DE102020120832A1 - Hitching device for a truck and method for producing and/or repairing hard shoulders and/or hard shoulders and/or road shoulders - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an attachment device (1) for a truck for producing and/or repairing hard shoulders and/or verges and/or shoulders of a roadway, comprisinga) a fastening unit (2) for fastening the attachment device (1) to the rear of the truck, b) a trough (3) for receiving pourable material from the truck, c) a working unit (4), c1) wherein the working unit (4) can be adjusted between a rest position and a working position by means of an adjustment device (5) when the attachment device is attached, c2) wherein the adjusting device (5) comprises a height adjustment device (5a) for vertically adjusting the working unit (4) and a displacement device (5b) for displacing the working unit (4) in a lateral direction,c3) wherein the working unit (4) has a container ( 6) for receiving pourable material from the trough (3) comprises at least one outlet opening (7a, 7b) for discharging the schut table material, andc4) wherein the working unit (4) comprises at least one compacting device (8a, 8b) which is arranged behind the at least one outlet opening (7a, 7b), andd) a control device which is designed and set up for this purpose to move the working unit in the working position and during the work assignment by means of the displacement device (5b) to adjust its position relative to the edge of the road in the lateral direction such a mounting device (1).

Description

The invention relates to an attachment device for a truck for producing and/or repairing hard shoulders and/or hard shoulders and/or road verges, and to a truck with such an attachment device.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing and/or repairing hard shoulders and/or shoulder strips and/or road shoulders by means of the attachment device already mentioned above.

Hard shoulders are adjacent to the roadway, often separated from it by a solid line, and may be paved or unpaved. Hard shoulders form the end of the roadway and prevent the edge of the roadway from breaking off. Road shoulders connect to the hard shoulder or, if present, to the hard shoulder and serve as an unpaved hard shoulder, for example to accommodate traffic signs. In addition, road shoulders give the paved road additional support and allow part of the surface water to seep away. Hard shoulders, hard shoulders and road shoulders must first be built and then regularly maintained to ensure traffic safety and to maintain structural functions, such as the drainage of surface water. Several activities must be performed to maintain road verges, hard shoulders or verges, such as filling up potholes, mowing grass or removing road dirt and vegetation debris. Usually, different devices are used for this one after the other, each of which has to be transported to the place of work. This is done using trucks or trailers, which transport the device to the work site on their loading area and unload and load it there again. This means a lot of time as well as high costs, which arise, for example, from the multiple trips to the place of work.

The object of the invention is therefore to propose a device and a method for producing and/or repairing hard shoulders and/or edge strips and/or road shoulders, which overcomes the disadvantages mentioned.

This object is achieved with regard to the device by an attachment device with the features according to claim 1 and with regard to the method by a method for producing and/or repairing hard shoulders and/or edge strips and/or road shoulders with the features according to claim 12. Advantageous refinements and developments are specified in the respective dependent claims.

1. a) eine Befestigungseinheit zur Befestigung und Sicherung der Anbauvorrichtung an dem Heck des Lastkraftwagens,
2. b) eine Wanne zur Aufnahme von schüttfähigem Material (auch: Schüttgut) aus dem Lastkraftwagen, beispielsweise Mineralbeton oder Schotter, und
3. c) eine Arbeitseinheit,
   • c1) wobei die Arbeitseinheit bei angebauter Anbauvorrichtung mittels zumindest einer Verstelleinrichtung zwischen einer Ruheposition, in welcher die Arbeitseinheit - bezogen auf eine Arbeitsrichtung der Arbeitseinheit - hinter dem Heck des Lastkraftwagens und von der Fahrbahn beabstandet angeordnet ist, und einer Arbeitsposition, in welcher die Arbeitseinheit zumindest teilweise seitlich über den Lastkraftwagen hervorsteht und zum herzustellenden und/oder zu reparierenden Seitenstreifen und/oder Randstreifen und/oder Straßenbankett hin abgesenkt ist, verstellbar ist,
   • c2) wobei die Verstelleinrichtung zumindest eine Höheneinstelleinrichtung zum vertikalen Verstellen der Arbeitseinheit und zumindest eine Verschiebeeinrichtung zum Verschieben der Arbeitseinheit in lateraler Richtung umfasst, und
   • c3) wobei die Arbeitseinheit einen Behälter zur Aufnahme von schüttfähigem Material aus der Wanne umfasst, der wenigstens eine Auslassöffnung, insbesondere an einer Unterseite des Behälters, zum Auslassen des schüttfähigen Materials aufweist, und
   • c4) wobei die Arbeitseinheit wenigstens ein Verdichtungsgerät, welches - bezogen auf die Arbeitsrichtung der Arbeitseinheit - hinter der wenigstens einen Auslassöffnung angeordnet ist, umfasst, und
4. d) eine Steuereinrichtung, die dazu ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist, die Arbeitseinheit in der Arbeitsposition und während des Arbeitseinsatzes mittels der Verschiebeeinrichtung zur Anpassung ihrer Position relativ zum Fahrbahnrand in lateraler Richtung zu verschieben.

The attachment device according to the invention for a truck for producing and/or repairing hard shoulders and/or verges and/or shoulders of a roadway

1. a) a fastening unit for fastening and securing the hitch at the rear of the truck,
2. b) a trough for receiving loose material (also: bulk material) from the truck, for example mineral concrete or gravel, and
3. c) a unit of work,
   • c1) with the working unit, with the hitch attached, being arranged by means of at least one adjusting device between a rest position, in which the working unit - in relation to a working direction of the working unit - is arranged behind the rear of the truck and at a distance from the roadway, and a working position in which the working unit is at least partly protrudes laterally over the truck and is lowered towards the hard shoulder and/or hard shoulder and/or road shoulder to be built and/or repaired, is adjustable,
   • c2) wherein the adjusting device comprises at least one height adjustment device for vertically adjusting the working unit and at least one displacement device for laterally displacing the working unit, and
   • c3) the working unit comprising a container for receiving pourable material from the trough, which has at least one outlet opening, in particular on an underside of the container, for letting out the pourable material, and
   • c4) wherein the working unit comprises at least one compacting device, which—relative to the working direction of the working unit—is arranged behind the at least one outlet opening, and
4. d) a control device, which is designed and set up to move the working unit in the working position and during use by means of the displacement device to adjust its position in the lateral direction relative to the edge of the road.

In the present case, the working direction is the direction of travel of the attachment device or the working unit during the processing of the side strip and/or hard shoulder and/or road shoulder, ie in the direction of travel of the truck along the roadway and the hard shoulder to be processed and/or hard shoulder and/or road shoulder.

The edge of the road is understood to mean the transition between the road on the one hand and the hard shoulder and/or hard shoulder and/or road shoulder on the other hand.

A lateral direction is understood to mean, in particular, a direction transverse or perpendicular to the working direction, in particular an at least essentially horizontal direction. For example, this includes a movement of the work unit from the lowered position in the direction of the shoulder and/or shoulder and/or road shoulder and/or a movement of the work unit transversely or perpendicularly to the transition between the roadway on the one hand and the shoulder and/or shoulder and/or road shoulder on the other Roger that.

Terms such as "vertical" or "perpendicular" or "horizontal" are to be interpreted in a conventional manner with regard to the earth's gravitational field.

The idea of the invention is therefore to propose a hitch that is attached to the truck both in normal traffic, for example when approaching a construction site, and during the manufacture and/or repair of hard shoulders and/or hard shoulders and/or road shoulders is and can remain. For this purpose, the working unit can be moved between a rest position and a working position. In the rest position, the hitch is positioned essentially completely behind the truck and in the vertical direction at a distance from the roadway and is preferably also secured, for example by means of one or more chains, and thus does not impede when the truck is driving, for example to the place of use. In the working position, the working unit protrudes at least partially laterally over the truck and is lowered towards the verge and/or verge and/or road shoulder to be manufactured or repaired. The arrival and departure to and from the place of use as well as the processing of the hard shoulder and/or hard shoulder and/or road shoulder can thus be carried out without having to remove or attach the hitch to the truck, the truck with the hitch is directly at the place of use without any set-up effort usable.

In an expedient embodiment, a lifting and lowering device is provided for lowering and raising the hitch attached to the truck between a raised driving position and a lowered position of the hitch. The working unit is usually in its rest position when the lifting and lowering device is used. The lifting and lowering device is a device for adjusting the hitch in the vertical direction. Usually, the truck has a trough (also: tipper) for receiving the pourable material. In this case, the lifting and lowering device preferably comprises one or more, in particular two chains, via which the hitch is connected to the trough in such a way that the lifting and lowering of the hitch between the driving position and the lowered position via the chains is caused by the lowering or raising of the trough takes place. The chains can be attached to the trough of the hitch, for example, via chain eyes. At the same time, the chains can serve to secure the attachment of the hitch to the truck, particularly in the driving position.

The height adjustment device for vertical adjustment and the displacement device for lateral displacement of the working unit preferably comprise a hydraulic drive, for example a hydraulic cylinder, and/or a spindle drive and/or a pneumatic drive. The displacement device can be, for example, a telescoping rod with an outer and an inner telescopic rod, the inner telescopic rod being at least partially slidable into and out of the outer telescopic rod, for example by means of a hydraulic drive, in particular a hydraulic cylinder.

In the following, for the sake of simplicity, road verges are primarily spoken of, but the descriptions and explanations apply in the same way to verges or hard shoulders.

In order to clean the road shoulder and/or the roadway before and/or after processing, in particular to remove existing dirt and damaged parts that need to be replaced, as well as any increase in the road shoulder that has developed over time, such as overgrowth, the work unit includes according to an advantageous Embodiment one or more cleaning units.

A - based on the working direction of the working unit - front cleaning unit is used to clean the road shoulder before the discharge and compaction of the loose material and is arranged in a front area of the working unit in front of the at least one outlet opening. The front cleaning unit can be, for example, a tiller and/or a broom, for example a weed broom. The front cleaning unit serves in particular to remove damaged and/or old road shoulders and/or to remove weeds from the road shoulder.

Alternatively or additionally, a lateral (or: lateral) cleaning unit for cleaning the shoulder of the road is provided, based on the working direction of the working unit, which is arranged in a lateral area of the working unit pointing away from the roadway. This can be a plow blade, for example. With the lateral cleaning device, dirt, for example dirt produced by the front cleaning unit, is pushed to the side and thus further away from the roadway. The lateral cleaning unit can be adjusted between a rest position and a working position, in particular by means of a movement device, which has a pneumatically controlled cylinder, for example, the lateral cleaning unit being at least partially spaced laterally from the container of the working unit in the working position. For example, in the working position, the clearing blade protrudes laterally at an angle from the container, comparable to a snow clearer. The lateral cleaning unit can therefore be used if required. When in use, it can be retracted from the working position to the rest position or even to an intermediate position if obstacles such as control posts or traffic signs occur, for example. A pneumatically controlled cylinder offers the advantage that the lateral cleaning unit can spring back when it hits an obstacle, for example a delineator post or a traffic sign, thus preventing damage.

According to a further variant or in addition, the working unit can have a rear cleaning unit - in relation to the working direction of the working unit - for cleaning, in particular sweeping away, the roadway after the pourable material has been discharged and compacted, which is located in a rear region of the working unit, in particular laterally towards Roadway offset, is arranged. The rear cleaning unit can be, for example, a rotating broom that sweeps loose material that has fallen onto the roadway off the roadway. For this purpose, the axis of rotation of the rotating broom is preferably oriented obliquely and thus not perpendicular to the edge of the road in such a way that the scattered, pourable material is swept sideways off the road. The direction of rotation is selected in such a way that the bristles of the broom—except for the inclined position of the axis of rotation—sweep across the roadway essentially in the direction of travel.

Hard shoulders and/or hard shoulders and/or road shoulders must be adjusted to the level of the road, usually lower, and have a certain lateral inclination, usually between 6 and 12% slope away from the road. According to an advantageous development, the working unit includes a height setting device, in particular a height slider, for setting a required height of the hard shoulder and/or verge and/or road shoulder in relation to the level of the roadway and/or a tilting device for setting the working unit to a required lateral inclination of the side and/or verge and/or road verge. In particular, the tilting device comprises one or more pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders.

In order to check the inclination of the working unit, the attachment device advantageously includes a testing device, in particular a spirit level, with the testing device being arranged on the working unit, in particular on the container.

The pourable material gets from the truck into the trough of the hitch, for example the pourable material slides into the trough by lifting the trough of the truck. In order to transfer pourable material from the trough into the container, according to an embodiment of the invention the trough has an outlet flap for discharging the pourable material from the trough into the container. According to an advantageous development, this outlet flap can be moved between an open position and a closed position by means of a closing direction, the closing device for this purpose in particular comprising one or more pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders. According to a preferred embodiment, the trough alternatively or additionally has a conveying unit for conveying the pourable material from the trough into the container, the conveying unit in particular comprising a conveyor belt, wherein pourable material can be conveyed by the conveyor belt in the trough in the direction of the outlet flap. In a preferred embodiment, the outlet flap and the conveyor unit, in particular the conveyor belt, are coupled in such a way that the outlet flap closes automatically when the conveyor unit is or is switched off, and opens automatically when the conveyor unit is or is switched on.

The outlet flap and/or conveying unit can be used to ensure that the pourable material is evenly transferred and subsequently conveyed from the tub into the container. Advantageously, the closing device for opening and closing the outlet flap and/or the conveyor unit can be automatically filled with pourable materials depending on the filling of the container of the working unit are controlled according to the material, preferably together, that is to say the outlet flap is opened when the conveyor unit is switched on, in order to fill the container, and is closed when the conveyor unit is switched off, meaning that the container is no longer filled. If the filling of the container falls below a predetermined level, the delivery unit is switched on and the outlet flap is opened until a predetermined filling level is reached and the delivery unit is switched off again and the outlet flap is closed again. Provision can also be made for the closing device of the outlet flap and/or the conveyor unit to be controlled from the driver's cab, for example by the driver, for example using camera images which show the filling level of the container of the working unit.

A chute for the pourable material can be arranged between the outlet flap of the trough and the container of the working unit, via which the pourable material emerging from the trough reaches the container. In particular, the chute is slidably and/or rotatably mounted on another part of the conveyor unit and/or on the trough and/or on the container of the working unit, so that the chute in the rest position of the working unit is essentially horizontal under the trough, i.e. behind the rear of the truck, and in the working position of the working unit is arranged obliquely between the trough and the container, so that in the working position pourable material can be conveyed from the trough into the container. The chute thus forms an inclined plane so that the pourable material is conveyed into the container using gravity and without additional energy expenditure.

In order to detect a filling level of the pourable material inside the trough or inside the container, according to an advantageous embodiment, the attachment device comprises at least one filling level sensor arranged in or on the trough and/or in or on the container. Various sensors known for measuring a filling level, for example ultrasonic sensors or capacitive sensors, can be used as filling level sensors. If the filling level sensor is advantageously integrated into a control or regulation circuit, in particular together with the closing device of the outlet flap and/or the conveyor unit in the trough, this enables consumption-controlled, automatic replenishment of pourable material from the trough into the container.

According to a preferred development of the attachment device, the working unit, in particular the container, comprises two filling shafts that are separate from one another and each have an outlet opening for letting out the loose material, and at least two compacting devices which—relative to the working direction of the working unit—are each arranged behind the outlet openings . The work result can be improved overall by applying and compacting the new road shoulder surface in two stages.

The working unit preferably comprises at least one, in particular two, rollers, in particular heavy-duty rollers, as a support. These are advantageously arranged in the working position of the working unit on a side of the working unit facing the roadway and preferably run on the roadway.

To record a stretch of the road shoulder that has already been covered, the hitch expediently includes a distance counter, the distance counter being able to be coupled in particular to a wheel running on the roadway or to one of the aforementioned rollers to record the distance covered and worked on.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the hitch includes one or more image acquisition units, in particular cameras. One or more of these image capturing units can be designed to monitor the verge and/or verge and/or the shoulder of the road and - based on the working direction of the working unit - at a front end and/or at a rear end of the working unit and/or on the trough, in particular above the outlet flap. With the help of this at least one image capturing unit, it can in particular be detected whether the hard shoulder and/or verge and/or the shoulder of the road needs to be cleaned beforehand or whether overgrowth or damaged material needs to be removed. Furthermore, the work result can be checked immediately and the mode of operation of the hitch can be corrected or adjusted if necessary. In particular, the lateral position of the working unit relative to the edge of the road can be checked with the aid of an alternative or additional image acquisition unit and, if necessary, corrected by lateral displacement of the working unit. To assist with reversing, an image acquisition unit, in particular a camera, can also be arranged at a rear end of the hitch in order to capture at least one rear area of the hitch, based on the working direction of the working unit. Furthermore, to check the filling level of the container of the working unit, an image acquisition unit can be arranged above the container on the attachment device, in particular on the trough.

In configurations, the control device is for controlling the height adjustment and/or displacement and/or movement devices and/or the at least one compaction device and/or the tilting device and/or the conveyor unit and/or the outlet flap and/or one or more of the cleaning units and /or designed and set up to display and/or evaluate images captured with the image capture unit(s) and/or to evaluate measured values captured by the filling level sensors and/or the testing device and/or the distance counter. The control device can also include several separate devices or components. The control device or parts of the control device are or are preferably arranged in the driver's cab of the truck and operated and/or controlled from there. Wired communication and connection of the control device to the hitch is just as possible as wireless communication and connection. For example, the outlet flap can be opened and closed from the driver's cab and/or the conveyor belt can be switched on and off. It is also possible to open and close the outlet flap controlled by a control loop in conjunction with a corresponding switching on and off of the conveyor belt based on measurement data from the fill level sensor on or in the container of the working unit. Recorded measured values and/or images can be displayed in the driver's cab by the control device and used by the driver to control the hitch. It is also possible to compare measured values (“actual values”) recorded in the control device with predetermined or specifiable “target values” and to automatically control or regulate the hitch to these target values. It is also possible not only to correct the position of the working unit relative to the edge of the road manually using a camera image, but also to regulate it automatically to a specified target value, for example by means of an image evaluation, which is used to determine the current actual value of the relative position, and/or by means of other suitable sensors to determine the relative position. The control device or parts of the control device can also be arranged on the hitch, in order to enable control of individual components of the hitch directly on the hitch, usually when the truck is stationary. For this purpose, a control box can be attached to the hitch, for example on a rear wall of the tub.

• Die an einem Lastkraftwagen angebaute Arbeitseinheit wird vor Beginn eines Arbeitseinsatzes aus der Ruheposition in die Arbeitsposition gebracht.

The method according to the invention for producing and/or repairing hard shoulders and/or shoulder strips and/or road shoulders using an attachment device of the type described above comprises the following steps:

• The work unit attached to a truck is brought from the rest position to the work position before the start of a work assignment.

This step can be preceded by the following step: lowering the hitch from a driving position to a lowered position. If the lifting and lowering device provided for this purpose comprises one or more, in particular two chains, via which the hitch is connected to a trough of the truck, then the hitch can be lowered by raising the trough until the hitch has reached the lowered position. In the lowered position, the working unit can then be brought from its rest position into the working position.

The working unit can be brought from the rest position into the working position in that the working unit is adjusted in the vertical direction by means of the height adjustment device and in the lateral direction by means of the displacement device. If necessary, the desired height of the road shoulder is additionally set in the working position by means of the height setting device, for example the height slider, and the desired inclination of the road shoulder is set by means of the tilting device. In other words: the working unit is first lowered towards the verge and/or verge and/or road shoulder. Then, if necessary, the height (specifically: the lowering) of the shoulder of the road in relation to the level of the roadway and the desired inclination of the shoulder of the road are adjusted.

Loose material from the lifted trough of the truck slides into the trough of the hitch and is conveyed from the trough into the container of the working unit.

In a further step, the pourable material is let out of the container via the at least one outlet opening of the container, so that it is applied to the side and/or edge strips and/or the road shoulder. The discharged pourable material is compacted by means of the at least one compaction device. If necessary, these steps (discharge of the pourable material and compaction) are carried out several times, in particular twice in a row, if the working unit has a corresponding number of outlet openings and compaction devices.

During work, the position of the work unit relative to the edge of the road is monitored. If there is a deviation, the position of the working cartridge is adjusted by shifting in the lateral direction by means of the shifting device. The monitoring can take place, for example, by means of a camera whose image is transmitted to the driver's cab.

At the end of the work assignment, the work unit is brought back from the work position to the rest position. This can in turn be done by adjusting the working unit in the vertical direction using the height adjustment device and in the lateral direction using the displacement device.

Finally, if necessary, the hitch can be raised with the working unit in the rest position from the lowered position to the driving position. If the lifting and lowering device already described is provided with one or more chains, in particular two chains, the hitch can be raised by lowering the trough until the hitch has reached the driving position.

According to a preferred embodiment, the shoulder of the road - in relation to the working direction of the working unit - is cleaned in front of the at least one outlet opening and thus before the discharge and compaction of the loose material, in particular with the front cleaning unit, for example by using a milling machine and/or a broom to remove damaged and /or old street banquet is removed and/or weeds are removed from the street banquet.

Alternatively or additionally - based on the working direction of the working unit - the road shoulder is cleaned on a side of the working unit facing away from the roadway, in particular with the lateral cleaning unit, for example the retractable and extendable clearing blade. This pushes dirt further away from the roadway. The lateral cleaning unit can be retracted and extended due to the movement device and can therefore be used if required. When in use, it can be retracted from the working position to the rest position or even to an intermediate position if obstacles such as control posts or traffic signs occur, for example.

Alternatively or additionally, the roadway can be cleaned, in particular swept away, in the rear area of the work unit and thus after the discharge and compaction of the loose material, in relation to the working direction of the work unit, in particular with the rear cleaning unit, for example a rotating broom. The cleaning or sweeping is preferably carried out in such a way that impurities, for example scattered loose material, are removed or swept laterally from the roadway.

During the process, the inclination of the working unit is checked in particular by means of a test device, in particular a spirit level, and/or the level of the pourable material within the trough and/or inside the container is recorded by means of at least one level sensor and/or a processed section is recorded by means of a distance counter and/or checks the hard shoulder and/or shoulder and/or the road shoulder by means of at least one image acquisition unit.

Alternatively or additionally, the attachment device, in particular the height adjustment device and/or the displacement device and/or the movement device and/or the at least one compaction device and/or the tilting device and/or the conveyor unit and/or the outlet flap and/or one or more cleaning units controlled by the control device and/or images recorded by the image recording unit or units and/or measured values recorded by the filling level sensors and/or the testing device and/or the distance counter can be transmitted to the control device for evaluation.

• 1 eine Anbauvorrichtung in einer perspektivischen Darstellung von oben,
• 2 die Anbauvorrichtung gemäß 1 in einer Draufsicht,
• 3 die Anbauvorrichtung gemäß 1 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung von unten.

The attachment device according to the invention and the method according to the invention are explained in more detail below, also with regard to further features and advantages, on the basis of the description of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. show it

• 1 a hitch in a perspective view from above,
• 2 the hitch according to 1 in a top view,
• 3 the hitch according to 1 in a perspective view from below.

1 shows a hitch 1 for attachment to a truck. Side and/or edge strips and/or road shoulders can be produced or repaired in an advantageous manner with the attachment device 1 . The hitch comprises a fastening unit 2 for fastening the hitch 1 to the rear of the truck.

The attachment device 1 also includes a trough 3 for receiving pourable material from the truck and a working unit 4.

The working unit 4 is by means of an adjustment device 5 between a rest position, in which the working unit 4 - is arranged at a distance behind the rear of the truck and from the roadway - based on a working direction A of the working unit 4 - and one in the present Figu ren shown working position, in which the working unit 4 at least partially protrudes laterally over the truck and is lowered to be produced and / or repaired hard shoulder and / or shoulder and / or road shoulder out adjustable. In the present case, the adjustment device 5 comprises a height adjustment device 5a for vertical adjustment, i.e. for lowering and raising, the working unit 4 and a displacement device 5b for displacing the working unit 4 in the lateral direction with an outer telescopic rod 5c and an inner telescopic rod 5d movably mounted therein.

The height adjustment device 5a is arranged with a first end on the trough 3, here on a support beam oriented in the working direction A on the underside of the trough 3, and with a second end on the displacement device 5b, here on the outer telescopic rod 5c. This can be a hydraulic cylinder. This hydraulic cylinder is expediently in the working position of the working unit 4 in the floating position, that is to say it is unlocked, the working unit 4 can adapt to height fluctuations if necessary.

The displacement device 5b is arranged between the trough 3 and the working unit 4 in that the outer telescopic rod 5c is fastened to an underside of the trough 3 and the inner telescopic rod 5d is fastened to the working unit 4 . The inner telescopic rod 5c can be displaced in the lateral direction L, for example by means of a hydraulic cylinder (not shown), typically in the order of magnitude of up to 1 m.

The working unit 4 can thus be moved between its rest position and its working position through the interaction of the height adjustment device 5a and the displacement device 5b. Furthermore, in the working position, the displacement device enables the working unit 4 to be displaced in the lateral direction, even during work, for example to adjust the position of the working unit 4 relative to the edge of the road. This adjustment typically takes place in the centimeter range, with larger adjustments being possible within the scope of the lateral shiftability of the working unit 4 by the shifting device 5b. For this purpose, the hitch 1 includes a control device, not shown, which can be arranged, for example, in the driver's cab of the truck to allow the driver to operate and thus adjust the position of the working unit 4 relative to the edge of the road even during work.

The working unit 4 comprises a container 6 for receiving pourable material, for example mineral concrete, from the trough 3, which in the present case has two filling shafts, each with an outlet opening 7a, 7b for discharging the pourable material. Furthermore, the working unit 4 in the present case comprises two compacting devices 8a, 8b. The compression device 8a is - in relation to the working direction A of the working unit 4 - behind the outlet opening 7a, the compacting device 8b - in relation to the working direction A of the working unit 4 - behind the outlet opening 7b. In the present case, a vibrating plate with a drive motor and springs for pressing down the vibrating plate are used as compacting devices 8a, 8b. In this case, a shaking force is advantageously determined and adjusted automatically via sensors.

In order to clean the road shoulder before processing, i.e. before the discharge and compaction of the loose material, for example to free it from vegetation or other dirt or to remove parts of the old road shoulder, the work unit 4 includes - based on the working direction A of the work unit 4 - front cleaning unit 9a. Here, the front cleaning unit 9a is a cutter, which is arranged at a front end portion of the container 6 and is covered by a top cover 10 .

Furthermore, the working unit 4 comprises a lateral cleaning unit 9b, which in the present case is designed as a clearing blade and is arranged laterally on the container 6. A front end of the blade 9b is fixed to the container 6, a rear end of the blade 9b is connected to the working unit 4 via a moving device 11 to move the rear end of the blade 9b in the lateral direction and in particular from the front cleaning unit 9a to clear removed material from the street shoulder. During normal driving or if no lateral cleaning is required, the lateral cleaning unit 9b is in contact with the container 6. In order to enable working operation, the lateral cleaning unit 9b can be moved between a rest position and a working position, in which the clearing blade 9b protrudes laterally beyond the container 6 with its rear end (in 2 shown dashed), adjustable.

In a rear area of the working unit 4, offset to the side of the roadway behind the container 6 and the rear compacting device 8b, there is also a rear cleaning unit 9c - in relation to the working direction A of the working unit 4 - for cleaning the roadway after the discharge and compaction of the loose material materials provided hen. The rear cleaning unit 9c is presently a rotating spiral broom, which can be driven by a drive wheel 12 resting on the roadway and with which any loose material that has fallen onto the roadway can be swept off the roadway.

To set a required height of the road shoulder in relation to the roadway level (e.g. the required lowering of the road shoulder compared to the roadway level), the working unit 4 includes a height setting device 13, in this case a height slide 13 that can be adjusted in the vertical direction. The height slide 13 is in a rear area on a vertical Side wall of the container 6 of the working unit 4 is arranged. The height slide 13 is L-shaped and can be manually slid in the vertical direction, so that a horizontal leg of the height slide 13 is adjusted to the required height (particularly lowering) in relation to the roadway level and thus a surface of the road shoulder is deducted. A height specification device controlled by a control loop would also be possible, for example a height slide with a hydraulically adjustable slide drive. In this case, the difference between the level of the roadway and the finished shoulder of the road could be measured continuously during the work assignment, and the measured actual value could be compared with a predetermined target value. If necessary, the control circuit then adjusts the height setting of the height setting device, for example via the aforementioned sliding drive.

In order to adjust the working unit 4 to a required incline of the road shoulder, the working unit 4 comprises a tilting device 14 which comprises, for example, a hydraulic cylinder. The tilting device 14 is fastened on the one hand to the displacement device 5b, in this case the inner telescopic rod 5d, and on the other hand to the working unit 4.

To check the inclination of the working unit 4 set by means of the tilting device 14, the working unit 4 includes a test device 15, for example a spirit level, which is arranged on the container 6 of the working unit 4, for example on a front side of the container 6 or - as shown - on a rear side of the container 6.

In order to be able to transfer pourable material from the trough 3 into the container 6 , the trough 3 comprises an outlet flap 16 which is arranged on a side wall of the trough 3 facing the container 6 . The outlet flap 16 is movable between an open position and a closed position. For this purpose, a locking device 17 is provided in the form of a pneumatically or hydraulically controlled cylinder.

In order to move pourable material within the trough 3 in the direction of the outlet flap 16, the attachment device 1 comprises a conveyor unit 18 with a conveyor belt 20 driven by a motor 19 and a chute 21. The conveyor unit 18 also comprises support rails 22, via which the conveyor belt 20 is arranged on an underside of the trough 3 or forms the underside of the trough 3 in the present case. The control of the outlet flap 16 and the conveyor belt 20 can be provided in such a way that the outlet flap 16 is or is automatically closed when the conveyor belt is switched off and is or is automatically opened when the conveyor belt 20 is switched on. Conversely, however, it can also be provided that the conveyor belt 20 is or is automatically switched on when the outlet flap 16 is open and is or is automatically switched off when the outlet flap 16 is closed.

The chute 21 is mounted on the support rails 22 such that it can be displaced in the direction of the arrow L in the lateral direction and can be rotated about an axis of rotation D on the support rails 22 . As a result, the chute 21 can be moved between a rest position and a working position, the chute 21 being in the rest position essentially under the tub 3 and in the in the 1 until 3 Working position shown is arranged obliquely between tub 3 and container 4, so that in the working position with the outlet flap 16 open, pourable material can be conveyed from the tub 3 into the container 4.

In order to detect a fill level of the pourable material within the trough 3, on the trough 3, for example as in 1 shown, a level sensor 23 may be arranged. Such a filling level sensor 23 is not absolutely necessary. If it is provided, a coupling with a lifting and lowering control of the body is appropriate. In this case, an automatic control circuit for raising and lowering the trough for a controlled filling of the trough 3 with pourable material could be implemented in order to relieve the driver of this activity.

Furthermore, a filling level sensor 24 is arranged in or on the container 6, for example on a rear side of the container 6 or—as shown—on a front side of the container 6 in order to detect a filling level of the pourable material inside the container 6. This can be an ultrasonic sensor, for example. If the fill level sensor 24 detects that the fill level of pourable material in the container 6 is too low, it can be switched on automatically, for example of the conveyor belt 20 and the opening of the outlet flap 16 are caused. If the filling level sensor 24 determines that a predetermined filling level has been reached or exceeded, the conveyor belt 20 can be switched off again and the outlet flap 16 can be closed, for example again automatically, ie controlled via a control loop. In order to control the fill level of the pourable material in the container 6 of the working unit 4 , an image acquisition unit 32 , specifically a camera, is also arranged above the container 6 on the trough 3 . This image acquisition unit 32 enables the filling level in the container 6 to be checked, for example by the driver in the driver's cab of the truck. If necessary, the after-conveyance of loose material can be triggered manually by opening the outlet flap 16 and switching on the conveyor belt 20.

In order to be able to move the hitch 1 in its working position in the working direction A, the working unit 4 has two rollers 25, here heavy-duty rollers, over which the working unit 4 rests on the roadway.

A distance counter 26 can be coupled to the drive wheel 12 or to one of the rollers 25 so that a distance covered and thus a length of a section of the road shoulder that has already been processed by the working unit 4 can be recorded. The distance covered can be read directly from the distance counter 26. However, it is also possible to transmit the distance traveled to the control device for display or evaluation.

For further monitoring of the shoulder of the road, the attachment device 1 comprises a front image capturing unit 27, more precisely a camera, which is arranged at a front end of the working unit 4, and a rear image capturing unit 28, also a camera, which is arranged at a rear end of the working unit 4, shown in FIG Example on a rear wall of the container 6 is arranged. A rearward image acquisition unit 29 is also arranged on a rear end of the hitch 1, in this case on the trough 3, to provide support when reversing.

The attachment device 1 is attached or can be attached to the truck via the attachment unit 2 . On the one hand, the attachment unit comprises two chains (not shown) via which the hitch 1 is connected to the truck in the mounted state. On the one hand, these chains are attached to the trough (also: tipper) of the truck and, on the other hand, via two chain eyes 33 to the trough 3 of the hitch 1. On the other hand, the fastening unit 2 includes a bracket 30, via which the hitch 1 can be raised and lowered on the truck is attachable or attached. For this purpose, the holder 30 comprises a mast 30a, which is arranged pivotably between a carrier rail 31 arranged below the trough 3 and holders on the truck. If necessary, the mast 30a also includes several elements, for example in 3 two elements arranged vertically one above the other. For fixing to the brackets on the truck, the mast 30a has a locking cylinder 30c with locking bolts 30b. To attach and detach the hitch 1, the locking bolts 30b are released; in the attached state, the locking bolts 30b are pushed into the brackets of the truck in such a way that it is not possible to remove the hitch 1 from the truck.

When attached, this fastening device 2, with its pivotable attachment to the carrier rail 31 and truck, enables lowering and raising, i.e. adjustment in the vertical direction, of the hitch 1 attached to the truck between a raised driving position and a lowered position. The aforementioned chains between the trough and the hitch 1 form the lifting and lowering device required for this, since they are connected to the trough in such a way that the raising and lowering of the hitch 1 between the driving position and the lowered position takes place by lowering or raising the trough and via the chain is mediated. Specifically, the hitch 1 is lowered when the trough is raised and raised when the trough is lowered. At the same time, the chains can serve to secure the mounting of the hitch 1 on the truck, particularly in the driving position.

The control device already mentioned is also used to control the adjustment device 5 with height adjustment device 5a and displacement device 5b, the movement device 11, the closing device 17, the compaction devices 8a, 8b, the tilting device 14, the conveyor unit 18, the outlet flap 16 and one or more cleaning units 9a, 9b, 9c and optionally other components of the hitch 1. The control device can also consist of several separate devices and/or components. The control device or parts of the control device can be arranged in the driver's cab, for example, and can be operated from there. The control device can also be designed to display and/or evaluate the images captured by image capture units 27, 28, 29 and to display and/or evaluate measured values captured by level sensors 23, 24, test device 15 and distance counter 26. About the The control device can also be controlled automatically, for example the automatic replenishment of pourable material into the container 6 of the working unit 4.

The control device or parts of the control device can also be arranged on the hitch 1 in order to also enable individual components of the hitch 1 to be controlled directly on the hitch 1 . For this purpose, as shown in the figures, a switch box 34 can be attached to the hitch 1 , specifically to a rear wall of the tub 3 .

• Ist der Lastkraftwagen am Einsatzort angekommen, wird dessen Mulde gekippt und dadurch die Anbauvorrichtung mittels der Ketten von der Fahrposition in die Absenkposition überführt. Vor Beginn des eigentlichen Arbeitseinsatzes wird die Arbeitseinheit 4 aus ihrer Ruheposition in die Arbeitsposition gebracht, und zwar mittels der Verstelleinrichtung 5, die aus der Fahrerkabine oder auch von dem Steuerkasten 34 an der Anbauvorrichtung 1 aus bedienbar ist. Konkret wird die Arbeitseinheit 4 hierbei mittels der Höheneinstelleinrichtung 5a in vertikaler Richtung abgesenkt und mittels der Verschiebeeinrichtung in lateraler Richtung seitlich über den Lastkraftwagen hinaus geschoben, bis die erforderliche Position erreicht ist.

The hitch 1 according to 1 until 3 can be used to craft a Street Shoulder as follows:

• Once the truck has arrived at the place of use, its trough is tilted and the hitch is thereby transferred from the driving position to the lowering position by means of the chains. Before the start of the actual work, the work unit 4 is brought from its rest position into the work position by means of the adjusting device 5, which can be operated from the driver's cab or from the control box 34 on the hitch 1. Specifically, the working unit 4 is lowered in the vertical direction by means of the height adjustment device 5a and is pushed laterally over the truck by means of the displacement device in the lateral direction until the required position is reached.

The desired height (lowering) of the road shoulder in relation to the level of the roadway is set with the height setting device 13, for example an adjustable height slide 13.

To set the required lateral inclination, the working unit 4 is also tilted with the tilting device 14, which can also be operated from the driver's cab or from the control box 34 on the hitch 1, so that the working unit 4 has the desired inclination. The inclination of the working unit 4 is checked with the testing device 15, for example a spirit level.

The pourable material transported by the truck slides out of the raised trough or as a result of the further raising of the trough into the trough 3 of the hitch 1. The truck starts moving in the direction of travel F or in the working direction A. The front cleaning unit 9a cleans the shoulder of the road and removes any remains of a damaged shoulder of the road. The lateral cleaning unit 9b, a clearing blade, can be moved into the working position, so that the removed remnants of the road shoulder or removed overgrowth and other impurities are pushed further outwards into the edge area.

The pourable material is conveyed from the trough 3 into the container 6 of the working unit 4 by means of the conveying unit 18 comprising a conveyor belt 20 and a chute 21 . A part of the loose material falls through the outlet opening 7a onto the ground. This pourable material is compacted with the first compaction device 8a, so that a first layer of the road shoulder is already produced. Furthermore, another part of the pourable material falls through the outlet opening 7b onto the already finished first layer of the road shoulder and is then compacted with the second compacting device 8b in order to compensate for the difference to the set height. The optimal vibrating force of the vibrating plates of the compaction devices 8a, 8b is automatically determined and adjusted via sensors. With the height slider 13 is deducted to the desired height of the road shoulder.

The required amount of pourable material is automatically or manually re-fed from the trough and / or the tub 3 depending on consumption. For this purpose, if provided, the fill levels of the pourable material within the trough 3 and/or within the container 6 can be detected with the fill level sensors 23 , 24 . The filling level in the container 6 can be checked further by means of the image acquisition unit 32 .

The rear cleaning unit 9c, a spiral brush, then cleans the road from dirt, for example scattered loose material. During the work assignment, the route counter 26 is used to record a route covered.

The work process and the work result can always be checked with the image acquisition units 27, 28. In order to ensure a seamless connection of the new road shoulder to the roadway, the position of the working unit relative to the edge of the roadway is monitored via the image acquisition units 27, 28. If there is a deviation, the position is adjusted by shifting the working unit 4 in the lateral direction by means of the shifting device 5b. This can be done by the driver.

It is also possible to provide one or more sensors that monitor the connection of the new road shoulder to the roadway. A control loop can ensure that if the sensor or sensors detect a deviation, the work unit 4 is automatically in late ral direction and thus the deviation is corrected.

During the work assignment, it can be provided that the inclination of the working unit 4 is checked using the test device 15 and/or the fill level of the pourable material within the trough 3 and/or within the container 6 is recorded using the level sensors 23, 24 and/or using a distance counter 26 detects a processed stretch and/or checks the hard shoulder and/or hard shoulder and/or the road shoulder by means of at least one image acquisition unit 27, 28. It can further be provided that the attachment device 1, in particular the height adjustment device 5a and/or the displacement device 5b and/or the movement device 11 and/or the at least one compaction device 8a, 8b and/or the tipping device 14 and/or the conveyor unit 18 with the Conveyor belt 20 and/or the outlet flap 16 and/or one or more of the cleaning units 9a, 9b, 9c controlled by the control device and/or images captured by the image capturing unit(s) 27, 28, 29, 32 and/or by the level sensors 23, 24 and/or possibly measured values recorded by the test device 15 and/or possibly by the distance counter 26 are transmitted to the control device for evaluation. However, it is also possible to use the measured values mentioned for direct control. For example, the filling level sensor 24 can switch the conveyor belt 20 on or off directly and open or close the outlet flap 16 when it detects that a lower or upper limit value has been reached or fallen below or exceeded.

After the end of the work assignment, the work unit 4 is brought from its working position to the rest position, again by means of the adjustment device 5. Specifically, the work unit 4 is raised in the vertical direction by means of the height adjustment device 5a and pushed in the lateral direction behind the truck by means of the displacement device. Furthermore, a set inclination of the working unit 4 can be reversed by means of the tilting device 14 . Finally, the trough of the truck is lowered and thereby the hitch 1 is transferred from the lowered position to the driving position by means of the chains. The truck can now drive to the next place of use or back to the material depot without the hitch 1 having to be removed.

Reference List

1

attachment device

2

fastening unit

3

tub

4

unit of work

5

adjusting device

5a

height adjustment device

5b

shifting device

5c

outer telescopic rod

5d

inner telescopic rod

6

container

7a, 7b

exhaust port

8a, 8b

compactor

9a

front cleaning unit, e.g. milling machine

9b

lateral cleaning unit, e.g. plow blade

9c

rear cleaning unit, e.g. spiral brush

10

cover

11

moving device

12

drive wheel

13

Height setting device, for example height slider

14

tilting device

15

Testing device, such as a spirit level

16

exhaust flap

17

locking device

18

conveyor unit

19

engine

20

conveyor belt

21

slide

22

carrier rail

23

level sensor

24

level sensor

25

roller

26

odometer

27

front imaging unit

28

rear imaging unit

29

Rear image capture unit, for example reversing camera

30

bracket

30a

mast

30b

locking bolt

30c

lock cylinder

31

carrier rail

32

Image acquisition unit for level control

33

chain eyelets

34

control box

A

working direction

f

driving direction

L

lateral direction

D

axis of rotation

Claims (14)

Attachment device (1) for a truck for producing and/or repairing hard shoulders and/or verges and/or shoulders of a roadway, comprising a) a fastening unit (2) for fastening the hitch (1) to the rear of the truck, b) a trough (3) for receiving pourable material from the truck, c) a working unit (4), c1) the working unit (4), with the hitch attached, being moved by means of at least one adjusting device (5) between a rest position in which the working unit (4) - in relation to a working direction (A) of the working unit (4) - behind the rear of the truck and from is arranged at a distance from the roadway, and a working position in which the working unit (4) protrudes at least partially laterally over the truck and is lowered towards the hard shoulder and/or hard shoulder and/or road shoulder to be produced and/or repaired, is adjustable, c2) wherein the adjusting device (5) comprises at least one height adjustment device (5a) for vertically adjusting the working unit (4) and at least one displacement device (5b) for displacing the working unit (4) in the lateral direction, c3) wherein the working unit (4) comprises a container (6) for receiving pourable material from the trough (3), which has at least one outlet opening (7a, 7b) for letting out the pourable material, and c4) wherein the working unit (4) comprises at least one compression device (8a, 8b) which - in relation to the working direction (A) of the working unit (4) - is arranged behind the at least one outlet opening (7a, 7b), and d) a control device which is designed and set up to move the working unit in the working position and during use by means of the displacement device (5b) in the lateral direction in order to adjust its position relative to the edge of the road. Mounting device (1) according to claim 1 wherein a lifting and lowering device is provided for lowering and raising the hitch mounted on the truck (1) between a raised driving position and a lowered position of the hitch (1). Mounting device (1) according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the working unit (4) comprises a front cleaning unit (9a) - in relation to the working direction (A) of the working unit (4) - for cleaning the side and/or edge strip and/or the road shoulder before the discharge and compaction of the loose material which is arranged in a front area of the working unit (4) in front of the at least one outlet opening (7a, 7b), and/or wherein the working unit (4) has a lateral cleaning unit - in relation to the working direction (A) of the working unit (4). (9b) for cleaning the verge and/or verge and/or the shoulder of the road, which is arranged in a lateral area of the working unit (4) pointing away from the roadway, and/or wherein the working unit (4) has a - based on the working direction (A) of the working unit (4) - rear cleaning unit (9c) for cleaning the roadway after discharge and compaction of the loose material, located in a rear area of the working unit unit (4) is arranged. Attachment device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the working unit (4) has a height setting device (13), in particular an adjustable height slide, for setting a required height of the verge and/or verge and/or road shoulder in relation to the roadway level and/or a tilting device (14) for adjusting the working unit (4) to a required inclination of the verge and/or verge and/or road shoulder. Mounting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a test device (15) for checking the inclination of the working unit (4), the testing device (15) being arranged on the working unit (4). Mounting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the trough (3) has an outlet flap (16) which can be moved between an open position and a closed position by means of a closing device (17) for letting out the pourable material from the trough (3) into the container (6 ) and/or a conveying unit (18) for conveying the pourable material from the trough (3) into the container (6). Mounting device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one in or on the tub (3) and / or in or on the Container (6) arranged level sensor (23, 24) for detecting a level of the pourable material within the trough (3) or within the container (6). Attachment device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the working unit (4), in particular the container (6), two separate filling shafts, each having an outlet opening (7a, 7b) for letting out the pourable material, and at least two compacting devices ( 8a, 8b) which - in relation to the working direction of the working unit (4) - are each arranged behind the outlet openings (7a, 7b). Attachment device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more image acquisition units (27, 28, 29, 32), in particular cameras, for checking the verge and/or shoulder and/or the shoulder of the road and/or for support when reversing and/or designed to check the filling level of the container (6) and - in relation to the working direction (A) of the working unit (4) - at a front end and/or at a rear end of the working unit (4), and/or at the Pan (3) and / or at a rear end of the hitch (1) are arranged. Attachment device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control device for controlling the height adjustment device (5a) and/or displacement device (5b) and/or the movement device (11) and/or the at least one compacting device (8a, 8b) and/or the tilting device (14) and/or the conveyor unit (18) and/or the outlet flap (16) and/or the cleaning units (9a, 9b, 9c) and/or for displaying and/or evaluating with the image acquisition unit(s) (27 , 28, 29) captured images and/or for evaluating measured values captured by the level sensors (23, 24) and/or the testing device (15) and/or the distance counter (26). Truck with an attached hitch (1) according to one of the preceding claims. Method for producing and/or repairing and/or maintaining side and/or shoulder strips and/or road shoulders by means of an attachment device (1) according to one of Claims 1 until 10 , comprising the following steps: - the working unit (4) attached to a truck is brought from the rest position to the working position before the start of a work assignment, - pourable material from a raised trough of the truck slides into the trough (3) of the attachment device (1) and is conveyed from the trough (3) into the container (6) of the working unit (4), - the pourable material is discharged from the container (6) via the at least one outlet opening (7a, 7b) of the container (6), - by means of the at least one compacting device (8a, 8b) the discharged loose material is compacted, - the position of the working unit (4) relative to the edge of the road is monitored during operation, with the position of the working unit (4) being 5b) is adjusted in the lateral direction - at the end of the work assignment, the work unit (4) from the working position to the rest position brought into position. procedure after claim 12 , whereby the shoulder and/or edge strip and/or the shoulder of the road - in relation to the working direction of the working unit - is cleaned in front of the at least one outlet opening and thus before the discharge and compaction of the loose material and/or on a side of the working unit facing away from the roadway and/or the roadway - in relation to the working direction of the working unit - is cleaned in the rear area of the working unit and thus after the discharge and compaction of the loose material. Procedure according to one of Claims 12 or 13 , wherein the inclination of the working unit (4) is checked by means of a test device (15) and/or the level of the pourable material inside the trough (3) and/or inside the container (6) is recorded by means of a level sensor (23, 24) and/or or a processed route is recorded by means of a distance counter (26) and/or the hard shoulder and/or hard shoulder and/or the road shoulder is checked by means of at least one image recording unit (27, 28), and/or wherein the attachment device (1), in particular the Height adjustment device (5a) and/or the displacement device (5b) and/or the movement device (11) and/or the at least one compaction device (8a, 8b) and/or the tilting device (14) and/or the conveyor unit (18) and/or or the outlet flap (16) and/or one or more cleaning units (9a, 9b, 9c) controlled by the control device and/or images captured by the image capture unit(s) (27, 28, 29, 32) and/or the levels Sensors (23, 24) and / or the test device (15) and / or the distance counter (26) recorded measurement values are transmitted to the control device for evaluation.

Images