DE102020208995A1 - Fixing device for the external force-operated fixation of an object in a vehicle with the aid of at least one locking element - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed solution relates to a fixing device for fixing an object (1, 1 *) on a fixing surface (I, I *) in a vehicle (F), with at least one fixing element (31) extending along a longitudinal axis (M), which is designed to fix the object (1, 1 *) with a fixing section (310) which is provided for engagement in a fixing opening (O2). At least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) is located on the fixing section (310) transversely to the longitudinal axis (M) adjustable. Furthermore, a displacement element (331) is mounted adjustably along the longitudinal axis (M) within the fixing section (310), via which the at least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) on the fixing section (310) transversely to the Longitudinal axis (M) can be extended into a locking position.

Description

The proposed solution relates to a fixing device for fixing an object on a fixing surface in a vehicle.

The fixing surface can be, for example, an interior area of the vehicle, such as a loading area of the vehicle interior, to which interior objects, for example in the form of vehicle seats, tables and / or center consoles, can be fixed. For example from the DE 10 2017 210 608 A1 it is known to make such interior objects adjustable in a mechanically guided manner on the interior surface. The the DE 10 2017 210 608 A1 suggests in this context, for example, to enable an interior object to be adjusted using an air cushion or a rolling device. In this case, however, it remains open at which points an intended fixation of such an interior object should be made possible and how such a fixation position is possibly specified.

From the DE 10 2004 046 070 A1 Furthermore, a fixing device for fixing interior objects on a fixing surface defined by a floor plate in a vehicle is known. Here, pin-shaped fixing elements in the form of locking pins engage in holes in the fixing surface and can be locked to them in order to fix the interior object on the fixing surface. The locking elements are mounted on an interior object in a longitudinally displaceable manner and, after the interior object has been positioned, can be manually inserted into suitable holes in the current position of the interior object and locked to them. For the positioning of an interior object in different positions, a plurality of holes are provided as fixing openings for the fixing elements, the holes being arranged in a grid on the base plate.

Proceeding from this, the proposed solution is based on the object of providing a possibility with which a flexible arrangement of an object on a fixing surface in a vehicle is improved.

This object is achieved with a fixing device according to claim 1.

A proposed fixation device for fixation of an object on a fixation surface in a vehicle comprises at least one fixation element which extends along a longitudinal axis and is designed to fix the object with a fixation section which is provided for engagement in a fixation opening. Furthermore, at least one locking element is mounted on the fixing section so as to be adjustable transversely to the longitudinal axis. Within the fixing section, a displacement element is mounted adjustably along the longitudinal axis, via which the at least one locking element on the fixing section can be extended into a locking position transversely to the longitudinal axis by being moved into a displacement position.

The proposed solution is thus based on the basic idea that a fixation element with a fixation section can be inserted into a fixation opening so far that at least one locking element adjustably mounted on the fixation section is present on a part of the fixation section that extends through the fixation opening and when it is extended controlled by a displacement element allows locking at the fixation opening. For example, an edge of the fixing opening can be grasped from behind in this way via an extended locking element. The at least one extended locking element is intended to block removal of the fixing section from the fixing opening and thus ensure the positive engagement of the fixing section in the fixing opening.

The displacer element, which can be adjusted along the longitudinal axis of the fixing element, allows the locking to be controlled and thereby separately from an insertion of the fixing section into a fixing opening. It is consequently possible to move the displacement element into its displacement position for extending the at least one locking element only when it is ensured that the object has assumed a desired fixing position on the fixing surface and is actually to be secured against displacement. Only then is the at least one locking element locked by adjusting the displacement element.

In principle, it can be provided that the at least one locking element is blocked against displacement from the extended locking position via the displacement element present in its displacement position. As long as the displacement element is consequently in its displacement position, the at least one locking element is held in its locking position. Depending on a position of the displacement element on the fixing element, the fixing of the object on the fixing surface can consequently be secured or released.

In one embodiment variant, a displacement surface running at an incline with respect to the longitudinal axis is provided on the displacement element for adjusting the at least one locking element. This inclined displacement surface can in particular, be set up and provided for direct action on the at least one locking element. Via the inclined displacement surface, the displacement element can thus act on the at least one locking element when it is moved into its displacement position, in order to extend it into a locking position during the adjustment movement of the displacement element transversely to the longitudinal axis (and thus transversely to the displacement direction of the displacement element).

For example, the displacement surface is formed by a displacement cone which is provided at one end of the displacement element which is axial relative to the longitudinal axis.

With a view to effective locking via the locking element present in its locking position and possibly also reaching behind an edge of a fixing opening through the extended locking element, the at least one locking element can protrude in its locking position at least partially transversely to the longitudinal axis from an outer surface of the fixing section. At least part of the locking element thus protrudes radially from an outer jacket surface of the fixing section in relation to the longitudinal axis of the fixing element when the locking element has been displaced into its locking position.

For example, the at least one locking element can be at least partially extended via the displacement element from an outlet opening formed on the fixing section. This embodiment variant includes in particular that the at least one locking element in its locking position protrudes at least partially from the outlet opening in order to lock the fixing section at the fixing opening, and that the at least one locking element - in the case of a displacement element displaced from its displacement position into a release position - radially can be displaced inside into the associated outlet opening. The inwardly displaceable locking element then no longer blocks a pulling out of the fixation section from the fixation opening, or a previous insertion of the fixation section into the fixation opening is only made possible.

The at least one locking element is, for example, spherical. A ball-press locking can thus be provided via the at least one locking element in combination with a displacement element that can be displaced along the longitudinal axis of the fixing element. In an alternative embodiment, the at least one locking element is disk-shaped or wedge-shaped. Consequently, the at least one locking element can also comprise a washer or a wedge instead of a ball.

Regardless of the shape of the at least one locking element, it can be provided that at least two locking elements are adjustably mounted on the fixing section and can be extended via the one displacement element. The one displacement element can thus extend the at least two locking elements together when it is moved into its displacement position. In this way, the locking can be improved and forces that occur can be better distributed over a circumference of the fixing opening.

The displacement element of the fixing element can in principle be manually adjustable in order to displace the at least one locking element into a locking position transversely to the longitudinal axis. To increase the ease of use, however, the fixing device can also have a motorized adjusting device for adjusting the displacement element. This includes, for example, an embodiment variant in which the motorized adjustment device is coupled to a displacement element via a motor-driven drive shaft, e.g. in the form of a drive spindle, in order to be able to adjust the displacement element in mutually opposite adjustment directions along the longitudinal axis of the fixing element. With the aid of the motorized adjustment device, the locking position can consequently be assumed by the at least one locking element, actuated by an external force, and can therefore be controlled electronically.

In principle, the fixation of an object, in particular as a function of the size and mass of the object, can take place via a single fixation element. This is in particular independent of whether the fixing element is provided on the object to be fixed or on the fixing surface. With a view to specifying a multitude of different fixation positions, it may be advisable, for example, to form only a multitude of fixation openings on the fixation surface, into which at least one object-side fixation element can then - depending on the desired fixation position - engage.

In particular for the fixation of bulky and / or heavy objects and, if necessary, for ensuring a crash-proof fixation, it can be appropriate for at least two fixation elements to be assigned to an object, in particular arranged on it. If a motorized adjustment device is then also provided for adjusting a displacement element, it may be advisable to use the motorized adjustment device to adjust several displacement elements of at least two fixing elements simultaneously or in succession using external power and, in particular, to adjust them in the direction of the respective displacement position. For example, in a Embodiment a coupling of the motorized adjustment device with several (at least two) displacement elements is provided in order to transmit a torque generated by a drive motor of the motorized adjustment device to the several displacement elements and to adjust them together or one after the other into the respective displacement position. A corresponding coupling can be implemented, for example, via a belt drive.

Alternatively, a rotary mechanism for adjusting the displacement element or several displacement elements can be provided. Such a rotary mechanism then comprises, for example, a (drive) disk with an annular groove, via which, when the disk rotates, an adjusting force for the adjustment along the longitudinal axis can be exerted on one end of a displacement element. The disk can be coupled to a (drive) shaft of a drive motor or a gear unit that interacts with it. This also makes it possible, for example, to couple several displacement elements via a belt drive, in that a corresponding belt connects two pulleys with each other and can set them in rotation, which are each assigned to a fixing element or a displacement element mounted longitudinally displaceably here or here.

A proposed fixing device can in particular be provided for fixing an object on a fixing surface fixed to the body in a vehicle, wherein the fixing device can be provided on the fixing surface or on the object itself. For example, for a symmetrical distribution of force and a crash-proof locking of the object, a plurality of fixing elements is provided, each with a displacement element that is longitudinally adjustable here or there. For example, one embodiment provides that four fixing elements are arranged on the object side in order to fix the object at four fixing openings in an assumed fixing position.

As already explained above, an edge of a fixing opening can be grasped from behind via the at least one locking element extended in its locking position in order to fix the object on the fixing surface. The fixing element can consequently be inserted into the fixing opening so far that the locking element is present on a part of the fixing section that extends through the fixing opening and can engage behind the edge of the fixing opening when it is extended (by the displacement element moved into its displacement position). The locking element is also blocked against displacement from its locking position via the displacement element present in its displacement position. As long as the displacement element is in its displacement position, the fixing section cannot be removed from the fixing opening.

The fixing element itself is not designed to be adjustable in one embodiment. For example, the fixing element is provided immovably and rigidly on the object. In order to insert the object-side fixation element accordingly into a fixation opening, for example the object with the fixation element protruding on an underside is plugged into a suitable position on the fixation surface. Alternatively, a motor-controlled or manual lowering of the object in the direction of the fixing surface can be provided in order to bring the fixing element into engagement with a fixing opening. For example, the object is set up and provided so that it can assume two different positions with respect to the fixing surface. For example, in a first position in which the fixation element is spaced from the fixation surface, the object can be adjustable on the fixation surface, in particular adjustable in a motor-controlled manner. Once a desired fixation position has been reached, the object can be lowered into a second position in the direction of the fixation surface, whereby the fixation element (and possibly further fixation elements provided on the object) is then inserted into a corresponding fixation opening on the fixation surface, which is then opposite the fixation element.

One embodiment variant provides that the at least one object is designed as an interior object and comprises at least one battery-operated motor drive device for a non-mechanically guided movement of the interior object on an interior surface of the vehicle serving as a fixing surface. The at least one fixing element is then provided for fixing the at least one interior object in a fixing position on the interior surface, it being possible for an electronic detection device of the vehicle to detect when this fixing position is reached.

The at least one interior object cannot be moved on the interior surface in a track-guided manner via the at least one battery-operated motor drive device. There is therefore no guidance or specification of a method path for the interior object through a rail, a track or a backdrop. Rather, the interior object can be moved freely on the interior surface. Alternatively, the object to be fixed, in particular the interior object, can also be displaced manually to a desired fixing position.

The fixation positions at which the interior object is attached to the interior surface using the at least one fixing element can be fixed, can be specified on the interior surface. For example, a large number of possible fixing positions are predefined on the interior surface. The at least one detection device can be used to electronically detect when the interior object has reached one of the predetermined fixation positions in order to then trigger an adjustment of the at least one fixation element into its fixation position and thereby fix the interior object at the fixation position reached.

In one embodiment variant, the motorized drive device has at least one roller body or a chain for contact with the interior area and for moving the interior object on the interior area. A roller body is understood here to mean in particular a roller, a wheel or a tire. Via a corresponding drive device with at least one roller body or a chain, the interior object can be adjusted along the interior surface by means of a battery, if necessary remotely controlled and / or with the aid of the electronic detection device.

In one embodiment variant, the at least one motorized drive device has an omnidirectional drive. Such an omnidirectional drive allows the interior object to be adjusted along any directions in a spatial plane on the interior surface. For this purpose, an omnidirectional drive has, for example, at least one all-sided wheel.

The interior object can be fixed to a floor anchoring of the interior area via the at least one fixing element that is adjusted into its fixing position at a fixing position. With the aid of the at least one fixing element present in its fixing position, the interior object is then anchored on the vehicle side and locked in a crash-proof manner. This includes in particular that one fixation element or several fixation elements are designed and set up to anchor the interior object in a crash-proof fixing position and thus secure the interior object against displacement on the interior surface even under high acceleration forces occurring in the event of a crash.

In principle, the fixing element can be adjustably mounted on the interior object or on the interior surface. For example, it is provided in one embodiment that the at least one fixing element is provided displaceably on the interior object, the fixing element being moved into its fixing position when the interior object has reached a predetermined fixing position. As an alternative or in addition, at least one fixing element can be arranged on the interior surface which, in its fixing position, fixes the interior object present in an appropriately assumed fixing position. In particular, a fixation of the interior object can be provided via a combination of fixation elements adjustably mounted on the interior surface and on the interior object.

A large number of possible fixing positions can be specified on the interior surface. In this way, several different fixing positions for an interior object or for several interior objects are predefined in the vehicle interior in order to specify a finite number of locations on the interior area at which an interior object can be fixed as intended (crash-proof). Regardless of this, an adjustment path for reaching a fixation position is not specified via the battery-operated motor drive device and can be selected flexibly, in particular depending on the arrangement and / or desired position of one or more other interior objects and depending on any obstacles on the interior surface.

The electronic detection device, via which, for example, the interior object can also be detected along its position during a movement of the interior object, comprises in one embodiment variant at least one component provided on the interior object. This component can be a passive or active component, ie a (passive) component that can be detected by a sensor element of the detection device, or an (active) component that actively sends signals to one or more receivers of the electronic The detection device sends and / or senses at least one measured variable representative of the surroundings of the interior object, via which at least the reaching of a predetermined fixing position on the interior surface of the vehicle interior can be determined.

• - optisch (zum Beispiel mittels Infrarot) und/oder
• - magnetisch und/oder
• - schallbasiert, insbesondere ultraschallbasiert und/oder
• - radiowellenbasiert, insbesondere auf Basis wenigstens eines UWB-Signals („UWB“: „ultra-wideband“) und/oder
• - laserstrahlbasiert, insbesondere auf Basis eines Lidar-Verfahrens („Lidar“: „light detection and ranging“)

zu detektieren.The electronic detection device can in principle be set up, the position of the interior object during a process on the interior area

• - optically (for example by means of infrared) and / or
• - magnetic and / or
• - sound-based, in particular ultrasound-based and / or
• - radio wave-based, in particular based on at least one UWB signal (“UWB”: “ultra-wideband”) and / or
• - laser beam based, in particular based on a lidar process ("Lidar": "light detection and ranging")

to detect.

In one embodiment variant, the electronic detection device comprises at least two sensor elements based on different measurement principles in order to detect when the interior object has reached the fixation position. In such an embodiment variant, different sensor elements are consequently combined with one another, for example, in order to avoid or at least reduce false detections. For example, the reaching of a fixation position can be detected redundantly via sensor elements based on different measurement principles and fixation via the at least one fixation element can only be released if both sensor elements based on different measurement principles detect the achievement of the fixation position. Alternatively or in addition, sensor elements based on different measurement principles can be provided to detect different travel paths or different phases when moving the interior object. For example, a first sensor element based on a first measuring principle (and therefore possibly based on a first measured variable and / or a first resolution) can detect a position of the interior object in a first radius around a predetermined fixing position, while another, second sensor element is based on Using a different, second measuring principle (and therefore possibly based on a different, second measured variable and / or a different, second resolution), detect a position of the interior object in a second radius around the predetermined fixation position, the second radius being smaller than the first radius . The first sensor element can thus be used for rough positioning, while fine positioning can be implemented with the aid of the second sensor element.

A combination of different sensor elements can in particular contain a combination of the above-mentioned measuring principles (optical, magnetic, sound-based, etc.), on the basis of which the electronic detection device can detect a position of the interior object during the process on the interior surface.

In one embodiment it is provided that in the fixing position and when the fixing element has been moved into the fixing position, an electrical connection is provided between a vehicle-side energy source and the interior object. In particular, an electrical connection can be provided via the fixing element. For this purpose, for example, an object-side fixation element is electrically conductively connected in its fixation position to a vehicle-side coupling area on the interior surface or a vehicle-side fixation element is electrically conductively connected in its fixation position to an object-side coupling area. A corresponding electrical connection is used, for example, to charge at least one energy store of the interior object, in particular a battery of the interior object, and / or to supply at least one consumer to or in the interior project. The at least one consumer can for example comprise a display or an additionally provided, electrically operated drive of the interior object, via which an adjustment part of the interior object can be adjusted by an external force. If, for example, the interior object is a vehicle seat, an additional electrically operated drive can be provided as an adjustment part for adjusting a headrest, a seat cushion and / or a backrest of the vehicle seat.

Alternatively or in addition, the interior object can include at least one connection for coupling to an external, vehicle-independent energy source. Such a connection includes, for example, a plug connector for coupling to an electrical energy source, so that the interior object can be connected to a power source outside the vehicle and, for example, an energy store of the interior object can be charged.

In principle, at least one adjustment part provided on the interior object can be adjustable when the interior object is fixed on the interior surface. For example, an adjustment part of the interior object is adjustable with respect to the interior area and / or with respect to a base of the interior object fixed to the interior area at least or only when the interior object is fixed as intended via the at least one fixing element in a fixing position on the interior area. Consequently, the interior object can no longer be moved, for example, via its battery-powered drive, no longer mechanically guided on the interior surface and thus along a spatial plane spanned over it, if a component of the interior object or an adjustment part arranged thereon is to be adjusted. This includes, for example, that a vehicle seat as an interior object has an adjustable adjustment part in the form of a headrest, a seat cushion and / or a backrest, which is first adjustable independently of the battery-operated motor drive device, when the vehicle seat has assumed a proper fixing position on the interior surface of the vehicle and has been fixed accordingly.

An interior object of a proposed vehicle can in particular be a vehicle seat, a (central arm) console or a table. Such an interior object is then, for example, freely movable within the vehicle interior - in particular when the vehicle is stationary - and - when the vehicle is moving - is fixed in a fixing position via the at least one fixing element on the interior surface.

The attached figures exemplify possible variants of the proposed solution.

• 1 in geschnittener Draufsicht auf eine Innenraumfläche einen Fahrzeuginnenraum einer Ausführungsvariante eines vorgeschlagenen Fahrzeugs mit mehreren hierin frei verfahrbaren Innenraumobjekten in Form von Fahrzeugsitzen;
• 2A-2C in Seitenansicht die Innenraumfläche der 1 mit einem Fahrzeugsitz in zwei unterschiedlichen Fixierungspositionen und in verschiedenen Phasen bei einem Verfahren von einer ersten Fixierungsposition zu einer zweiten Fixierungsposition und einer anschließenden Drehung des Fahrzeugsitzes;
• 3 in perspektivischer Ansicht ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein Allseitenrad zur Verwendung in dem Fahrzeugsitz der 2A bis 2C;
• 4 in Draufsicht eine weitere Ausführungsvariante eines Allseitenrads für die Verwendung in einem Fahrzeugsitz der 2A bis 2C
• 5 schematisch und in Draufsicht die Innenraumfläche des Fahrzeugs der 1 unter Veranschaulichung einer elektronischen Detektionseinrichtung, die mindestens eine Komponente an dem Innenraumobjekt in Form des Fahrzeugsitzes aufweist;
• 6A-6C in vergrößertem Maßstab ausschnittsweise eine Fixierungsvorrichtung mit einem Fixierungselement der Fixierungsvorrichtung;
• 7A-7C eine weitere Ausführungsvariante einer Fixierungsvorrichtung in unterschiedlichen Phasen während einer Verriegelung.

Here show:

• 1 a sectional plan view of an interior area of a vehicle interior of an embodiment variant of a proposed vehicle with several interior objects in the form of vehicle seats that can be freely moved therein;
• 2A-2C in side view the interior area of the 1 with a vehicle seat in two different fixing positions and in different phases in a process from a first fixing position to a second fixing position and a subsequent rotation of the vehicle seat;
• 3 a perspective view of an embodiment of an all-side wheel for use in the vehicle seat of FIG 2A to 2C ;
• 4th a plan view of a further variant of an all-side wheel for use in a vehicle seat in FIG 2A to 2C
• 5 schematically and in plan view the interior area of the vehicle of 1 illustrating an electronic detection device which has at least one component on the interior object in the form of the vehicle seat;
• 6A-6C on an enlarged scale, a section of a fixation device with a fixation element of the fixation device;
• 7A-7C a further variant of a fixation device in different phases during locking.

The 1 shows an example of a vehicle F. , which has a flat interior surface inside I. a length L. and a width B. defined by a dashboard of the vehicle F. up to a rear loading sill LF extends. The length L. is, for example, in the range from 5 to 7.5 m and the width B. is in the range from 1.5 to 2 m I. are several anchor points A. provided, which serve as fixing positions for fixing different interior objects. The anchor points A. are here as corner points of a virtual grid on the interior area I. provided distributed.

At the anchor points A. are in the present case, for example, different vehicle seats 1 , 1a to 1c fixable as interior objects. The vehicle seats 1 , 1a to 1c are designed as freely adjustable units that are not mechanically guided, in particular not mechanically track-guided, on the interior surface I. can be proceeded. Is a vehicle seat 1 , 1a to 1c as intended at an anchor point A. arranged and with a base 12th of the seat 1 , 1a to 1c (compare in particular 2A to 2C ) arranged, the respective vehicle seat 1 , 1a to 1c on the interior surface I. be fixed in a crash-proof manner. For example, a vehicle seat 1 , 1a to 1c like this over a rear loading sill LF (with the vehicle's tailgate open F. ) on the interior area I. are set and then electronically controlled by a user, at a desired anchor point A. on the interior surface I. move and be fixed there. The arrangement of various interior objects such as vehicle seats 1 , 1a to 1c is therefore extremely variable and can be designed almost as desired by a user.

In the side views of the 2A , 2 B and 2C is a vehicle seat 1 exemplarily illustrated in more detail. The vehicle seat 1 has a base 12th with a battery-operated motor drive device 12A on. The over the motorized drive device 12A movable base 12th carries a seat part 11 and a backrest 10 of the vehicle seat 1 . The backrest 10 can here in their inclination with respect to the seat part 11 be adjustable. Alternatively or in addition, the seat depth can be adjusted by adjusting the seat part 11 at the base 12th be adjustable.

The base 12th is via one or more omnidirectional gears 2.1 , 2.2 on the interior surface I. freely movable. A torque for moving the vehicle seat is provided by a drive motor 120 applied inside the base 12th is housed. This drive motor 120 will have one within the base 12th housed battery 121 supplied with electricity as energy storage. The battery 121 is here via a through a connector 122 at the base 12th The connection provided can be charged independently of the vehicle. The vehicle seat 1 can thus from the vehicle F. can be charged separately from an electrical power supply. Therefor For example, a vehicle-independent charging station is provided.

Is the vehicle seat 1 at one of in the 2A , 2 B and 2C illustrated anchor points A1 , A2 positioned, the vehicle seat 1 Via a vehicle-side fixing element in the form of a fixing bolt 31 be fixed. The fixing bolt is used for this 31 , the part of a fixation device 3 is at the anchor point A1 up into a coupling section 123 the base 12th screwed in, the one fixing opening for the fixing bolt 31 , 32 Are defined. In addition to the fixing bolt shown as an example 31 can use additional fixing elements and in particular fixing bolts 31 be provided to the base 12th and thus the vehicle seat 1 crash-safe at the anchor point A1 the interior area I. to fix.

About that in the base 12th engaging and thus present in a fixing position fixing bolts 31 In the present case, a connection to an energy source on the vehicle side, thus a battery on the vehicle side, can also be provided. The battery is then, for example, via the electrical connection 121 (especially when the vehicle is moving).

Alternatively or additionally, it can be connected to the vehicle's electrical power supply F. at least one additional electric motor drive for the vehicle seat 1 be supplied with electricity, for example to the backrest 10 or the seat part 11 to be adjusted externally. For example, the seat part 11 at the base 12th be rotatable about a vertical axis running parallel to a spatial direction z by more than 90 °, in particular by up to 180 ° or even by 360 °, actuated by an external force, at least if the base 12th as intended at an anchor point A1 (or A2; cf. 2C ) is fixed.

In response to a user request, the vehicle seat can 1 from the anchor point A1 to another anchor point A2 on the interior surface I. be moved along. For this purpose, the fixing bolt is first used 31 into a starting position on the interior surface I. retracted and over this the base 12th Approved. The vehicle seat 1 can then be motorized using the omnidirectional wheels 2.1 , 2.2 along a direction of travel R. from the anchor point A1 to the anchor point A2 are proceeded. This externally powered movement of the vehicle seat is controlled 1 via an electronic detection device D. , to the present one at the base 12th provided detection element 4th counts. For example, this is a tag 4, which interacts with at least one vehicle-side sensor element of the detection device D. an electronic detection of the position of the seat 1 on the interior surface I. enables.

This can then be detected electronically, for example, when the vehicle seat 1 the (second) anchor point A2 has reached, in such a way that a vehicle-side fixing bolt 32 at this (second) anchor point A2 in the coupling section 123 the base 12th can intervene to the vehicle seat 1 at the anchor point A2 to fix. The vehicle seat, for example 1 rotated around the vertical axis by 180 °.

The 3 and 4th illustrate exemplary possible design variants for an all-side wheel 2.1 , 2.2 at the base 12th of the vehicle seat 1 . The 3 shows here, for example, an all-side wheel in a perspective view 2.1 , 2.2 with a disc-shaped roller carrier 20th , on which a large number of rollers on the circumference 21st is rotatably mounted. In the variant of an all-side wheel 2.1 , 2.2 the 4th are on a disc-shaped roller carrier 20th only four roles 21st by 90 ° around a center point of the roller carrier 20th each arranged rotatably offset from one another. About each of the roller carriers 3 and 4th an adjustment in any spatial direction along a plane is possible.

The 5 illustrates an example of a possible design of a detection device in a top view D. over which the position of a vehicle seat 1 during a procedure on the interior surface I. is detectable. In the embodiment variant shown, there are four sensor elements 5.1-5.4 at defined positions in the vehicle interior and, if necessary, on the interior surface I. of the vehicle F. (e.g. at their corner points).

The vehicle seat 1 furthermore has a day 4 and possibly an additional day 4a. The tags 4th , 4a can use the sensor elements 5.1-5.4 can be detected, for example by the tags 4th , 4a actively send out signals from the sensor elements 5.1-5.4 can be received or by the sensor elements 5.1-5.4 can be read out in the manner of an RFID label. This can be done, for example, by means of the detection device D. a position of the vehicle seat 1 within one of the sensor elements 5.1-5.4 spanned or monitored spatial detection field on the interior surface I. can be detected. About one with the sensor elements 5.1-5.4 coupled evaluation electronics AE the detection device D. is then a position of the vehicle seat 1 from generated sensor signals on the interior surface I. detectable, for example by means of triangulation.

To detect a position of the vehicle seat 1 To improve and avoid false detections, for example, different measuring principles are combined with one another so that the position of the vehicle seat 1 on the interior surface I. sensor elements using different measuring principles 5.1-5.4 is monitored. For example, a lidar system, radio-based tracking based, for example, on electromagnetic waves such as radar waves, UWB, Bluetooth, a search wire in the floor or on the ceiling, detection based on infrared signals and / or ultrasonic signals can be provided.

The detection device D. shows in the variant of the 5 additionally a transmitter unit 65 based on the from the evaluation electronics AE determined position of the vehicle seat 1 on the interior surface I. Control signals to the motorized drive device 12th of the vehicle seat 1 sends. The vehicle seat 1 points here, for example also at the base 12th , a receiving unit 61 on that for receiving the control signals of the transmitter unit 65 is set up. The receiving unit 61 is with the drive motor 120 the base 12th coupled to the vehicle seat 1 according to the control signals 65 and thus in particular as a function of the detected position of the vehicle seat 1 on the interior surface I. to a desired anchor point A. , A1 , or A2 to proceed.

The procedure of the vehicle seat 1 can be controllable here, for example, by a user with the aid of a control application, in particular a control application installed on a mobile phone. Alternatively or in addition, a specific position of a vehicle seat 1 on the interior surface I. be preconfigured, possibly also in combination with predefined positions for other interior objects, such as a center arm console or a table. In this way, a user can, for example, select a specific pre-configuration and use the detection device D. the vehicle seat 1 - and, if necessary, other interior objects - automatically move into position. A corresponding control for moving a vehicle seat 1 (or other interior objects) on the interior area I. can alternatively or additionally in the vehicle F. be integrated. This includes in particular the setting and subsequent execution of one or more preconfigurations on a vehicle-side operating unit for the arrangement of one or more interior objects.

In an exemplary method for moving a vehicle seat 1 using the detection device D. this is first switched on, for example. This can be followed by the sensor elements 5.1-5.4 first synchronize and be checked for functionality. Then, by means of one of the sensor elements 5.1, one of the tags 4th , 4a , for example a first day 4th , queried. That first day 4th sends a response signal from all sensor elements 5.1-5.4 Will be received. Via the evaluation electronics AE the differences in runtime resulting from the request of the tag are then evaluated 4th and in response to this on the individual sensor elements 5.1-5.4 received (response) signal of the day 4th surrender. This can then be used for the position of the tag 4th and thus the vehicle seat 1 representative position value can be calculated.

Using an analogous procedure for the rest of the day 4a there is another position value for the vehicle seat 1 . This additional position value can be used to (plausibility) check the using the first day 4th determined position value and / or for determining an orientation of the vehicle seat 1 regarding the sensor elements 5.1-5.4 on the interior surface I. can be used. So by the position of two tags 4th , 4a that have a specific, fixed position relative to one another on the vehicle seat 1 are arranged, not only can be determined at which point the vehicle seat is 1 but also like the vehicle seat 1 respectively its base 12th on the interior surface I. is oriented. Based on the determined position (s) of the vehicle seat 1 the vehicle seat is then moved 1 until it has reached a desired fixation position at which the vehicle seat 1 fixed and thus in its reached fixation position at an anchor point A. , A1 or A2 can be secured.

The 6A to 6C show sections of further details of a fixation device 3 as they are especially for a vehicle seat 1 the 2A to 2C can be used. In principle, however, an embodiment variant of a proposed fixing device can be used 3 can also be used with other objects, in particular with objects that are manually transferred to a desired fixing position, that is to say, for example, are placed at a fixing position by a user.

The 6A to 6C illustrate in different views an external force-operated fixation with the help of a motorized adjustment device 33 the fixation device 3 .

In the 6A , 6B and 6C The embodiment variant shown is the fixing bolt 31 rigidly on an underside of the vehicle seat 1 formed above. For the introduction of the fixing bolt 31 into a fixation opening O2 on the interior surface I. , therefore the vehicle seat must 1 or at least one of the fixing bolts 31 bearing Component of the vehicle seat 1 , such as the base 12th , are lowered so far that a fixing section 310 of the fixing bolt 31 into the fixation opening O2 can immerse. This can be done, for example, via lowerable wheels on the vehicle seat 1 can be achieved.

The fixing bolt 31 stands here with the fixing section 310 from a through opening O1 on the vehicle seat 1 at the end of it, for easier insertion into the fixation opening O2 , an insertion cone 310A is trained.

Around the fixing bolt 31 in the fixation opening O2 and thus on the interior space I. to lock, are located along a longitudinal axis M. of the fixing bolt 31 extending fixing portion 310 several locking elements in the form of locking balls 34.1 and 34.2 transverse to the longitudinal axis M. adjustable. These locking balls 34.1 and 34.2 can under the action of an inside of the fixing bolt 31 longitudinally displaceably guided displacement element in the form of a displacement mandrel 331 on the fixing portion 310 , based on the longitudinal axis M. , can be extended radially outwards. A locking ball is then in a respective extended locking position 34.1 or 34.2 at least partially from an associated outlet opening 311.1 or 311.2 from an outer jacket surface 310B of the fixation section 310 in front.

When in a fixation opening O2 inserted fixing bolt 31 is the fixation section 310 so far into the fixation opening O2 introduced that of the outlet openings 311.1 and 311.2 having part of the fixing portion 310 the fixation opening O2 reaches through and the locking balls that can be extended on it 34.1 and 34.2 an edge of the fixation opening O2 can reach behind. The locking balls each occupying a locking position in an extended state 34.1 and 34.2 then prevent the fixing bolt 31 back out of the fixation opening O2 can be pulled out. About the extended locking balls 34.1 and 34.2 can also tension the fixing bolt 31 at the fixation opening O2 can be achieved.

The locking balls 34.1 and 34.2 are over the displacement mandrel 331 radially outwards and thus transversely to the longitudinal axis M. along adjustment directions V1 and V2 adjustable. The displacement mandrel is used for this 331 motor-driven into a displacement position within the fixing section 310 towards the insertion cone 310A adjusted. This is where the displacement mandrel acts 331 first of all over a conical tip of the fixing bolt 31 tapering displacement cone 331.2 on the locking balls 34.1 and 34.2 in order to displace them together radially outwards into their respective locking position. One for adjusting the displacement mandrel 331 (adjustment) force necessary in the direction of its displacement position F3 is present here via a motorized adjustment device 33 the fixation device 3 generated. This motorized adjustment device 33 has an adjusting motor, here in the form of an electric motor with an associated gear, and a drive shaft that can be driven via the adjusting motor 330 . This drive shaft 330 extends with a threaded section in a central and parallel to the longitudinal axis M. running connecting channel 331.1 of the displacement mandrel 331 so that depending on the direction of rotation of the drive shaft 330 the displacement mandrel 331 inside the fixation section 310 the entry cone 310A of the fixing bolt 31 is approached or adjusted away from this.

Is the displacement mandrel 331 in his in the 6A to 6C The locking balls are in front of the displacement position shown 34.1 and 34.2 held in their respective locking position and against falling out of the fixing section 310 secured by stops in the form of circumferential ring surfaces. Becomes the displacement mandrel 331 using the motorized adjustment device 33 in a release position (in the 6A to 6C up), the locking balls can 34.1 and 34.2 are shifted radially inwards and thus lock the fixing bolt 31 on the interior surface I. free. A corresponding ball press lock is then released.

Instead of the 3A to 3C locking balls shown 34.1 and 34.2 For example, alternatively designed locking elements, for example locking disks or locking wedges, can also be used, which optionally enable comparable or even better tolerance compensation.

For adjusting the displacement mandrel 331 can instead of the drive shaft 330 a drive spindle or a lever drive can also be provided. Furthermore, instead of a displacement mandrel 331 A displacement element with a rotary mechanism can also be provided as a displacement element. A corresponding rotating mechanism can, for example, enable locking elements to be retracted and extended by a (drive) disk with an annular groove. A corresponding disk is then coupled to a drive shaft, for example. Several fixing bolts can also be used here 31 connected to one another via a belt drive and coupled to a common motorized adjustment device.

In the 6A to 6C is also exemplarily illustrated that about the fixing device shown 3 also the fixation of another object - here in the form of a battery tray 1* - on a fixation surface I * can be done. For example, a fixation of the battery tray 1* on an underside of a vehicle floor as a fixing surface I * possible. So can on the battery tray 1* several battery cells for an e-vehicle, such as an electric car, can be arranged. Via a fixation device 3 with a motorized adjustment device 33 and at least one (correspondingly stable) fixing element 31 can thus be such a battery carrier carrying multiple battery cells 1* in a simple way electronically controlled and externally powered on a vehicle floor I * be fixed.

In principle, several motorized adjustment devices can also be used 33 with several fixing elements for fixing a single object 1 , 1a , 1b , 1c , 1* be provided at a fixation position on the object side or on the vehicle side.

The 7A , 7B and 7C show a further variant embodiment of a fixing device 3 with a fixing bolt 31 in a fixation position via at least two locking elements - here in the form of locking wedges 34.1 , 34.2 - Is locked if this is via a displacement mandrel 331 are extended to a locking position. In contrast to the variant of the 6A , 6B and 6C are the locking elements as locking wedges 34.1 and 34.2 formed and thus wedge-shaped or triangular in cross section. The locking wedges 34.1 and 34.2 are also in this variant on the fixing bolt 31 via the displacement mandrel 331 radially extendable so that it is in the fixing position of the fixing bolt 31 the fixing surface in the form of the interior surface I. or the vehicle floor I * can reach behind.

For adjusting the displacement mandrel 331 is with the variant of the 7A to 7C instead of the drive shaft 330 a lever mechanism 330 ' (or alternatively a cable pull) is provided. About this lever mechanism 330 ' , which in the present case implements scissor kinematics, the displacement mandrel 331 with its displacement cone 331.2 in contact with the locking wedges, which are spring-loaded against one another 34.1 and 34.2 bring it to press it radially outwards.

In a starting position corresponding to the 7A lies the displacement mandrel 331 still without affecting the locking wedges 34.1 , 34.2 pulled back so that the locking wedges 34.1 and 34.2 are elastically displaceable radially inward towards one another when the interior object 1 , 1* in the direction of the fixation surface I. 'I' is lowered. A wedge angle on the locking wedges 34.1 , 34.2 is chosen so that the locking wedges 34.1 , 34.2 due to the displacement movement of the fixing bolt 31 downwards and the resulting sliding along the edge of the fixing opening O2 can be adjusted radially inwards. For example, wedge angles greater than 10 ° are provided here. According to the representation of the 7B the fixing bolt can thus 31 while displacing the locking wedges 34.1 , 34.2 radially inwards through the fixing opening without any problems O2 be inserted until the outlet openings 311.1 and 311.2 through the fixation opening O2 are guided and thus the locking wedges 34.1 , 34.2 according to the 7C through the lowered displacement mandrel 331 can be pressed radially outwards to the fixing bolt 31 on the interior surface I. , I * to lock.

In the present case, the displacement mandrel acts 331 via its displacement cone 331.2 on the inside, convexly curved contact surfaces of the locking wedges 34.1 , 34.2 one to the locking wedges 34.1 and 34.2 to adjust. In contact with the locking wedges 34.1 , 34.2 the displacement mandrel can at their contact surfaces 331 the locking wedges 34.1 . 34.2 on the one hand push outwards. On the other hand, you can use this to lock the fixing bolt 31 in the assumed fixing position, the locking wedges 34.1 , 34.2 be kept under tension. The radii of the convex curved contact surfaces of the locking wedges 34.1 , 34.2 are chosen so that there is self-locking. Without specifically pulling out the displacement mandrel 331 up using the lever mechanism 330 ' thus the locking wedges 34.1 and 34.2 do not shift radially inwards.

The present here is via the lever mechanism 330 ' the displacement mandrel 331 mechanically with a lowering device for the interior object 1 , 1* coupled so that by lowering the interior object 1 , 1* in the direction of the fixation surface I. , I * the displacement mandrel 331 is automatically brought into its displacement position.

List of reference symbols

1*

Battery tray

1, 1a, 1b, 1c

Vehicle seat (interior object)

10

Backrest (adjustment part)

11

Seat part (adjustment part)

12

Base

120

Drive motor

121

battery pack

122

Connectors

123

Coupling section

12A

Drive device

2.1, 2.2

Omnidirectional wheel

20th

Roller carrier

21st

role

3

Fixation device

31

Fixing bolt (fixing element)

310

Fixation section

310A

Insertion cone

310B

Outer surface

311.1, 311.2

Outlet opening

32

Fixing bolt (fixing element)

33

Adjusting device

330

drive shaft

330 '

Lever mechanism

331

Displacement mandrel (displacement element)

331.1

Connection channel

331.2

Displacement cone

34.1, 34.2

Locking ball / locking wedge (locking element)

4, 4a

Day (detection element)

5.1 - 5.4

Sensor element

61

Receiver unit

65

Transmitter unit

A, A1, A2

Anchor point (fixation position)

AE

Evaluation electronics

B.

width

D.

Detection device

F.

vehicle

F3

force

I.

Interior area (fixation area)

I *

Vehicle floor (fixing surface)

L.

length

LF

Loading sill

M.

Longitudinal axis

O1

Through opening

O2

Fixation opening

R.

Direction of travel

V1, V2

Adjustment direction

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102017210608 A1 [0002]
• DE 102004046070 A1 [0003]

Claims (21)

Fixing device for fixing an object (1, 1 *) on a fixing surface (I, I *) in a vehicle (F), with at least one fixing element (31) extending along a longitudinal axis (M), which is used to fix the object ( 1, 1 *) is designed with a fixing section (310) which is provided for engagement in a fixing opening (O2), characterized in that at least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) transversely to the longitudinal axis (M ) is adjustably mounted and within the fixation section (310) a displacement element (331) is mounted adjustably along the longitudinal axis (M), via which the at least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) on the fixation section (34.1, 34.2) by adjustment into a displacement position (331) 310) can be extended into a locking position transversely to the longitudinal axis (M). Fixation device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) is blocked against displacement from the extended locking position via the displacement element (331) present in its displacement position. Fixation device according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the displacement element (331) for adjusting the at least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) has a displacement surface which runs inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis (M). Fixation device according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the displacement surface is formed by a displacement cone (331.2) at one end of the displacement element (331) which is axial relative to the longitudinal axis (M). Fixing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) in its locking position protrudes at least partially transversely to the longitudinal axis (M) from an outer jacket surface (310B) of the fixing section (310). Fixing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) can be at least partially extended via the displacement element (331) from an outlet opening (311.1, 311.2) formed on the fixing section (310). Fixing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) is spherical. Fixing device according to one of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the at least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) is disk-shaped or wedge-shaped. Fixing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two locking elements (34.1, 34.2) are adjustably mounted on the fixing section (310) and can be extended via the one displacement element (311). Fixing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing device (3) has a motorized adjusting device (33) for adjusting the displacement element (331). Fixation device according to Claim 10 , characterized in that the fixation device (3) comprises at least two fixation elements (31) each with a displacement element (331) and the displacement elements (331) of the at least two fixation elements (31) can be adjusted by an external force via a motorized adjustment device (33). Vehicle with - an object to be fixed (1, 1 *) - a fixing surface (I, I *) fixed to the body and - at least one fixing device (3) according to one of the Claims 1 to 11 for fixing the object (1, 1 *) to the fixing surface (I, I *). Vehicle after Claim 12 , characterized in that the fixing device (3) is provided on the fixing surface (I, I *) or on the object (1, 1 *). Vehicle after Claim 12 or 13 , characterized in that an edge of the fixing opening (O2) can be grasped from behind via the at least one locking element (34.1, 34.2) extended into its locking position in order to fix the object on the fixing surface (I, I *). Vehicle after one of the Claims 12 to 14th , characterized in that the fixing element (310) can be brought into engagement with a fixing opening (O2) by lowering the object (1, 1 *) in the direction of the fixing surface (I, I *). Vehicle after one of the Claims 12 to 15th , characterized in that the fixing surface (I) is provided in a vehicle interior of the vehicle (F), and an electronic detection device (D) is provided which is set up to determine a position of the object (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) on the Detect interior area (I). Vehicle after Claim 16 , characterized in that - the at least one object (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) at least one battery-operated motor drive device (12A) for a non-mechanically guided movement of the object (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) on the interior surface (I) of the vehicle (F) and - the fixing element (31, 32) is provided for fixing the at least one object (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) in a fixing position (A, A1, A2) on the interior surface (I), the achievement of which can be detected by the detection device (D). Vehicle after Claim 17 , characterized in that the at least one motorized drive device (12A) has an omnidirectional drive. Vehicle after one of the Claims 12 to 18th , characterized in that the object comprises a vehicle seat (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) and / or a console and / or a battery carrier (1 *). Vehicle seat with a fixing device (3) according to one of the Claims 1 to 11 for fixing the vehicle seat (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) on an interior surface (I) of the vehicle (F). Battery carrier with at least one battery cell for driving a vehicle (F) and a fixing device (3) according to one of the Claims 1 to 11 for fixing the battery tray (1 *) in a vehicle (F).

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