DE102020201232B4 - Method and system for reserving public and/or private parking spaces - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces using an IT infrastructure (10) which has at least one transmitting and receiving unit (11) and a computing unit (12), comprising the following steps: - Providing a platform for concluding rental agreements between at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) of at least one parking space and at least one user (B) through the IT infrastructure (10), - obtaining parking-related properties (E1, E2, ..., EN) of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) and search criteria (K1, K2, ..., KN) from the at least one user (B) through the transmitting and receiving unit (11) ,- Comparing the parking space-related properties (E1, E2) of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) with the search criteria (K1, K2, ..., KN) of the at least one user ( B) by the computing unit (12), - assigning a suitable parking space to the at least one user (B) depending on the comparison by the computing unit (12), - creating a digital key (ID) by the computing unit (12), - Communicating the digital key (ID) to the at least one user (B) and the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN), the digital key (ID) being used to ensure that the user (B) logs in to the can authenticate and authorize at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) to obtain access to the appropriate parking space, and wherein the at least one user (B) uses a digital calendar (K) to meet the search criteria (K1 , K2, ..., KN) to a user-side device (200) and from the user-side device (200) to the IT infrastructure (10), and wherein the digital key (ID) has information about a validity period.

Description

The invention relates to a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces according to the preamble of the independent method claim. The invention further relates to a system for reserving public and/or private parking spaces according to the preamble of the independent system claim.

In urban areas there is an increasing shortage of parking spaces. Drivers planning an appointment in such areas often do not know whether there is a free parking space near their appointment location and how long they will have to search for a free parking space. Private parking spaces are often free because the users of these parking spaces are away for work during the day. On the other hand, parking spaces in office buildings are often free outside of normal business opening hours. In the publications DE 10 2012 005 573 A1 , US 2015 / 0 066 545 A1 and US 2019/0 371 176 A1 Procedures for issuing access authorizations to parking spaces are described. However, it may happen that a specific parking space cannot be reliably reserved.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, which enables improved security and reliability, greater flexibility and more detailed fulfillment of customer requests when reserving public and/or private parking spaces. It is also an object of the invention to provide an improved system for reserving public and/or private parking spaces.

The object according to the invention is achieved by a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces according to the independent method claim and a system for reserving public and/or private parking spaces according to the independent system claim. Further advantages and details of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description and the drawings. Features that are described in connection with individual aspects of the invention naturally also apply in connection with the other aspects of the invention and vice versa, so that reference is or can always be made to each other with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention.

• - Bereitstellen einer Plattform (bspw. in Form eines Marketplaces) zum Abschließen von Mietverträgen zwischen mindestens einem Anbieter zumindest eines Parkplatzes und mindestens einem Benutzer durch die IT-Infrastruktur,
• - Erhalten von parkplatzbezogenen Eigenschaften des mindestens einen Parkplatzes von dem mindestens einen Anbieter und von Suchkriterien von dem mindestens einen Benutzer durch die Sende- und Empfangseinheit, wobei insbesondere die Suchkriterien von dem mindestens einen Benutzer zusammen mit einer gezielten Anfrage an die IT-Infrastruktur übermittelt werden,
• - Vergleichen der parkplatzbezogenen Eigenschaften des mindestens einen Parkplatzes von dem mindestens einen Anbieter mit den Suchkriterien des mindestens einen Benutzers durch die Recheneinheit, wobei insbesondere der Vergleich erst nach einer erfolgten Anfrage durch den mindestens einen Benutzer gestartet wird, wobei bevorzugt der Vergleich in Form einer Suche nach Übereinstimmungen zwischen den Suchkriterien des mindestens einen Benutzers und den parkplatzbezogenen Eigenschaften des mindestens einen Parkplatzes von dem mindestens einen Anbieter durchgeführt wird,
• - Zuordnen (mindestens) eines passenden Parkplatzes an den Benutzer in Abhängigkeit von dem Vergleich durch die Recheneinheit, wobei insbesondere das Zuordnen dann erfolgt, wenn die meisten (zumindest die präferierten), vorzugsweise jedoch alle, Suchkriterien des mindestens einen Benutzers mit den parkplatzbezogenen Eigenschaften des mindestens einen Parkplatzes von dem mindestens einen Anbieter übereinstimmen,
• - Erstellen eines digitalen Schlüssels (umfassend mindestens ein Verschlüsselungswort und ggf. mindestens ein Entschlüsselungswort) durch die Recheneinheit,
• - Mitteilen des digitalen Schlüssels dem Benutzer und dem mindestens einen Anbieter, wobei der digitale Schlüssel dazu dient, dass sich der Benutzer bei dem mindestens einen Anbieter, insbesondere direkt bei dem passenden Parkplatz, bspw. an einem speziellen Blockier- und Freigabemechanismus am Parkplatz, authentifizieren (dabei werden personen- und/oder fahrzeugbezogene Daten übermittelt) und autorisieren (dabei werden die Zugangsberechtigungsdaten übermittelt) kann, um einen Zugang (bzw. eine Zufahrt) zum passenden Parkplatz zu erhalten.

According to the first aspect, the invention provides a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces using an IT infrastructure that has at least one transmitting and receiving unit and a computing unit, comprising the following steps:

• - Providing a platform (e.g. in the form of a marketplace) for concluding rental agreements between at least one provider of at least one parking space and at least one user through the IT infrastructure,
• - Obtaining parking-related properties of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider and search criteria from the at least one user through the sending and receiving unit, in particular the search criteria from the at least one user being transmitted to the IT infrastructure together with a targeted query ,
• - Comparing the parking space-related properties of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider with the search criteria of the at least one user by the computing unit, in particular the comparison only being started after a request has been made by the at least one user, the comparison preferably being in the form of a search according to matches between the search criteria of the at least one user and the parking-related properties of the at least one parking space carried out by the at least one provider,
• - Assigning (at least) a suitable parking space to the user depending on the comparison by the computing unit, in particular the assignment occurs when most (at least the preferred), but preferably all, search criteria of the at least one user with the parking-related properties of the at least one parking space from which at least one provider matches,
• - Creation of a digital key (comprising at least one encryption word and possibly at least one decryption word) by the computing unit,
• - Communicating the digital key to the user and the at least one provider, the digital key serving to authenticate the user to the at least one provider, in particular directly at the appropriate parking space, for example at a special blocking and release mechanism at the parking lot (personal and/or vehicle-related data is transmitted) and authorize (access authorization data is transmitted), to gain access (or driveway) to the appropriate parking space.

The steps of the method according to the invention can be carried out in the specified order or in any order.

The advantage of the digital key is cryptographically secured authorization and authentication. Authentication may include personal information such as: B. customer number or email, and/or vehicle-related data, such as. B. license plate. The authorization may include access authorization data.

In the case of cryptographic encryption, at least one encryption word can be generated by the IT infrastructure as part of the digital key to encrypt authorization and authentication. This can be a common encryption word or two different encryption words for the contractual partners. It is also conceivable that at least one individual encryption word can be generated by the computing unit of the IT infrastructure for each interaction or for each rental agreement.

In the case of asymmetric cryptographic encryption, at least one encryption word and at least one decryption word can be generated by the IT infrastructure as part of the digital key. This can also be a common encryption word or two different encryption words as well as a common decryption word or two different decryption words for the contractual partners. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the participating users and the providers of parking spaces can each receive a key pair, comprising an individual encryption word and an individual decryption word, from the IT infrastructure when registering for the method according to the invention.

According to the invention, the digital key also includes information about a validity period.

If several suitable parking spaces are found according to the user's search criteria, the user can select and reserve a parking space of their choice.

On the user side, a user-side device, preferably internet-capable, can be used to communicate with the IT infrastructure. On the side of the at least one provider, the provider itself and/or the at least one parking space, in particular a special blocking and releasing mechanism at the parking lot, can communicate with the IT infrastructure.

The IT infrastructure in the sense of the invention can, for example, be provided in a cloud.

The idea of the invention is that the digital key is transmitted to both the at least one user and the at least one provider, in particular directly to the appropriate parking space, for example a special blocking and release mechanism at the parking lot, and that the at least one user communicates directly with the communicates with at least one provider, in particular directly with the specific suitable parking space, in order to verify the access authorization or authorization of the at least one user using the digital key. A blocking and releasing mechanism can be provided at each parking space, which has, for example, a communication interface for receiving and a computing unit for verifying the authorization of the at least one user using the digital key. The blocking and releasing mechanism can thus form an intelligent access authorization system to the at least one parking space. The digital key serves both to verify the authentication of the user, his mobile phone or his vehicle as well as the authorization to use the assigned suitable parking space in accordance with the concluded rental agreement.

The at least one provider of the at least one parking space can be, for example, a parking garage, a private provider of individual parking spaces or a municipality with access to reservable parking spaces. The at least one provider makes the at least one parking space available using the IT infrastructure by transmitting the parking-related properties of the at least one parking space to the IT infrastructure. At least one user can purchase temporary access to the parking lot via the IT infrastructure (conclusion of a rental agreement). For this purpose, the parking-related properties can be stored in a storage unit of the IT infrastructure, such as: B. Geo coordinates, price, legal restrictions, such as. B. Women's parking space, disabled parking space, highway parking space, bus parking space, electric vehicle only parking space, etc., and the available period of possible use. The at least one provider is responsible for reserving (and thus blocking) the at least one parking space. The blocking can be done by a blocking and unblocking mechanism, e.g. B. in the form of a retractable bollard or a pivoting barrier. The blocking and unblocking mechanism can preferably be used to unblock the Exchange access authorization or the authorization of the at least one user using the digital key with the user, for example with a smartphone of the user, preferably through a special communication interface.

In principle, it is possible within the scope of the invention that an automated reservation of parking spaces can be carried out by personal assistance systems of the at least one user, which e.g. B. if there is a new appointment and the appointment location is known, you can automatically navigate to the appointment location and navigate to the parking space reserved near the appointment location. In the case of autonomously driving vehicles, it is also conceivable that at least one user can be dropped off at the destination and then independently travel to the reserved parking space. This expands the search criterion of parking radius (or proximity to the destination) by a larger distance.

According to the invention, a digital calendar of the at least one user receives access to the IT infrastructure via a user-side device, for example via a smartphone or an infotainment system of a vehicle. Access can preferably be granted automatically after a new appointment has been entered in the digital calendar. The customer can enter an appointment in their digital calendar with location information. The calendar can then ask the at least one user whether the appointment should be reached with their own vehicle. If desired, a request will be sent to the IT infrastructure specifying search criteria, such as: B. Date, time, appointment location, desired distance to the appointment location, etc. are called up. As a result of this query, a list of suitable parking spaces with corresponding parking-related properties, such as: B. Price, the available period of possible use, distance to the appointment location, etc. are communicated to at least one user, who can then select and reserve the desired parking space. Alternatively, the reservation can also be made independently via a user-side device, for example a smartphone or an infotainment system of a vehicle, without the user's help. In the event of a reservation or a concluded rental agreement, the IT infrastructure issues a corresponding shared secret (e.g. comprising an ID code for authorization and, if necessary, further information regarding the concluded rental agreement) and sends it to the person using the digital key User and to the at least one provider, in particular directly to the reserved parking space, preferably to a blocking and releasing mechanism of the reserved parking space.

An improved method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces can thus be provided, which enables improved security and reliability, greater flexibility and more detailed fulfillment of customer requirements when reserving public and/or private parking spaces. With the help of the invention, the parking infrastructure of different providers is used in an advantageous manner, unpleasant delays when searching for a parking space are prevented, the fuel and exhaust gases when searching for a parking space are reduced and secure and reliable access to a specific suitable parking space is made possible.

Furthermore, in a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, the invention can provide that the digital key forms a cryptographically secured authentication and authorization, in particular based on asymmetric cryptography. This has the advantage that authentication and authorization are secured against unauthorized reading. This can be a significant advantage, particularly in private garages or in office buildings that have access to private living and/or office spaces. The further advantage of asymmetric cryptography is that a first key, a so-called public key, can be used for encryption, while a second key, a so-called private key, can be used for decryption. The at least one user and the at least one provider can each be in possession of a private key, which they can use to decrypt the shared secret, comprising the ID code, whereby the IT infrastructure can use a public key to do this to encrypt and communicate shared secrets. In this way, the security when transmitting information can be increased even further.

Furthermore, in a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, the invention can provide that access to the appropriate parking space is granted using a blocking and releasing mechanism, which is preferably provided at each available parking space, which provides access in a secured position which prevents at least one parking space and, in an open position, allows access to the at least one parking space. Advantageously, it is conceivable that the blocking and release mechanism is transferred from the secured position to the open position using the digital key after verification of the shared secret, in particular the ID code. The blocking and releasing mechanism can do this have a retractable bollard or pivoting barrier or otherwise allow or prevent physical access to the parking lot. With the help of such a blocking and releasing mechanism, the reserved parking space can be blocked safely and reliably for at least one user.

Furthermore, in a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, the invention can provide that a shared secret is exchanged contactlessly between the at least one user and the at least one provider, in particular directly to the appropriate parking space, using the digital key, in particular based based on a Bluetooth technology, a WLAN technology, a cellular standard, electromagnetic induction and/or other near-field communication. In this way, convenient transmission and verification of the shared secret can be enabled.

In addition, in a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, the invention can provide that the digital key is transmitted to the at least one user and the at least one provider via an Internet connection. This means that convenient and easy access to the IT infrastructure can be provided for users and parking providers.

In addition, the computing unit can be designed to carry out a price and demand analysis in order to evaluate a price for the at least one parking space. In this way, fair pricing can be guaranteed, which increases trust in the process. In addition, a trading venue for, preferably largely automated, trading in parking permits can be made possible.

Furthermore, in a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, the invention can provide that the parking-related properties of the at least one parking space have primary properties and extended properties, the primary properties being a location of the at least one parking space, an available parking time and a price for the at least one parking space, wherein the extended properties include a parking space type, for example parking bay or parking pocket, a parking authorization, for example women's parking space, disabled parking space, motorway parking space, bus parking space, only for electric vehicles, etc. The distinction between the primary properties and extended properties can initially make the allocation of a suitable parking space more effective and more flexible. The extended properties also enable a differentiated valuation of at least one parking space. In this way, a trading platform can be created using the IT infrastructure to increase user satisfaction and make the platform more economically interesting for providers.

Furthermore, in a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, the invention can provide that the search criteria of the at least one user have a desired parking radius (or a distance from the at least one parking space to a desired destination of the user). With a desired parking radius, the allocation of appropriate parking spaces can be narrowed down in an advantageous manner, reducing the computing resources required for a query.

Furthermore, in a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, the invention can provide that the search criteria of the at least one user include at least the parking-related properties of the at least one parking space. This means the user can make a desired selection for all parking-related properties. In addition, it is conceivable that the search criteria can include further criteria that the IT infrastructure can determine without the help of at least one provider, such as the distance to the desired destination using the maps available on the Internet.

In addition, in a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, the invention can provide that the at least one user can use a user-side device in the form of a smartphone, a laptop, a tablet computer and/or a vehicle infotainment system in order to communicate with the IT -Infrastructure to communicate, in particular to send a request, preferably including the search criteria, to the IT infrastructure. Using user-facing devices can increase user convenience.

In addition, in a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, the invention provides that the at least one user uses a digital calendar to send the search criteria to a user-side device and from the user-side device to the IT infrastructure. This allows the connection to the IT infrastructure to be automated. This in turn creates further useful advantages of the invention. Within the scope of the invention, it is conceivable for an autonomous vehicle to use a digital calendar of at least one user can reserve a parking space using the IT infrastructure. In addition, it is conceivable that an autonomous vehicle can use an increased parking radius in order to drop off the at least one user at a desired destination and drive to the appropriate parking space.

According to a second aspect, the invention provides a system for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, comprising: an IT infrastructure, at least one provider of at least one parking space and at least one user, the IT infrastructure for providing a platform for completing Rental contracts are executed between the at least one provider of the at least one parking space and the at least one user, and wherein the IT infrastructure has the following elements: a transmitting and receiving unit for obtaining parking-related properties of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider and search criteria from the at least one user, a computing unit for comparing the parking space-related properties of the at least one parking space of the at least one provider with the search criteria of the at least one user and for assigning a suitable parking space to the at least one user depending on the comparison, the computing unit being carried out for this purpose is to create a digital key (comprising at least one encryption word and, if necessary, one decryption word) and to communicate the digital key to the at least one user and the at least one provider with whom the user logs in at the at least one provider, in particular directly at the appropriate parking space , authenticate and authorize in order to gain access to the appropriate parking space. With the help of the system according to the invention, the same advantages are achieved that were described above in connection with the method according to the invention. These advantages are fully referenced here.

Furthermore, in a system for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, the invention can provide that a blocking and releasing mechanism is provided, in particular at each available parking space, in order to grant access to the appropriate parking space, which is in a secured position to which at least one parking space is prevented and, in an open position, access to the at least one parking space is permitted. Advantageously, the blocking and releasing mechanism can be moved from the secured position to the open position using the digital key after verification of the shared secret. In this way, a reliable reservation can be made in which the user can trust that no other vehicle will intentionally or unintentionally take away the appropriate parking space. For this purpose, the blocking and release mechanism can have a retractable bollard or a pivoting barrier.

According to a third aspect, the invention provides an advantageous use of a method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces, which can run as described above, in autonomous vehicles.

Furthermore, the invention is shown in more detail with reference to the figure. It should be noted that the figure is only descriptive and is not intended to limit the invention in any way.

• 1 eine beispielhafte Ansicht eines Systems zum Reservieren von öffentlichen und/oder privaten Parkplätzen im Sinne der Erfindung.

It shows:

• 1 an exemplary view of a system for reserving public and/or private parking spaces within the meaning of the invention.

• - Bereitstellen einer Plattform (bspw. in Form eines Marketplaces) zum Abschließen von Mietverträgen zwischen mindestens einem Anbieter PP1, PP2, ..., PPN zumindest eines Parkplatzes und mindestens einem Benutzer B durch die IT-Infrastruktur 10,
• - Erhalten von parkplatzbezogenen Eigenschaften E1, E2, ..., EN des mindestens einen Parkplatzes von dem mindestens einen Anbieter PP1, PP2, ..., PPN und von Suchkriterien K1, K2, ..., KN von dem mindestens einen Benutzer B durch die Sende- und Empfangseinheit 11, (die Suchkriterien K1, K2, ..., KN von dem mindestens einen Benutzer B können zusammen mit einer gezielten Anfrage A an die IT-Infrastruktur 10 übermittelt werden),
• - Vergleichen der parkplatzbezogenen Eigenschaften E1, E2, ..., EN des mindestens einen Parkplatzes von dem mindestens einen Anbieter PP1, PP2, ..., PPN mit den Suchkriterien K1, K2, ..., KN des mindestens einen Benutzers B durch die Recheneinheit 12, (der Vergleich kann erst nach einer erfolgten Anfrage A durch den mindestens einen Benutzer B gestartet werden (Anfrage-Prinzip)), (der Vergleich kann in Form einer Suche nach Übereinstimmungen zwischen den Suchkriterien K1, K2, ..., KN des mindestens einen Benutzers B und den parkplatzbezogenen Eigenschaften E1, E2, ..., EN des mindestens einen Parkplatzes von dem mindestens einen Anbieter PP1, PP2, ..., PPN durchgeführt werden),
• - Zuordnen (mindestens) eines passenden Parkplatzes an den Benutzer B in Abhängigkeit von dem Vergleich durch die Recheneinheit 12,
• (das Zuordnen kann dann erfolgen, wenn die meisten (zumindest die präferierten, wie z. B. Parkradius), vorzugsweise jedoch alle, Suchkriterien K1, K2, ..., KN des mindestens einen Benutzers B mit den parkplatzbezogenen Eigenschaften E1, E2, ..., EN des mindestens einen Parkplatzes von dem mindestens einen Anbieter PP1, PP2, ..., PPN übereinstimmen,
• - Erstellen eines digitalen Schlüssels ID durch die Recheneinheit 12,
• - Mitteilen des digitalen Schlüssels ID dem Benutzer B und dem mindestens einen Anbieter PP1, PP2, ..., PPN,

wobei der digitale Schlüssel ID dazu dient, dass sich der Benutzer B bei dem mindestens einen Anbieter PP1, PP2, ..., PPN, insbesondere direkt bei dem passenden Parkplatz, bspw. an einem speziellen Blockier- und Freigabemechanismus 20 am Parkplatz, authentifizieren (dabei können personen- und/oder fahrzeugbezogenen Daten übermittelt werden) und autorisieren (dabei können die Zugangsberechtigungsdaten übermittelt werden) kann, um einen Zugang (bzw. eine Zufahrt) zum passenden Parkplatz zu erhalten. Ein digitaler Schlüssel ID im Sinne der Erfindung kann für eine kryptografisch gesicherte bzw. verschlüsselte Autorisierung und Authentifizierung basierend auf der asymmetrischen Kryptografie dienen. Die Authentifizierung kann zum Übertragen personenbezogener Daten, wie z. B. Kundennummer oder E-Mail, und/oder fahrzeugbezogenen Daten, wie z. B. Kennzeichen, dienen. Die Autorisierung kann zur Übertragung von Zugangsberechtigungsdaten dienen.With the help of 1 The method according to the invention is also explained. That in the 1 System 100 shown was specifically designed to carry out the method according to the invention, which is used to reserve public and/or private parking spaces using an IT infrastructure 10. The IT infrastructure 10 has at least one transmitting and receiving unit 11 and one computing unit 12. The IT infrastructure 10 is implemented, for example, by a cloud. The method according to the invention comprises the following steps:

• - Providing a platform (e.g. in the form of a marketplace) for concluding rental contracts between at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN of at least one parking space and at least one user B through the IT infrastructure 10,
• - Obtaining parking-related properties E1, E2, ..., EN of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN and search criteria K1, K2, ..., KN from the at least one user B through the sending and receiving unit 11 (the search criteria K1, K2, ..., KN from the at least one user B can be transmitted to the IT infrastructure 10 together with a targeted query A),
• - Comparing the parking-related properties E1, E2, ..., EN of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN with the search criteria K1, K2, ..., KN of the at least one user B the computing unit 12 (the comparison can only be started after a request A has been made by the at least one user B (request principle)), (The comparison can be in the form of a search for matches between the search criteria K1, K2, ..., KN of the at least one user B and the parking-related properties E1, E2, ..., EN of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider PP1 , PP2, ..., PPN can be carried out),
• - assigning (at least) a suitable parking space to user B depending on the comparison by the computing unit 12,
• (The assignment can take place when most (at least the preferred ones, such as parking radius), but preferably all, search criteria K1, K2, ..., KN of at least one user B with the parking-related properties E1, E2, ..., EN of the at least one parking space from which at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN match,
• - Creation of a digital key ID by the computing unit 12,
• - Communicating the digital key ID to user B and the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN,

wherein the digital key ID serves to ensure that the user B authenticates himself with the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN, in particular directly at the appropriate parking space, for example at a special blocking and release mechanism 20 at the parking lot ( personal and/or vehicle-related data can be transmitted) and authorize (the access authorization data can be transmitted) in order to obtain access (or access) to the appropriate parking space. A digital key ID in the sense of the invention can be used for cryptographically secured or encrypted authorization and authentication based on asymmetric cryptography. Authentication can be used to transfer personal data such as: B. customer number or email, and/or vehicle-related data, such as. B. license plates. The authorization can be used to transfer access authorization data.

After comparing the parking-related properties E1, E2, ..., EN of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN with the search criteria K1, K2, ..., KN of the at least one user If several suitable parking spaces are found by the computing unit 12 according to the search criteria K1, K2, ..., KN of the user B, the user B can select and reserve a parking space of his choice.

As it is in the 1 is shown, a user-side, preferably internet-capable, device 200 can be used on the user B's side, such as. B. a smartphone 201 or an infotainment system 202 of a vehicle to communicate with the IT infrastructure 10. On the side of the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN, the provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN itself and / or the at least one parking space, in particular a special blocking and release mechanism 20 at the parking lot, with the IT infrastructure 10 communicate.

As it is in the 1 is indicated, the IT infrastructure 10 in the sense of the invention can be implemented, for example, in a cloud. In addition, the IT infrastructure 10 can provide a storage unit 13 which is used to document and/or catalog and/or sort the search criteria K1, K2, ..., KN of the at least one user B and/or the parking-related properties E1, E2 , ..., EN of the at least one parking space from which at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN can serve. It is conceivable that the information can be cataloged in tabular, object-oriented or functional form.

The 1 shows the idea of the invention, according to which the digital key ID is given to both the at least one user B and the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN, in particular directly to the appropriate parking space, for example a special blocking and release mechanism 20 at the parking lot, is transmitted, and according to which the at least one user B communicates directly with the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN, in particular directly with the specific suitable parking space, in order to verify a shared secret using the digital key ID.

Advantageously, a blocking and releasing mechanism 20 can be provided at each parking space, which can, for example, have a communication interface (not shown for reasons of simplicity) for receiving and a computing unit (not shown) for verifying the digital key ID. Thus, each blocking and unblocking mechanism 20 can form an intelligent access authorization system to the at least one parking space.

As it also comes from the 1 can be recognized, the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN of the at least one parking space can be, for example, a parking garage PP1, a municipality PP2 with access to reservable parking spaces or a private provider PP3 of individual parking spaces. The at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN provides the at least one parking space using the IT infrastructure 10 by providing the IT infrastructure 10 with the Parking-related properties E1, E2, ..., EN of the at least one parking space are transmitted.

The at least one user B can acquire temporary access to the parking lot via the IT infrastructure 10 (conclusion of a rental agreement).

For this purpose, the parking-related properties E1, E2, ..., EN are stored in the storage unit 13 of the IT infrastructure 10. The parking-related properties E1, E2, ..., EN of the at least one parking space can have primary properties E1, E2, ..., EN and extended properties E1, E2, ..., EN. The primary properties E1 can include, for example, a location of the at least one parking space, an available parking time and/or a price for the at least one parking space. The extended properties E2 can include a parking space type, for example a parking bay or parking pocket, a parking authorization, for example a women's parking space, a disabled parking space, a motorway parking space, a bus parking space, only for electric vehicles, etc.

The search criteria K1, K2, ..., KN of the at least one user B can have a desired parking radius to a desired destination (i.e. a distance from the at least one parking space to a desired destination of the user B). Furthermore, the search criteria K1, K2, ..., KN of the at least one user B can include at least the parking space-related properties E1, E2, ..., EN of the at least one parking space.

The at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN is responsible for reserving (and thus blocking) the at least one parking space. As already mentioned above, the blocking can be implemented by a blocking and releasing mechanism 20, comprising a retractable bollard or a pivoting barrier. The blocking and enabling mechanism 20 can be transferred from the secured position to the open position after verification of a shared secret using the digital key ID between the at least one user B and the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN.

As is also the case in the 1 is indicated, within the scope of the invention an automated reservation of parking spaces is carried out by personal assistance systems of the at least one user B, via a digital calendar K. If the user B enters a new appointment T in the calendar K, the user-side device 200 can use this appointment T received. The user device 200 can then ask for the appointment location if the appointment location has not been entered in the calendar K. Furthermore, the user-side device 200 can send a corresponding request A to the IT infrastructure 10 in order to reserve a suitable parking space for the appointment and the appointment location. The user-side device 200, for example the infotainment system 202 of the vehicle, can then automatically navigate to the appointment location and navigate to the parking space reserved near the appointment location. In the case of autonomously driving vehicles, it is also conceivable that at least one user B can be dropped off at the destination and then independently travel to the reserved parking space. This allows the parking radius search criterion to be increased.

As it is in the 1 is indicated, the digital calendar K of the at least one user B receives access to the IT infrastructure 10 via the user-side terminal 200. The access can preferably be enabled automatically after a new appointment T has been entered in the digital calendar K.

A shared secret can be exchanged contactlessly between the at least one user B and the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN, in particular directly to the appropriate parking space, using the digital key ID, for example based on Bluetooth technology WLAN technology, a cellular standard and/or electromagnetic induction.

The digital key ID can in turn be transmitted via an Internet connection to the at least one user B and the at least one provider PP1, PP2, ..., PPN.

The IT infrastructure 10 in the sense of the invention can carry out a price and demand analysis in order to set a price for the at least one parking space. With the help of the IT infrastructure 10 in the sense of the invention, trading in parking permits is also possible.

The above description of the figures describes the present invention exclusively in the context of examples. Of course, individual features of the embodiments can, if it makes technical sense, be freely combined with one another without departing from the scope of the invention.

Reference symbol list

10

IT infrastructure

11

Transmitting and receiving unit

12

Computing unit

13

Storage unit

20

Blocking and releasing mechanism

100

system

200

user-side device

201

Smartphone

202

Infotainment system

A

Inquiry

b

user

E1

Characteristic

E2

Characteristic

EN

Characteristic

ID

digital key

K

calendar

K1

Search criterion

K2

Search criterion

CN

Search criterion

PP1

Provider

PP2

Provider

PP3

Provider

PPN

Provider

R

Parking radius

R*

increased parking radius

T

meeting

Claims (10)

Method for reserving public and/or private parking spaces using an IT infrastructure (10) which has at least one transmitting and receiving unit (11) and a computing unit (12), comprising the following steps: - Providing a platform for concluding rental agreements between at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) of at least one parking space and at least one user (B) through the IT infrastructure (10), - Obtaining parking space-related properties (E1, E2, ..., EN) of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) and search criteria (K1, K2, ..., KN) from the at least one user (B) through the sending and receiving unit (11), - Comparing the parking space-related properties (E1, E2) of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) with the search criteria (K1, K2, ..., KN) of the at least one user (B ) through the computing unit (12), - Assigning a suitable parking space to the at least one user (B) depending on the comparison by the computing unit (12), - Creation of a digital key (ID) by the computing unit (12), - communicating the digital key (ID) to the at least one user (B) and the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN), wherein the digital key (ID) is used to enable the user (B) to authenticate and authorize themselves with the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) in order to obtain access to the appropriate parking space, and wherein the at least one user (B) uses a digital calendar (K) to send the search criteria (K1, K2, ..., KN) to a user-side device (200) and from the user-side device (200) to the IT infrastructure (10) to send, and wherein the digital key (ID) has information about a validity period. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the digital key (ID) forms a cryptographically secured authentication and authorization. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that access to the appropriate parking space is granted by means of a blocking and unblocking mechanism (20), preferably provided at each available parking space, which in a secured position prevents access to the at least one parking space and in an open position Access to which at least one parking space is available. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a shared secret is exchanged contactlessly between the at least one user (B) and the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) using the digital key (ID), and /or that the digital key (ID) is communicated to at least one user (B) and the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) via an Internet connection. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the computing unit (12) is designed to carry out a price and demand analysis in order to evaluate a price for the at least one parking space. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parking space-related properties (E1, E2) of the at least one parking space include primary properties (E1, E2, ..., EN) and extended properties (E1, E2, ..., EN) have, whereby the primary properties (E1, E2, ..., EN) a location of the at least one parking space, an available parking time and a price for the at least one parking space, wherein the extended properties (E1, E2, ..., EN) include a parking space type and / or a parking authorization. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the search criteria (K1, K2, ..., KN) of the at least one user (B) have a desired parking radius (R), and / or that the search criteria (K1, K2, ..., KN) of the at least one user (B) include at least the parking space-related properties (E1, E2, ..., EN) of the at least one parking space. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one user (B) can use a user-side device (200) in the form of a smartphone (201), a laptop, a tablet computer and / or an infotainment system (202) of a vehicle, to communicate with the IT infrastructure (10). System (100) for reserving public and/or private parking spaces of at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) of at least one parking space by at least one user (B), comprising: an IT infrastructure (10), wherein the IT infrastructure (10) is designed to provide a platform for concluding rental agreements between the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) of the at least one parking space and the at least one user (B), and wherein the IT infrastructure (10) has the following elements: a transmitting and receiving unit (11) for receiving parking space-related properties (E1, E2) of the at least one parking space from the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) and search criteria (K1, K2, ..., KN) from the at least one user (B), a computing unit (12) for comparing the parking space-related properties (E1, E2) of the at least one parking space of the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) with the search criteria (K1, K2, ..., KN) of the at least a user (B) and for assigning a suitable parking space to the at least one user (B) depending on the comparison, wherein the computing unit (12) is designed to to create a digital key (ID) and the digital key (ID) to the at least one user (B) and the at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN), with which the user (B) logs in to at least one provider (PP1, PP2, ..., PPN) can authenticate and authorize, to get access to the appropriate parking space, and wherein the at least one user (B) uses a digital calendar (K), in order to send the search criteria (K1, K2, ..., KN) to a user device (200) and from the user device (200) to the IT infrastructure (10), and wherein the digital key (ID) has information about a validity period. System (100) after Claim 9 , characterized in that a blocking and releasing mechanism (20) is provided to grant access to the appropriate parking space, which in a secured position prevents access to the at least one parking space and in an open position prevents access to the at least one parking space releases.

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