DE102020113448A1 - Air conditioning / ventilation systems-carbon dioxide indoor air collection device and air conditioning / ventilation systems-carbon dioxide indoor air collection methods - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collector device (1) within an air conditioning system arrangement and / or within a ventilation system arrangement with a housing (11) with a room air supply (111) and a room air discharge (112), a carbon dioxide adsorber material, an adsorbent (12) within the housing (11), a first adsorption-desorption area (131) and a second adsorption-desorption area (132) being provided, the first adsorption-desorption area (131) and the second adsorption-desorption area (132 ) are separated from one another by a volume partition (14) and the volume partition (14) can be moved in its lateral position and the volume partition (14) in the area of the room air supply (111) and the room air discharge (112) has air guide flaps (141, 142) and each in the first (131) and in the second adsorption-desorption area (132) in each case at least one stationary Adsorber volume (151-153 and 154-156) with the adsorbent (12) and at least one displaceable adsorber volume (161-163 and 164-166) are provided with the adsorbent, the at least one displaceable adsorber volume (161-163) of the first Adsorption-desorption area (131) and the at least one displaceable adsorber volume (164-166) of the second adsorption-desorption area (132) are arranged on opposite sides of the common volume partition (14), the volume partition (14) in its lateral position for volume division is displaceable between the first (131) and the second adsorption-desorption region (132); and means are provided for thermal desorption (17) of the adsorbent and a vacuum suction collection arrangement (18) for carbon dioxide is provided. The invention also relates to an air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide / room air collection method.

Description

The invention relates to an air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collector device within an air conditioning system arrangement and / or within a ventilation system arrangement with a housing with a room air supply and a room air discharge, a carbon dioxide adsorber material, an adsorbent within the housing.

The invention further relates to an air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collecting method with an air conditioning system / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collecting device.

The known and relevant process here is the D A C process, namely Direct Air Capture. It is a process for extracting carbon dioxide (CO2) directly from the air in a room. For this purpose, the room air flows through a filter, which removes part of the carbon dioxide from the room air and then collects pure CO2 from the room air and keeps it ready for further use. In particular, the further material use as a raw material z. B. particularly interesting for the chemical industry and the production of CO2-neutral fuels, whereby so-called e-fuels come to the fore. In this way, negative emissions can be achieved, as a result of which carbon dioxide is actually withdrawn from the atmosphere and made available in a climate-neutral manner for further use as, for example, fuel for further use.

Various arrangements are known from the prior art for extracting carbon dioxide from the room air. In particular, the company climeworks AG should be pointed out, which has already brought numerous products and ideas onto the market.

The problems in the prior art, however, are the arrangements or devices which have been on the market up to now, which essentially cannot work continuously, but whose adsorbent must be regenerated accordingly at certain time intervals.

In particular, it was recognized that devices and arrangements for extracting carbon dioxide from the room air in the prior art do not allow continuous or at least no quasi-continuous operation, but can only be operated in batch operation, i.e. adsorbing and desorbing staggered in time.

The present invention is based on the object of specifying a device and a method for obtaining and collecting carbon dioxide from the room air, which can work at least quasi-continuously, that is to say can perform a carbon dioxide adsorption and a carbon dioxide desorption at the same time.

It is also an object of the corresponding devices and methods to reduce to a minimum the pressure losses that occur when air or, in general, a fluid flows through the adsorber within the device.

It should also be the task to carry out the desorption with as little energy as possible.

The method in question for this is the thermal swing adsorption method known in the prior art, or thermal and pressure swing adsorption method, in which a temperature ramp or a temperature ramp and a pressure drop is used to desorb the carbon dioxide from the adsorbent.

This object is achieved with an air conditioning / ventilation system-carbon dioxide / indoor air collecting device according to the main claim and an air conditioning / ventilation system / carbon dioxide / indoor air collection method according to the independent claim.

• - einem Gehäuse mit einer Raumluftzufuhr und einer Raumluftabfuhr,
• - einem Kohlenstoffdioxid-Adsorbermaterial, einem Adsorbens innerhalb des Gehäuses, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
• - ein erster Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich und
• - ein zweiter Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich vorgesehen sind, wobei
• - der erste Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich und der zweite Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich durch eine Volumentrennwand gegeneinander abgetrennt sind und die Volumentrennwand in deren seitlicher Position verfahrbar ist und die Volumentrennwand im Bereich der Raumluftzufuhr und der Raumluftabfuhr Luftführungsklappen aufweist und
• - jeweils in dem ersten und in dem zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich jeweils wenigstens ein ortsfestes Adsorbervolumen mit dem Adsorbens und wenigstens jeweils ein verschiebbares Adsorbervolumen mit dem Adsorbens vorgesehen sind, wobei
• - das wenigstens eine verschiebbare Adsorbervolumen des ersten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereichs und das wenigstens eine verschiebbare Adsorbervolumen des zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereichs auf entgegengesetzten Seiten an der gemeinsamen Volumentrennwand angeordnet sind, wobei die Volumentrennwand in deren seitlichen Position zur Volumenaufteilung zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereichs verschiebbar ist; und
• - Mittel zur thermischen Desorption des Adsorbens vorgesehen sind und
• - eine Vakuum-Absaug-Sammelanordnung für Kohlenstoffdioxid vorgesehen ist.

The air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide indoor air collection device within an air conditioning system and / or within a ventilation system with:

• - a housing with a room air supply and a room air discharge,
• - A carbon dioxide adsorber material, an adsorbent within the housing, is characterized in that
• - a first adsorption-desorption area and
• - A second adsorption-desorption area are provided, wherein
• - The first adsorption-desorption area and the second adsorption-desorption area are separated from each other by a volume partition and the volume partition can be moved in its lateral position and the volume partition has air guide flaps in the area of the room air supply and the room air discharge and
• - In each case at least one fixed adsorber volume with the adsorbent and at least one displaceable adsorber volume with the adsorbent are provided in each case in the first and in the second adsorption-desorption area, wherein
• - The at least one displaceable adsorber volume of the first adsorption-desorption area and the at least one displaceable adsorber volume of the second adsorption-desorption area are arranged on opposite sides of the common volume partition, the volume partition wall in its lateral position for the volume division between the first and the second adsorption-desorption area is movable; and
• - Means for thermal desorption of the adsorbent are provided and
• - A vacuum suction collection arrangement for carbon dioxide is provided.

This makes it possible to constantly collect carbon dioxide in a quasi-continuous operation and make it available for further material use Are connected, adsorption and desorption takes place at the same time.

While carbon dioxide is adsorbed in one area, the carbon dioxide that was previously adsorbed in the area is desorbed in another area. By cleverly combining the rooms, these can be operated in a quasi-continuous operation.

Furthermore, the pressure ratios are optimized so that the efficiency is very high. For adsorption, the adsorber volumes are arranged next to one another in the corresponding adsorption / desorption area, but offset in height so that a large volume can be flown against.

In particular, desorption chamber closure flaps can be provided, whereby these reduce the volume of the first adsorption-desorption area for desorption and the volume of the second adsorption-desorption area for desorption by at least temporary separation. This further optimizes the desorption process, since the space is reduced even further during the desorption.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the respective adsorber volumes in the first and second adsorption-desorption areas are arranged one above the other in terms of time for desorption along the original air flow, this being implemented with a time delay either in the first or second adsorption-desorption area. Due to the compact volume and the arrangement of the adsorber volumes one above the other, it is already sufficient to arrange thermal desorbents only in every second adsorber volume in order to carry out the thermal desorption.

Furthermore, a fan arrangement and / or a passive air line by means of an air conditioning system arrangement and / or ventilation system arrangement can be provided for introducing room air into the respective adsorption-desorption area to be flowed.

In the course of the synergetic use with other devices or arrangements, excess heat energy can be used for desorption, especially when combined with an air conditioning system. For this purpose, for example, several heat pumps can be switched one after the other so that sufficient heat is efficiently made available to carry out desorption.

The air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collecting device is preferred as the first unit in an air conditioning unit or ventilation system.

Furthermore, the means for thermal desorption can be selected in particular from one or a combination of heat exchangers, heat exchangers in tubular form, pipes, heaters, radiant heaters, microwave radiators, waste heat utilization devices, waste heat utilization devices of a heating system and / or a combined heat and power plant and / or fuel cell arrangement, heat pump arrangement, waste heat utilization device of an electrolysis arrangement .

For desorption, in a particularly preferred embodiment, pipelines are provided within the adsorber volume which are filled with a fluid, a liquid, for example a thermal oil or water or the like. Corresponding temperatures can be generated by means of energy.

The means for thermal desorption can in particular be arranged at least within the stationary adsorber volume. In a variant, the means for thermal desorption can also be arranged within the stationary and within the displaceable adsorber volumes. Ever Depending on the size of the adsorber volume, one or the other variant can be useful.

The heat for the thermal desorption of the adsorbent can be supplied through a heat exchanger integrated in the adsorbent carrier and a heat exchanger in the middle chamber.

The adsorber volume can preferably be designed as a lattice structure, the adsorbent being held in the form of spheres and / or rods and / or powder within the lattice structure.

The adsorbent carrier, that is to say the adsorber volume, can be designed as flat cuboids or the like. These consist in particular of a lattice structure and contain adsorbent particles for the separation of carbon dioxide.

The adsorber volume or the adsorbent carrier are extended in particular for the adsorption, so that the air or, in general, a fluid can flow through them and the adsorptive can be adsorbed thereon. The adsorber volumes can be retracted so that they can be desorbed in an area with a smaller volume by means of thermal energy and vacuum.

In particular, in a preferred embodiment variant, the adsorber volumes consist of particle beds which are fixed in the direction of flow and against it with a fabric and a mesh and / or a perforated plate and / or a sandwich structure made of mesh-mesh fabric.

The adsorber volumes can particularly preferably be designed as a lattice structure, the adsorbent particularly preferably being held in the form of spheres and / or rods and / or powder within the lattice structure.

Particularly preferably, at least two or three stationary and two or three displaceable adsorber volumes can be provided in the first and the second adsorption-desorption area, since these configurations have been able to achieve the best results so far in terms of flow, heat and energy.

In addition, a comb structure is particularly preferred in which a plurality of adsorber volumes intermesh in a comb-like manner in order to take up less volume during desorption, which has to be heated. In the adsorption mode, the double comb would have moved apart in order to enable adsorption with a larger area on one side of the comb, optimized in terms of pressure and flow.

It is also possible to adapt and vary the spacing of the segments from one another and from one another in the X and Y directions in order to thereby regulate the total differential pressure across the adsorber and thereby the volume flow.

The air or the fluid in general is fed into the housing via the inlet, flows around the adsorbent and flows into the pores of the adsorbent. From there, the air passes through the highly porous structures of the adsorbent by means of forced convection and diffusion into the pores of the adsorbent. During this process, the adsorptive carbon dioxide has a high exchange with the adsorbent, whereby it is adsorbed on its surface and in its pores. By adjusting the porosity of the adsorbent, the pressure drop across the adsorbent as well as the interactions of the adsorbent with the adsorbent and the residence time of the adsorbent in the adsorbent can be controlled. Furthermore, due to the variable particle diameter of the adsorber, the resistance that arises when flowing through can be adjusted, which results in a change in the pressure loss. In a variant, spherical balls enable the specific surface area to be adapted by changing their diameter, which is directly linked to the rate of adsorption with respect to the adsorptive.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, and in the ideal case, the number of fixed adsorber volumes, i.e. the fixed part, and the displaceable adsorber volumes, i.e. the movable part, are the same in order to achieve a uniform volume flow and thereby a uniform loading of all adsorber volumes. However, the number of adsorber volumes or the fixed or movable adsorber volumes or segments does not necessarily have to be the same for functionality. In the ideal case, the depth of the adsorber volume is the same, although this can be optimized and adapted for each segment with regard to the flow resistance.

In particular, it is advantageous if the adsorbent is divided into several adsorber volumes, since this reduces the pressure losses. It has been shown here that with higher volume flows, more segments are advantageous, since the pressure losses are lower; the combination of three stationary and three displaceable adsorber volumes has proven to be particularly efficient.

The pressure loss resulting from the flow through the adsorber volume can be reduced by dividing it into several sections through which the flow passes one after the other, compared to a simple bed with the same adsorbent mass.

Due to the variable wall thickness of the adsorbent structure, for example cuboid or the like, the resistance that arises when a fluid or air flows through can be adapted, which results in a change in the pressure loss.

By adjusting the porosity of the adsorbent, the pressure drop across the adsorbent as well as the interactions of the adsorbent with the adsorbent and the residence time of the adsorbent in the adsorbent can be controlled.

The packing density can be increased for the desorption process, which significantly increases the energy efficiency for the desorption process.

In the case of a combination with a heating system and / or a block-type thermal power station and / or a solar thermal system, the use of the thermal waste heat in combination with the pipes in the adsorber volume and a thermal oil is preferred. As a result, on the one hand, a necessary cooling is carried out synergistically and the quasi-continuous desorption is operated with excess heat.

The use of hot water service water and / or heating water supply means of buildings for desorption is also preferred, since temperatures of more than 55 ° C. are used here.

The introduction of the heat into the respective desorbing chamber, that is to say the first or the second adsorption / desorption area, can in particular be controlled via a switchover valve so that the heat is always present in the correct area.

In a special variant, the air flows through the porous structures of the adsorbent, reaches an empty space in the reactor and is discharged in the axial direction out of the reactor through the grid upwards.

After a defined period of time, the reactor volume of the first or second adsorption / desorption area is sealed off and a parallel-connected reactor of the same structure, the second or first adsorption / desorption area, is operated.

In a particularly preferred embodiment variant, the reactor area which is sealed off, that is to say closed off via the corresponding flaps, is first vacuum-sealed and then heat is introduced into it. The adsorbent desorbs the adsorbed carbon dioxide and this is removed and collected by means of the vacuum. Here, the volume for the desorption is reduced in order to implement the heat supply to the adsorbent more effectively. Heat exchanger surfaces or heating rods can particularly preferably be integrated into the adsorber volume in order to optimize the energy input of the heat.

It should be noted that equating the adsorption and desorption times in particular brings particular advantages, namely optimal adsorption and energetic optimal desorption. In particular, it is possible not to utilize the loading of the adsorbent to the maximum, but to use the special characteristics of the adsorbent, namely its ability to adsorb carbon dioxide over time, taking into account the loading, and to desorb it with the introduction of heat.

With regard to an adsorbent for collecting carbon dioxide, reference is made to the prior art. In principle, any solid material that can adsorb carbon dioxide and also desorb it again seems to be useful.

As a further aspect of adsorption, the ongoing water adsorption, which may also be possible here at the same time as the carbon dioxide adsorption, is cited, which can take place depending on the adsorber material used. With the method presented here and with the device, it is also possible to withdraw large amounts of water from the room air and to continue to use it. Simultaneous use of water and carbon dioxide is also conceivable and possible.

• 1A) Sammeln von Kohlenstoffdioxid mittels eines Adsorbens in einem ersten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich mit wenigstens zwei in deren Lage zueinander in Luft-Strömungsrichtung in Höhe und in einer seitlichen Position versetzt angeordneten Adsorbervolumen, wobei hierzu Raumluft durch den ersten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich durchgeführt wird;
• 1B) zeitlich paralleles Desorbieren von Kohlenstoffdioxid aus einem mit Kohlenstoffdioxid angereicherten Adsorbens in einem zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich mit wenigstens zwei in deren Lage zueinander in Luft-Strömungsrichtung in Höhe und in einer seitlichen Position übereinander ausgerichteten angeordneten Adsorbervolumen, wobei von der Raumluft abgetrennt und mittels Vakuum und mittels Wärmezufuhr in das Adsorbens Kohlenstoffdioxid aus dem zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich herausgeführt und gesammelt wird;
• 2) nach erfolgtem Sammeln / Desorbieren von Kohlenstoffdioxid erfolgt
  • - ein örtliches Verschieben des wenigstens einen Adsorbervolumens in dem ersten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich, so dass in dem ersten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich die Adsorbervolumen übereinander ausgerichtet sind, und
  • - ein zeitgleiches örtliches Verschieben des wenigstens einen Adsorbervolumens in dem zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich, so dass die wenigstens zwei Adsorbervolumen in deren Lage zueinander in Luft-Strömungsrichtung in Höhe und in einer seitlichen Position übereinander ausgerichtet angeordnet sind;
• 3A) Sammeln von Kohlenstoffdioxid mittels des Adsorbens in dem zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich mit wenigstens zwei in deren Lage zueinander in Luft-Strömungsrichtung in Höhe und in einer seitlichen Position versetzt angeordneten Adsorbervolumen, wobei hierzu Raumluft durch den zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich durchgeführt wird;
• 3B) zeitlich paralleles Desorbieren von Kohlenstoffdioxid aus dem mit Kohlenstoffdioxid angereicherten Adsorbens in dem zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich mit wenigstens zwei in deren Lage zueinander in Luft-Strömungsrichtung in Höhe und in einer seitlichen Position übereinander ausgerichteten angeordneten Adsorbervolumen, wobei von der Raumluft abgetrennt und mittels Vakuum und mittels Wärmezufuhr in das Adsorbens Kohlenstoffdioxid aus dem ersten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich herausgeführt und gesammelt wird;
• 4) nach erfolgtem Sammeln / Desorbieren von Kohlenstoffdioxid erfolgt erneut
  • - ein örtliches Verschieben des wenigstens einen Adsorbervolumens in dem zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich, so dass in dem zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich die Adsorbervolumen übereinander ausgerichtet sind, und
  • - ein zeitgleiches örtliches Verschieben des wenigstens einen Adsorbervolumens in dem ersten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich, so dass die wenigstens zwei Adsorbervolumen in deren Lage zueinander in Luft-Strömungsrichtung in Höhe und in einer seitlichen Position übereinander ausgerichtet angeordnet sind, wobei
  • - in dem Schritt 2) eine Volumenverringerung des ersten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich und eine Volumenvergrößerung des zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich und
  • - in dem Schritt 4) eine Volumenvergrößerung des ersten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich und eine Volumenverringerung des zweiten Adsorptions-Desorptionsbereich erfolgt.

The air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collecting method with an air conditioning system / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collecting device has the continuously running steps 1A and 1B, 2, 3A and 3B, 4, namely:

• 1A) collecting carbon dioxide by means of an adsorbent in a first adsorption-desorption area with at least two adsorber volumes offset from one another in the air flow direction in height and in a lateral position, room air being passed through the first adsorption-desorption area for this purpose;
• 1B) Simultaneous desorption of carbon dioxide from an adsorbent enriched with carbon dioxide in a second adsorption-desorption area with at least two adsorber volumes arranged in their position to one another in the air flow direction at the height and in a lateral position one above the other, separated from the room air and by means of a vacuum and by means of Heat supply in the adsorbent carbon dioxide is led out of the second adsorption-desorption area and collected;
• 2) after the carbon dioxide has been collected / desorbed
  • a local displacement of the at least one adsorber volume in the first adsorption-desorption area, so that the adsorber volumes are aligned one above the other in the first adsorption-desorption area, and
  • a simultaneous local displacement of the at least one adsorber volume in the second adsorption-desorption area, so that the at least two adsorber volumes are arranged in their position relative to one another in the air flow direction at the same height and in a lateral position one above the other;
• 3A) Collecting carbon dioxide by means of the adsorbent in the second adsorption-desorption area with at least two adsorber volumes offset from one another in the air flow direction in height and in a lateral position, room air being passed through the second adsorption-desorption area for this purpose;
• 3B) Desorption of carbon dioxide from the adsorbent enriched with carbon dioxide in the second adsorption-desorption area with at least two adsorber volumes arranged in their position to one another in the air flow direction at the height and in a lateral position one above the other, separated from the room air and by means of a vacuum and carbon dioxide is removed from the first adsorption-desorption region and collected by means of supplying heat to the adsorbent;
• 4) after collecting / desorbing carbon dioxide takes place again
  • a local displacement of the at least one adsorber volume in the second adsorption-desorption area, so that the adsorber volumes are aligned one above the other in the second adsorption-desorption area, and
  • - A simultaneous local displacement of the at least one adsorber volume in the first adsorption-desorption area, so that the at least two adsorber volumes are arranged in their position in relation to one another in the air flow direction at the height and in a lateral position one above the other, wherein
  • - In step 2) a volume reduction of the first adsorption-desorption area and an increase in volume of the second adsorption-desorption area and
  • - In step 4) the volume of the first adsorption-desorption area is increased and the second adsorption-desorption area is reduced in volume.

The method described here makes it possible to adsorb, desorb and collect carbon dioxide in a continuous or quasi-continuous operation.

In particular, it is only sensibly possible to desorb carbon dioxide through the skillful change in volume, since the process described here significantly reduces the volume for desorption.

Furthermore, by means of the device and the method disclosed here, it is possible in residential and office buildings as well as halls and production facilities to recirculate a larger part of the heated room air, since the carbon dioxide content is significantly reduced after passing through the device according to the invention. The advantage here is to be seen energetically, namely in the use of the warmth of the air, which can be recirculated, which ultimately can significantly reduce heating costs in houses and especially in office buildings and halls. The same applies to air-conditioned rooms, so that costs can be saved in heating as well as in room cooling, generally in temperature control. In this case, the collected carbon dioxide can either be discharged collectively or simply released into the environment due to the high potential for energy savings in the air conditioning costs.

The energy efficiency of an air conditioning and / or ventilation system, also room ventilation system or ventilation system, can be increased by removing carbon dioxide from the room air and recirculating the room air, since the proportion of fresh air can be kept lower. In particular, the room air can be recirculated and / or a reduced proportion of fresh air can be added when the room air supplied is recirculated. This makes it significantly more energy efficient.

It should also be mentioned at this point that the adsorbent does not have to be fully loaded with carbon dioxide in order to carry out a desorption, and it also does not have to be completely discharged in order to use it again for adsorption. Material-specific loading and unloading must be taken into account here, since with a longer period of time for the adsorption or desorption process, more carbon dioxide is not necessarily absorbed or released if the increase in enrichment or release is considered. Rather, an appropriate time or load should be selected that a enables efficient adsorption and desorption, but not necessarily 100 percent loading of the adsorbent. For example, a load of 50 percent can already have the greatest efficiency, especially considering the quasi-continuous operation, since adsorbed and desorbed are permanent.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the desorption takes place thermally, this being done via means for thermal desorption, selected from one or a combination of heat exchangers, heat exchangers in tubular form, pipes, heaters, radiant heaters, microwave radiators, waste heat recovery devices, waste heat recovery devices of a heating system and / or a block-type thermal power station and / or solar thermal arrangement and / or fuel cell arrangement, use of hot water service water and / or heating water supply means, heat pump arrangement, waste heat utilization device of an electrolysis arrangement.

The method or the device can be operated both as a stand-alone method or in conjunction with other methods.

In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in the description of figures, whereby these are intended to explain the invention and are not to be regarded as restrictive:

• eine schematische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Klimaanlagen-/Belüftungsanlagen-Kohlenstoffdioxid-Raumluft-Sammlervorrichtung in einer ersten Arbeitsstellung in seitlicher Draufsicht;
• eine schematische Darstellung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Klimaanlagen-/Belüftungsanlagen-Kohlenstoffdioxid-Raumluft-Sammlervorrichtung in einer zweiten Arbeitsstellung in seitlicher Draufsicht;
• eine schematische Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Klimaanlagen-/Belüftungsanlagen-Kohlenstoffdioxid-Raumluft-Sammlervorrichtung in der ersten Arbeitsstellung in einer Querschnittsdarstellung;
• eine schematische Darstellung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Klimaanlagen-/Belüftungsanlagen-Kohlenstoffdioxid-Raumluft-Sammlervorrichtung in der zweiten Arbeitsstellung in einer Querschnittsdarstellung und
• eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Gehäuses der erfindungsgemäßen Klimaanlagen-/Belüftungsanlagen-Kohlenstoffdioxid-Raumluft-Sammlervorrichtung entsprechend der möglichen Ausgestaltung gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiels.

Show it:

• a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collecting device according to the invention in a first working position in a side plan view;
• a schematic representation of the first embodiment of the air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collecting device according to the invention in a second working position in a side plan view;
• a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the air conditioning / ventilation system-carbon dioxide-room air collecting device according to the invention in the first working position in a cross-sectional view;
• a schematic representation of the first embodiment of the air conditioning / ventilation system-carbon dioxide-room air collecting device according to the invention in the second working position in a cross-sectional view and
• a schematic representation of an embodiment of a housing of the air conditioning / ventilation system according to the invention carbon dioxide room air collecting device corresponding to the possible configuration according to the first embodiment.

At this point, it should be pointed out that the same elements are provided with the same reference symbols. Furthermore, these embodiments are not intended to restrict the invention, but rather to explain the invention. Other variant embodiments of the method and of the device can also be implemented.

In is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collecting device 1 according to the invention in a first working position in a side plan view.

The air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide indoor air collecting device 1 has a housing 11th on, on the one hand, a room air supply 111 and on the opposite side a room air outlet 112 having.

The case 11th is divided into two areas, a first adsorption / desorption area 131 and a second adsorption / desorption area 132 . Both areas are designed in the same way. In every adsorption / desorption area 131 , 132 there are stationary adsorber volumes 151 , 152 and 153 in the first adsorption / desorption area 131 and 154 , 155 and 156 in the second adsorption / desorption area 132 . Next are on a volume partition 14th that is between the first adsorption / desorption area 131 and the second adsorption / desorption area 132 is arranged movably or displaceably, in the area of the first adsorption / desorption area 131 movable adsorber volume 161 , 162 and 163 as well as in the second adsorption / desorption area 132 164 , 165 and 166 intended. This displaceable adsorber volume can by means of the volume partition 14th in their lateral position within the respective adsorption / desorption area 131 / 132 be shifted in such a way that this comb-like into or out of the stationary adsorber volume 151 , 152 , 153 respectively. 154 , 155 , 156 can be driven.

Within the fixed adsorber volume 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 and 156 is each an adsorbent 12th provided that can adsorb carbon dioxide and can release the adsorbed carbon dioxide again by means of thermal desorption.

Next is in the fixed adsorber volume 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 and 156 a heat exchanger tube arrangement 17th provided with a fluid circulating therein, which is run during the thermal desorption with a hot fluid in the area released for desorption. For this purpose, the pipe arrangement is at least at the inlet or at the outlet 17th in the area of the housing 11th , preferably at both, ie at the inlet and at the outlet, a valve arrangement is provided which is used for distributing the hot fluid over the pipe arrangement 17th , for example a thermal oil or water. Either becomes the first adsorption / desorption area 131 or the second adsorption / desorption area 132 supplied with heat for desorption.

Next is one for each of the adsorption / desorption areas 131 respectively. 132 associated vacuum suction arrangement 181 respectively. 182 provided, which sucks off the carbon dioxide released by thermal desorption and then collects it. The vacuum suction arrangement 181 respectively. 182 is activated upon desorption.

For further optimization during the desorption process there are still air duct flaps 141 and 142 on the volume partition 14th arranged that the air, which is passed through the air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide indoor air collecting device 1 ', within the housing 11th leads. Depending on the operating mode of the individual areas 131 and 132 , there is a corresponding pivoting and thus blocking off the areas 131 respectively. 132 from the air supply. Once the volume partition 14th to change the operating mode of the adsorption / desorption area 131 and 132 is moved, there is also a pivoting of the air guide flaps 141 and 142 .

In addition, there are four desorption chamber closing flaps for further improvement 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 provided, namely two 143 , 144 in the first area and two 145 , 146 in the second area. These desorption chamber closing flaps 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 serve the space volume of the corresponding adsorption / desorption area 131 respectively. 132 to be further reduced during the thermal desorption, so that the thermal desorption becomes even more efficient.

In this working position, the adsorption / desorption area takes place on the side of the first 131 adsorbing carbon dioxide. It flows from the underside through the room air supply 111 Room air through the staggered and slightly overlapping adsorber volumes 151 , 152 , 153 , 161 , 162 , 163 with the adsorbent 12th are filled. There is carbon dioxide by means of the adsorbent 12th adsorbed. The room air, which has reduced its carbon dioxide content, is then discharged through the room air outlet 112 .

This takes place in parallel in the second adsorption / desorption area 132 the thermal desorption of the adsorbent loaded with carbon dioxide 12th . Here is the second adsorption / desorption area 132 through the air duct flaps 141 and 142 as well as the desorption chamber closing flaps 145 and 146 further reduced in size and completed in relation to the surroundings. By supplying heat via the inside of the heat exchanger pipe arrangement 17th circulating fluid takes place within, controlled by the corresponding valves, the second adsorption / desorption area 132 the desorption of carbon dioxide. Before the heat is introduced, the room air contained is sucked out of the second adsorption / desorption area 132 so that the carbon dioxide can be sucked off and collected or passed on with the introduction of heat.

After adsorption and desorption have taken place, the volume partition is moved / moved 14th towards the first adsorption / desorption area 131 and pivoting the air guide flaps 141 and 142 so that the first adsorption / desorption area 131 is prepared for desorption, since there is the carbon dioxide mixed adsorbent 12th is now to be subjected to thermal desorption. Next are the desorption flaps of both the first 143 and 144 as well as the second area 145 and 146 each pivoted into the other position, so that the first adsorption / desorption area 131 in the volume of which is reduced and the second adsorption / desorption area 132 room air can now flow through it, so that in this area 132 now the adsorption of carbon dioxide can take place.

shows a schematic representation of the first exemplary embodiment of the air conditioning / ventilation system / carbon dioxide / room air collector device 1 according to the invention in a second working position in a side plan view.

It takes place in the first adsorption / desorption area 131 Now the necessary desorption of the carbon dioxide through thermal desorption by means of the inside the heat exchanger tube arrangement 17th circulating fluid transferred heat, with the desorbed carbon dioxide via the vacuum exhaust assembly 182 is sucked off and processed further.

In is a schematic representation of the first embodiment of the air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collecting device 1 according to the invention in the first working position in a cross-sectional view.

In order to understand the mode of operation and the device, the heat supply via the heat exchanger tube arrangement is shown here 17th shown with the fluid. There is also the position of the volume partition 14th shown, in this case the volume partition 14th move to the right in such a way that the second adsorption / desorption area 132 is reduced and the first adsorption / desorption area 131 can be flowed through with room air.

Furthermore, the valves are used to control the fluid flow through the heat exchanger tube arrangement 17th and the flow of the fluid during thermal desorption is shown with arrows. The resulting carbon dioxide is removed via the vacuum extraction system 182 sucked off and processed further.

In this working position, the heat is supplied exclusively to the area of the second adsorption / desorption area 132 .

shows a schematic representation of the first exemplary embodiment of the air conditioning / ventilation system / carbon dioxide / room air collector device according to the invention in the second working position in a cross-sectional view.

Here, the desorption now takes place in the left-hand part, i.e. in the first adsorption / desorption area 131 . The valves now direct the fluid through the left part of the heat exchanger tube arrangement 17th . The volume partition 14th has also been moved to the left, so that now the first adsorption / desorption area 131 is operated in the desorption mode, with the carbon dioxide produced via the vacuum extraction system 181 is sucked off and processed further.

In the second adsorption / desorption area 132 The adsorption of carbon dioxide now takes place by means of the adsorbent 12th .

In Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a housing 11th the air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collecting device 1 according to the invention according to the possible configuration according to the first exemplary embodiment.

List of reference symbols

1

Air conditioning / ventilation carbon dioxide indoor air collection device

11th

casing

111

Indoor air supply

112

Room air discharge

12th

Adsorbent

131

first adsorption / desorption area

132

second adsorption / desorption area

14th

Volume partition

141

Air duct flap

142

Air duct flap

143

Desorption chamber closure flap, first area

144

Desorption chamber closure flap, first area

145

Desorption chamber closure flap, second area

146

Desorption chamber closure flap, second area

151

fixed adsorber volume

152

fixed adsorber volume

153

fixed adsorber volume

154

fixed adsorber volume

155

fixed adsorber volume

156

fixed adsorber volume

161

displaceable adsorber volume

162

displaceable adsorber volume

163

displaceable adsorber volume

164

displaceable adsorber volume

165

displaceable adsorber volume

166

displaceable adsorber volume

17th

Heat exchanger tube arrangement with fluid

181

Vacuum extraction arrangement

182

Vacuum extraction arrangement

Claims (11)

Air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide indoor air collecting device (1) within an air conditioning system arrangement and / or within a ventilation system arrangement with: - a housing (11) with a room air supply (111) and a room air discharge (112), - a carbon dioxide adsorber material, an adsorbent (12) within the housing (11), characterized in that - a first adsorption-desorption area (131) and - A second adsorption-desorption area (132) are provided, with - the first adsorption-desorption area (131) and the second adsorption-desorption area (132) being separated from one another by a volume partition (14) and the volume partition (14) in its lateral position is movable and the volume partition (14) in the area of the room air supply (111) and the room air discharge (112) has air guiding flaps (141, 142) and at least one each in the first (131) and in the second adsorption-desorption area (132) Fixed adsorber volume (151-153 and 154-156) with the adsorbent (12) and at least one displaceable adsorber volume (161-163 and 164-166) with the adsorbent - the at least one displaceable adsorber volume (161-163) of the first adsorption-desorption area (131) and the at least one displaceable adsorber volume (164-166) of the second adsorption-desorption area (132) on opposite sides on the common volume partition (14 ) are arranged, the volume partition (14) being displaceable in its lateral position for volume division between the first (131) and the second adsorption-desorption area (132); and - means for thermal desorption (17) of the adsorbent are provided and - a vacuum suction collection arrangement (18) is provided for carbon dioxide. Air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collector device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that desorption chamber closing flaps (143, 144, 145, 146) are provided, these (143, 144) for desorption the room volume of the first (131) or these (145, 146) for desorption reduce the volume of the space of the second adsorption-desorption region (132) by at least temporarily separating them off. Air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collector device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective adsorber volumes (151, 152, 153, 161, 162, 163 or 154, 155, 15, 164, 165, 166) in the first (131) and in the second adsorption-desorption area (132) can be arranged one above the other for desorption along the original air flow, this being realized with a time delay either in the first (131) or second adsorption-desorption area (132). Air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collector device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fan arrangement and / or a passive air line by means of an air conditioning system and / or ventilation system arrangement for introducing (111) room air into the respective incoming adsorption -Desorption area (131/132) is provided. Air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collector device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for thermal desorption (17) are selected from one or a combination of: heat exchangers, heat exchangers in tubular form (17), pipelines , Heaters, radiant heaters, microwave radiators, waste heat recovery devices, waste heat recovery devices of a heating system and / or a block-type thermal power station and / or solar thermal system and / or fuel cell system, heat pump system, waste heat recovery system of an electrolysis system. Air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide indoor air collector device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for thermal desorption (17) at least within the stationary adsorber volume (151-156) or the means for thermal desorption within the stationary (151-156) and are arranged within the displaceable adsorber volume (161-166). Air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collector device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adsorber volume (151-156 and 161-166) is designed as a lattice structure, the adsorbent (12) in spherical form within the lattice structure and / or rod and / or powder form is held. Air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collector device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two (151, 152, 154, 155) or three stationary (151-156) and two (161, 162, 164, 165 ) or three displaceable adsorber volumes (161-166) are provided in the first (131) and the second adsorption-desorption area (132). Air conditioning / ventilation systems carbon dioxide room air collection method with an air conditioning system / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collection device (1) the continuously running steps 1A and 1B, 2, 3A and 3B, 4, namely: 1A) collecting carbon dioxide by means of an adsorbent (12) in a first adsorption-desorption area (131) with at least two in their position to one another in the air flow direction in Height and offset in a lateral position arranged adsorber volume (151-153 and 161-163), for this purpose room air is passed through the first adsorption-desorption area (131); 1B) simultaneous desorption of carbon dioxide from an adsorbent (12) enriched with carbon dioxide in a second adsorption-desorption area (132) with at least two adsorber volumes (154- 156 and 164-166), wherein carbon dioxide is separated from the room air and conducted out of the second adsorption-desorption area (132) and collected by means of vacuum and by means of a heat supply in the adsorbent (12); 2) after the collection / desorption of carbon dioxide has taken place - a local displacement of the at least one adsorber volume (161-163) in the first adsorption-desorption area (131) so that the adsorber volumes (151-153 and 161-163) are aligned one above the other, and a simultaneous local displacement of the at least one adsorber volume (164-166) in the second adsorption-desorption area (132) so that the at least two adsorber volumes (154-156 and 164-166) in their position to one another in the air flow direction are arranged in height and in a lateral position aligned one above the other; 3A) Collecting carbon dioxide by means of the adsorbent (12) in the second adsorption-desorption area (132) with at least two adsorber volumes (154-156 and 164-166) arranged offset from one another in the air flow direction at the height and in a lateral position , for this purpose room air is passed through the second adsorption-desorption region (132); 3B) simultaneous desorption of carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide-enriched adsorbent (12) in the second adsorption-desorption area (132) with at least two adsorber volumes (151- 153 and 161-163), wherein carbon dioxide is separated from the room air and conducted out of the first adsorption-desorption area (131) and collected by means of vacuum and by means of heat supply into the adsorbent; 4) after the collection / desorption of carbon dioxide has taken place again - a local displacement of the at least one adsorber volume (164-166) in the second adsorption-desorption area (132) so that the adsorber volume (154- 156 and 164-166) are aligned one above the other, and a simultaneous local displacement of the at least one adsorber volume (161-163) in the first adsorption-desorption area (131) so that the at least two adsorber volumes (151-153 and 161-163) are arranged in the position of each other in the air flow direction in height and in a lateral position one above the other, wherein - in step 2) a volume reduction of the first adsorption-desorption area (131) and an increase in volume of the second adsorption-desorption area (132) and - in step 4) an increase in volume of the first adsorption-desorption region (131) and a reduction in volume of the second Adsorption-desorption area (132) takes place. Air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collection method according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the desorption takes place thermally, this being done via means for thermal desorption (17), selected from one or a combination of: heat exchanger, heat exchanger in Tubular shape (17), pipelines, heaters, radiant heaters, microwave radiators, waste heat recovery devices, waste heat recovery devices of a heating system and / or a block-type thermal power station and / or solar thermal system and / or fuel cell system, use of domestic hot water and / or heating water supply means, heat pump system, waste heat recovery device of an electrolysis system. Air conditioning / ventilation system carbon dioxide room air collection method according to one of the three preceding claims, characterized in that the room air is recirculated and / or a reduced proportion of fresh air is added when the room air supplied is recirculated.

Images