DE102019135591A1 - Power line separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a power line separating device (1) having a movable separating element (3); an actuator (6) for triggering a movement of the separating element (3); with at least one movable energy absorption element (10); optionally a power line (8); wherein the separating element (3) is designed and arranged in such a way that after activation of the actuator (6) it strikes the power line (8) and separates it, and wherein the separating element (3) after the power line (8) and / or a section (82) separated from the power line (8) can be brought into contact with the energy absorbing element (10) and the energy absorbing element can thereby be set in motion. The invention also relates to a vehicle component comprising a power line separating device (1) and a power line (8). The invention also relates to a method for separating a power line (8) using such a power line separating device (1).

Description

The invention relates to a power line separating device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a vehicle component according to claim 13 containing this power line separating device and a power line. The invention also relates to a method for separating a power line using such a power line separating device according to the preamble of claim 14.

Electrically powered vehicles require batteries with very high voltages. In the event of an accident, the high currents and voltages caused by the battery can pose a risk to the vehicle occupants and to accident workers. The risk can be minimized, for example, by interrupting the flow of current in the vicinity of the battery as quickly as possible. The interruption of the electrical circuit can be realized by means of line disconnectors, for example with power line cutting devices for high-voltage busbars (High Voltage Electric Line Cutter, HV-ELC). Such emergency shutdown devices can switch off very high electrical currents (several kiloamps) and very high electrical voltages (up to the kilovolt range) in a few milliseconds.

From the DE 10 2018 125 059 A9 a power line cutting device is known which can switch off a current flow in milliseconds in response to a detected signal. The power line cutter includes a two-part housing, a piston, an igniter, and a bus bar. The lower housing part is connected to the upper housing part, the busbar being arranged between the upper housing part and the lower housing part and having predetermined breaking points. The igniter and the piston are arranged inside the housing in such a way that when the igniter is ignited, the piston, which is actuated by the igniter, breaks out a section of the busbar, so that the flow of current is interrupted. The housing has two gas ducts, one for discharging the gases produced and one which, when the device is triggered, represents a path for the air still to be displaced in the chamber.

The disadvantage here is that the section separated from the busbar ricochet off the floor and can be thrown back in the direction of the busbar. This can lead to an undesired sparkover (electric arc). Another disadvantage is that the two gas channels are arranged directly next to each other without a mutual locking mechanism, so that gas can pass from one channel into the other channel and thus the separated section from the busbar and the piston are additionally accelerated and thus a high kinetic energy exhibit.

The problem on which the invention is based is to provide a power line separating device, in particular for high-voltage busbars or high-voltage lines, with reduced sparkover. The object of the present invention is thus to provide a safer power line disconnection device.

This object is achieved by a power line separating device with the features of claim 1.

• - einem bewegbaren Trennelement;
• - einem Aktuator zum Auslösen einer Bewegung des Trennelements;
• - mit mindestens einem bewegbaren Energieaufnahmeelement;
• - optional einer Stromleitung; wobei
• - das Trennelement so ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass es nach einem Aktivieren des Akutators auf die Stromleitung auftrifft und diese zertrennt, und wobei das Trennelement nach dem Zertrennen der Stromleitung und/oder ein aus der Stromleitung herausgetrenntes Teilstück in Kontakt mit dem Energieaufnahmeelement bringbar ist und dadurch (also durch das Auftreffen des Trennelements und/oder des herausgetrennten Teilstücks auf das Energieaufnahmeelement) das Energieaufnahmeelement in Bewegung versetzbar ist.

A power line separating device (in particular for separating high-voltage busbars or high-voltage power lines) is described with

• - a movable partition element;
• - An actuator for triggering a movement of the separating element;
• - With at least one movable energy absorption element;
• - optionally a power line; in which
• - The separating element is designed and arranged so that it strikes the power line after activation of the actuator and separates it, and wherein the separating element can be brought into contact with the energy absorption element after the power line has been separated and / or a section that has been separated from the power line and as a result (that is to say by the impact of the separating element and / or the cut-out section on the energy absorbing element) the energy absorbing element can be set in motion.

The power line separator includes a separator. The separating element is designed and arranged in such a way that, after the activator has been activated, it strikes the power line and separates it (at least in sections or completely).

A separating element is understood to mean a three-dimensional body which is suitable for separating out at least one section from a power line or busbar (at least partially or completely). The separating element can be blunt, pointed or with a sharp edge. The separating element can, for example, be cuboid, cube-shaped, cylindrical, stamp-shaped, conical or pyramid-shaped. The separating element can be designed like a bolt (e.g. as a separating bolt).

The separating element can for example consist of a material that has a greater hardness (for example Shore, Mohs or Rockwell hardness) than the busbar to be separated. The separating element can (at least partially or completely) be designed as an electrical insulator (non-conductor) or contain one. This will reduce or prevent arcing. The separating element can for example consist of a non-conductive carbon, a (non-conductive) polymer or (non-conductive) plastic, a (non-conductive) ceramic or a (non-conductive) glass.

A power line is an electrical conductor (e.g. a cable) used to transport electrical energy or electricity. The power line can be connected to the battery and battery-operated components of the vehicle. The power line can be a high-voltage power line (and can thus be suitable for carrying high-voltage currents). The at least one power line can also be designed as at least one power rail.

A busbar is an electrical conductor (made of a rigid material) for supplying vehicles with electrical energy or electricity. The busbar is designed, for example, as a high-voltage busbar (and is therefore suitable for being able to carry high-voltage currents). The busbar can be connected to the battery and at least one battery-operated component of an (electrically operated) vehicle.

The power line or the bus bar can consist of or contain a suitable metal, for example aluminum, copper, iron or a steel or an alloy.

The power line separating device can have a receptacle for at least one power line or at least one power rail.

The power line separating device can have an actuator for triggering a movement of the separating element. An actuator is a structural unit that can trigger a movement of the separating element based on a signal and / or pulse (e.g. from a vehicle accident detection system).

The actuator can be an igniter which has, for example, a pyrotechnic propellant charge. The actuator or the igniter can be activated by a signal, in particular an electrical or electronic signal (from the vehicle accident detection system). The actuator or the igniter can be activated, for example (triggered by the signal) by a sensor, for example an airbag sensor, impact sensor (crash sensor), accident sensor and / or acceleration sensor. Electrical connections can be arranged on the actuator or the igniter.

The actuator can be arranged outside or inside the housing or the chamber. The actuator can be arranged on the housing cover. The actuator can be (detachably) connected to the separating element.

Due to the activation of the actuator, a movement of the movable separating element can be triggered. Due to the activation of the actuator, the separating element can be moved in the direction of the receptacle for the busbar or the power line (so that the separating element and the busbar or the power line come into contact with one another). The separating element is designed and arranged to be able to hit the power line or busbar and to be able to separate it (at least in sections or completely) so that the flow of current within the power line or busbar is interrupted.

The power line separating device can have at least one chamber (e.g. a space filled with gas or a space which can be filled with gas). The separating element is arranged within the chamber.

The chamber can be surrounded by a housing. The chamber is thus within the housing. The housing has an inner wall of the housing facing the chamber. The housing can have a housing bottom and a housing cover and two housing side walls, wherein the two housing side walls are each connected to the housing base and the housing cover and the housing cover and the housing base are opposite one another. The housing can be designed as a two-part housing made up of a lower housing part and an upper housing part. The lower housing part can be (detachably) connected to the upper housing part. The upper housing part can thus have a housing cover and two housing side walls, the two housing side walls being connected to the housing cover. The lower housing part can accordingly have a housing base and two housing side walls, the two housing side walls being connected to the housing base.

The housing top may include a housing top chamber. The upper housing part chamber can have any suitable polygonal shape and, in particular, can be cylindrical, cuboid or prismatic. The lower housing part can contain a lower housing part chamber, which can be of any polygonal shape, in particular cylindrical, cuboid or prismatic. The upper housing part containing an upper housing part chamber and the lower housing part containing a lower housing part chamber can be connected to one another in such a way that the upper housing part chamber and the lower housing part chamber together form a chamber. The upper housing part containing an upper housing part chamber and the lower housing part containing a lower housing part chamber can be connected to one another in a form-fitting and / or force-fitting manner. In particular, the housing side walls of the housing upper part can be connected to the housing side walls of the housing lower part.

The housing (the upper housing part and / or the lower housing part) can be designed at least partially or completely as an electrical insulator or contain one. This will reduce or prevent arcing. Electrical insulators (non-conductors) are chemical elements or materials with an electrical conductivity of less than 10 ^-8 S · cm ^-1 (and a specific resistance of over 10 ⁸ Ω · cm). The housing (the upper part of the housing and / or the lower part of the housing) can consist, for example, of a (non-conductive) polymer or (non-conductive) plastic, a (non-conductive) ceramic, a (non-conductive) glass or a non-conductive carbon.

The receptacle or the busbar can be arranged on the housing and in particular run within the chamber (and through the chamber). The receptacle or the busbar can be arranged (horizontally) between the upper part of the housing and the lower part of the housing. The busbar can be guided or guided through at least one opening, for example a slot, in or through the housing.

The power line or the busbar can have two ends which are arranged outside the housing (outside the upper part of the housing and the lower part of the housing).

The power line can have at least one power line breaking point (before the power line is disconnected). The busbar (before the power line is cut) can have at least one predetermined breaking point for the busbar. The at least one power rail predetermined breaking point or power line predetermined breaking point can have a smaller cross section than the remaining areas of the power rail or power line. The power rail predetermined breaking point or power line breaking point can be formed by a material taper or material weak point. The power rail predetermined breaking point or power line breaking point can be a notch (indentation or recess). The at least one current rail predetermined breaking point or current line predetermined breaking point is designed such that upon impact of the separating element on the current rail, at least some sections of it break. The at least one current rail predetermined breaking point or current line predetermined breaking point can be arranged in such a way that the dividing element strikes it.

When the separating element hits the power line or busbar, a section of the busbar can be partially or completely separated (broken out) from the busbar. This interrupts the flow of current between the battery and the battery-operated component of the vehicle. The section separated from the power line or busbar can be designed as a conductive coin.

The separating element is arranged at least partially or completely within the housing and / or the chamber.

The power line separating device can also have at least one damping element for reducing kinetic energy (kinetic energy). The energy absorption element also serves to reduce kinetic energy.

The energy absorbing element can be a geometrical (three-dimensional) body which is suitable for absorbing the kinetic energy of the separating element and / or the section separated from the power line or busbar (and converting it into deformation).

The damping element can be a geometric (three-dimensional) body which is suitable for absorbing the kinetic energy of the energy absorbing element (and converting it into deformation).

The energy absorbing element can be designed, for example, as a sphere, disk, cylinder, in the form of a projectile or torpedo.

In order to reduce the kinetic energy transferred to the energy absorbing element and / or the damping element, the energy absorbing element and / or the damping element can consist of or contain a material that absorbs the kinetic energy and / or a structure that absorbs the kinetic energy. The energy absorption element and / or the damping element can be designed to be deformable (deformable). The energy absorption element and / or the damping element can consist of or contain an elastic material. The energy absorption element and / or the damping element can be formed from or contain a deformable (elastic) structure.

Deformable (or also deformable) is a geometric body that changes its shape as a result of the action of an external force.

Here, the shape of the energy absorbing element can be changed (deformed) by bringing the separating element and / or the section separated from the busbar into contact with the energy absorbing element. The deformation can appear as a change in length (e.g. compression) or as a change in angle (shear).

The energy absorption element and / or the damping element can be, for example, a solid, gel or a liquid.

mit E als Bewegungsenergie des Energieaufnahmeelements und r als Radius des Energi eaufnahmeel ements,
wobei $\text{E}=1/2\cdot \text{m}\cdot {\text{v}}^2$

mit m als Masse des Energieaufnahmeelements und v als der Geschwindigkeit des Energieaufnahmeelements definiert ist.A deformation or deformation of the energy absorption element can be defined according to the A-Square Shock Power Index (ASPI). The ASPI is defined as follows: $$\text{A S P I}=\text{E.}\cdot {\text{<figure-callout id="2" label="r" filenames="DE102019135591A1\_0003.png,DE102019135591A1\_0004.png" state="{{state}}">r</figure-callout>}}^2\cdot \mathrm{\pi }$$

with E as the kinetic energy of the energy absorption element and r as the radius of the energy absorption element,
in which $\text{E.}=1/2\cdot \text{m}\cdot {\text{<figure-callout id="2" label="v" filenames="DE102019135591A1\_0003.png,DE102019135591A1\_0004.png" state="{{state}}">v</figure-callout>}}^2$

where m is defined as the mass of the energy absorbing element and v as the speed of the energy absorbing element.

The at least one energy absorption element and / or the at least one damping element can be arranged on the housing, for example on the housing base, in the housing lower part or on the housing inner wall.

The damping element can be connected to the inner wall of the housing, in particular to the lower housing part, in a non-positive and / or positive and / or cohesive manner. The housing or the housing base can consist of the damping element.

The damping element can for example be applied (as a layer) to the housing (the housing base and / or to the housing inner wall). The housing base can, for example, consist of a harder material than the damping element applied to it.

The energy absorbing element and / or the damping element can for example consist of a polytetrafluoroethylene (e.g. Teflon), silicone (polysiloxanes or poly (organo) siloxanes) or a polyaramid or aromatic polyamide (e.g. Kevlar) or contain this (e.g. be coated).

The damping element can, for example, have a honeycomb structure. The honeycomb structure can have (periodically repeating) cavities (honeycombs). The honeycombs are filled, for example, with a gas, gas mixture, liquid or gel. The spaces between the honeycombs are made of a (suitable) chemical material. The spaces between the honeycombs can be formed from an elastic material. The cavities (honeycombs) can have an angular (e.g. hexagonal, pentagonal) or circular or oval cross-section.

The energy absorbing element and / or the damping element can for example consist of or contain a honeycomb polytetrafluoroethylene (e.g. Teflon), honeycomb silicone (polysiloxane or poly (organo) siloxane) or a honeycomb polyaramid or honeycomb aromatic polyamide (e.g. Kevlar) or contain this (with the honeycomb can be filled with gas or a gas mixture).

The at least one energy absorption element can be arranged within the chamber and / or on the housing.

The at least one damping element can be arranged inside the chamber and / or on the housing.

For example, a honeycomb-shaped damping element can be arranged on the (bottom of) the housing, the chamber or the lower housing part (on the inside of the housing, the lower housing part or the chamber).

A damping element made of a polytetrafluoroethylene, a silicone, a polyaramid or an aromatic polyamide can be arranged on the (bottom of) the housing, the chamber or the housing lower part (on the inside of the housing, the housing lower part or the chamber).

For example, a damping element made of a honeycomb polytetrafluoroethylene, a honeycomb silicone, a honeycomb polyaramid or an aromatic polyamide can be arranged on the (bottom of) the housing, the chamber or the housing lower part (on the inside of the housing, the housing lower part or the chamber).

The separating element and / or the section separated from the power line can be designed to be deformable, such that it is provided with an in Bringing into contact with the at least one energy absorption element is deformed.

The position of the at least one energy absorption element and / or its position angle (within a guide channel) can be changed by bringing it into contact with the separating element and / or the section separated from the power line.

The power line separating device can have at least one guide channel for guiding the energy absorption element. The guide channel can be tapered towards the housing or towards the housing base (have a smaller cross section than the rest of the guide channel). The guide channel can be tapered in the direction of movement of the energy absorption element. The at least one guide channel can be straight or curved (at least in sections or completely). A curved guide channel also forces the energy absorbing element to be deflected. This results in a longer path and thus an additional reduction in the kinetic energy of the energy absorbing element, in particular in the case of tapered guide channels. The at least one guide channel can be arranged within the chamber and / or on the housing, in particular on and / or in the housing inner wall, the housing lower part or the housing base.

The at least one energy absorption element can be movably arranged in a guide channel. The at least one energy absorption element can be movably arranged in a guide channel. It is also possible for at least two energy absorption elements to be arranged so that they can each be moved in a guide channel. With more than one energy absorption element, the kinetic energy of the separating element and / or the section separated from the power line can be reduced even better, for example.

The at least one energy absorption element can be mounted movably in the direction of the housing wall or the housing base (within the guide channel). The at least one energy absorption element can be mounted in a translatory and / or rotatable manner. The at least one energy absorption element can only be translational (linearly movable). The at least one energy absorption element can be mounted rotatably (tiltable) on its own. The at least one energy absorbing element can be mounted movably (tiltably or rotatably) at the same time in the direction of the housing wall and the receptacle for the power line or busbar.

The power line separating device can have at least one fixing mechanism for fixing the energy absorbing element (before the power line or power bills are cut). The fixing mechanism is designed in such a way that it is released by bringing the separating element and / or the section separated from the power line or busbar into contact (the impact) with the energy absorbing element (so that the energy absorbing element is no longer fixed). The fixing mechanism can, for example, be designed as at least one holding mandrel for the energy absorbing element. When the separating element and / or the section separated from the power line or busbar impacts on the energy absorption element, the at least one retaining pin can be broken or moved into a cutout provided for it.

The energy absorption element can be arranged in the guide channel and / or held by the fixing mechanism. The energy absorption element and the fixing mechanism can be designed to be complementary to one another in terms of their shape (be designed in a form-fitting manner).

In order to reduce the kinetic energy transferred to the energy absorbing element, it can alternatively be provided that the guide channel consists of or contains a material which absorbs the kinetic energy and / or a structure which absorbs the kinetic energy. For example, the stronger the friction between the energy absorbing element and the guide channel, the better the kinetic energy of the energy absorbing element can be reduced. Therefore, the guide channel can have a rough surface (with a high surface roughness).

The fixing mechanism can also help convert the kinetic energy.

Thus, the fixing mechanism, the guide channel and / or the energy absorption element can be at least partially formed from a deformable or elastic material or contain this. The fixing mechanism, the guide channel and / or the energy absorption element can also be at least partially covered with a flexible material, for example silicone. This allows a sealing effect to be achieved.

The power line separating device comprises in particular a chamber, a housing which surrounds the chamber, a movable separating element which is arranged in the chamber, an actuator for activating a movement of the separating element and optionally a power line or busbar towards which the separating element can move ( in order to divide the power line or busbar at least in sections when it hits the power line or busbar).

The power line separating device can have at least one filter, for example. The filter serves on the one hand to catch fragments that are generated during the breaking of the busbar and on the other hand to cool and deionize the plasma. The filter can consist of or contain a high-temperature-resistant material, preferably steel. The filter can be a metal filter.

The housing, e.g. the upper housing part and / or the lower housing part, can have one or more gas openings (gas outlet openings and / or gas inlet openings) for a gas or gas mixture. The housing, for example the housing upper part and / or the housing lower part, can have at least one gas outlet opening for discharging expelled gases. The housing, for example the housing upper part and / or the housing lower part, can have at least one gas inlet opening for recirculating expelled gases. The at least one gas opening (gas outlet opening and / or gas inlet opening) can be designed as a gas channel. The at least one gas opening (gas channel) can extend from the interior of the chamber to the outside through the housing, e.g. the housing upper part and / or the housing lower part) into the outer surroundings of the housing.

For example, the housing has two gas outlet openings, of which a main gas opening for discharging the gases produced and an air chamber opening which, when the device is triggered, represents a path for the air still to be displaced in the chamber. The main gas opening can for example be arranged below the power line or busbar. The air chamber opening is arranged, for example, on the bottom of the lower housing part.

The power line disconnection device can have at least one fuse. Such a fuse can be designed as a fuse channel, in particular a fuse channel. The securing channel can be connected at one end to the housing in an area above the separating element, in particular to the upper housing part chamber, and at its other end to the housing in an area below the separating element, in particular to the lower housing part chamber. The movement of the separating element and the part separated from the power line (into the lower housing chamber) displaces the medium (gas, gas mixture, air, liquid) in the chamber, in particular the lower housing chamber. The medium displaced from the chamber in an area below the separating element, in particular the lower housing part chamber, can be at least partially returned through at least one securing channel into the chamber in an area above the separating element, in particular the upper housing part chamber. A securing material (particulate material e.g. sand or polymer particles) can also be arranged within the securing channel, which is forced into the chamber in an area above the separating element, in particular the upper housing chamber, by the medium displaced from the chamber, in particular the lower housing part chamber. As a result, the separating element together with the section separated from the power line or busbar is additionally held on the housing base or in the housing lower part chamber by the pressure of the displaced medium and / or the securing material. This avoids or reduces flashover.

The gas or gas mixture that is expelled through the gas outlet openings (gas outlet channels) can be at least partially returned to the chamber through at least one gas inlet opening. On the one hand, the separating element together with the section separated from the power line or busbar is additionally held in the lower area (lower part of the housing) by the pressure of the returned gas or gas mixture. On the other hand, the gas or gas mixture can serve as a spark-extinguishing element.

At least one of the aforementioned power line disconnection devices can be arranged in an electrically powered vehicle. An (electrically powered) vehicle with at least one of the aforementioned power line disconnection devices is thus also described.

A vehicle component with one of the aforementioned power line disconnection devices (and a busbar arranged in a receptacle of the power line disconnection device) is also described.

• - Bereitstellen eines bewegbaren Trennelements und mindestens eines bewegbaren Energieaufnahmeelements;
• - Bewegen des Trennelements derart, dass es auf die Stromleitung auftrifft und diese zertrennt, so dass ein Teilstück aus der Stromleitung herausgetrennt wird, wobei das Trennelement nach dem Zertrennen der Stromleitung und/oder ein aus der Stromleitung herausgetrenntes Teilstück in Kontakt mit dem Energieaufnahmeelement kommt und dieses in Bewegung versetzt.

Furthermore, a method for disconnecting a power line or busbar is described, in particular using an aforementioned power line disconnection device or vehicle component, with the steps:

• - Providing a movable separating element and at least one movable energy absorption element;
• - Moving the separating element in such a way that it strikes the power line and separates it, so that a section is separated from the power line, the separating element coming into contact with the energy absorption element after the power line has been separated and / or a section separated from the power line and this set in motion.

By (at least in sections or completely) severing the power line or the power rail, the current flow within the power line or power rail can be interrupted.

For example, the separating element can separate at least a section from the power line or busbar.

The method is particularly suitable for cutting high-voltage power lines or high-voltage busbars.

The accelerated separating element has kinetic energy that is partially transferred to the separated section of the busbar. The cut piece is accelerated, for example.

The kinetic energy of the section (mass a) and / or the separating element (mass b) separated from the power line or busbar can be reduced using the law of conservation of momentum, e.g. by reducing the mass a and / or mass b to at least one mass c (e.g. at least an energy absorbing element) and so the kinetic energy of the section separated from the power line or busbar and / or the separating element is partially or completely released to the at least one energy absorbing element (and / or converted into other forms of energy). The kinetic energy of the separating element and / or the cut-out section of the busbar can be reduced, for example, by deformation work on the section and / or the separating element cut out from the power line or the busbar.

Because the kinetic energy of the section separated from the power line or busbar and the separating element has been reduced or completely released, the section separated from the power line or busbar and the separating element can come to a standstill on the housing base or in the lower housing part.

One embodiment of the method provides a two-stage damping mechanism. In this case, the separating element and / or the cut-out section is brought into contact with at least one energy absorption element, which then comes into contact with a damping element (s). The separating element and / or the separated part is deformed in one direction when it comes into contact with the energy absorbing element and then the damping element is deformed in a direction opposite to the one direction by bringing it into contact with the at least one energy absorbing element.

For example, the section separated from the power line or busbar and / or the separating element is deformed in one direction and then the housing, e.g. the housing side wall and / or the housing base, and / or the material that dissipates the kinetic energy and / or the kinetic energy-absorbing structure deformed in another direction (opposite to one direction).

• - Bereitstellen eines bewegbaren Trennelements;
• - Bewegen des Trennelements derart, dass es auf die Stromleitung auftrifft und diese zertrennt, so dass ein Teilstück aus der Stromleitung herausgetrennt wird, wobei die kinetische Energie des Trennelements, die das Trennelement durch seine Bewegung erhält und/oder die kinetische Energie des herausgetrennten Teilstücks, die das Teilstück durch Auftreffen des Trennelements auf die Stromleitung erhält, durch Verformungsarbeit an dem Trennelement und/oder dem herausgetrennten Teilstück reduziert wird.

For example, a method for disconnecting a power line, in particular using an aforementioned power line disconnecting device or a vehicle component, is also described, with the steps:

• - Providing a movable separating element;
• Moving the separating element in such a way that it strikes the power line and cuts it, so that a section is separated from the power line, the kinetic energy of the separating element that the separating element receives through its movement and / or the kinetic energy of the separated section, which the section receives through the impact of the separating element on the power line is reduced by deformation work on the separating element and / or the cut-out section.

It is noted that features of the above-described power line separating device according to the invention can of course also be used to develop the method according to the invention.

• 1A eine Stromleitungs-Trennvorrichtung mit einem Energieaufnahmeelement vor dem Zertrennen der Stromleitung;
• 1 B die Stromleitungs-Trennvorrichtung aus 1A nach dem Zertrennen der Stromleitung;
• 2 eine Stromleitungs-Trennvorrichtung mit zwei Energieaufnahmeelementen vor dem Zertrennen der Stromleitung;
• 3A eine Stromleitungs-Trennvorrichtung mit einem Sicherungskanal vor dem Zertrennen der Stromleitung; und
• 3B die Stromleitungs-Trennvorrichtung aus 3A nach dem Zertrennen der Stromleitung;.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures. Show it:

• 1A a power line cutting device having an energy absorbing member prior to cutting the power line;
• 1 B. the power line disconnect device 1A after disconnecting the power line;
• 2 a power line cutting device having two energy absorbing members prior to cutting the power line;
• 3A a power line cutting device having a fuse channel prior to cutting the power line; and
• 3B the power line disconnect device 3A after disconnecting the power line ;.

In the 1A , 1B , 2 , 3A and 3B are different configurations of power line disconnectors 1 shown. The power line disconnectors 1 each comprise a movable partition element 3 (e.g. in the form of a piston) and an actuator 6th (e.g. a detonator) to initiate movement of the movable partition member 3 . The power line separator 1 has a chamber 4th on in which the separator 3 is arranged. The chamber 4th can from a housing 2 be surrounded. The case 2 can be constructed in two parts and in particular from a lower housing part 22nd and a housing top 21 consist. The lower part of the housing 22nd is with the upper part of the housing 21 (detachable) connected. The upper part of the housing 21 can be a housing top chamber 42 and the lower part of the housing 22nd a lower case chamber 41 containing, which are connected to one another in such a way that the upper housing part chamber 42 and the lower case chamber 42 together one chamber 4th form.

The case 2 or the chamber 4th can take a shot 7th for a power line 8th (here a busbar). It can be a power rail 8th in the recording intended for them 7th be brought in. The power line 8th can between the upper part of the housing 21 and the lower part of the housing 22nd be arranged. The power line 8th can have at least one power line breaking point 81 exhibit.

Inside the case 2 can be an actuator 6th be arranged with the separator 3 communicates. By activating the activator 6th can cause movement of the separator 3 towards the power line 8th caused, whereby there is an impact of the separating element 3 on the power line 8th comes.

By the impact of the separating element 3 on the power line 8th , the power line can 8th cut so that the flow of current is interrupted. It can be a section 82 (e.g. a conductive coin partially or completely) from the power line 8th be separated out. The separator 3 and / or that from the power line 8th cut-out sections are in the direction of at least one energy absorbing element 10 moves and hits this. This impact causes the kinetic energy of the separating element 3 and / or from the power line 8th cut out section on the energy absorbing element 10 at least partially or completely transferred.

By reducing the kinetic energy of the separator 3 and / or the cut-out section 82 will bounce back towards the power line 8th or an undesired sparkover is prevented or reduced.

The case 2 has two gas openings 5 , a main gas opening to let out the resulting gases and an air chamber opening which, when the power line separator is triggered, provides a path for those still in the chamber 4th represents air to be displaced.

In 1A is a power line separator 1 before disconnecting the power line 8th and in 1B after disconnecting the power line 8th shown. The power line separator 1 has an energy absorbing element 10 on which in a guide channel 12th is arranged. The guide channel 12th is designed in a straight line here and within the lower housing part 22nd arranged. To the guide channel 12th a damping element closes 11 which is on the case back 23 is arranged or forms this. In the guide channel 12th is a fixing mechanism 9 arranged that the energy absorbing element 10 fixed before disconnecting the power line. By the impact of the separator 3 on the power line 8th becomes a part 82 knocked out which on the energy absorbing element 10 hits. Thereby the kinetic energy of the separating element 3 and / or from the power line 8th cut out part 82 on the energy absorbing element 10 at least partially or completely transferred. The impact also causes the fixing mechanism 9 loosened (for example, holding pins are broken or moved into recesses provided for them) and the energy absorbing element 10 is through the guide channel 2 in the direction of the damping element 11 guided. Already through the friction between the energy absorbing element 10 and guide channel 12th becomes the kinetic energy of the energy absorbing element 10 reduced. By the impact of the energy absorbing element 10 on the damping element 11 becomes the kinetic energy of the energy absorbing element 10 on the damping element 11 transferred (at least in part or in full).

In 2 is a power line separator 1 with two energy absorption elements 10 before disconnecting the power line 8th shown. The two energy absorbing elements 10 are each in a guide channel 12th movably arranged. The respective guide channels 12th are curved. To the respective guide channels 12th a damping element closes in each case 11 which is on the case back 23 is arranged or forms this. Within the respective guide channel 9 is each a fixing mechanism 9 arranged, the corresponding energy absorbing element 10 before disconnecting the power line 8th fixed. By the impact of the separator 3 and / or from the power line 8th cut out section 82 on the respective energy absorption element 10 becomes the respective fixing mechanism 9 solved and the respective energy absorption element 10 is in the direction of the corresponding damping element 11 set in motion. Thereby give the separator 3 and / or that from the power line 8th cut out section 82 (at least part or all of) their kinetic energy to the energy absorption elements 10 from. The two energy absorbing elements 10 each move in the guide channel 12th in the direction of the respective damping element 11 and encounter this. Thereby give the energy absorption elements 10 at least part or all of their kinetic energy to the respective damping element 11 from.

In the 3A and 3B Power line separator shown 1 also includes a fuse in the form of two fuse channels 13th . A backup channel 13th has two ends which are designed as openings. The respective backup channel 13th is at one end with the upper housing part chamber 42 and at its other end to the lower housing part chamber 41 be connected. In 3A is a power line disconnect device 1 before disconnecting the power line 8th and in 3B after disconnecting the power line 8th shown. By moving the separator 3 and the part separated from the power line into the lower housing part chamber 41 becomes that in the lower part of the housing chamber 41 located medium (e.g. air) is displaced. There is also a securing material inside the securing channel 14th (eg sand) arranged, which through the from the lower housing part chamber 41 displaced medium in the upper part of the housing chamber 42 is pushed. By the pressure what the security material on the separating element 3 including that from the power line 8th or busbar cut out section 82 exerts, becomes the separator 3 including that from the power line 8th or busbar cut out section 82 in the lower part of the housing 41 held. This avoids or reduces flashover.

List of reference symbols

1

Power line separator

2

casing

21

Housing upper part

22nd

Housing base

23

Case back

3

Separator

4th

chamber

41

Housing lower part chamber

42

Housing upper part chamber

5

Gas openings

6th

Actuator

7th

Receptacle for power line

8th

power line

81

Power line breaking point

82

Section of the power line

9

Fixing mechanism

10

Energy absorbing element

11

Damping element

12th

Guide channel

13th

Fuse channel

14th

Backup material

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102018125059 A9 [0003]

Claims (15)

Power line separating device (1) with - a movable separating element (3); - An actuator (6) for triggering a movement of the separating element (3); - With at least one movable energy absorption element (10); - optionally a power line (8); - the separating element (3) is designed and arranged in such a way that, after the actuator (6) has been activated, it strikes the power line (8) and separates it, characterized in that the separating element (3) after the power line (8 ) and / or a section (82) separated from the power line (8) can be brought into contact with the energy absorbing element (10) and thereby the energy absorbing element (10) can be set in motion. Power line separator (1) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the energy absorption element (10) can be set in a translatory and / or rotary movement by bringing it into contact with the separating element (3) and / or the section (82) separated from the power line (8). Power line separator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one damping element (11) with which the energy absorbing element (10) which can be set in motion can be brought into contact in order to reduce the kinetic energy of the energy absorbing element (10). Power line separator (1) according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the at least one damping element (11) has a honeycomb structure. Power line separator (1) according to Claim 3 or 4th , characterized in that the at least one damping element (11) consists of or contains an elastic material, polytetrafluoroethylene, silicone and / or polyaramid. Power line separating device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one energy absorption element (10) is movably arranged in a guide channel (12). Power line separator (1) according to Claim 6 , characterized in that the guide channel (12) is at least partially curved. Power line separator (1) according to Claim 6 or 7th as far as related to Claim 3 , characterized in that the guide channel (12) is followed by the damping element (11). Power line separating device (1) according to one of the Claims 3 to 8th , characterized in that the at least one energy absorption element (10) is arranged at a distance from the damping element (11) before it is brought into contact with the separating element (3) and / or the section (82) separated from the power line, and the energy absorption element (10) can be brought into contact with the damping element (11) after being brought into contact with the separating element (3) and / or the cut-out section (82). Power line separating device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one energy absorption element (10) consists of or contains an elastic material, polytetrafluoroethylene, silicone and / or polyaramid. Power line separating device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one energy absorbing element (10) can be fixed by a fixing mechanism (9) before it is brought into contact with the separating element (3) and / or the separated section (82) and the at least one energy absorption element (10) can no longer be fixed by the fixing mechanism (9) after being brought into contact with the separating element (3) and / or the part (82) that has been separated out. Power line separator (1) according to Claim 11 , characterized by at least one receptacle (7) for at least one power line (8). Vehicle component with a power line separator (1) according to Claim 12 and a power line (8) arranged in the receptacle (7) of the power line separating device (1). Method for separating a power line (8), in particular using a power line separating device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 12th or a vehicle component Claim 13 , with the steps of: - providing a movable separating element (3) and at least one movable energy absorption element (10); - Moving the separating element (3) in such a way that it strikes the power line (8) and cuts it, so that a section (82) is separated from the power line, characterized in that the separating element (3) after the power line has been cut ( 8) and / or a section (82) separated from the power line (8) comes into contact with the energy absorption element (10) and sets it in motion. Method for disconnecting a power line (8) according to Claim 14 , characterized in that the separating element (3) and / or the separated part (82) is deformed in one direction when it comes into contact with the energy absorbing element (10) and then a damping element (11) is brought into contact with the at least one energy absorbing element (10) is deformed in a direction opposite to one direction.

Images