DE102020124905A1 - Drive for automotive applications - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject matter of the invention is a drive for motor vehicle applications, which is equipped with an electric motor (7, 8) and at least one actuating element (4; 9) that can be acted upon by the electric motor (7, 8). The electric motor (7, 8) has at least one stator (7) and a rotor (8) spaced therefrom. The stator (7) and the rotor (8) are arranged in structural spaces (10, 11) that are delimited from one another. According to the invention, the structural space (10) accommodating the stator (7) is designed to be media-tight, while the structural space (11) accommodating the rotor (8) is designed to be water-protected and is in particular part of a housing (11).

Description

The invention relates to a drive for automotive applications, with an electric motor and at least one actuating element that can be acted upon by the electric motor, the electric motor having at least one stator and a rotor spaced therefrom, and the starter and the rotor being arranged in installation spaces that are delimited from one another.

Drives for motor vehicle applications are used in a variety of ways on and in motor vehicles. For example, such drives are used in connection with a window winder, a seat adjustment, the movement of a motor vehicle door, etc. It is also known to provide such drives inside a motor vehicle lock or to assign them to the motor vehicle lock. In addition, drives of this type are used, for example in electric or hybrid motor vehicles, to releasably lock the charging plug of a charging infrastructure in a charging socket on the motor vehicle.

The generic state of the art according to EP 2 450 575 A1 deals in this context with a drive for a liquid feed pump of a motor vehicle. An electrically commutated motor stator and a permanently excited motor rotor are provided for this purpose. Likewise a so-called containment shell, which has a wet area. The wet area is separated with the motor rotor and a pump rotor from a dry area having the motor stator. This is intended to provide a cost-effective arrangement that is easy to manufacture.

The further state of the art after DE 1 199 157 relates to an electromagnetically controlled locking mechanism for vehicle doors, in particular for motor vehicles. An electromagnet is provided for this purpose. Also, a latch equipped with a return spring. The bolt that passes through the electromagnet consists of an iron core and a non-ferrous metal part that forms the actual bolt.

As part of the DE 1 211 508 an electromagnetically operated central lock is presented. In this case, magnetic coils are provided, with the help of which a door bolt can be controlled. In addition, a bolt lock consisting of a stop ring and a pawl, which is arranged coaxially to the bolt behind an actuating solenoid.

Finally, the utility model deals DE 20 2016 105 005 U1 with a motor vehicle lock with a locking mechanism and a lock mechanism and an electrical setting arrangement for setting different lock states of the lock mechanism. The adjustment arrangement has a rotor and a rotor-magnet arrangement for generating a rotor magnetic field. In addition, a stator is realized with a stator magnet arrangement for generating a stator magnetic field. The rotor-magnet arrangement and the stator-magnet arrangement are fixed in place on a lock housing section of the motor vehicle lock. The rotor can be pivoted about a rotor axis relative to the support section in question. In this way, overall cost optimization is pursued.

The state of the art has basically proven itself when it comes to providing drives for motor vehicle applications in which the stator and the rotor are arranged in installation spaces that are delimited from one another. However, arise in practice and on the disclosure of EP 2 450 575 A1 additional requirements to the effect that an embodiment that is protected overall from environmental influences is required. In fact, such drives for motor vehicle applications are often arranged in the so-called wet area, ie where dust, rainwater, etc. can penetrate the interior of the motor vehicle body, for example in the wet area of a door leaf. Since, in the case of the known teaching, the pump rotor there is arranged in the wet area, improvements are required. This is where the invention comes in.

The invention is based on the technical problem of further developing such a drive for motor vehicle applications in such a way that an embodiment that is particularly protected against environmental influences such as dust or water is made available.

To solve this technical problem, a generic drive for motor vehicle applications is characterized within the scope of the invention in that the space accommodating the stator is designed to be media-tight, while the space accommodating the rotor is designed to be water-protected and in particular is part of a housing.

Within the scope of the invention, both the stator and the rotor experience a protected and, in particular, water-protected attachment and arrangement. In general, at least one stator and at least one rotor can be used. In other words, two or more stators as well as two or more runners are basically also conceivable. For example, a stator can be equipped with two opposing rotors.

In addition and essentially, the structural space accommodating the stator is first of all designed to be media-tight or watertight, ie no liquids, and in particular water, can penetrate at this point.

In fact, the space accommodating the stator is first of all designed to be media-tight or watertight, i. H. no liquids and especially water can penetrate at this point. A gas exchange

Air exchange, on the other hand, is mostly possible. The installation space accommodating the rotor is also designed to be at least water-protected, i. H. at least protected against splashing water. Any water vapor, on the other hand, can penetrate as well as gas and, in particular, air. Of course, a media-tight or watertight design of the installation space accommodating the rotor is also possible and conceivable in a predefined sense.

In this way, first of all, a particularly durable and durable design of the drive for motor vehicle applications is made available and implemented. This is because the structural space accommodating the stator is designed at least to be watertight and the structural space accommodating the rotor is also water-protected and advantageously also watertight. This prevents water from penetrating the electric motor from the outset and thus significantly increases its service life. As a result of this, the stator in particular with the installation space accommodating it can be placed in a so-called wet area, for example a motor vehicle door, in order to move a window pane as a window lifter drive, to ensure mirror adjustment or to function as a door drive for the associated motor vehicle door. All of this can be implemented easily, easily and permanently, with the additional separation between the stator and rotor in the separate installation spaces ensuring wear-free operation. This is where the main advantages can be seen.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, a liquid-tight and/or gas-tight partition wall is generally provided between the stator and the rotor. This partition wall is usually a wall made of plastic. The installation space accommodating the stator, like the installation space accommodating the rotor, can each be made of a plastic, for example designed as a plastic injection-molded housing.

In addition, the stator is arranged in whole or in part in the housing that accommodates it. That is, the stator fills the installation space accommodating it and thus the housing completely or completely. Of course, any power supply for the stator is also housed in the installation space in question. In addition, one or more sensors monitoring the stator can also be placed in the installation space in question. These sensors can be used, for example, to record the movement of the runner. In this respect, at least one sensor can also be assigned to the runner. With the help of the sensors, any start or stop operations as well as rotary or linear movements can be recorded and also counted numerically.

Either way, the installation space accommodating the stator is primarily or only aligned and designed for accommodating the stator. As a result, as a rule no further additional elements (apart from the voltage supply mentioned, the one or more sensors or the like) can be accommodated in its interior. The invention is based on the finding that the stator is predominantly a stationary coil and, in particular, a magnet coil, which, according to the invention, primarily depends on the media-tight design, so that neither the coil nor any additionally provided magnet can be protected from any water that may penetrate be harmed.

The housing that fully or partially accommodates the stator can be designed overall in such a way that the housing in question at least partially encloses the rotor. In this case, the housing typically has a recess for the rotor. As a result, a particularly compact embodiment is made available. In addition, this embodiment variant ensures that the rotor can in this way dip into the magnetic field generated by the stator in a targeted manner or can interact with the magnetic field in general.

As part of an alternative, a housing that accommodates the stator and the rotor together can also be provided. In this case, the stator is typically found in a housing area closed off by the partition and the rotor is arranged in a further housing area separate therefrom.

The stator is generally an electromagnet. The rotor can also be designed as an electromagnet. As a rule, however, the rotor is a permanent magnet or a magnetizable material. In principle, however, the rotor can also be made of a magnetizable material as well as one or more permanent magnets have magnets. Either way, the rotor can be set in motion in this way, depending on the magnetic field generated by the stator.

Overall and further, the procedure can be such that the stator generates a rotating magnetic field for the runner, which is then designed as a rotor. It is even possible without any problems to change the direction of rotation of the magnetic field, for example clockwise or counterclockwise. Pulsed operation or step-by-step operation is also possible. As a result, very different actuating movements can be implemented in connection with motor vehicle applications, all of which rely on a rotational movement. Examples of this are a servo drive inside a motor vehicle lock, for example in order to lift a pawl from its latching engagement with the rotary latch. Such a rotary drive can also be used, for example, to adjust a mirror or a seat. Other actuating movements, for example for pulling shut a motor vehicle door and in particular a motor vehicle tailgate, are also conceivable.

As part of an alternative, the stator can also generate a linear magnetic field instead of a rotating magnetic field for the runner designed as a rotor. In this case, the runner is designed as a linear runner and is caused to perform corresponding linear adjustment movements by the linear magnetic field generated by the stator. In this case, at least two different directions of the linear adjusting movements can be implemented in the sense of a back-and-forth movement. Pulsed operation is also possible without any problems.

Such linear adjustment movements are necessary, for example, when the drive is used as a locking actuator in connection with an electric charging device in an electric or hybrid motor vehicle. In fact, such a locking actuator usually acts on a linear locking element, with the help of which a charging plug as part of a charging infrastructure is or can be locked releasably in a charging socket on the motor vehicle. Of course, other possible applications are also conceivable, for example such that a motor vehicle door is opened with the help of the linear drive. It is also conceivable to use such a linear drive as a window lifter.

A variant of the invention is very particularly preferably based on a locking device and in particular a motor vehicle lock and preferably a motor vehicle door lock which is equipped with the aforementioned drive for motor vehicle applications. In this case, a servo opening can be brought about, for example, with the aid of the rotary drive, in that the rotary drive works directly or indirectly on a pawl in the detent position and lifts it from its engagement with the rotary latch. As a result of this, the associated locking mechanism consisting of rotary latch and pawl can then open. In principle, however, a locking drive in the sense of a central locking can also be realized and implemented with the aid of the described drive. A door drive or closing drive can also be implemented here. Of course, this also applies if a linear drive is used instead of the rotary drive.

As a result, a drive for motor vehicle applications is made available, which works for a particularly long time and, moreover, functions practically without wear. First of all, this can be attributed to the spatial separation between the stator and rotor. In addition, the stator is accommodated in a media-tight installation space, which means it is protected in particular against the ingress of water and moisture. The same applies to the runner, which is placed in the water-protected installation space and separately from it. This installation space usually involves a housing that is intended or has to be implemented anyway. In the case of a locking device and in particular a motor vehicle lock, the installation space accommodating the rotor can be the lock housing that is required and mandatory anyway, while the stator is practically “flanged” to this lock housing in its own housing or media-tight installation space on the outside.

The variant as a locking actuator can be used in a similar manner. In this case, the structural space accommodating the stator is connected to an electrical charging device, as it were, which in turn provides a housing for the runner, which in this case is designed as a linear rotor. That is to say, the installation space accommodating the rotor is usually available anyway or is required and is usually also designed to be water-tight. This reduces the effort to be made by the invention to a minimum because only and additionally the space accommodating the stator in the form of a plastic housing enclosing the stator, for example, has to be additionally provided and connected to the housing that is already present. This is where the main advantages can be seen.

• 1 einen Antrieb für kraftfahrzeugtechnische Anwendungen in rotativer Auslegung schematisch,
• 2 den Antrieb für kraftfahrzeugtechnische Anwendungen in linearer Auslegung ebenfalls schematisch,
• 3 ein Anwendungsbeispiel für den rotativen Antrieb nach der 1 und
• 4 ein alternatives Anwendungsbeispiel für den linearen Antrieb nach der 2.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing that merely represents an exemplary embodiment; show it:

• 1 a drive for automotive applications in rotary design schematically,
• 2 the drive for motor vehicle applications in linear design also schematically,
• 3 an application example for the rotary drive according to the 1 and
• 4 an alternative application example for the linear drive according to the 2 .

A drive for motor vehicle applications is shown in the figures. The motor vehicle applications are in the context of the example 3 an application in connection with a locking device and in particular a motor vehicle lock, preferably a motor vehicle door lock. In this case, the drive works in a rotating manner. In fact, the drive is used here as a servo drive or servo motor in order to lift a pawl 2 as part of a locking mechanism 1, 2 from its engagement with the rotary latch 1. For this purpose, the drive to be described in more detail below generates a 3 to be recognized rotational movement in the clockwise direction, which is transmitted to the pawl 2 to lift them from their engagement with the rotary latch 1.

Another application of the drive to be described in more detail below is in 4 shown. In this case, the drive works linearly and acts on a locking element 4 that executes linear movements along the double arrow shown there in such a way that the locking element 4 detachably engages in a charging plug 5, which in turn is plugged into a charging socket 6 on the motor vehicle. The charging plug 5 is part of a charging infrastructure.

In the 1 and 2 the detailed structure of the drive for motor vehicle applications is now shown. This corresponds to the 1 to the rotary drive with the already described application as a servo drive in the 3 . the 2 contrast represents a linear drive, which in the application as a locking actuator in the 4 has already been addressed and dealt with.

Both drive variants according to the 1 and 2 first of all have an electric motor 7, 8 and at least one actuating element 4 or 9 that can be acted upon by the electric motor 7, 8. The actuating element 4 is the previously mentioned locking element 4 in connection with the linear actuator or the locking actuator according to FIG 4 . In contrast, the actuating element 9 is designed as a lever 9, which for rotational loading of the pawl 2 in the context of the variant according to 3 serves.

The in the 1 and 2 The electric motor 7, 8 shown has at least one stator 7 and a rotor 8 spaced therefrom. The stator 7 and the rotor 8 are arranged in structural spaces 10, 11 that are delimited from one another. According to the invention, the structural space 10 accommodating the stator 7 is media-tight and, in particular, watertight. In contrast, the structural space 11 accommodating the rotor 8 has a water-protected design, so in principle it allows water vapor to penetrate, for example, but is protected against splashing water. Of course, the installation space 11 accommodating the rotor 8 can also be designed to be media-tight and preferably watertight.

The installation space 11 accommodating the rotor 8 also represents a component of a housing 11. In fact, the design according to the invention is such that the installation space 10 accommodating the stator 7 is designed according to the exemplary embodiment as an annular housing 10 that practically completely encloses the stator 7, which according to the Embodiment is designed as a closed plastic housing and in particular plastic injection molded housing. It can be seen that in the context of the variant after the 3 the housing 10 accommodating the stator 7 is connected to a lock housing 11 that is present and required there anyway. In fact, the lock housing 11 serves to accommodate and enclose the locking mechanism 1, 2 located there, as well as other components. In the example case, the housing 10 for the stator 7 is flanged or connected to this lock housing 11 on the outside. This can be done in terms of a one-piece manufacturing process.

It is comparable with the variant after the 4 proceeded. In this case, the housing 10 accommodating the stator 7 is again connected to the housing 11, for example flanged or integrally connected thereto. In this case, the housing 11 is the housing of an electrical charging device, which has, among other things, the charging socket 6 on the vehicle side, into which the charging plug 5 engages in a releasable locking manner.

The housing 10 for accommodating the stator 7 can at least partially enclose the rotor 8, as shown in FIG 1 is shown. Is to a recess 10a in the housing 10 for receiving the rotor 8 is provided and realized. Such a variant is also shown in dash-dotted lines in 4 shown. In this case, the stator 7 and the rotor 8 are arranged in a common housing 10, 11, which has a housing area closed off by a partition wall 12 for receiving the stator 7.

In the context of the illustration, the stator 7 is an electromagnet 7a, 7b, which is composed essentially of a coil 7a and a magnet or a magnetizable material 7b. The coil 7a can be arranged on a printed circuit board that is not explicitly shown. In addition, it is conceivable that the coil 7a represents a component of a control unit, which is likewise not expressly shown. The stator 7 or the electromagnet 7a, 7b can have a U-shaped configuration as shown in FIG 1 with the north and south poles indicated there, which result from the corresponding energization of the coil 7a. The stator 7 or the electromagnet 7a, 7b can have a U-shaped configuration as shown in FIG 1 with the north and south poles indicated there, which result from the corresponding energization of the coil 7a. In principle, a rotating magnetic field can also be generated, so that the rotor 8, which in this case has a permanent magnet 8a, is rotated, as indicated by a double arrow in FIG 1 hints. For this purpose, the rotor 8 is designed entirely as a permanent magnet 8a or is the permanent magnet 8a a part of the rotor 8, such as in particular the variant according to FIG 4 makes clear.

In this variant after the 4 if the stator 7 generates a linear magnetic field, for this purpose it is again composed of a coil 7a and a magnet 7b or a magnetizable material 7b. This in turn can generate a magnetic field or a magnetic pole which, depending on its characteristics, attracts or repels the opposite pole of the permanent magnet 8a, as indicated by the double arrow in FIG 4 is indicated. As a result of this, linear adjusting movements can be transmitted in this way to the runner 8, which is then designed as a linear runner, and consequently to the locking element 4 connected to both.

In the 3 and 4 Various applications of the drive described are now shown, as has already been explained above. In fact, the variant reaches for the 3 on the rotary drive of 1 back in that the runner 8 designed as a rotor drives the lever 9 directly or indirectly, which in turn ensures that the pawl 2 is lifted from its engagement with the rotary latch 1 and thus the locking mechanism 1, 2 is opened in the sense of a servo drive. In contrast, the drive in the variant functions according to the 4 as a locking actuator. In fact, in this case the runner 8 performs linear adjusting movements and is consequently designed as a linear runner. These linear actuating movements are transferred to the connected locking element 4, which in turn ensures that the charging plug 5 inserted into the charging socket 6 can be releasably locked therein.

Reference List

1

rotary latch

1, 2

lock

2

pawl

4

locking element, adjusting element

5

charging plug

6

charging socket

7

stator

7a

coil 7a

7a, 7b

electromagnet

7b

magnetizable material

7, 8

electric motor

8th

runner

8a

permanent magnet

9

actuator, lever

10

Installation space, ring housing

10a

recess

10, 11

installation spaces

11

Installation space, housing, lock housing

12

partition wall

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• EP 2450575 A1 [0003, 0007]
• DE 1199157 [0004]
• DE 1211508 [0005]
• DE 202016105005 U1 [0006]

Claims (10)

Drive for motor vehicle applications, with an electric motor (7, 8) and at least one actuating element (4; 9) that can be acted upon by the electric motor (7, 8), the electric motor (7, 8) having at least one stator (7) and a rotor spaced therefrom (8), and wherein the stator (7) and the rotor (8) are arranged in structural spaces (10, 11) that are delimited from one another, characterized in that the structural space (10) accommodating the stator (7) is designed to be media-tight, while the installation space (11) accommodating the rotor (8) is designed to be watertight and in particular constitutes a component part of a housing (11). drive after claim 1 , characterized in that between the stator (7) and the rotor (8) a liquid and / or gas-tight partition (12) is provided. drive after claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the stator (7) is arranged in a housing (10) accommodating it in whole or in part. drive after claim 3 , characterized in that the housing (10) encloses the rotor (8) at least partially. drive after claim 3 or 4 , characterized in that the housing (10) has a recess (1 0a) for the rotor (8). Drive after one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that a housing (10, 11) accommodating the stator (7) and the rotor (8) together is provided, the stator (7) being arranged in a housing area closed off by the partition (12). Drive after one of Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the stator (7) is designed as an electromagnet (7a, 7b) and the rotor (8) as a permanent magnet (8a) or is made from a magnetizable material (7b), or vice versa. Drive after one of Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that the stator (7) generates a rotating magnetic field for the runner (8) designed as a rotor. Drive after one of Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that the stator (7) generates a linear magnetic field for the runner (8) designed as a linear runner. Locking device, in particular motor vehicle lock, preferably motor vehicle door lock, with a drive according to one of Claims 1 until 9 .

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