DE102019119327A1 - Method for controlling the charging power output in a charging system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a method for controlling the charging power output in a charging system (100), the charging system (100) having at least one first direct current charging device (104, 304) connected to a specific supply network section (158) and set up to charge an electrical storage device (132 ) an electric vehicle (128) of a first user with electrical power during a first charging process, and at least one further direct current charging device (106) connected to the particular supply network section (158), set up to charge an electrical storage device (124) of another electric vehicle (120 ) a second user with electrical power during a second charging process, the method comprising providing at least one first instantaneous position information of at least the first user, and distributing the power available in the specific supply network section (158) to the at least two direct current charging devices htungen (104, 106, 304) at least for a first charging process interval of the first charging process, at least based on the provided first instantaneous position information of the first user.

Description

The application relates to a method for controlling the charging power output in a charging system. In addition, the application relates to a charging system and a charging application.

The development of the charging infrastructure is of crucial importance for the widespread establishment of electromobility. To this end, it is particularly necessary to install charging stations for electric vehicles on a large scale in public as well as partially public spaces. The charging stations are supposed to blend in with the street scene and are therefore usually designed as charging stations. Charging columns are characterized in particular by a compact design with a small footprint. The charging stations are usually built like steles and have integrated or connectable charging electronics for charging an electric vehicle. It goes without saying that the charging stations can also have other shapes.

In the present case, an electric vehicle is to be understood as meaning a vehicle which can be operated at least partially electrically and which includes a rechargeable electrical storage device.

As mentioned, the extensive expansion of the charging infrastructure is a key factor in the acceptance of electric mobility. Another essential criterion for the establishment of electromobility is that a vehicle battery can be charged as quickly as possible.

To achieve shorter charging times, the use of DC charging devices or DC charging devices is known from the prior art. Direct current charging devices are set up to deliver higher electrical (charging) powers (in particular compared to alternating current charging devices or AC charging devices). DC charging stations with one or more DC charging devices can be located at motorways or traffic junctions. The charging capacities of such direct current charging devices are between 50 and 350 kW (e.g. 50, 150 or even 350 kW).

One problem with such high charging capacities is that a specific electrical supply network section at which one or more DC charging stations with one or more DC charging devices must first enable such a power output.

The specific electrical supply network section (for example a specific local network and / or a specific network section that is separated from another network section by a transformer or the like) must be designed in such a way that, for example, a power of 150 kW can be transmitted to an electric vehicle /may.

In order to ensure this, it is known from the prior art to use a power distribution device (also known as a load management device). A power distribution device is set up to distribute the (maximum) electrical power available in the specific electrical supply network section to the DC charging devices that are connected to this supply network section. In particular, it is known from the prior art to distribute the power as a function of a predetermined distribution rule. Known distribution rules provide that the available power is completely distributed to the DC charging device that was first coupled to an electric vehicle or the available power is always evenly distributed to the at least two DC charging devices until the end of a charging process is detected. Charging devices is distributed.

Such distribution rules can, however, lead to a vehicle battery of a user not being sufficiently charged during a charging process. As a result, the user may have to carry out another charging process to reach his travel destination. This leads to a considerable reduction in user-friendliness.

The application is therefore based on the object of providing a method for controlling the charging power output in a charging system which at least partially reduces the above-mentioned disadvantages and in particular increases user-friendliness.

• - Bereitstellen mindestens einer ersten augenblicklichen Positionsinformation zumindest des ersten Nutzers, und
• - Verteilen der in dem bestimmten Versorgungsnetzabschnitt verfügbaren Leistung auf die zumindest zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen zumindest für ein erstes Ladevorgangsintervall des ersten Ladevorgangs, zumindest basierend auf der bereitgestellten ersten augenblicklichen Positionsinformation des ersten Nutzers.

The object is achieved according to a first aspect of the application by a method for controlling the charging power output in a charging system, in particular a direct current charging system, according to claim 1. The charging system comprises at least one first direct current charging device connected to a specific supply network section, set up to charge a electrical storage of an electric vehicle of a first user with electrical power during a first charging process, and at least one further direct current charging device connected to the particular supply network section, set up for charging an electrical storage of another electric vehicle of a second user with electrical power during a second charging process. The procedure includes:

• - Providing at least one first instantaneous position information item for at least the first user, and
• Distributing the power available in the specific supply network section to the at least two direct current charging devices at least for a first charging process interval of the first charging process, at least based on the first instantaneous position information provided by the first user.

In contrast to the prior art, the instantaneous or current position of a user of an electric vehicle connected to a DC charging device for charging the electric vehicle is improved in the power distribution (or load management). The risk that a user will find an insufficiently charged electric vehicle when they return to their electric vehicle is at least reduced. In particular, the remaining time remaining for a charging process can be estimated from the respective position of the users of the respective electric vehicles.

If, for example, this estimate shows that the remaining charging time (due to the expected return time) for a first electric vehicle is shorter than the charging time for a further electric vehicle, this can be taken into account in the current power distribution. In particular, it can be implemented as a rule that the lower an estimated remaining charging time, the higher the allocated power can be. In other words, the prioritization of a charging process can be changed as a function of the instantaneous or current position of a user of an electric vehicle who is connected to a direct current charging device for charging the electric vehicle.

It goes without saying that an actual estimate or conversion into a remaining charging time can be dispensed with and the estimate can be based directly on the at least one instantaneous item of position information. In particular, the respective charging process is prioritized as a function of the at least one current item of position information from at least one user. For example, it can be provided that the higher a charging process is prioritized, the more power of the available power can be allocated to this charging process during distribution.

The method is in particular a load management method. The method is used to control the power output by at least two direct current charging devices which are connected to a specific supply network section. A direct current charging device has a charging point at which electrical power can be exchanged with an electrical storage device (in particular vehicle battery) of an electric vehicle via a charging cable. One or more DC charging devices can be integrated in a DC charging station. A direct current charging station with two direct current charging devices has in particular a (common) connection to a specific supply network section and two charging points.

A specific supply network section is, in particular, a network section that is separated from another network section via a transformer, such as a specific local network or the like. In particular, two or more direct current charging devices can be connected to a specific supply network section and controlled by the method according to the application.

According to the application, it is provided that at least one first instantaneous position information item is provided at least for the first user during a first charging process. In other words, the current position of a user whose electric vehicle is currently being charged on a DC charging device is provided during this charging process.

In addition, the (currently) available electrical (total) power in the particular supply network section is made available, that is to say in particular the electrical (total) power available at the at least two direct current charging devices. This can for example be made available or specified by a local network operator and / or recorded and determined by suitable measuring means.

The available electrical (total) power is divided between the at least two direct current charging devices, in particular by a power distribution device or load management device, for example a back-end system of the charging system. As already described, the distribution takes place as a function of current position information from at least one user whose electric vehicle is connected to one of the at least two direct current charging devices. The respective instantaneous position information can preferably be provided by a plurality of users (for example at least a first user and a second user) whose electric vehicles are connected to the at least two direct current charging devices and can be taken into account in the power distribution.

According to the application, it is provided that the power is distributed at least for a first (future) charging process interval of a first charging process. A charging process interval means in particular a certain future period of time (e.g. x min (e.g. 1min, 5 min, 10 min, etc.) for which the charging process is assigned a certain amount of power (depending on the current position information). In particular, charging process intervals can be continuously strung together. Thus, a charging process can be temporally divided into a plurality of charging process intervals, with an individual power allocation preferably being able to take place for each charging process interval of a charging process by the distribution method according to the application.

According to a first embodiment of the method according to the application, the distribution of the power available in the specific supply network section to the at least two DC charging devices for a charging process interval of a charging process can also be based on the power already transferred to the electric vehicle and / or the current state of charge of the electrical storage device to be charged Electric vehicle and / or a desired discharge state of the electrical storage based on completion of the charging process. In particular, it can be implemented in a distribution rule that a power assigned to a charging process during the distribution of the power (for a next charging process interval) is reduced if the electric vehicle has already received a predetermined power (for example by one or more limit values) and / or the electrical Memory has already reached a predetermined charge level (e.g. x% of the battery capacity (e.g. 60%, 80% and / or 90% is already charged) (e.g. by one or more limit values) and / or a desired one (e.g. by one or more limit values) Charge level has already been reached to x% (e.g. 60%, 80% and / or 90%).

Furthermore, a distribution rule can provide that, in the event that the electric vehicle has not yet received a predetermined power (for example by one or more limit values) and / or the electrical storage device has not yet received a predetermined charge state (for example by one or more limit values) x% of the battery capacity (e.g. 60%, 80% and / or 90% is already charged) and / or a desired (e.g. by one or more limit values) charge level has not yet reached x% (e.g. 60%, 80% and / or 90%) has been reached and from the current position information it can be estimated that the user will soon be using the electric vehicle again (for example in x min), when the power is distributed to a charging process, a higher power is assigned (than, for example, in a previous charging process interval User satisfaction can be increased even further.

• - Bereitstellen mindestens einer weiteren ersten augenblicklichen Positionsinformation des Nutzers während des oder nach dem ersten Ladevorgangsintervall, und
• - Verteilen der in dem bestimmten Versorgungsnetzabschnitt verfügbaren Leistung auf die zumindest zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen zumindest für ein weiteres sich an das erste Ladevorgangsintervall anschließendes Ladevorgangsintervall des ersten Ladevorgangs, zumindest basierend auf der bereitgestellten weiteren ersten augenblicklichen Positionsinformation des ersten Nutzers.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the application, the method can comprise:

• - providing at least one further first instantaneous position information item for the user during or after the first charging process interval, and
• Distributing the power available in the specific supply network section to the at least two direct current charging devices at least for a further charging process interval of the first charging process following the first charging process interval, at least based on the further first instantaneous position information provided by the first user.

In particular, instantaneous position information of the (respective) user can be provided for each future charging process interval during a charging process interval which is immediately before the charging process interval for which power distribution will take place. This ensures that changes in the position of a user during a charging process can be taken into account in the power distribution.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the application, the provision of at least one instantaneous item of position information (of a user) can include the determination of an instantaneous position of a mobile user terminal assigned to the user. In particular, it has been recognized that using a mobile user terminal assigned to the user whose electric vehicle is connected to a DC charging device (for example the user terminal that the user owns and in particular carries with him) the current position information of the user, for example the previous one called power distribution device, can be provided. In particular, the power distribution device can receive the current position information of the user from the user terminal. A mobile user terminal (e.g. a smartphone, a smart watch, smart glasses, tablet computer, laptop, etc.) can in particular include at least one position sensor (e.g. GPS sensor, Galileo sensor, etc.). This sensor can detect the current geographic position of the user terminal and thus of the user who is carrying this user terminal. This instantaneous position information of the user can then be provided via a communication link.

The determination of instantaneous position information of the mobile user terminal assigned to the user can preferably take place at predefinable time intervals (preferably regularly). For example, the user terminal, triggered by a charging application (charging app) installed on the user terminal, can regularly determine the current geographic position (during a charging process) and in particular transmit it.

Alternatively or additionally, the current geographic position can be sent as a response to this request upon receipt of a corresponding (e.g. regularly sent) position request. In the latter case, the current position information can always be requested (e.g. from the power distribution device) when it is actually required for the distribution of power for a (next) charging process interval.

• - Erfassen einer Nutzerkennung des Nutzers während eines Ladeinitiierungsvorgangs,
• - Zuordnen der erfassten Nutzerkennung zu dem während des Ladeinitiierungsvorgangs initiierten Ladevorgang,
• - wobei das Ermitteln der augenblicklichen Position eines dem Nutzer zugeordneten mobilen Nutzerendgerät ein Empfangen eines Positionsinformationsdatensatzes, enthaltend zumindest die Nutzerkennung des Nutzers und mindestens eine augenblickliche Positionsinformation, von dem mobilen Nutzerendgerät umfasst, und
• - wobei eine empfangene augenblickliche Positionsinformation anhand der Nutzerkennung einem Ladevorgang zugeordnet wird.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the application, the method can comprise:

• - Recording a user ID of the user during a charging initiation process,
• - Assignment of the recorded user ID to the charging process initiated during the charging initiation process,
• - wherein the determination of the current position of a mobile user terminal assigned to the user comprises receiving a position information data record, containing at least the user identifier of the user and at least one current position information item, from the mobile user terminal, and
• - A received instantaneous position information is assigned to a charging process based on the user ID.

As part of a charging initiation process, which can precede the (actual) charging process, in which power can at least in principle be exchanged between the electric vehicle and the DC charging device (in particular, the exchange is enabled), a user identifier of the user can be provided to the backend system, for example. This can be done, for example, as part of a conventional authentication process. The user identifier can in particular be an identifier that is uniquely assigned to the user throughout the system, such as a user name, an identifier for his electric vehicle, a contract number, an identifier of the user terminal, etc.

The detected identifier can in particular be stored and assigned to the charging process started (for example after successful authentication of the user) or to the DC charging device on which the charging process takes place or to the electric vehicle to be charged. This assignment can preferably be stored in the jaw system (at least for the duration of the loading process).

Determining the current position of a first mobile user terminal assigned to the user can in particular include receiving, by the back-end system, a position information data record sent by the user terminal, containing at least the user identifier of the user and at least one current position information item of the user terminal. It goes without saying that further data can be contained, such as for example a (one-to-one) direct current charging device identifier (which was transmitted to the user terminal, for example, during the charging initiation process mentioned).

In the backend system in particular, received instantaneous position information can be assigned to a charging process on the basis of the user ID, so that a previously described power distribution can be carried out (in a simple manner) depending on instantaneous position information.

According to a particularly preferred further embodiment of the method according to the application, the at least one first instantaneous position information item can comprise an instantaneous geographical position (e.g. geographical coordinates, address data, etc.) of the first user (as described above).

Based on the current geographical position of the first user, at least a first distance between the current geographical position of the first user and the installation site of the direct current charging device at which the charging process is carried out can be determined. In particular, the geographical position of the direct current charging device can be known to the jaw system, for example. A direct distance (straight line between the geographical position of the first user and the geographical position of the direct current charging device) can be determined as the distance.

Preferably, a cartographic distance between the geographical position of the first user and the geographical position of the first direct current charging device can be determined as the distance, based on map data (for example from a card service provider). A cartographic distance is in particular the shortest distance (eg in km) that a user (eg on foot) has to cover along mapped paths, roads, etc. from his current location to the DC charging device.

The distribution of the power available in the specific supply network section to the at least two direct current charging devices for a charging process interval can be based at least on the specific instantaneous first interval. The distance, in particular the cartographic distance, is a preferred indicator for estimating the remaining charging time that is likely to be available. This can be estimated based on the distance (x km) and an assumed average speed (which a user typically has on foot). The probability that an electric vehicle is sufficiently charged after a charging process can be further increased.

Preferably, according to a further embodiment of the method according to the application, the at least one first instantaneous position information item can additionally include an instantaneous direction of movement of the first user. The distribution of the power available in the specific supply network section to the at least two direct current charging devices for a charging process interval can be based at least on the determined current distance and the current direction of movement of the first user.

In particular, it can be derived from the movement device and in particular the cartographic distance whether the user is moving in the direction of the direct current charging device to which his electric vehicle is connected or not. The direction of movement can be determined by the user terminal and / or by the jaw system, for example by evaluating a plurality of chronologically sequential geographical position information. The user-friendliness can be further improved.

According to a further embodiment of the method according to the application, at least one second instantaneous position information item of the second user can be provided in the form of an instantaneous geographical position (as already described). Based on the current geographical position of the second user, at least one second distance (e.g. direct distance and / or cartographic distance) between the current geographical position of the second user and the installation location of the first direct current charging device at which the charging process of the second user is carried out can be used , can be determined (as already described). The distribution of the power available in the particular supply network section to the at least two direct current charging devices for a charging process interval can be based at least on the determined instantaneous first distance and the determined instantaneous second distance.

In particular, it can basically be provided that during the distribution the direct current charging device is assigned more power than the further direct current charging device, in which the user of the connected electric vehicle is at a greater distance from the direct current charging device than the other user. In other words, the prioritization can depend on which user is further away from his vehicle.

As has already been described, additional parameters such as the state of charge of the respective electrical storage device, respective direction of movement, already transmitted power, respectively predetermined discharge state of the respective electrical storage device, etc. can preferably be taken into account in the distribution.

According to a further embodiment, it can in particular also be taken into account whether a user is (or not) in the same position for a certain period of time (e.g. over 15 minutes). In particular, a plurality of first instantaneous position information items can be provided in the form of a plurality of instantaneous geographical positions (or position information) of the first user over time. Time-dependent movement information can be determined from the plurality of instantaneous geographical positions of the first user. The distribution of the power available in the specific supply network section to the at least two direct current charging devices for a charging process interval can (additionally) be based at least on the time-dependent movement information. In particular, it can be implemented in a distribution rule that for a user who has (essentially) not changed his position for a certain period of time (e.g. over 15 min), the power for his electric vehicle is reduced.

• - Verteilen eines ersten bestimmten Anteils der in dem bestimmten Versorgungsnetzabschnitt verfügbaren Leistung auf die zumindest zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen zumindest für ein erstes Ladevorgangsintervall des Ladevorgangs, zumindest basierend auf einer bereitgestellten ersten augenblicklichen Positionsinformation des ersten Nutzers, und
• - Verteilen eines weiteren bestimmten Anteils der in dem bestimmten Versorgungsnetzabschnitt verfügbaren Leistung auf die zumindest zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen zumindest für ein erstes Ladevorgangsintervall, zumindest basierend auf einer weiteren Verteilregel, wobei die weitere Verteilregel ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe, umfassend:
  • - verfügbarer weiterer Leistungsanteil wird vollständig bis zur Detektion einer Beendigung des Ladevorgangs an die Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtung verteilt, die als erster mit einem Elektrofahrzeug gekoppelt wurde,
  • - verfügbarer weiterer Leistungsanteil wird gleichmäßig auf die mindestens zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen verteilt,
  • - verfügbarer weiterer Leistungsanteil wird abhängig von einer vorgegebenen Priorität der mindestens zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen auf die mindestens zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen verteilt,
  • - verfügbarer weiterer Leistungsanteil wird abhängig von einer erhaltenen Priorität der zu ladenden Elektrofahrzeuge auf die mindestens zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen verteilt, und
  • - verfügbarer weiterer Leistungsanteil wird abhängig von einer vorgegebenen Stufenfunktion gestuft an die mindestens zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen verteilt.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the application, the method can comprise:

• - Distribution of a first specific proportion of the power available in the specific supply network section to the at least two direct current charging devices at least for a first charging process interval of the charging process, at least based on one provided first current position information of the first user, and
• - Distribution of a further specific proportion of the power available in the specific supply network section to the at least two direct current charging devices at least for a first charging process interval, at least based on a further distribution rule, the further distribution rule being selected from the group comprising:
  • - Available additional power is fully distributed to the DC charging device that was first coupled to an electric vehicle until the end of the charging process is detected,
  • - Available additional power is distributed evenly to the at least two DC charging devices,
  • - Available further power share is distributed to the at least two direct current charging devices depending on a predetermined priority of the at least two direct current charging devices,
  • Available further power share is distributed to the at least two direct current charging devices depending on a priority received for the electric vehicles to be charged, and
  • Available further power portion is distributed to the at least two direct current charging devices in a stepped manner depending on a predetermined step function.

According to the application, it has been recognized that advantageously only a certain, in particular variably predeterminable proportion of the (maximum permissible) total power available at the at least two direct current charging devices is distributed as a function of the at least one instantaneous position information item and the at least one further proportion of the at least one two DC charging devices available (maximum permissible) total power is distributed as a function of a further distribution rule (which does not take current position information into account).

It goes without saying that the total output can also be divided into three or more shares and the still further share is distributed according to yet another distribution rule. For example, the further portion can be distributed according to the “first come - first serve” principle and an even further portion according to the “equal charging” or “stair charging” principle (as will be described in more detail).

According to a distribution rule, the further portion of the available power can be distributed completely to the DC charging device, which was first coupled to a charging connection of an electric vehicle, until the detection of a termination of a first charging process of a first electric vehicle. In other words, the principle of "first come - first serve" is implemented in this distribution rule. The electric vehicle that was first connected to a DC charging device (in terms of time) is fully charged. Then the electric vehicle that was next connected (in terms of time) to another DC charging device is fully charged, etc.

The “equal charging” principle can be implemented in an alternative distribution rule. The further proportion of the available power can be distributed evenly to the at least two direct current charging devices for which coupling information is available. With this distribution rule, all connected electric vehicles receive the same power from the remaining share of the available power.

Prioritizations can be provided in other distribution rules. For example, the at least one further portion of the total available power can be distributed to the at least two direct current charging devices depending on the respective priority of the at least two direct current charging devices and / or the electric vehicles to be charged.

Finally, the “stair charging” principle can be implemented in an alternative distribution rule. With this distribution rule, the at least one further portion of the available power at the at least two direct current charging devices can be distributed to the at least two direct current charging devices for which coupling information is available, depending on a predetermined step function. Every electric vehicle that is connected to a DC charging device can receive power, with the first electric vehicle receiving the most power in stages and successively every further "step by step", similar to a step function, receiving less power after charging .

As has already been described, each DC charging device can provide coupling information to the power distribution device in order to indicate whether an electric vehicle is coupled to the DC charging device (or not).

Another aspect of the application is a charging system for charging electric vehicles. The Charging system comprises at least one first direct current charging device connected to a specific supply network section, configured to charge an electrical storage device of an electric vehicle of a first user with electrical power during a first charging process. The charging system comprises at least one further direct current charging device connected to the specific supply network section, set up to charge an electrical storage device of a further electric vehicle of a second user with electrical power during a second charging process. The charging system comprises at least one power distribution device configured to distribute the power available in the specific supply network section to the at least two direct current charging devices at least for a first charging process interval of the first charging process, at least based on the first instantaneous position information provided by the first user.

The charging system can in particular be operated using the method described above. In particular, it can be provided that the power distribution device is set up to carry out the power distribution described above.

The power distribution device can preferably be implemented in a back-end system of the charging system. The jaw system can be formed, for example, from one or more (distributed) servers. In other variants of the application, the power distribution device can also be implemented in a charging station, comprising one or more direct current charging devices.

Yet another aspect of the registration is a loading application, in particular a software application that can be executed by a processor of the mobile user terminal, can be installed on a mobile user terminal. The charging application comprises at least one position module, set up to cause the transmission of a position information data record, containing at least one user ID of the user of the user terminal and at least one instantaneous position information of the mobile user terminal, during a charging process of an electric vehicle of the user on a DC charging device.

It should be noted that devices, modules etc. according to the application can be formed from hardware components (e.g. processors, interfaces, storage means etc.) and / or software components (e.g. code that can be executed by a processor). It should also be noted that terms such as first, second, etc. are only used to differentiate, for example, a first and a second electric vehicle, user, etc., but do not define a sequence here.

The characteristics of the processes, charging systems and charging applications can be freely combined with one another. In particular, features of the description and / or the dependent claims can be independently inventive on their own or freely combined with one another, even with complete or partial circumvention of features of the independent claims.

• 1 eine schematische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Ladesystems gemäß der vorliegenden Anmeldung,
• 2 ein Diagramm eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Verfahrens gemäß der vorliegenden Anmeldung,
• 3 eine schematische Ansicht von beispielhaften Abständen, die durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verfahrens gemäß der Anmeldung bestimmt werden,
• 4a eine schematische Ansicht einer ersten beispielhaften Aufteilung der an den zumindest zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen verfügbaren Gesamtleistung gemäß der Anmeldung,
• 4b eine schematische Ansicht einer weiteren beispielhaften Aufteilung der an den zumindest zwei Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtungen verfügbaren Gesamtleistung gemäß der Anmeldung, und
• 5 ein Diagramm mit beispielhaften Verläufen einer Leistungszuweisungspriorität in Abhängigkeit zum Abstand eines Nutzers zu einer Gleichstrom-Ladevorrichtung.

There are now a large number of possibilities for designing and further developing the method according to the application, the charging system according to the application and the charging application according to the application. For this purpose, reference is made, on the one hand, to the claims subordinate to the independent claims and, on the other hand, to the description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. In the drawing shows:

• 1 a schematic view of an embodiment of a charging system according to the present application,
• 2 a diagram of an embodiment of a method according to the present application,
• 3 a schematic view of exemplary distances that are determined by an embodiment of a method according to the application,
• 4a a schematic view of a first exemplary division of the total power available at the at least two direct current charging devices according to the application,
• 4b a schematic view of a further exemplary division of the total power available at the at least two direct current charging devices according to the application, and
• 5 a diagram with exemplary courses of a power allocation priority as a function of the distance of a user to a DC charging device.

In the figures, the same reference symbols are used for the same elements.

The 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a charging system 100 according to the present application. The charging system 100 comprises a first DC charging device 104 and at least one further DC charging device 106 . The present example is a direct current charging station 102 shown showing the first DC charging device 104 and the other DC charging device 106 includes.

It goes without saying that in other variants of the application a separate direct current charging station with only one direct current charging device (or three or more direct current charging devices) can be provided. In particular, a charging system 100 comprise three or more DC charging devices electrically connected to a common dedicated utility network section 158 are connected. The charging capacities of a DC charger 104 , 106 can for example be 50, 150 or even 350 kW.

A DC charger 104 , 106 is set up for charging (preferably a bidirectional exchange of power is possible) of electric vehicles 120 , 128 . An electric vehicle 120 , 128 has at least one electrical storage device 124 , 132 on, especially in the form of a traction battery 124 , 132 .

A charging cable can be used for charging 118 , 126 between a charging port 122 , 130 of an electric vehicle 120 , 128 and a charging point 112 , 114 a DC charger 104 , 106 connected. A charging point 112 , 114 is at least set up to deliver electrical power (or energy or current). Preferably a charging point 112 , 114 also be set up to absorb electrical power. The charging point 112 , 114 can in particular be an electrical interface, for example in the form of a firmly attached charging cable with a charging connection (e.g. charging plug) and / or a charging connection for connecting a charging cable (e.g. a charging plug receptacle, e.g. in the form of a charging plug socket). A firmly attached charging cable is to be understood in particular to mean that a user cannot separate the charging cable from the direct current charging device in a non-destructive manner.

The DC charging station shown 102 has a common port 108 to the particular supply network section 158 for the two DC chargers 104 , 106 on. It goes without saying that in other variants of the application a separate connection can also be provided for each DC charging device.

In addition, the charging station includes a (common) distribution circuit 110 . The distribution circuit 110 is set up to use the power available on the connection 108 available power, according to power distribution information on the DC charging devices 104 , 106 to distribute. In particular, the distribution circuit 110 set up, each charging point 112 , 114 To allocate or make available a certain service, corresponding to one by a service distribution facility 144 power distribution carried out (which can be provided, for example, in the form of power distribution information to the distribution circuit).

The at least one power distribution device 144 is in the present embodiment in a backend system 140 implemented. The jaw system 140 can via a communication module 148 , a communication network 146 and a communication module 116 the charging station 102 with the charging station 102 communicate. This enables the at least one power distribution device 144 a distribution of the in the particular supply network section 158 available power to the at least two DC charging devices 104 , 106 can cause at least a first charging process interval of the first charging process, depending on at least one instantaneous position information of a user, his electric vehicle 120 , 128 on one of the at least two DC charging devices 104 , 106 is loaded. The at least one instantaneous item of position information from at least one user can be provided to the power distribution device 144 (as well as those in the particular utility network section 158 available power). In order to effect a specific power distribution, a corresponding distribution signal and / or distribution message containing the power distribution information can be sent by the power distribution device 144 to the distribution circuit 110 be transmitted.

The provision of at least one instantaneous item of position information preferably comprises determining the instantaneous position of a mobile user terminal assigned to the user 152 , in the present example in the form of a smartphone 152 shown. The determination can, in particular, be a receiving by the backend system 140 , a position information record containing at least the user identifier of the user of the mobile user terminal 152 and at least one current item of position information (preferably at least the current geographic position of the user) from the mobile user terminal 152 include. The mobile user terminal 152 can in particular be bidirectional via a communication module 150 , a communication network 134 (e.g. cellular network) and a communication module 142 of the backend system 140 with the backend system 140 communicate.

Preferably on the mobile user terminal 152 a charging application according to the registration 154 be installed, in particular by a processor of the user terminal 152 is executable. The charging application 154 can in particular a position module 156 exhibit. The position module 156 can be set up to cause a transmission of a position information data record containing at least one user ID of the user of the user terminal 152 and at least one instantaneous position information of the mobile user terminal (for example one from a position sensor of the user terminal 152 provided geographical position), during a charging process of an electric vehicle 120 , 128 of the user on a DC charging device 104 , 106 .

Determining the current position of the mobile user terminal assigned to the user 152 can in particular take place at predeterminable time intervals (preferably regularly).

The power distribution facility 144 is set up to distribute the in the particular supply network section 158 available power to the at least two DC charging devices 104 , 106 at least for a first charging process interval of the first charging process, at least based on the provided first current position information of a first user.

The operation and the distribution of the available power according to the registration are described in more detail below as an example.

It can initially be assumed that a user is his electric vehicle 128 at a DC charging station 104 will load. In particular, a first charging process can be started after a conventional charging initiation process (for example with an authentication process). The user ID of the user, their electric vehicle 128 is loaded. This includes assigning the user ID to the DC charging device 104 . This can be particularly true in the jaw system 140 get saved.

The core idea of the method according to the application is, in particular, to take into account position information of the user during a charging process in the context of a load management or power distribution method when prioritizing the allocation of the power. If, for example, it is determined on the basis of the current position information that the user is, for example, at a relatively large distance from the DC charging device 104 is where his electric vehicle 128 is charged, it can be estimated that the user usually needs more time to get to his electric vehicle 128 will return. If, for example, it is determined on the basis of the current position information that the user is, for example, in the vicinity of the DC charging device 104 is located, the user can get to his electric vehicle relatively quickly 128 to return. The remaining charging time can be estimated as low.

By having DC chargers 104 , 106 can deliver a relatively high charging power, a relatively large amount of energy can (theoretically) be stored in an energy store within the time required for the user to return 124 , 132 of an electric vehicle 120 , 128 be transmitted.

According to the application, the current position of the user is therefore taken into account in the power distribution, in particular in the prioritization of the power allocation for a charging process, within the framework of a load management or power distribution method. In principle, it can be implemented in a distribution rule that users who are in the vicinity of a DC charging device 104 , 106 (For example, within a predeterminable radius around a DC charging device 104 , 106 ) where an electric vehicle 120 , 128 of the user is currently being charged, a higher charging capacity (e.g. x% higher) of an overall system 100 get made available, as a user who is further away (for example outside the predeterminable radius around a DC charging device 104 , 106 ) from a DC charger 104 , 106 at which they connect their electric vehicle 120 , 128 load, located.

For example, in a first step, a first user can use his electric vehicle 128 to a first DC charging device 104 connect and start a first charging process in a conventional manner. A method according to the application for load management or for controlling the charging power output in the charging system is then implemented 100 carried out. In particular, this can be carried out at regular time intervals for a corresponding number of charging process intervals.

The 2 shows an exemplary process according to the present application. In a first step 201 At least one first instantaneous position information item can be provided for at least the first user. This can in particular the determination of a current position of the first user and preferably the determination of a distance between the current position of the first user and the first direct current charging device 104 include at which the electric vehicle 128 of the first user is loaded.

In a second step 202 can, caused by the power distribution device 144 , a distribution of the in the particular utility network section 158 available power to the at least two DC charging devices 104 , 106 at least for a first charging process interval of the first charging process, at least based on the first instantaneous position information provided by the first user.

In particular, this can be a determination of the charging power available for the first user, preferably as a function of the in step 201 include determined (first) distance. The charging station 102 can be controlled accordingly. You can then use the distribution circuit 110 a first charging process interval can be carried out within the charging process with the available charging power on the direct current charging device. During the first charging process interval, step 201 to be continued.

In particular, at least one further first instantaneous position information item for the first user can be provided, preferably during (or after) the first charging process interval, and the power available in the specific supply network section can then be distributed to the at least two DC charging devices 104 , 106 at least for a further charging operation interval of the first charging operation following the first charging operation interval, at least based on the further first instantaneous position information provided by the first user (as described above).

The current position of a user can be determined, for example, every minute or every five minutes or the like. As already described, the current position can be determined in particular with the aid of a mobile user terminal 152 (e.g. smartphone, tablet) of the user. Mobile user devices 152 usually comprise (not shown) GPS receivers (or the like) which show a current position of the mobile user terminal 152 can determine.

A mobile user terminal 152 of a user usually also includes so-called applications, in particular in the form of charging applications 154 (see, for example, https: //www.innogy-emobility.conn/privat/prod ucts / on the road / app-echarge), which can be used, for example, to find a charging station and / or to start / stop a charging process.

Preferably, such a charging application 154 a described position module 156 can be expanded to include the jaw system in particular regularly 140 to communicate current position information of the user. Using such a charging application 156 it is advantageously possible to provide position information about the user of a specific electric vehicle 128 or a specific charging process or a specific DC charging device 104 assigned, in particular based on a previously described and for example in the jaw system 140 saved assignment. In particular, the charging process can already be carried out using the charging application 154 have been started.

As part of the step 201 As already described, a distance (d) between the user and the direct current charging device can be determined on the basis of the previously determined instantaneous geographical position of the user 104 , 106 can be determined at which the electric vehicle 120 , 128 of the user is loaded. The charging process or an electric vehicle to be charged can be used for this determination 120 , 128 be assigned to the corresponding user (or their user ID). This assignment can be made by the jaw system 140 be carried out, for example when initializing the charging process based on a customer contract of the user and / or based on transmitted user data, for example as part of an authentication.

The jaw system 140 it can also be known at which geographical position the relevant DC charging device is located 104 , 106 where the electric vehicle is located 120 , 128 of the user is loaded. The information about the position of the DC charger 104 , 106 can for example be stored within an asset management system of a charging station operator and on the part of the jaw system 140 be available. Alternatively, the position of the electric vehicle 120 , 128 or the DC charger 104 , 106 active at the beginning of the charging process to the backend system 140 be communicated.

The distance can be determined on the basis of a mathematical calculation. In one embodiment, the direct distance can 366 (see. 3 ) between the user 364 or the user terminal 352 of the user 364 and the DC charger 304 be calculated.

Alternatively (or additionally), in a preferred exemplary embodiment, a cartographic distance 368 between the user 364 or the user terminal 352 of the user 364 and the DC charger 304 be calculated.

A cartographic distance 368 In terms of registration, it is to be understood in particular that this is the real (shortest possible) distance between the user 364 or the user terminal 352 of the user 364 and the DC charger 304 acts. A user must / can walk the distance to get to the DC charging device 304 to return.

For the calculation of the cartographic distance, additional map information (e.g. map information from Google Maps, Here or the like) in the jaw system 140 be available. One advantage of using the cartographic distance is that a real distance is determined for a possible return. As a rule, a user is never on the direct route to the DC charging device 304 can return, so that the determination of the cartographic distance allows a higher accuracy in the power distribution.

In a next step, on the basis of the determined distance, a for the user or his electric vehicle 120 , 128 available charging power can be determined, as already described. For charging several electric vehicles 120 , 128 in a charging system 100 with multiple DC chargers 104 , 106 a total service is usually available.

This can be the power distribution facility 144 (for example by a network operator). The total output is due to several electric vehicles to be charged 120 , 128 as part of load management, by the power distribution facility 144 , distributed as previously described.

In one embodiment of the method according to the application, the total power available can 480 at the particular supply network section 158 or on the at least two DC charging devices 104 , 106 of the charging system 100 in at least two (or more) parts 482 , 484 be divided (cf. 4a and 4b) .

Preferably, a first specific portion can be distributed 482 that in the particular supply network section 158 available power 480 to the at least two DC charging devices 104 , 106 take place at least for a first charging process interval of the charging process, at least based on a first instantaneous position information provided by the first user, as has already been basically described.

Furthermore, a further specific share can be distributed 484 that in the particular supply network section 158 available power 480 to the at least two DC charging devices 104 , 106 take place at least for a first charging process interval, at least based on a further distribution rule. The further distribution rule can in particular be a distribution rule described above (for example “first come - first serve”, “equal charging”, “stair charging” etc.).

In 4a and 4b is, for example, a subdivision of the possible proportions 482 , 484 shown. A share 482 the total output 480 that is distributed depending on a current position may be, for example, 200 kW or 300 kW or 500 kW.

The services available after a distribution according to one of the further distribution rules can (simply) be added to the service that is distributed depending on a current position. If, for example, a user or his electric vehicle is based on an “equal charging” approach 120 , 128 a charging power X is assigned and if, according to a position-dependent approach, the same user or his electric vehicle 120 , 128 a charging power Y is assigned, the result is a total charging power of X + Y.

This combination according to the application advantageously enables a user in an overall system 100 never goes empty-handed, in particular by not assigning any charging power for a charging interval to this user.

Based on 5 mathematical relationships are illustrated by way of example, which can be implemented in the form of a distribution rule to determine the current geographical positions of users, their vehicles 120 , 128 should be taken into account.

In particular, in the 5 a (for example cartographic) distance (between user and DC charging device) is plotted on the x-axis, which distance can be determined based on current position information. A prioritization of the charging power to be distributed is plotted on the Y-axis of the graph shown. A prioritization means in particular that the higher the prioritization (for example between 0 and 1), the higher the power that is assigned to a corresponding charging process.

In one embodiment, the assignment of a distance value d to a specific prioritization value in a distribution rule can, for example, be continuously falling and resemble the course of the function f (x) = (1 / x) (cf. course of the curve 592 ). It can be seen that a first user N1 compared to a second user N2 who is further away from his DC charging device has a higher priority than the second user N2 .

As a result, the second charging process takes place during a charging process interval for charging a second electric vehicle 128 of a second user N2 less power is allocated than a first charging process during the charging process interval for charging a first electric vehicle 120 a first user N1 . The actual difference in performance can be determined by the mathematical relationship that can be specified. Instead of the relationship f (x) = (1 / x) (cf. course of the curve 592 ) can, for example, also be a linear relationship (cf. course of the curve 590 ) or the like.

In one embodiment, the current direction of movement and / or a change over time in the geographical position (e.g. the distance) and / or the current state of charge (or the like) of the electrical storage device can also be taken into account in the power distribution.

In particular, the at least one first instantaneous position information item can additionally include an instantaneous direction of movement of the first user and the distribution of the information in the particular supply network section 158 available power to the at least two DC charging devices 104 , 106 for a charging process interval based at least on the determined current distance and the current direction of movement of the first user.

Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of first instantaneous position information can be provided in the form of a plurality of instantaneous geographical position of the first user over time, with time-dependent movement information being able to be determined from the plurality of instantaneous geographical position of the first user, for example by the backend system 140 (but also by the user terminal 152 ). The distribution of the in the particular supply network section 158 available power to the at least two DC charging devices 104 , 106 for a charging process interval can additionally be based at least on the time-dependent movement information.

For example, the prioritization of a user can decrease over time if the distance between the user does not change for a certain time (eg> 15 min). This is advantageous if a user is at a certain distance from the DC charging device for a longer period of time 104 , 106 stops.

This is the case, for example, when the user is in the vicinity of the DC charging device 104 , 106 sitting in a cafe or visiting a doctor's office. Without a temporal change in the prioritization, the user would be assigned a defined (high) proportion of the available charging power over a longer period of time, although this is not necessary to ensure that the corresponding electric vehicle has a sufficient charge level 120 , 128 to achieve.

Claims (11)

A method for controlling the charging power output in a charging system (100), wherein the charging system (100) has at least one first direct current charging device (104, 304) connected to a specific supply network section (158) and configured to charge an electrical storage device (132) of an electric vehicle ( 128) of a first user with electrical power during a first charging process, and at least one further DC charging device (106) connected to the specific supply network section (158), set up to charge an electrical storage device (124) of a further electric vehicle (120) of a second user with electrical power during a second charge, the method comprising: - providing at least one first instantaneous position information item at least for the first user, and - Distribution of the power available in the specific supply network section (158) to the at least two direct current charging devices (104, 106, 304) at least for a first charging process interval of the first charging process, at least based on the first instantaneous position information provided by the first user. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the method comprises: - providing at least one further first instantaneous position information item for the first user during or after the first charging process interval, and - distributing the power available in the specific supply network section (158) to the at least two direct current charging devices (104 , 106, 304) at least for a further charging operation interval of the first charging operation following the first charging operation interval, at least based on the further first instantaneous position information provided by the first user. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that - the provision of at least one instantaneous position information comprises the determination of an instantaneous position of a mobile user terminal (152, 352) assigned to the user, - wherein the determination of an instantaneous position of the mobile user terminal (152, 352) assigned to the user, in particular in specifiable time intervals takes place. Procedure according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the method comprises: - Acquisition of a user ID of the user during a deini tiierungsvorgangs, - assignment of the acquired user ID to the charging process initiated during the charging initiation process, - the determination of the current position of a mobile user terminal (152, 352) assigned to the user receiving a position information data record containing at least the User identification of the user and at least one current item of position information from the mobile user terminal (152, 352), and - wherein a received current item of position information is assigned to a charging process on the basis of the first user identification. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the at least one first current position information comprises a current geographical position of the first user, - wherein based on the current geographical position of the first user, at least a first distance between the current geographical position of the first user and the installation location of the first direct current charging device (104, 106, 304) at which the charging process is carried out is determined, and - the distribution of the power available in the specific supply network section (158) to the at least two direct current charging devices (104, 106, 304) for a charging process interval is based at least on the determined instantaneous first interval. Procedure according to Claim 5 , characterized in that - in addition, the at least one first current position information includes a current direction of movement of the first user, and - the distribution of the power available in the particular supply network section (158) to the at least two direct current charging devices (104, 106, 304) for a charging process interval is based at least on the determined current distance and the current direction of movement of the first user. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - at least one second current position information of the second user is provided in the form of a current geographical position, - based on the current geographical position of the second user, at least a second distance between the current geographical position of the second user and the installation location of the first direct current charging device (104, 106, 304), at which the charging process of the second user is carried out, is determined, and - the distribution of the power available in the particular supply network section (158) to the at least two direct currents -Charging devices (104, 106, 304) for a charging process interval is based at least on the determined instantaneous first distance and the determined instantaneous second distance. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - a plurality of first instantaneous position information is provided in the form of a plurality of instantaneous geographical position of the first user over time, - time-dependent movement information from the plurality of instantaneous geographical position of the first user is determined, and - wherein the distribution of the power available in the specific supply network section (158) to the at least two direct current charging devices (104, 106, 304) for a charging process interval is based at least on the time-dependent movement information. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method comprises: - distributing a first specific portion (482) of the power (480) available in the specific supply network section (158) to the at least two direct current charging devices (104, 106, 304 ) at least for a first charging process interval of the charging process, at least based on a first instantaneous position information provided by the first user, and - distributing a further specific portion (484) of the power (480) available in the specific supply network section (158) to the at least two direct current Charging devices (104, 106, 304) at least for a first charging process interval, at least based on a further distribution rule, the further distribution rule being selected from the group comprising: - available further portion (484) is fully available until the end of the charging process is detected the DC charging device (104, 106, 304), which was first coupled to an electric vehicle (120, 128), - available further portion (484) is evenly distributed to the at least two DC charging devices (104, 106, 304), - available further power portion is depending on a predetermined priority of the at least two direct current charging devices (104, 106, 304) distributed to the at least two direct current charging devices (104, 106, 304), - available further portion (484) is dependent on a received priority of the Electric vehicles (120, 128) are distributed to the at least two direct current charging devices (104, 106, 304), and - available further portion (484) is graded to the at least two direct current charging devices (104, 106, 304) depending on a predetermined step function ) distributed. A charging system (100) for charging electric vehicles (120, 128), comprising: - At least one first direct current charging device (104, 304) connected to a specific supply network section (158), set up to charge an electrical storage device (132) of an electric vehicle (128) of a first user with electrical power during a first charging process, - At least one further direct current charging device (106) connected to the specific supply network section (158), set up to charge an electrical storage unit (124) of a further electric vehicle (120) of a second user with electrical power during a second charging process, - At least one power distribution device (144) set up to distribute the power available in the specific supply network section (158) to the at least two direct current charging devices (104, 106, 304) at least for a first charging process interval of the first charging process, at least based on one provided first instantaneous position information of the first user. A charging application (154) installable on a mobile user terminal (152), comprising: - At least one position module (156), set up to cause the transmission of a position information data record, containing at least one user ID of the user of the user terminal (152) and at least one instantaneous position information of the mobile user terminal (152), during a charging process of an electric vehicle (120, 128) of the User on a DC charging device (104, 106, 304).

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