in the direction of the axis of rotation. The recirculation flow direction is opposite to the media flow direction; the part of the medium recirculated through the flow channel thus flows at least in regions, preferably essentially, counter to the main flow direction of the medium in the media gap.

In order to improve the flow to the rotor, a flow cap can be assigned to it, offset along the axis of rotation in the flow direction, which is then arranged in the axial direction upstream of the rotor, that is to say in front of the rotor. If this inflow cap is not connected non-rotatably to the rotor itself, it is non-rotatably connected to the housing and / or to the stator via a plurality of webs.

According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the webs via which the inflow cap is non-rotatably connected to the housing and / or to the stator are shaped or adjusted in such a way that the media flow penetrating the media gap or the second part penetrating the inner partial media gap -Media flow through the webs when the media splitting machine is in operation, a twist, i.e. a rotational movement component or an angular momentum, is imparted. In this way, on the one hand, the flow behavior for a part downstream of the media splitting machine, for example a turbocharger, can be improved, with a surge limit advantageously being able to be shifted, particularly in the case of a turbocharger; on the other hand, to improve the flow behavior of the medium in the medium gap, the webs can be used in a simple and cost-effective manner, which hold the inflow cap and in particular connect it to the housing and / or the stator in a rotationally fixed manner. These are therefore not only aerodynamically shaped, in particular in order to advantageously reduce their flow resistance, but they fulfill a function with a view to the flow properties of the medium in the media gap by communicating the corresponding swirl to the medium, i.e. the media flow, when they are in the The medium flows around the operation of the media splitting machine. At the same time, the inflow cap directs the inflowing medium past the rotating rotor, so that the medium flow is also designed favorably in this area.

The webs serve in particular as a guide device for generating swirl.

The object is also achieved by creating a turbocharger which has a media splitting machine according to the invention or a media splitting machine according to one of the exemplary embodiments described above. The media splitting machine is arranged upstream of a compressor wheel of the turbocharger. The media gap machine is used in particular to support the compression of the turbocharger by means of an electric motor, with the air to be compressed flowing through the media gap of the media gap machine when the same is in operation. In this embodiment, the advantages already explained above in connection with the media splitting machine are realized in a special way.

In particular, the flow towards the compressor wheel is preferably improved via the at least one stator web. In addition, the at least one stator web preferably improves the efficiency of the turbocharger and defines its characteristic field more precisely.

The turbocharger is preferably designed as an exhaust gas turbocharger of a power generation device, in particular an internal combustion engine or fuel cell.

According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the rotor of the media splitting machine is connected to the shaft of the compressor wheel in a rotationally fixed manner. This represents a particularly compact and simple design of the turbocharger in combination with the media splitting machine.

The object is finally also achieved by creating a power generation device which has a turbocharger according to the invention or a turbocharger according to one of the exemplary embodiments described above. In connection with the power generation device, there are in particular the advantages already explained in connection with the media gap machine and the turbocharger.

According to a preferred embodiment, the power generation device is an internal combustion engine. According to another preferred embodiment, the power generation device is a fuel cell.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The single FIGURE shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a power generation device with an exemplary embodiment of a turbocharger which has an exemplary embodiment of a media splitting machine.

The single FIGURE shows a schematic detailed illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a power generation device designed as an internal combustion engine 1 who have favourited a turbocharger 3 having. In particular, a compressor wheel is shown 5 of the turbocharger 3 .

The power generation device can alternatively be designed as a fuel cell.

The turbocharger 3 has a media splitting machine 7th on, the so upstream of the compressor wheel 5 is arranged that it is in operation of to the compressor wheel 5 flowing combustion air is penetrated.

The electric media splitting machine 7th has a housing 9 on in which a rotor 11 is rotatably mounted. In addition, the media splitting machine has 7th a stator fixed to the housing 13th on, with a particular multi-phase drive winding 15th for generating a particularly multi-pole drive magnetic field.

Between the rotor 11 and an inner wall 16 of the housing 9 is a media gap 17th formed, the one axis of rotation A of the rotor 11 encircled in a ring. The axis of rotation A defines an axial direction. In operation of the media splitting machine 7th is the media gap 17th penetrated by a media flow of a medium, in particular combustion air of the internal combustion engine. The media gap 17th is therefore in operation by the compressor wheel 5 inflowing combustion air penetrates, i.e. the combustion air flows through the media gap 17th to the compressor wheel 5 .

The stator 13th is inside the media gap 17th arranged and by at least one stator web 19th , preferably by a plurality of stator bars 19th , especially three stator bars 19th or four stator bars, with the housing 9 non-rotatably connected. This is how the stator is cooled 13th improved, and the case 9 can be done more simply, especially because it is the drive winding 15th does not have to record.

The media gap 17th has an outer partial media gap 17.1 on that between the stator 13th and the inner wall 16 of the housing 9 is arranged.

The at least one stator web is preferred 19th shaped and / or employed in such a way that he is a first partial media flow of the media gap 17th penetrating media flow - whereby the first partial media flow is the outer partial media gap 17.1 interspersed - in the operation of the media splitting machine 7th imparted a twist. This can in particular be a co-twist or a counter-twist in relation to a direction of rotation of the compressor wheel 5 be. The swirl that is imparted to the first partial flow of media is advantageous in the characteristic diagram of the turbocharger 3 , especially the surge line, shifted.

The media gap preferably has 17th an inner partial media gap 17.2 on that between the rotor 11 and the stator 13th is arranged. The inner partial media gap 17.2 is preferably in operation of the media splitting machine 7th penetrated by a second partial media flow of the media flow. The inner partial media gap is preferred 17.2 very much smaller, in particular much less ready, than the outer partial media gap 17.1 so that the second partial media flow is also much lower than the first partial media flow. A main part of the media flow is thus formed by the first partial media flow and penetrates the outer partial media gap 17.1 .

In a preferred embodiment, it is upstream of the rotor 11 a flow cap 21 arranged, which the flow to the rotor 11 improved by the media flow. This inflow cap 21 is preferably over a plurality of webs 23 with the case 9 and / or with the stator 13th , in the embodiment shown here only with the stator 13th , non-rotatably connected.

It is possible that the webs 23 are shaped or adjusted in such a way that the second partial media flow through the webs 23 in operation of the media splitting machine 7th a twist is also imparted.

In the case 9 is preferably a flow channel 25th designed, which is set up to provide a recirculation flow for the turbocharger 3 to lead along a recirculation flow direction. The recirculation flow direction is a media flow direction of the media flow in the media gap 17th opposite. In this way, a map-stabilizing measure for the turbocharger is advantageous 3 provided.

The rotor is preferred 11 with a wave 27 of the compressor wheel 5 non-rotatably connected.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• EP 1182346 A2 [0004]

Claims (9)

Electric media splitting machine (7) for a turbocharger (3), in particular an exhaust gas turbocharger of a power generating device (1) - A housing (9), a rotor (11) being rotatably mounted in the housing (9), and with - A stator (13) which is fixed to the housing and has a drive winding (15) for generating a drive magnetic field, wherein - Between the rotor (11) and an inner wall of the housing (9) a media gap (17) encompassing an axis of rotation (A) of the rotor (11) is formed, through which a media flow of a medium passes when the media splitting machine (7) is in operation , whereby - The stator (13) is arranged within the media gap (17) and is non-rotatably connected to the housing (9) by at least one stator web (19). Media splitting machine (7) after Claim 1 wherein the media gap (17) has an outer partial media gap (17.1) which is arranged between the stator (13) and the housing (9). Media splitting machine (7) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one stator web (19) is shaped and / or adjusted in such a way that a first partial media flow of the media flow penetrating the outer partial media gap (17.1) through the at least one stator web (19 ) a twist is imparted during operation of the media splitting machine (7). Media splitting machine (7) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the media gap (17) has an inner partial media gap (17.2) which is arranged between the rotor (11) and the stator (13). Media gap machine (7) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a flow channel (25) is formed in the housing (9) which is set up to generate a recirculation flow for the turbocharger (3) along a recirculation flow direction opposite to a media flow direction of the media flow in the media gap ( 17) to lead. Turbocharger (3), in particular exhaust gas turbocharger of a power generating device (1), with a media splitting machine (7) according to one of the preceding claims, the media splitting machine (7) being arranged upstream of a compressor wheel (5) of the turbocharger (3). Turbocharger (3) Claim 6 , the rotor (11) of the media splitting machine (7) being non-rotatably connected to a shaft (27) of the compressor wheel (5). Power generating device (1), with a turbocharger (3) according to one of the Claims 6 or 7th . Power generating device (1) according to Claim 8 , wherein the power generating device (1) is designed as an internal combustion engine or as a fuel cell.

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