DE102019211549A1 - Method and layer construction device for the additive production of at least one component segment of a component as well as computer program product and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the additive manufacture of at least one component segment (12) of a component (10), in particular for a turbo machine, comprising at least the following steps: a) applying at least one powder layer (20) of a material (22) to at least one structural and joining zone (60) of at least one movable construction platform (70); b) irradiating the powder layer (20) by means of an energy beam (80) for at least partial solidification of the powder layer (20) while forming the at least one component segment (12), a predetermined target -Surface roughness (Ra_1) of at least one segment surface (14) of the at least one component segment (12) is generated by a relative angle (ζ) assigned to the target surface roughness (Ra_1) between the energy beam (80) and an impact point (16) of the Energy beam (80) is set on the material (22) associated surface normal (17) of the segment surface (14). Further aspects of the Erf Indications relate to a layer construction device (50) for the additive manufacture of at least one component segment (12) of a component (10), a computer program product, a computer-readable storage medium (110) and a component (10).

Description

The invention relates to a method and a layer construction device for the additive manufacture of at least one component segment of a component. Further aspects of the invention relate to a computer program product, a computer-readable storage medium and a component.

In such a method, a powdery material is usually deposited in layers and selectively solidified by means of at least one energy beam in order to additively build up a desired component segment. Such a process, which can also be referred to as an additive or generative manufacturing process, thus differs from conventional abrasive or primary forming manufacturing methods. Examples of the process for additive manufacturing are generative laser sintering or laser melting processes, which can be used, for example, to manufacture components for turbomachines such as aircraft engines. With selective laser melting, thin powder layers of the material or materials used can be applied to a building platform and melted and solidified locally in the area of a build-up and joining zone with the aid of one or more laser beams. Then the construction platform can be lowered, another layer of powder applied and locally solidified again. This cycle can be repeated until the finished component or the finished component segment is obtained. The component or component segment can then be processed further if necessary or used without further processing steps. With selective laser sintering, the component or component segment is produced in a similar manner by laser-assisted sintering of powdery materials. The energy is supplied here, for example, by laser beams from a CO ₂ laser, Nd: YAG laser, Yb fiber laser, diode laser or the like. Electron beam processes in which the material is selectively solidified by one or more electron beams are also known.

The object of the present invention is to create a method and a layered construction device of the type mentioned at the outset, by means of which at least one component segment of a component can be manufactured with little effort with at least locally improved quality. Another object of the invention is to provide a computer program product and a computer-readable storage medium which enable such a layer construction device to be controlled. Finally, it is the object of the invention to specify a component with at least one component segment having an improved quality.

The objects are achieved according to the invention by a method with the features of claim 1, by a layer construction device with the features of claim 8, by a computer program product according to claim 10, by a computer-readable storage medium according to claim 11 and by a component according to claim 12. Advantageous refinements with expedient refinements of the invention are specified in the respective subclaims, wherein advantageous refinements of each aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantageous refinements of the respective other aspects of the invention.

1. a) Auftragen von mindestens einer Pulverschicht eines Werkstoffs auf mindestens eine Aufbau- und Fügezone mindestens einer bewegbaren Bauplattform;
2. b) Bestrahlen der Pulverschicht mittels eines Energiestrahls zur zumindest teilweisen Verfestigung der Pulverschicht unter Ausbildung des zumindest einen Bauteilsegments, wobei eine vorbestimmte Soll-Oberflächenrauheit zumindest einer Segmentoberfläche des zumindest einen Bauteilsegments erzeugt wird, indem ein der Soll-Oberflächenrauheit zugeordneter Relativwinkel zwischen dem Energiestrahl und einer, einer Auftreffstelle des Energiestrahls auf den Werkstoff zugeordneten Flächennormalen der Segmentoberfläche eingestellt wird.

A first aspect of the invention relates to a method for the additive production of at least one component segment of a component, in particular for a turbo machine, comprising at least the following steps:

1. a) applying at least one powder layer of a material to at least one build-up and joining zone of at least one movable building platform;
2. b) Irradiating the powder layer by means of an energy beam for at least partial solidification of the powder layer with formation of the at least one component segment, a predetermined target surface roughness of at least one segment surface of the at least one component segment being generated by a relative angle assigned to the target surface roughness between the energy beam and a , a point of impact of the energy beam on the surface normal assigned to the material of the segment surface is set.

This is advantageous because by generating the predetermined target surface roughness, at least on the component segment of the component, an improved quality can be generated, for example compared to component areas of the component that are different from the component segment. The relative angle between the energy beam and the surface normal of the segment surface at the point of impact represents a setting variable that can be controlled and set with little effort, so that the method can be used, for example, with a high degree of reproducibility of the target surface roughness, for example in mass production of the component.

The invention is based on the knowledge that the nominal surface roughness is directly proportional to the relative angle between the energy beam and the surface normal, whereby a specific angular value or angular amount of the relative angle can be assigned to a specific roughness value of the nominal surface roughness. This This knowledge enables the target surface roughness to be generated in a targeted manner as a function of the relative angle. Thus, not only is a surface roughness prognosis possible with a known relative angle, but the target surface roughness can also be generated in a predetermined manner without complex regulation of an irradiation duration and additionally or alternatively a radiation intensity of the energy beam. In particular, the method enables the targeted generation of the target surface roughness without varying the duration of the irradiation and additionally or alternatively the radiation intensity of the energy beam. In other words, the predetermined target surface roughness can be generated as a function of the setting of the relative angle without changing the radiation intensity and / or the irradiation time of the energy beam.

In an advantageous development of the invention, in step b) a translational and / or rotational relative movement is carried out between the energy beam and the at least one construction platform in order to direct the energy beam onto a second point of impact different from the point of impact, one of the predetermined target Surface roughness different, second predetermined target surface roughness at least of the segment surface is generated by setting a second relative angle, assigned to the second surface roughness, between the energy beam and a second surface normal of the segment surface assigned to the second point of impact of the energy beam on the material. This is advantageous because it enables the second target surface roughness, which differs from the target surface roughness, to be set in a targeted manner at the second point of impact of the energy beam. With the nominal surface roughness and the second nominal surface roughness, at least two mutually different surface textures with correspondingly different roughness values can be generated on the segment surface. This enables different surface areas with different surface quality to be generated in a particularly needs-based manner.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, the further steps take place: c) lowering the at least one building platform layer by layer and d) repeating steps a) to c). This advantageously enables a successive, layered build-up of the component segment or the component, the target surface roughness being able to be generated already during the build-up and without complex post-processing of the component segment or the component. As a result, time can be saved when manufacturing the component.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, a laser beam or an electron beam is used as the energy beam. As a result, the component segment or the complete component can be produced, whereby their mechanical properties can at least essentially correspond to those of the material.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, the relative angle is set in that a radiation source emitting the energy beam is moved translationally and / or rotationally relative to the at least one building platform. This is advantageous because it makes it possible to dispense with complex optics for deflecting the energy beam and instead an alignment of the energy beam can be set directly and precisely in order to thereby set the relative angle. The radiation source can for example be a CO ₂ laser, Nd: YAG laser, Yb fiber laser, diode laser or the like.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, the relative angle is set in that the at least one building platform is moved translationally and / or rotationally relative to the energy beam. This is advantageous because it gives increased flexibility when setting the relative angle. The building platform can be inclined, for example, in order to set the relative angle. By tilting the construction platform, an angle of inclination of the component can be set relative to the energy beam and, additionally or alternatively, relative to a radiation source emitting the energy beam.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, a minimum roughness value of the target surface roughness is generated by minimizing the relative angle. This is advantageous because the segment surface can thus be made smoother the smaller the relative angle between the energy beam and the surface normal is set. In addition, the target surface roughness can become greater the greater the relative angle is set.

• - mindestens eine bewegbare Bauplattform, welche eine Aufbau- und Fügezone aufweist, welche zum Halten mindestens einer, auf die Aufbau- und Fügezone auftragbaren Pulverschicht eines Werkstoffs ausgebildet ist;
• - mindestens eine Strahlungsquelle zum Erzeugen wenigstens eines Energiestrahls zum zumindest teilweisen Verfestigen der Pulverschicht unter Ausbildung des zumindest einen Bauteilsegments;
• -mindestens eine Bewegungsvorrichtung, welche dazu eingerichtet ist, den Energiestrahl und/oder die Bauplattform zu bewegen; und
• - mindestens eine Steuereinrichtung, welche dazu ausgebildet ist, die Bewegungsvorrichtung zum Bewegen des Energiestrahls und/oder der Bauplattform zu steuern,

A second aspect of the invention relates to a layer construction device for the additive production of at least one component segment of a component, in particular for a turbo machine, comprising:

• - At least one movable construction platform which has a build-up and joining zone which is designed to hold at least one powder layer of a material that can be applied to the build-up and joining zone;
• - At least one radiation source for generating at least one energy beam for at least partially solidifying the powder layer while forming the at least one component segment;
• - at least one movement device which is set up to move the energy beam and / or the construction platform; and
• - At least one control device which is designed to control the movement device for moving the energy beam and / or the construction platform,

According to the invention, the control device is configured to control the movement device in such a way that a relative angle between the energy beam and a surface normal of a segment surface of the component segment associated with a point of impact of the energy beam on the material is set to a predetermined target surface roughness of the at least one segment surface to generate the at least one component segment, the relative angle being assigned to the nominal surface roughness. The layer construction device can in particular be set up to carry out a method according to the first aspect of the invention.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the layer construction device is designed as a selective laser sintering and / or melting device. As a result, component segments and complete components can be produced whose mechanical properties at least essentially correspond to those of the material. For example, CO2 lasers, Nd: YAG lasers, Yb fiber lasers, diode lasers or the like can be provided as the radiation source to generate a laser beam. It can also be provided that two or more electron and / or laser beams are used, the exposure or solidification parameters of which can be varied.

A third aspect of the invention relates to a computer program product, comprising instructions which, when the computer program product is executed by a control device of a layer construction device according to the second aspect of the invention, cause the layer construction device to carry out the method according to the first aspect of the invention. A fourth aspect of the invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a control device of a layer construction device according to the second aspect of the invention, cause the layer construction device to carry out the method according to the first aspect of the invention.

The present invention may be implemented using a computer program product comprising program modules accessible from a computer usable or computer readable medium and storing program code used by or in connection with one or more computers, processors, or instruction execution systems of a layering device. For purposes of this description, a computer usable or computer readable medium can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, distribute, or transport the computer program product for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, device, or device. The medium can be an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared or semiconductor system or a propagation medium per se, since signal carriers are not included in the definition of the physical, computer-readable medium. These include semiconductor or solid-state memory, magnetic tape, removable computer diskette, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), rigid magnetic disk, and an optical disk such as read-only memory (CD-ROM, DVD , Blue-Ray etc.), or a writable optical disc (CD-R, DVD-R). Processors as well as program code for implementing the various aspects of the invention can be centralized or distributed (or a combination thereof).

A fifth aspect of the invention relates to a component, in particular for a turbomachine, comprising at least one component segment which is produced by means of a layer construction device according to the second aspect of the invention and / or by means of a method according to the first aspect of the invention. The features resulting therefrom and their advantages can be found in the descriptions of the first and second aspects of the invention, with advantageous configurations of each aspect of the invention being regarded as advantageous configurations of the other aspects of the invention.

• 1 eine schematische Perspektivansicht einer Schichtbauvorrichtung, mittels welcher ein Bauteil durch ein Verfahren zur additiven Herstellung hergestellt wird, wobei ein Energiestrahl auf eine Auftreffstelle auftrifft;
• 2 eine schematische Seitenansicht der Schichtbauvorrichtung, wobei der Energiestrahl parallel zu einer x-z-Ebene auf die Auftreffstelle auftrifft; und
• 3 eine weitere schematische Seitenansicht der Schichtbauvorrichtung, wobei der Energiestrahl in parallel zu der x-z-Ebene auf eine zweite Auftreffstelle auftrifft.

Further features of the invention emerge from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respectively specified combination, but also in other combinations, without falling within the scope of the invention leave. There are thus also embodiments of the invention to be considered as encompassed and disclosed, which are not explicitly shown and explained in the figures, but emerge from the explained embodiments and can be generated by separate combinations of features. Designs and combinations of features are also to be regarded as disclosed, which therefore do not have all the features of an originally formulated independent claim. In addition, designs and combinations of features, in particular through the statements set out above, are to be regarded as disclosed that go beyond the in The combinations of features set out in the claims go beyond or differ from these. It shows:

• 1 a schematic perspective view of a layer construction device by means of which a component is manufactured by an additive manufacturing method, an energy beam impinging on an impact point;
• 2 a schematic side view of the layer construction device, the energy beam impinging on the point of impact parallel to an xz plane; and
• 3 a further schematic side view of the layer construction device, the energy beam impinging on a second point of impact in parallel to the xz plane.

1 , 2 and 3 each show a schematic representation of a layer construction device 50 for the additive manufacturing of at least one component segment 12 of a component 10 . The component 10 can be used for a turbomachine, in particular a jet engine. The layer building device 50 is presently designed as a selective laser sintering and / or melting device.

In 1 , 2 and 3 are each on the component 10 related coordinate systems indicated by an axis x , through an axis y as well as through an axis z of the component 10 are defined.

The layer building device 50 includes a moveable build platform 70 , which is a build-up and joining zone 60 having. The build-up and joining zone 60 is for holding one, on the build-up and joining zone 60 applied powder layer 20th of a material 22nd educated.

• Cr: 19 Ma%, Fe: 18 Ma%, Mo: 3 Ma%, Al: 0,5 Ma%, Nb+Ta: 5,1 Ma%, Ti: 0,95 Ma%, C: 0,05 Ma%, Ni: Rest. Einzelne, aus diesem Werkstoff 22 gebildete Partikel können eine sphärische Grundform und einen Durchmesser zwischen 15 µm und 45 µm aufweisen.

As the powdery material 22nd For example, a nickel-based alloy with the short name NiCr19NbMo can be used, which can have the following composition:

• Cr: 19% by mass, Fe: 18% by mass, Mo: 3% by mass, Al: 0.5% by mass, Nb + Ta: 5.1% by mass, Ti: 0.95% by mass, C: 0.05% by mass %, Ni: remainder. Individual, made of this material 22nd Particles formed can have a spherical basic shape and a diameter between 15 μm and 45 μm.

The layer building device 50 also includes a radiation source SQ to generate an energy beam 80 for at least partially solidifying the powder layer 20th with formation of the component segment 12 . As the energy beam 80 a laser beam or an electron beam is used, which by means of the radiation source SQ is emitted.

The layer building device also includes 50 a movement device 90 , which is set up to do this, the energy beam 80 and the build platform 70 to move. The movement device 90 can for example comprise a plurality of actuators, on the basis of which a respective relative movement RB the radiation source SQ and the build platform 70 can be effected.

In addition, the layer construction device includes 50 a control device 100 , which is designed to be the movement device 90 to move the energy beam 80 and the build platform 70 to control.

The control device 100 is configured to use the movement device 90 to control such that a relative angle ζ between the energy beam 80 and one, a point of impact 16 of the energy beam 80 on the material 22nd assigned surface normals 17th a segment surface 14th of the component segment 12 is set to a predetermined target surface roughness Ra_1 the at least one segment surface 14th of the at least one component segment 12 to generate, where the relative angle ζ the target surface roughness Ra_1 assigned.

The control device 100 can be a model of the component 10 include. The model of the part 10 can the component 10 include characterizing geometry data. The control device 100 can now be set up during the production of the component segment 12 or the component 10 the relative angle ζ between the energy beam 80 and the surface normal 17th using the movement device 90 such by the relative movement RB the radiation source SQ and additionally or alternatively the building platform 70 adjust that the relative angle ζ during the additive manufacturing of the component segment 12 or the component 10 depending on a changing orientation of the surface normals 17th is kept as small as possible. This allows the target surface roughness Ra_1 also have the smallest possible amount. If, for example, the surface normals 17th in, out of the material 22nd formed powder bed 24 protrudes, so can the radiation source SQ and additionally or alternatively the building platform 70 using the movement device 90 such according to the relative movement RB moved, in particular pivoted, that the energy beam 80 , which in the present case is a laser beam, almost parallel to one, through the axis y and the axis y spanned xy plane on the point of impact 16 hits. The energy beam 80 can then, for example, enclose an angle of less than 10 °, preferably 5 °, with the xy plane and thus be oriented almost parallel to the xy plane. In other words, a minimum roughness value of the target Surface roughness Ra_1 by minimizing the relative angle ζ be generated.

In the control device 100 is in the present case a computer-readable storage medium 110 integrated, which is a computer program product with commands for the corresponding control of the layer construction device 50 includes.

In summary, the relative angle ζ be adjusted by showing the energy beam 80 emitting radiation source SQ relative to the build platform 70 moved, in particular pivoted, is. Additionally or alternatively, the relative angle ζ can be adjusted by the build platform 70 relative to the energy beam 80 moved, in particular pivoted, is.

To at least the component segment 12 of the component 10 To be manufactured additively, the at least one powder layer is first applied in a step a) 20th of the material 22nd on the build-up and joining zone 60 by means of the movement device 90 movable, in particular pivotable, building platform 70 . Then, as in 2 is shown by way of example, irradiation of the powder layer in a step b) 20th by means of the energy beam 80 for partial solidification of the powder layer 20th with formation of the component segment 12 , wherein the predetermined target surface roughness Ra_1 the segment surface 14th of the component segment 12 is generated by that of the target surface roughness Ra_1 assigned relative angle ζ between the energy beam 80 and the one, the point of impact 16 of the energy beam 80 on the material 22nd assigned surface normals 17th the segment surface 14th is set. In addition, in step b) the relative movement RB between the energy beam 80 and the build platform 70 performed to the energy beam 80 on one of the point of impact 16 different, second point of impact 18th as exemplified in 3 is shown. Thereby, one of the predetermined target surface roughness becomes Ra_1 different, second predetermined target surface roughness Ra_2 the segment surface 14th generated by one, the second surface roughness Ra_2 assigned, second relative angle ζ_2 between the energy beam 80 and one, the second impact point 18th of the energy beam 80 on the material 22nd associated second surface normals 19th the segment surface 14th is set. In a further step c), the building platform is lowered in layers 70 . Then, in a further step d), steps a) to c) are repeated until the component 10 is manufactured entirely additively.

genügt, in welcher
α Aufbauwinkel, welcher einem Polarwinkel der Flächennormalen 17 entsprechen kann,
ε Einstrahlwinkel, welcher einem Polarwinkel des Energiestrahls 80 entsprechen kann,
ξ Azimuthalwinkel der Flächennormalen 17
X Azimuthalwinkel des Energiestrahls 80
bedeuten. Die Winkel α, ε, ξ, X stellen besonders genau einstellbare Größen dar, sodass anhand dieser Größen auch eine besonders genaue Einstellung des Relativwinkels ζ erfolgen kann. Die Gleichung (1) gilt auch für den in 3 gezeigten Relativwinkel ζ_2, sodass mit Bezug auf 3 die Gleichung (1) auch folgendermaßen ausgedrückt werden kann: $$\mathrm{\zeta \_2}=\text{arccos}\left[\text{sin}\left(\mathrm{\alpha }\right)\text{sin}\left(\mathrm{\epsilon }\right)+\text{cos}\left(\mathrm{\alpha }\right)\text{cos}\left(\mathrm{\epsilon }\right)\text{cos}\left(\mathrm{\xi }-\mathrm{\chi }\right)\right]$$

It has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the relative angle ζ of equation (1) $$\mathrm{\zeta }=\text{arccos}\left[\text{sin}\left(\mathrm{\alpha }\right)\text{sin}\left(\mathrm{\epsilon }\right)+\text{cos}\left(\mathrm{\alpha }\right)\text{cos}\left(\mathrm{\epsilon }\right)\text{cos}\left(\mathrm{\xi }-\mathrm{\chi }\right)\right]$$

suffices in which
α construction angle, which is a polar angle of the surface normal 17th can correspond
ε Angle of incidence, which is a polar angle of the energy beam 80 can correspond
ξ Azimuthal angle of the surface normal 17th
X Azimuthal angle of the energy beam 80
mean. The angles α , ε , ξ , X represent variables that can be set particularly precisely, so that a particularly precise setting of the relative angle is also possible using these variables ζ can be done. Equation (1) also applies to the in 3 shown relative angle ζ_2 so with reference to 3 Equation (1) can also be expressed as follows: $$\mathrm{\zeta \_2}=\text{arccos}\left[\text{sin}\left(\mathrm{\alpha }\right)\text{sin}\left(\mathrm{\epsilon }\right)+\text{cos}\left(\mathrm{\alpha }\right)\text{cos}\left(\mathrm{\epsilon }\right)\text{cos}\left(\mathrm{\xi }-\mathrm{\chi }\right)\right]$$

By using the two azimuthal angles ξ , X for displaying the angle of incidence ε of the energy beam 80 and the surface normal 17th , which can also be referred to as surface normal, in spherical coordinates a relative tilt between the component 10 and the radiation source SQ can be taken into account in equation (1).

beschrieben werden.The term cos ( ξ - X) takes on the value “1” if the expression (ξ - X) corresponds to the value “0”, for example the angles ξ and X each be 0 °. This is in 2 and 3 shown. In this case, the relative angle ζ by an equation (2) $$\mathrm{\zeta }=\left|\left(\mathrm{\alpha }-\mathrm{\epsilon }\right)\right|$$

to be discribed.

Equation (2) represents a two-dimensional view, and is valid provided that the angle of incidence ε of the energy beam 80 and the surface normals 17th (Surface normal) in the xy plane and thus parallel to the axis z lie. In this case the term is with the two azimuthal angles ξ , X "Cos ( ξ - X) ”equals“ 1 ”, since the difference between the two azimuthal angles ξ , X results in the value "0" or both azimuthal angles ξ , X have the value "0". Thereby, the equation (1) can be simplified to the equation (2). In this case, equation (2) can represent a special case of equation (1).

Due to the formula-related relationship via equation (1) for a three-dimensional view or equation (2) for a two-dimensional view, depending on the installation space position and Geometry of the component 10 its target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra_2 predetermined and, if necessary, reduced as required. The possibility of reducing the target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra 2 is here many times higher than by changing the energy beam 80 relevant exposure parameters.

The invention is based on the knowledge that the respective target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra 2 directly proportional to the relative angle ζ behaves. When using the respective formula-related relationship according to equation (1) or (2), the target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra_2 depending on the installation space position and geometry of the component 10 can be predicted and, if necessary, minimized or at least reduced.

• Von besonderem Vorteil ist eine Anpassung eines Neigungswinkels des Bauteils 10, beispielsweise durch die Relativbewegung RB der Bauplattform 70 relativ zur Strahlungsquelle SQ. Der Neigungswinkel kann je Bauraumposition angepasst werden, sodass ein Maximalwert der Soll-Oberflächenrauheit Ra_1, Ra 2 unter einer Hypothese, dass bei dem Maximalwert der Soll-Oberflächenrauheit Ra_1, Ra_2 ein Versagen des Bauteils 10 bei dessen bestimmungsgemäßem Gebrauch auftreten kann, verringert werden kann. Eine dadurch bewirkte, etwaige Rauheitswerterhöhung an weiteren Oberflächen des Bauteils 10 kann dann in Kauf genommen werden.

For example, an Ra value of 5 µm can be used for the target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra_2 can be achieved when the relative angle ζ has a value of 0 °. With an increase in the relative angle ζ Every 1 ° can increase the roughness of the respective target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra_2 around 0.65 µm can be achieved. At a value of the relative angle ζ of 45 ° the associated Ra value can correspond to about 35 µm. In contrast to a roughness reduction by adjusting the energy beam 80 relevant parameters (exposure parameters), whereby, for example, an exposure strategy can be changed and as a result of which the roughness reduction permits a maximum value of 10 μm, can thus be achieved by setting the relative angle ζ significantly smoother surfaces, such as the segment surface 14th , are formed. To use the relative angle ζ and consequently a roughness reduction, for example on the segment surface 14th There are several ways to achieve this:

• It is particularly advantageous to adapt the angle of inclination of the component 10 , for example by the relative movement RB the build platform 70 relative to the radiation source SQ . The angle of inclination can be adjusted for each installation space position, so that a maximum value of the target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra 2 under a hypothesis that at the maximum value the target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra_2 failure of the component 10 can occur when used as intended, can be reduced. Any increase in the roughness value caused by this on other surfaces of the component 10 can then be accepted.

Depending on the angular amount or the relative angle range of the relative angle ζ can preferably be a preset, the model of the component 10 assigned parameter setup for irradiating the powder layer 20th by means of the energy beam 80 be used. On the basis of equations (1), (2), different angular values of the relative angle can generally be determined ζ can be determined, each of the angular amounts being able to be assigned a roughness value. A relative angle roughness value function determined therefrom, that is to say, in other words, a function which the roughness values as a function of various relative angles ζ expresses can in the storage medium 110 and additionally or alternatively in the control device 100 be deposited. As a result, the different roughness values to be expected in additive manufacturing can initially be determined using the model of the component 10 respectively. Then the different roughness values of the target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra 2 using equations (1) or (2) and additionally or alternatively the relative angle-roughness value function in the additive manufacturing of the component segment 12 or the component 10 be generated. The use of the relative angle roughness value function in additive manufacturing enables the target surface roughness to be generated quickly and in line with requirements Ra_1 , Ra 2 .

For needs-based irradiation, the radiation source can SQ , which can also be referred to as an exposure unit, based on the movement device 90 be movable and inclinable, thereby minimizing the relative angle ζ can be made possible.

By setting the relative angle ζ or the second relative angle ζ_2 can be the target surface roughness Ra_1 or the second surface roughness Ra_2 generated and thus a predetermined surface quality of the segment surface 14th can be set.

The present method represents a significant advantage over conventional manufacturing methods. With these conventional manufacturing methods, surface roughness Ra of up to 45 µm can arise, depending on the parameters, installation space position and geometry of a workpiece to be produced. Especially when designing target components for fatigue strength, with conventional manufacturing methods, due to this relatively poor surface roughness, high reductions in the respective material properties have to be accepted. Many workpieces that are additively manufactured using these conventional manufacturing methods must therefore either be reworked or oversized for use in aviation. In contrast to this, the present method and the present layer construction device enable 50 a specific formula setting for the component 10 achievable target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra_2 of the component, the target surface roughness Ra_1 , Ra 2 depending on the installation space position and the geometry of the component 10 can be predicted and possibly reduced by its model.

List of reference symbols

10

Component

12

Component segment

14th

Segment surface

16

Point of impact

17th

Surface normals

18th

second point of impact

19th

second surface normal

20th

Powder layer

22nd

material

24

Powder bed

50

Layer building device

60

Build-up and joining zone

70

Build platform

80

Energy beam

90

Movement device

100

Control device

110

Storage medium

Ra_1

Target surface roughness

Ra_2

second target surface roughness

RB

Relative movement

SQ

Radiation source

x

axis

y

axis

z

axis

α

Construction angle

X

Azimuthal angle

ε

Angle of incidence

ξ

Azimuthal angle

ζ

Relative angle

ζ_2

Relative angle

Claims (12)

A method for the additive production of at least one component segment (12) of a component (10), in particular for a turbo machine, comprising at least the following steps: a) applying at least one powder layer (20) of a material (22) to at least one build-up and joining zone (60) of at least one movable building platform (70); b) irradiating the powder layer (20) by means of an energy beam (80) for at least partial solidification of the powder layer (20) with the formation of the at least one component segment (12), with a predetermined target surface roughness (Ra_1) of at least one segment surface (14) of the at least a component segment (12) is generated by a relative angle (ζ) assigned to the target surface roughness (Ra_1) between the energy beam (80) and a surface normal assigned to a point of impact (16) of the energy beam (80) on the material (22). 17) of the segment surface (14) is set. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that in step b) a translational and / or rotary relative movement (RB) between the energy beam (80) and the at least one construction platform (70) is carried out in order to transfer the energy beam (80) to one of the point of impact (16) to direct different, second impact point (18), a second predetermined target surface roughness (Ra_2) different from the predetermined target surface roughness (Ra_1) being generated at least for the segment surface (14) by one associated with the second surface roughness (Ra_2) , the second relative angle (ζ_2) between the energy beam (80) and a second surface normal (19) of the segment surface (14) assigned to the second point of impact (18) of the energy beam (80) on the material (22). Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized by the further steps: c) lowering the at least one building platform (70) in layers; d) repeating steps a) to c). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a laser beam or an electron beam is used as the energy beam (80). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative angle (ζ) is set by moving a radiation source (SQ) emitting the energy beam (80) translationally and / or rotationally relative to the at least one construction platform (70). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative angle (ζ) is set by moving the at least one construction platform (70) translationally and / or rotationally relative to the energy beam (80). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a minimum roughness value of the target surface roughness (Ra_1) is generated by minimizing the relative angle (ζ). Layered construction device (50) for the additive production of at least one component segment (12) of a component (10), in particular for a turbo-engine, comprising: - at least one movable construction platform (70) which has a construction and joining zone (60) which for holding at least a powder layer (20) of a material (22) which can be applied to the build-up and joining zone (60) is formed; - At least one radiation source (SQ) for generating at least one energy beam (80) for at least partially solidifying the powder layer (20) while forming the at least one component segment (12); - At least one movement device (90) which is set up to move the energy beam (80) and / or the construction platform (70); and - at least one control device (100) which is designed to control the movement device (90) for moving the energy beam (80) and / or the construction platform (70), characterized in that the control device (100) is configured to to control the movement device (90) in such a way that a relative angle (ζ) between the energy beam (80) and a surface normal (17) of a segment surface (14) assigned to a point of impact (16) of the energy beam (80) on the material (22) of the component segment (12) is set in order to generate a predetermined target surface roughness (Ra_1) of the at least one segment surface (14) of the at least one component segment (12), the relative angle (ζ) being assigned to the target surface roughness (Ra_1). Layer building device (50) after Claim 8 , characterized in that it is designed as a selective laser sintering and / or melting device. A computer program product, comprising instructions which, when the computer program product is executed by a control device (100), of a layer construction device (50) Claim 8 or 9 cause the layer building device (50) to perform the method according to one of the Claims 1 to 7th execute. A computer-readable storage medium (110), comprising instructions which, when executed by a control device (100), follow a layered construction device (50) Claim 8 or 9 cause the layer building device (50) to perform the method according to one of the Claims 1 to 7th execute. Component (10), in particular for a turbomachine, comprising at least one component segment (12), which by means of a layer construction device (50) according to Claim 8 or 9 and / or by means of a method according to one of the Claims 1 to 7th is made.

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