DE102019216926A1 - Method for starting an internal combustion engine in a hybrid vehicle - Google Patents
Method for starting an internal combustion engine in a hybrid vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- DE102019216926A1 DE102019216926A1 DE102019216926.0A DE102019216926A DE102019216926A1 DE 102019216926 A1 DE102019216926 A1 DE 102019216926A1 DE 102019216926 A DE102019216926 A DE 102019216926A DE 102019216926 A1 DE102019216926 A1 DE 102019216926A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
- B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
- B60W20/17—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect for noise reduction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
- B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
- B60W2510/0638—Engine speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
- B60W2710/0616—Position of fuel or air injector
- B60W2710/0627—Fuel flow rate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
- B60W2710/081—Speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
Abstract
Verfahren zum Starten eines Verbrennungsmotors (18) in einem Hybridfahrzeug (10), das zum Antrieb den Verbrennungsmotor (18) und einen zweiten Antrieb aufweist, wobei der Verbrennungsmotor (18) durch den zweiten Antrieb gestartet wird, wobei der zweite Antrieb ein Unterstützungsmoment bereitstellt, das auf den Verbrennungsmotor (18) übertragen wird, so dass die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors (18) in den Bereich einer Ziel-Leerlaufdrehzahl gesteigert wird und dann bei dem Verbrennungsmotor (18) eine Kraftstoffeinspritzung gestartet, wobei die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors (18) im Bereich der Ziel-Leerlaufdrehzahl bleibt, und, sobald der Verbrennungsmotor (18) einen stabilen Betrieb erreicht hat, der zweite Antrieb so angesteuert wird, dass das unterstützende Moment auf Null heruntergefahren wird.Method for starting an internal combustion engine (18) in a hybrid vehicle (10) which has the internal combustion engine (18) and a second drive to drive it, the internal combustion engine (18) being started by the second drive, the second drive providing an assist torque, which is transmitted to the internal combustion engine (18) so that the speed of the internal combustion engine (18) is increased in the range of a target idling speed and then a fuel injection is started in the internal combustion engine (18), the speed of the internal combustion engine (18) being in the range the target idling speed remains, and, as soon as the internal combustion engine (18) has reached stable operation, the second drive is activated in such a way that the assisting torque is reduced to zero.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Starten eines Verbrennungsmotors in einem Hybridfahrzeug und eine Anordnung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Computerprogramm und ein maschinenlesbares Speichermedium.The invention relates to a method for starting an internal combustion engine in a hybrid vehicle and an arrangement for carrying out the method. The invention also relates to a computer program and a machine-readable storage medium.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Ein Hybridfahrzeug ist ein Fahrzeug, das zum Antrieb zwei oder mehr Energiewandler unterschiedlicher Art verwendet. In vielen Fällen sind Hybridfahrzeuge Elektrofahrzeuge, die von mindestens einem Elektromotor bzw. einer elektrischen Maschine und einem weiteren Wandler, bspw. einem Verbrennungsmotor, angetrieben werden.A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that uses two or more different types of energy converters to drive it. In many cases, hybrid vehicles are electric vehicles that are driven by at least one electric motor or an electric machine and a further converter, for example an internal combustion engine.
Es werden zunehmend Hybridfahrzeuge entwickelt und in den Verkehr gebracht, die durch eine Kombination eines Verbrennungsmotors und mindestens einer elektrischen Maschine bzw. E-Maschine angetrieben werden. Es wird hierzu auf
Bei fast allen Hybridfahrzeugen ist vorgesehen, dass sie den Verbrennungsmotor bei jeder Gelegenheit automatisch abstellen, um Kraftstoff zu sparen und Emissionen zu verringern. Wird der Verbrennungsmotor wieder benötigt, wird dieser automatisch von dem zweiten Wandler bzw. Antrieb, typischerweise der elektrischen Maschine, gestartet.Almost all hybrid vehicles are designed to automatically switch off the combustion engine at every opportunity to save fuel and reduce emissions. If the internal combustion engine is needed again, it is automatically started by the second converter or drive, typically the electrical machine.
Dieser Start des Verbrennungsmotors kann durch unterschiedliche Betriebsbedingungen angestoßen werden, die nicht in jedem Fall vom Fahrer getriggert sein müssen. Beispiele hierfür sind:
- - Ladestand der Batterie ist niedrig,
- - Innenraumtemperatur ist zu hoch, Start der Klimaanlage ist erforderlich.
- - the battery level is low,
- - The interior temperature is too high, the air conditioning must be started.
Daneben können noch weitere Betriebsbedingungen gegeben sein, die ein Starten des Verbrennungsmotors erforderlich machen. Der Motorstart verläuft hierbei wie jeder normale Motorstart, indem erst der Verbrennungsmotor auf eine Mindestdrehzahl gebracht und die Einspritzung gestartet wird. Anschließend erhöht der Verbrennungsmotor seine Drehzahl auf eine sichere Startdrehzahl, die deutlich über der Leerlaufdrehzahl liegt, um anschließend auf die Ziel-Leerlaufdrehzahl herunterzuregeln. Das Erhöhen der Drehzahl auf eine sichere Startdrehzahl wird als Startüberschwinger bezeichnet. Abhängig vom Motortyp und der sportlichen Auslegung des Fahrzeugs wird bei diesem Vorgehen ein entsprechender Geräuschpegel erzeugt.In addition, there may be other operating conditions that make it necessary to start the internal combustion engine. The engine start proceeds like any normal engine start, in that the internal combustion engine is first brought to a minimum speed and the injection is started. The internal combustion engine then increases its speed to a safe starting speed, which is well above the idling speed, in order to then regulate it down to the target idling speed. Increasing the speed to a safe starting speed is known as starting overshoot. Depending on the engine type and the sporty design of the vehicle, a corresponding noise level is generated with this procedure.
Weiterhin ist zu berücksichtigen, dass der Start plötzlich und unerwartet erfolgen kann. Als Folge davon können sowohl die Insassen des Fahrzeugs als auch Personen, die sich in der Nähe des Fahrzeugs befinden, überrascht werden. Diese Personen nehmen in diesem Fall das Fahrzeug höchstwahrscheinlich als störend oder beeinträchtigend wahr und ärgern sich ggf. sogar über die Störung und Lärmbelästigung.It must also be taken into account that the start can occur suddenly and unexpectedly. As a result, both the occupants of the vehicle and people who are in the vicinity of the vehicle may be surprised. In this case, these people will most likely perceive the vehicle as annoying or impairing and may even be annoyed by the disturbance and noise pollution.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Vor diesem Hintergrund werden ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und eine Anordnung gemäß Anspruch 9 vorgestellt. Es werden weiterhin ein Computerprogramm nach Anspruch 10 und ein maschinenlesbares Speichermedium gemäß Anspruch 11 vorgestellt. Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen und aus der Beschreibung.Against this background, a method with the features of claim 1 and an arrangement according to claim 9 are presented. Furthermore, a computer program according to
Das beschriebene Verfahren dient zum Starten eines Verbrennungsmotors in einem Hybridfahrzeug, wobei das Hybridfahrzeug neben dem Verbrennungsmotor noch einen weiteren Antrieb, bspw. eine elektrische Maschine bzw. einen Elektromotor, aufweist. Zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors ist nunmehr vorgesehen, dass der Verbrennungsmotor durch den zweiten Antrieb gestartet wird, wobei der zweite Antrieb ein Unterstützungsmoment bereitstellt, das auf den Verbrennungsmotor übertragen wird, so dass die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors in den Bereich einer Ziel-Leerlaufdrehzahl gesteigert wird. In diesem Zeitraum hängen die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors und die Drehzahl des zweiten Antriebs unmittelbar zusammen und sind regelmäßig im Wesentlichen gleich. Es wird dann bei dem Verbrennungsmotor eine Kraftstoffeinspritzung gestartet, d. h. der Verbrennungsmotor wird eingeschaltet und startet seinen Verbrennungsbetrieb. Dabei verbleibt die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors im Bereich der Ziel-Leerlaufdrehzahl, d. h. der Verbrennnungsmotor und der zweite Antrieb werden so angesteuert, dass die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors in diesem Bereich verbleibt und es nicht zu einem Startüberschwinger kommt.The method described is used to start an internal combustion engine in a hybrid vehicle, the hybrid vehicle not only having the internal combustion engine but also a further drive, for example an electric machine or an electric motor. To start the internal combustion engine, it is now provided that the internal combustion engine is started by the second drive, the second drive providing an assist torque that is transmitted to the internal combustion engine, so that the speed of the internal combustion engine is increased to the range of a target idling speed. During this period, the speed of the internal combustion engine and the speed of the second drive are directly related and are generally essentially the same. Fuel injection is then started in the internal combustion engine, i. H. the combustion engine is switched on and starts its combustion operation. The speed of the internal combustion engine remains in the range of the target idling speed, i.e. H. the internal combustion engine and the second drive are controlled in such a way that the speed of the internal combustion engine remains in this range and there is no starting overshoot.
Sobald der Verbrennungsmotor einen stabilen Betrieb erreicht hat, wird der zweite Antrieb so angesteuert, dass das unterstützende Moment auf Null heruntergefahren wird. Dies bedeutet, dass das Unterstützungsmoment schrittweise oder auch kontinuierlich auf Null reduziert wird.As soon as the internal combustion engine has reached stable operation, the second drive is activated in such a way that the supporting torque is reduced to zero. This means that the assist torque is gradually or continuously reduced to zero.
Zum Durchführen des Verfahrens werden typischerweise Kupplungen im Antriebsstrang des Hybridfahrzeugs so angesteuert, dass eine gewünschte Kraft- bzw. Momentübertragung sowohl zwischen den beiden Antrieben als auch auf die angetriebenen Räder erfolgt.To carry out the method, clutches in the drive train of the hybrid vehicle are typically activated in such a way that a desired transmission of force or torque takes place both between the two drives and to the driven wheels.
Das Starten des Verbrennungsmotors kann bspw. dadurch ausgelöst werden, dass festgestellt wird, dass der Ladestand der Batterie niedrig ist oder dass die Innenraumtemperatur des Fahrzeugs zu hoch ist, was einen Start der Klimaanlage erforderlich macht.The starting of the internal combustion engine can, for example, be triggered by the fact that it is determined that the charge level of the battery is low or that the interior temperature of the vehicle is too high, which makes it necessary to start the air conditioning system.
Bei dem vorgestellten Verfahren ist somit in Ausgestaltung vorgesehen, den Verbrennungsmotor mithilfe der elektrischen Maschine sanft andrehen zu lassen. Anschließend wird der Verbrennungsmotor ebenfalls sanft eingeschaltet und ggf. weiterhin mit der elektrischen Maschine so unterstützt, dass er, ohne den typischen Startüberschwinger, auf die Ziel-Leerlaufdrehzahl anläuft. Sanft bedeutet in diesem Fall, dass dies nicht als störend empfunden wird, die Umsetzung ist daher typischerweise subjektiv.In the case of the method presented, it is thus provided in an embodiment to allow the internal combustion engine to start up gently with the aid of the electric machine. The internal combustion engine is then also switched on gently and, if necessary, further supported by the electric machine in such a way that it starts up to the target idling speed without the typical start overshoot. In this case, gentle means that this is not perceived as annoying, the implementation is therefore typically subjective.
Auf diese Weise wird die akustische Wahrnehmung des Fahrzeugs deutlich verbessert und die Zufriedenheit bei den Insassen und bei Personen in der Umgebung steigt. Im Idealfall wird der Start überhaupt nicht wahrgenommen und es wird in Folge davon das Auto als sehr komfortabel angesehen.In this way, the acoustic perception of the vehicle is significantly improved and the satisfaction of the occupants and people in the vicinity increases. Ideally, the start is not noticed at all and as a result the car is seen as very comfortable.
Die vorgestellte Anordnung dient zum Durchführen des Verfahrens und ist bspw. in einer Hardware und/oder Software implementiert. Die Anordnung kann insbesondere in einem Steuergerät, bspw. in einem Motorsteuergerät (ECU: Electronic Control Unit) oder in einer Fahrzeugsteuerung (VCU: Vehicle Control Unit) integriert oder als solches bzw. solche ausgebildet sein.The arrangement presented is used to carry out the method and is implemented, for example, in hardware and / or software. The arrangement can in particular be integrated in a control unit, for example in an engine control unit (ECU: Electronic Control Unit) or in a vehicle control unit (VCU: Vehicle Control Unit), or be designed as such or such.
Es kann somit vorgesehen sein, die Software in der Motorsteuerung bzw. dem Motorsteuergerät oder in der Fahrzeugsteuerung so anzupassen, dass ein sanfter Start des Verbrennungsmotors möglich ist, so dass die akustische Wahrnehmung des Fahrzeugs verbessert wird.Provision can thus be made for the software in the engine control or the engine control device or in the vehicle control to be adapted so that the internal combustion engine can be started gently, so that the acoustic perception of the vehicle is improved.
Weitere Vorteile und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und den beigefügten Zeichnungen.Further advantages and embodiments of the invention emerge from the description and the accompanying drawings.
Es versteht sich, dass die voranstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegeben Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It goes without saying that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the respectively specified combination, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
FigurenlisteFigure list
-
1 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung eine Ausführung eines Hybridtriebstrangs.1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a hybrid drive train. -
2 zeigt in zwei Graphen einen herkömmlichen und einen sanften Motorstart.2 shows a conventional and a soft engine start in two graphs. -
3 zeigt in einem Flussdiagramm eine mögliche Ausführung des beschriebenen Verfahrens.3 shows a possible implementation of the described method in a flow chart.
Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention
Die Erfindung ist anhand von Ausführungsformen in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellt und wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen ausführlich beschrieben.The invention is shown schematically on the basis of embodiments in the drawings and is described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
In dem Triebsstrang
Zu erkennen ist, dass die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors zunächst mit der Drehzahl der elektrischen Maschine ansteigt, dann deren Drehzahl aber deutlich übersteigt, die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors steigt steil bzw. stark an bis zu einem Startüberschwinger
In einem zweiten Graphen
Die Verläufe
Da es bei der gezeigten Vorgehensweise aufgrund des sanften Starts nicht zu einem Startüberschwinger kommt, kommt es zu keiner Belästigung von Insassen und weiteren Personen. Das Hybridfahrzeug wird im Betrieb als angenehm und komfortabel empfunden.Since the procedure shown does not result in a start overshoot due to the gentle start, there is no nuisance to occupants or other people. The hybrid vehicle is perceived as pleasant and comfortable in operation.
In einem ersten Schritt
Während die Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors in einem zweiten Schritt
Sobald der Verbrennungsmotor die Ziel-Leerlaufdrehzahl erreicht hat, ggf. kurz davor, wird in einem dritten Schritt
Solange noch nicht alle Zylinder brennen, unterstützt die elektrische Maschine den Verbrennungsmotor in einem vierten Schritt
Sobald alle Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors brennen und er einen stabilen Betrieb erreicht hat, wird das unterstützende EM-Moment in einem fünften Schritt
Unter einem stabilen Betrieb ist ein Betrieb zu verstehen, bei dem der Verbrennungsmotor stabil und eigenständig läuft bzw. laufen wird.A stable operation is to be understood as an operation in which the internal combustion engine runs or will run in a stable and independent manner.
Im Anschluss kann in einem sechsten Schritt
Ein solcher sanfter Verbrennungsmotorstart sollte regelmäßig in einem Zeitraum von zwei bis fünf Sekunden umgesetzt werden. Abhängig von dem verwendeten Verbrennungsmotor und von der elektrischen Maschine. Regelmäßig wird dies aber kaum länger als der normale Motorstart einschließlich des Startüberschwingers sein.Such a gentle internal combustion engine start should be implemented regularly within a period of two to five seconds. Depending on the internal combustion engine used and the electrical machine. Regularly, however, this will hardly be longer than the normal engine start including the start overshoot.
Das beschriebene Verhalten kann auch als Softwareoption in der ECU bzw. VCU hinterlegt werden, so dass es von der Werkstatt oder von Fahrern selbst im Fahrzeugmenu aktiviert werden kann, z. B. als leiser Motorstart.The behavior described can also be stored as a software option in the ECU or VCU so that it can be activated by the workshop or by drivers themselves in the vehicle menu, e.g. B. as a quiet engine start.
Des Weiteren kann in Ausgestaltung unterschieden werden, ob der Fahrer den Start des Verbrennungsmotors angestoßen hat, z. B. durch Betätigung des Gaspedals, oder ob der Start automatisch erfolgt ist, z. B. durch eine Ladeanforderung der Batterie. Im ersten Fall ist in der Regel ein schneller Verbrennungsmotorstart erforderlich, damit das Fahrzeug schnell reagiert. Im zweiten Fall kann ein sanfter Start zweckmäßig sein, um den Fahrer nicht zu stören. Der Start des Verbrennungsmotors wird bei dieser Ausführung somit in Abhängigkeit davon ausgeführt, was diesen Start ausgelöst bzw. getriggert hat. Diese Unterscheidung kann in der Software vorgesehen werden und ggf. über Parameter festlegbar sein.Furthermore, a distinction can be made in the refinement as to whether the driver has initiated the start of the internal combustion engine, e.g. B. by pressing the accelerator pedal, or whether the start is automatic, z. B. by a charge request of the battery. In the first case, a quick start of the combustion engine is usually necessary so that the vehicle reacts quickly. In the second case, a gentle start can be useful so as not to disturb the driver. In this embodiment, the internal combustion engine is started as a function of what triggered or triggered this start. This distinction can be provided in the software and, if necessary, can be specified using parameters.
Es ist auch denkbar, mehrere Zeiten und Abläufen für den Startablauf zu hinterlegen, so dass der Fahrer wählen kann, z. B. zwischen einem sportlichen Start, einem normalen Start oder einem sanften Start usw.It is also conceivable to store several times and processes for the start sequence so that the driver can choose, e.g. B. between a sporty start, a normal start or a soft start, etc.
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