DE102019213608A1 - Device and method for mining material by moving a paddle wheel in single-disc operation with a limited elevation angle and use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) for mining material by pivoting a bucket wheel (11) and translationally displacing a chassis (12) of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement, the bucket wheel excavator arrangement having a substructure (13) and a pivotable about an at least approximately vertical pivot axis (Z10 ) has mounted superstructure (14), wherein the paddle wheel can be positioned at a predefinable holding height (z11) relative to the standing plane; wherein the bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) is set up for a single disc operation, in which the excavation in only a single excavation disc (1) with at least approximately constant elevation angle (a) of the boom or the entire superstructure relative to the substructure or with at least approximately constant holding height ( z11), with the paddle wheel (11) for single-disc operation being able to be arranged in a predefined height position in a holding height corresponding to the standing plane (XY) or exclusively in a range of variation (Δz) limited to the one single cutting disc with respect to the standing plane. The invention also relates to a corresponding method.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to a device and a method for mining material by displacing a bucket wheel, in particular in the case of a bucket wheel excavator. In particular, the invention relates to a device and a method according to the preamble of the respective independent or co-ordinate claim.

BACKGROUND

The removal of material by means of paddle wheels should be carried out in the most efficient way possible. The funding rate should be as high as possible. Efficiency requirements with regard to the use of time and materials are comparatively strict and have already led to various optimization measures. Interesting design options include, for example, the size of the buckets or bucket wheels, the dimensioning of material flow paths or conveyor belts, or the entire size and span as well as the swivel angle range and the elevation range of a bucket wheel excavator. For a certain area of application (e.g. lignite extraction in open-cast mining), a so-called block efficiency is determined, in which the theoretically maximum extraction rate is set in relation to the extraction rate that is likely to be realizable in practice. Usual block efficiencies are at most in the range of approx. 75%.

The material is usually extracted in several so-called disks or on several terraces, with material being extracted over a height of, for example, 2 to 8 meters (disk height): The bucket wheel excavator swivels the bucket wheel in a first height level or disk and forth until the material is reduced in the feasible swivel range (optionally, the entire bucket wheel excavator can also be shifted in translation along a bench), and then the bucket wheel is raised or lowered to a new height position to or from a second height level . Disc to be swiveled back and forth (multi-disc operation). Optionally, the entire bucket wheel excavator can also be moved to a new height level for this purpose. In the present case, for comparison purposes, an operating mode is considered in which the bucket wheel excavator approaches several disks in different height positions in relation to a predefined standing plane, in particular by tilting a boom on which the bucket wheel is mounted and thereby bringing it into the desired height position. The dismantling in several slices on several levels is referred to here as multi-slice operation.

It has been shown that with such a procedure in multi-disk operation, comparatively long set-up times (in particular even with a temporary complete failure of the conveyance or of the material flow) cannot be avoided. Due to the comparatively high idle or set-up times, the maximum possible conveying capacity must therefore also be comparatively high so that the average conveying rate can correspond to a specified target conveying rate in order to be able to ensure good block efficiency. Accordingly, comparatively large and heavy constructions are also required, by means of which fluctuations in the conveying capacity can be buffered as far as possible over a large range of variation, in particular also by means of the conveyor belts as such.

There is therefore interest in a bucket wheel arrangement that is as efficient as possible, with which the material can be mined in a particularly efficient manner, but with which at the same time an advantageous device-related, structural design of the bucket wheel excavator can be ensured.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is to provide a device and a method with the features described above, with which the degradation of material by means of at least one paddle wheel can take place in a particularly efficient manner, in particular with maximum block efficiency, and in particular with the least possible effort in terms of Equipment and mining equipment and material handling devices.

This object is achieved by a device and a method according to the independent patent claims. Advantageous exemplary embodiments are listed in the subclaims.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in particular by a bucket wheel excavator arrangement (SRBA) set up for mining material by pivoting (advancing) a bucket wheel (SR) and by translational displacement (in particular forward into the material) of a chassis of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement in each case relative to the material, the bucket wheel excavator arrangement having a has a substructure that can be arranged on a standing level (floor, subsurface) and a superstructure pivoted about an at least approximately vertical pivot axis with the paddle wheel mounted thereon on a boom, the paddle wheel being arranged or positionable at a predefinable holding height relative to the standing plane; wherein the bucket wheel excavator arrangement is set up for a single disk operation, in which the excavation in only a single excavation disk with an at least approximately constant elevation angle (Tilt angle) of the boom or the entire superstructure relative to the substructure or at least approximately constant holding height, with the paddle wheel for single-disk operation in a predefined height position at a holding height corresponding to the standing level (arrangement of the underside of the paddle wheel or the lower end of the dismantling disk at the level of the standing level) or is exclusively height-adjustable in a range of variation with respect to the standing level limited to the single dismantling pane, in particular with a variation range specified by at least one height stop, corresponding to a maximum of 10% to 20% of the Bucket wheel diameter (optionally also up to 30% or 40%).

This configuration of the SRBA enables efficient material degradation in single-disk operation and can also overcome disadvantages of many previously known SR arrangements that are designed for multi-disk operation, as explained in more detail below.

Typical paddle wheel diameters are, for example, in the range from 4m to 15m. The pane height is e.g. in the range from 2m to 10m.

The substructure can include the chassis and drives, actuators, axles, carriers, supports, balancing weights and similar components.

The height variation range can in particular be specified by setting the elevation angle or the holding height to a (structurally, device-technically feasible) variation range with regard to the desired disk height (percentage used dismantling height of the paddle wheel, e.g. 60% of the diameter of the paddle wheel) and / or with regard to the Bucket wheel diameter is limited (in terms of construction or device technology) or is restricted (in terms of process technology or control technology).

According to the invention, the vertical adjustment angle (elevation; raising or lowering of the paddle wheel) does not need to be particularly large. The option of being able to implement a slight raising or lowering is advantageous, in particular in order to enable a cutting or cutting out (ramp cut) and / or an adaptation of the standing plane in a simple or particularly flexible manner. Such a height variation can, however, be significantly less than with standard excavators, so that the design requirements and construction costs for devices that are set up for the inventive method of material extraction can be significantly reduced (in particular smaller cylinders, lower excavator heights , and the same).

The present invention is also based on the knowledge that the block efficiency can be maximized by also minimizing the set-up and dead times in single-disk operation or through single-disk operation. In contrast to this, the prevailing opinion so far was that dismantling in a plurality of slices (at least two or three slices) could lead to cost reductions, especially since it was assumed that the number of belt reversals (set-up time for repositioning material flow paths) would be involved is comparatively low.

The following abbreviations are also used in the present patent application: bucket wheel SR, bucket wheel excavator SRB, bucket wheel excavator arrangement SRBA.

In single-pane operation, it can be particularly advantageous to achieve the greatest possible pane height. It has been shown that a disk height in the range of 25 to 75% of the SR diameter can be particularly advantageous. In other words: the slice height of the mined material is, for example, approx. 50% of the SR diameter. Single-pane operation is particularly advantageous for comparatively high panes.

The present invention is also based on the knowledge that a particularly high block efficiency can be achieved through single-disk operation, i.e. the efficiency with which a dismantling block (predefined, geometrically predetermined area for a dismantling sequence with a predeterminable movement pattern of the SRB) can be compared can be processed at the theoretically possible reduction rate (theoretically maximum funding volume). In particular, the block efficiency can be in the comparatively very high range of 90% to 95%. In particular, compared to standard compact excavators (with a block efficiency typically in the range of 75 to a maximum of 80% for long booms), an approx. 20% higher conveying capacity can be ensured with a comparable bucket wheel, i.e. with similarly large systems and devices. This is a significant increase in efficiency. According to the invention, this increase in efficiency can also be achieved by means of comparatively simple, inexpensive devices.

Consequently, the present invention proposes a completely new dismantling concept, namely dismantling as large as possible in a single height level before optionally another height level is dismantled. A block depth can also be freely selected, in particular a comparatively large block depth; for example will after a double or a quadruple pivoting movement, a predefined sequence of movements is repeated in each case. A dismantling concept advantageous according to the invention can therefore also consist, for example, on the use of two or three SRB, which dismantle one after the other on two or three height levels without leaving the respective height level or without moving the paddle wheel in the height direction between several height levels. In various applications, this concept can be more advantageous (in particular more efficient) than a comparatively stationary SRB, which dismantles in two, three or even more height levels at at least approximately the same standing position.

1. 1/ Minimierung von Zeitverlusten für Scheiben- und Blockwechsel (Anheben und Absenken des SR, Rückfahrten, Neupositionierung des SR für jede Scheibe in jedem Block) bzw. Eliminierung derartiger Rüstzeiten;
2. 2/ Steuerung der Schwenkvorgänge mit variablen Schwenkwinkeln, insbesondere zwecks Kompensierung von Förderleistungsverlusten an beiden Enden des jeweiligen Schwenkbereiches;
3. 3/ höhere Blockeffizienz des SRB insbesondere bei vergleichsweise schmalen Block- bzw. Scheibenbreiten.

It has been shown that the advantageously high conveying capacity according to the invention can be ensured essentially thanks to the following measures and effects:

1. 1 / minimization of time losses for disc and block changes (lifting and lowering of the SR, return journeys, repositioning of the SR for each disc in each block) or elimination of such set-up times;
2. 2 / Control of the swivel processes with variable swivel angles, in particular for the purpose of compensating for losses in conveying capacity at both ends of the respective swivel range;
3. 3 / higher block efficiency of the SRB, especially with comparatively narrow block or slice widths.

Further advantages of the single-disc dismantling procedure can be demonstrated in terms of a comparatively high block efficiency or high average conveying capacity over the entire single-disc ropes or also in relation to multi-disc ropes. It has been shown that, in particular due to a limited block depth in multi-target operation, an SRB is forced to change the holding height of the SR several times in each block, to drive back in idle mode or to drive up to the new block start area, to reposition the SR in the next target ( new swivel, right of way and height position), and possibly also the standing plane in front of the chassis (caterpillars) to prepare or clear out by at least one idle swivel movement. All of these idle times in multi-slice operation can account for up to 30% of the available dismantling time and thus significantly reduce the average conveying capacity or block efficiency.

Such disadvantages can be overcome according to the invention in single-disk operation. The present invention is based in particular on the concept of a limited range of height variation for the SR.

The dismantling concept according to the invention also enables a device, in particular an SRB, in which / in which a significantly smaller structural height can be achieved compared to standard excavators. In this way, in particular, slimmer or smaller-dimensioned lifting cylinders and, viewed in absolute terms, also smaller fixed or moving masses can be realized, that is to say an overall significantly slimmer construction. This can also provide great cost advantages, both in terms of acquisition and in terms of operation and maintenance and servicing of the device.

Advantages of the height range limited according to the invention become even clearer when a comparison is made with multi-disk operation: the chassis height is also comparatively large for standard SRBs. The inclination (tilt angle) of the SR boom when dismantling lower disks is therefore comparatively strongly negative, and for middle disks the position of the boom is approximately horizontal, for example, and for the upper disks the inclination is comparatively strongly positive. This places great demands on storage and support; The different boom inclinations, in combination with "swiveling" (about the vertical axis) and "tilting" (about the horizontal axis) of the SR relative to the boom, can cause the SR to be inclined relative to the excavation slope (deterioration of the cutting geometry of the digging tools) and the conveyor belt to run incorrectly . These disadvantages can also be overcome or circumvented in a simple manner according to the invention.

• Insbesondere dank weitgehend konstanter Abbauhöhe kann eine Zahnoptimierung (Optimierung der Wirkung der verwendeten Werkzeuge, insbesondere Zähne am Schaufelrad) noch effektiver werden. Grabkräfte (insbesondere auch Reaktionskräfte auf die SRBA) können besonders effektiv minimiert werden, insbesondere auch mit dem Folge-Effekt, dass ein besonders geringer Zahnverschleiß und einer besonders hohen Lebensdauer der Zähne sichergestellt werden können. Zudem können auch vergleichsweise kleine (Antriebs-)Motoren vorgesehen werden (minimiertes Investitionsvolumen). Indem das Abbau-Konzept auch hinsichtlich des Bewegungspfades der gesamten SRBA optimiert werden kann, ist es möglich, die erforderliche absolute Fahrstrecke beispielsweise um den Faktor 2 zu verkürzen, insbesondere auch mit dem Folge-Effekt, dass auch ein Verschleiß an den Fahrwerken und diesbezügliche Folge-Kosten minimiert werden können.

Further advantages of the invention can be mentioned:

• In particular, thanks to the largely constant removal height, tooth optimization (optimization of the effect of the tools used, in particular teeth on the paddle wheel) can be even more effective. Digging forces (in particular also reaction forces on the SRBA) can be minimized particularly effectively, in particular with the consequent effect that particularly low tooth wear and a particularly long service life of the teeth can be ensured. In addition, comparatively small (drive) motors can also be provided (minimized investment volume). Since the dismantling concept can also be optimized with regard to the movement path of the entire SRBA, it is possible to shorten the required absolute travel distance, for example by a factor of 2, in particular with the consequence that also wear on the chassis and the related consequences -Costs can be minimized.

Last but not least, not only can the SRBA itself be made particularly slim, but also an optimization of further components for the material flow can be made possible: Thanks to the particularly high block efficiency according to the invention, a desired annual flow rate can be ensured with a comparatively low (reduced) maximum flow rate, so that conveyor belts and similar material flow components can be made leaner or smaller.

The degradation can take place at least approximately at the same constant degradation height in a height range corresponding to the disk height that can be predefined / predefined by the paddle wheel.

The bucket wheel SR can be mounted, for example, about an at least approximately horizontal axis of rotation. The SR can be offset to the pivot axis (so-called projection).

The holding height is to be understood in particular as the height position of the lower edge of the paddle wheel, corresponding to the height position of the lower edge of the dismantled disk in the material.

A dismantling height is to be understood as a device-related, structurally predetermined area in which the SRBA can dismantle. In contrast to the pane height (actual individually selected dismantling height section), the dismantling height can in particular also be predefined by the tilting range that is possible in terms of the device (which is defined in particular by the tilting angle and length of the boom of the SR).

According to the concept of the present invention, adjustability about a tilting axis is not necessarily required, at most in a narrow angular range, so that the phrase “elevation angle” is preferred here instead of “tilting angle”.

According to the invention, efficient dismantling can also take place largely without tilting adjustment movements using an SRBA that has been optimized for this purpose; For example, only small position corrections in the single-digit degree range are desirable, or the SR of the SRBA is only adjusted in the elevation angle (i.e. tilted around a tilt axis) if a ramp is to be created using the SRBA (negative elevation / Tilt angle).

• - kürzere Verstell-Längen bzw. Stellwege für Aktuatoren, insbesondere kürzere Hubzylinderlänge (Reduktion um ca. 30... 70%);
• - Reduzierung der Befestigungshöhe für den SR-Ausleger (Reduktion um ca. 20... 50%), und entsprechende Vorteile hinsichtlich Stahlbau, Materialeinsatz und Masse/Gewicht (reduzierte Anforderungen an Freiraum für Bewegungsfreiheit);
• - kürzere Auslegerlänge, insbesondere da die Auslegerneigung (Variation des ElevationsWinkels) nicht so stark durch eine kritische Förderbandneigung begrenzt ist;
• - eine/die Bandübergabe bzw. Materialübergabe im Schwenkachsenbereich kann entbehrlich werden und z.B. weiter nach achtern verlagert werden, wodurch konstruktive Gestaltungsspielräume geschaffen werden;
• - die Schneidgeometrie des Schaufelrades ist auf vergleichsweise einfache Weise auf die einzelne Scheibe optimierbar (insbesondere eindeutigere, weniger stark variierende Bewegungspfade und Relativbewegungen durch das Material), wodurch die erforderliche Antriebsleistung und der Verschleiß reduziert werden können;
• - ein etwaiger Schieflauf eines/des Förderbandes kann dank effektiverer (spezifischerer) Anpassung auf nur eine vordefinierte Bandneigung vergleichsweise einfach unterbunden oder verhindert oder zumindest kompensiert werden;
• - erleichterte Möglichkeiten zum Realisieren einer Förderstromanbindung (Materialfluss-Kopplung) des SRB an Strossenbänder (insbesondere abfördernde Bänder) von kleineren mobilen Transportbandgeräten (z.B. von so genannten „Grasshopper“), welche auch kostengünstiger als z.B. große sperrige Bandschleifenwagen herstellbar, transportierbar und nutzbar sind, so dass auch Vorteile in der gesamten Materialfluss-Kette stromab vom SRB sichergestellt werden können.

The single-disk operation according to the invention and the SRBA designed for this also enable the following structural advantages and corresponding cost advantages to be realized, in particular in comparison to multiple-disk operation, in particular thanks to the significant reduction in the required height range (holding height) for the SR:

• - Shorter adjustment lengths or travel ranges for actuators, in particular shorter lifting cylinder lengths (reduction by approx. 30 ... 70%);
• - Reduction of the mounting height for the SR boom (reduction by approx. 20 ... 50%), and corresponding advantages in terms of steel construction, use of materials and mass / weight (reduced requirements for free space for freedom of movement);
• - shorter boom length, especially since the boom inclination (variation of the elevation angle) is not so limited by a critical conveyor belt inclination;
• - A / the belt transfer or material transfer in the swivel axis area can be dispensed with and, for example, be relocated further aft, creating design leeway;
• The cutting geometry of the paddle wheel can be optimized in a comparatively simple manner for the individual disk (in particular clearer, less strongly varying movement paths and relative movements through the material), as a result of which the required drive power and wear can be reduced;
• - Any misalignment of a / the conveyor belt can be prevented or prevented or at least compensated for comparatively easily thanks to more effective (more specific) adaptation to only one predefined belt inclination;
• - Easier options for realizing a conveyor flow connection (material flow coupling) of the SRB to bench belts (in particular conveying belts) of smaller mobile conveyor belt devices (e.g. so-called "Grasshopper"), which can also be manufactured, transported and used more cost-effectively than, for example, large, bulky tripper carriages, so that advantages in the entire material flow chain downstream of the SRB can also be ensured.

In particular, these advantages can also be realized cumulatively, with a view to an advantageous compromise between cost expenditure and block efficiency and the least possible use of equipment and devices. In the figures below, a material flow chain using bench belts is discussed in greater detail by way of example.

According to one embodiment, the bucket wheel excavator arrangement has at least one Swivel actuator and at least one propulsion actuator, the actuators each being set up to regulate the swivel movement (feed) and the translational displacement for single-disc operation, in particular also with a temporal overlap. The highest possible efficiency can also be achieved based solely on optimized swiveling and propulsion movements.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the paddle wheel is positioned at a holding height which varies in a height variation range of a maximum of 5% of the paddle wheel diameter relative to the standing plane. This means that the dismantling height can also be kept as constant as possible, so that, for example, no or no particularly large height variations are required for subsequent dismantling steps from adjacent stand levels.

According to one embodiment, the bucket wheel excavator arrangement has a tilt actuator (in particular in the form of a lifting cylinder), which is limited to a height variation range of the holding height of 10 to 20% (optionally also up to 30% or 40%) of the bucket wheel diameter (minimum and maximum tilt position). This range of variation has also turned out to be a good compromise in order to be able to optionally implement a development of ramps even with a SR of the SRBA that is hardly variable in the height direction, especially also with negative elevation angles (holding height lower than standing level).

According to one embodiment, the bucket wheel excavator arrangement has at least one tilting stop (height stop), by means of which the range of variation for the elevation angle is limited to ± 20 °, in particular ± 10 ° around the standing plane. Last but not least, this also facilitates the approach to predefined relative positions, in particular with regard to predefined mining heights or predefined ramp gradients.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the elevation angle is structurally limited and can be varied in the range of a maximum of 5 to 10 degrees, starting from an elevation angle corresponding to the holding height in coincidence with the standing plane.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the bucket wheel excavator arrangement is set up and designed for a maximum elevation angle of plus 15 degrees and / or minus 15 degrees for a height-varying holding height in each case in relation to the standing plane, in particular the horizontal plane, in particular around a tilting axis of the entire superstructure or the correspondingly limited tilting angle Boom.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the elevation angle or the holding height is / is limited or restricted to a range of variation corresponding to a maximum of 5% of the disk height and / or corresponding to a maximum of 3% of the impeller diameter. Last but not least, this (structural) restriction of the height variation range also enables a slim design and a comparatively robust structure with tightly predefined power flow paths, so that a chassis or substructure of the SRBA can also be designed or dimensioned comparatively slim.

Optionally, the elevation angle or the holding height can also be limited or restricted to a variation range corresponding to a maximum of 5% to 10% of the projection of the SR, in particular in addition to the other parameter ranges described here. The outreach is the horizontal distance of the SR relative to the pivot axis of the boom of the SR.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the excavation height is defined by the following range in relation to the standing plane: plus a maximum of the maximum disc height that can be realized by means of the impeller and minus a maximum of 20% of the impeller diameter.

According to one embodiment, the constructively realizable reduction height extends up to a maximum of 70% of the impeller diameter above the standing level. This dismantling area has proven to be useful for many SR types, especially with regard to a stable dismantling wall.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the dismantling height (structural, device-related) is limited to a height that corresponds at most to the level of the standing plane plus the diameter of the paddle wheel. Although this configuration requires a comparatively large upward variation in height of the SR, in individual cases, especially in the case of comparatively small, light SR, it can be an advantageous compromise between a slim design of the overall construction and variability. The standing height (height of the support level) of the substructure corresponds to the level of the standing level. The SRBA is therefore particularly set up to dismantle at a maximum height corresponding to the level of the standing level plus the diameter of the SR.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the SRBA is set up and designed for a ramp intersection angle in the range of plus / minus 6 to 10 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane or standing plane. This improves the procedural variability, in particular with regard to a dismantling method in single-disk operation several stand levels. The “ramp cutting angle” is to be understood as the maximum permissible inclination of the standing plane in the ramp cutting area at which safe operation of the SRB is still possible. A “ramp” at the end of the disc is particularly required in order to be able to move excavators from one standing level to another standing level. As the excavation slope progresses in the direction of excavation, an existing ramp is repeatedly excavated and new ones cut underneath.

According to one embodiment, the boom of the superstructure, in particular in an at least approximately horizontal orientation, is mounted on the superstructure and / or on the substructure by means of at least one lifting cylinder (tilt actuator) for a variation of the elevation angle or the holding height. In this way, for example, comparatively small height adjustments can be made, in particular without noticeably influencing the operating state of the SRBA.

According to one embodiment, the holding height can be adjusted by means of at least one lifting cylinder in the corresponding range of variation for single disc operation, in particular by varying the elevation angle of the boom by only a few degrees, in particular in the single-digit range, in particular for negative holding heights. This optionally extends, for example, the use of the SRB to create a ramp, e.g. when dismantling single-pane successively in several stopes, each connected via a ramp.

The superstructure, in particular a / the boom of the superstructure, preferably has at least one conveyor belt device which has a comparatively narrow one. This enables further device-related optimizations.

The superstructure preferably has at least one conveyor belt device which is dimensioned for a maximum delivery rate variation of only a few percent in relation to the average delivery rate of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement (standard output). In this way, a material buffering requirement can also be minimized. The material can be transported in particular up to the pivot axis. The conveyor belt device can in particular extend at least as far as the pivot axis. The conveyor belt device has, for example, at least one circulating conveyor belt.

At least one further conveyor belt device can also be provided on the superstructure, which is arranged and set up for the transport of material from the pivot axis to at least one discharge or transfer point.

According to one embodiment, the pivot axis can be tilted (varied) in the range of 5 to 10 or up to 15 degrees with respect to the normal to the standing plane in the elevation angle of the entire superstructure, in particular by means of actuators such as lifting cylinders or the like, in particular also for negative holding heights. As a result, there can also be good support with regard to the pivoting movement, in particular largely independent of the tilt angle.

According to one embodiment, the swivel angle can be varied in the range of ± 75 ° or ± 80 °, in particular in the range of ± 60 ° or ± 70 ° with respect to the propulsion direction of the chassis. This also makes it possible to realize an advantageously large block width, which is also advantageous in terms of high block efficiencies.

According to one embodiment, the bucket wheel excavator arrangement SRBA is designed as a single-disc bucket wheel excavator or comprises this, the single-disc bucket wheel excavator being dimensioned or designed exclusively for a holding height corresponding to the standing level (SR does not remove material deeper than the standing level), optionally with a previously described one Height variation range. This makes tilting axes or height variation mechanisms unnecessary. Such an SRBA can be designed to be particularly slim and inexpensive, in particular also to be comparatively robust. In particular, the SRBA can thereby be designed to be particularly compact and lighter (low mass), in particular slimmer than an SRBA provided for multi-disk operation.

According to one embodiment, the paddle wheel or the SRBA is set up for mining in a disk with a disk height in the range of at least 70% to 75% of the paddle wheel diameter. Utilizing the greatest possible height section of the entire diameter is also advantageous in terms of efficiency. In particular, the excavation height can optionally be set via the depth (in particular in a comparatively large range of variation) with which the SR is retracted into the material.

According to one embodiment, the ratio of the disk height (excavation height) relative to the SR diameter can be set in the range from 0.3 to 0.8, in particular also by means of tilt actuators and / or by adjusting the propulsion to the desired penetration depth. In this way, high process variability can be ensured, in particular by means of a comparatively simple structure. Optionally, the range of variation for the ratio can be further narrowed down, especially if the SRBA is for very specific applications should be designed or constructed, which allow an even smaller range of variation.

According to the invention, the aforementioned object is also achieved in particular by a method for mining material by pivoting (advancing) a bucket wheel and by translational displacement (in particular forward into the material) of a chassis relative to the material, in particular by means of a bucket wheel excavator arrangement described above, the bucket wheel for dismantling is arranged (or is arranged or remains arranged) at a predefinable height in relation to a standing level (ground, subsurface) and is pivoted about an at least approximately vertical pivot axis, the paddle wheel being positioned at a predefinable holding height relative to the standing plane or is actively positioned; with the dismantling starting from the selected standing level in single-disk operation in only one single dismantling disk at least approximately at the same constant dismantling height over the disk height predefined by the paddle wheel with at least approximately constant elevation angle or with at least approximately constant holding height by pivoting the paddle wheel and by the translational shifting takes place (in particular exclusively by pivoting and translational shifting), in particular in a height position of the paddle wheel corresponding to the standing plane (arrangement of the underside of the paddle wheel or the lower end of the dismantling disk at the height of the standing plane), with any (optional) Variation of the elevation angle or the holding height is limited to a range of variation with respect to the disc height and / or with respect to the paddle wheel diameter, in particular with a / the variation range of a maximum of 10% to 20% (optionally also up to 30% or 40% ) of the bucket wheel diameter, in particular with a / the variation range corresponding to a maximum of 1 to 15 degrees of the elevation angle of a boom on a superstructure of a bucket wheel excavator arrangement. This results in the aforementioned advantages. In individual cases, the range of variation can also be comparatively large for single-disk operation, in particular up to 30% or even 40% of the SR diameter. In particular, all devices in a continuous mining chain (especially SRB and tripper car or conveyor bridges) can be made significantly smaller in height or more compact than in multi-disk operation.

The pivoting essentially provides the material degradation, so that the pivoting in the present method can also be referred to as feed. An additional propulsion movement of the chassis can be superimposed on the advance or carried out separately in a specific time window, depending on the application. The propulsive movement (drive of the chassis on a straight or curved path of movement) can in particular take place periodically or cyclically, in particular when the pivoting direction changes. The chassis can be driven, for example, by caterpillars, in particular by means of double crawler chassis.

The pivoting can, for example, be carried out as a continuous lateral pivoting. The pivot axis can in particular be aligned at least approximately vertically.

Individual blades can be rotated cyclically around an axis of rotation by means of the blade wheel and brought into engagement with the material to be mined over a circumferential range of e.g. 70 to 120 degrees.

The elevation angle can in particular be defined as the angle between the longitudinal axis of the arm or boom of the superstructure and the horizontal plane. The elevation angle can also be referred to as the tilt angle (tilt = change in angle about an at least approximately horizontal axis). In contrast to this, in the present description, pivoting is to be understood as a change in angle about an at least approximately vertical axis.

The present invention is also based on the knowledge that the block efficiency of standard SRB can be optimized (in particular also with regard to minimized set-up times and relocation times without intervention in the material), as explained in the following example. A block efficiency program for a standard SRB for multi-disk operation with, for example, seven disks illustrates the temporal distribution of the individual work steps with a block efficiency of approx. 75 percent assumed for the present example: swiveling and conveying takes place during approx. 84% of the time, approx , 5% of the time switching takes place, approx. 0.5% of the time cutting takes place, approx. 7.5% of the time a disc change takes place, and approx. 3.5% of the time has to be spent on a block change; Furthermore, about 3.1% of the time must be planned for swiveling processes, in particular for moving the superstructure from the angular position at the end of the pane and block removal time into the new swivel position at the beginning of a new pane. With regard to set-up times and relocation times without dismantling time alone, a savings potential according to the invention in the region of 10% can be assumed.

For example, at the end of each pane (swivel angle range completely traversed) an incision process (propulsion of the chassis, in particular in the translatory direction into the Material) into a new pane in the same dismantling level. Optionally, cornering can also be undertaken by means of the chassis, possibly in combination with a ramp cut. Such movement paths can in particular also be specified as a function of analyzes with regard to block efficiency.

A procedure in single-disk operation can also be characterized by referring to the ramp position or ramp height. In single-disc operation, the respective ramp is only as high as a single disc; With multiple slices, however, the ramp must be as high as an entire block, depending on the number of slices.

According to one embodiment, the pivoting takes place by means of at least one pivot actuator and / or propulsion by means of at least one propulsion actuator, the pivoting movement (advancement) and the translational displacement being regulated for single-disc operation, in particular also with a temporal overlap, in particular without height variation the SR holding height. As a result, the mining process can also be carried out at a constant elevation angle, in particular exclusively based on movement parameters in the standing plane or in the same height plane.

According to one embodiment, the paddle wheel is positioned at a holding height which varies a maximum of 5% of the paddle wheel diameter relative to the standing plane. Optionally, the holding height even remains constant. As a result, the material removal can be controlled and regulated essentially based on the propulsion movement of the chassis and the pivoting movement of the superstructure, i.e. without (noticeable) height variation.

According to one embodiment, the elevation angle is structurally limited and is varied in the range of a maximum of 5 to 10 degrees starting from an elevation angle corresponding to the holding height in line with the standing plane (SR underside at the height of the standing plane).

According to one embodiment, a maximum elevation angle (in terms of amount) of plus 15 degrees and / or minus 15 degrees is set for a height-varying holding height in relation to the standing plane, in particular the horizontal plane.

According to one embodiment, the elevation angle or the holding height is / is limited or restricted to a range of variation corresponding to a maximum of 5% of the disk height and / or corresponding to a maximum of 3% of the impeller diameter.

This comparatively small height variation range provides the advantages already described above, and at the same time also does not allow any corrections or the creation of ramps.

According to one embodiment, the dismantling height is defined by the following area in relation to the standing plane: plus a maximum of the maximum disc height that can be realized by means of the impeller and minus a maximum of 20% of the impeller diameter. According to one embodiment, the dismantling height is limited to a height corresponding at most to the level of the standing plane plus the diameter of the paddle wheel. In this way, advantages already described above can also be realized.

According to one embodiment, the boom of the superstructure, in particular in an at least approximately horizontal orientation, is mounted and aligned on the superstructure and / or on the substructure for a variation of the elevation angle or the holding height.

According to one embodiment, the holding height is set in the corresponding range of variation by translatory adjusting movements for single-disc operation, in particular by varying the elevation angle of the boom.

According to one embodiment, the pivot axis is tilted in the range of 5 to 10 degrees with respect to the normal to the standing plane in the elevation angle of the entire superstructure in order to set the holding height.

According to one embodiment, the swivel angle is varied in the range of ± 75 °, in particular in the range of ± 60 ° in relation to the propulsion direction of the chassis. In this way, advantages already described above can also be realized.

According to one embodiment, dismantling takes place in single-disc operation one after the other on several standing levels by arranging the bucket wheel excavator arrangement on the corresponding standing level (in particular with a constant elevation angle or constant holding height), in particular by connecting the standing levels via ramps, which are created by means of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement are / are (especially with a negative tilt angle and a holding height lower than the corresponding standing level). Last but not least, this also enables the development and dismantling of very great dismantling heights with comparatively slim equipment, in particular by means of comparatively small paddle wheels. In particular, the following arrangement of further material flow components can be advantageous: at least one Belt carriage downstream of the SRB, which connects the SRB with a bench belt in the same standing level or a lower standing level; in particular also in accordance with an arrangement according to the following description of the figures.

According to one embodiment, the flow of material by means of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement or by means of a bucket wheel excavator of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement is ensured exclusively in the height range of one / the single excavation disk during dismantling. In other words: the SRBA or the SRB only needs to transport the excavated material at a very small height until the material can be dropped onto a conveyor belt, for example, and transported further by downstream material flow devices. Accordingly, the forces and moments acting on the SRBA can also be absorbed and passed on comparatively well by the construction of the SRBA. In particular, forces and moments around the tilt axis can be minimized.

According to one embodiment, the dismantling takes place by means of a single bucket wheel of a single-disc bucket wheel excavator, in particular without height variation of the holding height, exclusively by pivoting and shifting (two-dimensional movement range, in particular predefined by holding height). As a result, the movement patterns can also be simplified and the movement paths can be traveled comparatively efficiently.

According to one embodiment, the dismantling also takes place in different height positions and disks, which, however, are only approached by adapting the standing plane of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement. In other words: The single-pane operation is ensured even with a dismantling process in several panes arranged one above the other by shifting the SRBA to a corresponding standing level (1: 1 correlation of standing level and dismantling disc; for each dismantling disc, an individually specified standing level for the SRBA). Last but not least, this also enables material to be broken down over numerous disks one after the other without the SRBA having to be designed for multi-disk operation.

According to one embodiment, in single-disk operation, a disk with a disk height in the range from 30% to 75% of the paddle wheel diameter is dismantled, in particular in the range from 50% to 75% of the paddle wheel diameter. The disk height is preferably as high as possible in relation to the SR diameter. This also provides high efficiency.

According to one embodiment, in single-disk operation, a disk with a disk height in the range from 30% to 75% of the paddle wheel diameter is dismantled, in particular in the range from 50% to 75% of the paddle wheel diameter. This makes good use of the available capacity, and the method also provides good efficiency. It has been shown that single-disk operation is particularly advantageous with a maximally large disk height, in particular at least 70% or even at least 75% of the SR diameter. The amount of the pane height can be quantified by referring to the standing plane.

According to the invention, the aforementioned object is also achieved in particular by a control / regulating device set up for controlling a bucket wheel excavator arrangement described above and / or for regulating a previously described method, the control / regulating device being in communication with a plurality of actuators that are set up for executing pivoting and propulsion movements for a single disc operation in at least approximately the same constant hold-out height of a bucket wheel, in particular as a function of two-dimensional position parameters without reference to height positions, in particular with the hold-out height at least approximately corresponding to the standing height of a bucket wheel excavator arrangement, in particular without Tilting movements or without varying the elevation angle. A regulation based on height position data can in particular be dispensed with at least for a predetermined constant standing plane. Any reasonable height corrections of the holding height with respect to a predefined standing level or with respect to a changing standing level can also be made before or after processing a block, in particular in a time window in which no material is to be conveyed. This results in the aforementioned advantages. In particular, regulation can also take place in such a way that a maximum material flow rate is provided as a function of a swivel speed regulation. A variation in the height of the pane and optionally also a depth of cut can be largely compensated for over the entire pivoting range in such a way that the downstream conveyor belts are loaded as homogeneously as possible over the entire pivoting angle. Such optimization measures can also be carried out in connection with block efficiency analyzes. The present invention provides adequate devices and methods for this purpose.

The control / regulating device can also be provided for a translational local displacement of the entire SRB, in particular for a controlled drive of the chassis ahead into the material, especially when swiveling the SR. For example, the control / regulating device is set up to control / regulate a translational feed between two successive pivoting movements (in particular at the time of pivoting at the end of a pivoting range). For example, in order to maximize the conveying capacity, advance travel can already be initiated during the pivoting, for example simultaneously with a braking of the pivoting movement; Likewise, the advance movement can be braked or terminated in an acceleration phase of the subsequent swiveling process (control / regulation of the advance and advance movement overlapping in time).

According to the invention, the aforementioned object is also achieved in particular by a computer program product designed to carry out a previously described method when the method is specified by a computer or is controlled by means of a computer, with the computer program product at least one control parameter comprising a movement parameter of a movement in the standing plane a bucket wheel excavator arrangement is determined with a predefined constant height coordinate, with respect to which the method is regulated, in particular without reference to height positions, exclusively based on two-dimensional position parameters, in particular position parameters predefined by the constant holding height of a bucket wheel. This results in the aforementioned advantages.

According to the invention, the aforementioned object is also achieved in particular by using a bucket wheel excavator arrangement for mining material by pivoting a bucket wheel and by translationally displacing a chassis, in particular a bucket wheel excavator arrangement described above, the bucket wheel being positioned at a single predefined holding height for single disc operation and in the vertical direction is varied at most in a height variation range for setting the single disc operation, in particular with respect to the standing plane of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement, in particular in such a way that the maximum conveying capacity is set in such a way that the actual block or disc efficiency is at least 90 percent and / or that the average Delivery rate is at least 90 percent of the theoretically possible delivery rate. This results in the aforementioned advantages.

Figure list

• 1 in perspektivischer Ansicht in schematischer Darstellung eine Schaufelradbaggeranordnung für Einscheibenbetrieb gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel, in einer Anordnung in einer einzelnen Scheibe;
• 2A, 2B jeweils in einer Seitenansicht in schematischer Darstellung einen Schaufelradbagger im standardmäßigen Mehrscheibenbetrieb;
• 3, 4, 5, 6 in unterschiedlichen Ansichten (Seitenansichten nah und fern, Draufsicht) in schematischer Darstellung jeweils erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtungen und Verfahren für den Einscheibenbetrieb auf mehreren Standebenen, zum Abbauen des Materials nacheinander in mehreren Höhenebenen, in Abwandlung zu einem Mehrscheibenbetrieb gemäß dem Stand der Technik.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the description of at least one exemplary embodiment with reference to drawings and from the drawings themselves

• 1 a perspective view in a schematic representation of a bucket wheel excavator arrangement for single-disk operation according to an exemplary embodiment, in an arrangement in a single disk;
• 2A , 2 B each in a side view in a schematic representation of a bucket wheel excavator in standard multi-disc operation;
• 3 , 4th , 5 , 6th In different views (side views near and far, top view) in a schematic representation of devices and methods according to the invention for single-disk operation on several levels, for dismantling the material one after the other in several height levels, as a modification to multi-disk operation according to the prior art.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In the case of reference symbols that are not explicitly described with reference to an individual figure, reference is made to the other figures.

For the sake of easier understanding, the figures are first described together with reference to all reference symbols. Details or special features shown in the respective figures are described individually.

The mining area for material mining by means of paddle wheels can be defined by the following references: The paddle wheel SR is in a mining disc 1 pivoted, in which the SR is held in substantially the same height position. The SR can also move in the direction of advance x be relocated. Through this dismantling process, a bench is created, which extends in the direction of advance x to the end of a stop 3 extends, substantially orthogonal to a degradation direction y . The swivel range of the SR defines a block width 4th for the respective dismantling block. The height of the excavation block or of the material excavated from a standing level is defined in particular by the height of the pane. Several stopes, which can be created one after the other, are each via a ramp 2 (Ramp cutting angle β ) connected to one another or made accessible to the dismantling machines. Belt carts can be placed on the individual bench stops for the removal of material 5 , in particular tripper car, and / or bench belts 6th be provided. The conveyor belt 5 can optionally be provided for a material flow in / on a single bench or across several benchs from one height level to a lower or higher height level.

A bucket wheel excavator assembly 10 (SRBA) includes a bucket wheel excavator 10a (SRB) with at least one paddle wheel 11 (SR), a landing gear 12th and a substructure 13th as well as a superstructure 14th with at least one about a pivot axis Z10 swiveling boom 15th . The SR 11 is on the boom 15th stored, the flow of material in particular by means of conveyor belts 18th can be ensured. By means of a control / regulating device 20th Movement paths and dismantling schemes can be set and specified. Position sensors or other measuring devices (not shown) can record the current position data and degradation parameters.

The boom 15th or the SR 11 can vary in height Δz be positioned, in particular by changing an elevation angle a (Tilt angle) of the boom 15th , in particular by a tilting movement around a tilting axis Y15 on the superstructure 14th , in particular by means of a tilt actuator 17th . Optionally, the height variation range Δz by one or more height and / or tilt stops 16 be specified or limited.

The SR 11 has a paddle wheel diameter D11 on, through which the realizable reduction height z1 (Height of the dismantling disk 1 ) is specified or limited.

The SRBA 10 is on one level XY positioned. Due to the alignment or inclination of the boom 15th becomes the SR holding height z11 (in particular the height position of the underside of the SR) is defined.

The 1 illustrates the mining area with a view of a bucket wheel excavator arrangement SRBA 10 . It can be seen that the SRBA is shifting to a stand level and is working to remove material, which also defines the base or lower limit of the dismantling disc. The mining area is driven through by swiveling movements (superstructure) and propulsion movements (chassis). In other words: the paddle wheel SR is (with its underside as the reference height, corresponding to the holding height) not (or not significantly) displaced higher than the standing plane upwards, and also not necessarily further downwards, but is essentially in a holding height held at least approximately corresponding to the standing level. Optionally, in this height position, the SR can also be supported or damped (buffered) on supports, that is to say in this a predefined height position or with this a predefined elevation angle. Depending on the size of the SR 11 is a more or less strong inclination of a boom 15th in the downward direction characteristic of the arrangement according to the invention. In any case, the boom or the SR does not have to be inclined or shifted in an upward direction.

The two 2A , 2 B (State of the art) illustrate multi-pane operation starting from a single level XY (Degradation in several panes 1 without changing the standing level). With this dismantling concept, it is of course advantageous that the bucket wheel excavator does not have to be positioned on different standing levels. However, this also establishes comparatively complex movement paths for the SR, in particular in all three spatial directions (as shown by the dotted arrows here using the example of three or four disks arranged one above the other and by the depth variation range or the block depth BT indicated). In terms of device technology and construction, the bucket wheel excavator is more complex than an SRBA according to the invention, especially since the SR must be positionable in a large range of height variation (here: at least twice the SR diameter), which on the one hand requires a multi-articulated boom (here: boom with three individual sections / Arms and at least two pivot bearings to enable a translational compensation), and on the other hand also requires a more complex support and a more stable substructure (especially with regard to larger tilting moments due to the large relative heights of the SR). Not least because the SR has to travel comparatively complex movement paths, supporting and mounting the SR is comparatively complex. In contrast, with an SRBA according to the invention, the support and the flow of force can be optimized for a relative alignment of the boom or the SR that can be specified within narrow tolerance ranges, so that the SRBA according to the invention can also be easily scaled, in particular for a comparatively large conveying capacity or for comparatively powerful SR.

3 illustrates a single-disc operation that takes place one after the other in / on three different stand levels XY is carried out. For the removal of material from the boom 15th the SRBA 10 are two belt trucks 5 as well as a bench belt 6th intended. One of the two belt trucks 5 is in / on the same floor level XY like the SRB 10a arranged and connects the SRB 10a with the further belt carriage 5 , which extends over two levels or bench stops and the material flow up to the bench belt 6th to the lowest stand level.

4th illustrates the SRBA 10 in top view. From this perspective it becomes clear that the SRBA 10 the material in the direction of advance x can degrade over a long distance with great efficiency without having to travel through complex movement paths; rather, the movement path can be limited to a combination of pivoting and propulsive movement; these movements are comparatively homogeneous and can be carried out with minimized dynamic load changes. The material removal up to the bench belt 6th takes place downwards from the top to the bottom level or bench 1 , and against the direction of degradation y .

5 illustrates a range of altitude variation Δz for the SR 11 (also indicated by way of example in the upward direction), in which the SR holding height z11 can also be lower than the standing level XY . Such a height variation optionally provides the possibility that a / the ramp 2 by means of the SRB 10a can be created. In other words: the optional height variation to (negative) SR holding heights below the standing level provides even greater self-sufficiency, and a dismantling process in several stopes one after the other can be further simplified or requires very little equipment.

6th illustrates a single-disc operation that takes place one after the other in / on four different stand levels XY is carried out. The bench belt 6th is not arranged on the lowest level in this arrangement, but on the second level from below; in this respect, the entire arrangement is comparable to that shown in 3 is shown.

List of reference symbols

1

Dismantling disk

2

ramp

3

Stop end

4th

Block width

5

Belt trolleys, in particular tripper trolleys

6th

Bench ribbon

10

Bucket Wheel Excavator Assembly (SRBA)

10a

Bucket wheel excavator (SRB)

11

Paddle wheel

12th

landing gear

13th

Substructure

14th

Superstructure

15th

Interpretation

16

Height stop and / or tilt stop

17th

Tilt actuator

18th

Conveyor belt

20th

Control / regulation device

BT

Block depth

D11

Paddle wheel diameter

x

Direction of advance of the chassis

y

Direction of mining, especially in open-cast mining

XY

Stand level

z1

Removal height or height extension of the removal disc

z11

Umpire holding height (especially height position of the underside of the umpire)

Δz

Height variation range

Y15

Tilt axis

Z10

Swivel axis

a

Elevation angle

β

Ramp cutting angle

Claims (17)

Bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) set up for mining material by pivoting a bucket wheel (11) and translationally displacing a chassis (12) of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement, the bucket wheel excavator arrangement having a substructure (13) that can be arranged on a standing plane (XY) and a base (13) that can be swiveled around at least approximately has a vertical pivot axis (Z10) mounted superstructure (14) with the paddle wheel (11) mounted thereon on a boom (15), the paddle wheel being arranged or positionable at a predefinable holding height (z11) relative to the standing plane; characterized in that the bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) is set up for single-disc operation, in which the excavation in only a single excavation disc (1) with an at least approximately constant elevation angle (a) of the boom or the entire superstructure relative to the substructure or at least approximately constant hold-out height (z11), the paddle wheel (11) for single-disc operation being arranged / can be arranged in a pre-defined height position in a hold-out height corresponding to the standing plane (XY) or exclusively in a range of variation (Δz) with respect to the Standing plane can be positioned in height, in particular with a / the range of variation predetermined by at least one height stop (16), corresponding to a maximum of 10% to 20% of the paddle wheel diameter. Bucket wheel excavator arrangement according to Claim 1 , wherein the paddle wheel (11) is positioned at a holding height which is within a range of variation of a maximum of 5% of the paddle wheel Diameter (D11) varies relative to the standing plane; and / or wherein the bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) has a tilt actuator (17) which is limited to a height variation range of the holding height of 10 to 20% of the bucket wheel diameter; and / or wherein the bucket wheel excavator arrangement has at least one tilting stop (16) by means of which the range of variation for the elevation angle is limited to ± 20 °, in particular ± 10 ° around the standing plane; and / or wherein the elevation angle is structurally limited and can be varied in the range of a maximum of 5 to 10 degrees starting from an elevation angle corresponding to the holding height in coincidence with the standing plane; and / or wherein the bucket wheel excavator arrangement is set up and designed for a maximum elevation angle of plus 15 degrees and / or minus 15 degrees for a height-varying holding height (z11) in each case in relation to the standing plane (XY), in particular around a tilting axis correspondingly limited in the tilting angle ( Y15) of the entire superstructure or the boom. Bucket wheel excavator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the excavation height (z1) is defined by the following range in relation to the standing plane (XY): plus a maximum of the maximum disc height that can be realized by means of the bucket wheel (11) and minus a maximum of 20% of the bucket wheel Diameter; and / or wherein the constructively realizable reduction height extends up to a maximum of 70% of the impeller diameter above the standing level; or wherein the dismantling height is limited to a height corresponding to a maximum of the level of the standing plane plus the diameter of the paddle wheel. Bucket wheel excavator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the boom (15) of the superstructure (14), in particular in an at least approximately horizontal orientation, is supported on the superstructure and / or on the substructure by means of at least one lifting cylinder for a variation of the elevation angle or the holding height; and / or wherein the hold-out height can be adjusted by means of at least one lifting cylinder in the corresponding range of variation for single-disc operation, in particular by varying the elevation angle of the boom. Bucket wheel excavator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pivot axis (Z10) can be tilted in the range of 5 to 10 or 15 degrees with respect to the normal to the standing plane in the elevation angle of the entire superstructure, in particular by means of actuators such as lifting cylinders. Bucket wheel excavator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the swivel angle can be varied in the range of ± 75 ° or ± 80 °, in particular in the range of ± 60 ° or ± 70 ° in relation to the propulsion direction (x) of the chassis (12). Bucket wheel excavator arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) is designed as a single disk bucket wheel excavator (10a) or comprises this, wherein the single disk bucket wheel excavator is dimensioned or designed exclusively for a holding height (z11) according to the standing level, optionally with Height variation range according to one of the preceding claims; and / or wherein the impeller is set up for mining in a disc with a disc height in the range from 70% to 75% of the impeller diameter; and / or wherein the ratio of the disk height relative to the paddle wheel diameter can be set in the range from 0.3 to 0.8, in particular by means of tilt actuators. A method for mining material by pivoting a bucket wheel (11) and by translationally displacing a chassis (12), in particular by means of a bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, the bucket wheel (11) for mining at a predefinable height in relation to a standing plane (XY) is arranged and is pivoted about an at least approximately vertical pivot axis (Z10), the paddle wheel being positioned or actively positioned at a predefinable holding height (z11) relative to the standing plane; characterized in that the dismantling, starting from the selected standing plane, takes place in single-disk operation in only a single dismantling disk (1) with at least approximately constant elevation angle (a) or with at least approximately constant holding height by pivoting the paddle wheel and by translational displacement, whereby any variation of the elevation angle or the holding height is limited to a variation range with regard to the disk height and / or with regard to the paddle wheel diameter, in particular with a / the variation range at most 10% to 20% of the paddle wheel diameter, in particular with a / the variation range at most corresponding 1 to 15 degrees of the elevation angle of a boom (15) on a superstructure (14) of a bucket wheel excavator arrangement. Method according to the preceding method claim, wherein the paddle wheel (11) is positioned at a holding height (z11) which varies a maximum of 5% of the paddle wheel diameter (D11) relative to the standing plane; and / or wherein the elevation angle is structurally limited and is varied in the range of a maximum of 5 to 10 degrees starting from an elevation angle corresponding to the holding height in coincidence with the standing plane (XY); and / or wherein a maximum elevation angle of plus 15 degrees and / or minus 15 degrees is set for a height-varying holding height in each case with respect to the standing plane. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, wherein the excavation height (z1) is defined by the following range in relation to the standing plane (XY): plus a maximum of the maximum disc height that can be achieved by means of the impeller (11) and a maximum minus of 20% of the impeller Diameter; and / or wherein the dismantling height (z1) is limited to a height corresponding at most to the level of the standing plane plus the diameter of the paddle wheel. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, wherein the boom (15) of the superstructure, in particular in an at least approximately horizontal orientation, is mounted and aligned for a variation of the elevation angle (a) or the holding height on the superstructure and / or on the substructure; and / or wherein the holding height is set in the corresponding range of variation by translatory adjusting movements for single-disc operation, in particular by varying the elevation angle of the boom. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, wherein, in order to set the holding height, the pivot axis (Z10) is tilted in the range of 5 to 10 degrees with respect to the normal to the standing plane in the elevation angle of the entire superstructure; and / or wherein the pivot angle is varied in the range of ± 75 ° or ± 80 °, in particular in the range of ± 60 ° or ± 70 ° in relation to the propulsion direction (x) of the chassis (12). Method according to one of the preceding method claims, wherein the dismantling is carried out one after the other in single-disc operation on several standing levels (XY) by arranging the bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) for this purpose in each case on the corresponding standing level, in particular by connecting the standing levels via ramps (2) which are / are created by means of the bucket wheel excavator assembly; and / or wherein during mining the material flow by means of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) or by means of a bucket wheel excavator (10a) of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement is ensured exclusively in the height range of one / the single mining disc. Method according to one of the preceding method claims, wherein the dismantling takes place by means of a single bucket wheel (11) of a single-disc bucket wheel excavator, in particular without height variation of the holding height (z11) exclusively by pivoting and shifting; and / or wherein in single-disk operation a disk with a disk height in the range from 30% to 75% of the paddle wheel diameter is broken down, in particular in the range from 50% to 75% of the paddle wheel diameter (D11). Control / regulating device (20) set up to control a bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims and / or for regulating a method according to one of the preceding method claims, the control / regulating device being in communication with a plurality of actuators (17) that are set up to carry out pivoting and propulsion movements for single-disc operation in at least approximately the same constant holding height z11 () of a paddle wheel (11), in particular as a function of two-dimensional position parameters without reference to height positions, in particular with the holding height at least approximately corresponding to a / the standing height of a / the bucket wheel excavator arrangement, in particular without tilting movements. Computer program product set up to carry out a method according to one of the preceding method claims, when the method is specified by a computer or is controlled by means of a computer, wherein by means of the computer program product at least one control parameter comprising a movement parameter of a movement in the standing plane (XY) of a bucket wheel excavator arrangement ( 10) with a predefined constant height coordinate, it is determined with respect to which the method is controlled, in particular without reference to height positions, exclusively based on two-dimensional position parameters, in particular position parameters predefined by a / the constant holding height (z11) of a paddle wheel (11). Use of a bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) for mining material by pivoting a bucket wheel (11) and by translationally displacing a chassis (12), in particular a bucket wheel excavator arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding device claims, the bucket wheel (11) at a single predefined holding height (z11) is positioned for a single disc operation and is varied in the height direction maximally in a height variation range for setting the single disc operation, in particular in relation to the standing plane (XY) of the bucket wheel excavator arrangement, in particular in such a way that the maximum conveying capacity is set in such a way that the actual Block or disk efficiency is at least 90 percent and / or that the average delivery rate is at least 90 percent of the theoretically possible delivery rate.

Images