DE102020109870A1 - Battery assembly and method of operating a battery assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

Battery arrangement (1), at least comprising
• a housing (2) and arranged therein
• at least one first module (3) with at least one first cell (4) and one second module (5) with at least one second cell (6); wherein the modules (3, 5) are arranged so that they are each supported on the housing (2) and a change in volume (7, 8) depending on the energy content of each cell (4, 6) takes place in a common first direction (9) ; wherein the battery arrangement (1) additionally has a compensation plate (10) which controls an energy content of the modules (3, 5) so that a first change in volume (7) of the first module (3) is caused by a second change in volume (8) of the second module (5) is at least partially compensable.
Method for operating a battery arrangement (1).

Description

The invention relates to a battery arrangement and a method for operating a battery arrangement. The battery arrangement comprises a housing and arranged therein at least one first module with at least one first cell and one second module with at least one second cell.

A cell is a power storage device that z. B. is used in a motor vehicle for storing electrical energy. In particular, z. B. a motor vehicle on an electrical machine for driving the motor vehicle, wherein the electrical machine can be driven by the electrical energy stored in the cell.

There are z. B. cells with liquid or solid electrolytes (solid-state accumulator) are known.

In particular, a module comprises one or a plurality of cells which are electrically connected in series or in parallel with one another. Individual modules can be connected electrically in series or in parallel with one another. In the present case, a battery comprises at least a first module and a second module.

The cells of a battery change their volume during charging and discharging and / or as a result of aging over the service life. The operating characteristics of lithium-ion pouch cells depend, for example, on the external conditions, due to their low mechanical stability. The external pressure on the cells is a decisive factor for the performance, service life and structural stability of a battery or a module of a battery.

A technical challenge, especially with solid batteries, especially with lithium-ion accumulators, is to take into account the change in volume of the anode. When the cell is discharged, there is a very small amount of lithium on the anode, and when the cell is charged, there is a very large amount. With certain anode materials, the difference in volume can amount to up to approx. 30% change in volume between the charged and discharged state.

A tensioned arrangement of the cells in a housing at any point in time is preferred in order to e.g. B. to prevent mechanical damage to the cells by a relative movement with respect to the housing. However, it must be ensured that the preload does not exceed a limit value.

In particular, when a battery is in operation, the change in volume is to be leveled out or compensated for. For this purpose, the use of pressure mats or the tensioning of the cells in the modules of a battery via the screw connection of the end plates of the modules is known.

All previously known systems have to be readjusted when unloading while a motor vehicle is in operation. The outlay on equipment to compensate for the change in volume can be very costly and error-prone. In particular, suitable elastic elements or z. B. hydraulic equipment can be provided.

From the DE 10 2018 006 424 A1 a cell stack of storage cells for an energy store is known, which are braced with one another along the stacking direction. A compression element is arranged between the storage cells and is designed to be compressible to compensate for the increase in volume of the storage cells.

It is the object of the present invention to at least partially solve the problems cited with reference to the prior art. In particular, a battery arrangement and a method for operating a battery arrangement are to be proposed which enable the change in volume to be compensated. It should also be possible to reliably compensate for large changes in volume. Costs and assembly work are to be kept as low as possible.

A battery arrangement with the features according to patent claim 1 and a method for operating a battery arrangement with the features according to patent claim 6 contribute to achieving these objects. Advantageous further developments are the subject of the dependent claims. The features listed individually in the patent claims can be combined with one another in a technologically sensible manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and / or details from the figures, with further design variants of the invention being shown.

• • ein Gehäuse und darin angeordnet
• • zumindest ein erstes Modul mit mindestens einer ersten Zelle sowie ein zweites Modul mit mindestens einer zweiten Zelle.

A battery arrangement is proposed, at least comprehensively

• • a housing and arranged therein
• • at least a first module with at least one first cell and a second module with at least one second cell.

The modules are arranged in such a way that they are each supported on the housing and a change in volume, which is dependent on the energy content of each cell, takes place in a common first direction. The battery arrangement also has a compensation plate that controls the energy content of the modules in such a way that a first change in volume of the first module can be at least partially, but in particular completely, compensated for by a second change in volume of the second module.

In particular, a module comprises one or a plurality of cells which are electrically connected in series or in parallel with one another. Individual modules can be connected electrically in series or in parallel with one another. In the present case, a battery comprises at least a first module and a second module.

The housing encloses at least the first module and the second module and is designed in particular to be solid, that is to say non-deformable.

The modules are supported on the housing, possibly via other modules or other components that may be movably arranged in the housing.

Depending on the energy content stored in it, each cell has a certain volume, which is between a low volume with a low energy content or low SOC (state-of-charge) and a low volume with a high energy content or high SOC, large volume changes. The change in volume takes place in particular essentially in the area of the at least one anode of the cells. The anode, e.g. B. consisting of graphite or a metal, or in the case of a lithium-ion battery made of metallic lithium, changes its volume through the intercalation of the lithium ions or the deposition of pure metallic lithium.

The anode is particularly flat and extends with the surface transversely to the first direction and along the first direction over a thickness. The change in volume has an effect in particular essentially in the first direction, i. H. the degree of the thickness changes depending on the anode material. The change in volume can be between 6 and 30% depending on the anode material used. In terms of the cell, this means that the cells can have a volume change between 5 and 27%.

It is proposed here in particular that the at least one first cell is used as an energy storage cell. So this should be energy, e.g. B. to drive a traction drive of a motor vehicle, stockpile and can deliver to the environment of the battery arrangement.

The at least one second cell is used in particular as a control cell which is used essentially to compensate for the change in volume of the energy storage cell.

In particular, a combination of first cells, e.g. B. Li-ion cells, for energy storage with second cells, z. B. Li-ion cells, for control
the tension and the change in volume proposed.

In particular, energy cells (first cells) and associated control cells (second cells) are accommodated together in one housing. The cells are oriented in such a way that they are each supported on the housing and realize their opposite change in volume along a common direction of force, in this case along the first direction.

In particular, when the energy cells are fully charged, the control cells are discharged. During the subsequent discharge process of the energy cells, part of the energy of the energy cells is used to charge the control cells, so that the change in volume of the cells is mutually compensated. In particular, energy and control cells are matched to one another in terms of their properties.

In particular, several layers of first cells are combined with fewer layers or only one layer of second cells, with several control cells also being able to be arranged next to one another, that is to say transversely to the first direction, in one layer or in the fewer layers of the second cells. The ratio of the change in volume or thickness x as a function of the energy content or the state of charge should be designed in such a way that: x _E = n * x _n ; with
n = number of layers of energy cells;
x _n = maximum change in thickness of a single energy cell;
x _E = maximum change in thickness of the control cell.

The energy for charging the control cells is provided by the compensation unit (in particular a DC-DC converter) and loaded into the control cells.

During the charging process, the energy cells are supplied with energy from the vicinity of the battery arrangement, e.g. B. charged by the drive from a charger or from recuperation during braking energy recovery or downhill travel. The change in volume of the energy cells is compensated for by discharging the control cells, since the energy is transferred from the control cells to the energy cells. A very high degree of efficiency can thus be achieved in the compensation.

In particular, a plurality of modules are interconnected in the battery, it being possible for both the first cells and the second cells to be connected in series in each case. First cells and second cells can also be arranged in parallel in the module itself.

If several cells are arranged next to one another along the first direction and connected in series and thus form a module, an electric current of the same size flows through each cell. If further cells connected in series are arranged as a further module along the first direction next to the other module and these modules are connected in parallel with one another, a corresponding current can be discharged from each module. A greater change in volume can thus take place per unit of time than if all cells which are arranged next to one another along the first direction were connected in series with one another.

If several second cells are arranged next to one another along a direction extending transversely to the first direction, these second cells can in particular be operated independently of one another via the compensation plate, so that any inhomogeneity in the bracing of the modules can be compensated for in a targeted manner.

In particular, during the change in the state of charge of the control cells and thus the setting of the thickness and bias of the modules in the housing, the control cells, that is to say the second cells, are charged or discharged via the compensation plate.

It is therefore proposed here to compensate for the change in volume of first cells, which are used in the present case as energy cells, through the inverse operation of second cells, which are operated as control cells. This can compensate for the change in volume without mechanical components such. B. springs, elastically or plastically deformable elements, hydraulic components, etc., take place. In the present case, the compensation is realized exclusively through chemical processes, i.e. through the reversible arrangement and removal of the ions in or from the anode material. The volume change can be compensated with a high degree of efficiency.

In particular, the at least one first cell extends transversely to the first direction over a first area and the at least one second cell extends transversely to the first direction over a second area. The first area is larger than the second area, in particular by a factor of at least 2, preferably at least 4, particularly preferably at least 10.

In particular, the at least one second cell has a greater number of layers of the anode material, so that a change in the energy content of the second cell has a greater change in volume of the second cell in the first direction, i.e. in particular a greater change in thickness, compared to the first cell. The number of layers differs in particular by a factor of at least 2, preferably at least 4, particularly preferably at least 10.

In particular, a maximum first energy content of the first module is at least a factor of 4, preferably at least a factor 10, particularly preferably at least a factor 90, greater than a maximum second energy content of the second module. This means that the energy content of the energy cells is significantly greater than the energy content of the control cells combined with them.

In particular, between the at least one first module and the at least one second module there is arranged a plate which can be displaced along the first direction relative to the housing and which transmits a force generated by the at least one module as a result of the respective change in volume or thickness to the at least one other module.

In particular, the plate is designed to be flat transversely to the first direction and separates the at least one first module from the at least one second module. In particular, a plurality of second cells are arranged next to one another on one side of the plate, so that each of the second cells arranged next to one another makes contact with the plate. In particular, the second cells are arranged at least partially at a distance from one another. In particular, the plate is designed to be so stiff that a support present only at points on the individual second cells with respect to the at least one first module enables a uniform distribution of the force transmitted between the modules.

In particular, the at least one first cell and the at least one second cell have mutually different anode materials which, depending on an energy content, have mutually different changes in volume or changes in thickness.

In particular, the at least one second cell has an anode material with a significantly larger change in volume as a function of an energy content or a state of charge. In this way, a small amount of energy on the part of the at least one second cell can cause a large second change in volume along the first direction. A first change in volume or change in thickness on the part of the at least one first cell, which is caused by the loading or unloading with a significantly larger amount of energy, can thus be compensated for.

In particular, the second cells are to be designed or implemented in such a way that a small amount of energy causes the greatest possible change in volume along the first direction, that is to say in particular the greatest possible change in thickness. Thus, while the at least one first cell is being discharged, only a small amount of energy has to be transferred to the at least one first cell for charging the at least one second cell via the compensation plate. The first cells should be selected primarily with a view to their suitability for the intended use.

In particular, the first cells are designed or implemented in such a way that a large amount of energy causes the smallest possible change in volume or change in thickness along the first direction.

• • ein Gehäuse und darin angeordnet
• • zumindest ein erstes Modul mit mindestens einer ersten Zelle sowie ein zweites Modul mit mindestens einer zweiten Zelle.

A method for operating a battery arrangement is also proposed, in particular for operating the battery arrangement described. The battery assembly includes at least

• • a housing and arranged therein
• • at least a first module with at least one first cell and a second module with at least one second cell.

1. a) Steuerung eines Energieinhalts bzw. Ladezustands der Module bzw. der Zellen durch den Kompensationssteller, so dass eine erste Volumenänderung des ersten Moduls durch eine zweite Volumenänderung des zweiten Moduls zumindest teilweise kompensierbar ist.

The modules are arranged in such a way that they are each supported on the housing and a change in volume, which is dependent on the energy content of each cell, takes place in a common first direction. The battery arrangement also has a compensation plate. The method comprises at least the following step:

1. a) Control of an energy content or state of charge of the modules or the cells by the compensation plate, so that a first change in volume of the first module can be at least partially compensated for by a second change in volume of the second module.

In particular, when the at least one first cell is discharged and a first energy content of the at least one first cell is discharged to the surroundings of the battery arrangement, e.g. B. to drive a traction drive of a motor vehicle, the at least one second cell charged by the first energy content via the compensation plate.

In particular, when charging the at least one first cell and supplying energy from an environment of the battery arrangement, e.g. B. from a charger or from recuperation during braking energy recovery or downhill travel by the drive, the at least one first cell is additionally charged by a second energy content of the at least one second cell via the compensation plate.

In particular, the modules are arranged in the housing with a minimum pre-tension in relation to the first direction, this minimum pre-tension being at least maintained during operation of the battery arrangement.

In particular, the modules have a minimal energy content for an assembly of the battery arrangement, wherein after the assembly of the battery arrangement a minimum bias of the modules relative to the first direction is set by at least partial loading of at least one of the modules. In particular, this minimum bias is at least maintained during operation of the battery arrangement.

After the cells have been assembled to form the battery arrangement, the bias voltage can be adjusted by charging the at least one second cell. When assembling the battery arrangement, the at least one second cell is relatively discharged, e.g. B. SOC = 0%, with the second cell on z. B. 10% SOC is charged. With the change in volume or change in thickness of the at least one second cell that occurs in the process, the prestress or the minimum prestress is set.

During operation, the state of charge of the at least one second cell in particular never falls below this lower initial state of charge (here: 10% SOC). A permanent minimum pre-tensioning force is thus achieved.

In particular, the energy content of the modules is controlled continuously, so that a force acting between the modules can be set continuously. In particular, the force is set to the predetermined minimum bias. This can be different for a discharging process and a charging process of the at least one first cell. In particular, the minimum bias for a charging process is lower than for a discharging process, so that exceeding the minimum bias can be safely ruled out.

In particular, by controlling the energy content, a force acting between the modules during operation of the battery arrangement is set in such a way that it fluctuates by a maximum of 20%, that is to say, starting from a maximum amount, drops by a maximum of 20% of the maximum amount. In particular, a fluctuation is limited to a maximum of 10%, preferably to a maximum of 5%.

In particular, the force acting between the modules can be monitored by sensors, e.g. B. by piezo sensors or other pressure sensors. This current effective force is taken into account in particular when controlling the energy content.

In particular, a separate compensation plate is provided for each module. Alternatively, a separate compensation plate can be provided for each of the second cells.

The battery arrangement comprises, in particular, a control device that is equipped, configured or programmed to carry out the described method, that is to say to control the energy content of the modules.

Furthermore, the method can also be carried out by a computer or with a processor of a control unit

Accordingly, a system for data processing is also proposed which comprises a processor which is adapted / configured in such a way that it carries out the method.

A computer-readable storage medium can be provided which comprises instructions which, when executed by a computer / processor, cause the latter to carry out the method.

The statements relating to the method can in particular be transferred to the battery arrangement and / or the computer-implemented method (that is to say the computer or the processor, the data processing system, the computer-readable storage medium) and vice versa.

The use of indefinite articles (“a”, “an”, “an” and “an”), especially in the patent claims and the description reproducing them, is to be understood as such and not as a numerical word. The terms or components introduced in this way are therefore to be understood in such a way that they are present at least once and, in particular, can also be present several times.

As a precaution, it should be noted that the numerals used here (“first”, “second”, ...) primarily (only) serve to distinguish between several similar objects, sizes or processes, so in particular no dependency and / or sequence of these objects, sizes or prescribe processes to each other. Should a dependency and / or sequence be required, this is explicitly stated here or it is obvious to the person skilled in the art when studying the specifically described embodiment. If a component can occur several times (“at least one”), the description of one of these components can apply equally to all or part of the majority of these components, but this is not mandatory.

• 1: eine Batterieanordnung in einer Draufsicht im Schnitt;
• 2: ein Diagramm; und
• 3: eine Schaltung einer Batterieanordnung.

The invention and the technical environment are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying figures. It should be pointed out that the invention is not intended to be restricted by the exemplary embodiments cited. In particular, unless explicitly stated otherwise, it is also possible to extract partial aspects of the facts explained in the figures and to combine them with other components and findings from the present description. In particular, it should be pointed out that the figures and in particular the size relationships shown are only schematic. Show it:

• 1 : a battery arrangement in a plan view in section;
• 2 : a diagram; and
• 3 : a circuit of a battery arrangement.

the 1 shows a battery assembly 1 in a plan view in section. The battery arrangement 1 includes a housing 2 and disposed therein a first module 3 with a large number of first cells 4th as well as a second module 5 with a multitude of second cells 6th . The modules 3 , 5 are arranged so that they are attached to the housing 2 and one of the energy content of each cell 4th , 6th dependent volume change 7th , 8th in a common first direction 9 he follows. The battery arrangement 1 additionally has a compensation plate 10 (please refer 3 ), the one energy content of the modules 3 , 5 so that controls a first change in volume 7th of the first module 3 by a second change in volume 8th of the second module 5 is at least partially compensable.

One module 3 , 5 comprises a plurality of cells 4th , 6th that are electrically connected in series and / or in parallel with one another. Individual modules 3 , 5 can be connected electrically in series or in parallel with each other. A battery arrangement 1 presently comprises a first module 3 and a second module 5 .

The case 2 encloses the first module 3 and the second module 5 and is made solid, i.e. not deformable. The modules 3 , 5 are supported on the housing 2 away.

Every cell 4th , 6th has a certain volume depending on an energy content stored in it, which is between a low volume with a low energy content or low SOC (state-of-charge) and a low volume with a high energy content or high SOC, large volume changed. The change in volume 7th , 8th takes place in particular essentially in the area of the at least one anode of the cells 4th , 6th instead of.

The anode or the anode material 15th is flat and extends with the surface transversely to the first direction 9 and along the first direction 9 over a thickness. The change in volume 7th , 8th or change in thickness acts essentially in the first direction 9 off, ie the degree of the thickness changes depending on the anode material 15th .

A compensation for the first change in volume 7th from first cells 4th , which are used as energy cells in the present case, takes place through the inverse operation of second cells 6th that are operated as control cells, and their second change in volume 8th .

The first cells 4th extend transversely to the first direction 9 over a first area 11 (here parallel to the drawing area and at right angles to the drawing area) and the second cells 6th across the first direction 9 over a second surface 12th . The first surface 11 is larger than the second area 12th , here by about a factor 4th (only in relation to the direction parallel to the drawing surface).

Between the first module 3 and the second module 5 is one opposite the case 2 along the first direction 9 relocatable plate 13th arranged, the one through a module 3 , 5 as a result of the respective change in volume 7th , 8th generated force 14th on the other module 5 , 3 transmits.

The plate 13th is transverse to the first direction 9 executed flat and separates the first module 3 from the second module 5 . There are several second cells 6th on one side of the plate 13th arranged side by side, so that each of the side by side arranged second cells 6th the plate 13th contacted. The second cells 6th are arranged at a distance from one another. The plate 13th is designed so stiff that one is only selectively attached to the individual second cells 6th present support against the first module 3 an even distribution of the between the modules 3 , 5 transmitting force 14th enables.

2 shows a diagram. On the remarks too 1 is referred. On the vertical axis are the volume changes 7th , 8th and the corresponding changes in the thickness of the cells 4th , 6th applied. The first state of charge is on the horizontal axis 21 (SOC) of the first cell 4th and the second state of charge 22nd the second cell 6th applied.

The second cells 6th are designed or executed in such a way that a small amount of energy results in a second change in volume that is as large as possible 8th along the first direction 9 evokes. This means that during the discharge of the at least one first cell 4th , only a small amount of energy from the at least one first cell 4th for loading the at least one second cell 6th via the compensation plate 10 be transmitted. The first cells 4th are to be selected primarily with a view to their suitability for the intended use. The first cells 4th are also designed or executed in such a way that a large amount of energy results in the smallest possible first change in volume 7th along the first direction 9 evokes.

When the first cells 4th are fully charged are the second cells 6th unload. During the subsequent discharge of the first cells 4th becomes part of the energy of the first cells 4th to load the second cells 6th used so that the volume change 7th , 8th of cells 4th , 6th is mutually compensated. The ratio of the change in volume or thickness x as a function of the energy content or the state of charge should be designed in such a way that: x _E = n * x _n ;
with
n = number of layers of first cells 4th ;
x _n = maximum change in thickness of a single first cell 4th ;
x _E = maximum change in thickness of the second cell 6th .

Here are the history of the volume change 7th , 8th for each cell 4th , 6th shown. Starting from a position of the thickness with minimal SOC 20th for each cell 4th , 6th the volume of the respective cell changes 4th , 6th depending on your SOC. The change in volume 7th , 8th expresses itself primarily through a change in the thickness of the respective cell 4th , 6th . At an initial charge level 21 The first cell assigns (SOC) 100% 4th a maximum first thickness 18th on. With a second state of charge 22nd the second cell indicates 100% 6th a maximum second thickness 19th on. It can be seen that the maximum second thickness 19th a multiple of the maximum first thickness 18th is so that by a second change in volume 8th the one second cell 6th a first change in volume 7th a plurality of first cells 4th can be compensated.

3 shows a circuit of a battery assembly 1 . On the remarks too 1 and 2 is referred.

The battery arrangement 1 includes a control unit 17th that to carry out the method described, that is, to control the energy content of the modules 3 , 5 equipped, configured or programmed. The control unit 17th communicates with the motor vehicle 23 . The energy content of the first cells 4th that is in a first module 3 are grouped together, can be attached to an environment 16 be discharged.

The energy to charge the second cells 6th that is in the second module 5 are summarized by the compensation plate 10 (a DC-DC converter) is provided and into the second cells 6th loaded.

When charging, the first cells 4th by supplying energy from the environment 16 the battery assembly 1 , e.g. B. from a charger or from recuperation during braking energy recovery or downhill travel by the drive of the motor vehicle 23 loaded. The first change in volume of the first cells 4th This is done by discharging the second cells 6th compensated because it uses the energy from the second cells 6th in the first cells 4th is transmitted.

In the battery arrangement 1 are several modules 3 , 5 interconnected, both the first cells 4th as well as the second cells 6th are connected in series and in parallel.

When changing the first charge level 21 of the first cells 4th and thus the adjustment of the thickness and preload of the modules 3 , 5 in the case 2 become the control cells, i.e. the second cells 6th , via the compensation plate 10 charged or discharged and thus their second state of charge 22nd set.

List of reference symbols

1

Battery arrangement

2

casing

3

first module

4th

first cell

5

second module

6th

second cell

7th

first change in volume

8th

second change in volume

9

first direction

10

Compensation plate

11

first surface

12th

second face

13th

plate

14th

force

15th

Anode material

16

Surroundings

17th

Control unit

18th

maximum first thickness

19th

maximum second thickness

20th

Layer thickness with minimum SOC

21

first state of charge

22nd

second state of charge

23

Motor vehicle

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102018006424 A1 [0010]

Claims (10)

Battery arrangement (1), at least comprising • a housing (2) and arranged therein • at least one first module (3) with at least one first cell (4) and one second module (5) with at least one second cell (6); wherein the modules (3, 5) are arranged so that they are each supported on the housing (2) and a change in volume (7, 8) depending on the energy content of each cell (4, 6) takes place in a common first direction (9) ; wherein the battery arrangement (1) additionally has a compensation plate (10) which controls an energy content of the modules (3, 5) so that a first change in volume (7) of the first module (3) is caused by a second change in volume (8) of the second module (5) is at least partially compensable. Battery arrangement (1) according to Claim 1 wherein the at least one first cell (4) extends transversely to the first direction (9) over a first surface (11) and the at least one second cell (6) extends over a second surface (12), wherein the first surface (11) is larger than the second surface (12). Battery arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a maximum first energy content of the first module (3) is at least a factor of 4 greater than a maximum second energy content of the second module (5). Battery arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between the at least one first module (3) and the at least one second module (5) there is arranged a plate (13) which can be displaced relative to the housing (2) along the first direction (9) which transmits a force (14) generated by the at least one module (3, 5) as a result of the respective change in volume (7, 8) to the at least one other module (5, 3). Battery arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one first cell (4) and the at least one second cell (6) have mutually different anode materials (15) which, depending on an energy content, have different volume changes (7, 8) exhibit. Method for operating a battery arrangement (1), the battery arrangement (1) at least • a housing (2) and arranged therein • at least one first module (3) with at least one first cell (4) and one second module (5) with at least one second cell (6); includes; wherein the modules (3, 5) are arranged so that they are each supported on the housing (2) and a change in volume (7, 8) depending on the energy content of each cell (4, 6) takes place in a common first direction (9) ; wherein the battery arrangement (1) additionally has a compensation plate (10); wherein the method comprises at least the following step: a) Control of the energy content of the modules (3, 5) by the compensation plate (10), so that a first change in volume (7) of the first module (3) can at least partially be compensated for by a second change in volume (8) of the second module (5) . Procedure according to Claim 6 , wherein when the at least one first cell (4) is discharged and a first energy content of the at least one first cell (4) is discharged to an environment (16) of the battery arrangement (1), the at least one second cell (6) via the compensation plate ( 10) is charged by the first energy content. Method according to one of the preceding Claims 6 and 7th , wherein when the at least one first cell (4) is charged and energy is supplied from an environment (16) of the battery arrangement (1), the at least one first cell (4) via the compensation plate (10) additionally through a second energy content of the second Cell (6) is charged. Method according to one of the preceding Claims 6 until 8th wherein the modules (3, 5) are arranged in the housing (2) with a minimum bias relative to the first direction (9), this minimum bias being at least maintained during operation of the battery arrangement (1). Method according to one of the preceding Claims 6 until 9 wherein the modules (3, 5) have a minimum energy content for an assembly of the battery arrangement (1); after assembly, by at least partially loading at least one of the modules (3, 5), a minimum bias of the modules (3, 5) relative to the first direction (9) is set.

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