DE102020100240A1 - Pump and odorization system with such a pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pump (18) with (a) a cylinder (20) which has a cylinder interior (22), (b) an armature (26) which runs in the cylinder interior (22) and is at least partially ferromagnetic, (c ) a first electromagnet (38) and a second electromagnet (40) which together with the armature (26) form a reluctance linear motor by means of which the armature (26) can be moved in the cylinder (20), (d) a position sensor (46) ) for the contactless determination of an armature position of the armature (26) relative to the cylinder (20) and (e) a pump chamber (48), which can be enlarged and reduced by actuating the armature (26), with a feed line (50) for Filling is connected with liquid to be pumped (12) and has a dispensing opening (60) for dispensing pumped liquid (12), the feed line (50) having a magnetically switchable valve (54).

Description

The invention relates to a pump, in particular an odorant pump. The invention also relates to a metering system with a target fluid line and a metering device for metering a liquid to the target fluid.

For example, the metering system is an odorizing device for metering an odorant to a target fluid in the form of natural gas in a target fluid line in the form of a natural gas line.

Natural gas is odorized so that if a leak occurs in the natural gas pipeline, this will be noticed quickly. Odorants are very odorous and therefore only need to be added in very small quantities. This makes it possible to manage with a comparatively small supply of odorant for a long operating time. However, this assumes that the pump requires as little maintenance as possible.

The invention is based on the object of reducing disadvantages in the prior art.

The invention solves the problem by a pump with (a) a cylinder that has a cylinder interior, (b) an armature that runs in the cylinder interior and is at least partially ferromagnetic, (c) a first electromagnet and a second electromagnet that is connected to the Armature form a reluctance linear motor, by means of which the armature can be moved in the cylinder, (d) a position sensor for the contactless determination of an armature position of the armature relative to the cylinder and (e) a pump chamber that can be enlarged and reduced in size by actuating the armature , is connected to a feed line for filling with liquid to be pumped and has a dispensing opening for dispensing pumped liquid. Preferably (f) the feed line has a magnetically switchable valve.

The invention also solves the problem by means of a generic odorization system in which the odorization device has a pump according to the invention. It is favorable if the odorization device has a reservoir which contains the odorant.

The advantage of the pump is that it can be hermetically sealed. The liquid, in particular the odorant, can therefore only escape from the pump in exceptional circumstances.

To this end, it is particularly favorable if, according to a preferred embodiment, all areas of the pump that come into contact with the liquid, in particular the odorant, form a continuous wall.

It is also beneficial that the pump has a comparatively simple structure. It is thus possible to position the armature by means of the electromagnets, which preferably do not come into contact with the liquid. In this case, undesirable reactions between the liquid, in particular the odorant, and the material of the electromagnet cannot occur.

It is also favorable that the anchor can be made relatively lightweight with comparatively simple means. According to a preferred embodiment, an armature mass of the armature is at most approximately ten percent of the mass of the ferromagnetic material of the magnetic circuit causing the armature movement.

The feature that the electromagnets form a reluctance linear motor with the armature is understood in particular to mean that an anticipated movement of the armature can be brought about by alternately energizing the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet.

The feature that the pump chamber can be enlarged and reduced in size by actuating the armature is understood in particular to mean that the pump chamber is enlarged and reduced in size by moving the armature along a longitudinal axis of the armature. In other words, by moving the armature along its armature longitudinal axis, the liquid can be moved in and out of the pump chamber, which causes the liquid to be pumped.

A ferromagnetic material is understood to mean a material that can be magnetized, although it does not have to be magnetized. It is favorable if the armature is soft magnetic where it is ferromagnetic. A coercive field strength of the material of the armature, in particular in the area where it is at least partially ferromagnetic, is preferably at most 1,000 amperes per meter.

Since the armature can be moved within the cylinder by means of the electromagnet, the armature can also be referred to as a piston. The armature preferably has liquid channels through which liquid flows when the armature moves in the cylinder along its armature longitudinal axis.

It is advantageous if the electromagnets are separated from the cylinder interior in a liquid-tight manner. This prevents the electromagnet from being influenced by liquids, in particular odorants, in the cylinder interior.

It is favorable if the feed line runs through the armature. So usually becomes a easily mountable pump received. It is also beneficial if the feed line connects the cylinder interior with the pump chamber. It is particularly favorable if the feed line connects the pump chamber with the area of the cylinder which is remote from the pump chamber with respect to the ferromagnetic section. If the armature moves in such a way that the pump chamber enlarges, this movement leads to an increased pressure at an inflow opening of the feed line, so that the liquid flows quickly into the pump chamber.

According to a preferred embodiment, the armature has an armature element which is ferromagnetic and which is spaced apart from an inner surface of the cylinder by an annular gap. The anchor preferably also comprises a shaft to which the anchor element is attached. The anchor preferably protrudes over the anchor element on two sides. It is favorable if the armature is guided in an axial guide at its protruding ends.

According to a preferred embodiment, the magnetically switchable valve has a magnetic valve body and can be switched by reversing the polarity of at least one of the electromagnets. When reversing the polarity, there is no change in position of the armature relative to the electromagnet, since the force of attraction between the electromagnet and the armature is independent of the polarity of the electromagnet. In particular when the magnetically switchable valve is attached to the armature, which is a preferred embodiment of the invention, the valve body is influenced by the magnetic field of at least one of the electromagnets, in particular both electromagnets. Depending on the polarity of the magnetic field of the corresponding electromagnet, the magnetic valve body is brought into an open position or a closed position. In the open position, the valve body is spaced apart from a valve seat so that liquid can flow through the valve. In its closed position, the valve body rests against the valve seat so that the valve is closed.

It is advantageous if the magnetic valve body is permanently magnetic. This results in a particularly strong closing force of the valve.

The armature preferably has a shaft which is ferromagnetic.

The valve body is preferably designed in such a way that it rotates by at least 1 ° when the valve is closed and / or opened. This has the advantage that the valve body and the valve seat wear uniformly with respect to a radial component. In this way, the tightness of the valve is guaranteed, even if it wears out.

According to a preferred embodiment, the pump has at least one permanent magnet which is arranged such that the armature is held in its rest position, even when the electromagnets are not energized. The at least one permanent magnet is preferably arranged between the electromagnets.

For example, the valve body has a structured jacket surface for this purpose. Thus, according to a preferred embodiment, the surface of the lateral surface can have grooves, grooves or recesses which extend along curves, in particular lines, which do not run parallel to a valve body longitudinal axis of the valve body. When the valve body moves along its longitudinal axis, a torque acting on the valve body is produced.

Alternatively or additionally, the valve body can have an inclined end face which is asymmetrical with respect to a radial component and which results in a torque acting on the valve body when the valve body moves along its longitudinal axis of the valve body.

According to a preferred embodiment, the pump has a first magnetic field shaping element which is arranged for shaping a first magnetic field of the first electromagnet. It is favorable if the first magnetic field shaping element is arranged at least partially, preferably completely, radially inside the first electromagnet.

Preferably, the pump also has a second magnetic field shaping element which is arranged for shaping a second magnetic field of the second electromagnet. It is favorable if the second magnetic field shaping element is arranged at least partially radially inside the second electromagnet. The magnetic field shaping elements are designed in such a way that the armature can be positioned by energizing the electromagnets, in particular can be positioned steplessly.

The magnetic field shaping elements are preferably designed in such a way that they have an air gap. An air gap is understood to be an area in which the magnetic field is at most a tenth as strong as on the other side of the air gap. The air gap leads to an inhomogeneity of the magnetic field, so that the reluctance depends on the position of the armature along its armature longitudinal axis. In particular, it is not necessary for the air gap to be formed by air. Instead of an air gap, the term ferromagnet-free zone could also be used.

The magnetic field shaping elements are preferably designed so that a movement of the armature in the direction of its armature longitudinal axis in one direction increases the reluctance with respect to the first electromagnet, but decreases a second reluctance with respect to the second electromagnet. Depending on the strength of the electric current flowing through the first electromagnet or the second electromagnet, the result is a position of the armature with respect to its armature longitudinal axis which minimizes the reluctance. In this way, the position of the armature can be continuously adjusted by the current intensities through the first electromagnet and / or the second electromagnet

Furthermore, the anchor can preferably be so pronounced that it has at least three anchor elements. These are arranged in such a way that the armature can be positioned along its armature longitudinal axis by alternately energizing the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet.

In this case, the control is preferably designed to automatically carry out a method in which a first armature segment is initially positioned adjacent to a ferromagnet-free zone of the second electromagnet by energizing the second electromagnet, and as a result a second armature segment is in the effective area of the ferromagnet-free zone of the first electromagnet.

Then the second armature element is positioned adjacent to the ferromagnet-free zone of the first electromagnet by energizing the first electromagnet and as a result a third armature segment is in the effective area of the ferromagnet-free zone of the second electromagnet. Thereafter, the third armature segment is positioned adjacent to the ferromagnet-free zone of the first electromagnet by energizing the first electromagnet, with a fourth armature segment as a result being in the effective area of the ferromagnet-free zone of the first electromagnet.

In other words, the electromagnets are energized alternately and the armature segments are arranged in such a way that each time the energized electromagnet changes, the armature moves a predetermined path along its armature longitudinal axis.

Depending on the strength of the electric current flowing through the first electromagnet or the second electromagnet, the result is a position of the armature with respect to its armature longitudinal axis which minimizes the reluctance. In this way, the position of the armature can be continuously adjusted by the current intensities through the first electromagnet and / or the second electromagnet.

Depending on the strength of the electric current flowing through the first electromagnet or the second electromagnet, the result is a position of the armature with respect to its armature longitudinal axis which minimizes the reluctance. In this way, the position of the armature can be continuously adjusted by the current intensities through the first electromagnet and / or the second electromagnet.

It should be noted that the armature can of course only be continuously positioned within a predetermined interval.

The position sensor is preferably a magnetic sensor which has a magnet attached to the armature and a magnetic field sensor element. The magnetic field sensor element is preferably attached to the shaft of the armature. A distance between the magnetic field sensor element and the electromagnet is preferably selected to be so large that the magnetic field of the electromagnet does not significantly influence the position measurement of the position sensor.

In a second embodiment of the armature position detection, the position of the armature is determined by measuring the inductance of the magnet coils, which is dependent on the position of the armature.

In a third embodiment of the armature position detection, the position of the armature is determined by measuring the flux density that is dependent on the position of the armature.

It is favorable if the feed line has an inflow opening for liquids to flow in from the cylinder interior.

The pump preferably has a controller which is designed to automatically carry out a method with the steps ( i ) Detecting a target stroke of the armature, (ii) continuous measurement of an actual stroke, (iii) energizing the first electromagnet so that the actual stroke approaches the target stroke and the liquid flows into the pump chamber and (iv) thereafter Energizing the second electromagnet so that the liquid is pumped out of the pump chamber through the dispensing opening. Because the actual stroke is adapted to the target stroke, the amount of liquid that is pumped through the dispensing opening per pump stroke can be set with high accuracy.

The controller is preferably designed to automatically carry out a method with the following step: After energizing the first electromagnet, so that the actual stroke approaches the target stroke and liquid flows into the pump chamber, and before energizing the second electromagnet, reversing the polarity of one of the electromagnets so that the valve closes. This has the advantage that Immediately after the armature begins to move, the pump chamber is reduced in size and liquid is dispensed through the dispensing opening. If, for example, a check valve were used whose valve body is not spring-loaded, the pressure in the pump chamber would first have to rise in order to press the valve body against the valve seat. During this time, an unknown amount of liquid can flow past the valve body. It is therefore not clear what amount of liquid is actually delivered per armature stroke. This is avoided by the switchable valve.

The control is preferably designed to automatically carry out a method with the following steps: After pumping the liquid from the pump chamber through the dispensing opening, energizing the second electromagnet so that the armature is in its rest position. In other words, the pump chamber is minimally filled with liquid in the rest position of the armature. The rest position is the position in which the anchor is for the majority of the time. It corresponds to a preferred embodiment that the armature is preloaded into its rest position, in particular by means of a spring.

It is favorable if at least one of the electromagnets is acted upon with an electrical current which has a high-frequency component in such a way that the armature oscillates. This oscillation has an oscillation stroke which is smaller than the stroke of the armature for pumping, in particular a maximum of one tenth, preferably a maximum of one twentieth of the stroke. This oscillation prevents a seal, which is preferably present and which seals the armature against the pump chamber, from sticking. The breakaway force that is necessary to move the armature out of a position in which the armature has previously rested becomes small.

Furthermore, the arrangement can preferably be operated in such a way that the oscillation of the armature is used for the precise setting of the specified target stroke during the filling phase and then with maximum force by energizing the second electromagnet without armature oscillation, the liquid from the pump chamber through the dispensing opening with a defined force is pumped (pressure stroke).

It is favorable if the pump has a temperature detection device which is set up to detect a temperature measurement value that correlates to a pump chamber temperature in the pump chamber. For example, the measured temperature value is a measured value that indicates the pump chamber temperature. The measured temperature value can be present, for example, as an electrical signal, but it is also possible that the measured temperature value is, for example, an electrical resistance that changes with the pump chamber temperature. It is only important that an exceeding of a predetermined temperature threshold value can be detected. For example, the temperature detection device can be a temperature-dependent resistor. If this resistor is an NTC thermistor, if the resistance falls below a threshold, it can be concluded that the pump chamber temperature is above a pump chamber temperature threshold value.

The controller is preferably designed to energize a heating element and / or at least one of the electromagnets to increase the pump chamber temperature when the pump chamber temperature falls below a predetermined minimum pump chamber temperature. In this way, for example, freezing or crystallization of the liquid is avoided.

The pump preferably comprises a cooling device for cooling the pump chamber. It can be a Peltier element, for example. The controller is preferably set up to automatically cool the pump chamber when the pump chamber temperature exceeds a predetermined maximum pump chamber temperature.

According to the invention, an odorization system is also provided with (a) a target fluid line, in particular a gas line, for example a natural gas line, for a target fluid, in particular a gas, for example natural gas, and (b) a metering device for metering a liquid to the target fluid, with (c ) the metering device has a pump and a reservoir which contains the liquid.

The cylinder and / or the reservoir is preferably filled with odorant.

It is generally favorable if the pump chamber is arranged below the cylinder. Any gases that may develop in the pump chamber are hardly released from the pump chamber, but escape upwards, in particular into the cylinder.

The invention also relates to a cold disinfection system with (a) a target fluid line in the form of a liquid line and (b) a metering device in the form of a disinfection device for metering a liquid in the form of a disinfectant into the liquid line, with (c) the disinfection device having a pump and a Reservoir that contains the disinfectant.

In this case, the cylinder and / or the reservoir is preferably filled with disinfectant.

• 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Zudosiersystem mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe zum Durchführen eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
• 2 eine zweite Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Zudosiersystems mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe,
• 3a eine zweite Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Zudosiersystems mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe,
• 3b eine zweite Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Zudosiersystems mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe mit einer vierten Ausführungsform,
• 4a eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Zudosiersystems mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe mit einem segmentierten Anker,
• 4b eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Zudosiersystems mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe, bei der zusätzlich zu den Elektromagneten Dauermagnete eingebaut sind, die so zwischen den beiden Magnetspulen positioniert sind, das ein magnetischer Fluss entsteht, auch wenn beide Magnetspulen nicht bestromt sind.
• 5a zeigt einen Ventilkörper einer erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform,
• 5b einen Ventilkörper einer erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform und
• 6 eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows

• 1 a metering system according to the invention with a pump according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention,
• 2 a second embodiment of a metering system according to the invention with a pump according to the invention,
• 3a a second embodiment of a metering system according to the invention with a pump according to the invention,
• 3b a second embodiment of a metering system according to the invention with a pump according to the invention with a fourth embodiment,
• 4a another embodiment of a metering system according to the invention with a pump according to the invention with a segmented armature,
• 4b Another embodiment of a metering system according to the invention with a pump according to the invention, in which permanent magnets are installed in addition to the electromagnets, which are positioned between the two magnet coils so that a magnetic flux is created even when both magnet coils are not energized.
• 5a shows a valve body of a pump according to the invention according to a first embodiment,
• 5b a valve body of a pump according to the invention according to a second embodiment and
• 6th another embodiment of a pump according to the invention.

1 shows a metering system according to the invention 10 for adding a liquid 12th , into a target fluid line 14th , in which a target fluid 16 flows. The metering system 10 has a pump 18th who have favourited a cylinder 20th has a cylinder interior 22nd surrounds.

Inside the cylinder 22nd is an anchor 26th arranged in the cylinder interior 22nd running. The anchor 26th has an anchor element 28 made of soft magnetic material, in the present case made of soft iron, and a shaft 30th . Between the anchor element 28 and a cylinder inner surface 32 of the cylinder 20th is an annular gap 34 educated. A clear expanse w of the annular gap 34 lies, for example, between w = 0.1 mm and 1 mm. The anchor 26th can connection channels 35 have along the anchor longitudinal axis L. run away.

The cylinder interior 22nd stands with a reservoir 36 over a line 37 in connection in which the liquid 12th is included. With the liquid 12th it is, for example, an odorant or a cold disinfectant. The cylinder interior 22nd is therefore with liquid 12th filled.

The pump 18th has a first electromagnet 38 and a second electromagnet 40 with respect to an anchor longitudinal axis L. are arranged one behind the other. By energizing the electromagnets 38 , 40 can the anchor 26th along the anchor's longitudinal axis L. be positioned. This position is measured along an x-axis, which is the longitudinal axis of the anchor L. runs.

On the shaft 30th is a magnet 42 arranged, together with a magnetic field sensor element 44 a position sensor 46 forms. Using the position sensor 46 can change the position of the anchor 26th to be determined. It is beneficial if there is a measurement uncertainty when determining the positions of the armature 26th is at most 0.2 µm.

The pump 18th has a pump room 48 , which can also be referred to as a pump chamber. The pumping room 48 preferably has a volume of at most 100 milliliters. The pumping room 48 is via a feed line 50 with the cylinder interior 22nd connected. At one outlet end 52 is a magnetically switchable valve 54 arranged, which is shown enlarged in the right partial image.

The valve 54 has a valve seat 56 and a valve body 58 , which is ferromagnetic. In the present case, the valve body is 58 magnetized. For example, the valve body 58 are made of magnetized steel.

The pump chamber has a discharge opening 60 , for dispensing pumped liquid 12th , for example to a nozzle 62 .

The pump 18th has a first magnetic field shaping element 64 and a second magnetic field shaping element 66 . The first magnetic field shaping element 64 is arranged to form a first magnetic field B ₁ , which is generated by energizing the first electromagnet 38 is produced.

The first magnetic field shaping element 64 adjoins a first air gap element 68 made of non-magnetic, non-magnetizable material, for example non-magnetic stainless steel. The air gap element 68 has the same effect as an air gap at the same point and causes an inhomogeneity of the first magnetic field B ₁ in its surroundings. The air gap element 68 has one in the axial direction with respect to the armature longitudinal axis L. a decreasing thickness.

The second magnetic field shaping element 66 adjoins a second air gap element 70 and acts like the first air gap element 68 for the second magnetic field B ₂ , which is generated by energizing the second electromagnet 40 is being built.

The electromagnets 38 , 40 are with a controller 72 connected, possibly with the position sensor 46 communicates. The pump 18th carries out the method according to the invention described below. Is, for example due to an external signal sent to the controller 72 is transmitted, a specified volume flow V is requested, the control calculates 72 from this a target stroke H _target and energizes the first electromagnet 38 .

The anchor then moves 26th along the anchor's longitudinal axis L. on the first electromagnet 38 to, as the reluctance is reduced. In the in 1 The embodiment shown moves the armature 26th up. This reduces a pressure p ₄₈ in the pump chamber 48 . This causes liquid to flow 12th from the cylinder interior 22nd through an inflow opening 76 the feed line 50 , into the feed line 50 and reaches the valve 54 . The valve 54 is open so the liquid 12th in the pump room 48 flows in.

When moving the anchor 26th the position sensor measures 46 continuously the position x and regulates an electric current I ₁ (t) by the first electromagnet 38 and the current I ₂ (t) through the second electromagnet 40 so that the anchor 26th along a predetermined target trajectory X _should (t) emotional.

Has the anchor 26th reaches its top dead center, so is the pumping chamber 48 with a predetermined target volume V _target filled, the control poles 72 the current I ₁ by. This changes the position x of the armature 26th Not. In contrast, the magnetic field B _{54 changes} in the vicinity of the valve body 58 so that it is on its valve seat 56 too moved and the valve 54 closes.

The control then energizes 72 the second electromagnet 40 so that the anchor 26th moved in an opposite direction. The volume of the pumping chamber 48 thereby decreases and the liquid 12th flows under pressure through the dispensing opening 60 .

This movement takes place again along the target trajectory X _target (t) so that the volume flow V der from the pump chamber 48 flows out, corresponds to the specified target volume flow ̇̇̇̇̇V̇ _target . The anchor is located 26th The control poles at its bottom dead center, so that no more liquid is dispensed and a countermovement in the opposite direction then takes place 72 the second electromagnet 40 around, so that the magnetic field B ₅₄ changes its direction and the valve body 58 from the valve seat 56 is lifted. The control 72 can use a digital memory 74 in which the corresponding program is stored.

The shaft 30th is by means of a seal 78 sealed against the surrounding wall. To when moving the anchor 26th To minimize the so-called stick-slip effect, the control is energized 72 the first electromagnet 38 and / or the second electromagnet 40 so that the anchor 26th an oscillating movement performs before the anchor 26th is moved to pump. As a result, there is no static friction between the seal and the shaft 30th , but only to sliding friction. However, it is also possible to use the pump 18th operate without the anchor 26th is oscillated.

There is no requirement for liquid 12th so brings the controller 72 the anchor 26th in its rest position, in which the volume of the pump chamber 48 is minimal. This reduces any gas bubbles that could arise in the liquid 12th evaporates. If gas bubbles nevertheless form, they can go up through the feed line 50 escape and thus do not lead to a corruption of the volume flow V.

It is possible that the pump 18th a temperature sensing device 80 in the form of a thermometer with the controller 72 is connected and is arranged to measure a pump room temperature T ₄₈ in the pumping room 48 . Falls below the pump room temperature T ₄₈ a specified minimum pump room temperature T ₄₈ , _min , so controls the controller 72 the first electromagnet 38 and / or the second electromagnet 40 so that the liquid 12th in the cylinder interior 22nd is heated. The electromagnets are used for this 38 , 40 in thermal contact with the cylinder interior 22nd .

The pump 18th can have an expiration 82 have through which the liquid 12th in the cylinder interior 22nd can be lowered.

In 1 is the valve 54 in extension of the shaft 30th arranged.

The two magnetic field shaping elements 64 , 66 are with respect to the anchor's longitudinal axis L. between two non-magnetic and non-magnetizable side parts 84 , 86 arranged. The magnet 42 is radial from the second side part 86 surrounded so that the magnetic field of the first electromagnet 38 is as low as possible. The valve 54 is from the first side part 84 surrounded so that the magnetic field of the second electromagnet 40 is as weak as possible at this point. The shaft 30th is made of ferromagnetic material so that the magnetic field in the area of the Valve body 58 by reversing the polarity of the first electromagnet 38 and / or the second electromagnet 40 is changeable.

2 shows a second embodiment of a pump according to the invention, in which the valve 54 is arranged.

3a shows a further embodiment of a pump according to the invention 18th In which - unlike the embodiments according to the 1 and 2 - a direction of movement of the valve body 58 not along the anchor's longitudinal axis L. runs, but across it.

3b shows a further embodiment of a pump according to the invention 18th where the air gap elements 68 , 70 not as in the embodiments according to FIG 1 , 2 and 3a are arranged adjacent to one another, but on opposite sides of the respective magnetic field shaping element 64 or. 66 .

4a shows a further embodiment of a pump according to the invention 18th in which the anchor is so pronounced that it consists of several elements.

4b shows a further embodiment of a pump according to the invention 18th , in which permanent magnets are present in addition to the electromagnets, which are positioned between the two magnet coils so that a magnetic flux is created even if both magnet coils are not energized. This causes the pump to remain in a defined position when de-energized.

1 shows that the pump 18th a heating and / or cooling device 87 for cooling the pumping chamber 48 may have. The heating and / or cooling device 87 is in the present case a Peltier element that is controlled by the controller 72 is energized. Depending on the polarity of the current direction, the Peltier element heats or cools. It can therefore also be referred to as a heating element when it is operated in a heating manner.

4a shows an embodiment in which the anchor 26th several anchor segments 88 .j (here: j = 1, ..., 4). The control 72 is designed to energize first the second electromagnet 40 so that a first anchor segment 88 adjacent to the second air gap element 70 , i.e. in the ferromagnet-free zone. This creates a second anchor segment 88 adjacent to the first air gap element 68 and thus in the effective area of the ferromagnet-free zone.

Then the first electromagnet 38 energized, whereby the second anchor element 88 adjacent to the first air gap element 68 positioned. As a result, there is a third anchor segment 88 in the area of action of the second air gap element 70 .

Then the third anchor segment 88 by energizing the second electromagnet 40 in the ferromagnet-free zone of the second air gap element 70 , so positioned adjacent to this.

As a result, there is a fourth anchor segment 88 in the area of action of the ferromagnet-free zone of the first air gap element 68 . Would be the anchor 26th comprise more armature segments, the alternating energization could be continued until the last armature segment, which is required for the maximum stroke length, is positioned in the corresponding ferromagnet-free zone.

Depending on the current I _{38 of} the electrical current that is passed through the first electromagnet 38 flows and the current strength I _{40 of} the electric current flowing through the second electromagnet 40 flows, this results in a position of the anchor 26th with respect to its anchor longitudinal axis L. that minimizes the reluctance. In this way, the position of the armature can be determined by the current intensities through the first electromagnet and / or the second electromagnet I ₃₈ , I ₄₀ 26th can be adjusted continuously.

4b shows a further embodiment of a pump according to the invention 18th , where between the electromagnets 38 , 40 Permanent magnets 90, 90.2 are arranged. The permanent magnets 90, 90.2 are between the two electromagnets 38 , 40 positioned so that a magnetic flux is created, even if both magnet coils are not energized. This causes the pump 18th remains in a defined position in the de-energized state.

5a shows a valve body 58 , which has a structured outer surface 92 Has. In the present case, the lateral surface has 92 Recesses 94 .i (i = 1, 2, ...), which extend along helical curves K1, K2, ... The curves K1, K2, .. run around the longitudinal axis of the valve body L. of the valve body 58 run away. This occurs when the valve body moves along its longitudinal axis L. a torque acting on the valve body and the valve body 58 rotates through an angle of rotation α .

5b shows an alternative valve body 58 , its face 96 an asymmetrical, crooked structure 98 having. The view from above, which is shown in the upper part of the picture, shows that the structure 98 has a 180 ° rotational symmetry, which is preferred but not necessary.

6th shows a further embodiment of a pump according to the invention 18th where the anchor 26th between the first electromagnet 38 and the second electromagnet 40 is arranged. This represents - regardless of other characteristics of the pump 18th according to the present embodiment - a preferred embodiment.

In addition, the air gap elements have 68 , 70 a distance from the anchor longitudinal axis L. , which is larger than the inner radius of the electromagnet 38 , 40 (i.e. the coils). This represents - regardless of other characteristics of the pump 18th according to the present embodiment - a preferred embodiment. According to a preferred embodiment, the distance from the anchor longitudinal axis L. at least as large as the mean value of the inner radius and the outer radius of the electromagnets 38 , 40 . The advantage of this embodiment is the lower power loss of the electromagnets. The usually comparatively small winding diameter is also advantageous.

The pump 18th and the reservoir 36 form a metering device 100 .

The target fluid line 14th can for example be a gas line, in particular a natural gas line. In this case the metering device is 100 preferably designed as an odorization device, in its reservoir 36 a substance to be added 102 in the form of an odorant 102 is included. The odorant 102 can be, for example, tetrahydrothiophene, a mercaptan or a mixture of ethyl acrylate (over 50%), methyl acrylate and 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine. The entirety of the gas pipe 14th and odorization device 100 forms an odorization system 104 .

Alternatively, the target fluid line 14th be a liquid line. In this case the metering device is 100 preferably designed as a disinfection device. The substance to be dosed 102 is a disinfectant in this case.

List of reference symbols

10

Metering system

12th

liquid

14th

Target fluid line

16

Target fluid

18th

pump

20th

cylinder

22nd

Cylinder interior

26th

anchor

28

Anchor element

30th

shaft

32

Cylinder inner surface

34

Annular gap

35

lower flow chamber

36

reservoir

37

management

38

first electromagnet

40

second electromagnet

42

magnet

44

Magnetic field sensor element

46

Position sensor

48

Pumping room

50

Feed line

52

Outlet end

54

Valve

56

Valve seat

58

Valve body

60

Dispensing opening

62

jet

64

first magnetic field shaping element

66

second magnetic field shaping element

68

first air gap element

70

second air gap element

72

control

74

digital storage

76

Inflow opening

78

poetry

80

thermometer

82

procedure

84

first side part

86

second side part

87

Cooling device

88

Anchor segment

90

Permanent magnet

92

Outer surface

94

Recess

96

Face

98

structure

100

Dosing device, odorization device

102

Substance to be added: odorant, disinfectant

104

Odorization system

α

Rotation angle

T48

Pump room temperature

L.

Anchor longitudinal axis

w

clear width

B.

Magnetic field

V̇

Volume flow

H

Hub

i

Running index

HSoll

Target stroke

p

print

I1 (t)

electrical current

XSoll (t)

Target trajectory

t

time

T48, min

Minimum pump room temperature

V̇Soll

Target volume flow

VSoll

Target volume

Claims (19)

Pump (18) with (a) a cylinder (20) which has a cylinder interior (22), (b) an anchor (26) which - runs in the cylinder interior (22) and - is at least partially ferromagnetic, (c) a first electromagnet (38) and a second electromagnet (40) which together with the armature (26) form a reluctance linear motor by means of which the armature (26) can be moved in the cylinder (20), (d) a position sensor (46) for the contactless determination of an armature position of the armature (26) relative to the cylinder (20) and (e) a pump chamber (48) which - Can be enlarged and reduced by actuating the armature (26), - Is connected to a feed line (50) for filling with liquid (12) to be pumped and - has a dispensing opening (60) for dispensing pumped liquid (12), (f) wherein the feed line (50) has a magnetically switchable valve (54). Pump (18) Claim 1 , characterized in that the feed line (50) runs through the armature (26) and connects the cylinder interior (22) with the pump chamber (48). Pump (18) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that (a) the magnetically switchable valve (54) has a permanent magnet valve body (58) and at least one of the electromagnets (38, 40) can be switched by reversing the polarity, and (b) the Armature (26) is ferromagnetic. Pump (18) Claim 2 , characterized in that the valve body (58) is designed so that it rotates by at least 1 ° when the valve (54) is closed and / or opened. Pump (18) Claim 2 , characterized in that the valve body (58) has a structured lateral surface, in particular inclined grooves, and / or a guide element on an end face of the valve body (58). Pump (18) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by (a) a first magnetic field shaping element (64) which is arranged for shaping a first magnetic field (B ₁ ) of the first electromagnet (38), and (b) a second magnetic field shaping element (66) ), which is arranged to form a second magnetic field (B ₂ ) of the second electromagnet (40), (c) wherein the magnetic field shaping elements (64, 66) are designed so that the armature (26) is energized by the electromagnet (38, 40 ), in particular steplessly, can be positioned. Pump (18) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature (26) has at least three armature segments (88) which are arranged so that by alternately energizing the first electromagnet (38) and the second electromagnet (40) the Armature (26) can be positioned along its armature longitudinal axis (L), in particular continuously. Pump (18) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the position sensor (46) (a) is a magnetic sensor which has a magnet (42) attached to the armature (26) and a magnetic field sensor element (44) or (b) is formed is designed for measuring the inductance of at least one of the electromagnets (38, 40) and determining the position of the armature (26) from the inductance or (c) is designed for measuring a magnetic flux density and determining the position of the armature (26) from the magnetic flux density . Pump (18) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed line (50) has an inflow opening (76) for the inflow of liquid (12) from the cylinder interior (22). Pump (18) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a control (72) which is designed to automatically carry out a method with the following steps: (i) Detecting a target stroke (H _{target of} the armature (26), (ii)) continuously measuring an actual stroke, (iii) energizing the first electromagnet (38) so that the actual stroke _{approaches the target stroke (H target} and liquid (12) flows into the pump chamber (48), and (iv) then energizing the second electromagnet (40) so that the liquid (12) is pumped out of the pump chamber (48) through the dispensing opening (60). Pump (18) Claim 10 , characterized in that the controller (72) is designed to automatically carry out a method with the step: after energizing the first electromagnet (38), so that the actual stroke _{approaches the target stroke (H target} and liquid (12) flows into the pump chamber (48), and before the second electromagnet (40) is energized, the polarity of one of the electromagnets (38, 40) is reversed so that the valve (54) closes. Pump (18) after one of the Claims 10 or 11 , characterized in that the controller (72), which is designed to automatically carry out a method with the step: after pumping the liquid (12) from the pump chamber (48) through the dispensing opening (60), energizing the second electromagnet (40 ) so that the armature (26) is in a rest position. Pump (18) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by (a) a temperature detection device (80) which is set up to detect a temperature measurement that _{correlates to a pump chamber temperature (T 48} ) in the pump chamber (48), (b) wherein the controller (72) is designed to energize a heating element (87) and / or at least one of the electromagnets (38, 40) for increasing the pump chamber temperature (T ₄₈ ) when the pump chamber temperature (T ₄₈ ) exceeds a predetermined pump chamber temperature The temperature falls below the minimum temperature (T ₄₈ , _min). Metering system (10) with (a) a target fluid line (14) for a target fluid (16) and (b) a metering device (100) for metering a liquid (12) into the target fluid (16), characterized in that (c) the metering device (100) has (i) a pump (18) according to one of the preceding claims and (ii) a reservoir (36) which contains the liquid (12). Odorization system (104) with (a) a gas line (14), in particular a natural gas line, and (b) an odorization device (100) for metering a liquid (12) in the form of an odorant (102) into the gas line (14), characterized that (c) the odorization device (100) (i) a pump (18) according to one of the preceding claims and (ii) a reservoir (36) which contains the odorant (102). Odorisation system (104) according to Claim 15 , characterized in that the cylinder (20) is filled with odorant (102). Cold disinfection system with (a) a liquid line (14) and (b) a disinfection device (100) for metering a disinfectant (102) into the liquid line (14), characterized in that (c) the disinfection device (i) has a pump (18) after one of the Claims 1 to 13th and (ii) a reservoir (36) containing the sanitizing agent. Odorization system Claim 17 , characterized in that the cylinder (20) is filled with disinfectant. Method for metering a liquid (12) into a target fluid line (14) by means of a pump (18) according to one of the Claims 1 to 13th , with the steps: (i) detecting a target stroke (H _{target of} an armature (26) of the pump (18), (ii) continuously measuring an actual stroke of the armature (26), (iii) energizing the first electromagnet ( 38) and / or the second electromagnet (40), so that the actual stroke _{approaches the target stroke (H Soll} and liquid (12) flows into the pump chamber (48), and (iv) then energizes the second electromagnet (40 ), so that the liquid (12) is pumped out of the pump chamber (48) through the dispensing opening (60).

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