DE102019122961A1 - Passive trigger mechanisms for use with switching devices that contain pyrotechnic features - Google Patents

Abstract

Passive trigger mechanisms for activating pyrotechnic features in electrical switching devices, such as contactor devices and fuse devices, are disclosed therein. The activation of the pyrotechnic features serves to change the configuration of the internal components of the switching device and to prevent current flow through the device. In some embodiments, the trigger mechanisms include features that respond to a magnetic field, such as a reed switch. In some embodiments, the reed switch responds to increased current flow and can then use the increased current flow signal to activate the pyrotechnic feature. In other embodiments, the reed switch uses a current signal from a secondary power source to activate the pyrotechnic feature.

Description

This application is a "continuation-in-part" of US patent application serial number 16 / 114,802 by Daniel Sullivan et al. a., entitled "Passive Triggering Mechanisms for Use with Switching Devices Incorporating Pyrotechnic Features", filed on August 27, 2018, and claims priority.

BACKGROUND

Field of the Invention

This describes devices associated with trip mechanisms and configurations for use with electrical switching devices, such as contactors and electrical fuses.

Description of the prior art

The closing and disconnecting of electrical circuits is as old as electrical circuits themselves and is often used as a method to put a connected electrical device in the “on” and “off” state. An example of devices that are commonly used to close or disconnect circuits is a contactor that is electrically connected to one or more devices or power sources. A contactor is configured to open or close a circuit to supply or continue electrical power to a device. One type of conventional contactor is a hermetically sealed contactor.

In addition to contactors that serve the purpose of closing or disconnecting electrical circuits during normal operation of a device, various additional devices can be used to provide overcurrent protection. These devices can prevent short circuits, overload, and permanent damage to an electrical system or a connected electrical device. Such devices include disconnect devices that can quickly and permanently break the circuit so that the circuit remains broken until the disconnect device is repaired, replaced, or reset. One such type of disconnect device is a fuse. A conventional fuse is a low resistance device that serves as a "sacrificial device". Typical fuses include a metal wire or strip that melts when too much current flows through it, thereby breaking the circuit closed by the fuse.

In the course of technological progress, various innovations in electrical systems and electronic devices are becoming increasingly widespread. An example of such innovations are recent advances in electric automobiles that will one day become an energy-efficient standard and can replace conventional fuel-powered vehicles. With such expensive and routinely used electrical devices, overcurrent protection is particularly important to prevent device malfunctions and permanent damage to the devices. Overcurrent protection can also counteract safety risks, such as electrical fires. These modern improvements in electrical systems and devices require modern solutions to increase the practicality and efficiency of mechanisms for triggering safety devices.

SUMMARY

This patent application describes passive triggering features and configurations for activating pyrotechnic features that act as a safety mechanism in switching devices, such as a contactor or a fuse. Such passive trip configurations can be configured to trip in response to the threshold of a magnetic field strength that corresponds to a threshold of current flowing through the device that corresponds to a dangerous overcurrent. The current threshold required to trigger these passive trigger configurations may be related to the distance between a passive trigger mechanism, such as a reed switch, and a portion of the device, such as a current clamp or a feature associated with a current clamp ,

An embodiment of an electrical switching device according to the present invention comprises a housing with internal components that are configured to switch the switching device from a closed state in which current flow through the switching device is enabled to an open state in which the current flow through the switching device is interrupted. A pyrotechnic feature is included that is configured to cooperate with the internal components to switch the switching device from the closed state to the open state when the pyrotechnic features are activated. Also included is a passive rocker switch structure configured to activate the pyrotechnic features when the passive rocker switch structure is configured to trip in response to an amplified current signal generated by the switching device flows. The passive rocker switch is also arranged to use the increased current signal to activate the pyrotechnic feature.

One embodiment of an electrical system according to the present invention includes an operating circuit that includes an operating power source that is coupled to a workload via a current path, with a contactor between the power source and the load. A pyrotechnic activation circuit is included which includes a trigger which serves to detect increased current flow in the operating circuit, the activation circuit further comprising a pyrotechnic trigger element and the trigger activating the pyrotechnic trigger element in order to actuate the contactor in such a way that it activates the current path interrupts in the operating circuit.

An embodiment of a pyrotechnic activation circuit according to the present invention comprises a trigger which is designed to detect the magnetic field from an increased current flow in a circuit. A pyrotechnic trigger element is included, the trigger activating the pyrotechnic trigger element in response to the increased current level to interrupt the circuit with the increased current flow, the trigger using the increased current flow to activate the pyrotechnic trigger element.

These and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description in combination with the accompanying drawings, in which like numbers indicate corresponding components in the figures and in which:

list of figures

• 1 Figure 4 is a sectional front view of an embodiment of a contactor capable of incorporating features of the present invention, shown in the "closed" configuration that allows current to flow through the device;
• 2 a front sectional view of the embodiment of the protective device in 1 is shown in an "open" or "separate" arrangement that prevents current flow through the device;
• 3 a front sectional view of the embodiment of the protective device in 1 is shown in a different arrangement in which the separating elements have been “triggered”;
• 4 Figure 4 is a front sectional view of a fuse device capable of incorporating features of the present invention, shown in the "undeployed" idle state;
• 5 FIG. 4 is a sectional front view of a fuse device capable of incorporating features of the present invention, shown in the activated "triggered"state;
• 6 Figure 3 is a front perspective view of a pyrotechnic trigger configuration incorporating features of the present invention;
• 7 a rear view from above of the pyrotechnic trigger configuration in 6 is;
• 8th Figure 3 is a front perspective view from above of another pyrotechnic trigger configuration incorporating features of the present invention;
• 9 a rear view from above of the pyrotechnic trigger configuration in 8th is;
• 10 Figure 3 is a top perspective view of another pyrotechnic trigger configuration incorporating features of the present invention;
• 11 a front sectional view of a portion of the pyrotechnic trigger configuration in 10 is;
• 12 Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a pyrotechnic power circuit in accordance with the present invention; and
• 13 is a schematic representation of another embodiment of a pyrotechnic power circuit according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various embodiments are now described in detail in the present disclosure. These embodiments include passive switching devices and configurations for use with switching devices, such as contactors or fuses, that include pyrotechnic disconnect features. These switching devices can be electrically connected to an electrical device or an electrical system in order to switch the current flow to the connected device or the connected system “on” or “off”. Although the exemplary devices disclosed herein may utilize active trip configurations in addition to or instead of the disclosed passive features, the passive features have the advantage of automatically breaking a pyrotechnic circuit in response to a threshold current value.

In some embodiments, a printed circuit board (PCB) or an external trigger mechanism is configured to send a signal to pyrotechnic pins that communicate with a pyrotechnic charge. Power for this signal to trigger the pyrotechnic features of the switching device can be provided by a separate power source (that is, a power source other than that of the device or electrical system to which the switching device is connected). Alternatively, current for the signal can be provided or branched off from the current source of the device or of the electrical system to which the switching device is connected. The pyrotechnic charge is configured to serve as a fuse, thus permanently breaking the circuit through the contactor or the fuse device, for example by moving movable contacts out of connection with fixed contacts.

The circuit board or external trigger mechanism includes a passive rocker switch, such as a reed switch, which is open in its idle state, preventing the trigger signal from being sent to the pyrotechnic pins, thereby allowing current to flow through the device. The passive rocker switch can be configured to trip in response to a magnetic field of sufficient magnitude that can be calculated to correspond to a desired threshold current value through the device, such as a dangerous overcurrent. Because the magnetic field strength required to trigger the passive rocker switch depends on the proximity of the passive rocker switch to the source of the magnetic field, the passive rocker switch can be configured as a "proximity switch". This allows the usual trip current to be determined based on the distance between the passive rocker switch and a portion of the device, such as the current clamps.

Other features may be included in other embodiments. For example, an iron core structure can be positioned to at least partially surround one of the current terminals of the switching device, and the trip current can be determined by the distance between the core structure and the passive rocker switch. In some embodiments, external trigger mechanisms may be used that include a conductive bus section and a passive rocker switch that is spaced from the conductive bus section by a non-magnetic spacer section. In these embodiments, the trip current may be determined by the thickness of the non-magnetic spacer.

Throughout this description, the preferred embodiment and the illustrated examples are not to be regarded as limitations of the present invention but as examples. As used herein, the terms “invention”, “device”, “present invention” or “present device” refer to any of the embodiments of the invention described herein and all equivalents. In addition, reference to various features of the “invention”, “device”, “present invention” or “present device” throughout this document does not imply that all claimed embodiments or methods referenced Include feature (s).

It is also understood that if an element or feature is referred to as being “on” or “next to” another element or feature, it may be directly on or next to the other element or feature, or intermediate elements or features may also be present can. It is also understood that when an element is referred to as being “attached” to, “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it may be directly attached to, connected to or coupled to the other element, or intermediate elements as well can be present. If, on the other hand, an element is described as “directly connected” or “directly coupled” or “directly attached to it”, there are no elements in between.

Relative terms, such as "outer", "over", "lower", "under", "horizontal", "vertical" and similar expressions, can be used herein to describe a relationship of a feature to another feature. It is understood that these terms are intended to encompass various arrangements in addition to the arrangement shown in the figures.

Although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements or components, these elements or components are not intended to be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish an element or component from another element or component. Therefore, a first element or component discussed below could also be referred to as a second element or second component without departing from the teachings of the present invention.

The terminology used herein is used only to describe certain embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. How As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the”, “the”, “that” are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context specifically requires otherwise. It is also understood that the terms "comprises" or "comprising" when used herein indicate the presence of specified features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but not the presence or addition of one or more exclude other characteristics, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

Embodiments of the invention are described herein with reference to various views and representations that are schematic representations and idealized embodiments of the invention. Deviations from the forms of the representations, for example as a result of manufacturing processes and / or tolerances, are therefore to be expected. Embodiments of the invention are not to be understood as being limited to the particular shapes of the regions shown herein, but are intended to include variations in shapes, for example due to manufacturing processes.

It is understood that when a first element is referred to as “between” two or more other elements, “enclosed” or “enclosed between”, the first element can be directly between the two or more other elements or other intervening elements can be between the two or more other elements. For example, if a first element is "between" a second and a third element or is "enclosed", the first element can be directly between the second and the third element, without any intervening elements, or the first element can be on or border more additional elements, the first element and these additional elements all being between the second and third elements.

Prior to the detailed description of specific pyrotechnic trigger configurations that incorporate features of the present invention, exemplary switching devices that include pyrotechnic features and provide exemplary environments for passive trigger configurations according to the present disclosure are described. These switching devices can include any switching devices that contain pyrotechnic features, for example contactors, that are configured to enable switching of a device between an “on” and an “off” state.

In some protective devices, the pyrotechnic features serve as a security element that is integrated in the protective device. Examples of such protective devices are listed in US application number 16 / 101,143 and entitled "Contactor Device Integrating Pyrotechnic Disconnect Features", issued to Gigavac, Inc., the legal successor of the present application; which is incorporated by reference into the present application. In addition to contactors that are configured to freely switch between the “on” and “off” states, pyrotechnic trigger configurations according to the present disclosure can also be used with “victim” safety devices that are configured to current flow to enable by an electrical system or an electrical device when they are not triggered, and to prevent the current flow through the electrical system or the electrical device in the triggered state. Examples of such safety devices are set out in the U.S. application number 15 / 889,516 entitled "MECHANICAL FUSE DEVICE", issued to Gigavac, Inc., the legal successor of the present application; which is incorporated by reference into the present application.

Referring to an exemplary contactor device that includes pyrotechnic features: 1 shows a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a protective device 100 , which includes an integrated pyrotechnic separation component, which can serve as a “victim” separation device in the event of overcurrent. 1 shows the protective device 100 in a "closed" circuit position in which current can flow through the contactor. 1 further shows the pyrotechnic separation section of the contactor device 100 in its untripped or "preset" mechanical arrangement in which the contactor can operate normally to switch between its "closed" and "open" positions. The separation section of the protective device 100 also has a "triggered" arrangement in which the circuit is broken and the flow of current through the contactor device is permanently disabled until the device is replaced or repaired and reset. Both the "closed" and "open" contactor modes as well as the "preset" and "triggered" disconnection modes are described in more detail below.

The protection device 100 in 1 includes a body 102 (also as housing 102 designated) and two or more fixed contact structures 104 . 106 (two shown) configured to electrically connect the internal components of the contactor device to external circuitry, for example an electrical system or device. The body 102 can do any Suitable material include the structure and function of the protection device 100 as disclosed herein, with a preferred material being a robust material that of the protector 100 can give structural strength without the current flowing through the fixed contacts 104 . 106 and hinder the internal components of the device. In some embodiments, the body includes 102 a durable plastic or polymer. The body 102 at least partially surrounds the various internal components of the protective device 100 , which are described in more detail below.

The body 102 may include any shape suitable for incorporating the various internal components, including any regular or irregular polygon. The body 102 can be a continuous structure, or it can comprise several component parts which are connected to one another, for example a base body, “cup”, and an upper, “head” section which is sealed with an epoxy material. Some exemplary body configurations include configurations listed in U.S. Patent Nos. 7,321,281, 7,944,333, 8,446,240, and 9,013,254, all of which are assigned to Gigavac, Inc., the assignee of the present application, and all of which are incorporated herein by reference are included in their entirety.

The firm contacts 104 . 106 are designed so that the various internal components of the contactor 100 that in the body 102 are housed, can communicate electrically with an external electrical system or an external electrical device, so that the protective device 100 can serve as a switch to break or close an electrical circuit as described herein. The firm contacts 104 . 106 may comprise any suitable conductive material to make electrical contact with the internal components of the protection device, for example various metals and metallic materials or any electrical contact material or structure known in the art. The firm contacts 104 . 106 may include single continuous contact structures (as shown), or may include multiple electrically connected structures. For example, in some embodiments, the fixed contacts 104 . 106 include two sections, a first section that extends from the body 102 extends and electrically with a second section within the body 102 connected, which is configured to interact with other components within the body, as described herein.

The body 102 can be designed so that the interior of the body 102 of the various internal components of the contactor 100 contains, is hermetically sealed. Together with the use of electronegative gas, this hermetic sealed configuration can help mitigate or prevent electrical arcing between adjacent conductive elements and, in some embodiments, help provide electrical isolation between spatially separated contacts. In some embodiments, the body can 102 be under vacuum conditions. The body 102 can be hermetically sealed using any known means of making hermetically sealed electrical devices. Some examples of hermetically sealed devices are illustrated in U.S. Patent Nos. 7,321,281, 7,944,333, 8,446,240 and 9,013,254, all of which are assigned to Gigavac, Inc., the assignee of the present application, and all of which are incorporated by reference herein Registration are included.

In some embodiments, the body can 102 at least partially filled with an electronegative gas, for example sulfur hexafluoride or a mixture of nitrogen and sulfur hexafluoride. In some embodiments, the body comprises 102 a material that has little or virtually no permeability to a gas injected into the housing. In some embodiments, the body may include various gases, liquids, or solids that are suitable to improve the performance of the device.

Before describing the pyrotechnic isolation components of the contactor 100 Contactor components that are used for overcurrent protection are described during normal switching use of the contactor 100 be used. If not with any of the other components within the body 102 working together are the firm contacts 104 . 106 otherwise electrically isolated from each other so that current cannot flow freely between them. The firm contacts 104 . 106 can be electrically isolated from each other by any known structure or method of electrical insulation.

If the protection device 100 is in its "closed" position, as in 1 shown, touch both otherwise electrically insulated fixed contacts 104 . 106 a moving contact 108 , The moving contact 108 serves as a bridge that allows an electrical signal to flow through the device, for example from the first fixed contact 104 for moving contact 108 , second contact 106 or the other way around. So the protection device 100 be connected to an electrical circuit or system or device and close a circuit while the movable contact is in electrical connection with the fixed contacts.

The moving contact 108 may include any suitable conductive material, including all herein with respect to the fixed contacts 104 . 106 treated materials. Like the permanent contacts 104 . 106 also, the moving contact can 108 comprise a single continuous structure (as shown) or it can comprise several component parts which are electrically connected to one another in such a way that they act as a contact bridge between the otherwise electrically insulated fixed contacts 104 . 106 serve so that current through the contactor 100 can flow.

The moving contact 108 can be designed so that it has an electrical connection with the fixed contacts 104 . 106 can produce and separate again. As a result, the circuit is "closed" or terminated when the movable contact is in electrical connection with the fixed contacts 104 . 106 stands, and "open" or interrupted when the moving contact 108 not in electrical connection with the fixed contacts 104 . 106 stands. The firm contacts 104 . 106 are otherwise electrically isolated from each other when they make the moving contact 108 do not touch. In some embodiments, including that in 1 embodiment shown, is the movable contact 108 physically with a shaft structure 110 connected, which is designed to fit within the protective device 100 to move over a predefined path. The shaft 110 may include any material or shape suitable for its function as an internal moveable component that is physically associated with the moveable contact 108 is connected so that the moving contact 108 together with the shaft 110 can move.

The movement of the shaft 110 controls the movement of the moving contact 108 which in turn is the position of the movable contact 108 in relation to the fixed contacts 104 . 106 controls which in turn controls the flow of current through the contactor 100 controls as described herein. The movement of the shaft can be controlled by various configurations including, but not limited to, electrical and electronic, magnet and solenoid configurations, and manual configurations. Exemplary manual configurations for controlling a shaft connected to a moveable contact are discussed in US Pat U.S. Patent Number 9,013,254 , by Gigavac, Inc., the legal successor of the present application, which is incorporated in its entirety by reference in the present application. Some of these exemplary configurations of manual control features include magnet configurations, membrane configurations, and bellows configurations.

In the in 1 Embodiment shown is the movement of the shaft 110 controlled by using a solenoid configuration. A piston structure 111 is with part of the shaft 110 connected or at least partially surrounds it. The body 102 also contains a solenoid 112 , Many different solenoids can be used, an example of a suitable solenoid is a solenoid that operates at low voltage and with relatively high force. An example of a suitable solenoid is the commercially available model number solenoid SD1564 N1200 from Bicron Inc., although many other solenoids can be used. In the embodiment shown, the piston structure 111 comprise a metal material that is from the solenoid 112 can be moved and controlled. The movement of the piston structure 111 controls the movement of the associated shaft 110 which in turn is the movement of the connected movable contact 108 controls.

The stroke of the shaft 110 can be controlled with different devices, for example with springs to control the stroke / overstroke or with different parts of the body 102 that the stroke of the shaft 110 can block or restrict. In the in 1 Shown embodiment is the stroke of the shaft 110 partly by a hard stroke 113 controlled, which is adapted to a winged portion 114 of the shaft 110 toast to the path of the shaft 110 limit when the stem 110 a sufficient distance from the fixed contacts 104 . 106 has moved on. The hard stop 113 may comprise any material or shape that is suitable to provide a surface to mate with the stem 110 interact and so the movement or the stroke of the shaft 110 to limit. In the in 1 Embodiment shown includes the hard stop 113 a plastic material. In some embodiments, the hard stop is 113 formed to break or shear when the pyrotechnic separators are triggered, as discussed in more detail below.

Now that the basic switching devices of the contactor device 110 have been explained, the pyrotechnic separation elements are described. The protection device 100 can include multiple elements that can serve as overcurrent protection, including a pyrotechnic charge 202 and a piston structure 204 , The piston structure 204 can be close to one or more of the internal Components, for example the shaft 110 as shown, or at least partially positioned around it. Movement of the plunger from a rest position can change the configuration of the internal components so that the flow of current through the device is interrupted, for example by pushing against the stem 100 or otherwise move the shaft 100 as described herein. The pyrotechnic charge 202 can be configured to activate when the current exceeds a predefined threshold to prevent permanent damage to a connected electrical device or a safety risk, such as an electrical fire.

The protection device 100 may include various sensor devices that can sense when the current flow through the device has reached a dangerous level and can then trigger the pyrotechnic charge when this threshold is measured. In some embodiments, the protection device 100 include a dedicated current sensor configured to sense the amount of current flowing through the device. The current sensor can be designed to trigger the pyrotechnic charge directly or indirectly when the current has reached a threshold value. In some embodiments, the current sensors may send a signal that is proportional to the sensed current flow to activate the pyrotechnic charge when a threshold current value has been measured. In some embodiments, the current sensors may include a Hall effect sensor, a transformer or a clamp meter, a resistor, an optical fiber current sensor, or an interferometer.

In some embodiments, the pyrotechnic charge is 202 configured to be activated by an electrical pulse and is driven by an air bag system designed to detect several factors, similar to that used in modern vehicles. In some embodiments, the protection device 100 one or more pyrotechnic pens 203 include, which can be designed to the pyrotechnic charge 202 trigger when the pyrotechnic pins 203 received an activation signal. In some embodiments, the pyrotechnic charge may be connected to another device that is already monitoring the flowing current. This other feature, for example a battery control component, can then be configured to send a signal to activate the pyrotechnic charge when a threshold current value is detected.

The pyrotechnic charge 202 can be a simple charging structure or a multiple charging structure. In some embodiments, the pyrotechnic charge comprises 202 a double charging structure with a first priming charge and a secondary gas generator charge. Many different types of pyrotechnic charges can be used, provided that the pyrotechnic charge is sufficient to deliver sufficient force to the piston structure 204 to move and the circuit of the contactor 100 permanently interrupt as described herein. In some embodiments, the pyrotechnic charge comprises 202 Zirconium potassium perchlorate, which has the advantage of being suitable both as a primer charge and as a gas generator charge. In some embodiments, the primer comprises a fast burning material such as zirconium potassium perchlorate, zirconium tungsten potassium perchlorate, titanium potassium perchlorate, zirconium hydride potassium perchlorate or titanium hydride potassium perchlorate. In some embodiments, the gas generator charge comprises a slow-burning material, such as boron potassium nitrate or black powder.

If the pyrotechnic charge 202 is activated, the resulting force drives the piston structure 204 from their rest position near or around the pyrotechnic charge 202 around, creating the piston structure 204 against the shaft 110 presses and the shaft from the fixed contacts 104 . 106 drives away. The resulting force is also enough to make the hard stop 113 to break or shear, causing the shaft 110 even further from the fixed contacts 104 . 106 is continued, for example by moving into a separate interior 206 of the body 102 is pushed. The piston structure 204 may include dimensions (e.g., shape, size, spatial orientation, or other configuration) sufficient to accommodate the piston structure 204 can hold the internal components in a position or configuration in which no current can flow through the contactor. This is achieved, for example, by the shaft 110 further away from the fixed contacts 104 . 106 is held in place, for example by the shaft 110 is held so that it is essentially within the separate interior 206 of the body 102 located. This in turn becomes the moving contact 108 with the shaft 110 is connected to an even greater spatial distance from the fixed contacts 104 . 106 disconnected, which places the device in the "triggered" or permanently "open" state, in which no current can flow through the device. In some embodiments, the piston structure includes 204 Dimensions that are sufficient for the piston structure 204 as soon as they activate the pyrotechnic features 202 has been moved to a position in which it can be moved part of the body 102 interacts so that it cannot be moved easily.

In addition to the quickly created large spatial distance between the fixed contacts 104 . 106 and the moving contact 108 other structures can be used. For example, in some embodiments, one or more blow magnets 208 (two shown) can be used to further control electrical arcing. Although the main method of interrupting current flow is to quickly open the contacts to a much larger air gap than described herein, additional performance can also be achieved by a secondary compressed air flow directed at the arc, for example by using a gas generator charge.

In some embodiments, including that in 1 Embodiment shown, may include other optional design features that can prevent risks from the rapid accumulation of gas due to the activation of the pyrotechnic charge 202 caused. In these embodiments, the body 102 be designed so that the piston structure 204 when the pyrotechnic charge is activated 202 the shaft 110 with a force sufficient to move part of the body 102 to pierce. This allows the quickly accumulated gas to escape. In some embodiments, this is accomplished by having part of the body 102 comprises a membrane that can be pierced during the pyrotechnic separation cycle, for example by a sharp part 210 of the shaft 110 , thereby allowing gas to flow from a connected vent section 212 of the body 102 escapes, which can be a high temperature filter membrane. The high temperature gas can then escape from the body 102 escape. Depressurization can cool the electric arc, improve performance, and prevent breakage on the contactor housing.

The differences between the breaking of the circuit by the contactor 100 during normal switching operation and the permanent interruption of the current flow circuit by the contactor 100 if the device is in its "triggered" state, it is better in the 2-3 to see. The 2-3 show the protective device 100 according to 1 but in other orientations. The protection device 100 includes a body 102 , permanent contacts 104 . 106 , a moving contact 108 , a shaft 110 , a piston structure 111 , a solenoid 112 , a hard hit 113 , a winged section 114 of the shaft 110 who have favourited Pyrotechnic Charge 202 , pyrotechnic pens 203 , the piston structure 204 , the separate interior 206 of the body 102 , Blow magnets 208 , the sharp part 210 of the shaft 110 and the vent section 212 of the body 102 ,

The protection device 100 is in 2 shown in their "open" state where the shaft 110 in that it is shown that the associated movable contact is moved 108 from the permanent contacts 104 . 106 through a spatial gap 302 is separated. The protection device 100 as in 2 shown is still in the "preset" position without the pyrotechnic devices being activated. The spatial gap 302 creates a gap between the moving contact 108 and the otherwise electrically insulated fixed contacts 104 . 106 which is sufficient to interrupt the flow of current through the device. On the other hand shows 3 the protection device 100 in their triggered state when the pyrotechnic charge 202 was activated what the piston structure 204 causes the shaft 110 and the moving contact 108 in a direction further from the fixed contacts 104 . 106 continue to press. This quickly creates a larger spatial circuit gap 350 between the fixed contacts 104 . 106 and the moving contact 108 manufactured.

The force resulting from the activation of the pyrotechnic charge 202 results, and the resulting sudden movement of the piston structure 204 and the shaft 110 are enough to the hard stop 113 to break or shear off the in 3 from its original with the body 113 connected position is shown shifted. The hard stop 113 can include a sturdy material that mates with the body 102 connected or integrated into it so that it acts as a stop for the shaft 110 serves during the normal switching of the device between the "closed" and the "open" circuit state. The hard stop 113 can, however, be specifically designed to "fail" during the operation of the pyrotechnic separation devices as a stop structure and to break or shear it off to the shaft 110 to allow in the separate room 206 penetrate the body.

In some embodiments, the piston structure 204 configured to have a piston stop portion 352 of the body 102 cooperate after the pyrotechnic charge 202 was activated. This can be done, for example, by interacting with a position of the piston structure 204 , for example part of the piston stop portion 352 that is configured to mate with another part of the piston structure 204 interact or match.

In some embodiments, the piston structure 204 only then in a position in which it is in contact with the piston stop portion 352 comes after the piston structure 204 by activating the pyrotechnic charge 202 was postponed. This will make the piston structure 204 between the piston stop portion 352 and the moving contact 108 held when the pyrotechnic charge 202 activated and the piston structure 204 was pressed from its rest position. As in 3 shown, this configuration brings the piston structure 204 in a position in which the piston structure 204 against the moving contact 108 is held or locked. The piston structure 204 keeps moving contact 108 in place and contributes to the spatial circuit gap 350 is maintained so that the firm contacts 104 . 106 and the moving contact 108 cannot slide back into contact with each other, causing the protection device 100 would become inoperable.

In some embodiments, the separate room 206 of the body 102 instead of or in addition to the piston stop portion 352 of the body 102 Dimensions including, for example, size and shape include sufficient to allow for the separate space 206 with a section of the shaft 110 can interact due to the activation of the pyrotechnic charge 202 in the separate room 206 has penetrated.

In some embodiments, the separate space may be configured to cope with the sheared hard stop 113 or another with the shaft 110 connected structure that is in the separate room 206 due to activation of the pyrotechnic charge 202 has penetrated to cooperate. These sections of the shaft 110 or related structures were not within the separate room during normal device operation 206 , but will be in the separate room during the overcurrent protection operation during the pyrotechnic cycle 206 pushed. The separate room 206 includes a size, shape, or additional features, for example features that are designed to match corresponding features on the shaft 110 or an associated structure to cooperate or match that is sufficient to support the stem 110 hold in place so the one with the shaft 110 connected movable contact 108 not in connection with the fixed contacts 104 . 106 can slide back.

In addition to the features mentioned above, the protection device 100 in the 1-3 also a circuit board 400 include. As detailed below, the circuit board enables efficient and practical connection of the internal components of the contactor 100 with pyrotechnic trigger configurations incorporating features of the present invention. The circuit board 400 can be designed to accommodate pyrotechnic trigger configurations incorporating features of the present invention. In the in the 1-3 The embodiment shown is the circuit board 400 near the top portion of the protection device 100 shown; however, it is understood that the circuit board 400 itself in or on any section of the protection device 100 located and inside the contactor 100 or outside the contactor 100 can lie.

In addition to protection devices that can operate to restrict or enable current flow through the device during normal operation, fuses are another type of switching device that can serve as an exemplary environment for use with the passive pyrotechnic trigger configurations. Fuses only allow current to flow through the device during normal operation and act as a "victim" circuit breaker when a threshold current value passes through the device. The 4-5 show such an exemplary fuse 430 , which includes similar features and works similarly to the protective device 100 in the 1-3 which, however, does not include some of the features, for example a solenoid or other mechanism for opening and closing the fixed and movable contacts. The fuse is located during normal operation 430 permanently in a "closed" state that allows current to flow through the device until the pyrotechnic features are activated, resulting in the device then being in an "open" state that prevents current from flowing through the device. The 4-5 show a body 432 (similar to the body 102 in the 1-3 above), fixed contacts 434 . 436 (similar to the fixed contacts 104 . 106 in the 1-3 above). In this embodiment, however, the fixed contacts 434 . 436 separately from the current terminals 438 . 440 shaped to connect to external circuits electrically to the fixed contacts 434 . 436 are connected, the current terminals and the fixed contacts in the embodiment of 1-3 are identical. The 4-5 show further moving contacts 442 (similar to the moving contact 108 in the 1-3 above), a shaft structure 444 (similar to the shaft structure 110 in the 1-3 above, but shaped differently).

The shaft structure 444 is with the moving contact 442 and the piston structure 446 (which is similar to the piston structure 204 in the 1-3 is connected above). The piston structure 446 can be at least partially a pyrotechnic charge 448 surrounded so that the moving contact 442 and the piston structure 446 in one direction away from the fixed contacts 434 . 436 be pressed when the pyrotechnic charge 448 is activated, whereby the circuits are interrupted. In some embodiments, the fuse can 430 a supporting structure 450 include, which is designed to the fixed contacts 434 . 436 and the moving contacts 442 to keep in place. In some embodiments, the pyrotechnic charge is triggered 448 the piston structure 446 away from the pyrotechnic charge with such force that the supporting structure 450 broken or postponed. In some embodiments, the fuse can 430 are triggered by active signals. In some embodiments, the fuse can 430 triggered by passive trigger configurations, such as those described herein. 4 shows the fuse 430 in their "closed" state, in which the fixed contacts 434 . 436 and the moving contacts 442 lie together and current flow through the device 430 is made possible. On the other hand shows 5 the fuse 430 in its "open" state after the pyrotechnic charge has been triggered 448 in which the fixed contacts 434 . 436 and the moving contacts 444 are separated and the current flow through the device 430 is prevented.

Now that two types of switching devices, contactors and fuses, have been described as exemplary environments that can use pyrotechnic trigger mechanisms in accordance with the present disclosure, embodiments of pyrotechnic trigger mechanisms will now be described in detail. In the following embodiments, the reference to the 6-11 take, the pyrotechnic trigger configurations with respect to an application with the contactor in the 1-3 described. It is understood, however, that the pyrotechnic trigger configurations related to the 6-11 can be used as tripping devices in any switching mechanism that includes pyrotechnic features, including, for example, the fuse that is related to the 4-5 is described.

6 shows a pyrotechnic trigger configuration 500 , which includes: a printed circuit board 502 (Traces not shown) similar to the circuit board 400 in the 1-3 , electrical current clamps 504 , similar to the fixed contact structures 104 . 106 in the 1-3 , and a passive rocker switch 506 , 6 also shows the pyrotechnic trigger configuration 500 , integrated in an electrical device 503 who have a body 508 which is similar to the body 102 can be containing internal components. The pyrotechnic trigger configuration 500 in 6 is shown without an upper "cap" section of the body, so the circuit board 502 is exposed and visible; however, it is understood that during normal device operation, features such as a closed body that includes a cap and epoxy material may be included. 6 also shows pyrotechnic pens 510 similar to the pyrotechnic pens 203 in the 1-3 , They are coil pins 512 included the electrical connection to an internal coil or solenoid, for example similar to the solenoid 112 in the 1-3 , enable. It is also a tubular structure 514 including the formation of an internal hermetic seal or the handling of electronegative gases within the electrical device 503 can ease.

With the pyrotechnic trigger configuration 500 in 6 becomes the passive rocker switch 506 activated when a predefined current level through the device 503 penetrates, for example a dangerous current level, which can lead to permanent damage to a device or a danger such as a fire. This in turn closes a circuit to send a signal to the pyrotechnic pins 510 to transmit, thereby an internal pyrotechnic element, for example a pyrotechnic charge 202 in the 1-3 , to activate. In these embodiments, the circuit board 502 be configured to send a trigger signal to the pyrotechnic pins 510 aimed in electrical exchange with pyrotechnic features within the device 503 stand. The electrical path for this trigger signal can be from the closing or activating of the passive rocker switch 506 depend so that the electrical path for the trigger signal to the pyrotechnic pins 510 is blocked when the passive rocker switch 506 open or not triggered (in an idle state). Likewise, if the passive rocker switch 506 is closed or activated, the trigger signal to the pyrotechnic pins 510 be sent and trigger the internal pyrotechnic feature.

The passive rocker switch 506 may be connected to a sensor configured to sense when a predefined current level through the device 503 penetrates, and then the passive rocker switch 506 triggers. In some embodiments, it is the passive rocker switch 506 itself, which is designed to sense or respond passively and trip when the current flows through the device 503 flows, reaches a predefined level. For example, in some embodiments, the passive rocker switch includes 506 a switch configured to respond to a magnetic field generated by current through the current terminals 504 the contraption 503 flows, or by current flow through a portion of the device 503 ,

In some embodiments, the passive rocker switch is 506 a reed switch or other switching mechanism designed to be activated in response to a magnetic field of sufficient strength. Different configurations can be used with a reed switch. For example, the reed switch can be designed such that the contacts are open in the idle state, closed when there is a sufficient magnetic field, or so that they are closed in the idle state and open when there is a sufficient magnetic field. In some embodiments, the reed switch can be integrated into a reed relay and actuated by a solenoid. In most of the embodiments set forth herein that include a reed switch, the reed switch is configured such that the contacts are open at rest, thereby preventing an electrical signal from the pyrotechnic pins 510 reached and the pyrotechnic features activated before a sufficient magnetic field corresponding to a dangerous current level closes the reed switch.

In some embodiments, the circuit board includes 502 a variety of passive rocker switch assemblies 516 that allow the pyrotechnic trigger configuration 500 for the desired tripping current. For example shows 7 the pyrotechnic trigger configuration 500 , the circuit board 502 who have favourited electrical device 503 who have favourited Current Terminals 504 , the passive rocker switch 506 , the body 508 who have favourited Pyrotechnic Pens 510 who have favourited Coil Pins 512 who have favourited Tubular Structure 514 and the rocker switch mounts 516 , As in 7 shown, the desired tripping current can be adjusted by mounting the passive rocker switch 506 to different rocker switch assembly devices 516 , which in turn triggers the release distance 518 between the passive rocker switch 506 and one or more of the current terminals 504 is adjusted.

By adjusting the release distance 518 between the passive rocker switch 506 and one or more current terminals 504 can be the amount of electricity generated by the device 503 flows and is required to the passive rocker switch 506 and thus trigger the internal pyrotechnic features of the device are adjusted. For example, the passive rocker switch 506 include a reed switch configured to trip when a pre-defined magnetic field is generated by a pre-defined current level through the current terminals 504 flows. The strength of the magnetic field, which is necessary to the passive rocker switch 506 trip, and thus the level of the corresponding current flowing through the device and required to the passive rocker switch 506 release can be easily adjusted by changing the release distance 518 between the passive rocker switch 506 and the current terminals 504 , In the embodiment shown, this can be achieved by mounting the passive rocker switch 506 on various passive rocker switch assembly devices 516 ,

If the passive rocker switch 506 further from the power terminal 504 is moved away, a stronger magnetic field and therefore a stronger current is required to the passive rocker switch 506 and thus the pyrotechnic characteristics of the device 503 trigger. This can be achieved by providing a pre-designed switching device with a pre-designed printed circuit board, so that the device can be mass-produced, while at the same time by positioning the passive rocker switch 506 on various passive rocker switch assembly devices 516 different tripping currents are made possible. For example, the passive rocker switch assemblies 516 in places on the circuit board 502 are located, which correspond to different magnetic field strengths, which in turn can correspond to different levels of the desired tripping current. A company can manufacture a PCB configuration and the passive rocker switch 506 on various passive rocker switch assembly devices 516 position to create devices that trip at different currents. In embodiments that use a coil or solenoid, for example in shooters, the passive rocker switch can 506 be designed to switch off the power supply to the coil. In these embodiments, this configuration can reduce the time it takes for the pyrotechnic features to open the contacts since the resistance of the coil need not be overcome.

In other embodiments, other features may be used instead of or in addition to the rocker switch mounts 516 be included to continue with the passive rocker switch 506 co. For example shows 8th a device 602 with a pyrotechnic trigger configuration 600 similar to the pyrotechnic trigger configuration 500 in the 6 and 7 , The device 603 closes a circuit board 602 (similar to the circuit board 502 in 7 ), an electrical device 603 (similar to the electrical device 503 in 7 ) and current terminals 604 (similar to the current terminals 504 in 7 ) on. The device 603 also includes a passive rocker switch 606 (similar to the passive toggle switch 506 in 7 ), a body 608 (similar to the body 508 in 7 ), pyrotechnic pens 610 (similar to the pyrotechnic pens 510 in 7 ), Coil pins 612 (similar to the coil pins 512 in 7 ) and a tubular structure 614 (similar to the tubular structure 514 in 7 ). Although similar embodiments may include rocker switch mounts, the embodiment in FIG 8th no toggle switch assemblies. Instead, the pyrotechnic trigger configuration closes 600 a core structure 630 one that helps determine the desired trip current of the pyrotechnic trip configuration 600 set.

The core structure 630 may comprise any known material that can direct, direct, or control a magnetic field generated by current flowing through the device 603 flows. For example, the core structure includes 630 metal in some embodiments. In some embodiments, the core structure includes 630 Iron, an iron alloy, or other ferrous material. In some embodiments, the core structure is 630 magnetic. The core structure 630 may include any suitable shape or configuration that produces the desired magnetic field properties, including any regular or irregular polygons, or a custom shape. In the embodiment in 8th has the core structure 630 the shape of a curved strip. The core structure 630 can be in any spatial position relative to the device 603 and the circuit board 602 be arranged to the interaction between a generated magnetic field and the passive rocker switch 606 to facilitate. In the in 8th Embodiment shown surrounds the core structure 630 one of the current terminals 604 at least partially and adjacent to the passive rocker switch 606 on.

That through the core structure 630 The magnetic field generated can be more significant than that of the current clamp itself and the desired trip current can be controlled by adjusting the distance between a part of the core structure 630 and the passive rocker switch 606 instead of between the power terminal 604 and the passive rocker switch 606 , as in the embodiment in the 6-7 , For example shows 9 the pyrotechnic trigger configuration 600 , the circuit board 602 who have favourited electrical device 603 who have favourited Current Terminals 604 , the passive rocker switch 606 , the body 608 who have favourited Pyrotechnic Pens 610 who have favourited Coil Pins 612 who have favourited Tubular Structure 614 and the core structure 630 , Also shows 9 the trigger distance 636 between the passive rocker switch 606 and the core structure 630 , As in the embodiment in the 7-8 , the passive rocker switch 606 include a reed switch or other passive mechanism configured to trip when a predefined magnetic field due to a predefined current level passing through the current clamp 604 and / or the core structure 630 flows, is generated.

The strength of the magnetic field, which is necessary to the passive rocker switch 606 trigger, and thus the amount of corresponding current flowing through the device and required to the passive rocker switch 606 release can be easily adjusted by changing the release distance 636 between the passive rocker switch 606 and part of the core structure 630 , By the passive rocker switch 606 further from the core structure 630 removed, a stronger magnetic field and therefore a stronger current is required to activate the passive rocker switch 606 and thus also the pyrotechnic features of the device 603 trigger.

In some embodiments, instead of or in addition to toggle switch assemblies 606 or a core structure 630 an external trigger mechanism can be used. In some embodiments, this external trigger mechanism can replace the need for a circuit board, although in other embodiments the external trigger mechanism can be used in addition to a circuit board. An exemplary embodiment in which an external trigger mechanism replaces the need for a circuit board is shown in FIG 10 shown. This figure represents a pyrotechnic trigger configuration 700 (similar to the pyrotechnic trigger configuration 600 in 8th ). The configuration 700 includes an electrical device 703 (similar to the electrical device 603 in 8th ), Current terminals 704 (similar to the current terminals 604 in 8th ), a passive rocker switch 706 (similar to the passive rocker switch 606 in 8th ), a body 708 (similar to the body 608 in 8th ), pyrotechnic pens 710 (similar to the pyrotechnic pens 610 in 8th ), Access points 712 that can allow access of a wire to an internal solenoid or coil, and a tubular structure 714 (similar to the tubular structure 614 in 8th ). 10 also shows that the body 708 an upper section or cap section 716 through which the current terminals 704 protrude.

It is understood that an upper portion or cap portion is similar to the cap portion 716 of the body 708 who in 10 may be applied to all other embodiments incorporating features of the present invention. For example, it is understood that the device embodiments in the 6 and 8th are shown without a cap section to be able to better display underlying PCB configurations. During final assembly of the embodiments in 6 and 8th however, all of the internal components may be fully enclosed within the body and include a cap portion of the body.

The embodiment in 10 also shows an external trigger mechanism 730 , the passive rocker switch 706 , a conductive busbar 732 and a spacer 734 includes. As in 10 shown, the conductive busbar 732 comprise a plurality of connecting sections, the conductive busbar 732 in the embodiment shown a first connection point 736 comprises, which is designed to connect to the device 708 on one of the current terminals 704 and a second connection point 738 , which is configured to connect to an external power source.

The conductive busbar 732 can comprise any conductive material, for example a metal material. In some embodiments, the conductive bus bar includes 732 Copper. The spacer 734 can comprise a non-magnetic material. The conductive busbar 732 can be designed to allow power to the pyrotechnic pins 710 to flow and so the internal pyrotechnic features of the device 703 trigger. The passive rocker switch 706 is similar to the passive rocker switch in the embodiments of FIG 6 and 8th configured in an open state that does not allow current to flow through the conductive busbar 732 flows and thus enables triggering of the pyrotechnic features.

When the current from the device 703 reaches a threshold, a magnetic field is generated which is sufficient to activate the passive rocker switch 706 trigger. This allows power from the external power source to be connected to the second connector 738 the conductive busbar 732 is connected through the conductive busbar 732 to the pyrotechnic pens 710 to flow and thus trigger the pyrotechnic features of the device.

The threshold magnetic field that is required to activate the passive rocker switch 706 To activate, and thus the required current level, which is defined as dangerous enough to guarantee activation of the pyrotechnic circuit breakers, can be adjusted by adjusting the distance of the passive rocker switch 706 from the conductive busbar 732 , This can be achieved, for example, by adjusting the thickness of the non-magnetic spacer 734 , For example shows 11 a close-sectional view of the external trigger mechanism 730 in 10 , including the passive rocker switch 706 , the conductive busbar 732 , the spacer 734 , the first connection point 736 and the second connection point 738 , 11 also shows the release distance 750 which is the thickness of the non-magnetic spacer 734 equivalent.

As in the embodiments discussed above, the passive rocker switch can 706 include a reed switch or other passive mechanism. The switch may be configured to trip when a predefined magnetic field is generated due to a predefined level of current through the current clamp 604 flows, in this case the current terminal 604 that are in electrical connection with the external trigger mechanism 730 stands. The strength of the magnetic field that is required to switch the passive rocker switch 706 trigger, and thus the level of the corresponding current through the device 703 flows and is required to the passive rocker switch 706 release can be adjusted by simply changing the release distance 750 between the passive rocker switch 706 and the conductive busbar structure 732 , By increasing the thickness of the non-magnetic spacer 734 , causing the passive rocker switch 706 further from the conductive busbar structure 732 is moved away, a stronger magnetic field and thus a stronger current is required to the passive rocker switch 706 and thus the pyrotechnic characteristics of the device 703 trigger. Likewise, if the passive rocker switch 706 closer to the conductive busbar structure 732 is moved, a weaker magnetic field and thus a weaker current required to the passive rocker switch 706 and thus the pyrotechnic characteristics of the device 703 trigger.

It is understood that the various pyrotechnic passive circuits according to the present invention can be arranged in many different ways. 12 shows a simplified schematic representation of an embodiment of a pyrotechnic passive circuit 800 according to the present invention. The circuit 800 generally includes an open circuit circuit 802 which is the standard working power source 804 coupled to a workload 806 includes that from the power source 802 excited and powered. A contactor or a fuse 808 is in the circuit 800 arranged to the power connection between the power source 804 and interrupt the load when there is a dangerous current in the circuit 802 flows. It is understood that the fuse 808 also with Devices may be provided that allow it to act as a contactor to the power source 804 disconnect from the load under normal operating conditions. It is also understood that the fuse 808 may include a contactor, the passive circuit 800 serves to change the state of the contactor and to interrupt the current path as described above.

It can be a pyrotechnic activation circuit 810 be included, which is used with the shunt circuit 802 work together to protect against overcurrent conditions. The circuit 810 includes a pyrotechnic actuator / trigger 812 , as described above, which serves the condition of the fuse 808 change when activated. The circuit also closes an overcurrent operated pyrotechnic fuse release 814 one that's near the circuit 802 is placed in a position that enables it to have an overcurrent condition in the circuit 802 capture. In the illustrated embodiment, the trigger 814 include a reed switch, but it will be appreciated that many different alternative devices can be used. The trigger 814 can be in many different places relative to the circuit 802 be positioned, for example, next to a current terminal, as described above, or next to other conductors in the circuit that carries operating current. The circuit 810 can also be a secondary power source 816 include that with the pyrotechnic actuator 812 can be coupled if the fuse release is closed in response to increased current values.

The fuse is in operation 808 closed what it is the working power source 804 allows the load 806 to supply with electricity. When normal amounts of electricity through the circuit 802 flow, the trigger remains 814 open and the secondary power source 816 is from the pyrotechnic actuator 812 Cut. When amounts of electricity exceed a certain level (dangerously high levels) through the circuit 802 flow, the shutter closes 814 in response to the stronger magnetic field. This connects the secondary power source to the pyrotechnic actuator 812 and causes him to fuse 808 to operate and break. This in turn becomes the working power source 804 from the load 806 disconnected and the conductive path for the stronger current in the circuit 802 interrupted.

It is understood that other circuits according to the present invention can be arranged in many different ways with many different devices and elements. Many different secondary power sources can be used, with some embodiments using a battery or capacitor integrated circuit that stores a charge sufficient to power the pyrotechnic actuator 812 trigger. In other embodiments, the secondary power source may include an integrated low voltage power source that is still sufficient to power the pyrotechnic actuator 812 trigger.

13 shows another embodiment of a pyrotechnic passive circuit 900 according to the present invention, which has many of the same features as the circuit 800 in 12 contains. The circuit 900 includes an open circuit circuit 902 which is the standard working power source 904 , coupled with a workload 906 , includes. A contactor or a fuse 908 is in the circuit 900 arranged to make the electrical connection between the power source 904 and the burden 906 interrupt if there is a dangerous current in the circuit 902 flows.

The circuit 900 closes the pyrotechnic actuator / trigger 912 and an overcurrent operated pyrotechnic fuse release 914 similar to those described above. In the circuit 900 however, these elements are not arranged in a separate pyrotechnic activation circuit, which is used to actuate the pyrotechnic actuator 912 works with a secondary power source. Instead, these elements are in the main power circuit 912 integrated with the trigger 914 is arranged to increase current flows in the circuit 902 to capture, and being even with the circuit 902 is coupled to a conductor that carries the increased current flow. In the illustrated embodiment, the trigger is 914 with the circuit conductors parallel to the fuse 908 coupled; however, it goes without saying that it can also be arranged differently.

The trigger is during normal operation 914 open and power from the power source 904 is through the fuse 908 to the burden 906 directed. If the trigger 914 detects an increased current flow, it closes and the increased current flows through the release 914 to the pyrotechnic actuator 912 , triggers the actuator and breaks the fuse 908 , This will make the normal conduction path between the power source 904 and the burden 908 interrupted.

The trigger 914 is also arranged so that the increased current flow from the power source 904 the trigger 914 quickly breaks or is otherwise destroyed and thus the current path through the trigger 914 interrupts. The trigger 914 transports the current long enough to activate the actuator, but is destroyed shortly afterwards. This causes the power source 904 electrical versus load 906 is isolated and any reinforced current path is interrupted. It is understood that the trigger 914 and the actuator 912 May have elements that they contain during rupture or release, such as an inclusion material such as epoxy.

It is also understood that the elements of the circuits according to the present invention can be coupled together using many different electrical conductors. These can include traces on a circuit board or wires. It is also understood that the circuits described above can be arranged on and integral with the contactor or the fuse to provide a user-friendly and compact device. The circuit 900 can have certain advantages, for example that it does not require a separate secondary power source to power the pyrotechnic actuator 912 to activate. This can result in a simplified and less expensive device.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with respect to certain preferred configurations thereof, other versions are possible. Embodiments of the present invention may include any combination of compatible features shown in the various figures, and these embodiments are not intended to be limited to those that are expressly shown and discussed. That is, the spirit and scope of the invention are not intended to be limited to the versions described above.

The above description is intended to cover all modifications and alternative constructions that are within the spirit and scope of the invention, and no part of the disclosure is explicitly or implicitly intended for the public domain unless defined in the claims.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• US 15889516 [0023]
• US 9013254 [0034]

Claims (21)

An electrical switching device comprising: a housing; internal components within the housing, the internal components configured to switch the status of the switching device from a closed state that allows current flow through the switching device to an open state that interrupts current flow through the switching device; pyrotechnic features configured to cooperate with the internal components to switch the switching device from the closed to the open state when the pyrotechnic features are activated; a passive rocker switch structure configured to activate the pyrotechnic features when triggered, the passive rocker switch structure configured to fire when a threshold current flows through the switching device in response to reaching a threshold strength by a magnetic field; and Current terminals that are electrically connected to the internal components for connection to external circuits. The electrical switching device according to Claim 1 , wherein the passive rocker switch comprises a reed switch. The electrical switching device according to Claim 1 , wherein the passive rocker switch is connected to a circuit board. The electrical switching device according to Claim 3 , wherein the threshold strength of the magnetic field is at least partially determined by the distance of the passive rocker switch from at least one of the current terminals. The electrical switching device according to Claim 4 wherein the circuit board includes a plurality of passive rocker switch assemblies. The electrical switching device according to Claim 5 , wherein the plurality of passive rocker switch assemblies are arranged in positions with different distances from at least one of the current terminals, so that the positions correspond to different desired trigger threshold values, depending on different magnetic field threshold values. The electrical switching device according to Claim 3 , which further comprises at least one core structure. The electrical switching device according to Claim 7 , wherein the core structure at least partially surrounds at least one of the current terminals. The electrical switching device according to Claim 8 , wherein the threshold strength of the magnetic field is determined by the distance of the passive rocker switch from a part of the at least one core structure. An electrical switching device comprising: a housing; internal components within the housing, the internal components being configured to switch the state of the switching device from a closed state, which allows the current to flow through the switching device, to an open state, which interrupts the current flow through the switching device; a pyrotechnic feature configured to cooperate with the internal components to switch the switching device from the closed state to the open state when the pyrotechnic features are activated; a passive rocker switch structure configured to activate the pyrotechnic features when triggered, the passive rocker switch structure configured to trip in response to an amplified current signal flowing through the switching device, the passive rocker switch arranged to receive the amplified current signal Activation of the pyrotechnic feature to use. The electrical switching device according to Claim 10 , wherein the passive rocker switch comprises a reed switch. The electrical switching device according to Claim 10 , wherein the passive rocker switch is connected to a circuit board. The electrical switching device according to Claim 12 wherein the circuit board includes a plurality of passive rocker switch assemblies. The electrical switching device according to Claim 13 , wherein the plurality of passive rocker switch assemblies are arranged in positions with different distances from at least one of the current terminals, so that the positions correspond to different desired trigger threshold values, depending on different magnetic field threshold strengths. The electrical switching device according to Claim 10 , further comprising a current clamp, wherein the passive rocker switch is arranged to in response to increased current in the current terminal. An electrical system that includes: a working circuit comprising a working power source, coupled to a work load through a current path, with a contactor between the power source and the load; a pyrotechnic trigger circuit including a trigger / switch arranged to sense increased current in the shunt circuit; and a pyrotechnic actuator, the trigger / switch activating the pyrotechnic actuator to actuate the contactor to interrupt the current path in the working current circuit. The system according to Claim 16 , wherein the contactor comprises internal components within the housing, the internal components being configured to switch the state of the switching device from a closed state, which enables the current flow through the contactor, to an open state, which interrupts the current flow through the contactor. The system according to Claim 17 , wherein the pyrotechnic actuator interacts with the internal components to switch the contactor from the closed state to the open state when the pyrotechnic actuator is activated. The system according to Claim 17 , wherein the trigger circuit uses the increased current to activate the pyrotechnic actuator. The system according to Claim 17 , wherein the trigger circuit uses a secondary power source to activate the pyrotechnic actuator. The system according to Claim 20 wherein the secondary power source comprises a battery, a capacitor circuit, or a low voltage current.

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