DE102019130490B3 - Electrical device, in particular test module, and method for detecting and evaluating a plug-in process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical device (1), in particular a test module, which has an outer frame (2) and an inner frame (4) that can be adjusted in one or against an insertion direction with respect to the outer frame (2), whereby on the inner frame (4) a plug receptacle (6) for receiving a plug (7) is provided. Here, at least one connecting element (10) is in first fastening points (P1, P2; P5, P6) on the outer frame (2) and in second fastening points (P3 , P4) attached to the inner frame (4) and elastically adjustable in the event of a mechanical adjustment of the inner frame (4) relative to the outer frame (2) in or against the insertion direction (R). The connecting element has (10) an elastic printed circuit board (20) and resistance elements (22; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8), the electrical resistance values of which can be changed during the elastic adjustment of the connecting element (10), a measuring device (30) for measuring the electrical resistance of the resistance elements (22; R1-R8) and outputting a measurement signal (S1), and a control and evaluation device for receiving the measurement signal and comparing or evaluating the measurement signal and outputting an evaluation signal for display a proper insertion and / or pulling process is provided.

Description

The invention relates to an electrical device, in particular a test module, which has a plug receptacle for receiving a plug, as well as a method for detecting and evaluating a plugging process.

Electrical devices, in particular also electronic devices, are generally connected to other units or electrical devices by cables provided with plugs. The plug can in particular be an electrical plug and serve to supply power to the electrical device. Furthermore, plugs and plug receptacles are also used for signal transmission. In the motor vehicle sector, for example, the cables of a cable harness are inserted into the electrical devices or structural units of the vehicle by means of corresponding plugs and plug receptacles.

For testing cables or cable harnesses, test modules are known in which the plugs are inserted in order to subsequently test them before installation in a vehicle. The EP3460495 A1 shows such a test module.

It must be ensured that the insertion process is correct and that the individual contacts are locked. Such insertion processes are often carried out manually, the user inserting the plug with sufficient insertion or press-in force. Depending on how the plug is handled and how the plug receptacle is accessible, but also depending on other parameters, the insertion processes can be faulty. In this case, electrical contacting of the plug pins of the plug in the corresponding pin receptacles or pin sockets of the plug receptacle is possibly first achieved; subsequently, however, individual contacts in the plug / socket may become loose, e.g. B. in the case of mechanical stress on its line or cable, and in particular also through other mechanical loads such as vibrations, which can also be relevant in the automotive sector in particular.

Thus, in spite of any electrical contacting of the individual contacts at the beginning, there may be no proper insertion process.

In addition to electrical contacts, contact can also be made with corresponding light guides via plugs and plug receptacles, with a sufficient insertion force or press-in force as well as locking being ensured here too.

A signal test is basically known for evaluating the insertion process, in which the electrical contacting of the plugs in the plug receptacles is subsequently checked. A plugging process that has initially reached a contact with the contacts or plug pins in the pin receptacles, but in which z. For example, if the plug was not pressed deep enough into the plug receptacle, it may not be detected as faulty, although contacts can subsequently become loose.

The WO2007 / 140753 A1 shows a test pin for testing plugs, with which a mechanical load on the individual plug contacts is exerted on the plug.

The DE 10 2016 111 373 A1 describes a self-warning system for unlocked connectors, including an electrical connector system, having a seal disposed between a head surface and a connector surface, and a plurality of thin film force sensing elements, the thin film force sensing elements coupled to the seal, having an electrical in-line network and configured to form a conductive path through the series electrical network in response to forces exerted at predetermined locations on the gasket in excess of a threshold value.
Here, an elastic element is provided which is configured to seal an interface between the head surface and the connector surface. The thin film sensing elements are in contact with the elastic element and are configured to define a resistance of an electrical network based on the force applied to the seal.

The DE 10 2016 119 758 A1 describes a connector which has a housing with an inside, an outside and at least one seal, the housing having two long, parallel sides and two short, parallel sides and being suitable for receiving at least one contact insert. Furthermore, the housing has at least one means for locking with a mating connector. So that the connection between connector and mating connector is correct and tight, the housing has a monitoring means that monitors the correct sealing of the housing, the monitoring means in particular a sensor, for. B. is a piezoelectric sensor.

The invention is based on the object of creating an electrical device, in particular a test module, and a method for checking an insertion and latching process that is reliable Enable assessment of an insertion, including correct positioning.

This object is achieved by an electrical device and a method according to the independent claims. The subclaims describe preferred developments.

The electrical device can in particular be a test module with which, for example, a cable harness can be tested. In principle, however, the design according to the invention can generally take place in electrical devices.

The method according to the invention can in particular be carried out with the test module according to the invention; the test module according to the invention is provided in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention.

The electrical device thus has an inner frame and an outer frame which can be adjusted relative to one another. The inner frame has a plug receptacle or socket for receiving a plug in an insertion direction. The inner frame is received in a recess in the outer frame and is guided in such a way that the inner frame can be adjusted in the direction of insertion or in the opposite direction to the outer frame. The recess can surround the inner frame on four sides; however, a guided tour is also possible on two sides, for example.

The plug can thus be plugged into the plug receptacle in the plug-in direction or pulled out of the plug receptacle counter to the plug-in direction, so that the inner frame is adjusted relative to the outer frame by the plugging process or a pulling process. Here, at least one connecting element is provided between the inner frame and the outer frame, preferably two or more connecting elements are provided. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, two connecting elements are provided which accommodate the inner frame between them or are provided on both sides of the inner frame. Thus, the inner frame can be received and guided evenly between the connecting elements, whereby in particular a straight guidance of the inner frame is achieved during the insertion process and torsion of the inner frame relative to the outer frame can be avoided.

The connecting element is attached to the outer frame at first attachment points and to the inner frame at second attachment points. Here, the connecting element is elastically deformable, so that it is elastically deformed during the insertion process (in the insertion direction) and during the pulling process (opposite to the insertion direction).

The first and second fastening points form in particular inner outer fastening points and are in particular spaced apart from one another in a longitudinal direction that is not parallel to the insertion direction, preferably orthogonal, in particular alternately or alternately.

So z. B. two adjacent inner attachment points of the connecting element can be provided on the outer frame, d. H. represent first fastening points, and outer fastening points of the connecting element spaced apart therefrom in the longitudinal direction can be provided on the inner frame, d. H. represent second attachment points.

In addition, additional fastening points can again be spaced apart in the longitudinal direction from the two outer fastening points, i.e. H. can be provided on the outer frame as fastening points arranged on the very outside, so that an alternating or alternating arrangement of fastening points is provided.

The alternating arrangement therefore does not have to be strictly alternating, since z. B. serve two inner attachment points to attach the connecting element to the same frame (z. B. outer frame).
In principle, for example, an inverse fastening is also possible.

Such a design ensures that the elastically deformable connecting element bends between the fastening points on the frame, in particular in a wave-like manner, the amount of deflection thus reflecting the insertion force or press-in force

Thus, in principle, there is advantageously no free play between the inner frame and the outer frame, but rather an initially rigid, but elastically flexible fastening via the at least one elastically deformable connecting element. The inner frame is preferably accommodated and adjusted in the outer frame without friction, e.g. with a sufficient gap.

The measurement of the deflection of the connecting element, which consists of printed circuit board material, is advantageously carried out using measuring resistors which are provided on or on the connecting element and are designed, for example, as conductor track elements on the connecting element. Here, the connecting element has in particular a circuit board, on the top and / or bottom of which the measuring resistors are attached, so that when the circuit board is bent, the as Conductor tracks executed measuring resistors are correspondingly mechanically deformed and change their resistance value due to the mechanical deformation.

A printed circuit board is to be understood as any elastically deformable plate that can be used to accommodate a measuring resistor. The printed circuit board is advantageously designed as a commercially available circuit board or PCB board, so that it can be inexpensively designed or cut to size as a commercially available component, and in particular the resistor elements can also be attached inexpensively, standardized and safely using common methods. In particular, one or more conductor tracks can be applied directly as measuring resistors, e.g. B. as copper tracks, e.g. B. by gluing the conductor track and / or lithographic structuring of the circuit board.

By forming at least one conductor track on the top and / or bottom of a circuit board, a measuring circuit or signal conditioning can be formed in a particularly cost-effective and technically reliable manner, which continues to deliver a relatively high measurement signal, since the deformation on the top and The underside of the circuit board is most clearly visible. Thus, an applied to the top of the circuit board, z. B. glued-on metallic conductor track is particularly stressed during a bending process. Sections of the conductor tracks are thus sufficient as measuring resistors without the need to attach more complex or expensive measuring resistors. These measuring resistors can be implemented in half and full bridge configuration. A symmetrical arrangement compensates for changes in resistance caused by changes in temperature.

The attachment and interconnection of the conductor tracks can take place in particular taking into account the bending curvature of the circuit board, so the one or more conductor tracks on the top and / or underside can be applied over several conductor track sections following one another in the longitudinal direction, so that the undulating curvature of these conductor track sections each either stretches or compresses in the same way. The conductor track sections can, for. B. can be connected in series by vias through the circuit board so that in the event of elastic deformation, the series connection of the conductor track sections delivers a high measurement signal.

When the conductor tracks are stretched, in particular their cross-section is reduced and their length is increased, so that when they are stretched, i. H. in the case of convex outward curvature of the conductor tracks, the resistance value of the conductor track section is increased, and the resistance value is correspondingly reduced in the event of compression.

Correspondingly, a first conductor track can be provided on areas of the top and bottom of the circuit board for stretching during the pulling process, and a second conductor track alternating on sections of the top and bottom for compressing during the pulling process, so that the first conductor track increases its resistance value during the pulling process the second conductor path reduces its resistance value. Such a training of measuring resistors can, for. B. can be detected via a measuring bridge or half bridge that is switched between a supply voltage.

In addition to the pulling process, the insertion process, which leads to a corresponding opposite mechanical load on the connecting element, can also be assessed. Accordingly, a first conductor track can be provided on areas of the top and bottom of the circuit board for compression during the insertion process, and a second conductor path alternating on sections of the top and bottom for expansion during the insertion process, so that the first conductor path reduces its resistance value during the insertion process and the second conductor track increases its resistance value.

On the inner frame or outer frame, protrusions may be formed which extend in the transverse direction, e.g. H. perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and perpendicular to the insertion direction. So z. B. project two projections on the inner frame in the transverse direction and are adjustably received in corresponding free spaces on the outer frame, d. H. especially without contact or frictional engagement.

Projections, for example on the inner frame, allow in particular a straight arrangement of the fastening points of the connecting element on the inner frame and outer frame.

The fastening points can in particular be formed by screw holes in the connecting element and screw receptacles on the inner frame or outer frame, i. H. the connecting element is screwed into the inner frame or into the outer frame at the fastening points. This creates a secure, fixed and releasable connection.

The screw connections can also be used for electrical contacting, e.g. B. for the plated through hole between the top and bottom, designed. In principle, however, vias can also be used outside these Screw connections can be provided through the circuit board.

In principle, electrical contacts and / or fiber optic contacts can be added, i.e. also optical connectors.

• 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Prüfmoduls gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung in perspektivischer Ansicht;
• 1a) eine Detailvergrößerung des Anbindungsbereichs des Verbindungselementes aus 1 in auseinandergezogener Darstellung ;
• 2 eine Aufsicht auf das Gerät aus 1, 1a);
• 3 eine Darstellung des belasteten, durchgebogenen Verbindungselementes gemäß einer Ausführungsform mit vier Befestigungspunkten;
• 4 eine Darstellung des belasteten, durchgebogenen Verbindungselementes gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform mit sechs Befestigungspunkten;
• 5 Ausführungsformen mäanderartiger Ausbildung der Leiterbahnen auf der Leiterplatte;
• 6 Schaltungsanordnungen der Messeinrichtung; und
• 7 ein Flussdiagramm eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.

The invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings of some embodiments. Show it:

• 1 a perspective view of a test module according to an embodiment of the invention in a perspective view;
• 1a) an enlarged detail of the connection area of the connecting element 1 in an exploded view;
• 2 supervise the device 1 , 1a) ;
• 3 a representation of the loaded, bent connecting element according to an embodiment with four fastening points;
• 4th a representation of the loaded, bent connecting element according to a further embodiment with six fastening points;
• 5 Embodiments of a meandering design of the conductor tracks on the circuit board;
• 6th Circuit arrangements of the measuring device; and
• 7th a flow chart of a method according to the invention.

An electrical device 1 can be provided for different applications, in particular as a test module for testing cable harnesses. It can also be used in general, however. B. be a component in a motor vehicle that is to be contacted with other devices or components, in particular for data connection and / or power supply.

The electrical device 1 shows one in 1 indicated outer frame 2 on, in particular part of an external structure of the device 1 can represent and can be made of metal or plastic, for example. The outer frame 2 has a recess 3 on that to accommodate an inner frame 4th serves. The recess 3 can adapt to the outer shape of the outer frame 3 be adapted and thus a fitting, but friction-free reception of the inner frame 4th in one direction of insertion R. allow, e.g. with a gap between the inner frame 4th and outer frame 2 to avoid friction.

In the outer frame 4th is at least one connector socket 6th to accommodate a plug 7th in the direction of insertion R. intended. The plug 7th can in the plug receptacle 6th - in the usual way - are positively received and / or clamped by means of spring pins in order to ensure a secure mechanical fit in the plug receptacle 6th and thereby enable reliable contacting of the electrical contacts. Any connector can 7th one or more connector pins 8th have as electrical contacts, which thus protrude downwards and in the usual way in corresponding pin receptacles 9 or pin contacts on the bottom of the respective connector receptacle 6th be plugged in.

In principle, this training can also be used to accommodate z. B. optical fibers are used, the corresponding force fit and / or form fit in a plug receptacle 6th of the inner frame 4th be included.

The electrical device 1 can be used in addition to the connector receptacles 6th still other electrical connections, e.g. B. permanently recorded cable or other connector to other devices.

The direction of insertion R. corresponds here to the -x direction, the y-direction represents the transverse direction, the z-direction represents the longitudinal direction. The pulling direction -R is opposite to the insertion direction R. aligned.

The inner frame 4th is via two fasteners 10 with the outer frame 2 connected. According to the embodiment shown, the inner frame 4th two projections each, in particular each parallel aligned, on two sides 12 on that are in the transverse direction z extend and in open spaces 14th of the outer frame 2 are adjustably included, with the clearances 14th in particular can be milled accordingly to the projections 12 friction-free, adjustable to take up. The protrusions 12 thus protrude from the inner frame 4th and extend into the open spaces 14th of the outer frame 2 .

The fasteners 10 are in attachment points P1 to P6 on both the protrusions 12 of the inner frame 4th , as well as the outer frame 2 attached. The following is the attachment of one of the fasteners 10 described. According to the embodiment shown, the connecting element 10 with a guide plate 20th or circuit board, in particular a PCB board, which extends in the longitudinal direction Z here. In the outer frame 2 two inner screw mounts 2-1 , 2-2 formed, in particular with an internal thread, the screw receptacles 2-1 , 2-2 with internal screw holes 10-1 , 10-2 in the connector 10 cursing. There are two screws here 16 as fastening elements from above or in the -X direction through the screw holes 10-1 , 10-2 set and in the screw receptacles 2-1 or. 2-2 of the outer frame 2 screwed in, creating two inner attachment points P1, P2 of the connecting element 10 on the outer frame 2 are formed.

Furthermore, in the Z-direction outside the two inner screw holes 10-1 , 10-2 two outer screw holes 10-3 and 10-4 provided in screw mounts 12-3 , 12-4 of the two protrusions 12 align so that the fastener 10 by two screws set from above 16 on the projections 12 of the inner frame 2 is attached, whereby two outer attachment points P3, P4 are formed.

The screw holes 10-1 , 10-2 , 10-3 , 10-4 are thus spaced apart in the Z direction and preferably arranged in a line in the Z direction.

In addition, additional fastening points P5, P6 can be formed in the Z direction outside the outer fastening points P3, P4, which thus represent completely outer fastening points; these are through screw holes 10-5 , 10-6 in the connector 10 and corresponding screw mounts 2-5 , 2-6 of the outer frame 2 as well as inserted screws 16 educated.

Thus the connecting element 10 - from the outside to the inside - on the very outside in the very outer additional attachment points P5, P6 on the outer frame 2 , then in the outer attachment points P3, P4 on the inner frame 4th , and then in the inner attachment points P1, P2 on the outer frame 2 attached.

Thus there is no direct attachment of the inner frame 4th on the outer frame 2 , but an elastic, but without free play formed connection via the two connecting elements 10 . When loading the inner frame 4th when inserting the plug 7th into the plug receptacle 6th thus becomes the inner framework 4th in the direction of insertion R. , ie in the -x direction, compared to the outer frame 2 loaded or pressed in, so that the projections are also correspondingly 12 in their free spaces 14th opposite the outer frame 2 adjust and be pushed in, whereby the fasteners 10 bend each time, as in 3 on an embodiment with only the four attachment points P1, 2, P3, P4 and in 4th is shown correspondingly on an embodiment with six attachment points P1, 2, P3, P4, P5, P6.

The circuit board 20th As such, it can be designed cost-effectively as a standard component and in particular can withstand high mechanical elastic loads, including repeated elastic loads. Every insertion and removal process of the connector 7th thus leads to the in 3 or 4th shown mechanical load and defined deflection, if the insertion process is carried out properly and thus a sufficient insertion force F. of the user when inserting the plug 7th into the plug receptacle 6th is exercised.

On the circuit board 20th are - advantageously on both sides of the circuit board 20a and 20b, ie the top 20a of the circuit board 20th and the underside 20b of the circuit board 20th , multiple conductor tracks 22nd or 122 formed, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the circuit board 20th , according to 1 thus extend in the z-direction or -z-direction. The conductor tracks 22nd can in particular also according to 5 not straight, in particular also meander-like and thus a great length L22 have, whereby in turn a higher measurement signal can be achieved.

When the printed circuit board bends 20th thus the z. B. formed as copper tracks conductor tracks 22nd correspondingly mechanically stressed and thus changed in cross section q22 and possibly also length, ie in particular
when stretched or stretched in the cross-section q22 and reduced in length L22 increases, which increases their electrical resistance,
and with compression in the cross-section q22 and increased in length L22 decreases, thereby reducing their electrical resistance.

During a bending process, elastic, mechanical changes occur that affect the electrical behavior of the conductor tracks 22nd and if necessary change other elements. Thus becomes a measuring device 30th , especially a measuring bridge 31 from several resistance elements R1 to R8 whose change in electrical resistance is determined by, for example, a voltage detector 33 can be measured.

In particular, after 3 Conductor areas R1 , R2 , R3 , R4 on top 20a of the circuit board 20th and the underside 20b of the circuit board 20th also by means of vias 23 in such a way as a measuring bridge or measuring circuit 41 connected so that the deflection leads to a high measurement signal. A series connection and evaluation with a measuring bridge, possibly also with a measuring amplifier, is advantageously provided here. 3 shows the side view or the section through a connecting element 10 with two inner screw holes 10-1 , 10-2 for forming inner attachment points on the outer frame 2 , and two outer screw holes 10-3 , 10-4 for the formation of an outer attachment point for attachment to a respective projection 12 of the inner frame 4th . In 3 is the connecting element 10 shown in the mechanically loaded, ie bent state, so that the circuit board 20th in the area of the outer screw holes 10-3 , 10-4 opposite the central area of the inner screw holes 10-1 , 10-2 in the vertical direction or insertion direction R. or x-direction, is adjusted. The connection shown here thus results in an S-shaped or wave-shaped bend.

As here with the simpler embodiment of the 3 shown, according to an advantageous embodiment, the attachment of the conductor tracks 22nd alternately on the top 20a and bottom 20b of the circuit board 20th take place with vias 23 through the circuit board 20th so that according to the load shown here, the conductor tracks 22nd or the conductor track sections of the conductor tracks 22nd are each loaded to elongation; thus the attachment of the conductor tracks 22nd made alternating on the top 20a and back 20b in such a way that the entire conductor track 22nd is continuously subjected to mechanical stress, ie by means of a narrowing of the cross-section. Accordingly - as in 3 indicated - on the respective other side a conductor track 122 are attached, the sections of which are subjected to compression during this elastic deformation, ie experience a reduction in resistance.

In 4th is in turn a formation of the conductor tracks accordingly 22nd also in the several waves according to 3 to be provided in such a way that the conductor tracks 22nd is consistently loaded on cross-sectional narrowing.

Thus, in the event of mechanical overload due to multiple fastening points, the conductor tracks can be attached 22nd take place so that the mechanical load when the inner frame is pressed in 4th in the direction of insertion R. in every area of the conductor tracks 22nd , and in particular over the entire length of the connecting element 10 or the circuit board 20th , contributes to the measurement signal.

Basically, both fasteners should 10 on each of the pages i.e. in 2 top and bottom, approximately the same insertion force F. or elastic deformation, so that the measurement signals can be compared with one another or checked for plausibility. The same or symmetrical design also prevents torsion, which could lead to material damage and fatigue.

The measuring device 30th or their voltage detector 33 thus generates a measurement signal S1 the electrical resistance or the bridge voltage of the half or full bridge resistors and is equipped with an evaluation device 40 or control and evaluation device 40 connected that the measurement signal S1 picks up and evaluates, ie in particular compares the measured electrical resistance with a comparison value and decides from this whether a proper insertion process has taken place.

• Die Leiterbahnen 20 können z.B. als Kupferbahnen ausgebildet sein, z.B. als aufgeklebte Kupferfolie, oder auch lithographisch strukturiert bzw. geätzt werden. Sie stellen somit Leiterbahnen- Widerstandselemente R1 bis R8 dar, die bei Durchbiegen der Leiterplatte 20 Länge und Querschnitt und somit auch ihren elektrischen Widerstand ändern.

Metrological training is exemplified in 6th shown:

• The conductor tracks 20th can, for example, be designed as copper tracks, for example as glued-on copper foil, or they can also be structured or etched lithographically. They thus represent conductor track resistance elements R1 to R8 represent that when the circuit board flexes 20th Change length and cross-section and thus also their electrical resistance.

Thus, the electrical measuring device 30th z .B. formed as a measuring bridge 31 from the conductor track resistance elements or conductor tracks 22nd on the two sides 20a, 20b of the circuit board 20th according to 3 , ie there with, for example, a conductor track 22nd on top 20a and bottom 20b, to form the resistance elements R1-R4 , and in each case opposite a conductor track 122 on the lower side 20b and upper side 20a for forming the resistance elements R5-R8 . The supply voltage US can eg be US = 1.8V and from a voltage source 34 to provide. The measurement voltage AROUND is e.g. from a voltage detector 33 measured, for example, a measuring amplifier can be provided, for example between the resistance elements R2 and R3 and accordingly between R6 and R7 ie in something in the middle of the circuit board 20th .

A control device 40 takes the measurement signal S1 , which is the corresponding change in resistance of the conductor track resistance elements 22nd represents, and compares this with comparison values, ie in particular threshold values of the resistance values, in order to detect whether a proper deflection and thus a proper insertion process has taken place. At a load of z. B. F = 10kg the circuit board bends 20th z. B. with deflection changes Δz of 10 to 20 micrometers (µm). It can e.g. B. a supply voltage US or a bridge voltage of 1.8 volts can be applied, with a resistance of 14 ohms, so that a corresponding analog measurement signal is formed here and as a measurement bridge over a half bridge 31 can be included.

Advantageously, it is in the middle of the circuit board 20th a measuring amplifier 35 provided in order to amplify the measurement signal, which is still weak as such.

The recording of the measurement signal S1 and the evaluation is advantageously carried out by the control device 40 outside the circuit board 20th so that it is not stressed by mechanical loads. The control device 40 thus takes the measurement signal S1 des on the PCB 20th provided voltage detector 33 up, evaluates this and outputs an evaluation signal B1.

In principle, not only an insertion process, but also an unplugging process or an extraction process can be recorded and evaluated.

• Start in Schritt StO, der auch das Bereitstellen des Prüfmoduls 1 mit seinen Elementen bzw. Merkmalen erfasst,
• Zwischenschritt ZSt1: Einstecken des Steckers 7 ohne Steckerkontakte 8 in die Steckeraufnahme 6 mit Kontaktaufnahmen 9 in Einsteckrichtung R derartig, dass ein Kraft- oder Formschluss des Steckers 7 in der Steckeraufnahme 6 unter Ausübung einer Einsteckkraft F oder Einpresskraft eingebracht wird, wobei die Steckeraufnahme 6 in dem inneren Rahmen 4 des Gerätes 1 vorgesehen ist,
• Zwischenschritt ZSt2, der sich hieraus ergibt: Verstellen des inneren Rahmens 4 gegenüber einem äußeren Rahmen 2 des Gerätes 1 durch die Einsteckkraft F oder Einpresskraft, wobei mindestens ein zwischen dem inneren Rahmen 4 und dem äußeren Rahmen 2 vorgesehenes Verbindungselement 10, vorzugsweise zwei Verbindungselemente 10, das in ersten Befestigungspunkten P1, P2; P5, P6 am äußeren Rahmen 2 und in zweiten Befestigungspunkten P3, P4 am inneren Rahmen 4 befestigt ist, elastisch durch die Relativverstellung des inneren Rahmens 4 gegenüber dem äußeren Rahmen 2 durchgebogen wird, wobei das mindestens eine Verbindungselement 10 eine Leiterplatte 20 und auf der Leiterplatte 20 vorgesehene Mess-Widerstände R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 aufweist, die bei dem Biegevorgang ihre Widerstandswerte ändern,
• Zwischenschritt ZSt3: Messen der Widerstandswerte der Mess-Widerstände R1 - R8 als Messsignal S1,
• Zwischenschritt ZSt4: Bewerten des Messsignals S1 und Ausgabe eines Bewertungssignals B1 zur Anzeige, ob der Einsteckvorgang ordnungsgemäß ist.

The method according to the invention for detecting and evaluating an insertion process of a plug 7th into the plug receptacle 6th is in the flow chart of FIG 7th shown, with the steps:

• Start in step StO, which also provides the test module 1 recorded with its elements or characteristics,
• Intermediate step ZSt1: inserting the plug 7th without plug contacts 8th into the plug receptacle 6th with contacts 9 in the direction of insertion R. such that a force fit or form fit of the plug 7th in the connector socket 6th while exercising an insertion force F. or press-in force is introduced, the connector receptacle 6th in the inner frame 4th of the device 1 is provided,
• Intermediate step ZSt2, which results from this: Adjustment of the inner frame 4th versus an outer frame 2 of the device 1 by the insertion force F. or press-fit force, with at least one between the inner frame 4th and the outer frame 2 intended connecting element 10 , preferably two fasteners 10 , which in first attachment points P1, P2; P5, P6 on the outer frame 2 and in second fastening points P3, P4 on the inner frame 4th is attached, elastic by the relative adjustment of the inner frame 4th opposite the outer frame 2 is bent, the at least one connecting element 10 a circuit board 20th and on the circuit board 20th provided measuring resistors R1 , R2 , R3 , R4 , R5 , R6 , R7 , R8 which change their resistance values during the bending process,
• Intermediate step ZSt3: measuring the resistance values of the measuring resistors R1 - R8 as a measurement signal S1 ,
• Intermediate step ZSt4: Evaluation of the measurement signal S1 and output of an evaluation signal B1 to indicate whether the insertion process is correct.

These intermediate steps can be carried out independently in advance or subsequently.

Step St1:

Inserting the plug 7th with plug contacts 8th that particular connector pins 8th can be in the connector receptacle 6th with contacts 9 in the direction of insertion R. such that the plug contacts 8th of the plug 7th in the contacts 9 , ie in particular pin receptacles of the plug receptacles 6th mechanically and signal-wise recorded and a frictional connection of the plug 7th in the connector socket 6th while exercising an insertion force F. or press-in force is applied,
being the connector receptacle 6th in the inner frame 4th of the device 1 is provided,

Step St2:

Pull on the inserted plug contact 8th , while exerting a pulling force -F that go against the insertion force F. acts opposite the connector receptacle 6th .

Step St3, which results from this:

Adjusting the inner frame 4th versus an outer frame 2 of the device 1 by the insertion force F. and / or the pulling force -F , with at least one between the inner frame 4th and the outer frame 2 intended connecting element 10 , preferably two fasteners 10 , which in first attachment points P1, P2; P5, P6 on the outer frame 2 and in second fastening points P3, P4 on the inner frame 4th is attached, elastic by the relative adjustment of the inner frame 4th opposite the outer frame 2 is bent, the at least one connecting element 10 a circuit board 20th and on the circuit board 20th provided measuring resistors R1 , R2 , R3 , R4 , R5 , R6 , R7 , R8 which change their resistance values during the bending process,

Step St4:

Measure the resistance values of the measuring resistors R1 - R8 as a measurement signal S1 ,

Step St5:

Evaluation of the measurement signal S1 and output of an evaluation signal B1 to indicate whether the insertion process and / or the pulling process is or are correct.

List of reference symbols

1

electric device

2

outer frame

2-1

Screw mount

2-2

Screw mounts

2-5, 2-6

Screw mounts in the outer frame 2

3

Recesses in the outer frame to accommodate the inner frame

4th

inner frame

R.

Insertion direction, R = -x

6th

Connector receptacle

7th

plug

8th

Connector pins

9

Pin receptacles for receiving the connector pins 8th , in the connector socket 6th

10

Fasteners

10-1, 10-2

inner screw holes, inner mounting points

10-3, 10-4

outer screw holes, outer attachment points

10-5, 10-6

Screw holes in the fastener 10

12

Projections of the inner frame 4th

12-3, 12-4

Screw mounts

14th

Free spaces in the outer framework 2 , to accommodate the protrusions 12

16

Screws, for screwing into screw receptacles 2-1 , 2-2 , 12-3 , 12-4

20th

Circuit board, circuit board, pcb board

22nd

Conductor tracks, e.g. B. copper tracks

30th

Measuring device

31

Measuring bridge

33

Voltage detector

34

Voltage source

35

Measuring amplifier

40

Control device

41

Measuring circuit

S1

Measurement signal

x, y, z

Coordinate system, with x vertical direction, x = - R,

y

Transverse direction,

z

Longitudinal direction, direction of extension of the circuit boards 20th , further connection direction of the fastening points or screw holes 10-1 , 10-2 , 10-3 , 10-4 , 10-5 , 10-6 .

F.

Insertion force

-F

traction

L22

Length of the conductor tracks

L20

PCB length, L22> L20

R1, R2, R3, R4

Resistance ranges of the conductor tracks 22nd

R5, R6, R7, R8

Resistance areas of a conductor track 122 on the rear side 20b

US

Supply voltage, e.g. B. US = 1.8 volts

AROUND

Measurement voltage tap, measurement voltage

Claims (22)

Electrical device (1), which has: - an outer frame (2), - an inner frame (4) which can be adjusted relative to the outer frame (2) in one or against an insertion direction (R) relative to the outer frame (2) is, wherein a plug receptacle (6) for receiving a plug (7) is provided on the inner frame (4), the plug receptacle (6) contact receptacles, in particular pin receptacles (9) for mechanically receiving and contacting plug contacts (8), e.g. . B. has plug pins (8), - at least one connecting element (10), which in first fastening points (P1, P2; P5, P6) on the outer frame (2) and in second fastening points (P3, P4) on the inner frame (4) is attached and is elastically adjustable with a mechanical adjustment of the inner frame (4) relative to the outer frame (2) in or against the insertion direction (R), wherein the Connecting element (10) has an elastic printed circuit board (20) and resistance elements (22; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8), the electrical resistance values of which can be changed during the elastic adjustment of the connecting element (10), - a Measuring device (30) for measuring the electrical resistance of the resistance elements (22; R1-R8) and outputting a measurement signal (S1), and - a control and evaluation device (40) for recording the measurement signal (S1) and comparing or evaluating the measurement signal ( S1) and output of an evaluation signal (B1) to indicate a proper insertion or pulling process. Electrical device (1) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the first fastening points (P1, P2; P5, P6) and the second fastening points (P3, P4) are spaced apart in a longitudinal direction (Z) which is not parallel to the insertion direction (R), in particular orthogonal, and the circuit board ( 20) of the connecting element (10) is elastically bendable in the direction of or against the insertion direction (R, x), in particular with several undulating bends between the fastening points (P1-P6). Device (1), according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the first and second fastening points (P1-P6) alternate or alternate in the longitudinal direction (Z), e.g. B. with two inner attachment points (P1, P2) as first attachment points, and in the longitudinal direction (z) outside of the inner attachment points (P1, P2) lying outer attachment points (P3, P4) on the other frame, z. B. as a second attachment points on the inner frame (4). Device (1) Claim 3 , characterized in that additional fastening points (P5, P6) outside the outer fastening points (P3, P4) and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction (Z) are provided for fastening to the same frame as the inner fastening points (P1, P2), for Formation of an alternating or alternating sequence of attachment points between the two frames (2, 4) to form a wave-shaped deflection of the connecting element (10) with several wave troughs and wave crests. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the inner frame (4) and the outer frame (2) two connecting elements (10), in particular in a transverse direction orthogonal to the insertion direction (R) and the longitudinal direction (Z) ( Y) spaced, are provided, in particular with the arrangement of the inner frame (4) in the transverse direction (y) between the connecting elements (10), for mechanical fastening and uniform elastic deformation of the connecting elements (10) when the inner frame (4) is loaded in the Insertion direction (R) or against the insertion direction (-R). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a recess (3) is formed in the outer frame (2) and the inner frame (2) is guided in the recess (3) in the insertion direction (R), preferably without friction, for example with a gap between the frames (2, 4). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner frame (4) is connected to the outer frame (2) via the at least one connecting element (10) without free play in the insertion direction (R). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug (7) with application of the insertion force (F) frictionally, z. B. by means of spring tongues, can be received in the plug receptacle (6) and the plug (7) can be at least partially withdrawn from the plug receptacle (6) by applying a tensile force (-F) opposing the insertion force (F). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug receptacle (6) has electrical contact receptacles (9), in particular pin receptacles (9) for electrical plug contacts (8) of the plug (7). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening points (P1 - P6) are each formed by - a screw hole (10-1 ... 10-6) in the connecting element (10), in particular the circuit board ( 20) of the connecting element (10), - a screw receptacle (2-1, 2-2; 2-5, 2-6) in the outer frame (2) to form a first fastening point or a screw receptacle (12-3, 12- 4) in the inner frame (4) to form a second fastening point, fastening means, in particular screws (16), being set through the screw holes (10-i) and screw receptacles (2-i, 12-i). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second fastening points (P1-P6) are formed in a line along the longitudinal direction (Z), in particular alternating or alternating. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resistance elements (R1-R8) on the top (20a) and / or the back (20b) of the circuit board (20) are formed by conductor tracks (22), in particular glued on or lithographically applied or etched conductor tracks (22), the cross-section (q22) and length (L22) of which can be changed during the mechanical deformation of the circuit board (20). Device (1) Claim 12 , characterized in that the conductor tracks (22) extend in the longitudinal direction (Z) of the circuit board (20). Device (1) Claim 12 or 13 , characterized in that the conductor tracks (22) in the longitudinal direction (Z) form alternating or alternating conductor track sections as resistance elements (R1, R2, R3, R4) which are attached alternately or alternately to the top (20a) and bottom (20b) and by contacting, in particular through-hole plating (23) through the printed circuit board (20), are connected in series with one another to form a series connection of the resistance elements (R1, R2, R3, R4; R5, R6, R7, R8) in such a way that when the bending load a plugging process (plugging process or pulling process), the resistance elements are evenly stressed either by stretching tension or compression, to increase or decrease the measuring resistance of the series connection. Device (1) Claim 14 , characterized in that a measuring bridge (41, 31) is formed as a measuring circuit through the resistance elements (R1, R2, R3, R4; R5, R6, R7, R8) of at least one conductor track (22), preferably of conductor tracks (22 , 122) on both sides of the circuit board (20) with an alternating series connection, a voltage detector (33) being provided for tapping a measurement voltage (UM), for example between the series connections. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conductor tracks (22, 122) on the top (20a) or underside (20b) of the circuit board (20) are non-straight, e.g. B. meander-like, to increase a length (L22) of the conductor tracks (22) compared to a printed circuit board length. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plugging process is both a plugging process with the plug (7) being inserted into the plug receptacle (6) and a pulling process and the pulling force (-F) can be detected and measured. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it can be electrically supplied with power via the plug (7) and the plug receptacle (6). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a test module (1) for measuring a cable (11), in particular the cable (11) connected to the plug (7) to be received. Test device (100) for testing a cable harness which has a plurality of cables (11) plugs (7), the test device (100) having: a central control device (40) and a plurality of test modules (1) Claim 19 , for receiving one connector (7) each, the central control device being provided for receiving the measurement signals (S1) or the evaluation signals (B1) determined from the measurement signals (S1). Method for detecting and evaluating a plug-in process, in particular a plug-in process and / or pull-out process, of a plug (7) in a plug receptacle (6) of an electrical device (1), with at least the following steps: Insertion of a plug (7) with plug contacts (8) into a plug receptacle (6) with contact receptacles (9) in an insertion direction (R) such that the plug contacts (8) of the plug (7) into the contact receptacles (9) of the plug receptacles ( 6) are recorded mechanically and in terms of signaling and a force fit or form fit of the plug (7) is introduced into the plug receptacle (6) while exerting an insertion force (F), wherein the plug receptacle (6) is provided (St1) in an inner frame (4) of the device (1), and / or Pulling on a plug (7) with inserted plug contact (8) while exerting a tensile force (-F) opposite to the insertion force (F) with respect to the plug receptacle (6) (St2); Adjustment of the inner frame (4) in relation to an outer frame (2) of the device (1) by the insertion force (F) in the insertion direction (R) and / or by the tensile force (-F) against the insertion direction (-R), at least one connecting element (10) provided between the inner frame (4) and the outer frame (2), which is located in first fastening points (P1, P2; P5, P6) on the outer frame (2) and in second fastening points (P3, P4 ) is attached to the inner frame (4), is elastically bent by the relative adjustment of the inner frame (4) with respect to the outer frame (2), wherein the at least one connecting element (10) has a printed circuit board (20) and measuring resistors (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8) provided on the printed circuit board, which change their resistance values during the bending process (St3), Measurement of the resistance values of the measuring resistors (R1 - R8) as measuring signal (S1) (St4), Evaluating the measurement signal (S1) and outputting an evaluation signal (B1) to indicate whether the insertion process and / or the pulling process is or are correct (St5). Procedure according to Claim 21 , characterized in that the following intermediate steps are carried out to detect and evaluate a process of inserting a plug (7) into a plug receptacle (6) of an electrical device (1): Plugging a plug (7) without plug contacts (8) into a plug receptacle (6) ) with contact receptacles (9) in an insertion direction (R) such that a force fit or form fit of the plug (7) is introduced into the plug receptacle (6) while exerting an insertion force (F), the plug receptacle (6) in an inner Frame (4) of the device (1) is provided (ZSt1); Adjustment of the inner frame (4) relative to an outer frame (2) of the device (1) by the insertion force (F) in the insertion direction (R), at least one between the inner frame (4) and the outer frame (2) being provided Connecting element (10), which is fastened in first fastening points (P1, P2; P5, P6) on the outer frame (2) and in second fastening points (P3, P4) on the inner frame (4), elastically by the relative adjustment of the inner frame ( 4) is bent relative to the outer frame (2), the at least one connecting element (10) being a circuit board (20) and measuring resistors (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7) provided on the circuit board (20) , R8), which change their resistance values during the bending process (ZSt2), measuring the resistance values of the measuring resistors (R1 - R8) as measuring signal (S1) (ZSt3), evaluating the measuring signal (S1) and outputting an evaluation signal (B1) to indicate whether the insertion process is correct (ZSt4).

Images