DE102020116375A1 - Hygiene unit and procedures for its operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hygiene unit (100) with at least one hygiene tower (50) with which, in the simplest case, air parameters relating to hygiene are measured and, if the values are too low, at least one alarm is given or access blocks (9) to the monitored room are given (R) to be closed. In further expansion stages, the room (R) can be automatically ventilated, the air heated or cooled, or the germ-contaminated room air (RL) disinfected, etc.

Description

I. Field of application

The invention relates to the monitoring of the room air in a room to be monitored primarily with regard to hygienic parameters, in particular the germ load and the implementation of subsequent measures derived therefrom.

II. Technical background

Various contagious diseases are not only transmitted through body contact or droplet infection, but also by means of the germs, mostly viruses, contained in the aerosols that an infected person gives off.

Since the dilution of such an aerosol takes place very quickly outdoors, but in closed rooms the bacterial load can steadily increase due to an infected person there and thus the risk of infection for other people in this room increases drastically, it is very useful to reduce the bacterial load in to monitor such rooms and if a certain limit value is exceeded - which will be different depending on the monitored air parameters - to prevent the further increase of this value by countermeasures or to achieve a decrease, be it by filtering the room air or diluting the germ load by means of ventilation Outside air or other measures.

In addition, it makes perfect sense to take further precautionary measures, such as the presence of a mouth and nose mask for the people who are in the room, maintaining a maximum occupancy in such a room in order to be able to realistically maintain the safety distances that reduce infection, as well an entry control of the people who want to enter the room, to ensure that their body temperature is not increased.

These measures are generally known individually, and are also partially practiced individually and alternately, with the measurement of the bacterial load being the most seldom carried out measure, as this has so far only been possible with complex devices, can hardly be retrofitted in existing buildings and therefore only in laboratories and is sometimes even provided for in medical facilities.

Above all, a simple implementation of several of these measures at the same time has so far not been practiced due to the lack of easily manageable and affordable devices.

III. Presentation of the invention

a) Technical task

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a hygiene unit with a mobile hygiene tower with which the measures described above can be carried out in a simple manner, as well as a method for operating such a hygiene unit.

b) Solution of the task

This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 37. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

With regard to the hygiene unit, this object is achieved in that it comprises at least one air quality sensor with which one or more air parameters relevant to the hygiene of the room air can be measured.

• - Kohlendioxid-(CO2-)Gehalt,

und/oder

• - Volatile organic compound- (VOC-)Gehalt

The air parameter to be monitored is preferably the

• - carbon dioxide (CO2) content,

and or

• - Volatile organic compound (VOC) content

In addition, the hygiene unit comprises at least one, in particular mobile, hygiene tower which has a monitor on which, among other things, the measured values of the air parameters can be displayed.

The hygiene tower is so named that the monitor should be at about eye level of a standing person or not too far below it and when the hygiene tower is set up on the ground, this results in a tower-like shape of this hygiene tower. However, it should be made clear that within the scope of the present invention, the hygiene tower does not necessarily have to have its largest dimension in the vertical, but can also be, for example, cube-shaped or can have the shape of a flat cube, for example if the so-called hygiene tower should not be placed on the ground but on a base like a piece of furniture.

“Mobile” in this context means that the hygiene tower can be moved on castors or is portable and does not require any connections or at most a power connection to the periphery, only a water connection for higher expansion stages.

If one of the measured air parameters reaches or exceeds a predetermined limit value, either a warning signal is emitted, preferably from the hygiene tower, be it via the monitor or a loudspeaker or another optical signal and / or in the presence of a controllable access lock in the monitored one This access block can be closed by the control of the hygiene unit, in particular the hygiene tower.

The at least one air quality sensor can be located on the hygiene tower, but is preferably - in particular additionally - far away from it in the room to be monitored, and preferably not on the ceiling but at head height or lower, since germs are down when the air is still sink.

This makes sense because a hygiene tower is often not located in the middle of the room to be monitored, but for example at the entrance to the room, in order to carry out an automatic entrance control and, as described, automatic access restriction at the same time.

In this context, the hygiene tower also includes a dispenser for disinfectants, preferably with a contactless trigger sensor, with which people who pass the hygiene tower and / who want to enter the room to be monitored past it should disinfect their hands.

This is preferably monitored by means of the controller and, if the dispenser is not operated, an alarm signal is output and / or the access block to the room is blocked for this person.

• Wenn beim Annähern einer Person auf dem Monitor zunächst das Hände-Desinfizieren - symbolisch oder durch eine Videosequenz - dargestellt wird, versteht die Person, dass sie zuerst am Spender darunter die Hände desinfizieren soll.

An important function of the monitor is to use it for user guidance:

• When hand disinfection is shown on the monitor when a person approaches - symbolically or through a video sequence - the person understands that they should first disinfect their hands at the dispenser underneath.

Only when this has been done will an input field appear on the touch-sensitive screen and / or - if available at all - a keyboard - for example, to open a cell phone charging station or a sterilization box described later using a combination of numbers - enabled.

The hygiene tower can also have a sterilization box in which smaller objects can be inserted and sterilized therein, which cannot be disinfected or can only be disinfected poorly with a disinfectant of a liquid type, such as cell phones. For this purpose, the sterilization box preferably has a radiation source for germicidal electromagnetic radiation, such as UV radiation.

This prevents a passer-by, despite freshly disinfected hands, from wetting his hands with germs through contact with his own cell phone, for example, and transferring these to objects in the room to be monitored.

The hygiene unit, in particular the hygiene tower, preferably has a controller that is data-technically coupled to all existing sensors, preferably wirelessly, and is able to evaluate this data and trigger the warning signals described and / or trigger a mechanical lock / or to carry out an acoustic output of a warning signal and further statistical evaluations, as described later.

The controller is, in particular, a control computer and is equipped with one of the operating system software commonly used in office computers or smartphones, such as Windows for office computers or Android for smartphones. This means that all programs or apps running under it can also run in this control, for example an epidemic warning app, in particular a coronavirus warning app.

The control could then show on the monitor when the last time an infected person was at the hygiene tower according to the coronavirus warning app and / or was present in the monitored room behind it.

The controller, in particular the control computer, preferably has a SIM card connection and can therefore be connected to the Internet after a SIM card has been inserted even without a WLAN at the location.

This control can also have a data connection with a higher-level control center to which either the several hygiene towers of a hygiene unit are connected or several hygiene units - for example one floor - with for example several hygiene towers are connected. For this purpose in particular, the hygiene tower, in particular its control, has a transmitting / receiving unit for connection on the one hand to the sensors and on the other hand to elements controlled by the control, such as a controllable access lock.

In this way, either a room with several hygiene towers, especially those positioned at the entrances, can be monitored and in particular personnel to control the access can be saved, or several rooms, e.g. distributed in a building, can be monitored jointly by means of a higher-level control center .

The monitor can not only display warning notices or the measured air parameters, but it can also display information that is of interest to a visitor to the space behind it to be monitored, be it advertising in the case of sales rooms, rules of conduct in the case of medical facilities behind or other service companies.

In order to ensure the function of the hygiene unit even in the event of a power failure, it, in particular each individual hygiene tower, has its own power supply, in particular by means of a battery in the hygiene tower, which can preferably be recharged using solar cells and not just on the power grid can be charged.

This is an essential advantage for the mobile use of such a hygiene tower, which can even be set up independently of the connection to a power grid, especially since the sensors and controls have a relatively low power requirement.

It should also be ensured that the disinfectant dispenser is always ready for use and filled.

For this purpose, the dispenser has either a fill level sensor that is connected to the controller for data purposes, or instead a counter for the portions of disinfectant removed from the dispenser, so that the controller issues a warning signal for refilling or replacing the dispenser after a certain number of portions Dispenses container for disinfectant, the filling volume, also in number of portions, is known. In this way it can be avoided that people pass the hygiene tower and / or enter the room without disinfecting their hands.

The hygiene tower can also include a loudspeaker via which on the one hand music can simply be played, but which can also be used to output acoustic warning signals so that they can also be perceived by people who do not look directly at the monitor.

The hygiene tower can also include a person counter for people who have either activated the dispenser on the hygiene tower and / or pass the hygiene tower at a certain maximum distance, in particular pass through a barrier activated in front of the hygiene tower.

This means that the maximum number of people in the room can be kept by closing the lock when a maximum number of people is exceeded, which can be calculated and set by the control itself if the room size in square meters or cubic meters is entered beforehand.

The monitor can also be designed to display an entry ban in the room behind the hygiene tower or the barrier controlled by it. This can be done if the indoor air quality is determined to be too poor or if the maximum number of people has been reached or if the person's body temperature is determined to be elevated or a passer-by is missing a mouth and nose mask.

Such a controllable mechanical lock or locking means can, as is known, be a lockable turnstile or a barrier. Non-physical blocking means such as a light barrier are also possible, which can be passed despite the prohibition, but can then emit a specific alarm signal for the staff in the room.

• Zum einen, ob die den Hygiene-Turm passierende Person und/oder die die Sperre durchschreitende Person eine Mund-Nasen-Maske trägt oder ob die Person den Spender nicht nur aktiviert, sondern sich mit dem Desinfektionsmittel auch tatsächlich desinfiziert hat.

Furthermore, the hygiene tower or apart from it and thus connected wirelessly for signaling purposes can comprise at least one camera in order to check various things:

• On the one hand, whether the person passing the hygiene tower and / or the person walking through the barrier is wearing a face mask or whether the person has not only activated the dispenser but has actually disinfected himself with the disinfectant.

• - Vor allem außerhalb der Betriebszeiten des überwachten, hinter dem Hygiene-Turm liegenden Raumes kann die Kamera auch für die Einbruchs-Überwachung und/oder Diebstahl-Überwachung und/oder Brandüberwachung dienen. So kann die Hygiene-Einheit einen Rauch-Melder umfassen, der bei auftretendem Rauch unter anderem ein Signal-Licht aufleuchten lässt. Dann ist insbesondere die Kamera zu dem Rauchmelder so angeordnet, dass das Signal-Licht im Blickfeld der Kamera liegt und diese das angehende Signal-Licht detektieren kann und über die Steuerung ein Warnsignal ausgegeben werden kann.

Thus, if a missing mouth-nose protection is detected, a warning signal can be given and / or the existing barrier can be closed for this person.

• - Above all outside the operating hours of the monitored room located behind the hygiene tower, the camera can also be used for burglary monitoring and / or theft monitoring and / or fire monitoring. For example, the hygiene unit can include a smoke detector which, among other things, lights up a signal light when smoke occurs. Then, in particular, the camera is arranged in relation to the smoke detector in such a way that the signal light is in the field of view of the camera and the camera can detect the incoming signal light and a warning signal can be output via the controller.

The hygiene tower can furthermore - also apart from the hygiene tower - comprise a temperature sensor that functions at a distance, for example a pyrometer and / or a thermal imaging camera, with which the surface temperature of a passing person can be measured, for example in Head area, especially when using the disinfectant dispenser.

If the surface temperature is too high, the control can conclude that this person is ill and refuse access by blocking the locking device and / or issuing a warning.

If a temperature sensor is also available, which determines the environment of the air immediately around the temperature sensor and thus the person to be measured, the control can put the measured surface temperature of the person into perspective with regard to the measured air temperature there. Temperature, since of course with an air temperature close to or above the usual body temperature, the surface temperature of the person will also be increased.

In this way, by means of the determined body temperature of the persons, their entry can be denied at an elevated temperature.

The hygiene unit, in particular the hygiene tower, can also include a ticket generator that generates an access ticket for the room to be monitored in paper form or digitally.

• - die Luftqualität im überwachten Raum zum Zeitpunkt der Erstellung des Tickets und/oder
• - den Zeitpunkt der Erstellung des Tickets und / oder
• - die Oberflächen-Temperatur der Person, für die das Ticket erstellt und an die es ausgegeben wurde und/oder
• - die Tatsache, dass diese Person bei Erstellung des Tickets mittels Überwachung durch die Kamera eine Mund-Nasen-Maske festgestellt wurde und/oder
• - die Person den Spender für Desinfektionsmittel aktiviert und insbesondere auch benutzt hat und/oder
• - ggfs. die von der Person selbst vorher an einer Eingabe-Einheit eingegebenen Identifikationsdaten, beispielsweise eine Handy-Nr. oder einen Namen.

This ticket preferably includes

• - the air quality in the monitored room at the time the ticket was created and / or
• - the time the ticket was created and / or
• - the surface temperature of the person for whom the ticket was created and to whom it was issued and / or
• - the fact that this person was found to have a mouth and nose mask when the ticket was created by means of surveillance by the camera and / or
• - the person activated and in particular also used the disinfectant dispenser and / or
• - If necessary, the identification data previously entered by the person himself on an input unit, for example a cell phone number. or a name.

For larger rooms, especially event rooms, this ticket can be used to allow or forbid access to other rooms connected to it - even after entering the first room, if no ticket with the necessary information can be presented.

Furthermore, a ticket reader can be present at the room exit of the room, which reads the identification data of the person or at least the identification data of the ticket and thus determines and stores how long the holder of the ticket has been in the room, specifically from which to at which time.

This can be used for the subsequent creation of possible chains of infection if it is subsequently established that an infected person entered the room at a certain point in time and remained in the room up to a certain point in time.

In order to simplify the reading of the information on a paper ticket, it can have a wireless ticket sending unit, in particular in the form of an RFID tag, in which case such a ticket should preferably be reused and not be made of paper, but possibly of plastic will.

In order not only to measure the air quality in the monitored room, but also to improve it if necessary, a controllable opener can be provided on the door or one or more windows of the room, which can be controlled from the hygiene unit controller, in particular wirelessly .

If the air quality is determined to be too poor, the control of the hygiene unit can then initiate the opening of one or more windows or a door in order to dilute the room air with ambient air and thus reduce its bacterial load.

In addition, the opening times of the windows and doors can be recorded and saved, and especially at the end of the operating hours of the room, the windows and doors can be closed automatically.

The hygiene tower can also have an air line that is connected to the outside air, i.e. the air in the free environment outside the monitored space, and an air transport device, for example a fan, to air through this air line to transport.

This makes it possible, especially when the germ load of the room air has been reached or exceeded, to suck it in and blow it out of the room into the environment via the air line and / or, conversely, to suck in outside air and push it into the monitored room.

This allows the air conditions in the room to be changed in a targeted manner, regardless of whether existing windows or doors are opened and closed.

The air intake opening is preferably in the lower area of the hygiene tower, in particular at a height of a maximum of 1 m, better a maximum of 50 cm, better a maximum of 30 cm above the floor, since germs sink towards the floor when the air is still.

For this reason, the hygiene unit can also include a self-propelled robot vacuum cleaner that sucks up dust from the floor outside of operating hours and prevents germs adhering to it from being whirled up again.

Furthermore, the air discharge opening is preferably arranged in the upper area, in particular in the upper third of the hygiene tower, preferably at a height of at least 1 , 30m, better at least 1 , 50m, in order to build up a defined stratification in the room with regard to the germ load with clean air above and especially at head height and the more germ-contaminated air below.

Since the room temperature can drop in winter and / or rise in summer when the temperature is very high, the hygiene tower preferably contains a heating and / or cooling device in order to be able to control the temperature of the air to be released into the room as desired.

In particular, there is also a heat exchanger via which, if required, in winter the room air sucked out of the room and leaving the room gives off its heat at least partially to the cold outside air sucked in at the same time, and vice versa in summer.

Any necessary heating of the popular outside air before it is released into the room can be carried out using an electric heater in the hygiene tower.

Of course, room air can also be recirculated through the hygiene tower, be it to reduce the germ load by guiding it over the germ filter - especially if the room is not directly adjacent to the free environment, but is a windowless room - and / or the Air can be heated or cooled in the process, which is why a switch is optionally available to guide the transported air in the hygiene tower over the germ filter or to guide it past it.

The outside air or recirculated room air can also be heated or even cooled by means of a heat transfer medium such as water supplied to the hygiene tower externally, for example via a cold pipe and a warm pipe. For this it is necessary to lay lines at the location of the hygiene tower, but the effort for such lines with a small cross section is smaller or only possible at all compared to the installation of air lines with a large cross section, as is usually the case with conventional air conditioning systems are necessary.

This heat transfer medium can - then usually outside the building - be heated or cooled using known measures, be it using a conventional refrigeration machine with compressor and evaporator, a heat pump or other modules.

The hygiene tower can also include an odor filter, in particular an activated charcoal filter - be it connected in series or in parallel with the germ filter - to allow air to flow optionally through this odor filter.

In this way, especially in rooms without a connection to the outside world, i.e. windowless rooms, the quickly occurring odor pollution can be reduced.

• - umfasst die Steuerung vorzugsweise auch eine Eingabe-Einheit, über die solche Eingangs-Parameter vorgeben kann. Dies kann eine übliche Computer-Tastatur sein oder - aus hygienischen Gründen - eine auf dem Touch-Display angezeigte virtuelle Tastatur oder auch ausschließlich eine Spracheingabe oder berührungslose Gesten-Eingabe.

Because the controller often needs input parameters to perform its tasks - such as the floor space or volume of the room to be monitored

• the control preferably also includes an input unit via which such input parameters can be specified. This can be a conventional computer keyboard or - for hygienic reasons - a virtual keyboard displayed on the touch display or also exclusively a voice input or contactless gesture input.

In order to keep the surface of a touch display clean and in particular germ-free, the display can have a surface coating made of a self-disinfecting material, for example a material containing silver.

Alternatively or additionally, an automatic cleaning device can be provided which automatically and regularly cleans the surface of the display, be it by means of a liquid or gaseous disinfectant or by means of radiation that kills germs, for example with UV light.

If the quality of the air in the room, and in particular the germ load, is improved not only by means of targeted ventilation, but also by filtering the air in the room through a germ filter, the germ load in the filter must be monitored in order to replace it in good time before it becomes inoperative.

For this purpose, the germ filter is equipped with a filter control device that monitors the germ load and emits a signal to replace the filter when the load is at its maximum.

(Temperature monitoring of the filter)

The hygiene tower can also have a particle counter and / or a temperature sensor for the room air transported through the hygiene tower, i.e. on the duct for the room air in the hygiene tower, and / or a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the filter exhibit.

If the number of particles is above a specified limit value or the measured temperature is above a specified limit value, in particular in combination with a temperature of the room air that is higher than a fire limit value, the control, which is designed accordingly, can be used to identify the presence of smoke and / or fire in the room are closed and a fire alarm is issued, in particular wirelessly and / or directly to a security company or the fire department.

From the temperature of the filter during the filter operation, the control can determine how long the necessary waiting time is after the end of the filter operation, until all germs in the filter have died and the filter can be changed safely, because the survival time of the viruses is even more lower, the higher the temperature level to which they were exposed and the longer it lasted.

Even if the filter is disinfected, for example by heating it to a sterile temperature - which is only possible with filter materials with a correspondingly high flash point - this sterile temperature can be monitored by means of the temperature sensor.

The filter in the hygiene tower can also be disinfected in other ways, be it by irradiation with germ-killing radiation such as UV light or flooding the filter with a germ-killing gas such as ozone.

The disinfection of the filter or other parts of the hygiene tower, in particular the display, or the objects placed in the sterilization box can be intensified or carried out at shorter time intervals, the lower the monitored, determined temperature, either of the part to be disinfected or the Indoor air is.

Furthermore, the hygiene tower can include a cell phone charging station, with in particular lockable compartments, and preferably functionally combined with the sterilization box, so that when a cell phone stored in it is being charged, the cell phone is preferably sterilized at the same time using UV light, and is monitored in particular by the controller and it is displayed whether a sufficiently long sterilization time has been observed.

• In Kenntnis der Aufenthaltsdauer und Aufenthaltszeiten der Personen im Raum kann ermittelt werden, wie sich abhängig von der Anzahl der Personen die Luftqualität verändert, insbesondere wenn alle anderen Parameter gleichbleiben.

The statistical evaluations mentioned above will primarily serve hygienic purposes:

• Knowing the length of stay and time people stay in the room, it can be determined how the air quality changes depending on the number of people, especially if all other parameters remain the same.

It can also be determined how the temperature in the monitored room affects the air quality and, in particular, the bacterial load.

Furthermore, it can be determined with what air exchange rate and with what number of people in the room the air quality can be kept the same, in particular the germ load can be kept constant.

Furthermore, it can be determined how long not only the individual person was in concrete terms, but also how long the average length of stay in the room was, for example, on one day.

Furthermore, the overlaps in the time of the individual people's stay in the room can be determined, also with a follow-up time, so that if it is subsequently determined that there was an infectious person underneath, not only all people in the same room at the same time, but also those during a follow-up time after the infected person leaves the room, people still in the room who could theoretically have become infected can be determined.

In addition, business parameters can of course also be determined.

In particular, if the ticket identifier and / or the ticket information content is also recorded when paying at the cash register, it can be determined which sales which product groups are person-dependent or dependent, for example, on the Length of stay, time and other recorded parameters.

With regard to a hygiene system with several hygiene units, the individual hygiene units are designed according to one of the preceding claims and a control center of the hygiene system is in data connection, preferably wirelessly, with the individual hygiene units and preferably includes a central evaluation and / or storage unit for the determined data and / or a central alarm device.

With regard to the method for operating a hygiene unit, the solution to the existing problem was described above in connection with the respective physical configuration of the hygiene unit.

• - passierende Personen zu zählen und/oder
• - zu kontrollieren, ob passierende Personen eine Mund-Nasen-Maske tragen, und/oder
• - im Fall einer Wärmebild-Kamera, ob Personen eine erhöhte Oberflächen-Temperatur aufweisen und/oder
• - eine passierende Person den Spender für Desinfektionsmittel ausgelöst, insbesondere auch das Desinfektionsmittel benutzt, hat und/oder
• - zur Durchführung von Videokonferenzen und/oder
• - zur Übermittlung von Bildern im Fall eines Sicherheits-Signals betreffend Einbruch, Feuer, Wasser etc. und/oder
• - zur Raumüberwachung, insbesondere zusammen mit einem Bewegungsmelder.

In particular, a camera present on the hygiene unit, in particular the hygiene tower, can be used for many different purposes, in particular to

• - count passing people and / or
• - to check whether people passing through wear a face mask and / or
• - In the case of a thermal imaging camera, whether people have an increased surface temperature and / or
• - a passing person triggered the disinfectant dispenser, in particular also used the disinfectant, and / or
• - to conduct video conferences and / or
• - for the transmission of images in the event of a security signal regarding burglary, fire, water etc. and / or
• - for room monitoring, especially together with a motion detector.

• • Für alle Anwendungen, bei denen das Passieren des Hygiene-Turmes nur nach Bezahlung einer Zutritts-Gebühr möglich sein soll, wie etwa Toiletten, kann der Hygiene-Turm zusätzlich eine Bezahl-Einheit aufweisen.
• • Ausgestattet mit einem Scanner können Identifikations-Vorgänge, beispielsweise eine Passkontrolle, von Personen vorgenommen werden und der Hygiene-Turm kann als Zugangs-beschränkendes Teil überall dort eingesetzt werden, wo konkret vorgegebene Zutritts-Regeln gelten, sei es am Flughafen, in Firmen, insbesondere Banken oder anderen sensiblen Bereichen.
• • In der Umkleidekabine eines Fitnessclubs oder Sportvereins kann zusätzlich die Geruchsfilterung ein wichtiges Argument sein, gegebenenfalls auch die Desinfizierung von geruchsintensiven Gegenständen wie Sportschuhen in der Sterilisier-Box, die je nach Anwendungsfall in unterschiedlichen Größen eingebaut sein kann im Hygiene-Turm.
• • Für die Verwendung in einem Kinderzimmer oder in einem Hort kann bereits eine kleine Sterilisier-Box ausreichend sein, um darin beispielsweise Schnuller oder Sauger für Milch-Flaschen zu sterilisieren, aber auch Spielzeug.

The hygiene unit, in particular the hygiene tower, can be used for many different purposes, depending on its equipment:

• • For all applications in which passage through the hygiene tower should only be possible after paying an access fee, such as toilets, the hygiene tower can also have a payment unit.
• • Equipped with a scanner, identification processes, for example passport control, can be carried out by people and the hygiene tower can be used as an access-restricting part wherever specific access rules apply, be it at the airport, in companies, especially banks or other sensitive areas.
• • In the locker room of a fitness club or sports club, odor filtering can also be an important argument, possibly also the disinfection of odor-intensive objects such as sports shoes in the sterilization box, which can be built in different sizes in the hygiene tower depending on the application.
• • For use in a child's room or in an after-school care center, a small sterilization box can be sufficient to sterilize pacifiers or teats for milk bottles, for example, but also toys.

• • Für den Einsatz in Büros kann der Hygiene-Turm einen Drucker umfassen, dessen Toner und Tonerstaub dann quasi am Ort des Entstehens aus der Raumluft beseitigt wird. Der vorhandene Monitor kann mit SIM-Kartenanschluss auch für Videokonferenzen genutzt werden.
• • Als Zugangskontrolle in beispielsweise einer Kirche können nebenbei die oft über lange Zeit benutzten Gebetsbücher in der Sterilisier-Box keimfrei gemacht werden.
• • Zusätzlich ausgestattet mit einem Metall-Detektor kann eine Überprüfung der Passanten auf aus Metall bestehende Waffen zusätzlich durchgeführt werden und der Hygiene-Turm am Zugang zu Terror-gefährdeten Objekten eingesetzt werden.
• • Wegen der vorhandenen Kamera kann der Hygiene-Turm auch als Fotoautomat eingesetzt werden.
• • Fest montiert ist ein Einsatz auch in Fahrzeugen wie etwa Zügen oder Schiffen für die diversen Zwecke problemlos möglich.

During the children's sleep phases, the hygiene tower can be used as an extended baby phone, including motion detectors and general room surveillance.

• • For use in offices, the hygiene tower can include a printer, the toner and toner dust of which is then removed from the room air, so to speak, at the point where they arise. The existing monitor can also be used for video conferences with a SIM card connection.
• • As an access control in a church, for example, the prayer books, which are often used for a long time, can be made sterile in the sterilization box.
• • Additionally equipped with a metal detector, passers-by can be checked for weapons made of metal and the hygiene tower can be used at the entrance to objects at risk of terrorism.
• • Because of the existing camera, the hygiene tower can also be used as a photo booth.
• • Permanently installed, it can also be used in vehicles such as trains or ships for various purposes.

In order to configure this hygiene unit, in particular the hygiene tower, with regard to the software it contains for the respective purpose, the user himself can preferably download this software adaptation from a support app operated by the manufacturer of the hygiene units, for example based on the latest official regulations.

• • Raumluftüberwachung
• • Raumluftreinigung
• • Zugangsbeschränkung

erfüllen.In addition to the additional purposes mentioned above, the hygiene tower can always perform the basic functions

• • Indoor air monitoring
• • Room air purification
• • Restriction of access

fulfill.

c) Embodiments

• 1a: den Hygiene-Turm in der Frontansicht,
• 1b: den Hygiene-Turm mit der Frontansicht der 1a in einer ersten, einfachen Bauform aufgeschnitten in der Seitenansicht,
• 1c: den Hygiene-Turm mit der Frontansicht der 1a in einer zweiten, aufwändigeren Bauform aufgeschnitten in der Seitenansicht,
• 2: einen zu überwachenden Raum mit mehreren Hygiene-Türmen darin.

Embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example. Show it:

• 1a : the hygiene tower in the front view,
• 1b : the hygiene tower with the front view of the 1a in a first, simple design cut open in the side view,
• 1c : the hygiene tower with the front view of the 1a in a second, more complex design cut open in the side view,
• 2 : a room to be monitored with several hygiene towers in it.

• Der Hygiene-Turm 50 ist in diesem Fall etwa mannshoch, besitzt in diesem Fall
  • - wie in 2 ersichtlich - die Form eines aufrecht stehenden Kubus mit Rollen 29 an der Unterseite, so dass er leicht an die gewünschte Position verfahren werden kann.

In the front view of the 1a are those for a passerby P. , which in this case is partly in front of the hygiene tower 50 stands to recognize important elements:

• The hygiene tower 50 is about a man's height in this case, possesses in this case
  • - as in 2 visible - the shape of an upright cube with rollers 29 at the bottom so that it can easily be moved to the desired position.

Approximately at the level of the hands of a person standing in front of it P. there is a dispenser in the center of the front 4th for disinfectant so that a person P. Put your hands lightly under the outlet opening as shown 4c can hold, whereupon by means of a release sensor 4a , which detects the hands in its detection area, a portion of the disinfectant from the outlet opening 4c is delivered downwards.

The space under the exhaust port 4c is designed as a recess in the front of the housing.

As in 1c You can see that there is a level sensor on the storage tank for the disinfectant 4b arranged to the controller 50 * of the hygiene tower 50 reports when the disinfectant is running low.

Above the donor 4th is in the front of the hygiene tower 50 a screen 2 , preferably a touch screen 2 , arranged on which information from warning notices to air parameters, rules of conduct or advertising can be displayed, with a loudspeaker for the accompanying - or also separate - acoustic reproduction 5 , preferably also in the front, is present.

However, in this case there are several, either away from the hygiene tower, which are essential 50 arranged in the room to be monitored, in particular mobile, and / or, as shown, on the outer surfaces of the hygiene tower 50 existing air quality sensors 1 , both in the lower area and in the upper area, of the tower 50 are arranged, preferably on different sides and / or in the corners of the housing of the hygiene tower 50 .

These are with the controller 50 * connected, which these values among other things on the display 2 can display and / or via a transmitter / receiver unit 6th can pass on to a higher-level control center.

• Insbesondere in der Frontfläche kann ferner ein Temperatur-Sensor 11 vorhanden sein, vorzugsweise in einer solchen Höhe und an einer solchen Stelle, dass er am Kopf einer Person P, die sich gerade die Hände unter dem Spender 4 desinfiziert, dessen Oberflächen-Temperatur messen kann.

The scope of modules described so far with the aid of the figures already represents the simplest design of the hygiene tower 50 More extensive designs contain the additional modules described below:

• A temperature sensor can also be installed in the front surface in particular 11 be present, preferably at such a height and in such a location that it is on a person's head P. who have just got their hands under the dispenser 4th disinfected, whose surface temperature can measure.

In order to hit the spot correctly, it is additionally - preferably adjacent to such a temperature sensor 1 - a camera 10 present showing the position of the head of the person P. determined and thereby control 50 * with the temperature sensor, which can be controlled in particular with regard to its measuring direction 11 aims at the head, especially the forehead.

The camera 10 can also be used to determine if that person is P. also a mouth and nose mask MNM wearing.

Another temperature sensor is preferred 11 present that measures the temperature of the air around this sensor, both temperature sensors 11 , 11 .2 can be functionally combined.

The unit of temperature sensor 11 and camera 10 in this case is only on one side of the Displays 2 shown, but can preferably be on both sides of the monitor 2 be present as the donor 4th in the width direction roughly in the middle of the tower housing 50 is located so that there is a person P. can approach from both sides.

In the front surface there is also a sterilization box - also designed as a recess 3 arranged, in this case two on top of each other, each with a small object such as a cell phone H can be inserted and by irradiation with a radiation source arranged in the scope of this compartment 3b UV light is applied for a sufficiently long time to disinfect this object, triggered by a trigger sensor 3a .

In this case, there is an intermediate floor in the form of a thin grid with large grid cavities in each compartment, on which the object can be placed so that irradiation can take place not only from above but also from below, which also includes reflection the radiation coming from above on the peripheral walls and the bottom of the compartment is possible.

In the front side is also the output slot of a ticket generator 12th to be recognized by an access ticket T to the person P. can be output, which can contain the data described above and also a ticket sending unit T * , for example in the form of an RFID tag, via which the ticket T wirelessly, for example from a ticket reader as in 2 shown, information can be read from.

In addition, at one or more points in the outer surfaces of the tower 50 People counter 8th be present with which the number of the tower 50 People passing within a maximum detection distance P. is being held.

1a also shows optionally in the lower area of the tower 50 a battery 7a , in the stream either on the at the top of the tower 50 arranged solar cells 7b can be saved or by means of the from the housing of the tower 50 leading out electrical cables 28 can be recharged with a plug at a normal socket.

• 1b zeigt diesbezüglich eine erste, einfache Ausbaustufe:
  • Dabei befindet sich im Boden des Gehäuses des Hygiene-Turmes 50 eine, vorzugsweise großflächige, Luft-Ansaugöffnung 17, über die Raumluft RL eingesaugt wird mittels eines Unterdruck-Erzeugers wie eines Gebläses 15 und im Gehäuse nach oben transportiert wird, zunächst durch einen Keim-Filter 20, der mehr als 99 % aller in der hindurchgeführten Luft enthaltenen Keime festhält, und im weiteren Verlauf über einen Geruchs-Filter 21, der Stoffe und Partikel ausfiltert, die unangenehme Gerüche verursachen.

The representations of the 1b, c show mainly those inside the housing of the tower 50 optionally available elements for air treatment:

• 1b shows a first, simple expansion stage in this regard:
  • The hygiene tower is located in the bottom of the housing 50 a, preferably large-area, air intake opening 17th , through which room air RL is sucked in by means of a vacuum generator such as a fan 15th and is transported upwards in the housing, initially through a germ filter 20th , which holds more than 99% of all germs contained in the air through, and in the further process over an odor filter 21 that filters out substances and particles that cause unpleasant odors.

At least the germ filter 20th , preferably both filters 20th , 21 come with a filter control device 16 equipped, which reports to the control when the capacity of the respective filter is exhausted and this needs to be changed.

The air filtered in this way is released through an air outlet opening 18th , which is preferably located in the top of the housing, back to the room R. submitted.

A heating device can also be installed in the flow path 13th and / or a cooling device 14th for the air flowing through the hygiene tower, which can also include connections for an externally supplied warm and / or cold heat transfer medium. A simple form of heating device can also be operated only electrically.

Optionally, a battery can also be installed in the housing 7a for electrical current, which serves in particular as a buffer battery, if briefly despite the connection of the hygiene tower 50 There is no external power supply to the local power grid due to a power failure.

• In Blickrichtung der Figur befindet sich in der rechten Seitenwand des Gehäuses im unteren Bereich eine - relativ großflächige - Luft-Ansaugöffnung 17 und in der gegenüberliegenden Seitenwand etwa auf gleicher Höhe und mit etwa gleicher Größe eine Luft-Abgabeöffnung 18.

1c shows a second expansion stage, which is more extensive in terms of air treatment:

• In the viewing direction of the figure there is a - relatively large - air intake opening in the right side wall of the housing in the lower area 17th and an air discharge opening in the opposite side wall at approximately the same height and of approximately the same size 18th .

Both are connected via an air line 23c , and on the flow path is immediately after the air intake port 17th a germ filter 20th arranged, which frees the sucked in room air RL of germs as far as possible, and an odor filter in the further flow path 21 , usually an activated carbon filter 21 .

In the upper, preferably the uppermost, area of the housing is at least one, optionally as a suction or discharge opening 17th , 18th There is a usable opening in the housing, in this case shown once in the top and once almost at the highest point of a side wall, one of which can be closed by a switchable switch flap.

A common air line leads from both - the one from the openings 17th , 18th Coming air lines unite within the housing after a short distance - via an air line 23e in which a fan 15th is arranged in the housing of the germ filter 20th and open upstream of the germ filter 20th . An air line branches from this via a switch in the form of a switching flap 19a 23a starting directly to the air discharge opening 18th leads.

From this air line 23a - in turn there is a fan 15th - branches off a second switching flap 19b closable an air line 23b off that in the air duct 23c between the two filters 20th , 21 opens, and the mouth of which can also be opened or closed there again with a switch 19c in the form of a switching flap.

Another short air line 23b connects the two air lines 23c and 23a showing the feeds upstream and downstream to the activated carbon filter 21 are.

Both filters 20th , 21 are each equipped with a filter control device 16 equipped, which monitors the loading and thus the functionality of the respective filter and, if necessary, to the control 50 * reports.

• So kann Raumluft RL im Raum R, in dem sich der Hygiene-Turm 50 befindet, umgewälzt werden und dabei nach Wunsch behandelt werden:
  • Entweder bei Ansaugen über die Luft-Ansaugöffnung 17 kann die Raumluft RL zunächst über den Keimfilter 20 und danach über den Geruchsfilter 21 geführt werden, und über die tief liegenden Luft-Abgabeöffnung 18 wieder in den Raum R hinein abgegeben werden.

There are also the fans 15th can be switched in their direction of rotation by means of the control 50 * which can also control all switching flaps, very different air ducts can be implemented:

• This is how room air can RL in the room R. , in which the hygiene tower 50 located, circulated and treated as desired:
  • Either when sucking in via the air intake opening 17th can the room air RL first through the germ filter 20th and then through the odor filter 21 and via the deep air discharge opening 18th back in the room R. be delivered into it.

A suction through one of the overhead openings 17/18 is rarely carried out because the germ load in the deeper air layers above the ground is usually higher than in the higher air layers.

If the guide over the charcoal filter 21 is not necessary, the air can be passed through the air duct 23d and correspondingly opened switching flaps 19d, 19b as a bypass past this to the air discharge opening 18th be guided.

If, however, over the high opening 17/18 Room air is to be sucked in, it can also be drawn in via the air duct 23e first through the germ filter 20th and then optionally via the odor filter 21 and through the deep air discharge opening 18th in the room R. be delivered.

From one of the high openings 17/18 however, the air can also be sent directly to the air discharge opening 18th and are either not passed through a filter but directly through the air discharge opening 18th can be supplied or by using the air line 23b with appropriately switched switching flaps 19b, 19c, 19e only via the odor filter 21 be guided.

Since at least in the air line 23a and / or in the air duct 23e additionally a heating and / or cooling device 13/14 is present - which can have a connection for a supplied heating or cooling medium in preferably liquid form instead of only being operated electrically - air guided through this corresponding air line can also be tempered as desired.

This is especially necessary when one of the two high openings 17/18 has a connection for outside air AL, which can be too cold in winter and too warm in summer for use in the room R. , and before delivery to the room R. via the air discharge opening 18th should be tempered first.

Instead of the room R. ventilating with this outside air can also be done the other way around via the air intake opening 17th Room air RL sucked in and via the air duct 23e and the suction / discharge port connected to the outside air AL 17/18 Released into the environment and thus the room is freed of germ-laden air, which of course not through filters beforehand 20th , 21 must be performed via the corresponding air line 23e can be circumvented.

Because with the appropriate connection, especially the two high-lying air openings 17/18 , Venting and venting can be carried out at the same time, the corresponding air lines can 23a and 23e Be thermally coupled to one another via a heat exchanger (not shown) to use the heat in the exhaust air.

• In die breite Tür, die einerseits als Raum-Eingang RE und andererseits als Raum-Ausgang RA benutzt wird, ist ein von der Steuerung 50* des Turmes 50 ansteuerbares Drehkreuz 9 als Zugangssperre eingebaut.

2 shows a room from above R. with four hygiene towers 50 on the one hand, the room air is monitored and, on the other hand, an access restriction at the entrance and exit door of the room R. is carried out:

• In the wide door, on the one hand as a room entrance RE and on the other hand as a room exit RA is used is one of the controls 50 * of the tower 50 controllable turnstile 9 built in as an access lock.

By means of the two towers on either side of the door 50 the tower on the entrance side will carry out the necessary checks on people entering P. performed before the turnstile 9 gives free entry. To the people entering P. will also be a ticket T issued.

There is also a ticket reader at the exit 31 installed, the - preferably wirelessly - information from the tickets T of the people going out P. reads out.

Two more towers 50 are removed from the entrance and exit in the room R. distributed.

Preferably at least these or all of the towers are 50 with air quality sensors 1 fitted. In addition, there are a number of additional such sensors 1 in the room R. distributed, partly on the walls and / or the ceiling and / or the floor, all of which are signaling with at least one of the controls 50 * of the individual towers 50 is connected in terms of signaling.

One of the tower controls 50 * as master control and thus central control also for the other towers and their tower controls 50 * act.

Additionally are in the room R. , preferably in its corners, several thermal imaging cameras 27 arranged that are able to identify a person with increased body temperature.

All Windows F. and doors of the room R. are with controllable break contacts 22nd equipped by the controller 50 * can be controlled. This means that specific ventilation of the room is dependent on the measured air parameters R. possible.

At a tower 50 it is shown that this has an outside air connection through an air line 23 to a wall opening.

This can be dosed outside air AL from the environment U into the room R. brought in and additionally tempered, which can be done with simple ventilation by opening the window F. or doors is not possible.

List of reference symbols

1

Air quality sensor

1a

Sending unit

2

monitor

3

Sterilization box

3a

Trigger sensor

3b

Radiation source

4th

Disinfectant dispenser

4a

Trigger sensor

4b

Level sensor

4c

Outlet opening

4d

Disinfectant container

5

speaker

6th

Transmit / receive unit

7th

Power supply

7a

battery

7b

Solar cell

8th

People counter

9

Locking means, barrier, turnstile

10

camera

11th

Temperature sensor

12th

Ticket generator

13th

Heater

14th

Cooling device

15th

fan

16

Filter controller

17th

Air intake opening

18th

Air delivery opening

19th

Soft, switching flap

20th

Germ filter

21

Activated carbon filter

22nd

Window opener

23a -e

Air pipe

24

Input unit

25th

Particle counter

26th

Cell phone charging station

27

Thermal camera

28

Power cord

29

role

30th

Suction robot

31

Ticket reader

50

Hygiene tower

50 *

steering

100

Hygiene unit

100 *

Control center

F.

window

H

mobile

MNM

Mouth and nose mask

P.

Person, passerby

R.

Space, monitored space

RE

Room entrance

RA

Room exit

T

ticket

T *

Ticket sending unit

Claims (51)

Hygiene unit (100) with - At least one, in particular mobile, air quality sensor (1) for measuring at least one air parameter relevant to the hygiene of the air surrounding the air quality sensor (1), - One, in particular mobile, hygiene tower (50), the - A monitor (2) which is suitable for displaying the air parameters. Hygiene unit according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the hygiene tower (50) comprises - a dispenser (4) for disinfectant with a contactless trigger sensor (4a). Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one air parameter is at least one from the group - carbon dioxide (CO2) content, - volatile organic compound (VOC) content. (Control, connectivity :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the hygiene tower (50) has a controller (50 *), in particular in the form of a control computer (50 *), for evaluating the data from the air quality sensors, in particular the display on the monitor (2) and / or the acoustic output via an optionally available loudspeaker (5) and for the data connection with a higher-level control center (100 *), in particular - the control (50 *), in particular the control computer (50 *) is equipped with one of the operating system software commonly used on office computers or smartphones, and / or - the control (50 *), in particular the control computer (50 *), has a SIM card connection , and / or - an epidemic warning app, in particular a corona warning app, is installed on the controller (50 *), in particular the control computer (50 *). Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by - the hygiene tower (50) comprises a transmitting / receiving unit (6) for wireless data exchange, and - the at least one air quality sensor (1) remote from the hygiene tower (50) is designed as a separate device and has at least one transmitter unit (1a), better a transmitter / receiver unit (1a), for the wireless transmission of the data measured by it, in particular to the hygiene tower (50). Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monitor (2) - has a self-disinfecting surface or - comprises a self-cleaning device. (Sterilization box :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - a, in particular lockable, sterilization box (3) for inserting and sterilizing objects without disinfectant liquid is present, - the sterilization box (3) has a radiation source (3b) for disinfecting electromagnetic radiation, in particular in the UV wavelength range, - in particular the sterilization box (3) has an intermediate floor with high porosity for electromagnetic radiation, in particular a net or grid. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - a lockable mobile phone charging station (26), in particular for mobile phones (H) stored in the sterilization box (3), is contained in the hygiene tower (50), - the closing mechanism is connected to the control (50 *) in terms of data and the control indicates when the closed time of the sterilization box (3) is a sufficient sterile time. (Air filtering :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the hygiene tower (50) comprises a germ filter (20), - in particular a switch (22) is provided in order to transport room air (RL) and / or outside air (AL) through the hygiene tower (50) this air to flow either through the germ filter (20) or the germ filter (20), - preferably room air (RL) is sucked in, passed over the germ filter (20) and then fed back to the monitored room (RL) will. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the air intake opening (17) for room air (RL) is arranged close to the floor, in particular at a height of a maximum of 1 m, better a maximum of 50 cm, better a maximum of 30 cm above the Floor, - the air discharge opening (18) to the room (R) is arranged in the upper area, in particular in the upper third, of the hygiene tower (50), at least at a height of 1.30 m, better at least 1.50 m. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the germ filter (20) has a filter control device (16) which monitors the germ load of the filter (20) and, when the maximum load is reached, a signal to exchange the Filters (20) releases. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hygiene tower (50) comprises an odor filter (21), in particular an activated carbon filter (21). (Air filtering :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the hygiene tower (50) comprises a germ filter (20), - in particular a switch (22) is provided in order to transport room air (RL) and / or outside air (AL) through the hygiene tower (50) to let this air flow either over the germ filter (20) or past the germ filter (20), - with room air (RL) preferably being sucked in, over the germ filter Filter (20) passed and then fed back to the monitored room (RL). Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the air intake opening (17) for room air (RL) is arranged close to the floor, in particular at a height of a maximum of 1 m, better a maximum of 50 cm, better a maximum of 30 cm above the Floor, - the air discharge opening (18) to the room (R) is arranged in the upper area, in particular in the upper third, of the hygiene tower (50), at least at a height of 1.30 m, better at least 1.50 m. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the germ filter (20) has a filter control device (16) which monitors the germ load of the filter (20) and, when the maximum load is reached, a signal to exchange the Filters (20) releases. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hygiene tower (50) comprises an odor filter (21), in particular an activated carbon filter (21). (Filter sanitization :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the control is able to indicate, in particular by releasing the filter housing closure, when or after which waiting time after the end of the filter operation the germ filter (20) is no longer infectious and can be changed - in particular by the controller monitoring the temperature of the germ filter (20) during filter operation by means of a temperature sensor and the waiting time is calculated depending on this temperature level, and / or - a filter sterilizer, in particular a filter -Heating, is present, for example to shorten the waiting time by increasing the filter temperature, in particular to shorten it to zero by heating the filter to a sterile temperature and maintaining the required sterilization time. (Multipurpose camera :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a camera (10) on the hygiene tower (50) which is able to visually check, in particular by means of artificial intelligence, whether the one passing through the hygiene tower (50) Person (P) wears a mouth and nose mask (MNM), the camera being connected to the controller (50 *) for data purposes, To serve fire monitoring and / or water damage monitoring. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the hygiene tower (50) comprises a wireless temperature sensor (11) that functions at a distance, in particular a pyrometer or a thermal imaging camera, which measures the surface temperature Measures passing people (P), - if the surface temperature of the person (P) is too high, the person (P) refuses access by blocking the locking means (9) and / or a warning display on the monitor (2). Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by - temperature sensor ( 11), which measures the ambient temperature on the temperature sensor (11), wherein the controller (50 *) relativizes the measured surface temperatures of the passers-by taking into account the ambient temperature. (Emergency power supply :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the hygiene tower's own power supply (7), in particular by means of a battery (7a), which is recharged in particular by means of solar cells (7b). (Details :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the monitor (2) is designed to present advertising and / or warning notices, in particular ventilation notices for the monitored space. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a level sensor (4b) of the dispenser (4) for disinfectant or a counter for portions removed from the dispenser, which is connected to the controller (50 *) and / or the monitor ( 2) is coupled and reports an empty or low content of the dispenser (4). Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a loudspeaker (5) for playing music or warning messages. (Access control :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the hygiene tower (50) comprises a person counter (8) for people who either activate the dispenser and / or the hygiene on the hygiene tower (50) -Tower (50) pass in the direction of the room (R) behind it, - the monitor (2) is designed to display an entry ban in the room (R) behind the hygiene tower (50), - with qualitative too poor indoor air - maximum number of people reached in the room behind the hygiene tower (R). Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the hygiene unit (100) comprises a controllable, lockable mechanical locking means (9) such as a barrier (9) or a turnstile (9), - the control (50 * ) of the hygiene tower (50), in particular wirelessly, is coupled to the locking means (9) and its locking device. (Access tickets :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the hygiene unit (100), in particular the hygiene tower (50), comprises a ticket generator (12), which in paper form or online an access ticket ( T) generated - in particular the access ticket (T) contains - a label identifier and / or - the air quality in the monitored room (R) upon entry and / or - the time of creation of the ticket (T) is printed and / or - the surface temperature of the person (P) and / or - the fact that the person (P) wore an oral and nose mask (MNM) when monitored by the camera (10) and / or - whether the person (P) is wearing the Has activated the dispenser (4) and / or - possibly the mobile phone number entered by the person (P) himself. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by - a mechanical exit lock or an exit sensor is present at the room exit (RA) of the monitored room (R), - in particular a reading unit for the ticket (T ) comprises, - preferably the paper ticket (T) comprises a wireless transmission unit (Ts), in particular an RFID tag. (Automatic ventilation :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the controller (50 *) is connected, in particular wirelessly, to a window opener (22) and activates the window opener (22) if the air quality in the monitored room (R) is too poor, - In particular, the opening times of the windows (F) and doors are recorded and saved. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hygiene tower (50) has - an air line (23) to the outside air (AL) outside the monitored room (R), - an air transport device (15) , in particular a fan (15), which can suck in ambient air (AL) and blow it into the room (R) and / or suck in room air (RL) and blow it out to the outside of the room (R) - in particular depending on the measured indoor air parameters. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control (50 *) has an input unit (24) via which input parameters can be entered, for example the area or volume of the room (R) to be monitored. (Heat cool:) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the hygiene tower (50) has a heating device (13) and / or a cooling device (14) for air passed through the hygiene tower (50), outside air ( AL) or room air to be recirculated (RL), - the hygiene tower (50) has a liquid connection for positive or negative heat transporting liquid heat transfer medium and a heat exchanger as a heating / cooling device (13, 14) and / or - the heating device (13) is operated by means of electrical current. Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that (smoke alarm, fire alarm :) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the hygiene tower (50) comprises a particle counter (25) and / or a temperature sensor (11) for the room air passed through the hygiene tower (50), and / or - this hygiene unit comprises a smoke detector, the signal light of which is in particular in the field of view of the camera, - the control (50 *) is designed so that it is based on the temperature and / or the number of particles per volume unit on room air (RL) and / or from the signal light visible in the camera image can infer the presence of smoke and / or fire and can output a fire alarm, in particular wirelessly directly to a security company or the fire brigade. (Statistical evaluation:) Hygiene unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the controller (50 *) comprises a statistical evaluation unit which determines - how the number of people (P) in the monitored room (R) affects the air quality, - how the temperature in the monitored room (R) affects the air quality, - how long the individual person (P) has been in the monitored room specifically or on average (P), - how the worst air quality during the stay Time the person (P) was. Hygiene system with several hygiene units (100), characterized in that - the hygiene units (100) are designed according to one of the preceding claims, - the hygiene system is wirelessly connected to the hygiene units (100) in terms of data technology and comprises a central evaluation and / or storage and / or alarm device. Method for operating a hygiene unit (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the air quality, in particular from a hygienic point of view, is monitored and - either a warning signal, in particular to the environment of the hygiene unit (100) , in particular of the hygiene tower (50), - and / or an existing access block to the monitored room (R) is closed. Procedure according to Claim 37 , characterized in that the air quality is determined based on the air parameters - carbon dioxide (CO2) content, and / or - volatile organic compound (VOC) content. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the air parameters are determined several times and / or remotely from a hygiene tower (50) of the hygiene unit (100). Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the measured air parameters are communicated to the surroundings of the hygiene tower (50) by means of a monitor (2) or acoustically and / or are reported to a higher-level control center, in particular reported wirelessly . Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the hygiene unit (100) is supplied with energy by means of self-generated electricity, preferably electricity generated by means of photovoltaics. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that - the surface body temperature and / or the presence of an oral and nose mask (MNM) is checked on the people (P) passing, - in particular the measured surface body temperature is checked by the controller (50 *) is put into perspective depending on the ambient temperature in the vicinity of the measuring temperature sensor (11), - in the event of a hygienically negative result, the access lock is closed or a warning signal is issued. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that if there is a connection to a door opener or window opener (22) if the air quality is too poor, the window (F) or the door is automatically opened by the control (50 *) of the hygiene unit (100) will. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that if there is an air line (23) from the hygiene tower (50) to the free environment (U) of the monitored room (R), if the air quality is poor, room air (RL) is extracted and released into the open and / or outside air (KL) is sucked in and pushed into the room (RL). Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that when the germ filter (20) is present in the hygiene tower (50) - if the germ density in the room air is too high, the room air (RL) is sucked in and by means of the germ filter (20 ) is filtered and then fed back to the room (R), - the germ loading of the germ filter (20) is measured and a change signal is emitted when the capacity is reached. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the control (50 *) specifies the point in time or the waiting time after the end of the filter operation from which the filter is no longer infectious and can be changed. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that a change signal for the disinfectant container (4d) is given due to a determined insufficient level, in particular determined by counting the portions previously removed from the container (4d). Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the temperature of the room air (RL) and / or the filter is monitored and, when filtering the room air, the power of the fan is increased or the time intervals between the filtering cycles are reduced more frequently or that Cleaning the filter or the display is intensified or carried out at shorter intervals, the lower the measured temperature. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the particle load in the room air (RL) and / or the temperature of the room air (RL) is monitored and, if the values are too high, a fire alarm signal is issued, in particular to a security company or the Fire Department. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the air, outside air (AL) or room air (RL) guided through the hygiene tower (50) of the hygiene unit (100) is heated or cooled. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the camera (10) is used to - count passing people and / or - to check whether passing people wear a face mask (MNM), and / or - in the case of a thermal imaging camera, whether people have an increased surface temperature, and / or - a passing person triggered the disinfectant dispenser, in particular also used the disinfectant, and / or - to conduct video conferences and / or - to transmit of images in the case of a security signal relating to burglary, fire, water, etc. and / or - for room monitoring, in particular together with a motion detector.

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