DE102020104293A1 - Method and system for coordinated route and drive strategy determination for a hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for coordinated route and drive strategy determination for a hybrid vehicle, comprising the steps of: detecting a route request and at least one predetermined route criterion by means of a navigation device; Determination of a route by means of the navigation device on the basis of input data provided, the route fulfilling the route criterion as best as possible in compliance with the boundary condition that route sections leading through zones with more stringent emission specifications can be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle; Transmission of route data to a drive control device of the hybrid vehicle, which characterize a speed and height profile of the route as well as the position and length of the route sections possibly leading through the zones; Determination of a drive strategy that complies with the boundary condition for traveling on the route by means of the drive control device on the basis of the route data. The invention also relates to a system for carrying out such a method and a hybrid vehicle which has at least part of the system.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a system for coordinated route and drive strategy determination for a hybrid vehicle. The invention also relates to a hybrid vehicle which has at least part of such a system.

It is known per se that a drive strategy for a hybrid vehicle can be optimized for a known or already determined route in order, for example, to generate minimal travel costs, to minimize CO2 emissions or, for example, to enable the longest possible electric driving in certain areas. Such a procedure is shown, for example, by the DE 10 2013 016 569 A1 . Depending on an entered destination, a route to reach the destination is first determined. The route is then broken down into individual sections. A drive strategy or an operating mode is then specified for each route section in order to meet an optimal value with regard to at least one target value per route section and thus to minimize CO2 emissions overall, for example along the entire route, or, for example, to enable the longest possible electric driving.

The object of the present invention is to provide a solution by means of which the determination of a route and the determination of a drive strategy for a hybrid vehicle can be coordinated particularly well with one another.

This object is achieved by a method and by a device for coordinated route and drive strategy determination with the features of the independent claims. Further possible embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

In the method according to the invention for coordinated route and drive strategy determination for a hybrid vehicle, a route request from a starting point to a destination and at least one predetermined route criterion are first recorded by means of a navigation device. For example, a driver of the hybrid vehicle can make this route request because he wants to be navigated from said starting point to said destination. It is possible that the driver specifies a route criterion or also several route criteria, for example that he wants to reach the destination as quickly as possible, by the shortest route or in a particularly energy-efficient manner. Furthermore, the driver can also specify, for example, that toll roads, motorways or certain areas should be avoided. If the driver does not specify anything manually, certain standard specifications with regard to the route criteria can be adopted.

Furthermore, the following input data are provided: vehicle data that characterize a consumption behavior of an electric drive machine and a charging behavior of a traction battery of the hybrid vehicle while driving, as well as a charging state of the traction battery; Map data for a map area including the starting point and the destination; Zone data that characterize a respective location and size of zones with more stringent emission specifications, at least for the map area. When requesting a route, in addition to location, destination and route criteria, certain drive information is also provided in the form of vehicle data, among other things. The map data relate to a sensibly selected map area that includes the starting point and the destination. Based on the zone data provided, it can be seen, at least for the selected map area, where zones with more stringent emission specifications are located and how large they are. These zones with more stringent emission requirements can be environmental zones and / or zones in which the operation of an internal combustion engine is prohibited. An environmental zone can in particular be a geographically defined area, usually in urban agglomerations, in which the operation of motor vehicles that are not labeled as low-pollutant is prohibited, which is intended, among other things, to improve the local air quality. The zones can also be so-called zero-emission zones in which operation of an internal combustion engine is prohibited.

On the basis of the input data provided, i.e. the vehicle data, the map data and the zone data, the navigation device determines a route that best meets the at least one specified route criterion while complying with the boundary conditions that may lead through the zone with more stringent emission specifications Route sections can be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle. When the route is determined, the boundary condition is therefore taken into account and adhered to, that the route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications can be driven purely electrically, i.e. emission-free. The navigation device therefore uses the input data provided to carry out a type of boundary observation. Knowing the route and road network within the relevant map area and knowing the zone data as well as the vehicle data, the navigation device checks in the course of the route determination which potentially possible routes would make it possible to route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications purely electrically by means of the Hybrid vehicle to drive on.

For example, the navigation device can determine, among other things, how a charging status of the traction battery will change if route sections leading outside the zones with the more stringent emission standards are used to charge the traction battery of the hybrid vehicle while driving. During route finding or route determination, based on the vehicle data, the map data and the zone data, the navigation device can determine what state of charge the traction battery can achieve by uploading while driving, if, for example, all route sections that do not lead through said zones are used to upload the traction battery.

In the method according to the invention, the navigation device thus determines a route from the outset which, when traveling, the hybrid vehicle can also cover the route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications in a purely electric manner. In addition, when the route is determined by the navigation device, route criteria specified by a driver are also taken into account, for example, that the shortest possible route is to be calculated.

After the navigation device has determined the route which, on the one hand, meets the at least one predetermined route criterion as best as possible and, on the other hand, ensures that route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications can be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle, route data belonging to the determined route is sent to a drive control unit of the hybrid vehicle transmitted. These route data include at least a speed profile and an elevation profile of the determined route as well as data which characterize the position and length of the route sections possibly leading through the zones. The drive control unit of the hybrid vehicle then uses the transmitted route data to determine a drive strategy for driving the route in such a way that the boundary condition is met, if necessary, route sections leading through the zone with more stringent emission specifications can be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle.

Using the method according to the invention, it can thus be ensured that the navigation device from the outset only determines and selects a route that ensures that route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications can actually be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle. The invention is based, inter alia, on the knowledge that the route determination and the drive strategy determination are usually carried out by means of different control devices or data processing devices. If one were not to proceed as with the method according to the invention, it could happen that first a route is determined that meets predetermined route criteria, but in which it cannot be ensured that route sections leading through zones with more stringent emission specifications are actually purely electrically by means of the Hybrid vehicle can be driven. For example, it could happen that a route that has been determined is initially shown to a driver of the hybrid vehicle on a display, but this has to be discarded again if it is determined that route sections leading through zones with more stringent emission standards cannot be driven purely electrically by the hybrid vehicle .

This problem is excluded from the outset by means of the method according to the invention. In the course of determining the route by means of the navigation device, it is already taken into account how the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine and the charging behavior of the traction battery of the hybrid vehicle are in driving mode, with the charging status of the traction battery also being taken into account. Taking into account this vehicle data and the additional input data provided in the form of map data and zone data, it is possible from the outset that the navigation device only determines and suggests a route in which the at least one predetermined route criterion is fulfilled as best as possible while adhering to the boundary condition that if necessary Route sections leading through the zones with stricter emission standards can actually be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle.

When determining the route, the navigation device can therefore use the vehicle data to determine the maximum charge level the traction battery can have if, for example, a zone has to be driven through in which operation of the internal combustion engine is prohibited, whereby the destination can be in this zone. If the navigation device determines in the course of route determination that a certain route is not at all suitable for charging the traction battery while driving to such an extent that this zone can also be driven purely electrically until the destination is reached, the discards Navigation device this route and determines an alternative route and then again checks whether it is possible for this alternative route, ensure that route sections leading through zones with stricter emission standards can be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle. Only when the navigation device has determined a route on the basis of the input data provided that fulfills the route criterion as best as possible while complying with the boundary condition that route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications can be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle, this route is actually selected and used as the determined route to be traveled.

For the route now selected, the navigation device transmits said route data to a drive control unit of the hybrid vehicle, the route data including at least a speed and height profile of the selected route and data which characterize the location and length of the route sections possibly leading through the zones. In particular, it can be provided that the navigation device has no access to the drive strategy. On the basis of the transmitted route data, the drive control device can, for example, carry out an efficiency optimization in order to determine a particularly efficient drive strategy for driving the route, in which it is ensured in any case that said boundary conditions are met, i.e. route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications are electrically drivable by means of the hybrid vehicle. In other words, as soon as the route to be traveled is established, the drive control device can, for example, calculate and implement the most efficient drive strategy, by means of which it can be ensured that route sections leading through the said zones with more stringent emission specifications can be driven purely electrically.

The vehicle data, which characterize the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine and the charging behavior of the traction battery when driving, as well as the charging status of the traction battery, can be stored in a vehicle-internal memory, for example, and made available if necessary. The map data can be stored, for example, in a memory of the navigation device. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible that the map data can be called up online by means of the navigation device, for example via a server device or a backend. The zone data, which characterize the position and size of the thus tightened emission specifications, can also be stored in a memory of the navigation device and / or called up by means of the navigation device from a backend or a server device external to the vehicle. Using this input data provided, an optimized route and drive strategy determination for a hybrid vehicle can be carried out by means of the navigation device and by means of the drive control device.

1. a) ein Routenvorschlag ermittelt wird, der das wenigstens eine Routenkriterium am besten erfüllt;
2. b) eine im Fahrbetrieb maximal mögliche Energieaufnahme der Traktionsbatterie ermittelt wird, die entlang von nicht durch die Zonen verlaufenden Streckenabschnitten des Routenvorschlags erzielbar ist;
3. c) ein erforderlicher Energiebedarf zum rein elektrischen Befahren der durch die Zonen führenden Streckenabschnitte des Routenvorschlags ermittelt wird;
4. d) Anhand der ermittelten Energieaufnahme, des Energiebedarfs und des Ladezustands der Traktionsbatterie überprüft wird, ob die durch die Zonen führenden Streckenabschnitte rein elektrisch befahrbar sind;
5. e) wenn die Überprüfung in Schritt d) positiv ist, wird der ermittelte Routenvorschlag als die Route ausgewählt;
6. f) wenn die Überprüfung in Schritt d) negativ ist, wird eine weiterer Routenvorschlag ermittelt, der das Routenkriterium am nächstbesten erfüllt, wonach die Schritte b) bis d) für den weiteren Routenvorschlag durchlaufen werden.

One possible embodiment of the invention provides that the route is determined by means of the navigation device by performing the following steps:

1. a) a route proposal is determined which best meets the at least one route criterion;
2. b) a maximum possible energy consumption of the traction battery during driving is determined, which can be achieved along route sections of the suggested route that do not run through the zones;
3. c) a required energy requirement for purely electrical driving on the route sections of the route proposal leading through the zones is determined;
4. d) On the basis of the determined energy consumption, the energy requirement and the state of charge of the traction battery, it is checked whether the route sections leading through the zones can be driven purely electrically;
5. e) if the check in step d) is positive, the suggested route is selected as the route;
6. f) if the check in step d) is negative, a further route proposal is determined which fulfills the route criterion next best, after which steps b) to d) are run through for the further route proposal.

In other words, in the course of determining the route, the navigation device can run through a type of loop. The navigation device can first determine a route proposal that best meets the at least one predefined route criterion, for example selecting the fastest possible or shortest possible route from the starting point to the destination. For this initial route proposal, the maximum possible energy consumption of the traction battery is then determined while driving, specifically for those route sections of the route proposal that do not lead through zones with more stringent emission conditions. A kind of boundary observation is carried out here, in that it is determined to what extent the traction battery could be charged while driving along those route sections or route sections of the route proposal that do not lead through zones with more stringent emission standards. Under the maximum possible energy consumption of the traction battery while driving, in particular the maximum possible energy consumption that can be achieved while complying with certain noise and efficiency specifications. It is therefore preferably not the technically maximum possible energy consumption, but the maximum energy consumption that is then possible in compliance with certain sensible specifications.

Furthermore, a necessary energy requirement for electrically driving the route sections of the route proposal leading through the zones is determined. Then, based on the determined maximum possible energy consumption of the traction battery, the required energy requirement for purely electric driving in the zones and the charge level of the traction battery, it is checked whether the route sections of the route proposal leading through the zones are purely electrically drivable at all. In the course of this review, a certain safety buffer can be provided, for example. For example, it can be provided that the traction battery still has to have a certain energy content, that is to say SoC, after the energy requirement required for purely electrical driving in the zones has been made available. This buffer can, for example, be stored as a standard value. It is also possible to query this buffer from the driver so that he can set this buffer to suit his level of security.

If this check turns out positive, the suggested route is selected as the route. So if it is clear that it can be ensured for the route proposal that, if necessary, routes or route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission requirements can actually be driven purely electrically, then this route proposal is adopted as the route.

If, however, it is found in the course of the check that the route sections or route sections of the route proposal in question leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications cannot be driven purely electrically, a further route proposal is determined which most closely meets the at least one predetermined route criterion. If the driver has specified, for example, that he would like to reach the destination on the fastest possible route and it is determined that it is not possible at all to travel through said zones through the said zones purely electrically, a next iteration loop is followed Route proposal is determined which, for example, represents the second fastest route option. The loop is then run through again for this route proposal and it is checked whether this route proposal can be used to ensure that route sections or route sections leading through zones with more stringent emission conditions can actually actually be driven purely electrically.

This loop is run through until the termination criterion is met, namely the said check is positive and it can thus be ensured that route sections leading through zones with more stringent emission specifications or route sections of the route proposal in question can actually be driven purely electrically. Only then is the currently checked route proposal accepted as the route. This procedure can be used to ensure that, on the one hand, the at least one route criterion is met in the best possible way, while on the other hand it can be ensured that the boundary conditions can be met in any case, possibly existing route sections through zones with more stringent emission requirements can also be driven purely electrically.

1. a) mehrere Routenvorschläge ermittelt werden, die das wenigstens eine Routenkriterium unterschiedlich gut erfüllen;
2. b) eine jeweilige im Fahrbetrieb maximal mögliche Energieaufnahme der Batterie ermittelt wird, die entlang von nicht durch die Zonen verlaufenden Streckenabschnitten der jeweiligen Routenvorschläge erzielbar ist;
3. c) ein jeweiliger erforderlicher Energiebedarf zum rein elektrischen Befahren der durch die Zonen führenden Streckenabschnitte der Routenvorschläge ermittelt wird;
4. d) Anhand der jeweils ermittelten Energieaufnahme, des Energiebedarfs und des Ladezustands der Traktionsbatterie überprüft wird, ob die durch die Zonen führenden Streckenabschnitte rein elektrisch befahrbar sind;
5. e) wenn die Überprüfung in Schritt d) für nur einen der Routenvorschläge positiv ist, wird dieser Routenvorschlag als die Route ausgewählt, und wenn die Überprüfung in Schritt d) für mehrere der Routenvorschläge positiv ist, wird derjenige Routenvorschlag als die Route ausgewählt, der das Routenkriterium am besten erfüllt;
6. f) wenn die Überprüfung für alle Routenvorschläge negativ ist, wird wenigstens ein weiterer Routenvorschlag ermittelt, der das Routenkriterium am nächstbesten erfüllt, wonach die Schritte b) bis d) für den weiteren Routenvorschlag durchlaufen werden.

An alternative possible embodiment of the invention provides that the route is determined by performing the following steps:

1. a) several route proposals are determined which meet the at least one route criterion to different degrees;
2. b) a respective maximum possible energy consumption of the battery during driving is determined, which can be achieved along route sections of the respective route proposals that do not run through the zones;
3. c) a respective required energy requirement for purely electrical driving on the route sections of the route suggestions leading through the zones is determined;
4. d) On the basis of the determined energy consumption, the energy requirement and the state of charge of the traction battery, it is checked whether the route sections leading through the zones can be driven purely electrically;
5. e) if the check in step d) is positive for only one of the route proposals, this route proposal is selected as the route, and if the check in step d) is positive for several of the route proposals, that route proposal is selected as the route that the Route criterion best met;
6. f) if the check for all route proposals is negative, at least one further route proposal is determined which meets the route criterion next best, after which steps b) to d) are run through for the further route proposal.

It is therefore provided that several route proposals are selected or determined at the same time which fulfill the at least one predetermined route criterion to different degrees. If the driver has specified, for example, that he wants the fastest possible route from the start to the destination, the navigation device can determine several route suggestions at the same time, which would require different lengths of time from the start to the destination. For all route proposals, the said limit consideration is then carried out in turn by determining the maximum possible energy consumption of the traction battery during driving operation for each route proposal, which can be achieved along route sections of the respective route proposals that do not run through the zones. The maximum possible energy consumption of the traction battery during driving can be understood to mean, in particular, the maximum possible energy consumption that can be achieved while complying with certain noise and efficiency specifications

For the respective route suggestions, a respective required energy requirement for driving purely electrically on the route sections of the respective route suggestions leading through the zones is determined. On the basis of the determined energy consumption, the energy requirement and the state of charge of the traction battery, it is determined for each of the route suggestions whether the route sections of the respective route suggestions leading through the respective zones can be driven purely electrically. In the course of this review, a certain safety buffer can be provided, for example. For example, it can be provided that the traction battery still has to have a certain energy content, that is to say SoC, after the energy requirement required for purely electrical driving in the zones has been made available. This buffer can, for example, be stored as a standard value. It is also possible to query this buffer from the driver so that he can set this buffer to suit his level of security.

If the check yields a positive result for only one of the suggested routes, this suggested route is selected as the route. If, on the other hand, it is determined in the course of the check that the check is positive for several of the route proposals, that route proposal is selected as the route which best fulfills the route criterion. For example, it can be determined that the fastest possible route does not meet the boundary condition, but the second fastest possible route fulfills the boundary condition that all route sections that lead through zones with more stringent emission specifications can be driven purely electrically. In that case, the second-best route with regard to the at least one route criterion would then be selected. If, on the other hand, it is found that the check turns out negative for the first set of route proposals, at least one further route proposal is determined which fulfills the route criterion next best, after which steps b) to d) are run through for the at least one further route proposal. Alternatively, it is also possible to determine several further route suggestions at the same time in order to then carry out the aforementioned steps. The at least one alternative route, i.e. the further route proposal, can be determined, for example, by gradually increasing "additional costs" for the route sections leading through the zones. For example, if the route criterion stipulates that the shortest possible route should be determined, the "additional costs" can consist in the fact that route sections leading through the zones are occupied with virtual extra kilometers, for example by multiplying by a factor greater than one. This can also be done with the other method alternative, in which individual route suggestions are determined and checked in each case. With this approach, it is possible to ensure that a route is determined and proposed in each case, in which it can be ensured that the at least one route criterion is met in the best possible way while observing the boundary condition that route sections possibly leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications can actually be driven on purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle.

In a further possible embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the map data include a speed profile and / or an incline profile for a road network of the map area. The map data can also include further attributes that allow conclusions to be drawn about the drive energy required for the hybrid vehicle. With knowledge of the gradient profile and / or the speed profile for a road network of the relevant map area, it is possible to take into account the consumption and charging behavior of the hybrid vehicle in question particularly precisely in the course of route determination, so that actually only a route is proposed and selected which is the at least one predefined route criterion is fulfilled in the best possible way while adhering to the boundary condition that route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications can be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle. For example, it can be provided, in order to refine the speed profile, to provide online data which characterize the current or future traffic flow along the road network of the map area. The speed profile can also be adapted as a function of the time of day, for example, in order to take into account the flow of traffic during rush hour, for example. You can also Real-time traffic data are used. In addition, the map data can include any further attributes, on the basis of which the necessary drive energy of the hybrid vehicle can be determined particularly precisely.

According to a further possible embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the speed profile is created taking into account a driver profile. For this, the driving behavior can be continuously monitored by a driver. For example, it is conceivable that a driver drives particularly fast on motorways, whereas within built-up areas he may drive significantly more slowly than the navigation device would normally assume on the basis of standard data. Taking into account the driver profile, it is thus possible to adapt the speed profile to the individual driver and to take it into account. Thus, the route determination of the navigation device can be carried out particularly precisely to the effect that the at least one route criterion is met as best as possible while adhering to the aforementioned boundary condition, namely that route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications can actually be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle.

Another possible embodiment of the invention provides that the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine and / or the charging behavior of the traction battery characterizing characteristic curves or maps are continuously updated on the basis of measurement data. For example, it is conceivable that characteristic curves or characteristic maps characterizing the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine and / or the charging behavior of the traction battery are initially provided ex works with standard values suitable for the configuration of the hybrid vehicle in question. When the hybrid vehicle is in operation, measured values or measured data can then be recorded which characterize the actual consumption behavior of the electric drive machine and / or the actual charging behavior of the traction battery. Knowing this data, the initially provided characteristic curves or maps can be continuously updated. It is thus possible, in the course of determining the route and determining the drive strategy, to have recourse to particularly exact values with regard to the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine and / or with regard to the charging behavior of the traction battery.

Another possible embodiment of the invention provides that the consumption behavior is provided in the form of a consumption curve which describes an energy requirement of the electric drive machine per unit of distance as a function of a driving speed of the hybrid vehicle. In addition, other dependencies can also be taken into account, such as, for example, a dependency of the consumption behavior on an incline. Instead of the consumption curve, it is also possible, for example, to provide a consumption map which characterizes the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine of the hybrid vehicle as a function of the most varied of parameters. With knowledge of such a consumption curve or as a function of such a consumption map, it is possible in a particularly precise manner to determine a change in the charge state of the traction battery for a selected route in the course of route determination. This helps to ensure particularly reliably that only such a route is actually determined and selected by means of the navigation device in which the at least one route criterion is met in the best possible way while adhering to the boundary conditions that route sections possibly leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications actually actually occur can be driven on purely electrically.

In a further possible embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the charging behavior is provided in the form of a charging curve which describes a possible energy supply for charging the traction battery per unit of distance as a function of a driving speed of the hybrid vehicle. For example, a dependency on a slope or on other parameters can also be taken into account. If several parameters are taken into account, the charging behavior is provided in the form of a charging map. Taking into account such a charging curve or such a charging map, it is possible in a particularly precise manner in the course of route determination that the navigation device only selects a route that meets the route criterion as best as possible while observing the boundary conditions, possibly through the zones Route sections leading to stricter emission standards can be driven purely electrically.

Another possible embodiment of the invention provides that the vehicle data take into account a dependency on outside temperatures. In particular, the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine and / or the charging behavior of the traction battery of the hybrid vehicle can be taken into account as a function of temperature, in particular as a function of the outside temperature. As a result, in the course of route determination, it is possible to check particularly precisely whether a certain route proposal actually fulfills the boundary condition that route sections leading through said zones can also be driven purely electrically.

Another possible embodiment of the invention provides that the vehicle data take into account a dependency on an aging condition of the traction battery. For example, an energy output behavior and / or a charging behavior of the traction battery can be taken into account when determining the route as a function of the current state of aging of the traction battery. In the course of the route determination, it can also be ensured particularly reliably that the route criterion is met in the best possible way while adhering to the boundary condition that route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission specifications can actually actually be driven purely electrically.

In a further possible embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the route data contain the energy requirement determined for the selected route for the purely electrical driving of the route sections leading through the zones, the drive control device based on this energy requirement when determining the drive strategy. In this way, the drive control device can access particularly precise data with regard to the energy required for purely electrical driving on the route sections leading through the zones. It can thus be ensured very reliably that the drive strategy is specified by means of the drive control device in such a way that the boundary condition is actually complied with, if necessary, route sections leading through the zones with more stringent emission standards can actually actually be driven purely electrically.

Another possible refinement of the invention provides that the drive strategy is determined in compliance with the boundary conditions in such a way that overall as little energy as possible is consumed along the route. In other words, the drive strategy is determined in such a way that the selected route is traveled particularly energy-efficiently. For example, it would be assumed when determining the route that the traction battery is always charged while driving while driving on the route when route sections are being driven that do not lead through zones with more stringent emission standards. If the drive control unit now determines in the course of determining the drive strategy that not all route sections that do not lead through said zones have to be used to charge the traction battery while driving, the drive strategy can be determined, for example, so that it is also tightened outside the zones Emission requirements, for example, partially an electric driving mode is selected. The drive strategy can also be selected, for example, in such a way that the interaction between the combustion engine and the electric drive machine takes place along the route in such a way that the purely electric driving components are maximized. In principle, a wide variety of optimization goals can be specified before the drive strategy.

The system according to the invention for coordinated route and drive strategy determination for a hybrid vehicle is set up to carry out the method according to the invention or a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention. Possible configurations of the method according to the invention are to be regarded as possible configurations of the system according to the invention and vice versa, the system in particular having means for performing the method steps.

The hybrid vehicle according to the invention comprises at least part of the system according to the invention or a possible embodiment of the system according to the invention. The hybrid vehicle can in particular be a plug-in hybrid. Because of the comparatively long electrical range of plug-in hybrid vehicles, they are particularly well suited to carrying out the method according to the invention or a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention. It can also be an electric vehicle with a range extender which has the system according to the invention or a possible embodiment of the system according to the invention.

Further features of the invention can be derived from the following description of the figures and on the basis of the drawing. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description as well as the features and feature combinations shown below in the description of the figures and / or in the figures alone can be used not only in the respectively specified combination, but also in other combinations or alone, without the scope of the invention to leave.

• 1 eine stark schematisierte Darstellung eines Hybridfahrzeugs;
• 2 ein Diagramm, in dem eine Verbrauchskurve und eine Ladekurve des Hybridfahrzeugs aufgetragen sind, die ein Verbrauchsverhalten einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine und ein Ladeverhalten einer Traktionsbatterie des Hybridfahrzeugs im Fahrbetrieb charakterisieren;
• 3 eine stark schematisierte Darstellung von zwei möglichen Routenvorschlägen zum Erreichen eines Ziels, das in einer Zone mit verschärften Emissionsvorgaben liegt;
• 4 ein Diagramm, in dem zwei verschiedene Ladezustandskurven der Traktionsbatterie des Hybridfahrzeugs aufgetragen sind, welche sich beim Befahren der beiden Routenvorschläge ergeben könnten;
• 5 ein Diagramm, in dem eine der beiden Ladezustandskurven aus 4 aufgetragen ist, wobei zudem noch eine optimierte Ladezustandskurve aufgetragen ist.

The drawing shows in:

• 1 a highly schematic representation of a hybrid vehicle;
• 2 a diagram in which a consumption curve and a charging curve of the hybrid vehicle are plotted, which characterize a consumption behavior of an electric drive machine and a charging behavior of a traction battery of the hybrid vehicle when driving;
• 3 a highly schematic representation of two possible route suggestions for reaching a destination that is located in a zone with more stringent emission standards;
• 4th a diagram in which two different charge state curves of the traction battery of the Hybrid vehicle are plotted, which could result when driving on the two suggested routes;
• 5 a diagram showing one of the two state of charge curves 4th is plotted, with an optimized state of charge curve also being plotted.

Identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

A hybrid vehicle 1 is a highly schematic representation of the 1 shown. The hybrid vehicle 1 includes an internal combustion engine 2 , an electric prime mover 3 and a traction battery 4th , which is designed, among other things, the electric drive machine 3 to provide with energy. Furthermore, the hybrid vehicle includes 1 a drive control unit 5 , which is set up to provide a drive strategy for the hybrid vehicle 1 to be specified and by appropriate control of the internal combustion engine 2 and electric drive machine 3 to implement.

Furthermore, the hybrid vehicle includes 1 a navigation device 6th for route determination and route guidance. A backend is also shown schematically 7th , which can be a server device external to the vehicle, for example. The drive control unit 5 , the navigation device 6th and the backend 7th can jointly create a system for coordinated route and drive strategy determination for the hybrid vehicle 1 form. With the hybrid vehicle 1 it can in particular be a plug-in hybrid.

Using the navigation device 6th can request a route from a driver of the hybrid vehicle, for example 1 are recorded. For route determination by the navigation device 6th various input data are provided. The input data can include vehicle data that shows the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine 3 and a charging behavior of the traction battery 4th of the hybrid vehicle 1 while driving and a state of charge SoC the traction battery 4th characterize.

In 2 a diagram is shown in which a consumption curve 8th and a charging curve 9 are applied. The consumption curve 8th characterizes the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine 3 in the form of an energy requirement per unit of distance It as a function of the speed v of the hybrid vehicle 1 . The charging curve 9 characterizes a possible energy supply per unit of distance It , so a charging behavior, the traction battery 4th as a function of the speed v of the hybrid vehicle 1 . The consumption curve 8th and the charging curve 9 can be used as a basis for route determination, as will be explained in more detail below. Instead of these curves 8th , 9 For example, characteristics maps can also be provided which show the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine as a function of a wide variety of parameters 3 and the charging behavior of the traction battery 4th characterize during driving. The consumption behavior and the charging behavior can, for example, also be gradient-dependent, temperature-dependent or also on the aging of the traction battery 4th be dependent and be taken into account.

In 3 are a starting point 10 and a goal 12th schematically indicated, which can be recorded in the course of said route request. At the starting point 10 For example, it can be a current location of the hybrid vehicle 1 act, with a driver, for example, also having a different location than the starting point 10 can pretend. With his route request from the starting point 10 to the goal 12th the driver can also use the navigation device to set a wide variety of route criteria 6th pretend, for example, that he will reach the goal as quickly as possible 12th want to achieve. Of course, the driver can also specify other route criteria. In addition, the driver can also specify that, for example, toll roads should be avoided, motorways should be avoided or certain areas should be avoided.

After the route request has been recorded, the navigation device determines 6th a route from the starting point 10 to the goal 12th . In addition to the vehicle data provided, which includes the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine 3 , the charging behavior of the traction battery 4th and the state of charge of the SoC of the traction battery 4th characterize, map data for one also becomes the starting point 10 and the goal 12th comprehensive map area, not specifically identified here, is provided. In addition, zone data are provided which contain a respective location and size of zones at least for the said map area 14th characterize with stricter emission standards. In the example shown here, there is only one of these zones 14th indicated schematically, with the goal 12th in this zone 14th lies. In these zones 14th With more stringent emission requirements, it can be environmental zones and / or zones in which operation of an internal combustion engine is prohibited, for example.

The navigation device determines on the basis of the input data provided, i.e. the vehicle data, map data and zone data 6th a route that fulfills the at least one predetermined route criterion (fastest possible route, shortest possible route, etc.) in the best possible way while maintaining the boundary condition that, if applicable, through the zones 14th with stricter emission requirements leading route sections purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle 1 are passable.

The route actually to be traveled can be determined, for example, by first making a route proposal 16 it is determined which best meets the at least one route criterion. By way of example, it can be assumed that the at least one route criterion that has been specified is that the shortest possible route is to be selected. Therefore, the suggested route connects 16 the starting point 10 and the goal 12th here by way of example in the form of a straight line. Knowing the consumption curve 8th and the charging curve 9 (please refer 2 ) the navigation device can 6th the maximum possible energy consumption of the traction battery while driving 4th and a necessary energy requirement for purely electrical driving through the zone 14th leading section of the route proposal 16 determine.

Location and size of the zone 14th can for example by means of the backend 7th (please refer 1 ) the navigation device 6th to be provided. The navigation device 6th So knows which part of the route is suggested 16 inside and which outside the zone 14th lies. For example, a limit analysis can be carried out by determining how much energy is in the traction battery 4th during the approach to the zone 14th could be supplied by charging while driving, so as long as the zone 14th not yet according to the suggested route 16 is driven on. In addition, it can be determined how much energy is required to drive into the zone 14th according to the suggested route 16 the electric drive machine 3 must be provided. Likewise, for another route suggestion 18th be proceeded.

In 4th are two different state of charge curves 20th , 22nd for a respective route s applied. The state of charge curve 20th characterizes the charging and discharging behavior of the traction battery 4th for driving on the suggested route 16 , where the state of charge curve 22nd the charging behavior and discharging behavior of the traction battery 4th for driving on the suggested route 18th should mark. How to use 3 can see, a much larger section of the route leads to the route proposal 16 through the zone 14th than with the suggested route 18th the case is. Accordingly, the traction battery can do less 4th during the approach to the zone 14th according to the suggested route 16 than when driving on the suggested route 18th .

Using the state of charge curve 20th it becomes clear that the suggested route 16 the zone 14th even with the maximum possible energy consumption of the traction battery 4th will not be able to drive on purely electrically. The part of the state of charge curve 20th the approach to the zone should be with a positive slope 14th for which it is assumed in the course of route determination that the traction battery 14th is charged while driving, which is why the state of charge SoC increases. The part of the state of charge curve 20th with a negative gradient and indicates the purely electric drive within the zone 14th , being that within the zone 14th lying target 12th will not be accessible purely electrically. The last part of the state of charge curve 20th runs flat, the traction battery 14th is empty or at least emptied up to a permissible lower limit value, so that no energy can be emitted.

With the suggested route 18th however, it is clear that the energy content of the traction battery 4th when entering the zone 14th will definitely be enough to accomplish this until reaching the goal 12th to be able to drive on purely electrically. The approach to reaching the zone 14th is in this case much longer, thus also the part of the state of charge curve 22nd with a positive slope, driving within the zone 14th on the other hand, it is much shorter, thus also the part of the state of charge curve 22nd with a negative slope.

Although the suggested route would 16 meet the route criterion, the shortest possible route, but the boundary condition that the zone 14th is driven purely electrically. Thus the suggested route 16 discarded and the suggested route 18th selected as the actual route to be traveled. The procedure described is only to be understood as an example. The navigation device 6th can, but does not have to be, such route suggestions 16 , 18th look at the same time. Instead, it is also possible, for example, that the suggested route 16 which best fulfills the route criterion, that is to say represents the shortest possible route according to the example explained. Returns the associated charge state curve 20th then that a purely electric driving in the zone 14th will definitely not be possible, in a next step, for example, the suggested route 18th determined and checked. For example, several such route suggestions can also be made 16 , 18th are used that meet the specified route criterion to different degrees in order to make these different route proposals 16 , 18th and to check further route suggestions as to how the route criterion is met and whether the boundary condition can be met by the zone 14th leading route sections to be driven purely electrically.

Has the navigation facility 6th Now, based on the input data provided, i.e. the vehicle data, the map data and the zone data, a route is determined that best meets the route criterion while maintaining the boundary condition that possibly through the zone 14th leading route sections purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle 1 are passable, the navigation device transmits 6th certain route data belonging to the selected route to the drive control unit 5 . This route data can, for example, be a speed and height profile of the selected route (according to the example, the route according to the proposed route 18th ) as well as the location and length of the zone 14th leading section of the route. The route data can also show the energy requirements determined for the selected route for purely electric driving through the zone 14th leading route section included.

In 5 is the one for the suggested route 18th associated state of charge curve 22nd Plotted again schematically, with an optimized charge state curve 24 is applied. After the drive control unit 5 has received the said route data, the drive control unit determines 5 a drive strategy for traveling on the selected route, specifically in such a way that the boundary condition is met, the one through the zone 14th leading route section route section definitely to be driven purely electrically.

When determining the route and ultimately when selecting the route, the navigation device 6th assumed that the traction battery 4th is always loaded when route sections do not pass through the zone 14th to lead. Using the in 3 greatly simplified example, it becomes clear that the entire journey to entry into the zone 14th could theoretically be used for charging while driving. With entry to the zone 14th then becomes the traction battery 14th successively discharged (assuming that there is no recuperation) because the zone 14th is driven purely electrically.

The drive strategy actually to be used as a basis for driving on the route can in this respect depend on the charge state curve 22nd deviate that an optimization, in particular an efficiency optimization, is carried out. It is found that not the entire approach to the zone 14th for charging the traction battery 4th must be used in the paint operation, the drive strategy determined can, for example, provide that part of the approach to the zone 14th could be used for purely electric driving.

This is schematically based on the optimized state of charge curve 24 shown. In the course of the drive strategy actually used when driving on the route ultimately selected, the coordinated operation of the internal combustion engine 2 and the electric prime mover 3 done so that the goal 12th is achieved as energy-efficiently as possible.

List of reference symbols

1

Hybrid vehicle

2

Internal combustion engine

3

electric prime mover

4th

Traction battery

5

Drive control unit

6th

Navigation device

7th

Backend

8th

Consumption curve

9

Charging curve

10

Starting point

12th

goal

14th

Zone with stricter emission requirements

16

Suggested route

18th

further route suggestion

20th

State of charge curve

22nd

State of charge curve

24

optimized state of charge curve

It

Energy requirement or energy supply per unit of distance

s

route

SoC

Charge level of the traction battery

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102013016569 A1 [0002]

Claims (15)

Method for coordinated route and drive strategy determination for a hybrid vehicle (1), comprising the steps - Detecting a route request from a starting point (10) to a destination (12) and at least one predetermined route criterion by means of a navigation device (6); - Provision of input data, comprehensive ■ Vehicle data that characterize a consumption behavior of an electric drive machine (3) and a charging behavior of a traction battery (4) of the hybrid vehicle (1) while driving as well as a state of charge of the traction battery (4); ■ map data for a map area comprising the starting point (10) and the destination (12); Zone data which characterize a respective location and size of zones (14) with more stringent emission specifications, at least for the map area; - Determination of a route by means of the navigation device (6) on the basis of the input data provided, which fulfills the route criterion as best as possible while observing the boundary condition that route sections leading through the zones (14) with more stringent emission specifications can be driven purely electrically by means of the hybrid vehicle (1); - Transmission of route data to a drive control device (5) of the hybrid vehicle (1), which characterize a speed and height profile of the route as well as the position and length of the route sections possibly leading through the zones (14); - Determination of a drive strategy that complies with the boundary condition for traveling on the route by means of the drive control device (5) on the basis of the route data. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the zones (14) with stricter emission requirements are environmental zones and / or zones in which operation of an internal combustion engine (2) is prohibited. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the route is determined by a) determining a route proposal (16) which best meets the at least one route criterion; b) a maximum possible energy consumption of the traction battery (4) during driving is determined, which can be achieved along route sections of the suggested route (16) that do not run through the zones (14); c) a required energy requirement for purely electrical driving on the route sections of the route proposal (16) leading through the zones (14) is determined; d) On the basis of the determined energy consumption, the energy requirement and the state of charge of the traction battery (4) it is checked whether the route sections leading through the zones (14) can be driven purely electrically; e) if the check in step d) is positive, the route proposal (16) determined is selected as the route; f) if the check in step d) is negative, a further route proposal (18) is determined which fulfills the route criterion next best, after which steps b) to d) are run through for the further route proposal (18). Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the route is determined in that a) several route proposals (16, 18) are determined which meet the at least one route criterion to different degrees; b) a respective maximum possible energy consumption of the traction battery (4) during driving is determined, which can be achieved along route sections of the respective suggested routes (16, 18) that do not run through the zones (14); c) a respective required energy requirement for purely electrical driving on the route sections of the route suggestions (16, 18) leading through the zones (14) is determined; d) On the basis of the respectively determined energy consumption, the energy requirement and the state of charge of the traction battery (4) it is checked whether the route sections leading through the zones (14) can be driven purely electrically; e) if the check in step d) is positive for only one of the suggested routes (16, 18), this suggested route (18) is selected as the route, and if the check in step d) is positive for several of the suggested routes (16, 18) is positive, that route proposal is selected as the route which best fulfills the route criterion; f) if the check for all route proposals (16, 18) is negative, at least one further route proposal is determined which meets the route criterion next best, after which steps b) to d) are run through for the further route proposal. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the map data include a speed profile and / or an incline profile for a road network of the map area. Procedure according to Claim 5 , characterized in that the speed profile is created taking into account a driver profile. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the consumption behavior of the electric drive machine (3) and / or the charging behavior of the traction battery (4) characterizing characteristic curves (8, 9) or maps are continuously updated on the basis of measurement data. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the consumption behavior is provided in the form of a consumption curve (8) which shows an energy requirement (E / s) of the electric drive machine (3) per distance unit as a function of a driving speed (v) of the hybrid vehicle ( 1) describes. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charging behavior is provided in the form of a charging curve (9) which shows a possible energy supply (E / s) for charging the traction battery (4) per distance unit as a function of a driving speed (v) of the Hybrid vehicle (1) describes. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle data take into account a dependence on outside temperatures. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle data take into account a dependency on an aging condition of the traction battery (4). Method according to one of the Claims 3 until 12th , characterized in that the route data contain the energy requirement determined for the selected route for purely electrical driving on the route sections leading through the zones (14), the drive control device (5) using this energy requirement as a basis for determining the drive strategy. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive strategy is determined in compliance with the boundary conditions in such a way that overall as little energy as possible is consumed along the route. System for coordinated route and drive strategy determination for a hybrid vehicle (1), the system being set up to carry out a method according to one of the preceding claims. Hybrid vehicle (1) comprising at least part of the system according to Claim 14 .

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