DE102019134323B4 - Wall bracket for a rear-ventilated curtain wall and a rear-ventilated curtain wall - Google Patents

Abstract

Wall bracket (1) for a curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade, comprising- a fastening part (3) for fastening to a load-bearing structure, in particular a load-bearing wall, and- first, second and third struts (10, 11, 12) extending in the lateral direction (L) from the fastening part (3), each end connected to the fastening part (3) and to the fastening blade (7) are, wherein the first strut (10) is connected to the fastening part (3) in the region of a first support point (A1), the second strut (11) is connected to the fastening part (3) in the region of a second support point (A2) and the third strut (12) is connected to the fastening part (3) in the area of a third support point (A3), the first support point (A1) being separated from the second and third support point (A3) is spaced from one another in such a way that connecting lines (V12, V23, V13), which connect the first, second and third reference points (A1, A2, A3) to one another, form a triangle, the fastening part (3) being designed to be attached to the to be attached to the supporting structure that the connecting line (V23) connecting the second support point (A2) and the third support point (A3) lies in a horizontal plane (H) and the first support point (A1) from which the second support point (A2) and the connecting line (V23) connecting the third reference point (A3) is spaced apart in a vertical direction (V) running perpendicular to the horizontal plane (H), characterized in that the fastening part (3) is designed to be fastened to the supporting structure in such a way, that the fastening blade (7) runs parallel to the horizontal plane, the fastening blade (7) being formed in one piece (11, 12) with the second and third struts.

Description

The invention relates to a wall bracket for a rear-ventilated curtain wall according to the preamble of claim 1 and a rear-ventilated curtain wall with several wall brackets.

In the building industry, a curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade is a multi-layer external wall construction that is specified in more detail in DIN 18516-1: 2010-06, for example.

Curtain-type, rear-ventilated facades comprise several wall brackets which are intended to be anchored in a load-bearing structure, in particular in a load-bearing wall of a building. The load-bearing wall is typically an outer wall of a building to which sheet-like cladding elements of an outer cladding can be attached directly or indirectly, for example via additional support profiles or otherwise designed support means, such as angles or the like, by means of the wall bracket.

The cladding elements, which are typically arranged plane-parallel to the load-bearing wall, form the outer surface of the facade that is visible to the outside and also serve as protection, in particular against driving rain. The wall brackets space the cladding elements from the wall in a lateral direction. An intermediate space is thus formed between the cladding elements and the load-bearing structure in which insulating material, for example rock or mineral wool, is introduced for thermal insulation. The insulation material is typically arranged immediately adjacent to the load-bearing structure or wall. The space formed between the cladding elements and the load-bearing structure is not completely filled with insulating material in the case of a curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade.Instead, a gap is typically formed immediately behind the cladding elements, which in particular serves to remove any moisture that has penetrated.

Since the cladding elements are attached to the load-bearing structure via the wall brackets, the wall brackets represent a not inconsiderable source of danger in the event of a fire. Wall brackets for rear-ventilated facades should be sufficiently resistant to structural failure caused by the effects of heat.

The wall brackets usually penetrate the thermal insulation layer of the facade and therefore generally represent thermal bridges that have a negative impact on the thermal insulation properties of the facade and its energy transmission rate (also: g-value).

Regarding the state of the art, reference is made to the generic DE 197 00 686 A1 , DE 20 36 329 A , DE 39 10 286 A1 as DE 78 13 200 U1 .

Against this background, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved wall bracket for a curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade, which is particularly suitable for forming a curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade with good thermal insulation and / or improved fire protection.

This object is achieved by a wall bracket with the features of claim 1 and by a curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade according to claim 10.

Advantageous refinements are the subject of the subclaims.

• - ein Befestigungsteil zur Befestigung an einer tragenden Konstruktion, insbesondere tragenden Wand,
• - ein flächig ausgebildetes Befestigungsschwert, welches zur zumindest mittelbaren Befestigung mit zumindest einem Bekleidungselement der vorgehängten hinterlüfteten Fassade ausgebildet ist, und
• - sich in lateraler Richtung von dem Befestigungsteil ersteckende erste, zweite und dritte Streben, die jeweils endseitig mit dem Befestigungsteil und mit dem Befestigungsschwert verbunden sind. Die erste Strebe ist im Bereich eines ersten Aufpunktes mit dem Befestigungsteil verbunden, die zweite Strebe ist entsprechend im Bereich eines zweiten Aufpunktes mit dem Befestigungsteil verbunden und die dritte Strebe ist im Bereich eines dritten Aufpunktes mit dem Befestigungsteil verbunden. Der erste Aufpunkt ist von dem zweiten und dem dritten Aufpunkt derart zueinander beabstandet, dass Verbindungslinien, die den ersten, zweiten und dritten Aufpunkt miteinander verbinden, ein Dreieck bilden. Mit anderen Worten bilden die ersten, zweiten und dritten Streben eine Art Dreibein, das sich in lateraler Richtung erstreckt und in Richtung zum Befestigungsteil hin, also im montierten Zustand in Richtung zur tragenden Konstruktion bzw. Wand hin, aufspreizt.

A wall bracket (also: wall bracket) for a curtain-type, ventilated facade includes

• - a fastening part for fastening to a load-bearing structure, in particular a load-bearing wall,
• a flat fastening sword, which is designed for at least indirect fastening with at least one cladding element of the rear-ventilated curtain wall, and
• - First, second and third struts extending in the lateral direction from the fastening part and each end connected to the fastening part and to the fastening sword. The first strut is connected to the fastening part in the region of a first contact point, the second strut is correspondingly connected to the fastening part in the region of a second contact point and the third strut is connected to the fastening part in the region of a third contact point. The first support point is spaced from the second and the third support point in such a way that connecting lines which connect the first, second and third support points form a triangle. In other words, the first, second and third struts form a kind of tripod which extends in the lateral direction and spreads open in the direction of the fastening part, that is to say in the assembled state in the direction of the supporting structure or wall.

The fastening part is designed to be fastened to the supporting structure in such a way that the connecting line which connects the second support point and the third support point with one another lies essentially in a horizontal plane. The first starting point is from the second On point and the third point of connection connecting the connecting line spaced apart in a vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane. In other words, when the wall holder is used as intended, the second and third struts extend laterally from the supporting structure or wall in the assembled state and are anchored at the same height or in a horizontal plane with respect to the vertical. The first strut is fastened in the area of the first support point on the fastening part, which, when the wall bracket is fastened to the supporting structure or wall as intended, is in particular above the aforementioned horizontal plane. A load caused by the weight of the clothing element fastened to the fastening sword thus causes a tensile load on the first, upper strut, whereas the second strut and the third strut are subjected to pressure.

The invention is characterized in that the fastening part is designed to be fastened to the supporting structure in such a way that the fastening sword runs parallel to the horizontal plane. The fastening sword is formed in one piece with the second and the third strut.

The proposed wall bracket has improved statics and is designed, for example, to absorb relatively large loads, which may be caused, for example, by cladding elements made of natural stone, and to dissipate them into the ground. With a given load, this can be used to reduce the cross-sectional area of the wall bracket used, in particular in order to at least limit the influence on the thermal insulation or energy transmittance of the facade. Wall brackets with reduced cross-sectional areas have a correspondingly limited effect as thermal bridges, so that in particular the degree of energy transmission (also: g-value) related to the area of the facade can be improved. Such a positive effect on the insulation properties of the curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade is given even if the wall brackets used for fastening are made entirely of a material with relatively good thermal conductivity, such as a metal, in particular aluminum.

Such designs made of metal are also to be preferred with regard to fire protection, since wall brackets that are made entirely of metal typically have a higher resistance in the event of fire than wall brackets that are at least partially made of plastic. In this way, the risk of a complete structural failure of the wall bracket in the event of a fire and the associated risk of the facade cladding elements becoming detached and falling can be reduced.

The first, second and third struts form a three-axis structure that tapers in particular in the lateral direction towards the fastening blade. This has advantages when installing the curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade on a building, since the wall brackets are typically first attached to the load-bearing structure or wall, in order to then attach insulation materials, in particular directly to the load-bearing structure or wall, so that at least the fastening sword is exposed the insulation material protrudes. The insulating material, in particular in the form of mats, can be held at least temporarily by the wall holder due to the structure of the wall holder expanding in the direction of the supporting construction or wall, which simplifies assembly. In addition, it can be assumed that the ability of the wall brackets to secure insulating material, at least temporarily, in particular with regard to vertical slipping, is not completely lost even in the event of structural failure of the wall brackets in the event of a fire. In other words, the wall brackets can prevent the insulation material, in particular for fire insulation, from becoming detached from the load-bearing structure either prematurely or completely in the event of a fire.

Terms such as “horizontal” and “vertical” are to be interpreted in the context of this description in a generally accepted manner with reference to the gravitational field of the earth, in particular when the wall bracket described here is used as intended. The wall bracket is designed in particular structurally so that it can be used in the manner described. In particular, the wall bracket can be attached to a vertical anchoring base or to a wall in such a way that the upper, first strut function as a tension band to absorb tensile forces and the lower, second and third struts to absorb compressive forces. For this purpose, the first strut runs at least in sections obliquely with respect to the vertical direction, whereas the second and third struts are arranged, for example, in the horizontal plane, that is, perpendicular to the vertical direction.

In refinements, the connection lines connecting the first, second and third reference points form an isosceles triangle, one leg of the isosceles triangle being formed by the connection line that connects the first reference point with the second reference point and another leg of the isosceles triangle is formed by the connection line that connects the first reference point with the third reference point. The wall bracket is in refinements in particular designed symmetrically with respect to a mirror plane extending in the vertical direction.

In refinements, the first strut is curved at least in sections.

In refinements, the second and third struts have an L-shaped cross-sectional profile. Such a shape increases the load-bearing capacity and can, for example, be produced in a particularly simple manner by reshaping flat semi-finished products or sheets.

In refinements, the fastening part is designed to be flat, at least in some areas. The fastening part is produced, for example, in a particularly simple manner by cutting, punching and / or reshaping flat semi-finished products or sheets.

In refinements, the fastening part is formed in one piece with the second and third struts. It is thus provided that the fastening part together with the second and the third strut is produced in one piece by cutting, punching and / or reshaping flat semi-finished products or sheets in order to reduce the production costs of the wall bracket.

In one embodiment, the fastening part, the first and the second strut and the horizontally running fastening blade are made in one piece, for example by cutting, punching and / or reshaping flat semi-finished products or sheets.

In a further development, the first strut is materially connected to the fastening part and to the fastening sword, in particular by means of welding or laser welding. The fastening blade preferably extends in the horizontal plane and is formed in one piece with the first and second struts and the fastening part. In this way, the wall bracket can essentially be produced from only two parts in configurations.

In an alternative embodiment not according to the invention, the fastening part can be designed to be fastened to the supporting structure in such a way that the fastening sword runs perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the first strut being at least partially flat and in one piece with the fastening sword. In other words, a fastening sword to be oriented vertically is preferably formed in one piece with the first strut in configurations. In a further development of the aforementioned, non-inventive embodiment, the first strut is materially connected to the fastening part, in particular by means of welding or laser welding, and the fastening sword is materially connected to the second strut and to the third strut, in particular by means of welding or laser welding. In other words, the vertically oriented fastening sword is formed in one piece with the first strut as one component. Another component is formed by the second strut and the third strut, which are formed in one piece with the fastening part. These two components are connected by welding to produce the wall bracket.

In refinements, the wall bracket has a substantially T-shaped cross section in cross-sectional planes running perpendicular to the lateral direction. Insulating material, for example in the form of mats made of mineral or rock wool, can thus be slotted particularly easily in the area of existing wall brackets in a cross or T-shape and then positioned over the wall bracket already attached to the anchoring base. Due to the structure of the wall bracket, such insulation mats can also be held at least temporarily on the load-bearing wall, which simplifies their final attachment, for example by means of screws, anchors or otherwise designed fastening elements, during the assembly of the rear-ventilated curtain wall.

In refinements, the wall bracket is made in one piece. In the context of this description, parts are referred to as one-piece, the components of which are connected to one another in a materially bonded manner, in particular by welding or laser welding. Preferred configurations of the wall bracket are formed in particular by welding several, for example two, in particular precisely two, components which are formed in one piece. One-piece components consist in particular of the same material and can, for example, be produced from semi-finished products by means of cutting, stamping and / or forming.

In refinements, the wall bracket is made entirely of metal, in particular aluminum, stainless steel or another metal or metal alloy. In particular, the wall bracket does not have any load-bearing sections made of plastic or the like in order to increase the fire resistance of the wall bracket.

The invention further relates to a curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade which has a plurality of wall brackets anchored to a load-bearing structure, in particular a load-bearing wall, which are designed as already described above. The cladding elements of the curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade are at least indirectly attached to the fastening blades of the wall brackets. The Insulating material or the insulating materials are typically introduced in the area of the struts of the wall brackets between the load-bearing structure or wall and the cladding elements that form the outer surface of the facade. At least the fastening swords protrude from the insulating material, so that a gap is formed between the insulating layer formed by the insulating materials introduced and the inside of the clothing elements. The cladding elements are typically fastened to the fastening swords using conventional fastening elements such as screws or brackets or more complex support profile systems that are commercially available in the field of construction.

The wall brackets are anchored to the load-bearing structure, in particular the load-bearing wall, in such a way that a load caused by the weight of the cladding elements stresses the first struts of the respective wall brackets in tension and second and third struts of the respective wall brackets in compression.

• 1 einen Wandhalter gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
• 2 den Wandhalter gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Seitenansicht;
• 3 den Wandhalter gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Aufsicht;
• 4 den Wandhalter gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Rückansicht;
• 5 einen Wandhalter gemäß einem zweiten, nicht erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
• 6 den Wandhalter gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Seitenansicht;
• 7 den Wandhalter gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Aufsicht;
• 8 den Wandhalter gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Rückansicht.

For a further description of the invention, reference is made to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing figures. It shows in a schematic representation:

• 1 a wall bracket according to a first embodiment in a perspective view;
• 2 the wall bracket according to the first embodiment in a side view;
• 3 the wall bracket according to the first embodiment in a plan view;
• 4th the wall bracket according to the first embodiment in a rear view;
• 5 a wall bracket according to a second embodiment not according to the invention in a perspective view;
• 6th the wall bracket according to the second embodiment in a side view;
• 7th the wall bracket according to the second embodiment in a plan view;
• 8th the wall bracket according to the second embodiment in a rear view.

Corresponding parts are provided with the same reference symbols in all figures.

1 to 4th show a wall bracket 1 for a curtain ventilated facade according to a first embodiment of the invention.

The wall bracket 1 has a fastening part 3 which is designed for attachment to a load-bearing wall, in particular the outer wall of a building, and in particular openings for this purpose 5 has through which fastening means such as screws or wall anchors can be passed. Starting from the fastening part 3 three struts extend 10 , 11 , 12th in the lateral direction L. , on which a flat fastening sword at the end 7th is arranged.

The fastening sword 7th is designed for direct or indirect attachment to a cladding element of the rear-ventilated curtain wall and has recesses for this purpose, for example 9 on, in which conventional fastening means, such as angles or screws, or a support profile supporting the cladding element can be anchored. In other cases it is the fastening sword 7th provided for the direct attachment of a clothing element.

The fastening sword 7th runs in the first embodiment in a horizontal plane H . On the fastening part 3 and on the fastening sword 7th is a first strut 10 which is curved and oblique with respect to the vertical direction V runs, firmly fixed by means of laser welding. The fastening part 3 , the fastening sword 7th , a second strut 11 and a third strut 12th of the in 1 to 4th The first exemplary embodiment shown are formed in one piece from a flat semi-finished product by cutting and reshaping. The second and third strut 11 , 12th run perpendicular to the fastening part 3 in the horizontal plane H .

In other exemplary embodiments, the first, second and third struts run 10 , 11 , 12th oblique to the vertical direction V or to the horizontal plane H . In turn, in other configurations, the first strut runs 10 perpendicular to the vertical direction V and the second and third struts 11 , 12th oblique to the vertical direction V or to the horizontal plane H .

The first, second and third struts 10 , 11 , 12th are on the mounting part 3 in areas of first, second and third points A1 , A2 , A3 attached, which are arranged in a triangle to each other. As in particular in 4th shown, form connecting lines V12 , V23 , V13 who have made the Aufpunkt A1 , A2 , A3 connect with each other, an isosceles triangle. The connecting line A23, which forms the base of the isosceles triangle, runs in the horizontal plane H . The first starting point A1 is in the vertical direction V above the horizontal plane H arranged. The one on the fastening sword 7th attached garment element thus causes a load that the first strut 10 on train and the second and third struts 11 , 12th load on pressure.

It is provided in the rear area of the fastening element facing the supporting structure or wall 3 to attach an insulating element for thermal insulation. In order to facilitate the installation of the insulating element (not shown), the wall bracket 1 one from the fastener 3 in the lateral direction L. rear protruding flange 15th on.

5 to 8th show a wall bracket 1 for a curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade according to a second exemplary embodiment not according to the invention. The wall bracket 1 of the second exemplary embodiment largely corresponds to that of the first exemplary embodiment, so that reference is first made to the previous statements.

The wall bracket 1 of the second embodiment differs essentially from the wall bracket 1 of the first embodiment in that the fastening sword 7th runs vertically. In addition, the fastening sword is 7th along with the first strut 10 formed in one piece. This is advantageous from a manufacturing point of view, since the first strut, which is formed in a flat manner 10 together with the fastening sword 7th is preferably produced essentially by punching or cutting out of semi-finished metal.

The one with the fastening sword 7th integrally formed first strut 10 is used in the manufacture of the wall bracket 1 according to the second embodiment with the fastening part 3 and the second and third struts 11 , 12th materially connected, in particular by means of laser welding. The fastening part 3 and the second and third struts 11 , 12th of the second exemplary embodiment are preferably formed in one piece, in particular by punching, cutting and / or reshaping flat metal semifinished products.

The second strut 11 and the third strut 12th have an L-shaped cross-sectional profile. The orientation of the L-shaped cross-sectional profile, especially with respect to the vertical direction V , can be different in different exemplary embodiments (cf. in particular 4th and 8th ).

The wall bracket described above 1 is fastened to the load-bearing wall with the help of screws or wall anchors, with between the fastening part 3 and a flat insulating element for thermal insulation is arranged on the wall. The wall bracket has planes that are parallel to the fastening part 3 and perpendicular to the horizontal plane H running, a substantially T-shaped cross-sectional contour. The insulating material present in particular in mats can be used in a particularly simple manner in the areas of the wall brackets already attached to the wall 1 can be attached by slitting the mats in a T-shape or cross-shape and then using the wall bracket 1 be pushed and attached to the wall. The ends of the wall brackets 1 , especially the fastening swords 7th , protrude from the end of the insulation material, so that between the insulation material and the cladding elements that are then attached to the fastening sword 7th be fastened for example by means of screws, angles or other fastening means, a gap is formed.

Although the invention has been illustrated and described in more detail with reference to the preferred exemplary embodiment, the invention is not restricted thereby. Other variations and combinations can be derived from this by the person skilled in the art without deviating from the essential concept of the invention. In particular, any combinations of features that have been described or disclosed with reference to various exemplary embodiments and / or figures are possible.

List of reference symbols

1

Wall bracket

3

Fastening part

5

opening

7th

Fastening sword

9

Recess

10

strut

11

strut

12th

strut

15th

flange

A1

Starting point

A2

Starting point

A3

Starting point

V12

Connecting line

V23

Connecting line

V13

Connecting line

V

vertical direction

H

horizontal direction

L.

lateral direction

Claims (11)

Wall bracket (1) for a curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade, comprising - a fastening part (3) for fastening to a load-bearing structure, in particular a load-bearing wall, - a flat fastening sword (7), which is designed for at least indirect fastening with at least one cladding element of the curtain-type, rear-ventilated facade, and - first, second and third struts (10, 11) extending in the lateral direction (L) from the fastening part (3) , 12), each end connected to the fastening part (3) and to the fastening blade (7), the first strut (10) being connected to the fastening part (3) in the area of a first support point (A1), the second strut (11) is connected to the fastening part (3) in the region of a second support point (A2) and the third strut (12) is connected to the fastening part (3) in the region of a third support point (A3), the first support point (A1) from the second and third reference point (A3) are spaced from one another in such a way that connecting lines (V12, V23, V13) connecting the first, second and third reference point (A1, A2, A3) form a triangle en, wherein the fastening part (3) is designed to be fastened to the supporting structure in such a way that the connecting line (V23) connecting the second support point (A2) and the third support point (A3) lies in a horizontal plane (H) and the first support point (A1) is spaced from the connecting line (V23) connecting the second support point (A2) and the third support point (A3) in a vertical direction (V) perpendicular to the horizontal plane (H), characterized in that the fastening part (3) is designed to be attached to the supporting structure in such a way that the fastening blade (7) runs parallel to the horizontal plane, the fastening blade (7) being formed in one piece (11, 12) with the second and third struts. Wall bracket (1) Claim 1 , wherein the connecting lines (V12, V23, V13) connecting the first, second and third reference points (A1, A2, A3) to one another form an isosceles triangle, one leg of the isosceles triangle being formed by the connecting line (V12) which connects the first Connection point (A1) connects to the second reference point and another leg of the isosceles triangle is formed by the connecting line (V13) which connects the first reference point (A1) with the third reference point (A3). Wall bracket (1) Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the first strut (10) is curved at least in sections. Wall bracket (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second and the third strut (11, 12) have an L-shaped cross-sectional profile. Wall bracket (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fastening part (3) is at least partially flat. Wall bracket (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fastening part (3) is formed in one piece with the second and third struts (11, 12). Wall bracket (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first strut (10) is materially connected to the fastening part (3) and to the fastening sword (7), in particular by means of welding or laser welding. Wall bracket (1) according to one of the preceding claims, which has a substantially T-shaped cross section in cross-sectional planes running perpendicular to the lateral direction (L). Wall bracket (1) according to one of the preceding claims, which is made entirely of metal, in particular aluminum. Curtain-type rear-ventilated facade with a plurality of wall brackets (1) anchored to a load-bearing structure, in particular a load-bearing wall, according to one of the preceding claims, cladding elements of the curtain-type rear-ventilated facade being fastened at least indirectly to the fastening blades (7) of the wall brackets (3). Rear-ventilated curtain wall after Claim 10 , the wall brackets (1) being anchored to the supporting structure, in particular the supporting wall, in such a way that a load caused by the weight of the cladding elements pulls the first struts (10) of the respective wall brackets (1) and the second and third struts (11 , 12) of the respective wall bracket (1) apply pressure.

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