DE102020203609A1 - Tilting pad bearings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tilting segment bearing (10) with at least one tilting segment (1-3) which can be tilted relative to a housing body (8) with the aid of a pin element (5-7) in order to move between the tilting segment (1-3) and a rotor body (4) To create a converging bearing gap. In order to improve the function and / or manufacturing technology of the tilting pad bearing (10), the pin element (5-7) has at least one cross-sectional reduction (16) between the housing body (8) and the tilting pad (1-3) ), through which a flexural rigidity of the pin element (5-7) is set in a targeted manner.

Description

The invention relates to a tilting segment bearing with at least one tilting segment which can be tilted relative to a housing body with the aid of a pin element in order to generate a converging bearing gap between the tilting segment and a rotor body.

State of the art

From the European patent EP 3 260 716 B1 there is known a tilt pad bearing comprising: a tilt pad having a pin member; a sleeve, the sleeve having at least one pin element receptacle with a recess in the circumferential direction, the pin element being receivable in the recess, the pin element being movable along the recess in the circumferential direction to adjust at least one gap in the tilting segment.

Disclosure of the invention

The object of the invention is to functionally and / or technically improve a tilting segment bearing with at least one tilting segment that can be tilted relative to a housing body with the aid of a pin element in order to create a converging bearing gap between the tilting segment and a rotor body.

In the case of a tilting segment bearing with at least one tilting segment, which can be tilted relative to a housing body with the aid of a pin element in order to create a converging bearing gap between the tilting segment and a rotor body, the object is achieved in that the pin element between the housing body and the tilting segment has at least one Has cross-sectional reduction, through which a flexural rigidity of the pin element is set in a targeted manner. The rotor body is, for example, a shaft section of a shaft. In many areas of technology, high-speed shafts have to be stored. Such shafts are required, for example, in turbo compressors such as those used in particular for compressing air for supercharged internal combustion engines or for fuel cell systems. Additional components are usually mounted on, in or on the shaft, for example turbine wheels, compressor wheels or magnets for electric drives. These also rotate at a very high speed. The shafts can be made in one piece or in several parts. The shaft is preferably supported by several bearing units, for example two radial bearings and one axial bearing. The bearing units enable rotation with as little loss as possible when forces and moments act on the shaft during operation. Gas-lubricated bearings are advantageously used for storage, since they have very little friction at very high rotational speeds and thus only little bearing losses. In addition, oil or grease lubrication can be dispensed with in a gas-lubricated bearing. This is particularly advantageous in fuel cell applications, since here the compressor air that is conveyed must be oil-free in order not to damage a fuel cell stack. The tilting segment bearing advantageously comprises at least three tilting segments. The tilting segment bearing particularly preferably comprises exactly three tilting segments. The claimed tilting pad bearing is a radial bearing. The positioning accuracy of the rotor body, which is also referred to as the rotor, is improved by the claimed tilting pad bearing. This improves the overall efficiency of a machine equipped with the tilting pad bearing. Due to the stressed tilting pad bearing, bearing wear can be reduced and thus the service life of the tilting pad bearing can be increased. Due to the reduced storage losses, the cooling requirement is advantageously reduced. Gas, in particular air, is used to lubricate the tilting pad bearing. The at least one tilting segment is also referred to as a pad. Depending on the design, the tilting pad bearing comprises two or more pads. The tilting segment bearing particularly preferably comprises at least three or more pads. Depending on the design, the tilting pad bearing comprises at least two flexible pads and one fixed pad. Three pads are preferably evenly spaced from one another in a so-called one hundred and twenty degree arrangement in the circumferential direction. The pads or tilting segments can be tilted around a so-called pivot point. The reduction in cross section is used particularly advantageously to represent the pivot point. In this way, a defined tilting of the tilting segment or pad is implemented in a simple manner. With three tilting segments, the distance between the pivot points is preferably the same. It is also possible, however, to space the pivot points unequally from one another. All three tilting segments are constructed identically. Depending on the design, the pads or tilting segments can also be designed differently. The pads can be arranged with or without an axial offset. All pads can have the same center of mass. The centers of gravity can, however, also be designed to be unequal, if desired. The same applies to spring devices that can be assigned to the pin elements. Inner surfaces or inner diameters of the pads can be identical or different. A surface of the pads facing the rotor body is advantageously structured and / or equipped with a pocket. In the axial direction, the pads can be concave, flat or convex, in particular to compensate for angle errors.

A preferred embodiment of the tilting pad bearing is characterized in that that the cross-sectional reduction of the pin element is designed and arranged such that the pin element is deformed in a defined manner when the tilting pad bearing is in operation. The deformation is preferably reversible. Depending on the design, however, irreversible deformation can also be desired, at least proportionally.

Another preferred embodiment of the tilting segment bearing is characterized in that the cross-sectional reduction of the pin element is designed and arranged so that the tilting segment is specifically pretensioned relative to the rotor body in order to achieve a desired pretensioning of the tilting segment in the tilting segment bearing. This means that additional spring devices for pretensioning the tilting segment can be dispensed with.

Another preferred embodiment of the tilting segment bearing is characterized in that the pin element is firmly connected to the tilting segment. The fixed connection can be made cohesively, positively and / or non-positively. Depending on the design, it is also possible for the pin element to be connected in one piece to the tilting segment.

Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the tilting segment bearing is characterized in that the pin element has a circular cross section. The pin element has, for example, essentially the shape of a right circular cylinder. This considerably simplifies the manufacture and assembly of the pin element. The pin element is, for example, pressed with one end section into a corresponding recess in the housing body. With a further end section, the pin element can be pressed into a corresponding recess in the tilting segment.

Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the tilting segment bearing is characterized in that the cross-sectional reduction is designed as a circumferential annular groove on the pin element. This simplifies the production-related implementation of the cross-sectional reduction.

Another preferred exemplary embodiment of the tilting segment bearing is characterized in that the annular groove has an arcuate groove cross section. In this way, a desired deformation or flexural rigidity of the pin element is ensured in a simple manner when the tilting pad bearing is in operation.

Another preferred embodiment of the tilting segment bearing is characterized in that the pin element has a polygonal cross section. The pin element can, for example, have a rectangular, in particular square, cross-section. The desired reduction in cross section can be implemented, for example, by at least one longitudinal groove or by two longitudinal grooves on two sides of the pin element facing away from one another.

Another preferred embodiment of the tilting pad bearing is characterized in that the cross-section reduction is asymmetrical in cross-section. In the case of a square cross section, this means, for example, that only one longitudinal groove is provided on one side of the pin element. In the case of a circular cylindrical pin element, the asymmetrical design of the cross-sectional reduction means, for example, that the cross-sectional reduction is not designed to be rotationally symmetrical. As a result of the asymmetrical design of the cross-sectional reduction, a defined resilience, in particular a defined torsional rigidity, can be implemented in a desired deformation direction in a simple manner. The reduction in cross section can advantageously also be used to represent a solid body joint in the pin element.

The invention further relates to a pin element, a tilting segment and / or a housing body for a tilting segment bearing described above. The parts mentioned can be traded separately.

The invention optionally also relates to a method for producing or operating a tilting segment bearing described above.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description, in which various exemplary embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawing.

Figure list

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Kippsegmentlagers mit drei Kippsegmenten gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel im Querschnitt; und die
• 2 bis 4 ähnliche Kippsegmentlager wie in 1 gemäß weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen;
• 5 eine Anordnung mit zwei Kippsegmentlagern zur Radiallagerung einer Welle im Längsschnitt;
• 6 eine ähnliche Darstellung wie in 5 mit einem einteiligen Gehäusekörper für beide Kippsegmentlager; und
• 7 eine Variante des Kippsegmentlagers aus 1.

Show it:

• 1 a schematic representation of a tilting segment bearing with three tilting segments according to a first embodiment in cross section; and the
• 2 until 4th similar tilt pad bearings as in 1 according to further exemplary embodiments;
• 5 an arrangement with two tilting pad bearings for radial mounting of a shaft in longitudinal section;
• 6th a similar representation as in 5 with a one-piece housing body for both tilting pad bearings; and
• 7th a variant of the tilting pad bearing 1 .

Description of the exemplary embodiments

In the 1 until 4th and 7th is a tilting pad bearing 10 with three tilting segments 1 , 2 , 3 shown schematically in cross section according to various exemplary embodiments. Radial within the tilting segments 1 , 2 , 3 is a rotor body 4th rotatably mounted. At the rotor body 4th it is, for example, a shaft or a shaft section of a shaft.

The rotor body 4th is around an axis of rotation 20th with the help of the tilting segments 1 until 3 Rotatable counter-clockwise, as indicated by an arrow 9 is indicated. To designate the same or similar parts, the 1 until 4th and 7th the same reference numerals are used. First, the common features of the exemplary embodiments will be described. Then the differences between the exemplary embodiments of FIG 1 until 4th and 7th received.

The tilting segments 1 until 3 are each with the help of a pin element 5 , 6th , 7th defined tiltable in a housing body 8th arranged to the tilting pad 10 to represent. The case body 8th includes an inside diameter 15th and an outside diameter 14th . At its outside diameter 14th has the housing body 8th three projections equally spaced from one another in the circumferential direction 11 , 12th , 13th on.

The tilting segments 1 until 3 are in the embodiments of 1 until 4th and 7th each executed the same. Other than shown, the tilting segments can 1 until 3 but also be designed differently. The pin elements 5 until 7th are with a radially outer end portion 18th in or on the housing body 8th attached. With a radially inner end portion 19th are the pin elements 5 until 7th firmly to one of the tilting segments 1 until 3 tied together. Every tilting segment 1 until 3 but is exactly one pin element 5 until 7th assigned.

All pen elements 5 until 7th What is common in the various exemplary embodiments is that each pin element 5 until 7th a reduction in cross section 16 having that only on the pin element 5 is designated. The reduction in cross section 16 is as a circumferential ring groove 17th on the pin element 5 executed and enables a defined tilting of the tilting segment around a pivot point.

The case body 8th is also known as a cage. At the rotor body 4th , the one with the tilting segments 1 until 3 is mounted radially, it is, for example, a standing or rotating shaft of a turbo machine. The tilting segments can move during operation 1 until 3 Tilt around the pivot point according to the operating conditions.

The tilting is positioned between the tilting segments 1 until 3 and the rotor body 4th each a converging bearing gap ( 55 in 7th ), which leads to a pressure build-up and thus to an aerodynamic bearing function. So is the rotor body 4th , especially the shaft, carried on an air cushion or gas cushion without solid body friction.

The connection of the pin elements 5 until 7th with the tilting segments 1 until 3 is, for example, force-fit or form-fit 5 until 7th are, for example, non-positive and / or form-fitting or by means of a tongue and groove principle with the housing body 8th tied together.

The in 1 The illustrated embodiment are the pin elements 5 until 7th with their radially outer end sections 18th into corresponding holes in the housing body 8th pressed in. The pin elements 5 until 7th are in 1 arranged radially, as indicated by a dashed line.

With their radially inwardly directed end sections 19th are the pin elements 5 until 7th into corresponding blind holes in the tilting segments 1 until 3 pressed in.

The pin elements are in the circumferential direction 5 until 7th evenly spaced from each other.

The in 2 shown tilting pad bearings 10 are the pin elements 5 until 7th different than in 1 at an angle 22nd arranged obliquely to a radial, which in 2 is also only indicated by dashed lines. The attachment of the radially outer end section 18th the pin elements 5 until 7th takes place, for example, by pressing into corresponding bores in the housing body 8th .

The attachment of the radially inner end sections 19th the pin elements 5 until 7th on the tilting segments 1 until 3 is designed, for example, cohesively. The material connection can be made by gluing, soldering or welding.

The in 3 illustrated embodiment of the tilting pad 10 are the pin elements 5 until 7th radially movable with the help of spring devices 23 on the case body 8th appropriate. The spring devices 23 serve advantageously to the tilting segments 1 until 3 about the pin elements 5 until 7th against the rotor body 4th to pretension. In 3 you can also see that the tilting segments 1 until 3 tilting relative to the rotor body 4th exhibit.

In 3 are the pin elements 5 until 7th , like the ones in the 1 and 7th illustrated embodiments, aligned radially. In 4th are the pin elements 5 until 7th , like the one in 2 illustrated embodiment, arranged obliquely to a radial.

With the cross-sectional reduction, also known as cross-sectional tapering 16 the bending stiffness of the pin elements can be advantageous 5 until 7th and above that the defined tilting of the tilting segments 1 until 3 influence or adjust.

The protrusions 11 until 13th are radially outside on the housing body 8th in the circumferential direction between the pin elements 5 until 7th positioned and thereby form webs. For example, a non-positive or positive connection to a housing (not shown) can be established via these webs.

The in 4th illustrated embodiment of the tilting pad 10 point the pin elements 5 until 7th a thread 24 and a shoulder 21 on. By means of the thread 24 can use the pin elements 5 until 7th in the housing body or cage 8th screwed in and positioned.

According to a further exemplary embodiment (not shown), the pin elements are 5 until 7th hollow. This creates the possibility of feeding gas for cooling and / or lubrication through the pin elements directly into the bearing gap.

In the 5 and 6th is a wave 30th shown in longitudinal section. The wave 30th is with two tilting pad bearings 31 , 32 radially supported. The tilting pad bearing 31 includes two tilting segments 33 , 34 made with the help of pin elements 35 , 36 on a housing body 37 are appropriate.

One radially within the tilting segments 33 , 34 arranged shaft section of the shaft 30th represents a rotor body 38 represents. A shaft section within the tilting pad bearing is analogous 32 a rotor body 39 represent.

The rotor body 39 is with the help of tilting segments 43 , 44 of the tilting pad bearing 32 radially supported. The tilting segments 43 , 44 are with the help of pin elements 45 , 46 on a housing body 47 appropriate.

In 6th it is shown that the tilting pad bearings 31 , 32 with the pin elements 35 , 36 ; 45 , 46 and the tilting segments 33 , 34 ; 43 , 44 also in a common housing body 50 can be integrated.

In 7th it is shown that the protrusions 11 until 13th radially outside on the housing body 8th also with one through hole each 51 until 53 can be equipped. The through holes 51 until 53 extend in the axial direction and are advantageously used to support the housing body 8th , which is also referred to as a cage, to be mounted in a housing (not shown). In addition, in 7th between the tilting segment 1 and the rotor body 4th a converging bearing gap 55 designated.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• EP 3260716 B1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Tilting segment bearing (10; 31,32) with at least one tilting segment (1-3; 33,34; 43,44) which is fixed relative to a housing body (8 ; 37,49; 50) is tiltable in order to produce a converging bearing gap (55) between the tilting segment (1-3; 33,34; 43,44) and a rotor body (4; 38,39), characterized in that the pin element (5-7; 35,36; 45,46) between the housing body (8; 37,49; 50) and the tilting segment (1-3; 33,34; 43,44) has at least one cross-sectional reduction (16) , through which a flexural rigidity of the pin element (5-7; 35,36; 45,46) is set in a targeted manner. Tilting pad bearings Claim 1 , characterized in that the cross-sectional reduction (16) of the pin element (5-7,35,36; 45,46) is designed and arranged so that the pin element (5-7; 35,36,45,46) is in operation of the tilting pad bearing (10; 31,32) deformed in a defined manner. Tilting segment bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional reduction (16) of the pin element (5-7; 35,36; 45,46) is designed and arranged in such a way that the tilting segment (1-3; 33,34; 43 , 44) is specifically preloaded relative to the rotor body (4; 38,39) in order to realize a desired preload of the tilting segment (1-3; 33,34; 43,44) in the tilting segment bearing (10; 31,32). Tilting segment bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pin element (5-7; 35,36; 45,46) is firmly connected to the tilting segment (1-3; 33,34; 43,44). Tilting pad bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pin element (5-7; 35,36; 45,46) has a circular cross-section. Tilting pad bearings Claim 5 , characterized in that the cross-sectional reduction (16) is designed as a circumferential annular groove (17) on the pin element (5-7). Tilting pad bearings Claim 6 , characterized in that the annular groove (17) has an arcuate groove cross-section. Tilting pad bearings according to one of the Claims 1 until 4th , characterized in that the pin element (5-7; 35,36; 45,46) has a polygonal cross section. Tilting pad bearing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional reduction (16) is designed to be asymmetrical in cross-section. Pin element (5-7; 35,36; 45,46), tilting segment (1-3; 33,34; 43,44) and / or housing body (8; 37,39; 50) for a tilting segment bearing (10; 31, 32) according to one of the preceding claims.

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